Preparation method of ether compound, electrolyte, battery and electric device

Abstract

The invention provides a preparation method of an ether compound, an electrolyte, a battery and a power utilization device. The preparation method comprises the following steps: carrying out substitution reaction on a dihydric alcohol compound and an alkaline substance in an organic solvent to obtain an intermediate; and carrying out alkylation reaction on the intermediate and an alkylation reagent to obtain the ether compound. The preparation process of the ether compound provided by the invention is simple, the raw materials are easy to obtain, the cost is low, the yield and the purity of the ether compound can be improved, and then the prepared ether compound is applied to an electrolyte, so that the cycling stability of a secondary battery can be effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of lithium batteries, and particularly to a method for preparing an ether compound, an electrolyte, a battery, and an electrical device using the same. Background Art

[0002] Due to their low viscosity and high ionic conductivity, ether compounds can be used as organic solvents in secondary battery electrolytes. However, the complex preparation process, expensive raw materials, and harsh storage conditions of traditional ether compounds limit their applications. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present application is made in view of the above problems, and its object is to provide a method for preparing an ether compound, an electrolyte, a battery, and an electrical device using the same, so that the preparation process of the ether compound is simple, the raw materials are easily available, the cost is low, the yield and purity of the ether compound can be improved, and further, when the prepared ether compound is applied to the electrolyte, the cycle stability of the secondary battery can be effectively improved.

[0004] To achieve the above object, in a first aspect, the present application provides a method for preparing an ether compound, comprising the following steps:

[0005] Performing a substitution reaction on a diol compound represented by formula I and a basic substance in an organic solvent to obtain an intermediate;

[0006] Performing an alkylation reaction on the intermediate and an alkylating agent to obtain an ether compound represented by formula II;

[0007]

[0008]

[0009] Wherein, R1 to R4 are each independently selected from hydrogen, an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, and R5 is an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.

[0010] In the technical solution of the present application, by using a diol compound to perform a substitution reaction with a basic substance and then reacting with an alkylating agent to obtain an ether compound. The raw materials are easily available and inexpensive, the preparation process is simple, and at the same time, the product has a high yield and high purity.

[0011] In any embodiment, the diol compound includes at least one of pinacol, ethylene glycol, phenylethylene glycol, 1,2-propanediol, 1-phenyl-1,2-propanediol, 1,2-diphenylethane-1,2-diol, 2,3-diphenylbutane-2,3-diol, 3,4-diethyl-3,4-hexanediol, 4,5-dihydroxy-4,5-dipropyloctane, 5,6-dibutyldecene-5,6-diol. The above raw materials are easily available, which is beneficial to controlling the production cost.

[0012] In any embodiment, the basic substance includes inorganic basic substances; optionally, the inorganic basic substances include at least one of sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, potassium hydride, and sodium hydride. The inorganic basic substance can react with the diol compound in an organic solvent, causing the diol compound to lose the hydrogen on the hydroxyl group to obtain a nucleophilic reagent intermediate. Using inorganic basic substances can avoid introducing too many miscellaneous elements into the system.

[0013] In any embodiment, the organic solvent includes at least one of tetrahydrofuran, benzene, toluene, xylene, acetonitrile, N,N-dimethylformamide, n-hexane, and cyclohexane. The above organic solvents have good solvent properties and can be well miscible with the reaction raw materials such as diol compounds, basic substances, and alkylating reagents, increasing the chance of contact between the reaction materials and promoting the rapid progress of the reaction.

[0014] In any embodiment, the reaction temperature of the substitution reaction is 50 - 120 °C, and the reaction time is 3 - 12 h; under appropriate reaction temperature and appropriate reaction time, it is beneficial to improve the conversion rate and yield of the substitution reaction. Optionally, the reaction temperature of the substitution reaction is 60 - 100 °C, and the reaction time is 4 - 10 h. At this reaction temperature and reaction time, it is more beneficial to improve the conversion rate and yield of the substitution reaction.

[0015] In any embodiment, the molar ratio of the diol compound to the basic substance is 1:(2.5 - 4); when the molar ratio of the diol compound to the basic substance is within a suitable range, it is beneficial to improve the conversion rate and yield of the substitution reaction. Optionally, the molar ratio of the diol compound to the basic substance is 1:(3.2 - 3.8). Within this suitable range, it is more beneficial to improve the conversion rate and yield of the substitution reaction.

[0016] In any embodiment, the mass ratio of the organic solvent to the diol compound is (1 - 10):1; when the mass ratio of the organic solvent to the diol compound is within a suitable range, it can increase the chance of contact between the reaction materials and promote the rapid progress of the reaction. Optionally, the mass ratio of the organic solvent to the diol compound is (2 - 8):1. At this mass ratio, it is more beneficial to increase the chance of contact between the reaction materials and promote the rapid progress of the reaction.

[0017] In any embodiment, the alkylating agent includes haloalkanes; selecting a suitable alkylating agent is beneficial to reducing the occurrence of side reactions and facilitating the alkylation reaction. Optionally, the haloalkane includes at least one of methyl iodide, ethyl bromide, ethyl iodide, butyl chloride, butyl bromide, propyl bromide, and hexyl bromide. These alkylating agents are more beneficial to reducing the occurrence of side reactions and facilitating the alkylation reaction.

[0018] In any embodiment, the molar ratio of the alkylating agent to the diol compound is (2.5 to 4):1; the molar ratio within a suitable range is beneficial to improving the conversion rate and yield of the alkylation reaction. Optionally, the molar ratio of the alkylating agent to the diol compound is (3.2 to 3.8):1. Within this range, the conversion rate and yield of the alkylation reaction are better.

[0019] In any embodiment, the reaction temperature of the alkylation reaction is 50 to 90 °C, and the reaction time is 4 to 8 h; suitable reaction temperature and reaction time are beneficial to improving the conversion rate and yield of the alkylation reaction. Optionally, the reaction temperature of the alkylation reaction is 60 to 80 °C, and the reaction time is 5 to 7 h. Within this range, the conversion rate and yield of the alkylation reaction are better.

[0020] In any embodiment, the alkylation reaction is carried out under the action of a catalyst, and the catalyst includes a weak base salt; the weak base salt can make the reaction system of the alkylation reaction an alkaline environment, which is beneficial to the occurrence of the alkylation reaction. Optionally, the catalyst includes at least one of sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, and sodium bicarbonate. Selecting a carbonate-based weak base salt as the catalyst for the alkylation reaction, on the one hand, its water absorption performance is beneficial to promoting the forward progress of the alkylation reaction, and on the other hand, it can also avoid the introduction of other impurity elements.

[0021] In any embodiment, the molar ratio of the catalyst to the diol compound is (0.2 to 0.6):1; the molar ratio of the catalyst to the diol compound within a suitable range is beneficial to increasing the reaction rate and improving the reaction selectivity. Optionally, the molar ratio of the catalyst to the diol compound is (0.2 to 0.4):1, and within this range, it is more beneficial to increasing the reaction rate and improving the reaction selectivity.

[0022] In a second aspect, the present invention provides an electrolyte, including the ether compound prepared according to the first aspect of the present invention.

[0023] By applying the ether compound prepared according to the first aspect of the present invention to the electrolyte, it is beneficial to improving the cycle stability of the battery.

[0024] In any embodiment, the electrolyte further includes an organic solvent. Selecting a suitable organic solvent is beneficial to dissolving the electrolyte salt. Optionally, the organic solvent includes at least one of diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, triethylene glycol dimethyl ether, tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether, 1,3-dioxolane, tetrahydrofuran, methyltetrahydrofuran, diphenyl ether, and crown ether.

[0025] In any embodiment, the volume ratio of the ether compound to the organic solvent is 1:(1 - 7); controlling the volume ratio of the ether compound to the organic solvent within a suitable range is beneficial to improving the cycle stability of the battery. Optionally, the volume ratio of the ether compound to the organic solvent is 1:(3 - 5). Within this range, the cycle stability of the battery is better.

[0026] In a third aspect, the present invention provides a battery, including: a positive electrode sheet, a negative electrode sheet, a separator, and the electrolyte provided in the second aspect of the present invention.

[0027] In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides an electrical device, and the electrical device includes the battery in the third aspect. Description of the Drawings

[0028] Figure 1 is the gas phase mass spectrum of the ether compound prepared in Example 3 of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 is the gas chromatogram of the ether compound prepared in Example 3 of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 is the 1H spectrum of the ether compound prepared in Example 3 of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 is the 13C spectrum of the ether compound prepared in Example 3 of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a secondary battery according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Figure 6 is Figure 5 the exploded view of the secondary battery according to an embodiment of the present application shown;

[0034] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Figure 9 is Figure 8 the exploded view of the battery pack according to an embodiment of the present application shown;

[0037] Figure 10 It is a schematic diagram of an electrical device using a secondary battery as a power source according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0038] Explanation of reference numerals:

[0039] 1 Battery pack; 2 Upper box body; 3 Lower box body; 4 Battery module; 5 Secondary battery; 51 Housing; 52 Electrode assembly; 53 Top cover assembly. Specific embodiments

[0040] Hereinafter, embodiments of the preparation method, electrolyte, battery, and electrical device of the ether compound of the present application specifically disclosed will be described in detail with appropriate reference to the accompanying drawings. However, there may be cases where unnecessary details are omitted. For example, there may be cases where details of well-known matters are omitted and repeated descriptions of actually identical structures are omitted. This is to avoid the following description from becoming unnecessarily lengthy and to facilitate the understanding of those skilled in the art. In addition, the accompanying drawings and the following description are provided for those skilled in the art to fully understand the present application and are not intended to limit the subject matter recited in the claims.

[0041] The "range" disclosed in the present application is defined in the form of a lower limit and an upper limit. A given range is defined by selecting a lower limit and an upper limit, and the selected lower limit and upper limit define the boundary of a specific range. The range defined in this way can include the end values or not include the end values, and can be combined arbitrarily, that is, any lower limit can be combined with any upper limit to form a range. For example, if ranges of 60 - 120 and 80 - 110 are listed for a specific parameter, it is understood that ranges of 60 - 110 and 80 - 120 are also contemplated. In addition, if the minimum range values 1 and 2 are listed, and if the maximum range values 3, 4, and 5 are listed, then the following ranges are all contemplated: 1 - 3, 1 - 4, 1 - 5, 2 - 3, 2 - 4, and 2 - 5. In the present application, unless otherwise specified, the numerical range "a - b" represents an abbreviated representation of any real number combination between a and b, where a and b are both real numbers. For example, the numerical range "0 - 5" means that all real numbers between "0 - 5" have been fully listed herein, and "0 - 5" is only an abbreviated representation of these numerical combinations. Additionally, when stating that a certain parameter is an integer ≥2, it is equivalent to disclosing that the parameter is, for example, the integer 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, etc.

[0042] If there is no special instruction, all embodiments and optional embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other to form new technical solutions.

[0043] If there is no special instruction, all technical features and optional technical features of the present application can be combined with each other to form new technical solutions.

[0044] Unless otherwise specified, all steps of this application can be carried out sequentially or randomly, preferably sequentially. For example, the method includes steps (a) and (b), indicating that the method may include steps (a) and (b) carried out sequentially, or may also include steps (b) and (a) carried out sequentially. For example, it is mentioned that the method may further include step (c), indicating that step (c) can be added to the method in any order. For example, the method may include steps (a), (b), and (c), or may also include steps (a), (c), and (b), or may also include steps (c), (a), and (b), etc.

[0045] Unless otherwise specified, the terms "comprising" and "including" mentioned in this application are open-ended and can also be closed-ended. For example, the "comprising" and "including" may mean that other components not listed may also be included or comprised, or may only include or comprise the listed components.

[0046] Unless otherwise specified, in this application, the term "or" is inclusive. For example, the phrase "A or B" means "A, B, or both A and B". More specifically, any of the following conditions satisfies the condition "A or B": A is true (or exists) and B is false (or does not exist); A is false (or does not exist) while B is true (or exists); or both A and B are true (or exist).

[0047] Due to their low viscosity and high ionic conductivity, ether compounds can be used as organic solvents in the electrolyte of secondary batteries. However, the complex preparation process, expensive raw materials, and harsh storage conditions of traditional ether compounds limit their applications.

[0048] For example, in the preparation process of traditional ether compounds, an olefin is electrolytically reacted with sodium methoxide in a methanol solution to obtain an ether compound. The olefin raw material used, such as 2,3-dimethyl-2-butene, has a relatively high price, is volatile, and has harsh storage conditions. Moreover, the preparation process is complex, requiring electrolysis equipment, making it difficult to reduce costs, with many reaction by-products, low conversion rate and yield, and it is difficult to industrialize.

[0049] In view of this, this application provides a method for preparing an ether compound, an electrolyte, a battery, and an electrical device.

[0050] In a first aspect, an embodiment of this application provides a method for preparing an ether compound, including the following steps:

[0051] A binary alcohol compound represented by formula I reacts with a basic substance in an organic solvent to undergo a substitution reaction to obtain an intermediate;

[0052] The intermediate reacts with an alkylating agent to undergo an alkylation reaction to obtain an ether compound represented by formula II;

[0053]

[0054] Among them, R1 to R4 are each independently selected from hydrogen, an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, and R5 is an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.

[0055] In this article, the "alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms" refers to a straight-chain or branched-chain hydrocarbon chain group composed only of carbon and hydrogen atoms, without unsaturation in the group, having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and attached to the rest of the molecule through a single bond. Suitable examples include, but are not limited to: methyl (-CH3), ethyl (-CH2CH3), 1-propyl (-CH2CH2CH3), 2-propyl (-CH(CH3)2), 1-butyl (-CH2CH2CH2CH3). Similarly, the "alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms" can refer to a straight-chain or branched-chain hydrocarbon chain group composed only of carbon and hydrogen atoms, without unsaturation in the group, having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and attached to the rest of the molecule through a single bond.

[0056] In this article, the "aryl group" refers to an aromatic hydrocarbon group derived by removing one hydrogen atom from an aromatic ring compound. The aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms refers to an aryl group containing 6 to 12 carbon atoms. Suitable examples include, but are not limited to: phenyl, tolyl, and xylyl.

[0057] In this article, "substituted" means that at least one hydrogen atom of the compound or chemical moiety is replaced by another chemical moiety, and the substituents can each independently be selected from: hydroxyl group, mercapto group, amino group, cyano group, nitro group, aldehyde group, halogen atom, alkenyl group, alkynyl group, aryl group, heteroaryl group, C1-6 alkyl group, C1-6 alkoxy group.

[0058] In this article, "R1 to R4 are each independently selected from" means that the selection of the groups for R1 to R4 is independent of each other and does not affect each other. For example, the selection of the groups for R1, R2, R3, and R4 can be the same or all different.

[0059] To better understand the preparation method of the above ether compounds, the following takes the basic substance as MOH (for example, sodium hydroxide) and the alkylating agent as R5X (X is, for example, iodine) as an example, and is briefly described by a chemical reaction formula. The preparation method of this ether compound mainly includes the following reaction processes:

[0060]

[0061] In the technical solution of this application, after the diol compound reacts with the basic substance by a substitution reaction, and then reacts with the alkylating agent to obtain the ether compound. The raw materials are easily available and inexpensive, the preparation process is simple, and at the same time, the product yield is high and the purity is high.

[0062] In this text, "yield" refers to the ratio of the actual output of the product produced in a chemical reaction to the theoretically calculated output of the product for a unit quantity of raw materials input. That is, yield = actual production amount of the target product / theoretically production amount of the target product × 100%.

[0063] In some embodiments, the diol compound includes at least one of pinacol, ethylene glycol, phenylethylene glycol, 1,2 - propanediol, 1 - phenyl - 1,2 - propanediol, 1,2 - diphenylethane - 1,2 - diol, 2,3 - diphenylbutane - 2,3 - diol, 3,4 - diethyl - 3,4 - hexanediol, 4,5 - dihydroxy - 4,5 - dipropyloctane, 5,6 - dibutyldecene - 5,6 - diol. The above - mentioned raw materials are easily available, which is beneficial to controlling the production cost.

[0064] In some embodiments, the basic substance includes inorganic basic substances; optionally, the inorganic basic substances include at least one of sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, potassium hydride, and sodium hydride. The inorganic basic substance can react with the diol compound in an organic solvent, causing the diol compound to lose the hydrogen on the hydroxyl group to obtain a nucleophilic reagent intermediate. Using inorganic basic substances can avoid introducing too many miscellaneous elements into the system.

[0065] In some embodiments, the organic solvent includes at least one of tetrahydrofuran, benzene, toluene, xylene, acetonitrile, N,N - dimethylformamide, n - hexane, and cyclohexane. The above - mentioned organic solvents have good solvent properties, can be well - miscible with the reaction raw materials such as diol compounds, basic substances, and alkylating reagents, increasing the chance of contact between reaction materials and promoting the rapid progress of the reaction.

[0066] In some embodiments, the reaction temperature of the substitution reaction is 50 - 120 °C, and the reaction time of the substitution reaction is 3 - 12 h; the above reaction conditions are mild. Under the above - suitable reaction temperature and suitable reaction time, it is beneficial to improve the conversion rate and yield of the substitution reaction. The reaction temperature of the substitution reaction can be 50 °C, 60 °C, 70 °C, 80 °C, 90 °C, 100 °C, 110 °C, 120 °C or any value between these values; the reaction time of the substitution reaction is 3 h, 4 h, 5 h, 6 h, 7 h, 8 h, 9 h, 10 h, 11 h, 12 h or any value between these values. Optionally, the reaction temperature of the substitution reaction is 60 - 100 °C, and the reaction time of the substitution reaction is 4 - 10 h. Under this reaction temperature and reaction time, it is more beneficial to improve the conversion rate and yield of the substitution reaction.

[0067] In some embodiments, the molar ratio of the diol compound to the basic substance is 1:(2.5 - 4); when the molar ratio of the diol compound to the basic substance is within this appropriate range, it is beneficial to improve the conversion rate and yield of the substitution reaction. The molar ratio of the diol compound to the basic substance can be 1:2.5, 1:2.6, 1:2.7, 1:2.8, 1:2.9, 1:3, 1:3.1, 1:3.2, 1:3.3, 1:3.4, 1:3.5, 1:3.6, 1:3.7, 1:3.8, 1:3.9, 1:4 or any value between these values. Optionally, the molar ratio of the diol compound to the basic substance is 1:(3.2 - 3.8). Within this appropriate range, it is more beneficial to improve the conversion rate and yield of the substitution reaction.

[0068] In some embodiments, the mass ratio of the organic solvent to the diol compound is (1 - 10):1; when the mass ratio of the organic solvent to the diol compound is within the appropriate range, it can increase the chance of contact between the reaction materials and promote the rapid progress of the reaction. The mass ratio of the organic solvent to the diol compound can be 1:1, 2:1, 3:1, 4:1, 5:1, 6:1, 7:1, 8:1, 9:1, 10:1 or any value between these values. Optionally, the mass ratio of the organic solvent to the diol compound is (2 - 8):1. At this mass ratio, it is more beneficial to increase the chance of contact between the reaction materials and promote the rapid progress of the reaction.

[0069] In some embodiments, the alkylating agent includes haloalkane; haloalkane refers to a compound in which a hydrogen atom in an alkane molecule is replaced by a halogen atom; selecting a suitable alkylating agent is beneficial to reduce the occurrence of side reactions and is beneficial to the occurrence of the alkylation reaction. Optionally, the haloalkane includes at least one of methyl iodide, ethyl bromide, ethyl iodide, chlorobutane, bromobutane, bromopropane, bromohexane. These alkylating agents are more beneficial to reduce the occurrence of side reactions and are beneficial to the occurrence of the alkylation reaction.

[0070] In some embodiments, the molar ratio of the alkylating agent to the diol compound is (2.5 - 4):1; when the molar ratio of the two is within the appropriate range, it is beneficial to improve the conversion rate and yield of the alkylation reaction. The molar ratio of the alkylating agent to the diol compound can be 2.5:1, 2.6:1, 2.7:1, 2.8:1, 2.9:1, 3:1, 3.1:1, 3.2:1, 3.3:1, 3.4:1, 3.5:1, 3.6:1, 3.7:1, 3.8:1, 3.9:1, 4:1 or any value between these values. Optionally, the molar ratio of the alkylating agent to the diol compound is (3.2 - 3.8):1. Within this range, the conversion rate and yield of the alkylation reaction are better.

[0071] In some embodiments, the reaction temperature of the alkylation reaction is 50-90 °C, and the reaction time of the alkylation reaction is 4-8 h; at this suitable reaction temperature and reaction time, it is beneficial to improve the conversion rate and yield of the alkylation reaction. The reaction temperature of the alkylation reaction can be 50 °C, 60 °C, 70 °C, 80 °C, 90 °C or any value between these values; the reaction time of the alkylation reaction can be 4 h, 5 h, 6 h, 7 h, 8 h or any value between these values. Optionally, the reaction temperature of the alkylation reaction is 60-80 °C, and the reaction time is 5-7 h. Within this range, the conversion rate and yield of the alkylation reaction are better.

[0072] In some embodiments, the alkylation reaction is carried out under the action of a catalyst, and the catalyst includes a strong base weak acid salt; the strong base weak acid salt can keep the reaction system of the alkylation reaction in an alkaline environment, which is beneficial to the occurrence of the alkylation reaction. Optionally, the catalyst includes at least one of sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, and sodium bicarbonate. Selecting a strong base weak acid salt of carbonate as the catalyst for the alkylation reaction, on the one hand, its water absorption performance is beneficial to promoting the forward progress of the alkylation reaction, and on the other hand, it can also avoid the introduction of other impurity elements.

[0073] In some embodiments, the molar ratio of the catalyst to the diol compound is (0.2-0.6):1; the molar ratio of the catalyst to the diol compound within a suitable range is beneficial to improving the reaction rate and reaction selectivity. The molar ratio of the catalyst to the diol compound can be 0.2:1, 0.3:1, 0.4:1, 0.5:1, 0.6:1 or any value between these values. Optionally, the molar ratio of the catalyst to the diol compound is (0.2-0.4):1, and within this range, it is more beneficial to improve the reaction rate and reaction selectivity.

[0074] In a second aspect, the present invention provides an electrolyte, including an ether compound prepared according to the first aspect of the present invention.

[0075] By applying the ether compound prepared according to the first aspect of the present invention to the electrolyte, it is beneficial to improve the cycle stability of the battery.

[0076] In some embodiments, the electrolyte further includes an organic solvent. Selecting a suitable organic solvent is beneficial to dissolving the electrolyte salt. Optionally, the organic solvent includes at least one of diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, triethylene glycol dimethyl ether, tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether, 1,3-dioxolane, tetrahydrofuran, methyltetrahydrofuran, diphenyl ether, and crown ether.

[0077] In some embodiments, the volume ratio of the ether compound to the organic solvent is 1:(1-7); controlling the volume ratio of the ether compound to the organic solvent within a suitable range is beneficial to improving the cycle stability of the battery. The volume ratio of the ether compound to the organic solvent can be 1:1, 2:1, 3:1, 4:1, 5:1, 6:1, 7:1 or any value between these values. Optionally, the volume ratio of the ether compound to the organic solvent is 1:(3-5). Within this range, the cycle stability of the battery is better.

[0078] In a third aspect, the present invention provides a battery, comprising: a positive electrode sheet, a negative electrode sheet, a separator, and the electrolyte provided by the second aspect of the present invention.

[0079] In any embodiment, the battery is a primary battery or a secondary battery.

[0080] Generally, a secondary battery includes a positive electrode sheet, a negative electrode sheet, an electrolyte, and a separator. During the charge and discharge process of the battery, active ions are embedded and extracted back and forth between the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet. The electrolyte plays a role in conducting ions between the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet. The separator is disposed between the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet, mainly serving to prevent short circuit between the positive and negative electrodes, and at the same time allowing ions to pass through.

[0081] The positive electrode sheet includes a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode film layer provided on at least one surface of the positive electrode current collector, and the positive electrode film layer includes a positive electrode active material.

[0082] As an example, the positive electrode current collector has two surfaces opposite to each other in its own thickness direction, and the positive electrode film layer is provided on any one or both of the two opposite surfaces of the positive electrode current collector.

[0083] In some embodiments, the positive electrode current collector can be a metal foil or a composite current collector. For example, as the metal foil, aluminum foil can be used. The composite current collector can include a polymer material base layer and a metal layer formed on at least one surface of the polymer material base layer. The composite current collector can be formed by forming a metal material (such as aluminum, aluminum alloy, nickel, nickel alloy, titanium, titanium alloy, silver, and silver alloy, etc.) on a polymer material substrate (such as a substrate of polypropylene (PP), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polystyrene (PS), polyethylene (PE), etc.).

[0084] In some embodiments, when the secondary battery is a sodium ion battery, the positive electrode active material can further include positive electrode active materials well-known in the art for sodium ion batteries. For example, the positive electrode active material is selected from one or more of layered transition metal oxides, polyanion compounds, and Prussian blue analogs.

[0085] In layered transition metal oxides, the transition metal can be at least one of Mn, Fe, Ni, Co, Cr, Cu, Ti, Zn, V, Zr, and Ce. The layered transition metal oxide is, for example, Na x MO2, where M is one or more of Ti, V, Mn, Co, Ni, Fe, Cr, and Cu, and 0 < x ≤ 1.

[0086] The polyanion compound can be a class of compounds having sodium ions, transition metal ions, and tetrahedral (YO4) n- anion units. The transition metal can be at least one of Mn, Fe, Ni, Co, Cr, Cu, Ti, Zn, V, Zr, and Ce; Y can be at least one of P, S, and Si; and n represents the valence state of (YO4) n- .

[0087] The polyanion compound can also be a class of compounds having sodium ions, transition metal ions, tetrahedral (YO4) n- anion units, and halogen anions. The transition metal can be at least one of Mn, Fe, Ni, Co, Cr, Cu, Ti, Zn, V, Zr, and Ce; Y can be at least one of P, S, and Si, and n represents the valence state of (YO4) n- ; the halogen can be at least one of F, Cl, and Br.

[0088] The polyanion compound can also be a class of compounds having sodium ions, tetrahedral (YO4) n- anion units, polyhedral units (ZO y ) m+ , and optionally halogen anions. Y can be at least one of P, S, and Si, and n represents the valence state of (YO4) n- ; Z represents a transition metal, which can be at least one of Mn, Fe, Ni, Co, Cr, Cu, Ti, Zn, V, Zr, and Ce, and m represents the valence state of (ZO y ) m+ ; the halogen can be at least one of F, Cl, and Br.

[0089] In some embodiments, the polyanion compound is, for example, at least one of NaFePO4, Na3V2(PO4)3, NaM’PO4F (where M’ is one or more of V, Fe, Mn, and Ni), and Na3(VO y )2(PO4)2F 3-2y (0 ≤ y ≤ 1).

[0090] In some embodiments, the Prussian blue analogue can be a compound having sodium ions, transition metal ions, and cyanide ions (CN -a class of compounds. The transition metal can be at least one of Mn, Fe, Ni, Co, Cr, Cu, Ti, Zn, V, Zr, and Ce. The Prussian blue analog is, for example, Na a Me b Me’ c (CN)6, where Me and Me’ are each independently at least one of Ni, Cu, Fe, Mn, Co, and Zn, 0 < a ≤ 2, 0 < b < 1, 0 < c < 1.

[0091] In some embodiments, specific cathode active materials are, for example, NaNi 1 / 3 Fe 1 / 3 Mn 1 / 3 O2, Na4Fe3(PO4)2P2O7, NaFePO4, Na3V2(PO4)3, NaMnFe(CN)6, but there is no particular limitation, so cathode active materials conventionally used in sodium-ion batteries can be selected.

[0092] In some embodiments, the cathode film layer may optionally further include a binder. As an example, the binder may include at least one of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), vinylidene fluoride-tetrafluoroethylene-propylene terpolymer, vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene-tetrafluoroethylene terpolymer, tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene copolymer, and fluorinated acrylate resin.

[0093] In some embodiments, the cathode film layer may optionally further include a conductive agent. As an example, the conductive agent may include at least one of superconducting carbon, acetylene black, carbon black, Ketjen black, carbon dots, carbon nanotubes, graphene, and carbon nanofibers.

[0094] In some embodiments, the cathode electrode sheet can be prepared by the following method: dispersing the components for preparing the cathode electrode sheet described above, such as the cathode active material, conductive agent, binder, and any other components, in a solvent (such as N-methylpyrrolidone) to form a cathode slurry; coating the cathode slurry on the cathode current collector, and after processes such as drying and cold pressing, the cathode electrode sheet can be obtained.

[0095] The anode electrode sheet includes an anode current collector and an anode film layer provided on at least one surface of the anode current collector, and the anode film layer includes an anode active material.

[0096] As an example, the anode current collector has two surfaces opposite to each other in its own thickness direction, and the anode film layer is provided on either or both of the two opposite surfaces of the anode current collector.

[0097] In some embodiments, the negative electrode current collector may be a metal foil or a composite current collector. For example, as the metal foil, copper foil may be used. The composite current collector may include a polymer material base layer and a metal layer formed on at least one surface of the polymer material substrate. The composite current collector may be formed by forming a metal material (such as copper, copper alloy, nickel, nickel alloy, titanium, titanium alloy, silver, and silver alloy, etc.) on a polymer material substrate (such as a substrate of polypropylene (PP), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polystyrene (PS), polyethylene (PE), etc.).

[0098] In some embodiments, the negative electrode active material may be a negative electrode active material known in the art for use in batteries. As an example, the negative electrode active material may include at least one of the following materials: artificial graphite, natural graphite, soft carbon, hard carbon, silicon-based materials, tin-based materials, and lithium titanate, etc. The silicon-based material may be selected from at least one of elemental silicon, silicon oxide compounds, silicon-carbon composites, silicon-nitrogen composites, and silicon alloys. The tin-based material may be selected from at least one of elemental tin, tin oxide compounds, and tin alloys. However, the present application is not limited to these materials, and other conventional materials that can be used as the negative electrode active material of the battery may also be used. These negative electrode active materials may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

[0099] In some embodiments, the negative electrode film layer may also optionally include a binder. The binder may be selected from at least one of styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), polyacrylic acid (PAA), sodium polyacrylate (PAAS), polyacrylamide (PAM), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), sodium alginate (SA), polymethacrylic acid (PMAA), and carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS).

[0100] In some embodiments, the negative electrode film layer may also optionally include a conductive agent. The conductive agent may be selected from at least one of superconducting carbon, acetylene black, carbon black, Ketjen black, carbon dots, carbon nanotubes, graphene, and carbon nanofibers.

[0101] In some embodiments, the negative electrode film layer may also optionally include other additives, such as thickeners (such as sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-Na)), etc.

[0102] In some embodiments, the negative electrode plate may be prepared by the following method: dispersing the components for preparing the negative electrode plate, such as the negative electrode active material, the conductive agent, the binder, and any other components, in a solvent (such as deionized water) to form a negative electrode slurry; coating the negative electrode slurry on the negative electrode current collector, and after processes such as drying and cold pressing, the negative electrode plate can be obtained.

[0103] The electrolyte functions to conduct ions between the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate. There are no specific restrictions on the type of electrolyte in this application, and it can be selected according to requirements. For example, the electrolyte can be liquid, gel-like, or all-solid-state.

[0104] In some embodiments, the electrolyte uses an electrolytic solution. The electrolytic solution includes the electrolytic solution provided in the second aspect of the present invention. The electrolytic solution includes an electrolyte salt and a solvent.

[0105] In some embodiments, the electrolyte salt can be selected from the group consisting of sodium salts, and the sodium salt electrolyte is selected from at least one of sodium hexafluorophosphate (NaPF6), sodium difluorooxalate borate (NaDFOB), sodium tetrafluoroborate (NaBF4), sodium bis(oxalato)borate (NaBOB), sodium perchlorate, sodium hexafluoroarsenate, sodium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (NaFSI), sodium trifluoromethanesulfonate, and sodium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (NaTFSI).

[0106] In some embodiments, the solvent can be selected from at least one of ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, ethyl methyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, dipropyl carbonate, methyl propyl carbonate, ethyl propyl carbonate, butylene carbonate, fluoroethylene carbonate, methyl formate, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, propyl acetate, methyl propionate, ethyl propionate, propyl propionate, methyl butyrate, ethyl butyrate, 1,4-butyrolactone, sulfolane, dimethyl sulfone, methyl ethyl sulfone, and diethyl sulfone.

[0107] In some embodiments, the electrolytic solution may also optionally include additives. For example, the additives can include negative electrode film-forming additives, positive electrode film-forming additives, and can also include additives that can improve certain battery performances, such as additives for improving the overcharge performance of the battery, additives for improving the high-temperature or low-temperature performance of the battery, etc.

[0108] In some embodiments, the material of the separator base film can be selected from at least one of glass fiber, non-woven fabric, polyethylene, polypropylene, and polyvinylidene fluoride. The separator base film can be a single-layer film or a multi-layer composite film, without particular limitation. When the separator base film is a multi-layer composite film, the materials of each layer can be the same or different, without particular limitation.

[0109] In some embodiments, the positive electrode plate, the negative electrode plate, and the separator can be made into an electrode assembly by a winding process or a stacking process.

[0110] In some embodiments, the secondary battery can include an outer package. The outer package can be used to encapsulate the above electrode assembly and electrolyte.

[0111] In some embodiments, the outer packaging of the secondary battery can be a hard shell, such as a hard plastic shell, an aluminum shell, a steel shell, etc. The outer packaging of the secondary battery can also be a soft package, such as a pouch-type soft package. The material of the soft package can be plastic, and examples of the plastic include polypropylene, polybutylene terephthalate, and polybutylene succinate.

[0112] This application does not particularly limit the shape of the secondary battery, which can be cylindrical, square, or any other arbitrary shape. For example, Figure 5 is a secondary battery 5 with a square structure as an example.

[0113] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 6 , the outer packaging can include a housing 51 and a cover plate 53. Among them, the housing 51 can include a bottom plate and side plates connected to the bottom plate, and the bottom plate and the side plates enclose to form a receiving cavity. The housing 51 has an opening communicating with the receiving cavity, and the cover plate 53 can be covered on the opening to close the receiving cavity. The positive electrode plate, the negative electrode plate, and the separator can be formed into an electrode assembly 52 through a winding process or a stacking process. The electrode assembly 52 is encapsulated in the receiving cavity. The electrolyte is infiltrated in the electrode assembly 52. The number of electrode assemblies 52 contained in the secondary battery 5 can be one or more, and those skilled in the art can select according to specific actual needs.

[0114] In some embodiments, the secondary batteries can be assembled into a battery module, and the number of secondary batteries contained in the battery module can be one or more. The specific number can be selected by those skilled in the art according to the application and capacity of the battery module.

[0115] Figure 7 is a battery module 4 as an example. Referring to Figure 7 , in the battery module 4, a plurality of secondary batteries 5 can be arranged in sequence along the length direction of the battery module 4. Of course, they can also be arranged in any other arbitrary manner. Further, the plurality of secondary batteries 5 can be fixed by fasteners.

[0116] Optionally, the battery module 4 can further include a housing with a receiving space, and a plurality of secondary batteries 5 are accommodated in the receiving space.

[0117] In some embodiments, the above battery module can also be assembled into a battery pack, and the number of battery modules contained in the battery pack can be one or more. The specific number can be selected by those skilled in the art according to the application and capacity of the battery pack.

[0118] Figure 8 and Figure 9 is a battery pack 1 as an example. Referring to Figure 8 and Figure 9, a battery pack 1 may include a battery box and a plurality of battery modules 4 disposed in the battery box. The battery box includes an upper box body 2 and a lower box body 3. The upper box body 2 can be covered on the lower box body 3 to form a closed space for accommodating the battery modules 4. The plurality of battery modules 4 can be arranged in the battery box in any manner.

[0119] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an electrical device including the battery of the third aspect of the present application.

[0120] In addition, the present application further provides an electrical device, which includes at least one of the secondary battery, battery module, or battery pack provided by the present application. The secondary battery, battery module, or battery pack can be used as the power source of the electrical device or as the energy storage unit of the electrical device. The electrical device may include mobile devices (such as mobile phones, laptops, etc.), electric vehicles (such as pure electric vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles, plug-in hybrid electric vehicles, electric bicycles, electric scooters, electric golf carts, electric trucks, etc.), electric trains, ships, satellites, energy storage systems, etc., but is not limited thereto.

[0121] As the electrical device, the secondary battery, battery module, or battery pack can be selected according to its usage requirements.

[0122] Figure 10 is an electrical device as an example. The electrical device is a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid electric vehicle, or a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle, etc. To meet the high power and high energy density requirements of the electrical device for the secondary battery, a battery pack or a battery module can be used.

[0123] As another example of the device, it can be a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a laptop computer, etc. This device usually requires being thin and light, and a secondary battery can be used as the power source.

[0124] Embodiment

[0125] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present application will be described. The embodiments described below are exemplary and are only used to explain the present application and should not be construed as a limitation to the present application. For those not specified in the embodiments regarding specific technologies or conditions, they shall be carried out according to the technologies or conditions described in the literature in the art or according to the product specifications. For the reagents or instruments not specified in the manufacturer, they are all conventional products that can be obtained through commercial purchase.

[0126] Embodiment 1

[0127] Add 140.3 g (2.5 mol) of potassium hydroxide and 100 ml of tetrahydrofuran to a 1 L four-necked flask. Slowly add 118.2 g (1.0 mol) of pinacol to the four-necked flask using a dropping funnel to obtain a mixed solution. Stir the mixed solution at 70 °C for 6 h. After cooling the temperature of the mixed solution to 50 °C, add 27.6 g (0.2 mol) of potassium carbonate and slowly add 354.8 g (2.5 mol) of methyl iodide. The above mixed solution is continuously stirred at 70 °C for 6 h. Cool to room temperature, and the mixed solution is filtered, extracted with 200 ml of dichloromethane, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, and purified by distillation to obtain 111 g of product.

[0128] The preparation process of Examples 2 - 31 is similar to that of Example 1. For the differences, please refer to the parameters in Table 1.

[0129] Comparative Example 1

[0130] Add 84.16 g (1 mol) of 2,3-dimethyl-2-butene to a 250 ml beaker. Slowly add 108.05 g (2 mol) of sodium methoxide at an ice bath temperature of 2 - 8 °C, and mix and stir for 2 h. Then, place it in an electrolytic cell with positive and negative electrodes and continue the reaction at 60 °C for 12 h. Finally, cool to room temperature, filter the mixed solution, extract with 200 ml of dichloromethane, rotary evaporate, dry over anhydrous sodium sulfate, and purify by distillation to obtain 98.4 g of product.

[0131]

[0132]

[0133] It can be seen from Examples 1 to 31 and Comparative Example 1 that compared with the traditional preparation method of electrolytic reaction of olefins and sodium methoxide in methanol solution, in this application, after the binary alcohol compound reacts with the basic substance by substitution reaction and then reacts with the alkylating agent to obtain the ether compound, the raw materials are easily available and cheap, the preparation process is simple, and there is no need to use electrolytic equipment.

[0134] It can be seen from Table 1 that the products prepared by the preparation methods of Examples 1 to 31 all have good yields and high purities. Compared with Comparative Example 1, the products prepared by the preparation methods provided in this application in Examples 1 - 25, 28 - 29, and 31 have higher yields and higher purities for the same product.

[0135] It can be seen from Examples 1 - 7 that when the molar ratio of the binary alcohol compound to the basic substance is 1:

[0136] (2.5 - 4); the yields and purities of the products prepared are relatively high. When the amount of the basic substance is too small, the yields and purities of the products decrease. When the amount of the basic substance is too large, the yields and purities of the products cannot be further improved.

[0137] As can be seen from Examples 3 and 8-9, when the mass ratio of the organic solvent to the diol compound is (1-10):1, the yield and purity of the prepared product are both relatively high.

[0138] As can be seen from Examples 10-11, when the reaction temperature of the substitution reaction is 50-120 °C, the yield and purity of the prepared product are both relatively high. As can be seen from Examples 12-13, when the reaction time of the substitution reaction is 3-12 h, the yield and purity of the prepared product are both relatively high.

[0139] As can be seen from Examples 14-19, when the molar ratio of the alkylating agent to the diol compound is (2.5-4):1, the yield and purity of the prepared product are relatively high. When the alkylating agent is too little, the yield and purity of the product will decrease. When the alkylating agent is too much, the yield and purity of the product cannot be further improved.

[0140] As can be seen from Examples 3 and 20-21, when the molar ratio of the catalyst to the diol compound is (0.2-0.6):1, the yield and purity of the prepared product are both relatively high.

[0141] As can be seen from Examples 22-23, when the reaction temperature of the alkylation reaction is 50-90 °C, the yield and purity of the prepared product are both relatively high. As can be seen from Examples 24-25, when the reaction time of the substitution reaction is 4-8 h, the yield and purity of the prepared product are both relatively high.

[0142] As can be seen from Examples 26-31, the yield and purity of the ether compound products prepared in this application through substitution reactions and alkylation reactions with different raw materials are both relatively high.

[0143] The product prepared in Example 3 was characterized by mass spectrometry. As Figure 1 shown is the mass spectrum of the product prepared in Example 3. The analysis results are shown in Table 2. The values at the positions of the ion peaks in Table 2 represent the mass-to-charge ratio. The product prepared in Example 3 was characterized by gas chromatography. As Figure 2 shown. The product prepared in Example 3 was analyzed by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Figure 3 This is the 1H spectrum of the product prepared in Example 3. Figure 4 This is the 13C spectrum of the product prepared in Example 3. From Figure 3 it can be known that the position of H can be determined as 1 H NMR δ(ppm): 1.08 (12H, -CH3), 3.15 (6H, -O-CH3). From Figure 4 it can be known that the position of C can be determined as 1313C NMR δ (ppm): 19.44 (4C, -CH3), 49.62 (2C, -O-CH3), 79.58 (2C, C).

[0144] Combined with the results in Table 2 and Figure 3-4 it can be known that the product prepared in Example 1 is 2,3-dimethoxy-2,3-dimethylbutane, and its structural formula is:

[0145]

[0146] Table 2

[0147]

[0148] Similarly, mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy were used to characterize the products prepared in Examples 26, 27, and 30. The results show that the structural formulas of the products prepared in Examples 26, 27, and 30 are as follows:

[0149] Structural formula of the product prepared in Example 26:

[0150]

[0151] Structural formula of the product prepared in Example 27:

[0152]

[0153] Structural formula of the product prepared in Example 30:

[0154]

[0155] Example 32

[0156] Preparation of a secondary battery with an electrolyte for a sodium-ion secondary battery

[0157] 1. Preparation of an electrolyte for a sodium-ion secondary battery

[0158] In an argon atmosphere glove box (H2O < 0.1 ppm, O2 < 0.1 ppm), at 25 °C, 2,3-dimethoxy-2,3-dimethylbutane provided in Example 1 and tetrahydrofuran were first mixed at a volume ratio of 1:8, and then sodium hexafluorophosphate was dissolved in the above solvent and stirred evenly to obtain an electrolyte with a sodium salt concentration of 1.0 mol / L.

[0159] 2. Preparation of a secondary battery

[0160] Preparation of a positive electrode sheet

[0161] Dissolve 10 wt% polyvinylidene fluoride binder fully in N-methylpyrrolidone, add 10 wt% carbon black conductive agent and 80 wt% sodium nickel iron copper manganese oxide cathode active material to make a uniformly dispersed slurry. Coat the slurry evenly on the surface of aluminum foil, and then transfer it to a vacuum drying oven to be completely dried. Roll press the obtained electrode sheet, and then punch it to obtain the positive electrode sheet.

[0162] Preparation of negative electrode sheet

[0163] Add 4 wt% carbon nanotube material and 1.6 wt% polymer binder sodium carboxymethyl cellulose to water and stir into a uniform slurry. Coat the slurry on the surface of copper foil, then transfer it to a vacuum drying oven to be completely dried, and then punch it to obtain the negative electrode sheet.

[0164] The separator membrane uses a polypropylene membrane.

[0165] Stack the above positive electrode sheet, separator membrane, and negative electrode sheet in sequence, with the separator membrane between the positive and negative electrode sheets to play a role in isolation. Obtain a bare battery cell through the stacking process. After installing the battery cell into an aluminum-plastic film packaging shell, inject the above electrolyte, and then perform sealing, standing, hot and cold pressing, formation, etc. in sequence to fabricate a stacked battery.

[0166] Examples 33-37 are similar to Example 32, the difference being that the volume ratio of the ether compound to tetrahydrofuran in the electrolyte is different. For details, please refer to Table 3.

[0167] Comparative Example 2 is similar to Example 32, the difference being that the preparation of the electrolyte is different. Specifically: in a glove box under an argon atmosphere (H2O < 0.1 ppm, O2 < 0.1 ppm), dissolve sodium hexafluorophosphate in tetrahydrofuran at 25 °C and stir evenly to obtain an electrolyte with a sodium salt concentration of 1.0 mol / L.

[0168] The following describes the test process of the sodium-ion battery.

[0169] (1) Cycle performance test of sodium-ion battery

[0170] Charge the sodium-ion secondary battery at a constant current of 1C to 3.65V at 25 °C, then charge it at a constant voltage of 3.65V until the current drops to 0.05C, and then discharge it at a constant current of 1C to 2.0V to obtain the discharge capacity of the first cycle (C1); repeat the charge and discharge in this way until the 400th cycle to obtain the discharge capacity of the sodium-ion secondary battery after 400 cycles, denoted as C400, and calculate the capacity retention rate of the sodium-ion secondary battery according to the following formula:

[0171] Capacity retention rate (%) of sodium-ion battery after 400 cycles = (Discharge capacity C400 of sodium-ion battery after 400 cycles / Discharge capacity C1 of sodium-ion battery in the first cycle) × 100%.

[0172] Table 3 Preparation Parameters and Performance Parameters of Examples 32 - 37

[0173]

[0174] As can be seen from Table 3, the capacity retention rates of the secondary batteries in Examples 32 to 37 after 400 cycles are all above 79%. Compared with Comparative Example 2, using the ether compound provided in Example 1 of the present application as an additive and adding it to the electrolyte can effectively improve the capacity retention rate of the secondary battery after 400 cycles.

[0175] It should be noted that the present application is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments are only examples, and embodiments having the same constitution as the technical idea and achieving the same effect within the technical solution scope of the present application are all included in the technical scope of the present application. In addition, within the scope not departing from the gist of the present application, various modifications that can be conceived by those skilled in the art to the embodiments and other ways constructed by combining some constituent elements of the embodiments are also included in the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for preparing an ether compound, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: A substitution reaction occurs between the diol compound shown in Formula I and a basic substance in an organic solvent to obtain an intermediate; An alkylation reaction occurs between the intermediate and an alkylating agent to obtain an ether compound shown in Formula II; Wherein, R1 to R4 are each independently selected from hydrogen, an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, and R5 is an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.

2. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diol compound includes at least one of pinacol, ethylene glycol, phenylethylene glycol, 1,2 - propanediol, 1 - phenyl - 1,2 - propanediol, 1,2 - diphenylethane - 1,2 - diol, 2,3 - diphenylbutane - 2,3 - butanediol, 3,4 - diethyl - 3,4 - hexanediol, 4,5 - dihydroxy - 4,5 - dipropyloctane, 5,6 - dibutyldecene - 5,6 - diol.

3. The preparation method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The basic substance includes an inorganic basic substance; optionally, the inorganic basic substance includes at least one of sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, potassium hydride, and sodium hydride.

4. The preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The organic solvent includes at least one of tetrahydrofuran, benzene, toluene, xylene, acetonitrile, N,N - dimethylformamide, n - hexane, and cyclohexane.

5. The preparation method according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The reaction temperature of the substitution reaction is 50 to 120 °C, and the reaction time is 3 to 12 h; optionally, the reaction temperature of the substitution reaction is 60 to 100 °C, and the reaction time is 4 to 10 h.

6. The preparation method according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The molar ratio of the diol compound to the basic substance is 1:(2.5 to 4); optionally, the molar ratio of the diol compound to the basic substance is 1:(3.2 to 3.8).

7. The preparation method according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The mass ratio of the organic solvent to the diol compound is (1 to 10):1; optionally, the mass ratio of the organic solvent to the diol compound is (2 to 8):

1.

8. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein, The alkylating agent includes a haloalkane; optionally, the haloalkane includes at least one of methyl iodide, ethyl bromide, ethyl iodide, chlorobutane, bromobutane, bromopropane, and bromohexane.

9. The preparation method according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The molar ratio of the alkylating agent to the diol compound is (2.5 to 4):1; optionally, the molar ratio of the alkylating agent to the diol compound is (3.2 to 3.8):

1.

10. The preparation method according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The reaction temperature of the alkylation reaction is 50 to 90 °C, and the reaction time is 4 to 8 h; optionally, the reaction temperature of the alkylation reaction is 60 to 80 °C, and the reaction time is 5 to 7 h.

11. The preparation method according to any one of claims 1-10, characterized in that, The alkylation reaction is carried out under the action of a catalyst, and the catalyst includes a salt of a strong base and a weak acid; optionally, the catalyst includes at least one of sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, and sodium bicarbonate.

12. According to the preparation method described in claim 11, characterized in that, The molar ratio of the catalyst to the diol compound is (0.2 to 0.6):1; optionally, the molar ratio of the catalyst to the diol compound is (0.2 to 0.4):

1.

13. An electrolyte, characterized in that, It includes an ether compound prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 12.

14. The electrolyte according to claim 13, wherein, The electrolyte further includes an organic solvent, optionally, the organic solvent includes at least one of diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, triethylene glycol dimethyl ether, tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether, 1,3 - dioxolane, tetrahydrofuran, methyltetrahydrofuran, diphenyl ether, and crown ether.

15. The electrolyte according to claim 14, characterized in that, The volume ratio of the ether compound to the organic solvent is 1:(1-7); optionally, the volume ratio of the ether compound to the organic solvent is 1:(3-5).

16. A battery, characterized in that, Comprising: a positive electrode sheet, a negative electrode sheet, a separator, and an electrolyte according to any one of claims 13-15.

17. An electrical device, characterized in that, The electrical device comprises a battery according to claim 16.

Images