High-pressure water jet heading machine and high-pressure water rock breaking and pile cutting method

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-pressure water jet heading machine and a high-pressure water rock breaking and pile cutting method. The problems that in the prior art, a shield tunneling machine is long in obstacle cutting construction period and high in risk, and full-section obstacles cannot be treated when facing the shield tunneling machine are solved. The high-pressure water jet heading machine comprises a cutterhead and a rear supporting sleeve, a cutter, a nozzle assembly and a detection device are arranged on the cutter head, and the nozzle assembly is connected with a high-pressure water system arranged on the rear support; the nozzle assembly comprises a radial moving nozzle and a fixed nozzle arranged on the outer edge of the cutter head. And the radial moving nozzle and the detection device are connected with the upper computer. The radial moving nozzles and the fixed nozzles arranged on the outer edge of the cutter head are combined with rotation of the cutter head cutter, so that the cutting range of high-pressure water flow is more uniform, meanwhile, the cutting diameter of the cutter head can be increased, and the cutting efficiency is higher.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, and particularly to a water jet shield machine. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of the construction of urban rail transit in China, an urban rail transit network with multiple intertwined subway lines has been planned. With the increase in the number of subway lines, the situation of encountering existing obstacles in newly built tunnels will become more and more common. At present, when a shield machine faces obstacles such as portal reinforcement piles, reserved H-shaped steel in the station structure, pile foundations of bridges and buildings, and existing underground pipelines, it usually completes the cutting of obstacles by slowly grinding methods such as modifying the cutter head and adjusting tunneling parameters. For example, measures to adjust tunneling parameters such as reducing the propulsion speed, reducing the cutter head rotation speed, and maintaining the tunneling attitude, measures to modify the cutter head such as increasing the strength and wear resistance of the hob, increasing the number of tearing knives and alloy quantity, and adjusting the height difference of the cutters. However, there are still many problems in cutting obstacles in the tunneling line by the above methods. Although the cutter head has been modified, there are still problems such as tool wear, breakage, and steel bar entanglement during the cutting process. In severe cases, it will cause the phenomenon of jamming the screw conveyor, bringing other difficulties and safety hazards to the project construction. During the cutting process, the pulling of steel bars in the building by the cutter head tools of the cutter head will cause disturbance to the building and the surrounding strata, and may seriously cause ground settlement and collapse.

[0003] When the construction conditions are good, manual obstacle clearance and blasting methods are also used. Manual obstacle clearance mainly uses methods such as manual chiseling and ground extraction. This method has a long construction period and high danger for construction personnel. The blasting method for obstacle clearance has a long construction period, complex construction organization, high danger, and is likely to have a greater impact on the surrounding environment and structures. Some manufacturers have proposed to configure a laser fragmentation device in front of the cutter head, but this solution still stays in the indoor test stage and there is no specific implementation case. At present, there are successful cases of using high-pressure water to break rock on TBMs, but it is also in the initial stage. Moreover, due to the special surrounding rock conditions and cutter head structure of TBMs, high-pressure water cutting also faces many problems, such as limited cutting range, high risk, and inability to handle full-section obstacles. Therefore, it is necessary to study a high-pressure water jet assisted cutting device. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the above background art, the present invention provides a high-pressure water jet tunneling machine and a high-pressure water rock breaking and pile cutting method, which solve the problems of long construction period, high risk, and inability to handle full-section obstacles in the prior art when a shield machine cuts obstacles.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is realized as follows: A high-pressure water jet tunneling machine includes a cutter head and a rear support. The cutter head is provided with cutters, a nozzle assembly and a detection device. The nozzle assembly is connected to a high-pressure water system and / or a grouting system provided on the rear support. The nozzle assembly includes a radially movable nozzle and a fixed nozzle provided at the outer edge of the cutter head. The radially movable nozzle and the detection device are both connected to a host computer. The host computer controls the radial movement distance of the radially movable nozzle and the processing of the signals collected by the detection device. The high-pressure water jet pressure of the high-pressure water jet shield machine needs to reach the ultra-high pressure range (≥250 Mpa), and the effective cutting distance needs to reach 300 mm. The nozzle can complete the cutting of obstacles as the cutter head rotates, and can achieve the purpose of cutting obstacles such as foundation piles, H-shaped steel, pipelines and boulders on the tunneling line.

[0006] Further preferably, the radially movable nozzle includes a nozzle and a radial guide groove provided on the cutter head. An installation seat is slidably provided in the radial guide groove. The installation seat is connected to a radial telescopic driving member fixed in the radial guide groove. The nozzle is provided on the installation seat. Under the action of the radial telescopic driving member, the installation seat drives the nozzle to move in the radial guide groove and can extend out of the outer edge of the cutter head. When the nozzle extends out of the outer edge of the cutter head, it can play the role of overexcavation.

[0007] Further preferably, the radial telescopic driving member is a hydraulic cylinder or an air cylinder or a screw structure driven by a motor; the nozzle and the fixed nozzle are both hard alloy conical nozzles; ensuring the wear resistance of the nozzle.

[0008] Further preferably, the cutter head is arranged in the shield body through a central slewing assembly. The nozzle assembly is connected to the high-pressure water system and / or the grouting system through the central slewing assembly. Specifically, the high-pressure water system includes a water supply system and an abrasive supply device. The abrasive of the abrasive supply device passes through an abrasive pipeline to an abrasive channel in the central slewing assembly. The high-pressure water of the water supply system passes through a high-pressure water pipeline to a water supply channel in the central slewing assembly. The abrasive channel, the water supply channel are connected to the liquid inlet of a distributor arranged in the cutter head. The nozzle assembly is connected to the liquid outlet of the distributor. The nozzle assembly is also communicated with a grouting system provided on the rear support; this grouting system can be used to convey a mixture of cement slurry and sodium silicate solution to the nozzle head to reinforce the soil around the obstacles.

[0009] Further preferably, the water supply system includes a water tank. The low-pressure water in the water tank enters a supercharger through a centrifugal pump to become high-pressure water. The high-pressure water enters the water supply channel in the central slewing assembly after the pressure is stabilized by an accumulator.

[0010] Further preferably, the abrasive channel and the water supply channel are respectively connected to the distributor inside the cutter head through high-pressure wear-resistant hoses; each distributor is connected to at least two nozzle assemblies through high-pressure wear-resistant hoses.

[0011] Further preferably, the nozzle assemblies of the same dispenser are arranged at diametrically opposite positions, and different dispensers correspond to different diameters of the cutter head.

[0012] Further preferably, the detection device includes a laser detector and / or a laser detector and / or a magnetic detector and / or an electromagnetic detector and / or an acoustic detector provided on the front panel of the cutter head; to ensure the detection accuracy.

[0013] A method for rock breaking and pile cutting with high-pressure water, using the high-pressure water jet tunneling machine described above. The steps are as follows: Step 1: Detect the material of the obstacle in the area to be excavated and the soil quality around the obstacle through the detection device on the cutter head, determine whether it is necessary to reinforce the soil around the obstacle, and determine the maximum cutting strength required to cut the obstacle; Step 2: If it is necessary to reinforce the soil around the obstacle, move the radial moving nozzle at the corresponding position to the outer circumference of the cutter head, start the grouting system, and make the mixture of cement slurry and sodium silicate solution sprayed by the nozzle reinforce the soil around the obstacle; Step 3: Determine the material of the abrasive according to the required maximum cutting strength, start the high-pressure water system through the control device, and at the same time turn on the corresponding radial moving nozzle to make it move radially back and forth, and at the same time rotate the cutter head to make the nozzle present a wavy movement trajectory; the fixed nozzles are turned on at the same time, and the combination of the radial moving nozzle and the fixed nozzle improves the cutting efficiency; Step 4: The cut waste residue is discharged through the screw conveyor, and at the same time, detect whether the obstacle has been cut through by the detection device; Step 5: Repeat Steps 1 to 4 until the entire tunnel excavation is completed.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The combination of the radial moving nozzle and the fixed nozzle provided at the outer edge of the cutter head and the rotation of the cutter head tools of the present invention makes the cutting range of the high-pressure water flow more uniform, and at the same time can increase the cutting diameter of the cutter head. Due to the radial movement of the nozzle, the high-pressure water with abrasive can deform the surface of the obstacle while cutting the obstacle, which is more conducive to cutting and has higher cutting efficiency.

[0015] The radially moving nozzle can replace all the nozzles in its radial moving direction, which can reduce the number of fixed nozzles used. For fixed nozzles, two nozzles with the same radius of the cutter head are generally controlled by the same supercharger. After reducing the number of fixed nozzles, the flow distribution in the pipeline can be more easily controlled; the installation positions of the fixed nozzles can also be made more flexible to cope with different usage scenarios.

[0016] Before cutting the obstacle, the radially movable nozzle can move the nozzle to the outer circle of the cutter head to reinforce the soil around the obstacle, preventing the obstacle from entering the soil bin before being completely cut and causing a jamming phenomenon. Moreover, due to the provision of the radially movable nozzle, different methods of stabilizing and improving the soil can be adopted when encountering different obstacles and different working conditions, and the applicability in practical applications is more extensive. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0018] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 Front view schematic diagram of the cutter head of the present invention; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the high-pressure water jet principle. Detailed Embodiments

[0019] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] Embodiment 1, as Figure 1As shown in the figure, the technical solution of the present invention is realized as follows: A high-pressure water jet tunneling machine includes a cutter head 1 and a rear support, and further includes a spiral slag discharging system 12. Auxiliary equipment such as a pump station and a control box required for shield tunneling are integrated on the rear support. The key point of this embodiment is that the cutter head 1 is provided with cutters 2, a nozzle assembly and a detection device 11. The cutters 2 can be existing hob cutters, scraping cutters, etc. The detection device 11 includes a laser detector and / or a laser detector arranged on the front panel of the cutter head 1. The detection device is used to detect the composition of various materials in the obstacle, such as rocks, soil, gravel, and artificial materials such as concrete, bricks, asphalt, etc. The radar can determine the positions of metal or non-metal pipelines, sewers, cables, cable ducts, holes, base layers, steel bars in concrete and other underground buried parts, and is used to determine the required maximum cutting strength, so as to determine the abrasive to be used. Different abrasives provide different cutting strengths. The nozzle assembly is connected to a high-pressure water system arranged on the rear support; high-pressure slurry is provided for the nozzles, which is used for cutting or supporting. The nozzle assembly is also communicated with a grouting system arranged on the rear support; this grouting system can be used to convey a mixture of cement slurry and sodium silicate solution to the nozzle, and reinforce the soil around the obstacle. The nozzle assembly includes a radially movable nozzle 4 and a fixed nozzle 3 arranged at the outer edge of the cutter head; both the radially movable nozzle 4 and the detection device are connected to a host computer. The host computer controls the radial movement distance of the radially movable nozzle and the processing of the signals collected by the detection device. During actual construction, the position, material, shape and range of the obstacle in the heading face are detected and identified through the transmitting and receiving sensors of the detection device on the cutter head; first, the path of cutting the obstacle is simulated, and then the high-pressure water system is checked and started. First, in the low-pressure mode, the fixed nozzle at the outermost edge of the cutter head is used to improve and reinforce the surrounding strata and near the obstacle, and then it is switched to the high-pressure mode to complete the cutting of the obstacle through the high-pressure water jet emitted by the nozzle. During the cutting process, the nozzle cuts the obstacle into a ring as the cutter head rotates, and the radially movable nozzle further cuts the obstacle through radial movement to meet the slag discharging particle size of the screw conveyor. Finally, the cut obstacle is discharged through the screw conveyor.

[0021] In this embodiment, as a preferred solution, such as Figure 2As shown, one or more radially movable nozzles 4 can be seen on the cutter head 1; in this embodiment, three radially movable nozzles 4 are taken as an example. The radially movable nozzle 4 includes a nozzle 44 and a radial guide groove 41 provided on the cutter head 1; the radial guide groove 41 is arranged along the radial direction of the cutter head. A mounting seat 42 is slidably arranged in the radial guide groove 41, the mounting seat 42 is connected to a radial telescopic driving member 43 fixed in the radial guide groove 41, the nozzle 44 is arranged on the mounting seat 42, and at least one group of nozzles can be arranged on the mounting seat. Under the action of the radial telescopic driving member 43, the mounting seat 42 drives the nozzle 44 to move in the radial guide groove 41 and can extend out of the outer edge of the cutter head 1; when the nozzle 44 extends out of the outer edge of the cutter head 1, an over-excavation operation can be carried out. The radial telescopic driving member 43 is a hydraulic cylinder or a pneumatic cylinder or a lead screw structure driven by a motor; when the radial telescopic driving member 43 is a hydraulic cylinder or a pneumatic cylinder, the cylinder body part is fixed in the radial guide groove, and the piston rod part is fixedly connected to the mounting seat. When it expands and contracts, it drives the mounting seat to move along the radial guide groove, changing the action position of its nozzle. When the radial telescopic driving member 43 is a lead screw structure driven by a motor, this structure includes a lead screw arranged along the length direction of the radial guide groove. The lead screw is in transmission connection with the motor, and a threaded hole is provided at the bottom of the mounting seat. The threaded hole is in threaded cooperation with the lead screw, and the motor drives the lead screw to rotate to realize the movement of the mounting seat along the radial guide groove. The nozzle 44 and the fixed nozzle 3 are both carbide conical nozzles; the strength and hardness of the nozzle are improved, and the wear is reduced. The fixed nozzle 3 is located at the outer edge and can be used to reinforce the periphery of the obstacle to prevent the obstacle from entering the soil bin before being completely cut, resulting in a jamming phenomenon.

[0022] In this embodiment, the radial movement of the radially movable nozzle, combined with the rotation of the cutter head itself, can make the nozzle present a wavy cutting path, thus achieving the following technical effects: ① Make the cutting range of the high-pressure water flow more uniform, and at the same time, the cutting diameter of the cutter head can be increased. Due to the radial movement of the nozzle, the high-pressure water with abrasives can deform the surface of the obstacle while cutting the obstacle, which is more conducive to cutting and has higher cutting efficiency.

[0023] ② The radially movable nozzle can replace all the nozzles in its radial movement direction, which can reduce the number of fixed nozzles used. For fixed nozzles, two nozzles with the same radius on the cutter head are generally controlled by the same supercharger. After reducing the number of fixed nozzles, the flow splitting in the pipeline can be more easily controlled.

[0024] ③ In the cutter head with only fixed nozzles, the interval between the fixed nozzles must be less than the slag discharge particle size of the screw conveyor to avoid inability to discharge slag; after using the radially movable nozzle, the gap between the fixed nozzles on the cutter head does not need to be less than the slag discharge particle size, which can reduce the number of fixed nozzles used and also make the setting position of the fixed nozzles more flexible and variable to cope with different usage scenarios.

[0025] ④Before cutting the obstacle, move the nozzle to the outer circumference of the cutter head. A mixture of cement slurry and sodium silicate solution can be sprayed from the nozzle to reinforce the soil around the obstacle, preventing the obstacle from entering the soil bin before being completely cut and causing a jamming phenomenon. Moreover, due to the provision of a radially movable nozzle, different methods of stabilizing and improving the soil can be adopted when encountering different obstacles and different working conditions, and the applicability in actual applications is more extensive. For example, the obstacle at the outer circumference of the cutter head can be stabilized first and then cut. During the cutting process, the nozzle can gradually extend 100-200 mm outside the cutter head to increase the cutting diameter, so that there is a large gap between the cut obstacle and the outer circumferential surface of the cutter head, preventing the cut-off edge of obstacles such as H-shaped steel from wearing the side scrapers and large rings of the cutter head. After cutting, secondary reinforcement around the cutter head can also be carried out to prevent ground settlement and collapse.

[0026] Embodiment 2: A method for rock breaking and pile cutting with high-pressure water, using the high-pressure water jet tunneling machine described in Embodiment 1. The specific steps are as follows: Step 1: Detect the material of the obstacle in the area to be excavated and the soil quality of the soil around the obstacle through the detection device on the cutter head, and determine whether it is necessary to reinforce the soil around the obstacle and determine the maximum cutting strength required for cutting the obstacle. Step 2: If it is necessary to reinforce the soil around the obstacle, move the radially movable nozzle at the corresponding position to the outer circumference of the cutter head, start the grouting system, and make the mixture of cement slurry and sodium silicate solution sprayed from the nozzle reinforce the soil around the obstacle. Step 3: Determine the material of the abrasive according to the required maximum cutting strength. Start the high-pressure water system through the control device, and at the same time turn on the corresponding radially movable nozzle to make it move radially back and forth, and at the same time rotate the cutter head to make the nozzle present a wavy movement trajectory. The fixed nozzles are turned on at the same time, and the combination of the radially movable nozzles and the fixed nozzles is used to improve the cutting efficiency. Step 4: The cut waste residue is discharged through the screw conveyor, and at the same time, the detection device is used to detect whether the obstacle has been completely cut. Step 5: Repeat Steps 1 to 4 until the excavation of the entire tunnel is completed.

[0027] Embodiment 3: A high-pressure water jet tunneling machine, which is further optimized on the basis of Embodiments 1 and 2. In this embodiment, the cutter head 1 is arranged in the shield 13 through the central slewing assembly 5, and the nozzle assembly is connected to the high-pressure water system through the central slewing assembly 5. Specifically, the high-pressure water system includes a water supply system and an abrasive supply device 6. The abrasive supply device 6 includes an abrasive tank for containing abrasive. The abrasive in the abrasive tank is conveyed outward by air pressure, and the abrasive material is quartz sand with finer particles. In actual use, the abrasive of the abrasive supply device 6 passes through the abrasive pipeline 61 into the abrasive channel in the central slewing assembly 5, and the high-pressure water of the water supply system passes through the high-pressure water pipeline 51 into the water supply channel in the central slewing assembly 5. The abrasive channel, the water supply channel are connected to the liquid inlet of the distributor arranged in the cutter head 1, and the nozzle assembly is connected to the liquid outlet of the distributor; the abrasive and water are mixed in the sand supply channel of the nozzle, and then a mixed liquid with stronger cutting force is ejected to form a high-pressure water jet to cut the obstacles in the tunnel face.

[0028] As Figure 3 shown, in this embodiment, the water supply system includes a water tank 7. The low-pressure water in the water tank 7 enters the supercharger 9 through the centrifugal pump 8 and becomes high-pressure water. After the pressure of the high-pressure water is stabilized by the accumulator 10, it enters the water supply channel in the central slewing assembly 5. The water tank is equipped with a water circulation filtration device. The centrifugal pump turns pure water into pressurized water, the supercharger converts low-pressure water into high-pressure water, a safety valve is arranged at the outlet of the supercharger to ensure safety, the accumulator maintains the continuous stability of the pressure, and the hydraulic pump provides power for the supercharger. In this embodiment, the abrasive channel and the water supply channel are respectively connected to the distributor inside the cutter head 1 through high-pressure wear-resistant hoses; each distributor is connected to at least two nozzle assemblies through high-pressure wear-resistant hoses. The nozzle assemblies of the same distributor are arranged at opposite positions on the same diameter, and different distributors correspond to different diameters of the cutter head 1. The corresponding distributor can be selected by adjusting the stop valve in front of the supercharger to cope with special working conditions that occur in different positions. The two nozzles of the same distributor work simultaneously during tunneling. If one of them is blocked, the other one can still work normally.

[0029] Embodiment 4, as Figure 2 shown, a high-pressure water jet tunneling machine, which is further optimized on the basis of Embodiment 1 or 3. In this embodiment, in addition to arranging 14 fixed nozzles on the cutter head, 3 movable nozzles are also arranged. In addition to the annular cutting of obstacles, the obstacles can also be radially cut; the cutting efficiency is improved. In addition, in this embodiment, the nozzle assembly is also communicated with a grouting system arranged on the rear support; the grouting system uses a pump station to mix a modifier or a mixture of cement slurry and sodium silicate solution to improve or reinforce the formation.

[0030] Example 5. A method for rock breaking and pile cutting with high-pressure water uses the high-pressure water jet tunneling machine described in Example 4. The specific steps are as follows: In this example, taking three radially movable nozzles as an example, namely the first nozzle, the second nozzle, and the third nozzle, the steps of the full-face cutting method of this high-pressure water jet tunneling machine are as follows: Step 1: Detect the material of the obstacles in the area to be excavated and the soil quality around the obstacles through the detection device on the cutter head, determine whether it is necessary to reinforce the soil around the obstacles, and determine the maximum cutting strength required for cutting the obstacles.

[0031] Step 2: If soil reinforcement is required, move the third nozzle to the outer circle of the cutter head, and make the third nozzle spray a mixture of cement slurry and sodium silicate solution to reinforce the soil around the obstacles.

[0032] The various methods of soil reinforcement in Step 2 are as follows: ① For support-type obstacles such as H-shaped steel: It is possible to only improve and reinforce the cut-off part of the obstacle, or to perform secondary supplementary improvement after the improvement.

[0033] ② For wall-shaped obstacles: It is possible to improve the back of the obstacle.

[0034] ③ When there are important buildings above the excavation area: It is possible to continuously reinforce the soil in the upper half of the excavation area.

[0035] ④ For areas with loose soil: It is possible to comprehensively reinforce the soil in front of and around the cutter head.

[0036] ⑤ For the curved part during the excavation process: It is possible to reinforce the soil on the side opposite to the bending direction in the curved part to form a reaction wall.

[0037] Step 3: Determine the material of the abrasive according to the required maximum cutting strength, start the high-pressure water system through the control device, and at the same time start the hydraulic cylinder to make the first nozzle and the second nozzle perform reciprocating radial movement, and rotate the cutter head at the same time to make the nozzles present a wavy trajectory; the fixed nozzles are opened at the same time, and the radially movable nozzles and the fixed nozzles are used together to improve the cutting efficiency.

[0038] Step 4: Before cutting, spray a mixture of cement slurry and sodium silicate solution through the third nozzle to reinforce the cut-off part of the obstacle and the surrounding soil to prevent collapse.

[0039] Step 5: After cutting is completed, extend the third nozzle out of the outer circle of the cutter head to increase the cutting diameter and provide a gap between the cutter head and the cut-off part of the obstacle to be cut.

[0040] Step 6: The cut waste residue is discharged through the screw conveyor, and at the same time, the detection device is used to detect whether the obstacle has been cut completely.

[0041] The detection device can be a ground penetrating radar, laser scanning, magnetic detection, electromagnetic induction, acoustic detection, etc. Among them, the ground penetrating radar is one of the most widely used technologies. The ground penetrating radar determines the position and attributes of underground objects by sending detection signals and receiving the reflected signals. It can detect underground pipelines, cables and other obstacles with high precision and give accurate position and size information. The laser scanning technology scans the underground space with laser beams and uses laser sensors to obtain the three-dimensional shape and position information of underground objects. This technology can quickly and efficiently obtain the geometric features of underground obstacles, but has certain requirements for the transparency of underground media. Magnetic detection uses the magnetism of underground obstacles to identify and locate their positions. By measuring the abnormal changes in the geomagnetic field, the existence and position of underground obstacles can be determined. The electromagnetic induction technology uses the electromagnetic field to induce the electromagnetic response of underground objects and then determines their positions and sizes. The acoustic detection uses the characteristics of sound waves propagating underground and identifies and locates underground obstacles through the reflection and scattering of sound waves. These technologies all have their own advantages and applicable scenarios and can be selected according to actual needs.

[0042] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-pressure water jet tunneling machine, comprising a cutter head (1) and a rear support; characterized in that: The cutter head (1) is provided with cutters (2), a nozzle assembly and a detection device (11). The nozzle assembly is connected to a high-pressure water system and / or a grouting system arranged on the rear support. The nozzle assembly includes a radially movable nozzle (4) and a fixed nozzle (3) arranged at the outer edge of the cutter head. The radially movable nozzle (4) and the detection device are both connected to a host computer.

2. The high-pressure water jet tunneling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radially movable nozzle (4) includes a nozzle (44) and a radial guide groove (41) arranged on the cutter head (1). A mounting seat (42) is slidably arranged in the radial guide groove (41). The mounting seat (42) is connected to a radial telescopic driving member (43) fixed in the radial guide groove (41). The nozzle (44) is arranged on the mounting seat (42). Under the action of the radial telescopic driving member (43), the mounting seat (42) drives the nozzle (44) to move in the radial guide groove (41) and can extend out of the outer edge of the cutter head (1).

3. The high-pressure water jet tunneling machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The radial telescopic driving member (43) is a hydraulic cylinder or a pneumatic cylinder or a lead screw structure driven by a motor. Both the nozzle (44) and the fixed nozzle (3) are carbide conical nozzles.

4. The high-pressure water jet tunneling machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The cutter head (1) is arranged in the shield body (13) through a central slewing assembly (5). The nozzle assembly is connected to the high-pressure water system and / or the grouting system through the central slewing assembly (5).

5. The high-pressure water jet tunneling machine according to claim 4, wherein: The high-pressure water system includes a water supply system and an abrasive supply device (6). The abrasive of the abrasive supply device (6) passes through an abrasive pipeline (61) to an abrasive channel in the central slewing assembly (5). The high-pressure water of the water supply system passes through a high-pressure water pipeline (51) to a water supply channel in the central slewing assembly (5). The abrasive channel and the water supply channel are connected to the liquid inlet of a distributor arranged in the cutter head (1). The nozzle assembly is connected to the liquid outlet of the distributor.

6. The high-pressure water jet tunneling machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: The water supply system includes a water tank (7). The low-pressure water in the water tank (7) enters a supercharger (9) through a centrifugal pump (8) and becomes high-pressure water. After the pressure of the high-pressure water is stabilized by an accumulator (10), it enters the water supply channel in the central slewing assembly (5).

7. The high-pressure water jet tunneling machine according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: The abrasive channel and the water supply channel are respectively connected to the distributor inside the cutter head (1) through high-pressure wear-resistant hoses. Each distributor is connected to at least two nozzle assemblies through high-pressure wear-resistant hoses.

8. The high-pressure water jet tunneling machine according to claim 7, characterized in that: The nozzle assemblies of the same distributor are arranged at positions opposite to each other on the same diameter, and different distributors correspond to different diameters of the cutter head (1).

9. The high-pressure water jet tunneling machine according to claim 1 or 8, characterized in that: The detection device (11) includes a laser detector and / or a laser detector and / or a magnetic detector and / or an electromagnetic detector and / or an acoustic detector arranged on the front panel of the cutter head (1).

10. A high-pressure water rock-breaking and pile-cutting method, characterized in that: Use the high-pressure water jet tunneling machine according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

11. The high-pressure water rock breaking and pile cutting method according to claim 10, characterized in that: The steps are as follows: Step 1: Detect the material of the obstacle in the area to be excavated and the soil quality of the soil around the obstacle through the detection device on the cutter head, determine whether it is necessary to reinforce the soil around the obstacle, and determine the maximum cutting strength required to cut the obstacle. Step 2: If it is necessary to reinforce the soil around the obstacle, move the radially movable nozzle at the corresponding position to the outer circle of the cutter head, start the grouting system, and make the mixture of cement slurry and sodium silicate solution sprayed by the nozzle reinforce the soil around the obstacle. Step 3: Determine the abrasive material according to the required maximum cutting strength. Start the high-pressure water system through the control device, and at the same time turn on the corresponding radially moving nozzle to make it move radially back and forth. At the same time, rotate the cutter head to make the nozzle present a wavy motion trajectory; the fixed nozzles are turned on at the same time, and the combination of the radially moving nozzle and the fixed nozzles is used to improve the cutting efficiency; Step 4: The waste residue after cutting is discharged through the screw conveyor, and at the same time, the detection device is used to detect whether the obstacle has been cut through; Step 5: Repeat Step 1 to Step 4 until the excavation of the entire tunnel is completed.

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