A large-scale field debris flow experimental model device

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of debris flow simulation tests, and discloses a large-scale field debris flow experimental model device, including a material bin, a bin door opening and closing mechanism, a slide, and a trough. Wherein: a bracket one is provided under the material bin, a discharge port facing the ground is provided on one side of the material bin, and a bin door is hinged at the discharge port. The bin door opening and closing mechanism includes a cylinder one and an air source connected to the cylinder, one end of the cylinder one is movably connected to the outer wall of the material bin, and the output end of the cylinder one is movably connected to the outer wall of the bin door. The slide includes an inclined slope and a bracket two supporting the slope, and the top of the slope is connected to the bottom end of the discharge port. The present invention can provide reliable experimental support for the research on the mechanism of debris flow disasters and the development of prevention and control technologies.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of debris flow simulation tests, in particular to a large-scale field debris flow test model device. Background Art

[0002] Debris flows are extremely destructive geological hazards characterized by sudden onset, rapid velocity, and high impact, posing a serious threat to mountain infrastructure, as well as to the safety of people and property. To deeply understand the formation mechanisms, movement patterns, and prevention measures of debris flows, physical simulations are often required to recreate the process of debris flow occurrence and evolution. However, existing debris flow testing equipment has numerous shortcomings, making it difficult to systematically study the movement characteristics and impact effects of debris flows under complex natural conditions.

[0003] Existing debris flow simulation test equipment is generally small in scale, with limited experimental space and low precision in material release control, making it difficult to simulate the real-world conditions of large-scale debris flows. Furthermore, outdoor debris flow simulation equipment relies on manual labor to open and close the doors, making it quite dangerous to use. Furthermore, existing equipment suffers from a single sensor layout and insufficient measurement points for impact force testing, making it difficult to obtain dynamic impact force data at different stages and spatial locations of a debris flow. Furthermore, material recovery and cleanup are inefficient, resulting in long testing cycles and increased testing costs and workload.

[0004] In response to the above technical problems, it is necessary to develop a large-scale outdoor debris flow test model device with a reasonable structure, precise control, complete testing functions, and convenient material recovery, so as to improve the authenticity of debris flow physical simulation tests and the comprehensiveness and accuracy of experimental data. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the technical problems raised in the background technology, the present invention provides a large-scale field debris flow experimental model device.

[0006] The present invention is implemented by adopting the following technical solutions: a large-scale field debris flow experimental model device comprises a material bin, a bin door opening and closing mechanism, a slideway and a trough.

[0007] A bracket is provided under the material bin, and a discharge port facing the ground is provided on one side of the material bin, and a bin door is hinged at the discharge port;

[0008] The door opening and closing mechanism is used to open and close the door;

[0009] The slideway includes an inclined slope and a bracket 2 supporting the slope, wherein the top end of the slope is connected to the bottom end of the discharge port;

[0010] The trough is set on the ground, and an interception mechanism for blocking debris flow is installed in the trough. A mounting frame for setting a sensor component is also installed on the trough, and the bottom end of the slide is located in the trough;

[0011] The interception mechanism includes a blocking net fixed in the channel, and a movable interception frame located between the blocking net and the channel, with two groups of impact force testing units distributed on the interception frame;

[0012] One group of test units is fixed to the bottom of the interception frame, and the other group of test units is slidably connected to the top of the interception frame. The test units include a fixed plate, a test plate, a number of pressure-bearing columns and a number of pressure sensors II. Both ends of the fixed plate are connected to the interception frame respectively. The test plate is arranged parallel to the front side of the fixed plate. The several pressure-bearing columns are slidably installed on the test plate. The several pressure sensors II are installed on the fixed plate, and the positions of the pressure sensors II correspond to the positions of the pressure columns one by one. A protective tube is also provided on the outside of each pressure sensor II. A notch is provided on one side of the protective tube for the pressure column to pass through. A sealing ring is provided on the inner wall of the notch.

[0013] A scraper is provided on the back of the fixing plate in the upper test unit.

[0014] Furthermore, the warehouse door opening and closing mechanism includes a cylinder 1 and an air source connected to the cylinder, one end of the cylinder 1 is movably connected to the outer wall of the material warehouse, and the output end of the cylinder 1 is movably connected to the outer wall of the warehouse door.

[0015] Furthermore, the warehouse door opening and closing mechanism also includes a safety component, which is used to provide additional locking force to the warehouse door, and the safety component includes a cylinder 2 and a pin plate installed on the outer wall of the material warehouse, wherein: cylinder 2 is connected to the air source, the output end of cylinder 2 is rotatably connected to one end of the pin plate, the middle part of the pin plate is rotatably connected to the material warehouse through a pin shaft, and the outer wall of the other end of the pin plate can contact the outer wall of the warehouse door.

[0016] Furthermore, the second bracket includes two symmetrically arranged panels, several cross bars and a scaffolding, wherein: the two panels are inclined, the bottom ends of the two panels and the outer wall of the material bin are rotatably connected, the two panels are connected by several cross bars, and the scaffolding is built on the periphery of the panels to fix the cross bars. The slope is composed of several unit panels, the two sides of the unit panels can be detachably fixed to the two panels, and several cross bars are supported underneath the several unit panels.

[0017] Furthermore, the intercepting frame includes two vertical plates, two card plates and a power unit. The vertical plates are fitted with the inner wall of the groove. A card slot is provided in the middle of the vertical plates, and the card slot is used to install the fixed plate in the test unit. Both sides of the vertical plates have positioning parts, and a plurality of positioning holes are distributed on the positioning parts. The card plate is provided on the outer wall of the groove and is connected to the outer wall through a plurality of compression springs. A plurality of positioning pins are distributed on the inner side of the card plate, and the ends of the positioning pins can move through the side wall of the groove and be plugged into the positioning holes.

[0018] Furthermore, the test unit also includes a driving motor, a screw and a slider. Strip holes are opened in the longitudinal direction on the two vertical plates, and sliders are slidably installed at the two strip holes. A screw is spirally connected to the middle of the slider, and the driving motor is arranged on the vertical plate and drives the screw to rotate. The two sliders are respectively used to connect to the two ends of the fixed plate in the movable test unit.

[0019] Furthermore, the power unit includes cylinder three, a sliding seat, and a separation assembly, wherein: cylinder three is arranged on the outer wall of the groove, the sliding seat is slidably connected to the top of the groove, and the separation assembly is used to drive the positioning pin and the positioning hole to separate before cylinder three works.

[0020] Furthermore, the separation assembly includes a cylinder four fixed on the top of the vertical plate, a push rod fixed on the output end of the cylinder four, a guide block fixed on the outer wall of the groove, a guide rod vertically slidably connected to the guide block, a top plate fixed on the top of the guide rod, a horizontal push rod fixed at the bottom of the guide rod, two pressure plates movably located on both sides of the card plate, and extrusion plates distributed and fixed on the outside of the two pressure plates, the two extrusion plates are distributed in an "eight" shape, and the distance between the two extrusion plates gradually decreases from bottom to top, and the two ends of the horizontal push rod can respectively contact the adjacent sides of the two extrusion plates, and the cylinder four drives the push rod to move through the sliding seat and contact the top plate, thereby pushing the top plate upward, causing the horizontal push rod to move upward, driving the two pressure plates to gradually move away from the card plate, and the compression spring one releases the elastic potential energy, causing the card plate to move away from the groove, and finally separating the positioning pin and the positioning hole.

[0021] Furthermore, the mounting frame includes a first frame rod, a second frame rod and an adjustable base arranged at both ends of the first frame rod, the adjustable base includes a buckle plate, a screw and a supporting nut, the buckle plate is detachably fixed to the top of the channel, the outer side of the buckle plate has a convex plate, the convex plate is provided with a through hole, the top end of the screw is connected to the first frame rod, the bottom end of the screw is movable through the through hole, the supporting nut is spirally connected to the screw and is located above the convex plate, the two ends of the second frame rod are connected to the two ends of the first frame rod through a swing arm, and the first frame rod is parallel to the second frame rod.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] The present invention provides a material bin and a bin door opening and closing mechanism, and utilizes a cylinder to drive the bin door to open, thereby achieving quantitative and timely precise release of materials, ensuring the consistency and controllability of the initial conditions of the test, avoiding human operation errors, and improving the reliability and repeatability of the test data.

[0024] The slideway proposed in this invention utilizes a modular design with unitized panels. The second support structure is constructed using a combination of panels, crossbars, and scaffolding. This allows for flexible construction and adjustment based on the terrain of different test sites, enhancing the device's outdoor adaptability. Furthermore, the panel joints are sealed to prevent moisture leakage, improving the stability and authenticity of the test process.

[0025] The present invention incorporates an auxiliary detection unit within the slideway groove. Combining a cylinder, a contact head, and a pressure sensor, this system forms a multi-point impact monitoring system, dynamically reflecting the distribution and dynamics of impact force during a debris flow's descent. The interception mechanism incorporates multiple impact force testing units, combined with fixed and movable test plates and multi-point pressure sensors, to collect impact data at different impact locations, enabling high-precision, multi-point, simultaneous impact force testing.

[0026] The intercepting frame of the present invention is provided with a movable testing unit, which adjusts the position of the fixed plate by driving the motor, slider and screw rod, and combined with the scraper setting, can automatically collect and recover the residual materials through the power system after the test, greatly improving the material cleaning efficiency and shortening the test preparation cycle.

[0027] The interception frame proposed in the present invention adopts a structure in which a positioning pin and a positioning hole cooperate, combined with a compression spring and a pneumatic separation component, which can achieve reliable locking before the test and rapid separation after the test, thereby realizing convenient disassembly and assembly of the test module and improving the maintenance and repair efficiency of the equipment.

[0028] The present invention proposes to arrange the first and second racks of the adjustable base to facilitate the deployment of measuring equipment such as laser sensors above the slide and the trough, thereby collecting more physical quantity information such as the velocity and volume of the debris flow, and expanding the depth and breadth of the experimental research.

[0029] In summary, the present invention can provide reliable experimental support for the research on the mechanism of debris flow disasters and the development of prevention and control technologies. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the overall structure of the debris flow test model device proposed in the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the material bin and slideway proposed in the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the channel and the interception mechanism therein proposed by the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 This is a side view of the overall structure of the debris flow test model device proposed by the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 1 A magnified view of point A;

[0035] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 1 Enlarged view of point B;

[0036] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 1 Enlarged view of point C;

[0037] Figure 8 A partial structural perspective view of a test unit of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the card plate and the riser of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the unit board in Example 2 of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 11 This is a cross-sectional view of the auxiliary detection unit at the cylinder in Example 2 of the present invention.

[0041] Description of main symbols:

[0042] 1. Material bin; 2. Bracket 1; 3. Bin door; 4. Cylinder 1; 5. Slide; 6. Slope; 7. Bracket 2; 8. Groove; 9. Interceptor mechanism; 10. Mounting frame; 11. Safety assembly; 12. Cylinder 2; 13. Pin plate; 14. Pin shaft; 15. Enclosure; 16. Crossbar; 17. Scaffolding; 18. Unit plate; 19. Groove; 20. Cylinder; 21. Docking tube; 22. Mounting hole; 23. Contact head; 24. Return spring; 25. Pressure sensor 1; 26. Blocking net; 29. ​​Vertical plate; 30. Card plate; 31. Card slot; 32. Positioning part; 33. Positioning hole; 34. Compression spring Spring one; 35. Positioning pin; 36. Fixing plate; 37. Test plate; 38. Pressure column; 39. Pressure sensor two; 40. Protective tube; 41. Notch; 42. Scraper; 43. Drive motor; 44. Screw; 45. Slider; 46. Strip hole; 47. Cylinder three; 48. Sliding seat; 49. Cylinder four; 50. Push rod; 51. Guide block; 52. Guide rod; 53. Push rod; 54. Push rod; 55. Pressure plate; 56. Extrusion plate; 57. Through hole; 58. Frame rod one; 59. Frame rod two; 61. Buckle plate; 62. Screw; 63. Support nut; 64. Protruding plate; 66. Swing arm. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods. It should be noted that, under the premise of no conflict, the various embodiments or technical features described below can be arbitrarily combined to form new embodiments.

[0044] Example 1

[0045] Reference Figures 1-9 This embodiment describes a large-scale field debris flow experimental model device in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The experimental model device mainly includes a material bin 1, a bin door opening and closing mechanism, a slide 5, and a trough 8.

[0046] A bracket 2 is provided below the material bin 1, and a discharge port facing the ground is provided on one side of the material bin 1, and a bin door 3 is hinged at the discharge port. A feed port can be provided on the top of the material bin 1 to facilitate the use of external engineering equipment such as an excavator to put materials into it.

[0047] The door opening and closing mechanism includes a cylinder 4 and an air source connected to the cylinder. One end of the cylinder 4 is movably connected to the outer wall of the material bin 1, and the output end of the cylinder 4 is movably connected to the outer wall of the door 3. This solution sets up a power supply and air source on one side of the site to conveniently provide power for the cylinder. Using cylinder 4 as the driving element has stronger locking force and facilitates automated control. There is no need to manually open the door 3 during the experiment, which is safer.

[0048] Since this device is located outdoors, the slide 5 proposed in this solution includes an inclined slope 6 and a second support 7 supporting the slope 6. The top of the slope 6 is connected to the bottom of the discharge port. The second support 7 includes a scaffolding 17 constructed of stainless steel pipes. The specific construction method depends on the site terrain and is adapted to local conditions.

[0049] In this solution, the trough 8 is arranged on the ground. The trough 8 can be a steel-concrete structure or a channel steel, and an interception mechanism 9 for blocking mudslides is installed in the trough 8. A mounting bracket 10 for setting a sensor component is also installed on the trough 8, and the bottom end of the slide 5 is located in the trough 8. Specifically, the bottom end of the slide 5 is supported on the inner bottom surface of the trough 8, and the slide 5 and the trough 8 can also be fixed by welding.

[0050] As an optional embodiment of the present invention, the bin door opening and closing mechanism further includes a safety assembly 11, which is used to provide additional locking force to the bin door 3, and the safety assembly 11 includes a cylinder 2 12 and a pin plate 13 installed on the outer wall of the material bin 1, wherein: the cylinder 2 12 is connected to the air source, the output end of the cylinder 2 12 is rotatably connected to one end of the pin plate 13, the middle part of the pin plate 13 is rotatably connected to the material bin 1 through a pin shaft 14, and the other end of the pin plate 13 can contact the outer wall of the bin door 3. During operation, the cylinder 2 12 is used to drive the pin plate 13 to rotate, so that the pin plate 13 blocks the bin door 3 from opening. When a debris flow test is required, the cylinder 2 12 is first used to drive the pin plate 13 to reset so that it no longer blocks the bin door 3 from opening, and then the cylinder 1 4 is operated to open the bin door 3, thereby quickly releasing the material.

[0051] It should be noted that the bracket 2 7 includes two symmetrically arranged panels 15, a plurality of cross bars 16 and a scaffolding 17, wherein: the two panels 15 are tilted, the bottom ends of the two panels 15 and the outer wall of the material bin 1 are rotatably connected, the two panels 15 are connected by a plurality of cross bars 16, the scaffolding 17 is built on the periphery of the panels 15 to fix the cross bars 16, the slope 6 is composed of a plurality of unit panels 18, the two sides of the unit panels 18 are detachably fixed to the two panels 15, and the plurality of cross bars 16 are supported below the plurality of unit panels 18. The joints of the unit panels 18 are sealed to effectively prevent moisture from leaking out, making the simulation effect more realistic and accurate. The material and surface roughness of the unit panels 18 can be selected according to the test simulation conditions.

[0052] During specific operation, the material is released from the material bin 1, slides down the slope 6, and then collides with the interception mechanism 9. Finally, the impact force generated by the debris flow is measured by the interception mechanism 9.

[0053] In this solution, the interception mechanism 9 includes a blocking net 26 fixed in the channel 8 and a movable interception frame located between the blocking net 26 and the channel 8, and a plurality of impact force testing units are distributed on the interception frame.

[0054] As an optional embodiment of the present invention, the intercepting frame includes two vertical plates 29, two card plates 30 and a power unit. The vertical plates 29 are in contact with the inner wall of the groove 8. A card slot 31 is provided in the middle of the vertical plate 29. The card slot 31 is used to install the test unit. Both sides of the vertical plate 29 have positioning parts 32. A plurality of positioning holes 33 are distributed on the positioning parts 32. The card plate 30 is provided on the outer wall of the groove 8 and is connected to the outer wall by a plurality of compression springs 34. A plurality of positioning pins 35 are distributed on the inner side of the card plate 30. The end of the positioning pin 35 can move through the side wall of the groove 8 and be plugged into the positioning hole 33.

[0055] The above solution allows for quick assembly and disassembly of the vertical plate 29 , and the combined operation of the plurality of positioning pins 35 allows the interception mechanism 9 to have a higher impact resistance when intercepting debris flows.

[0056] In this embodiment, the test unit includes two groups, one group of test units is fixed to the bottom of the card slot 31, and the other group of test units is slidably connected to the top of the card slot 31. The test unit includes a fixed plate 36, a test plate 37, a number of pressure-bearing columns 38 and a number of pressure sensors 2 39. The two ends of the fixed plate 36 are respectively connected to the card slots 31 on the two vertical plates 29. The test plate 37 is arranged parallel to the front side of the fixed plate 36. The number of pressure-bearing columns 38 are all slidably installed on the test plate 37. The number of pressure sensors 2 39 are all installed on the fixed plate 36, and the positions of the pressure sensors 2 39 correspond one to one to the positions of the pressure columns 38. A protective tube 40 is also provided on the outside of each pressure sensor 2 39. A notch 41 is opened on one side of the protective tube 40 for the pressure column 38 to pass through. A sealing ring is provided on the inner wall of the notch 41. A scraper 42 is provided on the back of the fixed plate 36 in the test unit above.

[0057] In this solution, the fixing plates 36 in the test units with fixed positions are connected to the slots 31 via bolts, while both ends of the fixing plates 36 in the other group of test units are slidably connected to the slots 31 .

[0058] There is enough distance between the fixed plate 36 in the lowest test unit and the bottom of the channel 8 to facilitate the passage of most debris flows, while some materials may be retained on the side close to the slideway 5 after impact.

[0059] Since the impact force at different positions may be inconsistent when a debris flow hits, this solution involves multiple pressure sensors 39 and corresponding pressure columns 38 at different positions, so as to test the impact force at multiple points and achieve better test results.

[0060] Furthermore, the test unit also includes a drive motor 43, a screw rod 44 and a slider 45. A strip hole 46 is opened in the longitudinal direction on the two vertical plates 29. Sliders 45 are slidably installed at the two strip holes 46. The middle part of the slider 45 is spirally connected to the screw rod 44, and the drive motor 43 is arranged on the vertical plate 29 and drives the screw rod 44 to rotate. The two sliders 45 are respectively used to connect to the two ends of the fixed plate 36 in the movable test unit.

[0061] Through the above structure, when the driving motor 43 of the present invention works to drive the screw 44 to rotate, the slider 45 and the corresponding fixed plate 36 can be moved. On the one hand, the position of the pressure sensor 2 39 in the two groups of test units can be adjusted, thereby changing the measurement point and obtaining multiple groups of measurement results.

[0062] As an optional embodiment of the present invention, the power unit includes a cylinder three 47, a sliding seat 48, and a separation assembly, wherein: the cylinder three 47 is arranged on the outer wall of the groove 8, the sliding seat 48 is slidably connected to the top of the groove 8, and the separation assembly is used to drive the positioning pin 35 and the positioning hole 33 to separate before the cylinder three 47 works.

[0063] It should be noted that the separation assembly includes a cylinder 49 fixed to the top of the vertical plate 29, a push rod 50 fixed to the output end of the cylinder 49, a guide block 51 fixed to the outer wall of the groove 8, a guide rod 52 vertically slidably connected to the guide block 51, a top plate 53 fixed to the top of the guide rod 52, a horizontal push rod 54 fixed to the bottom of the guide rod 52, two pressure plates 55 movably located on both sides of the card plate 30, and extrusion plates 56 distributed and fixed on the outside of the two pressure plates 55. The two extrusion plates 56 are in the shape of an "eight". The distance between the two extrusion plates 56 decreases from bottom to top, and the two ends of the horizontal push rod 54 can contact the adjacent sides of the two extrusion plates 56 respectively. The cylinder 49 drives the push rod 50 to move through the sliding seat 48 and contact the top plate 53, thereby pushing the top plate 53 upward, causing the horizontal push rod 54 to move upward, driving the two pressure plates 55 to gradually move away from the card plate 30. The compression spring 1 34 releases elastic potential energy, causing the card plate 30 to move away from the groove 8, and finally separating the positioning pin 35 and the positioning hole 33. Specifically, the sliding seat 48 is provided with a through hole 57 for the push rod 50 to pass through. When the push rod 50 passes through the through hole 57 on the sliding seat 48, the cylinder 3 47 is started to work, which can drive the sliding seat 48 to move synchronously.

[0064] Another function of the test unit is: after a test is completed, the separation component is first used to separate the positioning pin 35 on the clamping plate 30 and the positioning hole 33 on the vertical plate 29, and then the cylinder three 47 is used to drive the sliding seat 48 to move, which can drive the two groups of test units to move. First, the cylinder three 47 drives the two groups of test units to move toward the side close to the slide 5, and then the drive motor 43 is used to bring the two groups of test units closer, so that the bottom of the scraper 42 on the fixed plate 36 connected to the upper test unit gradually approaches the bottom surface of the groove 8, and a small distance is left between the bottom end of the scraper 42 and the bottom of the groove 8, and then the cylinder three 47 is used to drive the two groups of test units to move in the opposite direction, and the scraper 42 can be used to gather all the materials to one side.

[0065] In this embodiment, the mounting frame 10 includes a first rod 58, a second rod 59, and an adjustable base disposed at each end of the first rod 58. The adjustable base includes a gusset plate 61, a screw 62, and a support nut 63. The gusset plate 61 is removably fixed to the top of the channel 8. The outer side of the gusset plate 61 has a protrusion 64 with a perforation. The top end of the screw 62 is connected to the first rod 58, and the bottom end of the screw 62 is movable through the perforation. The support nut 63 is screwed to the screw 62 and located above the protrusion 64. The two ends of the second rod 59 are connected to the two ends of the first rod 58 via a swing arm 66, and the first rod 58 is parallel to the second rod 59. The first and second rods 58 and 59 can be equipped with laser sensors to detect indicators such as the movement speed during debris flow testing.

[0066] Example 2

[0067] Reference Figure 10-11 Furthermore, each of the unit plates 18 is provided with a groove 19, in which an auxiliary detection unit is arranged. The auxiliary detection unit includes a cylinder 20 rotatably arranged in the groove 19 and a docking cylinder 21 for positioning the cylinder 20, wherein: a plurality of mounting holes 22 are circumferentially distributed on the annular outer wall of the cylinder 20, and a contact head 23 is slidably arranged in each mounting hole 22, and the contact head 23 and the inner wall of the cylinder 20 are connected by a return spring 24, and the outer end of the contact head 23 is a circular arc surface so that it will not interfere with the inner wall of the groove 19 during rotation.

[0068] Several pressure sensors 25 are circumferentially disposed within the cylinder 20, contacting the inner ends of the contact heads 23. A docking sleeve 21 is coaxially disposed within the groove 19 with the cylinder 20, and the distal ends of the docking sleeves 21 at both ends can pass through the enclosure 15. The docking sleeves 21 are used to guide the wiring harness connected to the pressure sensors 25 out of the slideway 5. Through this solution, when a debris flow passes through the cylinder 20, it will contact the exposed contact heads 23, thereby pushing the contact heads 23 into contact with the corresponding pressure sensors 25. This can reflect the magnitude of the impact force of the debris flow at different locations. Furthermore, the impact force of the falling debris flow drives the cylinder 20 to rotate, causing the multiple circumferentially distributed contact heads 23 to generate pressure signals for the corresponding pressure sensors 25. This records the impact force of the debris flow at the same location at different times, thereby reflecting the energy change trend of the debris flow during its generation process.

[0069] The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and cannot be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any non-substantial changes and replacements made by technicians in this field on the basis of the present invention fall within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

Claims

1. A large-scale field debris flow experimental model device, characterized in that: include A material bin (1) is provided with a bracket (2) below, and a discharge port facing the ground is provided on one side of the material bin (1), and a bin door (3) is hingedly connected to the discharge port; A door opening and closing mechanism, which is used to open and close the door (3); A slideway (5) comprising an inclined slope (6) and a second bracket (7) supporting the slope (6), wherein the top end of the slope (6) is connected to the bottom end of the discharge port; A trough (8) is provided on the ground, and an interception mechanism (9) for blocking debris flow is installed in the trough (8), a mounting frame (10) for arranging a sensor assembly is also installed on the trough (8), and the bottom end of the slideway (5) is located in the trough (8); The interception mechanism (9) comprises a blocking net (26) fixed in the channel (8), and a movable interception frame located between the blocking net (26) and the channel (8), wherein two groups of impact force test units are distributed on the interception frame; One group of test units is fixed to the bottom of the interception frame, and the other group of test units is slidably connected to the top of the interception frame. The test units include a fixed plate (36), a test plate (37), a plurality of pressure-bearing columns (38), and a plurality of pressure sensors (39). Both ends of the fixed plate (36) are connected to the interception frame respectively. The test plate (37) is arranged parallel to the front side of the fixed plate (36). The plurality of pressure-bearing columns (38) are slidably mounted on the test plate (37). The plurality of pressure sensors (39) are mounted on the fixed plate (36) and the positions of the pressure sensors (39) correspond to the positions of the pressure columns (38). A protective tube (40) is further provided on the outside of each pressure sensor (39). A notch (41) is provided on one side of the protective tube (40). The notch (41) is for the pressure column (38) to pass through. A sealing ring is provided on the inner wall of the notch (41). A scraper (42) is provided on the back of the fixing plate (36) in the upper test unit; The intercepting frame includes two vertical plates (29), two card plates (30) and a power unit, wherein the vertical plates (29) are fitted with the inner wall of the groove (8), a card slot (31) is provided in the middle of the vertical plate (29), and the card slot (31) is used to install the fixing plate (36) in the test unit, and both sides of the vertical plate (29) have positioning parts (32), and a plurality of positioning holes (33) are distributed on the positioning parts (32). The card plate (30) is provided on the outer wall of the groove (8) and is connected to the outer wall by a plurality of compression springs (34). A plurality of positioning pins (35) are distributed on the inner side of the card plate (30), and the ends of the positioning pins (35) can be movably passed through the side wall of the groove (8) and plugged into the positioning holes (33); The power unit includes a cylinder three (47), a sliding seat (48) and a separation assembly. The cylinder three (47) is arranged on the outer wall of the groove (8), the sliding seat (48) is slidably connected to the top of the groove (8), and the separation assembly is used to drive the positioning pin (35) and the positioning hole (33) to separate before the cylinder three (47) works.

2. A large-scale field debris flow experimental model device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bin door opening and closing mechanism includes a cylinder 1 (4) and an air source connected to the cylinder. One end of the cylinder 1 (4) is movably connected to the outer wall of the material bin (1), and the output end of the cylinder 1 (4) is movably connected to the outer wall of the bin door (3).

3. A large-scale field debris flow experimental model device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The door opening and closing mechanism further includes a safety assembly (11), which is used to provide an additional locking force for the door (3), and the safety assembly (11) includes a second cylinder (12) and a pin plate (13) installed on the outer wall of the material bin (1), wherein: the second cylinder (12) is connected to the air source, the output end of the second cylinder (12) is rotatably connected to one end of the pin plate (13), the middle part of the pin plate (13) is rotatably connected to the material bin (1) through a pin shaft (14), and the outer wall of the other end of the pin plate (13) can contact the outer wall of the door (3).

4. A large-scale field debris flow experimental model device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bracket 2 (7) includes two symmetrically arranged panels (15), a plurality of cross bars (16) and a scaffolding (17), wherein: the two panels (15) are both inclined, the bottom ends of the two panels (15) and the outer wall of the material bin (1) are rotatably connected, the two panels (15) are connected by a plurality of cross bars (16), the scaffolding (17) is built on the periphery of the panels (15) for fixing the cross bars (16), the slope (6) is composed of a plurality of unit panels (18), the two sides of the unit panels (18) are detachably fixed to the two panels (15), and the plurality of cross bars (16) are supported below the plurality of unit panels (18).

5. A large-scale field debris flow experimental model device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The test unit further comprises a driving motor (43), a screw rod (44) and a slider (45). Strip holes (46) are longitudinally provided on the two vertical plates (29). Sliders (45) are slidably mounted at the two strip holes (46). The middle of the slider (45) is spirally connected to the screw rod (44). The driving motor (43) is provided on the vertical plate (29) and drives the screw rod (44) to rotate. The two sliders (45) are respectively used to connect to the two ends of the fixed plate (36) in the movable test unit.

6. A large-scale field debris flow experimental model device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The separation assembly comprises a cylinder four (49) fixed on the top of the vertical plate (29), a push rod (50) fixed on the output end of the cylinder four (49), a guide block (51) fixed on the outer wall of the groove (8), a guide rod (52) vertically slidably connected to the guide block (51), a top plate (53) fixed on the top of the guide rod (52), a horizontal push rod (54) fixed on the bottom of the guide rod (52), two pressing plates (55) movably located on both sides of the card plate (30), and extrusion plates (56) distributed and fixed on the outside of the two pressing plates (55), the two extrusion plates (56) being distributed in an "eight" shape. , the distance between the two extrusion plates (56) gradually decreases from bottom to top, and the two ends of the horizontal push rod (54) can respectively contact the adjacent sides of the two extrusion plates (56), and the cylinder four (49) drives the top rod (50) to move through the sliding seat (48) and contact with the top plate (53), thereby pushing the top plate (53) upward, causing the horizontal push rod (54) to move upward, driving the two pressure plates (55) to gradually move away from the card plate (30), and the compression spring one (34) releases elastic potential energy, causing the card plate (30) to move away from the groove (8), and finally separating the positioning pin (35) and the positioning hole (33).

7. A large-scale field debris flow experimental model device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting frame (10) includes a frame rod (58), a frame rod (59) and an adjustable base arranged at both ends of the frame rod (58), the adjustable base includes a buckle plate (61), a screw rod (62) and a supporting nut (63), the buckle plate (61) is detachably fixed to the top of the channel (8), the outer side of the buckle plate (61) has a convex plate (64), the convex plate (64) is provided with a through hole, the top end of the screw rod (62) is connected to the frame rod (58), the bottom end of the screw rod (62) is movable through the through hole, the supporting nut (63) is spirally connected to the screw rod (62) and is located above the convex plate (64), the two ends of the frame rod (59) are connected to the two ends of the frame rod (58) through the swing arm (66), and the frame rod (58) is parallel to the frame rod (59).

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