Organic fertilizer prepared by mixed fermentation of straw and livestock and poultry manure and preparation method of organic fertilizer

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of low-temperature fermentation of organic fertilizers. The invention provides an organic fertilizer prepared by mixed fermentation of straw and livestock and poultry manure and a preparation method thereof. The organic fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60-75 parts of straw, 20-35 parts of livestock and poultry manure, 1-2 parts of rice husk, 2-3 parts of waste mushroom sticks, 0.2-0.5 part of a complex microbial inoculant, 0.4-0.6 part of compound enzyme, 0.8-1 part of urea, 0.3-0.5 part of humic acid and 0.2-0.3 part of trehalose. The organic fertilizer disclosed by the invention can be prepared under the condition of relatively low temperature, and straw and livestock and poultry manure are jointly treated through cooperation of bacteria and enzymes, so that the fermentation efficiency is effectively improved. Meanwhile, humic acid and trehalose are utilized, so that the low-temperature treatment capacity of bacteria and enzymes is improved. Rice husks and waste mushroom sticks are used as carriers of bacteria and enzymes, so that the uniformity of the bacteria and the enzymes is improved, and the treatment efficiency is also improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of low-temperature fermentation of organic fertilizers, and particularly relates to an organic fertilizer obtained by mixed fermentation of straw and livestock manure and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Low-temperature environments exacerbate the difficulty of lignocellulose degradation. When the temperature is below 10°C, the activity of cellulase decreases by 72%. The enzyme production temperature of conventional fermenting agents (such as Aspergillus niger) needs to be >25°C, resulting in the natural fermentation cycle being extended to 120 - 150 days, and the degree of maturity only reaching 50% - 65%.

[0003] At the same time, under cold conditions, the feces will freeze into blocks, destroying the pore structure and causing the oxygen diffusion coefficient to decrease by 89%. The energy consumption for forced turning increases by 3 times; low temperature also inhibits the proliferation of thermophilic bacteria, and the inactivation time of pathogenic bacteria is extended from the conventional 15 days to 40 days.

[0004] The unique environmental factors in low-temperature regions, together with the material characteristics of mixed fermentation, the activity of microbial agents, and process control, form multiple coupled contradictions, resulting in bottlenecks in traditional technologies such as high energy consumption, long cycle, and poor quality. This patent addresses the problem of low-temperature fermentation by constructing a bacteria-material-enzyme coupling system adapted to low temperatures. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an organic fertilizer obtained by mixed fermentation of straw and livestock manure and a preparation method thereof, to solve the technical problems that during the fermentation process of corn straw and livestock manure in alpine regions, microorganisms are greatly affected by the environmental temperature, resulting in slow reproduction and metabolism, insufficient contact area of effective biological active substances, high mass transfer resistance, large enzyme dosage, and low enzyme activity.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] The present invention provides an organic fertilizer obtained by mixed fermentation of straw and livestock manure, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60 - 75 parts of straw, 20 - 35 parts of livestock manure, 1 - 2 parts of rice husk, 2 - 3 parts of waste mushroom sticks, 0.2 - 0.5 part of compound microbial agent, 0.4 - 0.6 part of compound enzyme, 0.8 - 1 part of urea, 0.3 - 0.5 part of humic acid, and 0.2 - 0.3 part of trehalose.

[0008] Preferably, the straw is corn straw or rice straw, and the livestock manure is cow dung, sheep dung, or pig dung.

[0009] Preferably, the effective viable count of bacteria in the compound microbial agent is 1.2 - 1.6×10 11 cfu / g, and the compound microbial agent includes Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Lactobacillus bulgaricus, and Trichoderma viride;

[0010] The ratio of the effective viable count of the Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Trichoderma viride is 4-6:3-5:2-3:2-3:0.5-0.8.

[0011] Preferably, the composite enzyme comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5-9 parts of laccase solution, 6-10 parts of xylanase solution, 6-10 parts of pectinase solution, 8-10 parts of cellulase solution and 12-16 parts of lignin peroxidase solution;

[0012] The enzyme activity in the laccase solution, xylanase solution, pectinase solution, cellulase solution and lignin peroxidase solution is 60,000-80,000 U / mL.

[0013] The present invention also provides a preparation method of the organic fertilizer, comprising the following steps:

[0014] (1) Drying and then pulverizing livestock and poultry manure, and then mixing it with straw and urea to obtain a mixed crushed material;

[0015] (2) Dissolving humic acid and trehalose in water, and mixing them with the mixed crushed material to obtain a mixed material;

[0016] (3) Drying and then pulverizing waste mushroom sticks, and then mixing them with rice husks and a composite microbial agent, adjusting the water content and culturing, and then mixing with a composite enzyme to obtain a microbial enzyme composite preparation;

[0017] (4) Mixing the microbial enzyme composite preparation and the mixed material, adjusting the water content to obtain a fermented material, and fermenting to obtain the organic fertilizer.

[0018] Preferably, the method for drying the livestock and poultry manure in step (1) is: drying the livestock and poultry manure at 70-80 °C for 40-60 min, and the particle size of the pulverized livestock and poultry manure ≤ 0.6 cm;

[0019] The straw in step (1) is pulverized before mixing, and the length after pulverization ≤ 2 cm.

[0020] Preferably, the method for drying the waste mushroom sticks in step (3) is: drying the waste mushroom sticks at 70-80 °C for 15-25 min, and the particle size of the pulverized waste mushroom sticks ≤ 0.5 cm;

[0021] The adjusted water content in step (3) is 65-75%, the culturing temperature is 30-34 °C, and the culturing time is 16-24 h.

[0022] Preferably, the water content in the fermented material in step (4) is 55-65%.

[0023] Preferably, the method for fermentation in step (4) is:

[0024] A. Stack the fermented materials into a fermentation stack and place for 2 - 4 days;

[0025] B. Cover the fermentation stack with a shielding material and continuously ferment until fermentation is complete.

[0026] Preferably, in step A, the width of the fermentation stack is 1.5 - 2.5 m, the height is 0.8 - 1.2 m, and the stack is turned every 8 - 12 h during placement;

[0027] In step B, the shielding material is a plastic film and a straw mat, the continuous fermentation time is 7 - 30 days, and the stack is turned every 4 - 6 days during continuous fermentation.

[0028] The present invention provides an organic fertilizer prepared by mixing and fermenting straw and livestock manure, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60 - 75 parts of straw, 20 - 35 parts of livestock manure, 1 - 2 parts of rice husks, 2 - 3 parts of waste mushroom sticks, 0.2 - 0.5 parts of compound microbial agents, 0.4 - 0.6 parts of compound enzymes, 0.8 - 1 part of urea, 0.3 - 0.5 parts of humic acid, and 0.2 - 0.3 parts of trehalose. The organic fertilizer of the present invention can be prepared under relatively low temperature conditions. Through the cooperation of bacteria and enzymes, straw and livestock manure are jointly treated, effectively improving the fermentation efficiency. At the same time, by using humic acid and trehalose, the low-temperature treatment ability of bacteria and enzymes is improved. Using rice husks and waste mushroom sticks as carriers of bacteria and enzymes improves the uniformity of bacteria and enzymes and also improves the treatment efficiency. Detailed Embodiments

[0029] The present invention provides an organic fertilizer prepared by mixing and fermenting straw and livestock manure, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60 - 75 parts of straw, 20 - 35 parts of livestock manure, 1 - 2 parts of rice husks, 2 - 3 parts of waste mushroom sticks, 0.2 - 0.5 parts of compound microbial agents, 0.4 - 0.6 parts of compound enzymes, 0.8 - 1 part of urea, 0.3 - 0.5 parts of humic acid, and 0.2 - 0.3 parts of trehalose.

[0030] In the present invention, the parts of the straw are preferably 65 - 70 parts, and more preferably 67 - 68 parts.

[0031] In the present invention, the parts of the livestock manure are preferably 25 - 30 parts, and more preferably 27 - 28 parts.

[0032] In the present invention, the parts of the rice husks are preferably 1.2 - 1.8 parts, and more preferably 1.5 parts.

[0033] In the present invention, the parts of the waste mushroom sticks are preferably 2.2 - 2.8 parts, and more preferably 2.5 parts.

[0034] In the present invention, the amount of the composite bacterial agent is preferably 0.3 to 0.4 parts.

[0035] In the present invention, the amount of the complex enzyme is preferably 0.5 parts.

[0036] In the present invention, the amount of urea is preferably 0.9 parts.

[0037] In the present invention, the amount of humic acid is preferably 0.4 parts.

[0038] In the present invention, the amount of trehalose is preferably 0.25 parts.

[0039] In the present invention, the straw is preferably corn straw or rice straw, and the livestock and poultry manure is preferably cow manure, sheep manure or pig manure.

[0040] In the present invention, the effective viable count of bacteria in the composite bacterial agent is preferably 1.2 to 1.6×10 11 cfu / g, more preferably 1.4×10 11 cfu / g, the composite bacterial agent preferably includes Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus, yeast, Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Trichoderma viride;

[0041] The ratio of the effective viable counts of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus, yeast, Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Trichoderma viride is preferably 4-6:3-5:2-3:2-3:0.5-0.8, and more preferably 5:4:2.5:2.5:0.6.

[0042] In the present invention, the composite enzyme preferably includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5-9 parts of laccase solution, 6-10 parts of xylanase solution, 6-10 parts of pectinase solution, 8-10 parts of cellulase solution and 12-16 parts of lignin peroxidase solution, and more preferably: 7 parts of laccase solution, 8 parts of xylanase solution, 8 parts of pectinase solution, 9 parts of cellulase solution and 14 parts of lignin peroxidase solution;

[0043] The enzyme activities of the laccase solution, xylanase solution, pectinase solution, cellulase solution and lignin peroxidase solution are preferably 60,000 to 80,000 U / mL, and more preferably 70,000 U / mL.

[0044] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the organic fertilizer, comprising the following steps:

[0045] (1) drying and crushing livestock and poultry manure, and then mixing it with straw and urea to obtain mixed crushed material;

[0046] (2) dissolving humic acid and trehalose in water, and mixing the mixture with the mixed crushed material to obtain a mixed material;

[0047] (3) Dry and crush the waste mushroom sticks, then mix them with rice husks and a compound microbial agent, adjust the water content and cultivate, and then mix with a compound enzyme to obtain a microbial enzyme compound preparation;

[0048] (4) Mix the microbial enzyme compound preparation and the mixture, adjust the water content to obtain a fermentation material, and obtain the organic fertilizer after fermentation.

[0049] In the present invention, the method for drying livestock and poultry manure in step (1) is preferably: drying the livestock and poultry manure at 70-80°C for 40-60 minutes, and more preferably: drying the livestock and poultry manure at 75°C for 50 minutes. The particle size of the crushed livestock and poultry manure is preferably ≤0.6 cm, and more preferably ≤0.4 cm;

[0050] Before mixing, the straw in step (1) is preferably crushed, and the length of the crushed straw is preferably ≤2 cm, and more preferably ≤1.5 cm.

[0051] In the present invention, the method for drying the waste mushroom sticks in step (3) is preferably: drying the waste mushroom sticks at 70-80°C for 15-25 minutes, and more preferably: drying the waste mushroom sticks at 75°C for 20 minutes. The particle size of the crushed waste mushroom sticks is preferably ≤0.5 cm, and more preferably ≤0.3 cm;

[0052] The adjusted water content in step (3) is preferably 65-75%, more preferably 70%. The temperature for cultivation is preferably 30-34°C, more preferably 32°C, and the cultivation time is preferably 16-24 hours, more preferably 20 hours.

[0053] In the present invention, the water content in the fermentation material in step (4) is preferably 55-65%, more preferably 60%.

[0054] In the present invention, the fermentation method in step (4) is preferably:

[0055] A. Stack the fermentation material into a fermentation stack and place it for 2-4 days;

[0056] B. Cover the fermentation stack with a shielding object and ferment continuously until fermentation is completed.

[0057] In the present invention, the width of the fermentation stack in step A is preferably 1.5-2.5 m, more preferably 2 m, the height is preferably 0.8-1.2 m, more preferably 1 m. When placing, it is preferably to turn the stack once every 8-12 hours, and more preferably once every 10 hours;

[0058] The coverings described in step B are plastic films and straw mats. The time for continuous fermentation is preferably 7 - 30 days, more preferably 15 - 20 days. During the continuous fermentation process, it is preferred to turn the pile every 4 - 6 days, more preferably every 5 days.

[0059] The technical solutions provided by the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0060] Example 1

[0061] A method for preparing organic fertilizer by mixing straw and livestock manure for low - temperature fermentation, comprising the following steps:

[0062] (1) Prepare raw materials according to the mass ratio of 60 parts of corn straw, 35 parts of pig manure, 2 parts of rice husk, 2 parts of waste mushroom sticks, 0.5 part of compound microbial agent, 0.6 part of compound enzyme, 0.8 part of urea, 0.5 part of humic acid, and 0.2 part of trehalose, and set aside;

[0063] (2) Dry the pig manure at 80°C for 40 min, then crush it to a particle size ≤ 0.6 cm, crush the corn straw to ≤ 2 cm, and then mix the pig manure, corn straw, and urea to obtain a mixed crushed material;

[0064] (3) Dissolve the humic acid and trehalose in water, and mix them with the mixed crushed material to obtain a mixed material;

[0065] (4) Dry the waste mushroom sticks at 80°C for 15 min, then crush them to a particle size ≤ 0.5 cm, then mix them with rice husk and compound microbial agent, adjust the water content to 75%, culture at 30°C for 24 h, and then mix with compound enzyme to obtain a microbial - enzyme composite preparation;

[0066] (5) Mix the microbial - enzyme composite preparation and the mixed material, and adjust the water content to 65% to obtain a fermentation material;

[0067] (6) Stack the fermentation material into a fermentation stack with a width of 1.5 m and a height of 1.2 m, place it for 2 days, and turn the pile every 12 h during the placement period;

[0068] (7) Cover the fermentation stack with a plastic film, cover the plastic film with a straw mat, ferment continuously for 15 days, turn the pile every 6 days until the fermentation is completed to obtain the organic fertilizer.

[0069] Note: In this example, the effective viable count of bacteria in the compound microbial agent is 1.2×10 11 cfu / g, and the compound microbial agent includes Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Lactobacillus bulgaricus, and Trichoderma viride with an effective viable count ratio of 6:3:3:2:0.5;

[0070] The composite enzyme contains the following raw materials in parts by weight: 9 parts of laccase solution, 10 parts of xylanase solution, 6 parts of pectinase solution, 10 parts of cellulase solution, and 12 parts of lignin peroxidase solution.

[0071] The enzyme activity in the laccase solution, xylanase solution, pectinase solution, cellulase solution, and lignin peroxidase solution is 60,000 U / mL.

[0072] Example 2

[0073] A method for preparing organic fertilizer by mixing straw and livestock manure for low-temperature fermentation, comprising the following steps:

[0074] (1) Prepare raw materials according to the mass ratio of 75 parts of rice straw, 20 parts of sheep manure, 1 part of rice husk, 3 parts of waste mushroom sticks, 0.2 part of composite bacteria agent, 0.4 part of composite enzyme, 1 part of urea, 0.3 part of humic acid, and 0.3 part of trehalose, and set aside;

[0075] (2) Dry the sheep manure at 70 °C for 60 min, then crush it to a particle size of ≤ 0.6 cm, crush the rice straw to ≤ 2 cm, and then mix the sheep manure, rice straw, and urea to obtain a mixed crushed material;

[0076] (3) Dissolve the humic acid and trehalose in water, and mix them with the mixed crushed material to obtain a mixed material;

[0077] (4) Dry the waste mushroom sticks at 70 °C for 25 min, then crush them to a particle size of ≤ 0.5 cm, then mix them with the rice husk and the composite bacteria agent, adjust the water content to 65%, culture them at 34 °C for 16 h, and then mix them with the composite enzyme to obtain a bacteria-enzyme composite preparation;

[0078] (5) Mix the bacteria-enzyme composite preparation and the mixed material, and adjust the water content to 55% to obtain a fermentation material;

[0079] (6) Stack the fermentation material into a fermentation stack with a width of 2.5 m and a height of 0.8 m, place it for 4 d, and turn the stack once every 8 h during the placement period;

[0080] (7) Cover the fermentation stack with a plastic film and cover the plastic film with a straw mat, and ferment continuously for 28 d, turning the stack once every 4 d until the fermentation is completed to obtain the organic fertilizer.

[0081] Note: In this example, the effective viable count of bacteria in the composite bacteria agent is 1.6×10 11 cfu / g, and the composite bacteria agent includes Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus, yeast, Lactobacillus bulgaricus, and Trichoderma viride with an effective viable count ratio of 4:5:2:3:0.8;

[0082] The composite enzyme comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5 parts of laccase solution, 6 parts of xylanase solution, 10 parts of pectinase solution, 8 parts of cellulase solution, and 16 parts of lignin peroxidase solution.

[0083] The enzyme activity in the laccase solution, xylanase solution, pectinase solution, cellulase solution, and lignin peroxidase solution is 80,000 U / mL.

[0084] Example 3

[0085] A method for preparing organic fertilizer by mixing straw and livestock manure for low-temperature fermentation, comprising the following steps:

[0086] (1) Prepare raw materials according to the mass ratio of 65 parts of corn straw, 30 parts of cow dung, 1.5 parts of rice husk, 2.5 parts of waste mushroom sticks, 0.3 part of composite bacteria agent, 0.5 part of composite enzyme, 0.9 part of urea, 0.4 part of humic acid, and 0.25 part of trehalose, and set aside;

[0087] (2) Dry the cow dung at 75 °C for 50 min, then crush it to a particle size of ≤0.6 cm, crush the corn straw to ≤2 cm, and then mix the cow dung, corn straw, and urea to obtain a mixed crushed material;

[0088] (3) Dissolve the humic acid and trehalose in water, and mix them with the mixed crushed material to obtain a mixed material;

[0089] (4) Dry the waste mushroom sticks at 75 °C for 20 min, then crush them to a particle size of ≤0.5 cm, then mix them with rice husk and the composite bacteria agent, adjust the water content to 70%, culture at 32 °C for 20 h, and then mix with the composite enzyme to obtain a bacteria-enzyme composite preparation;

[0090] (5) Mix the bacteria-enzyme composite preparation and the mixed material, and adjust the water content to 60% to obtain a fermentation material;

[0091] (6) Stack the fermentation material into a fermentation stack with a width of 2 m and a height of 1 m, place it for 3 d, and turn the stack once every 10 h during the placement period;

[0092] (7) Cover the fermentation stack with a plastic film, cover the plastic film with a straw mat, ferment continuously for 21 d, turn the stack once every 5 d until the fermentation is completed to obtain the organic fertilizer.

[0093] Note: In this example, the effective viable count of bacteria in the composite bacteria agent is 1.4×10 11 cfu / g, and the composite bacteria agent includes Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus, yeast, Lactobacillus bulgaricus, and Trichoderma viride with an effective viable count ratio of 5:4:2.5:2.5:0.7;

[0094] The composite enzyme comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 7 parts of laccase solution, 8 parts of xylanase solution, 8 parts of pectinase solution, 9 parts of cellulase solution, and 14 parts of lignin peroxidase solution.

[0095] The enzyme activity in the laccase solution, xylanase solution, pectinase solution, cellulase solution, and lignin peroxidase solution is 70,000 U / mL.

[0096] Comparative Example 1

[0097] No composite enzyme is used, and the types, proportions, and preparation methods of the remaining raw materials are the same as those in Example 3.

[0098] Comparative Example 2

[0099] The "Fermentation King" EM bacteria original powder of Shandong Junde Biotechnology Co., Ltd. commercially available is used to replace the composite bacterial agent and the composite enzyme. The specific dosage is referred to the product instruction manual, and the types, proportions, and preparation methods of the remaining raw materials are the same as those in Example 3.

[0100] Comparative Example 3

[0101] No waste mushroom sticks and rice husks are used. During preparation, the composite bacterial agent is directly mixed with the mixture prepared in step (3), and the types, proportions, and preparation methods of the remaining raw materials are the same as those in Example 3.

[0102] Test Example

[0103] 1. Test design: The test of the present invention is divided into 9 test groups, numbered as test groups 1-6 and control groups 1-3 respectively. The specific operations of each group are as follows:

[0104] The test groups 1-3 and the control groups 1-3 start the test on October 4. During the test period, the lowest night temperature is 3.1 °C, and the highest day temperature is 16.9 °C.

[0105] The test group 1 uses the scheme of Example 1 to prepare the organic fertilizer;

[0106] The test group 2 uses the scheme of Example 2 to prepare the organic fertilizer;

[0107] The test group 3 uses the scheme of Example 3 to prepare the organic fertilizer;

[0108] The control group 1 uses the scheme of Comparative Example 1 to prepare the organic fertilizer;

[0109] The control group 2 uses the scheme of Comparative Example 2 to prepare the organic fertilizer;

[0110] The control group 3 uses the scheme of Comparative Example 3 to prepare the organic fertilizer.

[0111] The experiment groups 4 to 6 started the experiment on May 4th. During the experiment, the lowest night temperature was 14.7 °C and the highest day temperature was 28.3 °C.

[0112] Experiment group 4 used the scheme of Example 1 to prepare the organic fertilizer;

[0113] Experiment group 5 used the scheme of Example 2 to prepare the organic fertilizer;

[0114] Experiment group 6 used the scheme of Example 3 to prepare the organic fertilizer.

[0115] 2. Result statistics

[0116] Before the start of fermentation, the total weight of the materials in each group was measured (the water added during the process of adjusting the water content was not included). After the fermentation ended, the total weight of the materials in each group was measured, the weight loss rate was calculated, and the decomposition effects of the schemes of different groups were analyzed. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0117] Table 1

[0118] Group Initial weight (kg) Weight after completion (kg) Weight loss rate (%) Experimental group 1 7500 4009.4 46.54 Experimental group 2 7500 4042.0 46.11 Experimental group 3 7500 3999.3 46.68 Experimental group 4 7500 3789.7 49.47 Experimental group 5 7500 3873.4 48.35 Experimental group 6 7500 3790.5 49.46 Control group 1 7500 5374.9 28.33 Control group 2 7500 6536.7 12.84 Control group 3 7500 4797.1 36.04

[0119] Result analysis: The enzyme-bacteria complex preparation provided by the present invention can efficiently degrade straw and livestock manure under normal temperature and low temperature environments, effectively overcome the environmental limitations in cold regions, realize the efficient preparation of organic fertilizers, and the fermentation efficiency under low temperature environment is close to that under normal temperature.

[0120] The method of control group 1 lacked the cooperation of enzymes, resulting in incomplete decomposition of straw and the like, which affected the overall fermentation efficiency; control group 2 used a commercially available fermentation product, which had excellent use effects under normal temperature, but was greatly limited in use under low temperature conditions; the bacteria and enzymes in control group 3 lacked negative carriers, although they could exert their effects, but the overall fermentation effect was not as good as that of the experiment groups.

[0121] As can be seen from the above examples, the present invention provides an organic fertilizer for the co-fermentation of straw and livestock manure and a preparation method thereof, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60 - 75 parts of straw, 20 - 35 parts of livestock manure, 1 - 2 parts of rice husks, 2 - 3 parts of waste mushroom sticks, 0.2 - 0.5 part of compound bacteria agent, 0.4 - 0.6 part of compound enzyme, 0.8 - 1 part of urea, 0.3 - 0.5 part of humic acid, 0.2 - 0.3 part of trehalose. The organic fertilizer of the present invention can be prepared under relatively low temperature conditions. Through the cooperation of bacteria and enzymes, straw and livestock manure are jointly treated, effectively improving the fermentation efficiency. At the same time, by using humic acid and trehalose, the low temperature treatment ability of bacteria and enzymes is improved. Using rice husks and waste mushroom sticks as carriers of bacteria and enzymes improves the uniformity of bacteria and enzymes and also improves the treatment efficiency.

[0122] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can be made, and these improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An organic fertilizer obtained by mixed fermentation of straw and livestock manure, characterized in that, Prepared from raw materials including the following parts by weight: 60 - 75 parts of straw, 20 - 35 parts of livestock and poultry manure, 1 - 2 parts of rice husk, 2 - 3 parts of waste mushroom sticks, 0.2 - 0.5 parts of compound bacterial agent, 0.4 - 0.6 parts of compound enzyme, 0.8 - 1 part of urea, 0.3 - 0.5 parts of humic acid, 0.2 - 0.3 parts of trehalose.

2. The organic fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein The straw is corn straw or rice straw, and the livestock and poultry manure is cow dung, sheep dung or pig dung.

3. The organic fertilizer according to claim 2, characterized in that, The effective viable count of bacteria in the compound bacterial agent is 1.2 - 1.6×10 11 cfu / g. The compound bacterial agent includes Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus, yeast, Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Trichoderma viride; The ratio of the effective viable bacteria numbers of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Trichoderma viride is 4 - 6:3 - 5:2 - 3:2 - 3:0.5 - 0.

8.

4. The organic fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The compound enzyme includes raw materials in the following parts by weight: 5 - 9 parts of laccase solution, 6 - 10 parts of xylanase solution, 6 - 10 parts of pectinase solution, 8 - 10 parts of cellulase solution and 12 - 16 parts of lignin peroxidase solution; The enzyme activities in the laccase solution, xylanase solution, pectinase solution, cellulase solution and lignin peroxidase solution are all 60,000 - 80,000 U / mL.

5. The preparation method of the organic fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, Including the following steps: (1) Dry and crush the livestock and poultry manure, and then mix it with the straw and urea to obtain a mixed crushed material; (2) Dissolve the humic acid and trehalose in water, and mix them with the mixed crushed material to obtain a mixed material; (3) Dry and crush the waste mushroom sticks, and then mix them with the rice husk and the compound bacterial agent, adjust the water content and then culture, and then mix with the compound enzyme to obtain a bacterial enzyme composite preparation; (4) Mix the bacterial enzyme composite preparation and the mixed material, adjust the water content to obtain a fermented material, and obtain the organic fertilizer after fermentation.

6. The preparation method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The method for drying the livestock and poultry manure in step (1) is: dry the livestock and poultry manure at 70 - 80 °C for 40 - 60 min, and the particle size of the crushed livestock and poultry manure ≤ 0.6 cm; The straw is crushed before mixing in step (1), and the length after crushing ≤ 2 cm.

7. The preparation method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The method for drying the waste mushroom sticks in step (3) is: dry the waste mushroom sticks at 70 - 80 °C for 15 - 25 min, and the particle size of the crushed waste mushroom sticks ≤ 0.5 cm; The adjusted water content in step (3) is 65 - 75%, the culture temperature is 30 - 34 °C, and the culture time is 16 - 24 h.

8. The preparation method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The water content in the fermented material in step (4) is 55 - 65%.

9. The preparation method according to any one of claims 5 to 8, characterized in that, The method for fermentation in step (4) is: A. Stack the fermented material into a fermentation stack and place it for 2 - 4 d; B. Cover the fermentation stack with a shelter and ferment continuously until fermentation is completed.

10. The preparation method according to claim 9, characterized in that, In step A, the width of the fermentation stack is 1.5 - 2.5 m, the height is 0.8 - 1.2 m, and it is turned over every 8 - 12 h during placement; In step B, the shelter is a plastic film and a straw mat, the continuous fermentation time is 7 - 30 d, and it is turned over every 4 - 6 d during the continuous fermentation process.