1050results about "Ether preparation by ester reactions" patented technology

One aspect of the present invention relates to novel ligands for transition metals. A second aspect of the present invention relates to the use of catalysts comprising these ligands in transition metal-catalyzed carbon-heteroatom and carbon-carbon bond-forming reactions. The subject methods provide improvements in many features of the transition metal-catalyzed reactions, including the range of suitable substrates, reaction conditions, and efficiency.

New ligands and compositions with bridged bis-aromatic ligands are disclosed that catalyze the polymerization of monomers into polymers. These catalysts with metal centers have high performance characteristics, including higher comonomer incorporation into ethylene/olefin copolymers, where such olefins are for example, 1-octene, propylene or styrene. The catalysts also polymerize propylene into isotactic polypropylene.

Methods of treating or suppressing mitochondrial diseases, such as Friedreich's ataxia (FRDA), Leber's Hereditary Optic Neuropathy (LHON), mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactacidosis, stroke (MELAS), or Kearns-Sayre Syndrome (KSS) are disclosed, as well as compounds useful in the methods of the invention. Energy biomarkers useful in assessing the metabolic state of a subject and the efficacy of treatment are also disclosed.

A new class of polyols derived from renewable resources, including polyglycerol and vegetable oils, the use of such polyols in polyurethane foams and cast resins, and methods for making the polyols and polyurethanes are provided.

Ethoxylates and other alkoxylates are made in an efficient manner by reacting an organic bromide with a diol in the presence of a metal oxide. An integrated process of bromide formation, alkoxylate synthesis, metal oxide regeneration, and bromine recycling is also provided.

The present invention provides transition-metal-catalyst-based methods for the arylation and vinylation of activated methyl, methylene, and methine carbons with aryl halides, vinyl halides, and the like. The methods of the invention provide several improvements over existing methods, including the ability to synthesize efficiently and under mild conditions α-aryl and α-vinyl products from a wide range of starting materials, including ketones, esters, hydrazones, and imines. Furthermore, the methods of the invention may be used in an asymmetric sense, i.e. to produce enantiomerically-enriched chiral α-aryl and α-vinyl products.

Aspects of the present invention are directed to novel methods for making discrete polyethylene compounds selectively and specifically to a predetermined number of ethylene oxide units. Methods which can be used to build up larger dPEG compounds (a) containing a wider range of utility to make useful homo- and heterofunctional and branched species, and (b) under reaction configurations and conditions that are milder, more efficient, more diverse in terms of incorporating useful functionality, more controllable, and more versatile then any conventional method reported in the art to date. In addition, the embodiments of the invention allow for processes that allow for significantly improving the ability to purify the intermediates or final product mixtures, making these methods useful for commerial manufacturing dPEGs. Protecting groups and functional groups can be designed to make purification at large scale a practical reality. The novel dPEG products form the compositional and material basis for making other novel compounds of valuable application in the fields of diagnostics and therapeutics, amongst others.

The invention belongs to the technical filed of medicines, and concretely relates to optically pure benzyl-4-chlorophenyl C-glucoside derivatives represented by formula (II) and formula (III), a method for preparing the above compounds and intermediates thereof, a medicinal preparation and a medicinal composition containing the compounds, and an application of the optically pure benzyl-4-chlorophenyl C-glucoside derivatives in the preparation of medicines for treating and/or preventing insulin-dependent diabetes, non-insulin dependent diabetes, insulin resistance diseases or obesity, various diabetes and relevant diseases as a sodium-glucose cotransporter (SGLT) inhibitor.

Bimaleimide resin toughening modifiers and a preparation method thereof are disclosed. The preparation method comprises: taking diallyl bisphenol A as the basis, carrying out etherification reaction by using a series of etherification reagents mainly comprising polyhydric alcohols, epoxy compounds, chlorohydrins, choroethers or the like, and reacting 20 parts by mass of diallyl bisphenol A and 15.0-72.0 parts by mass of the ether reagents, under catalysis of 2.2-8.8 parts by mass of an alkali (or an acid), at 60-150 DEG C for 1-10 h, to obtain a series of novel bimaleimide resin modifiers. The modifiers have good solubilizing and toughening effects on BMI bimaleimide resins without inhibition, and accurate control solidification of the bimaleimide resins is easy to realize in a use process.

The present invention relates to novel Ruthenium catalysts and related borohydride complexes, and the use of such catalysts, inter alia, for (1) hydrogenation of amides (including polyamides) to alcohols and amines; (2) preparing amides from alcohols with amines (including the preparation of polyamides (e.g., polypeptides) by reacting dialcohols and diamines and/or by polymerization of amino alcohols); (3) hydrogenation of esters to alcohols (including hydrogenation of cyclic esters (lactones) or cyclic di-esters (di-lactones) or polyesters); (4) hydrogenation of organic carbonates (including polycarbonates) to alcohols and hydrogenation of carbamates (including polycarbamates) or urea derivatives to alcohols and amines; (5) dehydrogenative coupling of alcohols to esters; (6) hydrogenation of secondary alcohols to ketones; (7) amidation of esters (i.e., synthesis of amides from esters and amines); (8) acylation of alcohols using esters; (9) coupling of alcohols with water to form carboxylic acids; and (10) dehydrogenation of beta-amino alcohols to form pyrazines. The present invention further relates to the novel uses of certain pyridine Ruthenium catalysts.

The problem of the present invention is provision of a method of producing an n+p-mer oligonucleotide efficiently in a high yield, which includes use of, as a starting material, an n-mer oligonucleotide wherein the 3′-terminal hydroxyl group is protected, and the 5′-terminal hydroxyl group is protected by a temporary protecting group, and continuously performing, in a solution, (1) a deprotection step of the 5′-terminal hydroxyl group, (2) a 5′-terminal elongation step by the addition of a p-mer oligonucleotide wherein the 3′-position is phosphoramidited, and (3) an oxidation step or a sulfurization step of a phosphite triester moiety.

It has been found that the above-mentioned problem can be solved by adding a particular cation scavenger during the deprotection step, applying a neutralization treatment after completion of the deprotection reaction, and using a particular oxidizing agent or sulfurizing agent in the oxidation step or sulfurization step.

An improved process for the preparation of vilanterol and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof is disclosed. More specifically the improved process for preparing intermediates for the preparation of vilanterol is disclosed.

Hydrocarbon liquids and olefins can be made from methane with greater efficiency than previously available, by converting methane into methanesulfonic acid (MSA), then converting the MSA into a reactive anhydride called sulfene, H₂C═SO₂. Sulfene will exothermically form ethylene, an olefin. It also can insert methylene groups (—CH₂—) into hydrocarbon liquids, to make heavier and more valuable liquids. Other options are disclosed for improved methods of making MSA (such as by using di(methyl-sulfonyl) peroxide as a radical initiator), for converting MSA into products such as dimethyl ether (DME), and for using DME as a “peak shaving” gas that can be injected into natural gas supply pipelines with no disruptions to end-use burners.

A hydrofluoroether compound comprises two terminal, independently fluoroalkyl or perfluoroalkyl groups and an intervening oxytetrafluoroethylidene moiety (-OCF(CF3)-) bonded through its central carbon atom to an alkoxy- or fluoroalkoxy-substituted fluoromethylene moiety (-CF(OR)-), each of the terminal groups optionally comprising at least one catenated heteroatom.

The invention discloses a method for synchronously preparing hydrofluoroether and fluorine-containing olefine ether. The method for synchronously preparing the hydrofluoroether and the fluorine-containing olefine ether comprises the following steps of making fluorine-containing olefine react with alcohol in a solvent in the presence of a catalyst, and controlling reaction pressure to be 0.2MPa to 1.5MPa through regulating the introduction amount of the fluorine-containing olefine in a reaction process, wherein the molar ratio of the alcohol to the solvent to the catalyst is 1: (0.5 to 3): (0.1 to 1.5), and a reaction temperature is 50 DEG C to 150 DEG C; when the molar ratio of the introduction amount of the fluorine-containing olefine to the alcohol is (1.0 to 1.2): 1, terminating a reaction, and carrying out distillation separation to obtain products of the hydrofluoroether and the fluorine-containing olefine ether respectively. The method for synchronously preparing the hydrofluoroether and the fluorine-containing olefine ether has the advantages of being simple in technique, high in operating flexibility, low in cost, green and environmentally-friendly.

The invention discloses a preparation method of alkyl blocked allyl polyether. The preparation method comprises the following steps: carrying out reaction on alkyl polyether and halogenated propylene under the action of alkali metal hydroxides without solvent to generate the alkyl blocked allyl polyether. The reaction of the preparation method is carried out under ordinary pressure, the reaction temperature is lower than 120 DEG C, and the preparation method has the advantages of high reaction yield and little pollution, and is suitable for production in downstream industry and directly used for next reaction. Compared with the traditional technology, the preparation method simplifies the reaction conditions and saves the cost. The prepared alkyl blocked allyl polyether is suitable for preparing blocked non-ionic surfactant with low surface tension, favorable emulsifying property and favorable nucleation property.

PCT No. PCT/EP95/05139 Sec. 371 Date Aug. 11, 1997 Sec. 102(e) Date Aug. 11, 1997 PCT Filed Dec. 27, 1995 PCT Pub. No. WO96/21636 PCT Pub. Date Jul. 18, 1996A process for the production of end-capped nonionic surfactants corresponding to formula (I): in which R1 is an alkyl or alkenyl group containing 6 to 22 carbon atoms, n1 and n2 independently of one another represent 0 or a number from 1 to 10, m represents a number from 1 to 20 and R2 represents methyl or ethyl, by (a) etherifying a fatty alcohol polyglycol ether corresponding to formula (II): in which R1, n1, n2 and m are as defined above, with a dialkyl sulfate in the presence of a solid substantially water-free base and an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal hydride, (b) adding water to the crude ethers in such a quantity that phase separation occurs, and (c) removing the organic phase.

A method for preparing organic products from aqueous solutions, such as waste or byproduct liquid streams and waste or byproduct gas or vapor streams, uses phase transfer catalysis to transfer a chemical species in low concentration from the aqueous solution to the organic phase or the aqueous-organic interface. The system has little or no organic solvent, and the organic phase contains an electrophile which participates in the reaction. In one embodiment, the aqueous solution is contacted with the electrophile and a phase transfer catalyst and, optionally, a pH adjusting agent in the event that the chemical species in the aqueous solution is not sufficiently ionized to react with the electrophile, and optionally an organic solvent. A method for continuously converting a chemical species involves this contacting step, separating the phases, then dividing the organic phase into the product, the phase transfer catalyst, and the optional organic solvent.