A smoke exhaust device, control method and storage medium for top smoke exhaust

Abstract

An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a smoke exhaust device, a control method and a storage medium for top smoke exhaust, wherein the device includes: a driving mechanism, a transmission mechanism, and retractable blades; wherein the retractable blades are configured to be able to be unfolded in the horizontal direction, and the unfolded size of the retractable blades and the smoke exhaust efficiency of the smoke exhaust port satisfy the formula: , wherein: is the smoke exhaust efficiency, is a constant, is the length of the retractable blades after unfolding, wherein, ≤10m, is the length of the smoke exhaust port, wherein, ≤8m, is the width of the retractable blades after unfolding, wherein, <, is the width of the building body with the smoke exhaust port, is the width of the smoke exhaust port, wherein, ≤5m.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of the present disclosure belong to the technical field of smoke exhaust equipment, and particularly relate to a smoke exhaust device, a control method, and a storage medium for top smoke exhaust. Background Art

[0002] Smoke exhaust systems can remove smoke generated in fire zones within buildings (such as tunnels and walkways) to the exterior, ensuring occupant safety and minimizing damage. Mechanical smoke exhaust relies on smoke exhaust fans to force smoke out, creating a negative pressure zone.

[0003] In a smoke exhaust system, the smoke inlet is generally called a smoke vent. The smoke exhaust device is installed at the smoke vent and is normally closed, ensuring adequate air leakage. It opens to vent smoke after a fire. If too much smoke is discharged from a single vent, a "hole" can be created at the bottom of the smoke layer, causing "smoke penetration." This allows fresh, cold air to be drawn in and then expelled along with the smoke, reducing the actual amount of smoke exhausted. Furthermore, smoke penetration can cause the air duct to whistle and vibrate, compromising its structural integrity and stability.

[0004] Therefore, how to solve the above problems has become a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The embodiments of the present disclosure aim to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art, and provide a smoke exhaust device, a control method, and a storage medium for top smoke exhaust.

[0006] According to a first aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure, there is provided a smoke exhaust device for top smoke exhaust, comprising:

[0007] A driving mechanism provided at the top smoke exhaust port, a transmission mechanism transmission-connected to the driving mechanism, and a retractable blade covering the smoke exhaust port and connected to an end of the transmission mechanism away from the driving mechanism;

[0008] The retractable blades are configured to be able to be expanded horizontally, and the expanded size of the retractable blades and the exhaust efficiency of the exhaust port satisfy the formula:

[0009] , where: For smoke exhaust efficiency, is a constant, is the length of the retractable blade after expansion, where ≤10m, is the length of the smoke exhaust port, where ≤8m, is the width of the retractable blade after expansion, where < , is the width of the building with smoke exhaust vents, is the width of the smoke outlet, where ≤5m.

[0010] Optionally, the retractable blades include two first sheets arranged vertically opposite to each other along the smoke exhaust port, and two second sheets arranged laterally opposite to each other along the smoke exhaust port, wherein the first sheet can be slidably stacked on the second sheet, and the first sheet and the second sheet jointly cover the smoke exhaust port.

[0011] Optionally, the transmission mechanism includes two first vertical baffles relatively spaced apart on both sides of the smoke exhaust port in the vertical direction, one end of each first vertical baffle is connected to the driving mechanism, and the other end is connected to the first sheet, wherein the driving mechanism is configured to push the first sheet to move away from the smoke exhaust port or vertically toward the smoke exhaust port through the first vertical baffle.

[0012] Optionally, the transmission mechanism also includes two second vertical baffles relatively spaced apart on both sides of the smoke exhaust port, one end of each second vertical baffle is connected to the driving mechanism, and the other end is connected to the second sheet, wherein the driving mechanism is configured to push the second sheet to move away from the smoke exhaust port or to move laterally toward the smoke exhaust port through the second vertical baffle.

[0013] Optionally, when the driving mechanism pushes the retractable blade to move away from the smoke exhaust port through the first vertical baffle or the second vertical baffle, the vertical descending height of the retractable blade and the smoke exhaust efficiency of the smoke exhaust port satisfy the formula:

[0014] , where: For smoke exhaust efficiency, is a constant, is the height to which the retractable blades are vertically lowered, wherein, ≤0.5m, is the width of the building with smoke exhaust vents, where ≤8m, is the exhaust velocity of the exhaust port, where ≤15m / s, is the acceleration due to gravity, is the height of the building with smoke exhaust vents, where ≤9m.

[0015] Optionally, when the smoke exhaust port is rectangular and the length and width of the rectangular smoke exhaust port are not equal, the corrected length of the retractable blades after unfolding satisfies the formula: , where is the corrected length of the retractable blade after expansion, is the correction parameter, and the correction width of the retractable blade after expansion satisfies the formula: , where is the width of the retractable blade after expansion, where the ratio of the length to the width of the smoke outlet is Satisfies the formula: .

[0016] Optionally, the smoke exhaust device also includes a smoke exhaust fan arranged at the smoke exhaust port, a control module electrically connected to the smoke exhaust fan, and a smoke alarm sensor electrically connected to the control module, wherein the control module is configured to control the working state of the smoke exhaust fan according to the smoke alarm signal of the smoke alarm sensor.

[0017] A second aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure provides a control method for top smoke exhaust, the control method being implemented according to the above-mentioned smoke exhaust device, comprising:

[0018] Receive smoke alarm signals;

[0019] Adaptively adjusting the lifting position and deployment configuration of the retractable blades based on the smoke alarm signal;

[0020] The unfolded size of the retractable blades and the exhaust efficiency of the exhaust port satisfy the formula:

[0021] , where: For smoke exhaust efficiency, is a constant, is the length of the retractable blade after expansion, where ≤10m, is the length of the smoke exhaust port, where ≤8m, is the width of the retractable blade after expansion, where < , is the width of the building with smoke exhaust vents, is the width of the smoke outlet, where ≤5m.

[0022] Optionally, when the driving mechanism pushes the retractable blade to move away from the smoke exhaust port through the first vertical baffle or the second vertical baffle, the vertical descending height of the retractable blade and the smoke exhaust efficiency of the smoke exhaust port satisfy the formula:

[0023] , where: For smoke exhaust efficiency, is a constant, is the height to which the retractable blades are vertically lowered, wherein, ≤0.5m, is the width of the building with smoke exhaust vents, where ≤8m, is the exhaust velocity of the exhaust port, where ≤15m / s, is the acceleration due to gravity, is the ceiling height of the building with smoke exhaust vents, where ≤9m.

[0024] According to a third aspect of the present disclosure, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, on which a computer program is stored.

[0025] When the computer program is executed by a processor, the control method described above can be implemented.

[0026] The beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present disclosure include:

[0027] In the present disclosure, the retractable blade cover is provided at the smoke outlet, thereby ensuring the sealing of the smoke outlet. Furthermore, in the event of a fire, the retractable blades of the smoke exhaust device can be vertically lowered and horizontally extended. According to the above-defined formula, the expanded dimensions of the retractable blades can be quantitatively calculated and determined based on the expanded dimensions of the smoke outlet and the retractable blades, thereby achieving the purpose of improving smoke exhaust efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a smoke exhaust device for top smoke exhaust according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of a smoke exhaust device for top smoke exhaust according to another embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein the positional relationship between the transmission mechanism and the smoke exhaust port is illustrated;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic top view of a smoke exhaust device for top smoke exhaust according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of a building body according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0032] Figure 5 The figure is a schematic top view of a retractable blade according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0033] In the figure, 10, building body; 1, transmission mechanism; 2, retractable blades; 3, smoke exhaust port; 11, first vertical baffle; 12, second vertical baffle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the present disclosure, the present disclosure is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0035] The following is a further detailed description of the embodiments of the present application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. The detailed descriptions and drawings of the following examples are used to illustrate the principles of the present application, but are not used to limit the scope of the present application, that is, the present application is not limited to the described embodiments. In the description of the present application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "multiple" is more than two; the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inside", "outside", etc. is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. "Vertical" is not perpendicular in the strict sense, but is within the allowable error range. "Parallel" is not parallel in the strict sense, but is within the allowable error range.

[0036] It should also be noted that, in the description of this application, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "installed," "connected," and "connected" should be understood broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediary. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of these terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0037] like Figure 1-5 As shown, a smoke exhaust device for top smoke exhaust includes: a drive mechanism disposed at a top smoke exhaust port, a transmission mechanism connected to the drive mechanism, and retractable blades covering the smoke exhaust port and connected to an end of the transmission mechanism away from the drive mechanism. Specifically, the drive mechanism drives the retractable blades to move vertically via the transmission mechanism.

[0038] Wherein, in the building body in the form of a narrow and long passage, the retractable blades are configured to be able to be expanded horizontally, and the expanded size of the retractable blades and the smoke exhaust efficiency of the smoke exhaust port satisfy formula (2):

[0039] (2), where: For smoke exhaust efficiency, is a constant, is the length of the retractable blade after expansion, where ≤10m, is the length of the smoke exhaust port, where ≤8m, is the width of the retractable blade after expansion, where < , is the width of the building with smoke exhaust vents, is the width of the smoke outlet, where ≤5m, m is the unit meter.

[0040] The derivation process of formula (2) is briefly introduced as follows:

[0041] set up is the exhaust efficiency of the exhaust port, is the length of the retractable blade after expansion, is the length of the smoke exhaust port, is the width of the retractable blade after expansion, is the width of the smoke exhaust port, is the dimensionless fire source heat release rate, is the height to which the retractable blades descend vertically, is the width of the building with smoke exhaust vents, is the exhaust velocity of the exhaust port, is the acceleration due to gravity, It is the height of the building with smoke exhaust vents.

[0042] The exhaust efficiency of the exhaust port depends on all the above parameters. According to dimensional analysis, it can be obtained that:

[0043]

[0044] By using the control variable method, without changing the exhaust speed of the exhaust port, the height and width of the building body, the vertical drop height of the retractable blades, and the size of the fire source, we can obtain:

[0045]

[0046] in

[0047] Calculate the design conditions and get , , The series data is fitted by the following model:

[0048] in

[0049] It is not a fixed number here, but it is related to 、 There is no relationship between the two, and because we are right or Take the derivative, and then find or of. For variables and For example, it can be regarded as a constant, let ,

[0050] By fitting the data , , , , , coefficient of determination , the model is fitted successfully.

[0051] In the present disclosure, the retractable blade cover is provided at the smoke outlet, thereby ensuring the sealing of the smoke outlet. Furthermore, in the event of a fire, the retractable blades of the smoke exhaust device can be vertically lowered and horizontally extended. According to the above-defined formula, the expanded dimensions of the retractable blades can be quantitatively calculated and determined based on the expanded dimensions of the smoke outlet and the retractable blades, thereby achieving the purpose of improving smoke exhaust efficiency.

[0052] In some embodiments, the retractable blades include two first blades 21 vertically opposed to each other along the smoke exhaust port, and two second blades 22 transversely opposed to each other along the smoke exhaust port, wherein the first blades 21 are slidably superimposed on the second blades 22, and the first blades 21 and the second blades 22 jointly cover the smoke exhaust port. It is understood that the vertical direction of the smoke exhaust port is its length direction, and the transverse direction of the smoke exhaust port is its width direction.

[0053] It can be understood that the retractable blades are vertically extended through the two first pieces 21 and horizontally extended through the two second pieces 22 .

[0054] In some embodiments, the transmission mechanism includes two first vertical baffles 11 relatively spaced apart on both sides of the smoke exhaust port in the vertical direction, one end of each first vertical baffle 11 is connected to the driving mechanism, and the other end is connected to the first sheet 21, wherein the driving mechanism is configured to push the first sheet 21 to move away from the smoke exhaust port or vertically toward the smoke exhaust port through the first vertical baffle 11.

[0055] In some embodiments, the transmission mechanism also includes two second vertical baffles 12 that are relatively spaced apart and arranged on both sides of the smoke exhaust port, one end of each second vertical baffle 12 is connected to the driving mechanism, and the other end is connected to the second sheet 22, wherein the driving mechanism is configured to push the second sheet 22 to move away from the smoke exhaust port or to move laterally toward the smoke exhaust port through the second vertical baffle 12.

[0056] In some embodiments, the drive mechanism includes a first drive unit disposed at the smoke exhaust port, and two second drive units and two third drive units connected to the first drive unit, wherein the two second drive units are respectively in transmission connection with the two first vertical baffles, and the two third drive units are respectively in transmission connection with the two second vertical baffles, wherein the first drive unit is configured to drive the second drive unit and the third drive unit and simultaneously drive the retractable blades to move vertically downward. That is, the first drive unit can simultaneously drive the second drive unit, the third drive unit, and the retractable blades to move away from the smoke exhaust port.

[0057] Furthermore, the two second drive units are configured to respectively drive the two first vertical baffles 11 to move horizontally, and drive the first plate 21 to move horizontally through the first vertical baffles 11. The two third drive units are configured to respectively drive the two second vertical baffles 12 to move horizontally, and drive the second plate 22 to move horizontally through the second vertical baffles 12. Specifically, the first drive unit is a vertical linear drive, which can drive the second drive unit and the third drive unit to move vertically via a screw rod or a pressure cylinder. The second drive unit and the third drive unit are both horizontal linear drives, which can respectively drive the first vertical baffle 11 or the second vertical baffle 12 to move horizontally via a screw rod or a pressure cylinder.

[0058] In some embodiments, when the driving mechanism pushes the retractable blade to move away from the smoke exhaust port through the first vertical baffle or the second vertical baffle, the vertical descending height of the retractable blade and the smoke exhaust efficiency of the smoke exhaust port satisfy formula (1):

[0059] (1), where: For smoke exhaust efficiency, is a constant, is the height to which the retractable blades are vertically lowered, wherein, ≤0.5m, is the width of the building with smoke exhaust vents, where ≤8m, is the exhaust velocity of the exhaust port, where ≤15m / s, is the acceleration due to gravity, is the height of the building with smoke exhaust vents, where ≤9m.

[0060] The derivation process of formula (1) is briefly introduced as follows:

[0061] set up is the exhaust efficiency of the exhaust port, is the length of the retractable blade after expansion, is the length of the smoke exhaust port, is the width of the retractable blade after expansion, is the width of the smoke exhaust port, is the dimensionless fire source heat release rate, is the height to which the retractable blades descend vertically, is the width of the building with smoke exhaust vents, is the exhaust velocity of the exhaust port, is the acceleration due to gravity, It is the height of the building with smoke exhaust vents.

[0062] The exhaust efficiency of the exhaust port depends on all the above parameters. According to dimensional analysis, it can be obtained that:

[0063]

[0064] By using the control variable method, without changing the length of the retractable blade after expansion, the width of the retractable blade after expansion, the length of the smoke exhaust port, the width of the smoke exhaust port and the size of the fire source, we can get:

[0065]

[0066] in

[0067] Calculate the design conditions and get , , The series data is fitted by the following model:

[0068]

[0069] in

[0070] It is not a fixed number here, but it is related to It doesn't matter, because we are right Take the derivative, and then find of. For variables For example, it can be regarded as a constant, let ,

[0071] By fitting the data , , , , , coefficient of determination , the model is fitted successfully.

[0072] In the present disclosure, when a fire occurs, the retractable blades of the smoke exhaust device can be vertically lowered, and the retractable blades can be horizontally expanded. According to the above-mentioned limited formula, the height to which the retractable blades can be lowered can be quantitatively calculated and determined based on the size of the building column with the smoke exhaust port and the smoke exhaust parameters, thereby achieving the purpose of improving the smoke exhaust efficiency.

[0073] In some embodiments, when the smoke exhaust port is rectangular and the length and width of the rectangular smoke exhaust port are not equal, the following formula (3) is included, wherein formula (3) includes:

[0074] The modified length of the retractable blade after expansion satisfies the formula: , where is the corrected length of the retractable blade after expansion, To correct the parameters,

[0075] And the modified width of the retractable blade after expansion satisfies the formula: , where is the width of the retractable blade after expansion, where the ratio of the length to the width of the smoke outlet is Satisfies the formula: .

[0076] The derivation process of formula (3) is briefly introduced as follows:

[0077] Since formula (2) assumes that the length and width of the smoke exhaust port are equal, if the length of the smoke exhaust port and width Not equal, when When it is known, the design series of working conditions are calculated and the obtained .

[0078] The ratio of the length to the width of the smoke exhaust port , which can be expressed as .

[0079] because Known, then is a constant, in formula (2), right Seek the derivative,

[0080] Can be obtained .

[0081] , The time can be fitted by the following model:

[0082]

[0083] Based on the working condition data,

[0084] get , , coefficient of determination , the model is fitted successfully.

[0085] The following formula can be obtained:

[0086]

[0087] Similarly, if It is known that the design series of working conditions can be calculated to obtain .

[0088] because Known, then is a constant, in formula (2), right Seek the derivative,

[0089] Can be obtained .

[0090] , The time can be fitted by the following model:

[0091]

[0092] Based on the data in the above table,

[0093] get , , coefficient of determination , the model is fitted successfully.

[0094] The following formula can be obtained:

[0095]

[0096] In the present disclosure, according to the above-defined formula, the unfolded size of the retractable blades can be quantitatively calculated and determined according to the shape of the smoke exhaust port, thereby achieving the purpose of improving the smoke exhaust efficiency.

[0097] In some embodiments, the smoke exhaust device also includes a smoke exhaust fan arranged at the smoke exhaust port, a control module electrically connected to the smoke exhaust fan, and a smoke alarm sensor electrically connected to the control module, wherein the control module is configured to control the working state of the smoke exhaust fan according to the smoke alarm signal of the smoke alarm sensor.

[0098] Specifically, when no fire occurs, the retractable blades of the smoke exhaust device are arranged to fit against the top surface of the building body, and the first vertical baffle and the second vertical baffle of the smoke exhaust device are arranged to be accommodated in the smoke exhaust port.

[0099] In some embodiments, the retractable blade is rectangular, and two first vertical baffles are spaced apart along the width direction of the retractable blade, and two second vertical baffles are spaced apart along the length direction of the retractable blade.

[0100] In some embodiments, after the retractable blade vertically descends to the calculated height, the driving mechanism drives the first vertical baffle to drive the first plate to move and extend vertically outward of the smoke exhaust port along the width direction of the retractable blade to the width of the retractable blade. At the same time, the driving mechanism drives the second vertical baffle to drive the second sheet to unfold along the length direction of the retractable blade to reach the length of the retractable blade. Stop when

[0101] In some embodiments, the retractable blades and the vertical baffles are made of non-combustible materials with a thickness not exceeding 0.01 m.

[0102] In some embodiments, the total time for the drive mechanism to drive the retractable blades to vertically descend and horizontally unfold to their full length does not exceed 15 seconds.

[0103] In the present disclosure, when the smoke exhaust fan of the mechanical smoke exhaust system is started, the smoke flow field of the top smoke exhaust port is changed by the special structure after the smoke exhaust device is turned on, thereby improving the smoke exhaust efficiency.

[0104] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0105] (1) The smoke exhaust device of the present invention is used to improve the mechanical smoke exhaust efficiency of the top smoke exhaust port. When the smoke exhaust fan is started after a fire occurs, the vertical baffle and the retractable blades move to form a specific structure to change the smoke flow field of the top smoke exhaust port, inhibit the smoke exhaust port from sucking in cold air, thereby improving the mechanical smoke exhaust efficiency of the top smoke exhaust port and facilitating the safe evacuation of trapped personnel and the safe implementation of rescue operations.

[0106] (2) The smoke exhaust device of the present invention is used for improving the mechanical smoke exhaust efficiency of the top smoke exhaust port. When there is no fire, the vertical baffle is located in the smoke exhaust port, and the retractable blades cover the top smoke exhaust port. The smoke exhaust device does not occupy the functional space of the building body and is more beautiful. Compared with the traditional louver-type smoke exhaust valve, the air leakage is smaller and the sealing is better.

[0107] (3) The smoke exhaust device for improving the mechanical smoke exhaust efficiency of the top smoke exhaust port of the present invention is applicable to both the top smoke exhaust ports of buildings under construction and existing buildings, and the device has a simple structure and is easy to implement.

[0108] (4) The smoke exhaust device of the present invention for improving the efficiency of mechanical smoke exhaust at the top smoke exhaust port can be realized by linking the smoke exhaust fan with the smoke exhaust device as long as the building adopts a mechanical smoke exhaust system, and can be quickly used.

[0109] Example 1

[0110] To verify the design of the smoke exhaust device presented in this paper, a full-scale physical model was constructed using FDS 6.7.5 and smoke exhaust simulations were performed. The fire source was set to n-heptane, the building walls were constructed of concrete, and the simulation time was set to 100 seconds (the smoke exhaust process reached steady state). CO2 and CO mass flow rate slices were placed along the tunnel cross section 5 meters to the right of the fire source (near the smoke exhaust outlet). Additionally, CO2 and CO mass flow rate slices were placed above the smoke exhaust outlet.

[0111] Smoke exhaust efficiency (calculated in CO2) , is the exhaust efficiency of the exhaust port (calculated in CO2), is the amount of CO2 discharged from the exhaust port, g / s, is the amount of CO2 produced on the right side of the fire source, g / s.

[0112] Smoke exhaust efficiency (calculated in CO) , is the exhaust efficiency of the exhaust port (calculated in CO), is the amount of CO discharged from the exhaust port, g / s, is the amount of CO produced on the right side of the fire source, g / s.

[0113] The tunnel studied was 70m long, 8m wide, and 4.5m high. The tunnel entrances were simulated as free boundaries, and the ambient temperature was 20°C. The fire source measured 2m × 2m × 1m, located 30m and 40m from the tunnel exits, respectively. The fire source power was set to 40MW, representing a large tunnel fire. The smoke exhaust port measured 1m × 1m, located 20m from one end of the tunnel and 20m from the fire source. A constant-volume exhaust fan was used for the mechanical smoke exhaust, with a wind speed of 10m / s at the exhaust port.

[0114] According to the above actual project, the width of the main building , exhaust speed of the exhaust port , the ceiling height of the building column , substituting into formula (1) we can get:

[0115]

[0116] In the above formula: For smoke exhaust efficiency; is a constant; The height to which the retractable blades of the smoke exhaust device descend vertically; is the acceleration due to gravity, take Therefore, we established the functional relationship between the smoke exhaust efficiency and the vertical drop height of the retractable blades of the smoke exhaust device, and Taking the derivative, we can get the vertical drop height of the retractable blade of the smoke exhaust device .

[0117] The traditional louvered smoke exhaust valve is considered to be fully open during smoke exhaust. A corresponding numerical model is established for calculation, and the simulation setting conditions are consistent with those of the smoke exhaust device of the present invention.

[0118] Table 1 compares the smoke exhaust efficiency of the present invention and the traditional louvered smoke exhaust valve. It is found that the smoke exhaust device proposed by the present invention improves the smoke exhaust efficiency by 50%.

[0119] Table 1

[0120]

[0121] Example 2

[0122] In a tunnel mechanical smoke exhaust project, the wind speed at the smoke exhaust port is 15m / s, and other conditions are the same as those in Example 1. , exhaust speed of the exhaust port , the ceiling height of the building column , substituting into formula (1) we can get:

[0123]

[0124] The above formula is correct Taking the derivative, we can get the vertical drop height of the retractable blade of the smoke exhaust device Table 2 compares the smoke exhaust efficiency of the present invention and the traditional louvered smoke exhaust valve. It is found that the smoke exhaust device proposed by the present invention improves the smoke exhaust efficiency by 48%.

[0125] Table 2

[0126]

[0127] Example 3

[0128] In order to verify the design scheme of the smoke exhaust device of the present invention, a full-scale physical model of a tunnel was established based on actual engineering using smoke flow analysis software and numerical simulation calculations were performed. The tunnel under study is 200m long, 8m wide and 6m high. During the simulation, the entrances at both ends of the tunnel are free boundaries, and the simulated ambient temperature is 20°C. The fire source size is 2m×2m×1m, and the distance from the exits at both ends of the tunnel is 100m. The fire source power is set to 40MW, representing a large tunnel fire. The smoke exhaust port size is 1m×1m, and it is 20m away from the fire source. The mechanical smoke exhaust device adopts a constant air volume smoke exhaust fan, and the wind speed at the smoke exhaust port is 5m / s. Other numerical simulation setting conditions are consistent with the situation in Example 1.

[0129] According to the above actual project, the width of the main building , exhaust speed of the exhaust port , the ceiling height of the building column , substituting into formula (1) we can get:

[0130]

[0131] In the above formula: For smoke exhaust efficiency; is a constant; The height to which the retractable blades of the smoke exhaust device descend vertically; is the acceleration due to gravity, take Therefore, we established the functional relationship between the smoke exhaust efficiency and the vertical drop height of the retractable blades of the smoke exhaust device, and Taking the derivative, we can get the vertical drop height of the retractable blade of the smoke exhaust device Table 3 compares the smoke exhaust efficiency of the present invention and the traditional louvered smoke exhaust valve. It is found that the smoke exhaust device proposed by the present invention improves the smoke exhaust efficiency by 43%.

[0132] Table 3

[0133]

[0134] Example 4

[0135] In order to verify the design scheme of the smoke exhaust device of the present invention, a full-scale evacuation corridor physical model was established based on actual engineering using smoke flow analysis software, and numerical simulation calculations were performed. The evacuation corridor under study is 50m long, 5m wide and 3m high. During the simulation, the entrances at both ends of the evacuation corridor are free boundaries, and the simulated ambient temperature is 20°C. The fire source size is 1m×1m×1m, and the distance from both ends of the evacuation corridor is 25m. The fire source power is set to 10MW. The smoke exhaust port size is 1m×1m, and it is 15m away from one end of the evacuation corridor and 10m away from the fire source. The mechanical smoke exhaust device adopts a constant air volume smoke exhaust fan, and the wind speed at the smoke exhaust port is 10m / s. Other numerical simulation setting conditions are consistent with the situation in Example 1.

[0136] According to the above actual project, the width of the main building , exhaust speed of the exhaust port , ceiling height , substituting into formula (1) we can get:

[0137]

[0138] In the above formula: For smoke exhaust efficiency; is a constant; The height to which the retractable blades of the smoke exhaust device descend vertically; is the acceleration due to gravity, take Therefore, we established the functional relationship between the smoke exhaust efficiency and the vertical drop height of the retractable blades of the smoke exhaust device, and Taking the derivative, we can get the vertical drop height of the retractable blade of the smoke exhaust device Table 4 compares the smoke exhaust efficiency of the present invention and the traditional louvered smoke exhaust valve. It is found that the smoke exhaust device and method proposed by the present invention improves the smoke exhaust efficiency by 48%.

[0139] Table 4

[0140]

[0141] It should be noted that Examples 1 to 4 verify the effect of the reduced height of the retractable blades determined by calculation in the present invention on improving the exhaust efficiency. It is also necessary to verify that the change in size of the retractable blades after they are unfolded further improves the exhaust efficiency.

[0142] Example 5

[0143] Based on actual engineering, a full-scale physical model of a tunnel was established using smoke flow analysis software and numerical simulation calculations were performed. The tunnel under study is 500m long, 6m wide and 5m high. During the simulation, the entrances at both ends of the tunnel are free boundaries, and the simulated ambient temperature is 20°C. The fire source size is 2m×2m×1m, and the distance from the exits at both ends of the tunnel is 200m and 300m respectively. The fire source power is set to 40MW, representing a large tunnel fire. The smoke exhaust port size is 1m×1m, and it is 180m away from one end of the tunnel and 20m away from the fire source. The negative pressure generated by the mechanical smoke exhaust system at the smoke exhaust port is 20Pa. Other numerical simulation setting conditions are consistent with the situation in Example 1.

[0144] Due to the length of the exhaust port , the width of the smoke outlet , substituting into formula (2) we can get:

[0145]

[0146] The above formula right Taking partial derivatives, we can get:

[0147]

[0148] right Taking partial derivatives, we can get:

[0149]

[0150] Depend on and , thus we can obtain , .

[0151] Table 5 compares the smoke exhaust efficiency of this embodiment and the traditional louvered smoke exhaust valve. It is found that the smoke exhaust device proposed in the present invention improves the smoke exhaust efficiency by 118%.

[0152] Table 5

[0153]

[0154] Example 6

[0155] In a tunnel mechanical smoke exhaust project, the engineering conditions are the same as those in Example 5. Due to some restrictions, the length of the retractable blades of the smoke exhaust device after expansion is fixed and equal to the length of the smoke exhaust port, that is, Substituting into formula (2) we get:

[0156]

[0157] The above formula is correct Taking the derivative, we can get the width of the retractable blades of the smoke exhaust device after they are unfolded. Table 6 compares the smoke exhaust efficiency of this embodiment with that of a traditional louvered smoke exhaust valve, and it is found that the smoke exhaust device proposed in the present invention improves the smoke exhaust efficiency by 39%.

[0158] Table 6

[0159]

[0160] Example 7

[0161] In a tunnel mechanical smoke exhaust project, the size of the smoke exhaust port is 2.4m×0.6m, and other conditions are the same as those in Example 5. Due to some restrictions, the length of the retractable blades of the smoke exhaust device after expansion is fixed and equal to the length of the smoke exhaust port, that is, Due to the length of the exhaust port , the width of the smoke outlet , substituting into formula (2) we can get:

[0162]

[0163] The above formula is correct Taking the derivative, we can get .

[0164] Since the length and width of the smoke exhaust port are not equal, Make corrections because , substituting into formula (3), we can get the width of the retractable blades of the smoke exhaust device after unfolding, .

[0165] Table 7 compares the smoke exhaust efficiency of the present invention and the traditional louvered smoke exhaust valve. It is found that the smoke exhaust device proposed by the present invention improves the smoke exhaust efficiency by 84%.

[0166] Table 7

[0167]

[0168] Example 8

[0169] In a tunnel mechanical smoke exhaust project, the building body and the smoke exhaust port are the same as those in Example 7. Due to some limitations, the width of the retractable blades of the smoke exhaust device is fixed after expansion. Due to the length of the exhaust port , the width of the smoke outlet , substituting into formula (2) we can get:

[0170]

[0171] The above formula is correct Taking the derivative, we can get .

[0172] Since the length and width of the smoke exhaust port are not equal, Make corrections because , substituting into formula (3), we can get the length of the retractable blade of the smoke exhaust device after it is unfolded, .

[0173] Table 8 compares the smoke exhaust efficiency of the present invention and the traditional louvered smoke exhaust valve. It is found that the smoke exhaust device and method proposed in the present invention improve the smoke exhaust efficiency by 30%.

[0174] Table 8

[0175]

[0176] Example 9

[0177] In order to further verify the design scheme of the smoke exhaust device and method of the present invention, a full-scale evacuation corridor physical model was established based on actual engineering using smoke flow analysis software, and numerical simulation calculations were performed. The evacuation corridor under study is 60m long, 4m wide, and 3.5m high. During the simulation, the entrances at both ends of the evacuation corridor are free boundaries, and the simulated ambient temperature is 20°C. The fire source size is 1m×1m×1m, and the distance from both ends of the evacuation corridor is 30m. The fire source power is set to 10MW. The smoke exhaust port size is 0.6m×0.8m, and it is 10m away from one end of the evacuation corridor and 20m away from the fire source. Due to some restrictions, the length of the retractable blades of the smoke exhaust device after expansion is fixed and equal to the length of the smoke exhaust port, that is, Due to the length of the exhaust port , the width of the smoke outlet , substituting into formula (2) we can get:

[0178]

[0179] The above formula is correct Taking the derivative, we can get .

[0180] Since the length and width of the smoke exhaust port are not equal, Make corrections because , substituting into formula (3), we can get the width of the retractable blades of the smoke exhaust device after unfolding, .

[0181] Table 9 compares the smoke exhaust efficiency of the present invention and the traditional louvered smoke exhaust valve. It is found that the smoke exhaust device and method proposed in the present invention improve the smoke exhaust efficiency by 24%.

[0182] Table 9

[0183]

[0184] A second aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure provides a control method for top smoke exhaust, the control method being implemented according to the above-mentioned smoke exhaust device, comprising:

[0185] Receive smoke alarm signals;

[0186] Adaptively adjusting the lifting position and deployment configuration of the retractable blades based on the smoke alarm signal;

[0187] The unfolded size of the retractable blades and the exhaust efficiency of the exhaust port satisfy the formula:

[0188] , where: For smoke exhaust efficiency, is a constant, is the length of the retractable blade after expansion, is the length of the smoke exhaust port, is the width of the retractable blades after they are unfolded, is the width of the smoke exhaust port.

[0189] In some embodiments, when the driving mechanism pushes the retractable blade to move away from the smoke exhaust port through the first vertical baffle or the second vertical baffle, the vertical descending height of the retractable blade and the smoke exhaust efficiency of the smoke exhaust port satisfy the formula:

[0190] , where: For smoke exhaust efficiency, is a constant, is the height to which the retractable blades are vertically lowered, is the width of the building with smoke exhaust vents, is the exhaust velocity of the exhaust port, is the acceleration due to gravity, It is the ceiling height of the building with smoke exhaust vents.

[0191] According to a third aspect of the present disclosure, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, on which a computer program is stored.

[0192] When the computer program is executed by a processor, the control method described above can be implemented.

[0193] The computer-readable medium may be included in the apparatus, device, or system of the present invention, or may exist independently.

[0194] Among them, computer-readable storage media can be any tangible medium that contains or stores a program, which can be an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, device, or equipment. More specific examples include, but are not limited to: an electrical connection with one or more wires, a portable computer disk, a hard disk, an optical fiber, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), a portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination thereof.

[0195] The computer-readable storage medium may also include a data signal propagated in baseband or as part of a carrier wave, which carries computer-readable program code, specific examples of which include but are not limited to electromagnetic signals, optical signals, or any suitable combination thereof.

[0196] It is understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments for illustrating the principles of the present disclosure, and the present disclosure is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications and improvements without departing from the spirit and substance of the present disclosure, and such modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A control method for top smoke exhaust, characterized in that: The method is implemented according to a smoke exhaust device, which includes a driving mechanism arranged at a top smoke exhaust port, a transmission mechanism transmission-connected to the driving mechanism, and a retractable blade covering the smoke exhaust port and connected to the transmission mechanism at one end away from the driving mechanism; the retractable blade includes two first blades vertically oppositely arranged along the smoke exhaust port, and two second blades transversely oppositely arranged along the smoke exhaust port; the transmission mechanism includes two first vertical baffles relatively spaced apart on both vertical sides of the smoke exhaust port, one end of each first vertical baffle being transmission-connected to the driving mechanism, and the other end being connected to the first blade; the transmission mechanism also includes two second vertical baffles relatively spaced apart on both horizontal sides of the smoke exhaust port, one end of each second vertical baffle being transmission-connected to the driving mechanism, and the other end being connected to the second blade; The method comprises: The smoke exhaust device receives a smoke alarm signal; The smoke exhaust device adaptively adjusts the lifting position and deployment shape of the retractable blades based on the smoke alarm signal; the deployment size of the retractable blades and the smoke exhaust efficiency of the smoke exhaust port satisfy the formula: , where: For smoke exhaust efficiency, is a constant, is the length of the retractable blade after expansion, where ≤10m, is the length of the smoke exhaust port, where ≤8m, is the width of the retractable blade after expansion, where < , is the width of the building with smoke exhaust vents, is the width of the smoke outlet, where ≤5m, where: The smoke exhaust device is configured to adjust the horizontal expansion size of the retractable blades according to a smoke exhaust efficiency formula of the expansion size of the retractable blades; When the driving mechanism pushes the retractable blade to move away from the smoke exhaust port through the first vertical baffle or the second vertical baffle, the vertical descending height of the retractable blade and the smoke exhaust efficiency of the smoke exhaust port satisfy the formula: , where: For smoke exhaust efficiency, is a constant, is the height to which the retractable blades are vertically lowered, wherein, ≤0.5m, is the width of the building with smoke exhaust vents, ≤8m, is the exhaust velocity of the exhaust port, ≤15m / s, is the acceleration due to gravity, is the height of the building with smoke exhaust vents, ≤9m, of which, The smoke exhaust device is configured to adjust the vertical descending height of the retractable blade according to a smoke exhaust efficiency formula of the vertical descending height of the retractable blade.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The first sheet can be slidably stacked on the second sheet, and the first sheet and the second sheet jointly cover the smoke exhaust port; wherein, The driving mechanism is configured to push the first plate to move away from the smoke exhaust port or to move vertically toward the smoke exhaust port through the first vertical baffle.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The driving mechanism is configured to push the second plate to move away from the smoke exhaust port or to move laterally toward the smoke exhaust port through the second vertical baffle.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein When the smoke exhaust port is rectangular and the length and width of the rectangular smoke exhaust port are not equal, the corrected length of the retractable blades after unfolding satisfies the formula: , where is the corrected length of the retractable blade after expansion, is the correction parameter, and the correction width of the retractable blade after expansion satisfies the formula: , where is the width of the retractable blade after expansion, where the ratio of the length to the width of the smoke outlet is Satisfies the formula: ,in, The smoke exhaust device is configured to adjust the length and width of the retractable blade according to a correction formula for the length and width of the retractable blade.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein The smoke exhaust device further includes a smoke exhaust fan provided at the smoke exhaust port, a control module electrically connected to the smoke exhaust fan, and a smoke alarm sensor electrically connected to the control module, wherein: The control module is configured to control the working state of the smoke exhaust fan according to the smoke alarm signal of the smoke alarm sensor.

6. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the control method according to claim 1 can be implemented.

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