An induction sinking atmospheric transmission meter

Abstract

The present application provides an induction sinking atmospheric transmissometer, which relates to the technical field of atmospheric transmissometers. The induction sinking atmospheric transmissometer provided in the present application includes: an atmospheric transmissometer body, a driving mechanism for driving the atmospheric transmissometer body to rise or fall, a processor connected to the driving mechanism signal, an optical fiber fence arranged around the atmospheric transmissometer body, and one or more auxiliary sensors; the atmospheric transmissometer body is configured to be able to be in one or more working positions and one or more avoidance positions, and the driving mechanism is configured to be able to drive the atmospheric transmissometer body to rise to the working position or fall to the avoidance position; the optical fiber fence is used to obtain a vibration signal and send the vibration signal to the processor, and the auxiliary sensor is used to obtain an auxiliary judgment signal and send the auxiliary judgment signal to the processor; the processor generates an active avoidance strategy based on the vibration signal and the auxiliary judgment signal, and provides an active avoidance instruction to the driving mechanism based on the active avoidance strategy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This specification relates to the technical field of atmospheric transmissometers, and in particular to an induction sinking atmospheric transmissometer. Background Art

[0002] A transmissometer is an optical device that measures atmospheric transmittance between two points to estimate visibility. It can be configured as a dual-ended, opposite-beam setup. The transmitter emits a parallel beam of light, while the receiver detects the attenuation of the light intensity. Combined with the extinction coefficient, this device calculates the meteorological optical range (MOR) and runway visual range (RVR). Transmissometers can be installed in the touchdown zone, stop zone, and mid-zone of an airport runway. They should be installed no more than 120 meters, but no less than 90 meters, from either side of the runway centerline, approximately 300 meters inward from the runway threshold and stop zone, and in the middle of the runway, ensuring a safe distance from aircraft paths.

[0003] In special operating scenarios, such as brake failure due to hydrodynamic hydroplaning when a heavily loaded aircraft lands on a wet runway, lateral positioning deviation during a visual approach in low visibility conditions, or abnormal overshoot distance caused by failure of the thrust reverser during an emergency landing, the aircraft may exceed the runway end safety zone limit and collide with the atmospheric transmissometer, causing damage to the aircraft and / or the atmospheric transmissometer. Summary of the Invention

[0004] One or more embodiments of the present specification provide an induction sinking atmospheric transmissometer, comprising: an atmospheric transmissometer body, a driving mechanism for driving the atmospheric transmissometer body to rise or fall, a processor connected to the driving mechanism signal, a fiber optic fence arranged around the outside of the atmospheric transmissometer body, and one or more auxiliary sensors; the atmospheric transmissometer body is configured to be able to be in one or more working positions and one or more avoidance positions, and the driving mechanism is configured to be able to drive the atmospheric transmissometer body to rise to the working position or descend to the avoidance position; the fiber optic fence is used to obtain a vibration signal and send the vibration signal to the processor, and the auxiliary sensor is used to obtain an auxiliary judgment signal and send the auxiliary judgment signal to the processor; the processor generates an active avoidance strategy based on the vibration signal and the auxiliary judgment signal, and provides an active avoidance instruction to the driving mechanism based on the active avoidance strategy.

[0005] In some embodiments, the auxiliary sensor includes: one or more of millimeter wave reflection radar, infrared thermal sensor, and visual sensor; the auxiliary judgment signal includes one or more of millimeter wave reflection signal, thermal image signal, and optical image signal.

[0006] In some embodiments, the processor performs a joint judgment based on the vibration signal and one or more auxiliary judgment signals through a dynamic weight fusion model to generate the active avoidance strategy; the active avoidance strategy includes controlling the driving mechanism to drive the atmospheric transmission meter body to move to the avoidance position.

[0007] In some embodiments, the processor adjusts the weights of the vibration signal and one or more of the auxiliary judgment signals according to environmental parameters to obtain the confidence of the judgment result, and generates the active avoidance strategy when the confidence of the judgment result meets the preset confidence range; wherein, the environmental parameters include one or more of wind speed parameters, temperature parameters, time parameters, and weather parameters.

[0008] In some embodiments, the fiber optic fence includes multiple fiber optic fence defense zones, and the fiber optic fence is further used to obtain the trigger time difference of the vibration signals within the multiple fiber optic fence defense zones. The processor obtains the first speed information of the target object causing the vibration signal based on the trigger time difference and the defense zone spacing, and generates the active avoidance strategy based on the first speed information; and / or, the fiber optic fence is also used to obtain the frequency change characteristics, waveform duration and propagation distance of the vibration signal. The processor obtains the second speed information of the target object causing the vibration signal based on the frequency change characteristics, the waveform duration and the propagation distance, and generates the active avoidance strategy based on the second speed information.

[0009] In some embodiments, the auxiliary sensor includes a millimeter wave sensor, the auxiliary judgment signal includes third speed information of the target object; and the processor generates the active avoidance strategy based on the first speed information, the second speed information, and the third speed information.

[0010] In some embodiments, the active avoidance strategy includes: adjusting the descent speed of the atmospheric transmissometer body based on speed information of the target object.

[0011] In some embodiments, the auxiliary sensor includes a millimeter wave sensor, the auxiliary judgment signal includes distance information, azimuth information, height information and third speed information of the target object, the processor predicts the possible collision height based on the vibration signal and the auxiliary judgment signal, and generates the active avoidance strategy based on the possible collision height; and / or, the auxiliary sensor includes a visual sensor, the auxiliary judgment signal includes continuous frame images of the target object and timestamps corresponding to the continuous frame images, the processor obtains the instantaneous motion vector of the target object based on the vibration signal and the auxiliary judgment signal and predicts the possible collision height, and generates the active avoidance strategy based on the possible collision height.

[0012] In some embodiments, the active avoidance strategy includes: adjusting the avoidance position of the atmospheric transmissometer body based on the possible collision height.

[0013] In some embodiments, the active avoidance strategy includes: placing the atmospheric transmission instrument body in a second avoidance position below the first avoidance position based on the possible collision height; during the descent of the atmospheric transmission instrument body, when the atmospheric transmission instrument body is above the first avoidance position, increasing the descent speed of the atmospheric transmission instrument body; during the descent of the atmospheric transmission instrument body, when the atmospheric transmission instrument body is between the first avoidance position and the second avoidance position, gradually reducing the descent speed of the atmospheric transmission instrument body.

[0014] In some embodiments, the atmospheric transmissometer body includes an atmospheric transmissometer transmitting end and / or an atmospheric transmissometer receiving end; and the avoidance position is located above the ground or below the ground.

[0015] In some embodiments, the atmospheric transmission meter includes: a guide rail, a lifting platform that can rise or fall relative to the guide rail, the atmospheric transmission meter body is fixedly connected to the lifting platform, the driving mechanism drives the lifting platform to rise or fall, and the atmospheric transmission meter body is in one or more of the working positions and one or more of the avoidance positions through the rise or fall of the lifting platform.

[0016] In some embodiments, the atmospheric transmission meter includes: a accommodating well, an atmospheric transmission meter bracket arranged in the accommodating well and capable of rising or falling relative to the accommodating well, the atmospheric transmission meter body is fixedly connected to the atmospheric transmission meter bracket, the driving mechanism drives the atmospheric transmission meter bracket to rise or fall, and the atmospheric transmission meter body is in one or more of the working positions and one or more of the avoidance positions through the rising or falling of the atmospheric transmission meter bracket. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] This specification will be further described in the form of exemplary embodiments, which will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The same numbers in the drawings represent the same structures or steps.

[0018] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of an induction sinking atmospheric transmissometer according to some embodiments of this specification.

[0019] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of an induction sinking atmospheric transmission meter according to some embodiments of this specification.

[0020] Figure 3Schematic diagram of an induction sinking atmospheric transmissometer according to some embodiments of this specification.

[0021] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of an induction sinking atmospheric transmission meter according to other embodiments of this specification.

[0022] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of an induction sinking atmospheric transmission meter according to some other embodiments of this specification.

[0023] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of a fiber optic fence of an inductive sinking atmospheric transmissometer according to some embodiments of this specification.

[0024] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the defense zone of the fiber optic fence of the induction sunken atmospheric transmission meter according to some embodiments of this specification.

[0025] Markings in the figure: 1 atmospheric transmissometer body; 11 guide rail; 110 guide rail unit; 111 first inclined plane; 112 second inclined plane; 12 lifting platform; 13 lifting motor; 14 power wheel; 15 auxiliary wheel; 16 long hole; 2 driving mechanism; 3 processor; 4 fiber optic fence; 41 first fiber optic fence defense zone; 42 second fiber optic fence defense zone; 5 auxiliary sensor; 51 accommodating well; 52 atmospheric transmissometer bracket. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this specification, the embodiments will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the following descriptions are some examples or embodiments of this specification, and those skilled in the art can apply the technical solutions or methods disclosed in this specification to other scenarios based on these technical contents without inventive effort.

[0027] It should be understood that the terms "system," "device," "equipment," "portion," and / or "component," "unit," and / or "module" used in this specification are a method for distinguishing different components, elements, parts, portions, or assemblies at different levels. However, if other terms can achieve the same purpose, the terms may be replaced by other expressions.

[0028] Unless otherwise specified, technical terms used in this specification to describe components, elements, and the like do not necessarily refer to the singular but may include the plural. Generally speaking, terms such as "include" and "comprising" only indicate the inclusion of the steps, elements, or components specifically identified, and these steps, elements, and components do not constitute an exclusive list. For example, the method or device being described may also include other steps or components.

[0029] In the description of this specification, it should be understood that the descriptions involving directions, such as up, down, front, back, left, and right, and the directions or positional relationships indicated are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on this application. In the description of this specification, unless otherwise expressly defined, terms such as setting, installing, and connecting should be understood in a broad sense, and technicians in the relevant technical field can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above terms in this specification in combination with the specific content of the technical solution.

[0030] An atmospheric transmissometer is an optical device that measures atmospheric transmittance between two points to estimate visibility. It can employ a dual-ended, opposite-beam configuration, emitting a parallel beam from the transmitter. The receiver detects the attenuation of the light intensity and, combined with the extinction coefficient, calculates the meteorological optical range (MOR) and runway visual range (RVR). In some embodiments, the transmissometer can be used for real-time monitoring of runway visual range at airports, providing critical meteorological data for aircraft takeoff and landing. This data, particularly in low visibility conditions such as low cloud, fog, and rain, directly impacts flight scheduling and safety.

[0031] In some embodiments, an atmospheric transmissometer (e.g., an atmospheric transmissometer transmitter and / or an atmospheric transmissometer receiver) can be installed in the touchdown zone, stop zone, and mid-zone of an airport runway. In some embodiments, the atmospheric transmissometer can be installed no more than 120 meters but no less than 90 meters from either side of the runway centerline, approximately 300 meters inward from the runway threshold and the stop zone, and in the mid-zone of the runway to ensure a safe distance from aircraft paths. In some embodiments, the spacing between the atmospheric transmissometer transmitter and the atmospheric transmissometer receiver can be 25-75 meters.

[0032] However, the aforementioned layout still presents certain safety risks in specific operational scenarios. In some embodiments, due to brake failure caused by hydroplaning during a heavily loaded aircraft landing on a wet runway, lateral positioning deviation during a visual approach in low visibility conditions, or abnormal overshoot distance caused by a reverse thrust device failure during an emergency landing, the aircraft may exceed the runway end safety zone and collide with the atmospheric transmissometer, causing damage to the aircraft and / or the atmospheric transmissometer.

[0033] Based on this, one or more embodiments of this specification provide an induction sinking atmospheric transmissometer, which can avoid damage to the aircraft and / or the atmospheric transmissometer by sinking based on the vibration generated by the landing or approach of the aircraft.

[0034] Figure 1is a schematic diagram of an induction sinking atmospheric transmissometer according to some embodiments of this specification, Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the induction sinking atmospheric transmission meter according to some embodiments of this specification. Figures 1 to 2 As shown, the induction sinking atmospheric transmissometer may include: an atmospheric transmissometer body 1, a driving mechanism 2 for driving the atmospheric transmissometer body 1 to rise or fall, a processor 3 connected to the driving mechanism 2 by signal, a fiber optic fence 4 surrounding the atmospheric transmissometer body 1, and one or more auxiliary sensors 5.

[0035] In some embodiments, the atmospheric transmissometer body 1 can be either a transmitter or a receiver. In some embodiments, the transmitter and receiver can each have independent drive mechanisms 2 to independently drive the transmitter and receiver. In some embodiments, the transmitter and receiver can each be signal-connected to independent processors 3 for independent control. In other embodiments, the transmitter and receiver can be signal-connected to the same processor 3 for synchronous control, or independently controlled based on the same processor 3.

[0036] In some embodiments, the processor 3 may be a combination of one or more of the following: a central processing unit (CPU), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), an application-specific instruction set processor (ASIP), a graphics processing unit (GPU), a physical processing unit (PPU), a digital signal processor (DSP), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), a programmable logic device (PLD), a programmable logic controller (PLC), a reduced instruction set computer (RISC), a microprocessor, etc. In some embodiments, the processor 3 may be located within the atmospheric transmissometer. In some embodiments, the processor 3 may be located outside the atmospheric transmissometer and connected to the drive mechanism 2, the fiber optic fence 4, and / or one or more auxiliary sensors 5 via wired or wireless communication.

[0037] In some embodiments, see Figure 6As shown, the fiber fence 4 may include a laser emitting device, a laser receiving device, an optical fiber connecting the laser emitting device and the laser receiving device, and a vibration detection module for monitoring the optical signal obtained by the laser receiving device. In some embodiments, the laser emitting device is used to generate laser light. In some embodiments, the laser receiving device is used to receive the backscattered light of the laser light. In some embodiments, the optical fiber may include one or more fiber cores, a cladding coated on the one or more fiber cores, and a coating coated on the fiber cores, wherein the fiber core can be used to transmit the optical signal, and the cladding and coating can be used to provide mechanical protection. In some embodiments, the optical fiber can be laid on the ground and / or underground. In some embodiments, the processor 3 is used to determine the location where the optical fiber vibrates, is disturbed, or is damaged. In some embodiments, when an aircraft touches the optical fiber or causes the optical fiber to vibrate, the optical signal changes due to the influence of vibration and / or pressure on the optical fiber. The processor 3 determines the location where the optical fiber vibrates, is disturbed, or is damaged based on the changes in the optical signal.

[0038] In some embodiments, the atmospheric transmissometer body 1 is configured to be in one or more working positions and one or more avoidance positions, and the driving mechanism 2 is configured to drive the atmospheric transmissometer body 1 to rise to the working position or descend to the avoidance position.

[0039] In some embodiments, the atmospheric transmissometer transmitter and the atmospheric transmissometer receiver can each be positioned in one or more operating positions. In some embodiments, the multiple operating positions are at different heights. In some embodiments, the heights of the atmospheric transmissometer transmitter and the atmospheric transmissometer receiver are adjusted so that the atmospheric transmissometer receiver can accurately capture the parallel light beam emitted by the atmospheric transmissometer transmitter.

[0040] In some embodiments, the atmospheric transmissometer transmitting end and the atmospheric transmissometer receiving end can both be positioned at one or more avoidance positions. In some embodiments, the multiple avoidance positions are at different heights to accommodate different avoidance requirements.

[0041] In some embodiments, the atmospheric transmissometer transmitting end and the atmospheric transmissometer receiving end can be placed in an avoidance position to perform avoidance, and can be restored to a certain height after performing avoidance.

[0042] Exemplarily, in an initial state, the atmospheric transmissometer transmitter and the atmospheric transmissometer receiver are in the highest first working position; when the aircraft approaches, the atmospheric transmissometer transmitter and the atmospheric transmissometer receiver descend to an avoidance position; after the avoidance is completed, the atmospheric transmissometer transmitter and the atmospheric transmissometer receiver return to the highest first working position, or the second highest second working position, or other working positions based on the current state of the equipment (for example, the bracket / guide rail of the atmospheric transmissometer transmitter and the bracket / guide rail of the atmospheric transmissometer receiver).

[0043] In some embodiments, as Figure 3 As shown, the atmospheric transmissometer may include: a guide rail 11, a lifting platform 12 that can rise or fall relative to the guide rail 11, and a drive mechanism that drives the lifting platform 12 up or down. In some embodiments, the drive mechanism may be a lifting motor 13. In some embodiments, the atmospheric transmissometer body 1 (e.g., the atmospheric transmissometer transmitter or receiver) may be fixedly connected to the lifting platform 12, and the lifting platform 12 may be raised or lowered to position the body in one or more working positions and one or more avoidance positions.

[0044] In this embodiment, the lifting platform 12 may include one or more powered wheels 14 and one or more auxiliary wheels 15. The powered wheels 14 and auxiliary wheels 15 are disposed on either side of the guide rail 11 and abut against the guide rail 11. The lifting motor 13 drives the powered wheels 14 to rotate, thereby raising or lowering the lifting platform 12 based on friction under the clamping action of the auxiliary wheels 15. In some embodiments, the lifting platform 12 has a plate-like structure, and the lifting motor 13 is fixed to the lifting platform 12. The output shaft of the lifting motor 13 passes through the lifting platform 12 and is in transmission connection with the powered wheels 14.

[0045] In this embodiment, the surface of the power wheel 14 and the surface of the auxiliary wheel 15 can match the shape of the two side surfaces of the guide rail 11. For example, the guide rail 11 is a hexagonal columnar structure, and each of the two sides of the guide rail 11 has a first inclined surface 111 and a second inclined surface 112, and the first inclined surface 111 and the second inclined surface 112 have an angle between them. Accordingly, the power wheel 14 and the auxiliary wheel 15 are each provided with a groove that matches the first inclined surface 111 and the second inclined surface 112 to increase the contact area. In some embodiments, the grooves of the power wheel 14 and the auxiliary wheel 15 are both provided with rubber coating. The rubber coating can be made of polyurethane. In some embodiments, the included angle of the groove of the power wheel 14 (or the included angle of the rubber-coated surface of the power wheel 14) and the included angle of the groove of the auxiliary wheel 15 (or the included angle of the rubber-coated surface of the auxiliary wheel 15) are both smaller than the included angle of the first inclined surface 111 and the second inclined surface 112, so that when the power wheel 14 and the auxiliary wheel 15 are against the guide rail 11, they can produce a certain deformation, and based on the deformation, the groove of the power wheel 14 or the groove of the auxiliary wheel 15 has a tendency to move toward the first inclined surface 111 and the second inclined surface 112, thereby increasing the positive pressure and improving the friction.

[0046] In this embodiment, the plate-shaped lifting platform 12 is provided with an elongated hole 16, and the axle of the auxiliary wheel 15 is disposed within the elongated hole 16. The lifting platform 12 is configured to be able to adjust the distance between the auxiliary wheel 15 and the axis of the guide rail 11 based on the elongated hole 16, thereby adjusting the positive pressure. In some embodiments, the elongated hole 16 extends in the direction of the radial plane of the guide rail 11. In some embodiments, the lifting platform 12 may further include an adjustment cylinder, the piston rod of which is rotatably connected to the axle of the auxiliary wheel 15. The position of the axle of the auxiliary wheel 15 within the elongated hole 16 is adjusted by extending and retracting the piston rod of the adjustment cylinder.

[0047] In this embodiment, the guide rail 11 may include a plurality of guide rail units 110, which are fixedly connected by connectors. In some embodiments, the connectors may be bolts. In some embodiments, the connectors are arranged along the axial direction of the guide rail 11 to facilitate breaking when subjected to shear forces, thereby allowing one or more guide rail units 110 to separate from each other and prevent damage to the aircraft.

[0048] In some embodiments, the atmospheric transmissometer body 1 (e.g., the atmospheric transmissometer transmitter or receiver) can be placed on a lifting platform. In this embodiment, the lifting platform is fixedly connected to a scissor lift mechanism, which enables the lifting platform to be raised or lowered. In this embodiment, the lifting platform can also be fixedly connected using a rack and pinion lifting mechanism.

[0049] In other embodiments, see Figure 4 、 Figure 5 As shown, the atmospheric transmissometer may include: a receiving well 51, an atmospheric transmissometer bracket 52 disposed in the receiving well 51 and capable of rising or falling relative to the receiving well 51, an atmospheric transmissometer body 1 is fixedly connected to the atmospheric transmissometer bracket 52, a driving mechanism 2 drives the atmospheric transmissometer bracket 52 to rise or fall, and the atmospheric transmissometer body 1 is positioned in one or more working positions and one or more avoidance positions by the rising or falling of the atmospheric transmissometer bracket 52.

[0050] In this embodiment, the accommodating well 51 can be tubular. In some embodiments, a portion of the accommodating well 51 can be disposed below ground level. In other embodiments, the entire accommodating well 51 can be disposed below ground level. In some embodiments, the inner wall of the accommodating well 51 can be provided with one or more guide rails, and the outer wall of the atmospheric transmissometer bracket 52 can be provided with one or more sliders that match the guide rails to guide the ascent or descent of the atmospheric transmissometer bracket 52.

[0051] In this embodiment, the atmospheric transmissometer support 52 may be a rod-shaped structure. In other embodiments, the atmospheric transmissometer support 52 may also be a truss structure. In some embodiments, the atmospheric transmissometer support 52 may include multiple atmospheric transmissometer support units (e.g., cylindrical or truncated cone-shaped units, or truss units), which are fixedly connected by connectors. In some embodiments, the connectors of the atmospheric transmissometer support units may be bolts. In some embodiments, the connectors of the atmospheric transmissometer support units are arranged along the axial direction of the atmospheric transmissometer support 52 to facilitate breaking when subjected to shear forces, thereby separating one or more atmospheric transmissometer support units from each other and preventing damage to the aircraft.

[0052] In this embodiment, the driving mechanism 2 may be as follows Figure 4 As shown in the linear drive mechanism. For example, the drive mechanism 2 can be a long-stroke electric push rod, the upper end of which is fixedly connected to the atmospheric transmission meter bracket 52. In this embodiment, the drive mechanism 2 can also be as follows Figure 5 The scissor lift mechanism shown has its upper end fixedly connected to the atmospheric transmissometer bracket 52 .

[0053] In one or more embodiments of the present specification, the optical fiber fence 4 is used to obtain a vibration signal (eg, a change in an optical signal caused by vibration of the optical fiber) and send the vibration signal to the processor 3 .

[0054] In some embodiments, the auxiliary sensor 5 is used to obtain and transmit an auxiliary judgment signal to the processor 3. In some embodiments, the auxiliary sensor 5 may include one or more of a millimeter-wave reflection radar, an infrared thermal sensor, and a visual sensor. In some embodiments, the auxiliary judgment signal may include one or more of a millimeter-wave reflection signal provided by a millimeter-wave reflection radar, a thermal image signal provided by an infrared thermal sensor, and a light image signal provided by a visual sensor. In some embodiments, the auxiliary sensor 5 may be disposed on the outer surface of the atmospheric transmissometer. In some embodiments, the auxiliary sensor 5 may be disposed on the top of the atmospheric transmissometer body 1.

[0055] In one or more embodiments of the present specification, the processor 3 generates an active avoidance strategy based on the vibration signal and the auxiliary judgment signal, and provides an active avoidance instruction to the drive mechanism 2 based on the active avoidance strategy. In some embodiments, the processor 3 generates an active avoidance strategy by performing a joint judgment based on the vibration signal and one or more auxiliary judgment signals using a dynamic weight fusion model. In some embodiments, the dynamic weight fusion model can be obtained based on AI training. In some embodiments, the active avoidance strategy includes controlling the drive mechanism 2 to drive the atmospheric transmissometer body 1 to move to an avoidance position or one of multiple avoidance positions.

[0056] In some embodiments, processor 3 generates an active avoidance strategy by performing a joint judgment based on the vibration signal and one or more auxiliary judgment signals using a dynamic weight fusion model. This may include: the processor adjusting the weights of the vibration signal and one or more auxiliary judgment signals according to environmental parameters to obtain a judgment result confidence level, and generating an active avoidance strategy when the judgment result confidence level falls within a preset confidence range. In some embodiments, the environmental parameters may include one or more of wind speed parameters, temperature parameters, time parameters, and weather parameters.

[0057] In some embodiments, the processor 3 adjusts the confidence of the vibration judgment result based on the vibration signal and the weight of each auxiliary judgment result confidence based on each auxiliary judgment signal according to environmental parameters to obtain the judgment result confidence.

[0058] Exemplarily, the processor 3 obtains the vibration judgment result confidence based on the vibration signal, and obtains the auxiliary judgment result confidence based on each auxiliary judgment signal. In some embodiments, the judgment result confidence is used to indicate the possibility that the atmospheric transmission meter body 1 needs to avoid the corresponding signal. For example, the vibration judgment result confidence A 振动 It is used to indicate the possibility that the atmospheric transmission meter body 1 needs to avoid the vibration signal. Similarly, the auxiliary judgment result confidence level can include the millimeter wave judgment result confidence level B 毫米波 , infrared judgment result confidence C 红外 And the confidence D of the visual judgment result 视觉 In some implementations, the confidence level of the judgment result can be expressed as a percentage.

[0059] In some embodiments, each judgment result confidence has its corresponding weight. For example, the vibration judgment result confidence A 振动 The weight can be C A , millimeter wave judgment result confidence B 毫米波 The weight can be C B , infrared judgment result confidence C 红外 The weight can be C C , confidence level D of visual judgment result 视觉 The weight can be C D .

[0060] In some embodiments, the processor 3 may adjust the weight C based on the environmental parameters. A , weight C B , weight C C , weight C D , and obtain the confidence level of the judgment result. In some embodiments, the confidence level of the judgment result C result =C A A 振动 +C B B毫米波 +C C C 红外 +C D D 视觉 In some embodiments, the confidence level of the judgment result C result Can be expressed as a percentage.

[0061] In some embodiments, the processor 3 may obtain environmental parameters and adjust the weight C based on the environmental parameters. A , weight C B , weight C C , weight C D .

[0062] For example, the environmental parameters may include wind speed parameters, and the processor 3 may adjust the weight based on the wind speed parameters. For example, when the environmental wind speed is greater than the preset wind speed, since the wind speed will affect the vibration of the fiber optic fence 4, the processor 3 may reduce the confidence level A of the vibration judgment result through the dynamic weight fusion model. 振动 The weight C A , and at the same time improve the confidence level of millimeter wave judgment results B 毫米波 The weight C B , infrared judgment result confidence C 红外 The weight C C And the confidence D of the visual judgment result 视觉 The weight C D .

[0063] For example, the environmental parameters may include time parameters, and the processor 3 may adjust the weight based on the time parameters. For example, when the current time is night, since the lighting conditions will affect the acquisition of the light signal of the visual sensor, the processor 3 may reduce the confidence D of the visual judgment result through the dynamic weight fusion model. 视觉 The weight C D , and at the same time improve the confidence level C of infrared judgment results 红外 The weight C C .

[0064] In some embodiments, the processor 3 may also obtain multiple environmental parameters and collaboratively adjust the weight C based on the multiple environmental parameters. A , weight C B , weight C C , weight C D .

[0065] For example, at night in a high temperature environment, the processor 3 can reduce the confidence C of the infrared judgment result affected by the high temperature through the dynamic weight fusion model. 红外 The weight C C and the confidence D of the visual judgment results affected by night vision limitations 视觉 The weight C D, and at the same time improve the confidence level A of vibration judgment results 振动 The weight C A and the confidence level of millimeter wave judgment result B 毫米波 The weight C B .

[0066] For example, in the evening of a heavy rain or snow, the processor 3 can adjust the confidence level A of the vibration judgment result within a certain range through the dynamic weight fusion model. 振动 The weight C A and the confidence level of millimeter wave judgment result B 毫米波 The weight C B , reduce the confidence D of visual judgment results affected by dusk vision limitation and rain and snow vision limitation 视觉 The weight C D , and appropriately improve the confidence level C of infrared judgment results 红外 The weight C C .

[0067] In some embodiments, when the confidence level of the judgment result meets the preset confidence level range, the processor 3 generates an active avoidance strategy. result When the value is greater than 80%, 85%, 88%, 90% or 92%, the processor 3 generates an active avoidance strategy. In some embodiments, the processor 3 may generate an active avoidance strategy based on one or more of the vibration signal, the millimeter wave reflection signal, the thermal image signal and the optical image signal.

[0068] In one or more embodiments of the present specification, the fiber optic fence 4 includes multiple fiber optic fence defense zones. The fiber optic fence 4 is also used to obtain the trigger time difference of the vibration signals within the multiple fiber optic fence defense zones. The processor 3 obtains the first speed information of the target object that causes the vibration signal based on the trigger time difference and the defense zone spacing, and generates an active avoidance strategy based on the first speed information.

[0069] In some embodiments, see Figure 7 As shown, the fiber optic fence 4 may include a first fiber optic fence zone 41 (eg Figure 7 The dotted line portion located outside) and the second fiber optic fence zone 42 (eg Figure 7 (see the dotted line portion in the middle of the figure). In some embodiments, the second fiber optic fence zone 42 surrounds the outside of the atmospheric transmissometer body 1, and the first fiber optic fence zone 41 surrounds the outside of the second fiber optic fence zone 42. In some embodiments, when the aircraft approaches the atmospheric transmissometer body 1, the first fiber optic fence zone 41 vibrates before the second fiber optic fence zone 42, resulting in a triggering time difference between the first fiber optic fence zone 41 and the second fiber optic fence zone 42. The processor calculates the first speed information of the aircraft based on this triggering time difference and the distance between the first fiber optic fence zone 41 and the second fiber optic fence zone 42, and generates an active avoidance strategy based on the first speed information.

[0070] In some embodiments, the fiber optic fence 4 may include more fiber optic fence zones, such as four fiber optic fence zones, four to ten fiber optic fence zones, or more than ten fiber optic fence zones. In some embodiments, the fiber optic fence zones of the fiber optic fence 4 may be arranged in an array, such as a rectangular array or a circular array. In some embodiments, multi-zone coordinated detection can reduce speed measurement errors.

[0071] In other embodiments, the fiber optic fence 4 can obtain the frequency change characteristics of the vibration signal (the vibration signal generated by the aircraft engine or rotor has a specific frequency modulation characteristic, for example, the helicopter rotor frequency is approximately 100-500Hz), waveform duration, and propagation distance. The processor 3 obtains the second speed information of the target object causing the vibration signal based on the frequency change characteristics, waveform duration, and propagation distance, and generates an active avoidance strategy based on the second speed information.

[0072] In the above embodiment, the processor 3 may generate an active avoidance strategy based on one or both of the first speed information and the second speed information.

[0073] In some embodiments, the auxiliary sensor may include a millimeter wave sensor, which may be used to obtain at least third speed information of the target object. In some embodiments, the processor 3 generates an active avoidance strategy based on one or more of the first speed information, the second speed information, and the third speed information.

[0074] In one or more embodiments of the present specification, the active avoidance strategy includes: adjusting the descent speed of the atmospheric transmissometer body 1 based on the speed information of the target object.

[0075] In some embodiments, when the first fiber optic fence defense zone 41 of the fiber optic fence 4 is triggered, the millimeter wave sensor continuously tracks the coordinates of the target object and calculates the possible collision time based on one or more of the first speed information, the second speed information, and the third speed information. In some embodiments, if the possible collision time is less than a preset value, for example, less than 10 seconds, the processor 3 provides an active avoidance instruction to the drive mechanism 2, causing the drive mechanism 2 to drive the atmospheric transmissometer body 1 to descend at a preset speed. In other embodiments, if the possible collision time is less than the first preset value but greater than a second preset value, the processor 3 provides an active avoidance instruction to the drive mechanism 2, causing the drive mechanism 2 to drive the atmospheric transmissometer body 1 to descend at the first preset speed. If the possible collision time is less than the second preset value, the processor 3 provides an active avoidance instruction to the drive mechanism 2, causing the drive mechanism 2 to drive the atmospheric transmissometer body 1 to descend at a second preset speed, which is greater than the first preset speed.

[0076] In one or more embodiments of the present specification, the auxiliary sensor includes a millimeter wave sensor, the auxiliary judgment signal includes distance information, azimuth information, height information and third speed information of the target object, the processor 3 predicts the possible collision height based on the vibration signal and the auxiliary judgment signal, and generates an active avoidance strategy based on the possible collision height.

[0077] In some embodiments, the auxiliary sensor includes a visual sensor, the auxiliary judgment signal includes continuous frame images of the target object and timestamps corresponding to the continuous frame images, the processor 3 obtains the instantaneous motion vector of the target object based on the vibration signal and the auxiliary judgment signal and predicts the possible collision height, and generates an active avoidance strategy based on the possible collision height.

[0078] In some embodiments, the active avoidance strategy includes adjusting the avoidance position of the atmospheric transmissometer body based on a possible collision height.

[0079] In some embodiments, the processor 3 can calculate the relative position of the target object's ground projection relative to the atmospheric transmissometer body 1 based on the azimuth and distance of the target object. In some embodiments, the processor 3 can predict a possible collision altitude interval within a future time range based on the altitude information and the current altitude of the atmospheric transmissometer body 1, and control the drive mechanism 2 to drive the atmospheric transmissometer body 1 to descend to a certain avoidance position based on the possible collision altitude interval to escape the possible collision altitude interval. In some embodiments, the processor 3 can further modify the model based on the vibration information provided by the fiber optic fence 3 and / or the optical image information provided by the visual sensor. For example, strong vibration corresponds to a large mass of the target object, thereby expanding the range of the possible collision altitude interval, or adjusting the range of the possible collision altitude interval based on the optical image information.

[0080] In one or more embodiments of this specification, the active avoidance strategy may specifically include the descent speed and avoidance position of the atmospheric transmissometer body 1. In some embodiments, the processor 3 may adjust the descent speed and avoidance position of the atmospheric transmissometer body 1 based on signals provided by the fiber optic fence 4 and one or more auxiliary sensors.

[0081] Exemplarily, the active avoidance strategy may include positioning the atmospheric transmissometer body 1 at a second avoidance position below the first avoidance position based on a possible collision altitude or a possible collision altitude interval. The first avoidance position is at the possible collision altitude, or at or near the minimum of the possible collision altitude interval. In some embodiments, the second avoidance position may be set based on the volume of the target object. In some embodiments, the second avoidance position may also be set based on the speed of the atmospheric transmissometer body 1 at the first avoidance position.

[0082] In some embodiments, during the descent of the atmospheric transmissometer body 1 , when the atmospheric transmissometer body 1 is above the first avoidance position, the descent speed of the atmospheric transmissometer body 1 is increased so as to reach the first avoidance position as quickly as possible.

[0083] In some embodiments, during the descent of the atmospheric transmissometer body 1, when the atmospheric transmissometer body 1 is between the first avoidance position and the second avoidance position, the descent speed of the atmospheric transmissometer body 1 is gradually reduced. Since the atmospheric transmissometer is descending at an accelerated speed, it may reach a maximum speed near the first avoidance position. To prevent the atmospheric transmissometer from being damaged by vibrations generated by the high speed or from directly colliding with the ground or underground surface, the descent speed of the atmospheric transmissometer body 1 may be reduced between the first avoidance position and the second avoidance position until its speed is finally zero.

[0084] In some embodiments, the avoidance position may be located above or below the ground.

[0085] The beneficial effects that may be brought about by the embodiments of this specification include but are not limited to: (1) the atmospheric transmission meter body is configured to be able to be in a working position and an avoidance position, and can implement avoidance when an aircraft approaches to avoid causing damage to the aircraft; (2) the optical fiber fence is used to monitor whether the aircraft is approaching, with a large detection range and high judgment accuracy; (3) auxiliary sensors are used to assist in judging whether the aircraft is approaching, so as to further improve the judgment accuracy; (4) a variety of different auxiliary sensors are used to provide a variety of different auxiliary judgment signals to avoid the large error problem of a single sensor in special environments; (5) the vibration signal and multiple auxiliary sensor signals are jointly judged through a dynamic weight fusion model to obtain a more accurate judgment result; (6) The processor can adjust the weights of the vibration signal and one or more auxiliary judgment signals according to environmental parameters, thereby improving the judgment accuracy; (7) The processor can adjust the weights according to wind speed parameters, temperature parameters, time parameters, and weather parameters, reduce the weights of the vibration signal or auxiliary sensor signal that is greatly affected, and increase the weights of the vibration signal or auxiliary sensor signal that is less affected, thereby improving the judgment accuracy; (8) Provide an active avoidance strategy based on the speed information of the target object, thereby adjusting the avoidance speed of the atmospheric transmission meter body; (9) Combined judgment through multiple speed information to improve the judgment accuracy; (10) Obtain the height information of the target object through the auxiliary sensor and provide an active avoidance strategy, thereby adjusting the avoidance height of the atmospheric transmission meter body.

[0086] While the basic concepts have been described above, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the detailed disclosure is merely illustrative and does not limit this specification. Although not explicitly stated herein, various modifications, improvements, and revisions to this specification may be made by those skilled in the art. Such modifications, improvements, and revisions are taught in this specification and remain within the spirit and scope of the exemplary embodiments of this specification.

Claims

1. An induction sinking atmospheric transmission meter, characterized in that: include: An atmospheric transmissometer body, a driving mechanism for driving the atmospheric transmissometer body to rise or fall, a processor connected to a signal of the driving mechanism, an optical fiber fence surrounding the atmospheric transmissometer body, and one or more auxiliary sensors; The atmospheric transmissometer body is configured to be positioned in one or more working positions and one or more avoidance positions, and the driving mechanism is configured to be able to drive the atmospheric transmissometer body to rise to the working position or to descend to the avoidance position; The optical fiber fence is used to obtain a vibration signal and send the vibration signal to the processor, and the auxiliary sensor is used to obtain an auxiliary judgment signal and send the auxiliary judgment signal to the processor; The processor predicts a possible collision height based on the vibration signal and the auxiliary judgment signal, generates an active avoidance strategy based on the possible collision height, and provides an active avoidance instruction to the driving mechanism based on the active avoidance strategy; The active avoidance strategy includes: placing the atmospheric transmission instrument body in a second avoidance position below the first avoidance position based on the possible collision height; During the descent of the atmospheric transmissometer body, when the atmospheric transmissometer body is above the first avoidance position, increasing the descent speed of the atmospheric transmissometer body; During the descent of the atmospheric transmissometer body, when the atmospheric transmissometer body is between the first avoidance position and the second avoidance position, gradually reducing the descent speed of the atmospheric transmissometer body; The first avoidance position is at the possible collision height, and the second avoidance position is set according to the volume of the target object and / or the speed of the atmospheric transmission meter body at the first avoidance position.

2. The induction sinking atmospheric transmission meter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The auxiliary sensors include: one or more of millimeter wave reflection radar, infrared thermal sensor, and visual sensor; The auxiliary judgment signal includes one or more of a millimeter wave reflection signal, a thermal image signal, and an optical image signal.

3. The induction sinking atmospheric transmission meter according to claim 2, characterized in that: The processor performs a joint judgment based on the vibration signal and one or more auxiliary judgment signals through a dynamic weight fusion model to generate the active avoidance strategy; The active avoidance strategy includes controlling the driving mechanism to drive the atmospheric transmission meter body to move to the avoidance position.

4. The induction sinking atmospheric transmission meter according to claim 3, characterized in that: The processor adjusts the weights of the vibration signal and one or more auxiliary judgment signals according to environmental parameters to obtain a judgment result confidence, and generates the active avoidance strategy when the judgment result confidence meets a preset confidence range; The environmental parameters include one or more of time parameters and weather parameters.

5. The induction sinking atmospheric transmission meter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fiber optic fence includes a plurality of fiber optic fence defense zones, and the fiber optic fence is further configured to obtain a trigger time difference of vibration signals within the plurality of fiber optic fence defense zones. The processor obtains first speed information of a target object causing the vibration signal based on the trigger time difference and the defense zone spacing, and generates the active avoidance strategy based on the first speed information. And / or, the fiber optic fence is also used to obtain the frequency change characteristics, waveform duration and propagation distance of the vibration signal, and the processor obtains second speed information of the target object causing the vibration signal based on the frequency change characteristics, the waveform duration and the propagation distance, and generates the active avoidance strategy based on the second speed information.

6. The induction sinking atmospheric transmission meter according to claim 5, characterized in that: The auxiliary sensor includes a millimeter wave sensor, and the auxiliary judgment signal includes third speed information of the target object; The processor generates the active avoidance strategy based on the first speed information, the second speed information, and the third speed information.

7. The induction sinking atmospheric transmission meter according to claim 6, characterized in that: The active avoidance strategy includes: adjusting the descent speed of the atmospheric transmission instrument body based on the speed information of the target object.

8. The induction sinking atmospheric transmission meter according to any one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that: The auxiliary sensor includes a millimeter wave sensor, the auxiliary judgment signal includes distance information, azimuth information, height information, and third speed information of the target object, the processor predicts a possible collision height based on the vibration signal and the auxiliary judgment signal, and generates the active avoidance strategy based on the possible collision height; And / or, the auxiliary sensor includes a visual sensor, the auxiliary judgment signal includes continuous frame images of the target object and timestamps corresponding to the continuous frame images, the processor obtains the instantaneous motion vector of the target object based on the vibration signal and the auxiliary judgment signal and predicts the possible collision height, and generates the active avoidance strategy based on the possible collision height.

9. The induction sinking atmospheric transmission meter according to claim 8, characterized in that: The active avoidance strategy includes: adjusting the avoidance position of the atmospheric transmission meter body based on the possible collision height.

10. The induction sinking atmospheric transmission meter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The atmospheric transmission meter body includes an atmospheric transmission meter transmitting end and / or an atmospheric transmission meter receiving end; The avoidance position is located above the ground or below the ground.

11. The induction sinking atmospheric transmission meter according to claim 1, characterized in that: include: A guide rail, a lifting platform that can rise or fall relative to the guide rail, the atmospheric transmission meter body is fixedly connected to the lifting platform, the driving mechanism drives the lifting platform to rise or fall, and the atmospheric transmission meter body is in one or more working positions and one or more avoidance positions through the rise or fall of the lifting platform.

12. The induction sinking atmospheric transmission meter according to claim 1, characterized in that: include: An accommodating well, an atmospheric transmissometer bracket disposed in the accommodating well and capable of rising or falling relative to the accommodating well, the atmospheric transmissometer body being fixedly connected to the atmospheric transmissometer bracket, the driving mechanism driving the atmospheric transmissometer bracket to rise or fall, and the atmospheric transmissometer body being in one or more of the working positions and one or more of the avoidance positions by the rising or falling of the atmospheric transmissometer bracket.

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