Anti-swing mechanism for tower crane

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of cranes, in particular to a swing-preventing mechanism for a tower crane, comprising a hoisting mechanism, the hoisting end of the hoisting mechanism is provided with a hoisting rope, and the hoisting mechanism is further provided with a buffer mechanism for buffering the hoisting rope; the swing-preventing effect of the tower crane is effectively improved through a differentiated air supplement strategy, a large amount of low-frequency air is supplemented to the cam-driven piston cylinder when the rope is wound, the stiffness of the air spring is rapidly increased, the inertia impact of the hoisted object is offset, the swing amplitude is reduced, the pawl supplements a small amount of high-frequency reciprocating air when the rope is unwound, the relaxation of the steel wire rope is delayed and the descent is avoided, the impact peak force is reduced, the initial low-pressure flexible start is combined with overload protection, the starting impact is reduced and the stability is improved, pure mechanical transmission is not required for electronic sensors, the air supplement can be automatically adapted to the winding and unwinding speed, complex environments can be adapted to, the hoisting efficiency is improved, the use and maintenance costs are reduced, and the safety and reliability under complex working conditions are significantly enhanced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of crane technology, and more specifically to an anti-sway mechanism for tower cranes. Background Technology

[0002] Tower cranes are core equipment used for vertical transportation of heavy objects in construction. They lift and lower goods by winding and unwinding wire ropes. In actual operation, the wire ropes are prone to swaying during winding and unwinding due to the inertia of the load and the frequent changes in speed. This is especially true in the construction of super high-rise buildings, where the impact of changes in acceleration during lifting and lowering is more significant due to the height. The large swing amplitude of the wire rope requires frequent adjustments to the position of the load, affecting the lifting efficiency.

[0003] In view of this, we propose an anti-sway mechanism for tower cranes. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides an anti-sway mechanism for tower cranes, which effectively solves the problems of uncontrollable buffering performance of wire rope buffer devices, high risk of impact from suspended objects, and the need for frequent position adjustments that affect lifting efficiency when loading and unloading goods using wire ropes in existing tower cranes.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] The present invention provides an anti-sway mechanism for a tower crane, including a lifting mechanism, a lifting rope at the lifting end of the lifting mechanism, and a buffer mechanism for buffering the lifting rope on the lifting mechanism.

[0007] An inflation mechanism, installed on the lifting mechanism, is used to regulate the air pressure of the buffer mechanism;

[0008] The transmission mechanism, installed on the lifting mechanism, drives the inflation mechanism. The transmission mechanism also synchronously adjusts the way and frequency of the inflation mechanism's pressure regulation on the buffer mechanism according to the state and speed of the hoisting rope.

[0009] The lifting mechanism also includes a traction roller for pulling the hoisting rope, with a traveling trolley rotatably connected to one side of the traction roller, and the traveling trolley slidably connected to the tower arm via rollers;

[0010] The transmission mechanism includes a fixed box that is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the crane. A connecting shaft is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the fixed box. One end of the connecting shaft rotates through the crane and is fixedly connected to one side of the traction roller. A bevel gear one is fixedly connected to the other end of the connecting shaft. A bevel gear two is meshed with the surface of bevel gear one. The top of bevel gear two is rotatably connected to the top of the inner cavity of the fixed box.

[0011] The bottom of the bevel gear is fixedly connected to a disc via a fixed shaft. The bottom of the disc is rotatably connected to the bottom of the inner cavity of the fixed box. A pawl is provided inside the disc, and a ratchet ring corresponding to the pawl is provided outside the disc. A cam is fixedly connected to the bottom of the ratchet ring via a fixed rod slidably connected to the inner wall of the fixed box. A protrusion corresponding to the cam is provided on one side of the cam.

[0012] The inflation mechanism includes an air tank fixedly connected to the inner wall of the vehicle. The output end of the air tank is fixedly connected to a three-way valve and a three-way valve through two sets of metal pipes. The bottom of the three-way valve is fixedly connected to a piston cylinder that is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the vehicle.

[0013] Furthermore, a rubber piston is fitted onto the inner wall of the piston cylinder, and a piston rod is fixedly connected to one side of the rubber piston. A return spring is fixedly connected to one side of the piston cylinder on the outside of the piston rod. The other end of the return spring is fixedly connected to the side of the protrusion away from the cam, and the side of the protrusion away from the cam is also fixedly connected to the end of the piston rod away from the rubber piston.

[0014] Furthermore, the bottom of the three-way valve two is fixedly connected to the top of the fixed box, and the bottom of the three-way valve two is also fixedly connected to a metal tube two through a rotary joint. The metal tube two passes through the fixed shaft and extends to the inner wall of the disc. One end of the metal tube two that passes through the fixed shaft is fixedly connected to a piston cylinder two that is connected to the inner wall of the disc.

[0015] Furthermore, a rubber piston is fitted onto the inner wall of the piston cylinder, and a piston rod is fixedly connected to one side of the rubber piston. A return spring is fixedly connected to the outside of the piston rod, which is located at the end of the pawl away from the ratchet ring. The other end of the return spring is fixedly connected to the side of the piston cylinder near the pawl, and the end of the pawl away from the ratchet ring is also fixedly connected to the end of the piston rod away from the rubber piston.

[0016] Furthermore, the buffer mechanism includes a four-way valve whose output ends of both three-way valve one and three-way valve two are fixedly connected to a metal pipe one. One side of the four-way valve is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the vehicle, and the output end of the four-way valve is fixedly connected to the input end of the air tank through a metal pipe one.

[0017] Furthermore, the buffer mechanism also includes two sets of traction wheels disposed on the surface of the suspension rope for limiting and guiding the suspension rope. A fixed disc is rotatably connected to the two sets of traction wheels. Multiple sets of air springs are rotatably connected to the surface of the fixed disc and rotatably connected to the bottom of the vehicle. The air valves of the multiple sets of air springs are connected to each other through corrugated hoses. One end of one set of corrugated hoses is fixedly connected to one end of a four-way valve. The four-way valve and the multiple sets of corrugated hoses are used for supplying air to and venting air from the multiple sets of air springs.

[0018] The technical solution provided by this invention has the following advantages compared with known public technologies:

[0019] This invention utilizes a cam-driven piston cylinder to provide low-frequency, high-flow-rate air replenishment during rope retraction, rapidly increasing the stiffness of the air spring. By increasing the support force of the buffer mechanism on the hoisting rope, it effectively counteracts the inertial impact during lifting, reducing the swaying amplitude of the crane and the hoisting rope, thus making the rope retraction process smoother. During rope release, a pawl drives the piston cylinder to provide high-frequency, micro-volume air replenishment, slowing down the slack speed of the wire rope without hindering the natural descent of the hoisted object. By reducing the peak impact force generated by the sudden tension of the wire rope, it lowers the risk of swaying during rope release and improves operational safety.

[0020] By initially filling the air spring with low-pressure gas, it is in a flexible buffer state. When releasing the rope, the wire rope is allowed to slack slightly, avoiding the rigid braking impact of the traditional high-pressure mode; when retracting the rope, the buffer stroke is extended to reduce the sudden tension change at the moment of start-up and reduce the risk of swaying during the start-up phase; when the air spring pressure exceeds the threshold, the four-way valve overflow valve automatically opens, and the gas quickly flows back to the air tank, preventing the airbag from bursting due to excessive pressure. Combined with the pressure equalization network connected by the corrugated hose, a ring-shaped buffer force field is formed, which effectively suppresses the three-dimensional swaying of the suspension rope and improves the reliability of the system.

[0021] The air replenishment frequency and volume are automatically adjusted according to the rope retraction and release speed. The purely mechanical structure can effectively reduce maintenance frequency and costs, making it particularly suitable for environments with high dust and humidity, such as complex environments like mountain bridge construction. It can adapt to load changes without manual intervention, effectively improving hoisting efficiency. Through differentiated air replenishment strategies, the anti-sway effect of the tower crane's trolley and hoisting rope is improved, which can significantly enhance the safety and reliability of the tower crane under complex working conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a first-view structural diagram of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the vehicle of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional lower view of the structure of the vehicle of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4This is a cross-sectional view of the fixing box structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the disk and fixed shaft of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the piston cylinder structure in two sections according to the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the piston cylinder of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the inflation mechanism and the buffer mechanism of the present invention.

[0031] The labels in the diagram represent: 1. Lifting mechanism; 101. Tower arm; 102. Overhead crane; 103. Lifting rope; 104. Traction roller;

[0032] 2. Buffer mechanism; 201. Fixed plate; 202. Air spring; 203. Traction wheel; 204. Corrugated hose; 205. Four-way valve;

[0033] 3. Inflation mechanism; 301. Air tank; 302. Metal tube 1; 303. Piston cylinder 1; 304. Return spring 1; 305. Three-way valve 2; 306. Metal tube 2; 307. Piston cylinder 2; 308. Piston rod 2; 309. Return spring 2; 3010. Rubber piston 2; 3011. Piston rod 1; 3012. Rubber piston 1; 3013. Three-way valve 1

[0034] 4. Transmission mechanism; 401. Fixed box; 402. Connecting shaft; 403. Bevel gear one; 404. Bevel gear two; 405. Disc; 406. Ratchet ring; 407. Pawl; 408. Cam; 409. Fixed shaft; 4010. Protrusion. Detailed Implementation

[0035] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] The present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments.

[0037] An anti-sway mechanism for a tower crane includes a lifting mechanism 1, a lifting rope 103 at the lifting end of the lifting mechanism 1, a buffer mechanism 2 for buffering the lifting rope 103, an inflation mechanism 3 for regulating the air pressure of the buffer mechanism 2, and a transmission mechanism 4 for driving the inflation mechanism 3. The transmission mechanism 4 synchronously adjusts the method and frequency of the inflation mechanism 3 in regulating the pressure of the buffer mechanism 2 according to the lifting rope 103's extension and retraction state and speed. The lifting mechanism 1 also includes a traction roller 104 for pulling the lifting rope 103. A trolley 102 is rotatably connected to one side of the traction roller 104, and the trolley 102 is slidably connected to the tower arm 101 via rollers.

[0038] It should be noted that the lifting rope 103 on the traction roller 104 can be used to lift goods. The lifting rope 103 can be wound up and down using an external drive unit. At the same time, in conjunction with the movable overhead crane 102 on the tower arm 101, the lifting, hoisting and transportation of goods can be realized.

[0039] Specifically, the transmission mechanism 4 includes a fixed box 401 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the traveling trolley 102. A connecting shaft 402 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the fixed box 401. One end of the connecting shaft 402 rotatably passes through the traveling trolley 102 and is fixedly connected to one side of the traction roller 104. The other end of the connecting shaft 402 is fixedly connected to a first bevel gear 403. A second bevel gear 404 is meshed with the surface of the first bevel gear 403. The top of the second bevel gear 404 is rotatably connected to the top of the inner cavity of the fixed box 401. The bottom of the bevel gear 404 is fixedly connected to a disc 405 via a fixed shaft 409. The bottom of the disc 405 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the inner cavity of the fixed box 401. A pawl 407 is provided inside the disc 405. A ratchet ring 406 corresponding to the pawl 407 is provided outside the disc 405. A cam 408 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the ratchet ring 406 via a fixed rod slidably connected to the inner wall of the fixed box 401. A protrusion 4010 corresponding to the cam 408 is provided on one side of the cam 408.

[0040] It should be noted that when the hoisting rope 103 is being retracted or extended, and the goods are being lifted and hoisted, the traction roller 104 can rotate. This allows the connecting shaft 402 to drive the bevel gear 1 403 and bevel gear 2 404 inside the fixed box 401 to rotate. When the rope is being released, the connecting shaft 402 can drive the bevel gear 1 403 and bevel gear 2 404 to rotate forward. At this time, the fixed shaft 409 can drive the disc 405 to rotate forward. When the disc 405 rotates forward, the internal pawl 407 is squeezed by the external ratchet ring 406, and in conjunction with the components of the inflation mechanism 3, it can repeatedly extend and retract multiple times during one revolution of the disc 405 in the forward direction. And ensure that the external ratchet ring 406 does not rotate. On the contrary, when the rope is being wound up, the traction roller 104 rotates in the opposite direction, thereby driving the disc 405 to rotate in the opposite direction. Due to the structural design of the pawl 407 and the ratchet ring 406, the ratchet ring 406 can be driven to rotate in the opposite direction synchronously under the drive of the disc 405, and the pawl 407 will not extend or retract. When the ratchet ring 406 rotates, it can drive the bottom cam 408 to rotate synchronously. When the cam 408 rotates once, it can squeeze the protrusion 4010 set on one side of the cam 408 once. After each squeeze, the protrusion 4010 can be reset by the components in the inflation mechanism 3.

[0041] Furthermore, the inflation mechanism 3 includes an air tank 301 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the vehicle 102. The output end of the air tank 301 is fixedly connected to a three-way valve 3013 and a three-way valve 305 via two sets of metal pipes 302. A piston cylinder 303 fixedly connected to the bottom of the three-way valve 3013 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the vehicle 102. A rubber piston 3012 is fitted onto the inner wall of the piston cylinder 303. A piston rod 3011 is fixedly connected to one side of the rubber piston 3012. A return spring 304 fixedly connected to one side of the piston cylinder 303 is provided outside the piston rod 3011. The other end of the return spring 304 is fixedly connected to the side of the protrusion 4010 away from the cam 408. The side of the protrusion 4010 away from the cam 408 is also fixedly connected to the end of the piston rod 3011 away from the rubber piston 3012. The bottom of the three-way valve 305... The three-way valve 305 is fixedly connected to the top of the fixed box 401, and the bottom of the three-way valve 305 is also fixedly connected to the metal tube 306 via a rotary joint. The metal tube 306 passes through the fixed shaft 409 and extends to the inner wall of the disc 405. One end of the metal tube 306 passing through the fixed shaft 409 is fixedly connected to the piston cylinder 307 connected to the inner wall of the disc 405. The inner wall of the piston cylinder 307 is fitted with a rubber piston 3010. One side of the rubber piston 3010 is fixedly connected to the piston rod 308. The piston rod 308 is provided with a return spring 309 fixedly connected to the end of the pawl 407 away from the ratchet ring 406. The other end of the return spring 309 is fixedly connected to the side of the piston cylinder 307 near the pawl 407. The end of the pawl 407 away from the ratchet ring 406 is also fixedly connected to the end of the piston rod 308 away from the rubber piston 3010.

[0042] It should be noted that when the rope is released, the traction roller 104 rotates in the forward direction, driving the disc 405 to rotate in the forward direction. At this time, when the pawl 407 is squeezed by the ratchet ring 406, the return spring 309 and the piston rod 308 quickly extend and retract. The piston rod 308 drives the rubber piston 3010 to reciprocate rapidly inside the piston cylinder 307. When the piston rod 308 and the return spring 309 are squeezed, they contract. At this time, the gas inside the piston cylinder 307 can be transported to the three-way valve 305 through the metal pipe 306, and then to the buffer mechanism 2 through the metal pipe 302. And when the disc 405 rotates, the metal... Pipe 2 306 can rotate with disc 405 and fixed shaft 409. Through the rotary joint connected to three-way valve 2 305, the sealing between the metal pipe 2 306 and three-way valve 2 305 can be maintained while the metal pipe 2 306 rotates, so as to realize the gas delivery. Conversely, when disc 405 continues to rotate in the forward direction, the elastic action of return spring 2 309 can cause piston rod 2 308 to drive rubber piston 2 3010 to return to its original position. At this time, the gas in gas tank 301 can be delivered to piston cylinder 2 307 through metal pipe 1 302 on three-way valve 2 305, and then delivered to buffer mechanism 2 by piston cylinder 2 307.

[0043] Similarly, when the rope is being wound up, the traction roller 104 rotates in the opposite direction, which drives the disc 405 to rotate in the opposite direction. This causes the ratchet ring 406 to rotate in the opposite direction via the pawl 407. The cam 408 at the bottom of the ratchet ring 406 can squeeze the protrusion 4010. While squeezing, the return spring 304 and the piston rod 3011 extend and retract. When the return spring 304 and the piston rod 3011 retract, the gas in the piston cylinder 303 can be transported to the buffer mechanism 2 through the metal pipe 302 on the three-way valve 3013. Conversely, when the cam 408 and the protrusion 4010 are not in contact, the return spring 304 can drive the piston rod 3011 to reset, thereby driving the rubber piston 3012 to move back. The gas in the gas storage tank 301 is drawn into the piston cylinder 303 through another set of metal pipes 302 on the three-way valve 3013 for secondary transport to the buffer mechanism 2.

[0044] Furthermore, the buffer mechanism 2 includes a four-way valve 205 whose output ends are both fixedly connected to a three-way valve 3013 and a three-way valve 305 via a metal pipe 302. One side of the four-way valve 205 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the crane 102, and its output end is fixedly connected to the input end of the air tank 301 via the metal pipe 302. The buffer mechanism 2 also includes two sets of traction wheels 203 disposed on the surface of the suspension rope 103 for limiting and guiding the suspension rope 103. A fixed disc 201 is rotatably connected to the traction wheel 203. Multiple air springs 202 are rotatably connected to the surface of the fixed disc 201 and are rotatably connected to the bottom of the traveling vehicle 102. The air valves of the multiple air springs 202 are connected to each other through corrugated hoses 204. One end of one of the corrugated hoses 204 is fixedly connected to one end of a four-way valve 205. The four-way valve 205 and the multiple corrugated hoses 204 are used to supply air to and exhaust air from the multiple air springs 202.

[0045] It should be noted that the traction wheel 203 can be used to guide the hoisting rope 103. During the lifting operation, the hoisting rope 103 can be pulled by the multiple sets of air springs 202 connected to the fixed plate 201. Especially during the hoisting operation, the hoisting rope 103 will swing due to the inertia of the movement. The air springs 202 can play a corresponding buffering role, reducing the force of the swing caused by inertia, thereby reducing the swing amplitude of the hoisting rope 103. In addition, the multiple sets of air springs 202 are initially filled with low-pressure gas and connected through the corrugated hose 204 to form an air pressure balance network, ensuring that the multiple sets of air springs 202 synchronously buffer the lateral swing of the hoisting rope 103.

[0046] Meanwhile, during rope winding or unwinding, the corrugated hose 204 connected to the four-way valve 205 can supply gas to multiple air springs 202. When the rope unwinding speed is slow, the disc 405 rotates at a low speed, the piston rod 308 reciprocates at a low frequency, and the amount of air supplied per unit time is small. The air springs 202 maintain low air pressure, which plays a corresponding buffering role while allowing the suspension rope 103 to hang flexibly. When the rope unwinding speed is fast, the disc 405 rotates at a high speed, the piston rod 308 reciprocates at a high frequency, the number of times air is supplied per unit time increases, and the air pressure of the air springs 202 increases slightly, which slows down the slack of the wire rope, avoids the suspension rope 103 from becoming taut and impacted, and thus reduces the swing of the suspension rope 103.

[0047] Similarly, when the rope winding speed is slow, the cam 408 rotates at a low speed, the cam 4010 is subjected to low pressure, the piston cylinder 303 provides a small amount of air at a time, and the air pressure of the air spring 202 rises slowly to maintain the basic stiffness. However, when the rope winding speed is faster, the cam 408 rotates at a high speed, the cam 4010 is subjected to constant pressure, but the amount of air provided at a time is larger, and the air pressure of the air spring 202 rises rapidly. This can quickly offset the inertial impact caused by the acceleration of the suspended object and suppress the upward swing of the suspension rope 103 caused by this inertial impact.

[0048] The working principle of this invention is as follows: the transmission mechanism 4 senses the direction and speed of the rope 103, and converts the rotational motion into piston drive. The inflation mechanism 3 uses two sets of piston cylinders and a three-way valve to achieve differentiated air replenishment to the air spring 202. When the rope is retracted, the air is replenished in large quantities at low frequency, and when the rope is released, the air is replenished in small quantities at high frequency. The buffer mechanism 2 uses the air pressure change of the air spring 202 to suppress the swing of the rope 103 under different working conditions. The four-way valve 205 ensures the unidirectionality of the gas flow and achieves strict isolation between the inflation and return paths.

[0049] During the rope winding process, when the hoisting rope 103 is lifted, the traction roller 104 rotates in the opposite direction. The connecting shaft 402 drives the first bevel gear 403 and the second bevel gear 404 to rotate in the opposite direction. The fixed shaft 409 drives the disc 405 to rotate in the opposite direction. When the disc 405 rotates in the opposite direction, the pawl 407 meshes with the inner wall of the ratchet ring 406. The inclined surface of the pawl 407 engages with the tooth groove of the ratchet ring 406, forcing the ratchet ring 406 to rotate synchronously. The cam 408 at the bottom of the ratchet ring 406 squeezes the protrusion 4010. Every time the cam 408 rotates once, the protrusion 4010 is squeezed once, triggering a single large air injection volume. The piston cylinder 303 has a long stroke and a large volume.

[0050] During the rope lowering operation, when the hoisting rope 103 descends, the traction roller 104 rotates in the forward direction, the connecting shaft 402 drives the first bevel gear 403 to rotate in the forward direction, the second bevel gear 404 rotates in the forward direction, and the fixed shaft 409 drives the disc 405 to rotate in the forward direction. When the disc 405 rotates in the forward direction, the pawl 407 is compressed and contracted by the inclined surface of the inner wall of the ratchet ring 406, the second return spring 309 is compressed, the disc 405 spins freely, the ratchet ring 406 is stationary, and the second piston rod 308 reciprocates at a high frequency under the action of the second return spring 309. The reciprocating frequency of the second piston rod 308 is proportional to the rotation speed of the disc 405. The faster the rotation speed, the more reciprocating times per unit time, but the single air replenishment volume is small because the second piston cylinder 307 has a short stroke and small volume.

[0051] During the air replenishment cycle when the rope is being retracted, the three-way valve 3013 controls the flow of gas. The protrusion 4010 is compressed, and the piston rod 3011 pushes the rubber piston 3012 to move to the left. The air pressure inside the piston cylinder 303 increases, and the three-way valve 3013 switches to the inflation passage, connecting the metal pipe 302 and the piston cylinder 303. The gas flows into the air spring 202 through the metal pipe 302, the four-way valve 205, and the corrugated hose 204.

[0052] During the intake phase, the cam 408 separates from the protrusion 4010, the return spring 304 extends, the piston rod 3011 returns to the right, a negative pressure is formed in the piston cylinder 303, the three-way valve 3013 switches to the intake passage, connecting the air tank 301 and the piston cylinder 303, and the gas in the air tank 301 is drawn in.

[0053] During the air replenishment cycle when releasing the rope, the three-way valve 2 305 controls the flow of gas. During the inflation phase, the piston rod 2 308 moves to the left, the air pressure in the piston cylinder 2 307 increases, the three-way valve 2 305 switches to the inflation passage, connecting the metal pipe 2 306 and the metal pipe 1 302. The gas flows into the air spring 202 through the metal pipe 2 306, the three-way valve 2 305, the metal pipe 1 302, and the four-way valve 205. The piston rod 2 308 returns to the right, and a negative pressure is formed in the piston cylinder 2 307. The three-way valve 2 305 switches to the suction passage, connecting the air tank 301 and the metal pipe 2 306. The gas in the air tank 301 is sucked in.

[0054] Simultaneously utilizing the bidirectional isolation of the four-way valve 205, when piston cylinder one 303 or piston cylinder two 307 supplies air to the four-way valve 205, the internal one-way valve opens towards the air spring 202, and the return channel closes. In the return mode, when the air pressure inside the air spring 202 exceeds the threshold, the overflow valve opens, and the gas flows through the corrugated hose 204 and the four-way valve 205 into the air storage tank 301 through the metal pipe one 302. At this time, the inflation channel is cut off.

[0055] When the rope is released, the suspended object descends rapidly under the action of gravity, and the wire rope is prone to slack. If the air supply is insufficient, the slack wire rope will suddenly tighten and generate a violent impact. If the air supply is excessive, the stiffness of the air spring 202 will increase, which will hinder the natural descent of the suspended object and cause new swaying. The piston rod 308 is driven by the idling of the disc 405 to reciprocate at high frequency, which quickly responds to the changes in wire rope tension, slows down the slack speed, and the amount of air supplied at one time is small. This keeps the air spring 202 flexible and allows the suspension rope 103 to sag slightly, avoiding rigid resistance to the descent of the suspended object. This can reduce the slack length of the wire rope when releasing the rope and reduce the peak impact force.

[0056] When the wire rope is retracted, it actively lifts the suspended object, and the tension increases rapidly, resulting in a significant inertial impact. It is necessary to quickly increase the stiffness of the air spring 202 to suppress the swaying. The cam 408 only squeezes the protrusion 4010 once per revolution to avoid excessive air replenishment and air pressure overshoot. The single air replenishment volume is relatively large, which makes the air pressure of the air spring 202 rise rapidly, quickly absorb the lifting inertia, and at the same time reduce the swing amplitude and swing frequency of the suspended object when retracting the rope.

[0057] In the initial state, the air spring 202 is pre-filled with gas. The corrugated hose 204 connects multiple sets of air springs 202 to form a pressure equalization buffer network. If the maximum amount of gas is initially filled, the air spring 202 has high stiffness, which can easily hinder the descent of the suspended object and cause impact when the rope is released. It is also difficult to quickly buffer the inertia when the rope is retracted. However, through dynamic air replenishment, the low stiffness is started when the rope is released, and the high frequency micro-air replenishment delays the slack. When the rope is retracted, a large amount of air is replenished as needed to quickly enhance the support. This can flexibly match the working conditions, improve the anti-sway effect and ensure safety. During the rope retraction stage, when the rope is retracted at low speed, the cam 408 rotates at low speed and the air replenishment frequency is relatively low, so the air pressure in the air spring 202 is kept in a stable state. When the rope is retracted at high speed, the cam 408 rotates at high speed and the air replenishment frequency is accelerated. The pressure in the air spring 202 rises rapidly. The fixed plate 201 and the traction wheel 203 apply a lateral tension to the suspension rope 103 to counteract the lifting inertia.

[0058] During the rope release phase, when releasing the rope at low speed, the disc 405 rotates at a low speed and the reciprocating frequency of the piston rod 308 is relatively low, maintaining the internal air pressure of the air spring 202. When releasing the rope at high speed, the disc 405 rotates at a high speed and the reciprocating frequency of the piston rod 308 increases, gradually increasing the pressure of the air spring 202, slowing down the slack speed of the wire rope and reducing tension impact.

[0059] When the air pressure of the air spring 202 exceeds the predetermined value, the four-way valve 205 overflow valve opens, and the gas quickly flows back to the air tank 301, and the air pressure drops below the predetermined value, preventing the air bladder of the air spring 202 from bursting. In addition, the corrugated hose 204 connects multiple sets of air springs 202 to form a ring-shaped buffer force field, which can effectively suppress the three-dimensional swing of the suspension rope 103.

[0060] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions will not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the protection scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An anti-swinging mechanism for a tower crane, characterized in that, Include: The lifting mechanism (1), the lifting end of the lifting mechanism (1) is provided with a sling (103), and the lifting mechanism (1) is further provided with a buffer mechanism (2) for buffering the sling (103); The inflation mechanism (3) is arranged on the lifting mechanism (1) for pressure adjustment of the buffer mechanism (2); The transmission mechanism (4) is arranged on the lifting mechanism (1) for driving the inflation mechanism (3), and the transmission mechanism (4) adjusts the mode and frequency of the inflation mechanism (3) adjusting the pressure of the buffer mechanism (2) according to the retraction state and speed of the sling (103); The lifting mechanism (1) further comprises a traction roller (104) for traction of the sling (103), one side of the traction roller (104) is rotatably connected with a trolley (102), and the trolley (102) is slidably connected with a tower arm (101) through a roller; The transmission mechanism (4) comprises a fixed box (401) fixedly connected to the inner wall of the trolley (102), the inner wall of the fixed box (401) is rotatably connected with a connecting shaft (402), one end of the connecting shaft (402) penetrates through the trolley (102) and is fixedly connected to one side of the traction roller (104), the other end of the connecting shaft (402) is fixedly connected with a bevel gear one (403), the surface of the bevel gear one (403) is meshingly connected with a bevel gear two (404), and the top of the bevel gear two (404) is rotatably connected to the top of the inner cavity of the fixed box (401); The bottom of the bevel gear two (404) is fixedly connected with a disc (405) through a fixed shaft (409), the bottom of the disc (405) is rotatably connected to the bottom of the inner cavity of the fixed box (401), the inside of the disc (405) is provided with a pawl (407), the outside of the disc (405) is provided with a ratchet ring (406) corresponding to the pawl (407), the bottom of the ratchet ring (406) is fixedly connected with a cam (408) through a fixed rod slidably connected to the inner wall of the fixed box (401), and one side of the cam (408) is provided with a protruding block (4010) corresponding to the cam (408); The inflation mechanism (3) comprises a gas storage tank (301) fixedly connected to the inner wall of the trolley (102), the output end of the gas storage tank (301) is fixedly connected with a three-way valve one (3013) and a three-way valve two (305) through two groups of metal pipes one (302), and the bottom of the three-way valve one (3013) is fixedly connected with a piston cylinder one (303) fixedly connected to the inner wall of the trolley (102).

2. An anti-swinging mechanism for a tower crane according to claim 1, characterized in that The inner wall of the piston cylinder one (303) is sleeved with a rubber piston one (3012), one side of the rubber piston one (3012) is fixedly connected with a piston rod one (3011), the outside of the piston rod one (3011) is provided with a reset spring one (304) fixedly connected to one side of the piston cylinder one (303), the other end of the reset spring one (304) is fixedly connected to the side of the protruding block (4010) away from the cam (408), and the side of the protruding block (4010) away from the cam (408) is further fixedly connected to the end of the piston rod one (3011) away from the rubber piston one (3012).

3. An anti-swinging mechanism for a tower crane according to claim 2, characterized in that The bottom of the three-way valve two (305) is fixedly connected to the top of the fixed box (401), and the bottom of the three-way valve two (305) is further fixedly connected with the metal pipe two (306) through a rotary joint, the metal pipe two (306) is fixedly connected with the piston cylinder two (307) connected with the inner wall of the disc (405) by penetrating through the fixed shaft (409) and extending to the inner wall of the disc (405).

4. An anti-swinging mechanism for a tower crane according to claim 3, characterized in that The inner wall of the piston cylinder two (307) is sleeved with the rubber piston two (3010), one side of the rubber piston two (3010) is fixedly connected with the piston rod two (308), the outer part of the piston rod two (308) is provided with the reset spring two (309) fixedly connected to the pawl (407) away from the one end of the ratchet ring (406), the other end of the reset spring two (309) is fixedly connected to the side of the piston cylinder two (307) close to the pawl (407), and the one end of the pawl (407) away from the ratchet ring (406) is further fixedly connected to the one end of the piston rod two (308) away from the rubber piston two (3010).

5. An anti-swinging mechanism for a tower crane according to claim 4, characterized in that The buffer mechanism (2) comprises the four-way valve (205) fixedly connected by the metal pipe one (302) at the output end of the three-way valve one (3013) and the three-way valve two (305), the four-way valve (205) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the travelling crane (102) on one side, and the output end of the four-way valve (205) is fixedly connected to the input end of the gas storage tank (301) through the metal pipe one (302).

6. An anti-swinging mechanism for a tower crane according to claim 5, characterized in that The buffer mechanism (2) further comprises two groups of traction wheels (203) arranged on the surface of the lifting rope (103) for limiting and guiding the lifting rope (103), the fixed disc (201) is rotatably connected to the two groups of traction wheels (203), a plurality of air springs (202) are rotatably connected to the bottom of the travelling crane (102) on the surface of the fixed disc (201), the air valves of the plurality of air springs (202) are connected through the corrugated hoses (204), one end of one of the plurality of corrugated hoses (204) is fixedly connected to one end of the four-way valve (205), and the four-way valve (205) and the plurality of corrugated hoses (204) are used for supplying and exhausting air to the plurality of air springs (202).

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