A kind of coral island biological soil crust GZS001 can promote the hydrological ecological characteristics of coral island calcareous sand

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of coral island biological soil crust GZS001 that can promote the hydrological ecological characteristics of coral island calcareous sand, with good hydrological ecological effect, can significantly improve the ecological freshwater accumulation and circulation of coral island calcareous sand, provide stable water resources for the planting of higher vegetation, improve the nutritional status of calcareous sand, and lay a good material foundation for the ecological system repair and natural succession of coral island. At the same time, the application of this biological crust can reduce the impact on the environment, and can be widely used, with the advantages of simple operation, low cost, quick effect, easy popularization, etc.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of artificial cultivation of biological soil crust, and can be applied to calcareous sand substrate, and particularly relates to a modified biological soil crust of coral island capable of improving the hydrological ecological characteristics of calcareous sand of the coral island. BACKGROUND

[0002] Tropical coral islands are mostly composed of calcareous sand, which is not conducive to the natural colonization of vegetation. From the perspective of environment and biological elements, these coral islands are regarded as "deserts" in the ocean, lacking real soil and freshwater resources, and having extreme environmental characteristics such as high salt, strong alkali, high temperature, and strong light. However, healthy soil resources and underground ecological freshwater resources of the island reefs are the source of life that supports the ecological system of plants and animals on the South China Sea islands and realizes livable life.

[0003] The complex biological soil crust (biological crust) formed by microorganisms, algae, mosses, lichens, and other organisms together with soil has the characteristics of drought tolerance, salt-alkali tolerance, carbon and nitrogen fixation capacity, and strong reproduction ability, and can survive and reproduce in harsh environments. It can affect the surrounding microenvironment through its physiological metabolism and play an important role in the evolution of soil-water-vegetation systems. Studies have shown that biological crusts can increase rainfall interception, promote condensation water capture, enhance soil surface water holding capacity, reduce water infiltration to deep layers, improve the growth environment of herbaceous plants, and promote the rapid succession of artificial vegetation communities. Biological crusts have been widely used in ecological restoration engineering in desert areas, but research and application in the land environment of coral islands are still in the early stages.

[0004] Biological crust is the most important ground cover of the coral island ecosystem, so it is necessary to improve and recombine its biological composition to improve its hydrological ecological characteristics and lay a solid material foundation for the benign succession and sustainable self-development of the coral island. SUMMARY

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to provide a biological soil crust GZS001 capable of improving the hydrological ecological characteristics of calcareous sand of the coral island, and to provide a new biological technology for improving the freshwater resources of the coral island and the hydrological ecological characteristics of calcareous sand.

[0006] There is no research on biological crusts specifically for calcareous sand substrate at home and abroad. The present application uses in-situ calcareous sand and biological crust developed on calcareous sand substrate as the research object, improves the biological composition structure of the biological crust by adding specific functional microbial strains, measures its hydrological ecological characteristics, and optimizes the biological crust that can promote the hydrological ecological characteristics of calcareous sand of the coral island. The cultivation method of the biological soil crust GZS001 is as follows:

[0007] a. Collecting the natural moss-biofilm in situ on the tropical coral island, and grinding the natural moss-biofilm after natural air-drying to prepare inoculation material; uniformly spreading and inoculating the inoculation material on calcareous sand to carry out artificial cultivation;

[0008] b. Cultivating two strains of cyanobacteria, Oculatella sp. SCSIO17256 and Leptolyngbya sp. SCSIO17268, respectively, uniformly spraying the two strains of cyanobacteria on the inoculation material to carry out cultivation, and maintaining the water content of the calcareous sand at 10-15%, and regularly supplementing the water loss of the previous day.

[0009] The preservation number of the Oculatella sp. SCSIO17256 is CCTCC NO: M 2025524; and the preservation number of the Leptolyngbya sp. SCSIO17268 is CCTCC NO: M 2025525.

[0010] Preferably, in step a, the inoculation amount of the inoculation material is 440 g / m 2 .

[0011] Preferably, in step b, the cyanobacteria SCSIO17256 and SCSIO17268 are mixed at a ratio of 1:2 by wet weight.

[0012] Preferably, in step b, the water content of the calcareous sand is maintained at 14%.

[0013] The present application is carried out in an artificial climate chamber. According to the results of long-term monitoring of the tropical coral island, the temperature, relative air humidity, light period and light intensity in the artificial climate chamber are set to (day / night): 33 / 28.5℃, 68% / 80%, 14 / 10h, 13000 / 0 lux, respectively. At the same time, the cultivation box is regularly sprayed with water every day to ensure that the water content of the calcareous sand in the cultivation box is maintained at 14%.

[0014] After 180 days of indoor cultivation, obvious moss-biofilm is generated on the calcareous sand in the cultivation box, i.e., the coral island biological soil crust GZS001 Figure 1 The maximum water content of the newly developed biological soil crust is significantly higher than that of the blank control group, which is 37.42%, and is higher than the control group by 9.66%-11.30%. The coagulation water capacity of the newly developed biological soil crust is also significantly higher than that of the blank control group, which is 39.17 g / m 2 , and is higher than the control group by 22.5-28 g / m 2 . The unsaturated water conductivity of the newly developed biological soil crust is also significantly higher than that of the blank control group, which is 0.00195 cm / s, and is higher than the control group by 0.0011-0.00177 cm / s.Figure 2 In summary, the hydro-ecological characteristics of the newly developed biological soil crust are significantly better than those of the blank control group, which can significantly promote the water resource circulation of the calcareous sand of the coral island.

[0015] Therefore, a second object of the present application is to provide the application of the coral island biological soil crust GZS001 in the water resource accumulation of the calcareous sand of the tropical coral island.

[0016] The preferred application method is to first culture the coral island biological soil crust GZS001 in the laboratory for 210 days, then collect all the coral island biological soil crust GZS001, naturally air dry and grind, and then prepare a biological powder for inoculation in the area where it is needed.

[0017] The coral island biological soil crust GZS001 provided by the present application can significantly improve the ecological freshwater accumulation and circulation of the calcareous sand of the coral island, provide stable water resources for the colonization of higher vegetation, improve the nutritional status of the calcareous sand, and lay a good material foundation for the ecological system restoration and natural succession of the coral island. At the same time, the application of this biological crust can greatly save time and cost, can be used in large quantities, and has the advantages of simple operation, low cost, easy popularization, etc.

[0018] Oculatella sp. SCSIO17256, which was preserved in the China Center for Type Culture Collection (CCTCC) on March 18, 2025, at the address: China. Wuhan. Wuhan University, postcode: 430072, preservation number: CCTCC NO: M 2025524.

[0019] Leptolyngbya sp. SCSIO17268, which was preserved in the China Center for Type Culture Collection (CCTCC) on March 18, 2025, at the address: China. Wuhan. Wuhan University, postcode: 430072, preservation number: CCTCC NO: M 2025525. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 is a development state diagram of the coral island biological soil crust GZS001.

[0021] Figure 2 is the detection value of each hydro-ecological index of the coral island biological soil crust GZS001. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The following examples are further illustrations of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application.

[0023] Example 1: Artificial cultivation of the coral island biological soil crust GZS001

[0024] The coral island biological soil crust GZS001 provided by the application is derived from two strains of cyanobacteria, Oculatella sp. SCSIO17256 and Leptolyngbya sp. SCSIO17268 of the phylum cyanobacteria, which are obtained by in-situ development of biological crust and isolation and culture.

[0025] The specific operation is as follows:

[0026] 1. Treatment of inoculation material: Collect well-developed moss-biological crusts on a tropical coral island, and then naturally air dry at room temperature (25°C). Grind the air-dried moss-biological crusts and prepare experimental inoculation materials for subsequent experiments.

[0027] 2. Put the in-situ collected calcareous sand into a cultivation box, and the net weight of the sand is 1320g (dry weight), and the thickness is about 35mm. The average water content of the calcareous sand is controlled to be 14%, and the initial water addition amount is 220g. Then, use a self-made spraying device to uniformly spread the inoculation material on the calcareous sand, and the inoculation amount is 440g / m 2 , and use water mist for wetting treatment to fix the inoculation material.

[0028] 3. Artificial cultivation of two strains of cyanobacteria, Oculatella sp. SCSIO17256 and Leptolyngbya sp. SCSIO17268, and take their wet weights, the ratio is 1:2, which is 0.6g and 1.2g respectively, then mix them uniformly and uniformly spray them on the inoculation material to start cultivation.

[0029] 4. According to the results of long-term monitoring of tropical coral islands, the temperature, relative air humidity, light period and light intensity in the artificial climate chamber are set to (day / night): 33 / 28.5°C, 68% / 80%, 14 / 10h, 13000 / 0lux respectively. At the same time, the lost water is supplemented regularly every day, and the water content of the surface calcareous sand in the cultivation box is maintained at 14%.

[0030] 5. The whole cultivation process is 180 days. After the cultivation is completed, it is found that obvious biological crusts are generated on the calcareous sand in all cultivation boxes Figure 1 , which are biological soil crusts GZS001.

[0031] Example 2: Determination of unsaturated soil water conductivity of coral island biological soil crust GZS001

[0032] The cultivation box developed with coral island biological soil crust GZS001 and the cultivation box only filled with calcareous sand (blank group) were taken out, and the non-saturated water conductivity thereof was determined and compared by using Mini-Disk small disk type infiltration instrument (METER). The working principle of the Mini-Disk small disk type infiltration instrument is as follows: water is injected into the upper and lower tube chambers of the Mini-Disk small disk type infiltration instrument. The upper tube chamber adjusts the infiltration water pressure. The lower tube chamber is like a graduated cylinder marked with mL, and water is infiltrated into the soil. The bottom of the infiltration instrument is a porous sintered stainless steel disc, which prevents water from leaking into the air. The bottom disc is relatively small in diameter, which ensures that it can be placed on the relatively flat soil surface for non-interference measurement of the soil. After the infiltration instrument is placed on the soil surface, the water in the lower tube chamber will begin to infiltrate into the soil, and the infiltration rate is affected by the hydraulic properties of the soil. After the water level in the lower chamber drops, the infiltration volume is recorded within a certain time interval (usually 30 seconds for sandy loam soil). Then, the data is plotted in the EXCEL table prepared by METER to obtain the water conductivity.

[0033] The determination results of the non-saturated water conductivity of the coral island biological soil crust GZS001 and the blank group by using the Mini-Disk small disk type infiltration instrument (METER) are as follows: the coral island biological soil crust GZS001 is 0.00195 cm / s, and the blank group is 0.00054 cm / s. Figure 2

[0034] Example 3: Determination of the saturated water content of the coral island biological soil crust GZS001

[0035] The cultivation box developed with coral island biological soil crust GZS001 and the cultivation box only filled with calcareous sand (blank group) were taken out, and the non-saturated water conductivity thereof was determined and compared by using Mini-Disk small disk type infiltration instrument (METER). The working principle of the Mini-Disk small disk type infiltration instrument is as follows: water is injected into the upper and lower tube chambers of the Mini-Disk small disk type infiltration instrument. The upper tube chamber adjusts the infiltration water pressure. The lower tube chamber is like a graduated cylinder marked with mL, and water is infiltrated into the soil. The bottom of the infiltration instrument is a porous sintered stainless steel disc, which prevents water from leaking into the air. The bottom disc is relatively small in diameter, which ensures that it can be placed on the relatively flat soil surface for non-interference measurement of the soil. After the infiltration instrument is placed on the soil surface, the water in the lower tube chamber will begin to infiltrate into the soil, and the infiltration rate is affected by the hydraulic properties of the soil. After the water level in the lower chamber drops, the infiltration volume is recorded within a certain time interval (usually 30 seconds for sandy loam soil). Then, the data is plotted in the EXCEL table prepared by METER to obtain the water conductivity. 3 ) to collect the biological crust samples, and the two ends are covered and sealed. When determining, first, the upper and lower covers of the cutting ring are removed, one end is replaced with a mesh covered with filter paper, and the other end is in an open state. Then, the end with the mesh covered with filter paper is placed downward into a porcelain dish (or a flat-bottomed basin), and water is injected and kept at a height of the upper edge of the cutting ring, so that it absorbs water for 2 hours. At this time, all non-capillary pores and capillary pores in the cutting ring soil are filled with water, the upper cover is covered, and the cutting ring is taken out horizontally, and immediately the end with the mesh covered with filter paper is placed downward in a flat-bottomed dish paved with dry sand, and the excess water is absorbed and immediately weighed (A). Finally, a representative part of the soil sample (20 g) in the cutting ring is taken out and placed in an aluminum box, and the soil moisture content is determined. The wet soil in the cutting ring is converted into oven-dried soil weight by using the soil moisture content, and the maximum water content is calculated.

[0036] The maximum water content of the biological crust is % = (A-W-Wring) / W*100%;

[0037] ​In the formula, W is the dry soil weight in the ring knife (g); Wring is the ring knife weight (g).

[0038] The maximum water content of the coral island biological soil crust GZS001 and the blank group was detected as follows: the coral island biological soil crust GZS001 was 37.42%, and the blank group was 26.90% Figure 2 )。

[0039] Example 4: Measurement of condensation water amount promoted by the coral island biological soil crust GZS001

[0040] The cultivation boxes with the coral island biological soil crust GZS001 and the cultivation boxes only with calcareous sand (blank group) were taken as experimental objects, and the biological crust and bare sand in the cultivation boxes needed to be dried before the experiment until the weight was basically constant. In order to make the experimental process more in line with the natural state, the experiment was carried out in an artificial climate incubator to simulate the environmental conditions of the coral island at night. Between 19:00 and 7:00 of the observation day, the cultivation boxes were weighed by using a 1 / 1000 electronic balance, and the weight change per day was the condensation water amount formed at night. In order to reduce the error, the sand particles on the surface and the bottom of the lysimeter needed to be removed before each weighing. The experimental period was 5 days.

[0041] The condensation water amount promoted by the coral island biological soil crust GZS001 and the blank group was detected as follows: the coral island biological soil crust GZS001 was 39.17 g / m 2 , and the blank group was 13.58 g / m 2 . Figure 2 )。

[0042] Through the above examples, the coral island biological soil crust GZS001 provided by the application has good hydrological ecological effect, can significantly improve the ecological freshwater accumulation and circulation of the calcareous sand of the coral island, provides stable water resources for the planting of higher vegetation, improves the nutrient state of the calcareous sand, and lays a good material foundation for the ecological system repair and natural succession of the coral island. At the same time, the application of the biological crust can greatly save time cost, can be applied in large quantities, and has the advantages of simple operation, low cost, quick effect, easy popularization and the like.

[0043] The above examples only describe the preferred embodiments of the application, and do not limit the scope of the application. Without departing from the design spirit of the application, various modifications and improvements of the technical solutions of the application made by ordinary engineering technicians in the art should fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the application.

Claims

1. A method for cultivating coral island biocrust GZS001, which can enhance the hydrological and ecological characteristics of calcareous sand on coral islands, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: a. Collect in-situ moss-biocrusts from tropical coral islands, air-dry them naturally, grind them, and prepare inoculation material; then evenly spread the inoculation material onto calcareous sand for artificial cultivation. b. Two cyanobacteria strains were artificially cultured, namely... Oculatella sp. SCSIO17256 and Leptolyngbya sp.SCSIO17268, the Oculatella sp. SCSIO17256 has the accession number CCTCC NO: M 2025524, which... Leptolyngbya The accession number of sp. SCSIO17268 is CCTCC NO: M 2025525. The two cyanobacteria were mixed and sprayed evenly onto the inoculum material for cultivation. The moisture content of the calcareous sand was maintained at 10-15%, and the water lost the previous day was replenished regularly every day.

2. The cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step a, the inoculation amount of the inoculation material is 440 g / m³. 2 .

3. The cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step b, the cyanobacteria SCSIO17256 and SCSIO17268 are mixed at a wet weight ratio of 1:

2.

4. The cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step b, the cultivation conditions are as follows: day / night, temperature 33 / 28.5℃, relative humidity 68% / 80%, photoperiod 14 / 10 h, and light intensity 13000 / 0 lux.

5. The cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step b, the moisture content of the calcareous sand is maintained at 14%.

6. Coral island bio-soil crust GZS001 prepared by the cultivation method according to any one of claims 1-5.

7. The application of the Coral Island Biogenic Soil Crust GZS001 as described in claim 6 in the accumulation of calcareous sand water resources in tropical coral islands.

8. The application according to claim 7, characterized in that, The process involves first expanding the cultivation of Coral Island Bio-Soil Crust GZS001 indoors, then collecting all of the Coral Island Bio-Soil Crust GZS001, air-drying it naturally, grinding it, and making it into a biological powder for inoculation into the areas where it is needed.

9. The application according to claim 8, characterized in that, The culture time for the expanded culture is 210 days.

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