Coastline classification judgment method and device based on coastline ecological space integrity evaluation

Abstract

The invention relates to a coastline classification judgment method and device based on coastline ecological space integrity evaluation, and relates to the technical field of coastline ecological management, and the method comprises the steps: carrying out the recognition processing according to the monitoring image and geographic information data of a target region, determining the coastline development and utilization information, and carrying out the recognition processing; according to the method, coastline type information corresponding to each coastline segment is determined, then detection processing is carried out for different coastline types to obtain intertidal zone width information, detection information of water depth and intertidal zone gradient is combined with the intertidal zone width information and the detection information to carry out hierarchical identification, and coastline ecological space integrity information is constructed. And finally, performing deep division on each coastline section according to the coastline ecological space integrity information, so as to construct coastline ecological space integrity classification judgment. According to the method, fine classification of coastline types is realized on the basis of coastline ecological conditions, and the coastlines can be classified and judged reasonably and accurately.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of coastal line ecological management, and particularly relates to a method and device for classifying and determining coastal lines based on the assessment of the integrity of coastal line ecological space. Background Art

[0002] The coastal line is the boundary between the ocean and the land. However, affected by marine hydrodynamic environments such as tides, waves, and storm surges, the coastal line rises and falls, and is constantly in a state of change. The actual coastal line should be the set of countless sea-land boundary lines between the mean high water line of spring tides and the mean low water line of spring tides. It is a band in space, that is, the intertidal zone. During high tide, the intertidal zone is sea, and during low tide, it is beach, with obvious sea-land transition characteristics, and is the habitat of many coastal organisms. The coastal line ecological space, that is, the intertidal zone, is the basic carrier of the intertidal zone biological community. Only a complete coastal line ecological space can carry a complete intertidal zone biological community and play the complete ecological system service function of the intertidal zone.

[0003] Traditional technical solutions classify coastal lines into types such as bedrock coasts, sandy coasts, muddy coasts, and artificial coasts. However, there has been a lack of detailed theoretical discussions on the scientific definition of natural coastal lines and artificial coastal lines.

[0004] Existing technical solutions classify all shore segments with artificial structures in the coastal zone as artificial coastal lines, which is contrary to the actual situation of the coastal line. For artificial coastal lines, their ecological functions should not be completely denied. For example, artificial structures such as flood control dikes have little impact on the integrity of the coastal line ecological space and cannot be completely regarded as artificial coastal lines. It can be seen that existing technologies cannot classify and determine coastal lines reasonably and accurately. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a method and device for classifying and determining coastal lines based on the assessment of the integrity of coastal line ecological space. According to the reference value for the assessment of the integrity of coastal line ecological space, the classification of coastal line types is refined, and each coastal line can be classified and determined reasonably and accurately, thereby solving the problem that existing technologies cannot classify and determine coastal lines reasonably and accurately. This application provides technical support for the comprehensive management of coastal lines, and also provides a theoretical reference for the formulation of refined ecological restoration plans for coastal lines.

[0006] In the first aspect, this application provides a method for classifying and determining coastal lines based on the assessment of the integrity of coastal line ecological space, including:

[0007] Obtain the monitoring images and geographic information data of the target area, and perform identification and processing based on the monitoring images and the geographic information data to determine the coastal line development and utilization information;

[0008] Classify each coastal segment in the target area according to the coastal development and utilization information to obtain the corresponding coastal line type information for each coastal segment, where the coastal line type information includes natural coastal lines and artificial coastal lines;

[0009] Detect the tidal level boundary coordinates and distance of the natural coastal segments corresponding to the natural coastal lines to obtain the intertidal zone width information of the natural coastal segments, and detect the water depth at high tide and the intertidal zone slope of the artificial coastal segments corresponding to the artificial coastal lines to obtain the first detection information;

[0010] Based on the intertidal zone width information, perform hierarchical identification in combination with the first detection information, and construct the coastal line ecological space integrity information based on the hierarchical identification results;

[0011] Perform in-depth division on each coastal segment according to the coastal line ecological space integrity information to obtain the coastal line in-depth division results, and construct the coastal line ecological space integrity classification determination based on the coastal line in-depth division results;

[0012] Among them, the coastal line ecological space integrity information includes the coastal line ecological space integrity index and the degree of coastal line ecological space integrity.

[0013] Optionally, perform identification processing based on the monitoring image and the geographic information data to determine the coastal development and utilization information, including:

[0014] Perform preprocessing of calibration and enhancement on the monitoring image to obtain the preprocessed target remote sensing image;

[0015] Perform feature extraction processing based on the target remote sensing image to obtain feature information;

[0016] Identify and classify each coastal segment according to the feature information in combination with a preset feature library to obtain development activity information, and analyze human activity information based on the geographic information data;

[0017] Determine the coastal development and utilization information based on the development activity information and the human activity information.

[0018] Optionally, detect the tidal level boundary coordinates and distance of the natural coastal segments corresponding to the natural coastal lines to obtain the intertidal zone width information of the natural coastal segments, including:

[0019] Continuously monitor the natural coastal segments, and when the natural coastal segments are at high tide of spring tide or low tide of neap tide, collect the geographic coordinates of the inflection points of the water-land demarcation line through real-time kinematic carrier phase differential technology;

[0020] Connect each of the geographical coordinates using a geographic information system to form the high tide line and low tide line of the natural coastline, and determine the intertidal zone of the natural coastal segment based on the high tide line and the low tide line.

[0021] In a geographic information system environment, use a nearest neighbor analysis tool to analyze the distance between the high tide line and the low tide line to obtain the intertidal zone width information of the intertidal zone.

[0022] Optionally, perform water depth at high tide and intertidal zone slope detection on the artificial coastal segment corresponding to the artificial coastline to obtain first detection information, including:

[0023] Continuously monitor the artificial coastal segment, and when the artificial coastline is at the high tide of a spring tide, detect the water depth information and the average intertidal zone slope information at the toe of the artificial structure in the artificial coastline.

[0024] Use the water depth information and the average intertidal zone slope information as the first detection information.

[0025] Optionally, based on the intertidal zone width information, combine the first detection information for hierarchical identification, and construct the coastline ecological space integrity information based on the hierarchical identification result, including:

[0026] For the natural coastal segment, analyze the first planar straight-line distance between the mean high tide line of the spring tide and the mean low tide line of the neap tide in the natural state according to the intertidal zone width information.

[0027] For each coastal segment, analyze the second planar straight-line distance between the mean high tide line of the spring tide and the mean low tide line of the neap tide in the case of the construction of the artificial structure.

[0028] For the artificial coastal segment, according to the water depth information and the average intertidal zone slope information in the first detection information, determine the third planar straight-line distance, where the third planar straight-line distance is the planar straight-line distance between the mean high tide line of the spring tide and the mean low tide line of the neap tide when there is an artificial structure in the intertidal zone of the coastal segment.

[0029] Determine the coastline ecological space integrity index according to the first planar straight-line distance, the second planar straight-line distance, and the third planar straight-line distance.

[0030] Based on the coastline ecological space integrity index, perform hierarchical identification to determine the coastline ecological space integrity degree of each coastal segment.

[0031] Optionally, determine the coastline ecological space integrity index according to the first planar straight-line distance, the second planar straight-line distance, and the third planar straight-line distance, including:

[0032] Evaluate according to the first planar straight-line distance and in combination with the second planar straight-line distance to obtain the first coastline ecological space integrity index;

[0033] Evaluate according to the second planar straight-line distance and the third planar straight-line distance to obtain the second coastline ecological space integrity index;

[0034] Use the first coastline ecological space integrity index and the second coastline ecological space integrity index as the coastline ecological space integrity index.

[0035] Optionally, perform in-depth division on each coastal segment according to the coastline ecological space integrity information to obtain the coastline in-depth division result, including:

[0036] When the coastline ecological space integrity information meets the first preset condition, determine that the coastline ecological space is complete and there is no construction and development activity in the intertidal zone, and divide the corresponding coastline into the target natural coastline;

[0037] When the coastline ecological space integrity information meets the second preset condition, determine that the coastline ecological space has disappeared and the coastal development and construction activities have completely occupied or damaged the coastline ecological space, and divide the corresponding coastline into an artificial coastline without ecological space;

[0038] When the coastline ecological space integrity information meets the third preset condition, determine that the coastline ecological space has not been completely damaged, and divide the corresponding coastline into an artificial coastline containing part of the ecological space.

[0039] Optionally, for the artificial coastal segment, determine the third planar straight-line distance according to the water depth information and the average slope information of the intertidal zone in the first detection information, including:

[0040] Calculate the third planar straight-line distance according to L = k + h cotα;

[0041] Where h is the water depth at the toe of the artificial structure at high tide, α is the average slope of the coastal intertidal zone, and L is the planar straight-line distance.

[0042] Optionally, identify and classify each coastal segment according to the characteristic information in combination with the preset characteristic library to obtain the development activity information, including:

[0043] Extract the spectral characteristics, texture characteristics, and shape characteristics of the coastline from the characteristic information respectively;

[0044] Perform band analysis according to the spectral characteristics to determine the spectral reflectance of each coastal segment in each band, and combine the spectral reflectance to determine the coastline type to obtain the first analysis information;

[0045] Based on the texture features, using the gray-level co-occurrence matrix, calculate the texture feature values of each coastal line segment, and compare the texture feature values with the texture feature values of different types of coastline in the preset feature library to obtain the second analysis information;

[0046] Compare the shape features with the shape features of the known types of coastline in the preset feature library to obtain the third analysis information;

[0047] Based on the first analysis information, the second analysis information, and the third analysis information, determine the development activity information.

[0048] In a second aspect, the present application provides a coastline classification and determination device based on the evaluation of the integrity of the coastal ecological space, including:

[0049] An information data acquisition module, configured to acquire the monitoring images and geographical information data of the target area, and perform identification processing based on the monitoring images and the geographical information data to determine the coastline development and utilization information;

[0050] A classification processing module, configured to classify each coastal line segment in the target area according to the coastline development and utilization information to obtain the coastline type information corresponding to each coastal line segment, where the coastline type information includes natural coastline and artificial coastline;

[0051] A detection module, configured to perform tidal level boundary coordinate detection and distance detection processing on the natural coastal line segments corresponding to the natural coastline to obtain the intertidal zone width information of the natural coastal line segments, and perform tidal level water depth and intertidal zone slope detection on the artificial coastal line segments corresponding to the artificial coastline to obtain the first detection information;

[0052] A grading and recognition module, configured to perform grading and recognition based on the intertidal zone width information in combination with the first detection information, and construct the coastline ecological space integrity information based on the grading and recognition results;

[0053] A classification and determination construction module, configured to deeply divide each coastal line segment according to the coastline ecological space integrity information to obtain the coastline depth division result, and construct the coastline ecological space integrity classification and determination based on the coastline depth division result;

[0054] Wherein, the coastline ecological space integrity information includes the coastline ecological space integrity index and the degree of integrity of the coastline ecological space.

[0055] In summary, the embodiments of the present application first combine image recognition and geographic information technology to determine the development and utilization status of the coastline, so as to initially determine the coastline type information corresponding to each coastal segment. Then, detection and processing are performed for different coastline types to determine the intertidal zone width information of natural coastal segments and the water depth and intertidal zone slope of artificial coastal segments. Then, hierarchical recognition is performed by combining the detected information to construct the coastline ecological space integrity information. Finally, each coastal segment is deeply divided according to the coastline ecological space integrity information, thereby constructing the classification and determination of the coastline ecological space integrity. This embodiment realizes the fine classification of coastline types based on the ecological situation of the coastline, constructs a classification and determination system for the coastline ecological space integrity, provides technical support for the comprehensive management of the coastline, and provides a theoretical reference for the formulation of a refined ecological restoration plan for the coastline, solving the problem that the prior art cannot reasonably and accurately classify and determine each coastline. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0056] The drawings herein are incorporated into the specification and constitute a part of this specification, showing embodiments consistent with the present application, and are used together with the specification to explain the principles of the present application.

[0057] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, for those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0058] Figure 1 It is a schematic flowchart of a coastline classification and determination method based on the evaluation of the coastline ecological space integrity provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0059] Figure 2 It is a schematic step flowchart of a coastline classification and determination method based on the evaluation of the coastline ecological space integrity provided by an optional embodiment of the present application;

[0060] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the coastline ecological space profile provided by an optional example of the present application;

[0061] Figure 4 It is a distribution map of the target coastline ecological space integrity index provided by an optional example of the present application;

[0062] Figure 5 It is a structural block diagram of a coastline classification and determination device based on the evaluation of the coastline ecological space integrity provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0063] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided by the embodiments of the present application. Detailed implementation manners

[0064] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Apparently, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present application without creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0065] To facilitate the understanding of the embodiments of the present application, further explanatory descriptions will be given below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The embodiments do not constitute a limitation to the embodiments of the present application.

[0066] Figure 1 The flowchart of a coastline classification and determination method based on the evaluation of the integrity of the coastal ecological space provided by the embodiments of the present application. As Figure 1 shown, the coastline classification and determination method based on the evaluation of the integrity of the coastal ecological space provided by the embodiments of the present application may specifically include the following steps:

[0067] Step 110: Obtain the monitoring images and geographic information data of the target area, and perform identification processing based on the monitoring images and the geographic information data to determine the coastline development and utilization information.

[0068] In this embodiment, the coastline development and utilization information includes the development and utilization conditions, mainly including but not limited to: human development and utilization activities such as reclamation, port and wharf construction, sea farming, salt evaporation by sea diking, seawall construction, etc.; the target area can be understood as an area composed of multiple coastlines; the monitoring images can be remote sensing images of the target area, such as satellite remote sensing images; the geographic information data mainly includes the artificial facility data of each coastline in the target area, which is used to assist in judging the coastline type. In addition to the various human development and utilization activities mentioned above, it may also include: whether there are artificial facilities such as ports, cities, and farmlands near the coastline. Among them, when there are ports and breakwaters near the artificial coastline, it usually appears as a straight line, while the natural coastline may be more tortuous because it contains natural features such as beaches and rocks.

[0069] This embodiment mainly uses remote sensing images as the benchmark, and combines geographic information data to identify and determine the development and utilization status (or development and utilization conditions, etc.) of each coastline as the coastline development and utilization information.

[0070] Step 120: Classify each coastal segment in the target area according to the coastline development and utilization information to obtain the coastline type information corresponding to each coastal segment.

[0071] Among them, the coastline type information includes natural coastlines and artificial coastlines.

[0072] In this embodiment, the coastline types can generally be initially divided into natural coastlines and artificial coastlines. In this embodiment, based on the coastline development and utilization information, it is determined whether there are human development activities in each coastal segment, so as to determine the specific coastline type of each coastline.

[0073] Specifically, if there are no human development activities on the coastline, it is classified as a natural coastline; if there are human development activities, it is classified as an artificial coastline.

[0074] Among them, for the coastal segments classified as artificial coastlines, they can be initially demarcated as artificial coastal segments; for the coastal segments classified as natural coastlines, they can be initially demarcated as natural coastal segments.

[0075] Step 130, perform tidal level boundary coordinate detection and distance detection processing on the natural coastal segments corresponding to the natural coastlines to obtain the intertidal zone width information of the natural coastal segments, and, perform tidal level water depth and intertidal zone slope detection on the artificial coastal segments corresponding to the artificial coastlines to obtain the first detection information.

[0076] In this embodiment, in the natural coastal segments, the geographical coordinates of the water-land boundary lines at the high tide of spring tides and the low tide of neap tides are mainly detected / measured. Through the Geographic Information System (GIS), the coordinates are connected to determine the distance between the two lines, so as to obtain the intertidal zone width information of the natural coastlines; in the artificial coastal segments, the water depth at the toe of the slope of the artificial structure (i.e., the artificially constructed structure) and the average intertidal zone slope at the high tide of spring tides are mainly detected as the first detection information.

[0077] Step 140, perform hierarchical identification based on the intertidal zone width information in combination with the first detection information, and construct the coastline ecological space integrity information based on the hierarchical identification results.

[0078] Among them, the coastline ecological space integrity information includes the coastline ecological space integrity index and the coastline ecological space integrity degree.

[0079] Step 150, perform in-depth division on each coastal segment according to the coastline ecological space integrity information to obtain the coastline in-depth division result, and construct the coastline ecological space integrity classification determination based on the coastline in-depth division result.

[0080] A unified description of steps 140 - 150:

[0081] In the related art, when dividing the coastline in the existing solutions, the ecological space integrity of the tidal zone where the coastline is located is not considered. Instead, the coastline type is simply divided according to preset indicators / rules, which does not conform to the actual situation of the coastline, resulting in the inability to reasonably and accurately determine the coastline.

[0082] In view of the technical problems existing in the prior art, this embodiment fully considers the ecological space integrity of the coastline. Specifically, the coastline ecological integrity index can usually characterize the integrity degree of the coastline ecological space. Therefore, in this embodiment, a one-to-one mapping is performed between the coastline ecological space integrity index and the coastline ecological space integrity degree. Specifically, first, the width information of the intertidal zone and the detection information are used to evaluate each coastline, mainly evaluating the coastline ecological space integrity index, so as to determine the ecological space integrity degree of the coastline based on the coastline ecological space integrity index and in combination with the mapping situation. Then, further in-depth and detailed division of the coastline is performed according to the ecological space integrity index and the ecological space integrity degree, thereby obtaining the deep division result of the coastline, and constructing a classification determination of the coastline ecological space integrity to avoid the problems caused by simply dividing the coastline type in the prior art.

[0083] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the intertidal zone can be used to determine the ecological space integrity of the coastline intertidal zone, which refers to the integrity of the beach space between the mean high water line of the spring tide and the mean low water line of the spring tide on a certain cross-section of the coastline intertidal zone, including the integrity of the high tide beach space, the integrity of the mid-tide beach space, and the integrity of the low tide beach space. Among them, the integrity of the high tide beach space refers to the integrity of the beach space between the mean high water line of the spring tide and the mean high water line of the neap tide on the coastline intertidal zone; the integrity of the mid-tide beach space refers to the integrity of the beach space between the mean high water line of the neap tide and the mean low water line of the neap tide on the coastline intertidal zone; the integrity of the low tide beach space refers to the integrity of the beach space between the mean low water line of the neap tide and the mean low water line of the spring tide on the coastline intertidal zone.

[0084] In specific implementation, a one-to-one mapping can be performed among the coastline ecological space integrity index, the coastline ecological space integrity degree, and the coastline type division, and a classification determination of the coastline ecological space integrity is constructed.

[0085] Exemplarily, the degree of integrity of the coastal ecological space can be divided into multiple situations, including but not limited to: complete coastal ecological space, partial retention of the coastal ecological space, and disappearance of the coastal ecological space. Three different ecological space integrity indices can have corresponding ecological space integrity indices and correspond to the classification of coastal line types. For example, when the ecological space integrity index is 1, it indicates that the coastal ecological space is complete and there are no human construction and development activities in the intertidal zone. The coastal line type can be classified as: natural coastal line; when the ecological space integrity index is 0, it indicates that the coastal ecological space has disappeared and the human coastal development and construction activities have completely occupied or damaged the coastal ecological space. The coastal line type can be classified as: artificial coastal line without ecological space; when the ecological space integrity index is between 0 and 1, it indicates that the coastal ecological space is partially retained and the human coastal development and construction activities have occupied part of the coastal ecological space. The coastal line type can be classified as: artificial coastal line with partial ecological space.

[0086] It can be seen that in this embodiment, according to the development and utilization status of the coastal line, the coastal line is classified into natural coastal lines and artificial coastal lines. Then, the key ecological indicators of the natural coastal line segment and the artificial coastal line segment are measured respectively, including the width of the intertidal zone, the water depth at the toe of the artificial structure at the spring high tide level, and the average slope of the intertidal zone; an ecological space integrity index of the coastal line is constructed to evaluate the integrity of the coastal ecological space. Finally, according to the value of the ecological space integrity index of the coastal line, the degree of ecological space of the coastal line is classified, and artificial coastal line types with different degrees of ecological space integrity are defined to construct a classification and determination system for the integrity of the coastal ecological space. On the one hand, the refined classification of the coastal line types in this embodiment can reasonably and accurately classify and determine each coastal line; on the other hand, this embodiment provides technical support for the comprehensive management of the coastal line and a theoretical reference for the formulation of a refined ecological restoration plan for the coastal line.

[0087] Refer to Figure 2 , which shows a schematic flow chart of the steps of a coastal line classification and determination method based on the evaluation of the integrity of the coastal ecological space provided by an optional embodiment of the present application. The method may specifically include the following steps:

[0088] Step 210, obtain the monitoring images and geographic information data of the target area, and perform identification processing based on the monitoring images and the geographic information data to determine the coastal line development and utilization information.

[0089] Optionally, in this embodiment, performing identification processing based on the monitoring images and the geographic information data to determine the coastal line development and utilization information may specifically include the following sub-steps:

[0090] Sub-step 2101, perform preprocessing of calibration and enhancement on the monitoring images to obtain the preprocessed target remote sensing images.

[0091] In specific implementation, the preprocessing of calibration and enhancement of the monitoring image mainly includes image calibration and image enhancement. Image calibration includes radiometric calibration, geometric calibration, etc. of the monitoring image to eliminate sensor errors, atmospheric effects, etc., ensuring the accuracy and consistency of the image data. Image enhancement includes: by methods such as histogram equalization, filtering, etc., to improve the contrast and clarity of the image, making the coastline features more obvious. Through the preprocessing of the image, the target remote sensing image for identifying and classifying natural / artificial coastlines is obtained in this embodiment.

[0092] Sub-step 2102: Perform feature extraction processing based on the target remote sensing image to obtain feature information.

[0093] Specifically, the feature information mainly includes but is not limited to: spectral features, texture features, and shape features.

[0094] In specific implementation, artificial coastlines and natural coastlines usually have different characteristics. In this embodiment, corresponding features are extracted from the target remote sensing image for the differences.

[0095] For example, natural coastlines may have specific vegetation index features, while artificial coastlines may have obvious reflectance changes in certain bands. Therefore, the spectral reflectance differences of different coastline types in different bands can be analyzed by extracting spectral features to determine the coastline type.

[0096] Another example is that natural coastlines may have relatively complex textures, while artificial coastlines may have relatively regular textures. Therefore, methods such as gray-level co-occurrence matrix can be used to extract the texture features of the coastline area to analyze the coastline type.

[0097] Another example is that the shape of artificial coastlines is usually relatively regular, while the shape of natural coastlines may be more tortuous. Therefore, the outline of the coastline can be extracted by methods such as edge detection algorithms, and its shape features, including curvature, straightness, etc., can be analyzed.

[0098] Sub-step 2103: Identify and classify each coastal segment according to the feature information combined with the preset feature library to obtain development activity information, and analyze human activity information based on the geographical information data.

[0099] Specifically, the development activity information refers to the relevant information of artificial buildings identified on the coastline, such as artificial facilities like ports, flood control dikes, etc.; the human activity information analyzed based on geographical information data refers to the human activities assisted by the information data of the geographical system, and is also used to determine whether there are artificial facilities on the coastline; the feature library mainly contains the features of various types of coastlines collected in advance.

[0100] In specific implementation, there are mainly two ways to classify and identify the extracted feature information. One is to construct a neural network classification model, using the feature information as input, and through model recognition and classification to obtain development activity information; the other is to use an algorithm to identify and classify the features, mainly by combining a preset feature library, analyzing and comparing each feature to obtain development activity information.

[0101] This embodiment mainly compares the feature information with each preset feature in the feature library, so as to realize the identification and classification of each coastal line segment and obtain development activity information.

[0102] In an alternative embodiment, the above-mentioned identifying and classifying each coastal line segment according to the feature information in combination with a preset feature library to obtain development activity information may specifically include: respectively extracting the spectral feature, texture feature and shape feature of the coastline from the feature information; performing band analysis according to the spectral feature to determine the spectral reflectance of each coastal line segment in each band, and combining the spectral reflectance to determine the coastline type to obtain the first analysis information; based on the texture feature, using the gray-level co-occurrence matrix to calculate the texture feature value of each coastal line segment, and comparing the texture feature value with the texture feature values of different types of coastlines in the preset feature library to obtain the second analysis information; comparing the shape feature with the shape features of known types of coastlines in the preset feature library to obtain the third analysis information; based on the first analysis information, the second analysis information and the third analysis information, determining the development activity information.

[0103] Exemplarily, for the extraction and comparison of spectral features, this example can perform band analysis on the monitoring image and calculate the spectral reflectance of different types of coastlines in each band. For example, the reflectance of natural coastlines and artificial coastlines in the red band, green band, blue band, etc. can be calculated and compared. If the reflectance of a certain coastal line segment in a certain band is significantly higher or lower than the reflectance of other types of coastlines, it can be used as a judgment basis.

[0104] For the extraction and comparison of texture features, this example can use methods such as the gray-level co-occurrence matrix to calculate the texture feature values of the coastline area, such as contrast, correlation, energy, etc. Compare the calculated texture feature values with the texture feature values of known types of coastlines. For example, if the texture contrast of a certain coastal line segment is higher than the contrast threshold of natural coastlines and the energy is lower than the energy threshold of natural coastlines, it can be judged as a natural coastline.

[0105] For shape feature extraction and comparison, in this example, the contour of the coastline can be extracted through an edge detection algorithm (such as the Canny operator), and then its shape features, such as curvature and straightness, are calculated. These shape features are compared with those of known types of coastlines. For example, if the curvature of a certain section of the coastline is greater than the curvature threshold of the artificial coastline, it can be determined as a natural coastline.

[0106] Sub-step 2104, determine the coastline development and utilization information based on the development activity information and the human activity information.

[0107] In this embodiment, with human activity information as an aid, the coastline development and utilization status is determined based on the development activity information.

[0108] Step 220, continuously monitor the natural coastline segment, and when the natural coastline segment is at the high tide level of the spring tide or the low tide level of the neap tide, collect the geographical coordinates of the inflection points of the water-land demarcation line through the real-time kinematic (RTK) technology.

[0109] Step 230, use the geographic information system to connect the geographical coordinates to form the high tide line and the low tide line of the natural coastline, and determine the intertidal zone of the natural coastline segment based on the high tide line and the low tide line.

[0110] Step 240, in the geographic information system environment, use the nearest neighbor analysis tool to analyze the distance between the high tide line and the low tide line to obtain the intertidal zone width information of the intertidal zone.

[0111] A unified description of steps 220 - 240:

[0112] In specific implementation, this embodiment continuously monitors the natural coastline segment, including monitoring the high tide level of the spring tide and the low tide level of the neap tide of the coastline. At the high tide level of the spring tide and the low tide level of the neap tide of the natural coastline, the real-time kinematic (RTK) technology is used to collect the geographical coordinates of the inflection points of the water-land demarcation line at different tide levels. Then the geographic information system is used to connect the geographical coordinates of each inflection point to form the high tide line and the low tide line, and the intertidal zone is between the two lines. Then for the intertidal zone, the nearest neighbor analysis tool is used to measure the distance between the high tide line and the low tide line to obtain the width of the intertidal zone of the natural coastline.

[0113] Exemplarily, in the GIS environment, click ArcToolbox–AnalysisTools–Proximity-Near in sequence to enable the nearest neighbor analysis tool to measure the intertidal zone width.

[0114] Step 250: Continuously monitor the artificial coastline segment. When the artificial coastline is at the high tide level of a spring tide, detect the water depth information at the toe of the artificial structure in the artificial coastline and the average slope information of the intertidal zone.

[0115] Step 260: Take the water depth information and the average slope information of the intertidal zone as the first detection information.

[0116] A unified description of Steps 250 - 260:

[0117] In a specific implementation, for the artificial coastline, mainly monitor the water depth at the toe of the artificially constructed structure and the average slope of the intertidal zone when the artificial coastline is at the high tide level of a spring tide.

[0118] Step 270: Based on the intertidal zone width information, perform hierarchical identification in combination with the first detection information, and construct the coastline ecological space integrity information based on the hierarchical identification result.

[0119] Among them, the coastline ecological space integrity information includes the coastline ecological space integrity index and the degree of coastline ecological space integrity.

[0120] In an optional embodiment, the above-mentioned performing hierarchical identification based on the intertidal zone width information in combination with the first detection information and constructing the coastline ecological space integrity information based on the hierarchical identification result may include: for the natural coastline segment, analyze the first planar straight-line distance between the mean high water spring line and the mean low water neap line in the natural state according to the intertidal zone width information; for each coastline segment, analyze the second planar straight-line distance between the mean high water spring line and the mean low water neap line during the construction of the artificial structure; for the artificial coastline segment, determine the third planar straight-line distance according to the water depth information and the average slope information of the intertidal zone in the first detection information, where the third planar straight-line distance is the planar straight-line distance between the mean high water spring line and the mean low water neap line when there is an artificial structure in the intertidal zone of the coastline segment; determine the coastline ecological space integrity index according to the first planar straight-line distance, the second planar straight-line distance, and the third planar straight-line distance; perform hierarchical identification based on the coastline ecological space integrity index to determine the degree of coastline ecological space integrity of each coastline segment.

[0121] In this embodiment, in combination with Figure 3 As shown, whether it is a natural coastline or an artificial coastline, this embodiment mainly uses the planar straight-line distance between the mean high water spring line and the mean low water neap line in the natural state, and the planar straight-line distance between the mean high water spring line and the mean low water neap line during the construction of the artificial structure, these two planar straight-line distances, to evaluate and calculate the coastline ecological space integrity index.

[0122] In specific implementation, due to certain differences between the artificial coastline and the natural coastline, there are also differences in the calculation of the coastline ecological space integrity index for the two, as illustrated by the following examples.

[0123] Exemplarily, for the intertidal zone with artificial structures (usually the natural coastline), the average distance can be directly analyzed based on the intertidal zone width information to obtain the first planar straight-line distance between the mean high water line of the spring tide and the mean low water line of the neap tide.

[0124] Since there may be no artificial structure construction on the natural coastline, for the natural coastline, the planar straight-line distance (i.e., the second planar straight-line distance) between the mean high water line of the spring tide and the mean low water line of the neap tide in the case of artificial structure construction can be equal to the first planar straight-line distance; while for the artificial coastline, due to the existence of artificial structure construction, the planar straight-line distance between the mean high water line of the spring tide and the mean low water line of the neap tide in its natural state can be different from the corresponding planar straight-line distance.

[0125] For the intertidal zone with artificial structures (i.e., the artificial coastline), the planar straight-line distance between the mean high water line of the spring tide and the mean low water line of the neap tide in its natural state is generally difficult to directly measure, but in this embodiment, it can be indirectly estimated by measuring the water depth at the toe of the artificial structure at high tide and the average slope of the intertidal zone, so as to measure the planar straight-line distance of the coastline with artificial structures in the intertidal zone and obtain the third planar straight-line distance.

[0126] Optionally, determining the coastline ecological space integrity index according to the first planar straight-line distance, the second planar straight-line distance, and the third planar straight-line distance may include: evaluating according to the first planar straight-line distance in combination with the second planar straight-line distance to obtain the first coastline ecological space integrity index; evaluating according to the second planar straight-line distance and the third planar straight-line distance to obtain the second coastline ecological space integrity index; using the first coastline ecological space integrity index and the second coastline ecological space integrity index as the coastline ecological space integrity index.

[0127] In specific implementation, to evaluate the coastline ecological space integrity index for each coastline, this embodiment mainly uses the formula to determine the ecological space integrity index.

[0128] Where Q is the coastline ecological space integrity index, L is the planar straight-line distance between the mean high water line of the spring tide and the mean low water line of the neap tide in the natural state, and K is the planar straight-line distance between the mean high water line of the spring tide and the mean low water line of the neap tide in the case of artificial structure construction.

[0129] For the natural coastline, the ecological space integrity index Q of the natural coastline is evaluated and calculated by combining the first planar straight-line distance L and the second planar straight-line distance K; for the artificial coastline, the ecological space integrity index Q of the natural coastline can be evaluated and calculated by combining the third planar straight-line distance L and the second planar straight-line distance K.

[0130] Further, to determine the planar straight-line distance between the mean high water level of the spring tide and the mean low water level of the neap tide in the natural state when there are artificial structures in the intertidal zone, in this embodiment, the formula L = k + h cotα is used, with the water depth at the toe of the artificial structure at high tide and the average slope of the intertidal zone as inputs to determine the planar straight-line distance.

[0131] Optionally, for the above-mentioned artificial coastline segment, determining the third planar straight-line distance according to the water depth information and the average slope information of the intertidal zone in the first detection information may include: calculating the third planar straight-line distance according to L = k + h cotα; where h is the water depth at the toe of the artificial structure at high tide, α is the average slope of the coastal intertidal zone, and L is the planar straight-line distance.

[0132] Step 280, perform in-depth division on each coastline segment according to the coastline ecological space integrity information to obtain the coastline in-depth division result, and construct a classification determination of the coastline ecological space integrity based on the coastline in-depth division result.

[0133] In an optional embodiment, the above-mentioned performing in-depth division on each coastline segment according to the coastline ecological space integrity information to obtain the coastline in-depth division result may include: when the coastline ecological space integrity information meets the first preset condition, determining that the coastline ecological space is complete and there is no construction and development activity in the intertidal zone, and classifying the corresponding coastline as the target natural coastline; when the coastline ecological space integrity information meets the second preset condition, determining that the coastline ecological space has disappeared and the coastal development and construction activities have completely occupied or damaged the coastline ecological space, and classifying the corresponding coastline as an artificial coastline without ecological space; when the coastline ecological space integrity information meets the third preset condition, determining that the coastline ecological space has not been completely damaged, and classifying the corresponding coastline as an artificial coastline containing part of the ecological space.

[0134] Exemplarily, the preset conditions are set based on the reference values for the evaluation of the coastline ecological space integrity, and the reference values include three major categories, namely equal to 1, equal to 0, and between zero and one. Refer to Figure 4The shown distribution map of the target coastal line ecological space integrity index. When Q = 1.0, it represents that the coastal line ecological space integrity index meets the first preset condition, indicating that the coastal line ecological space is complete, there are no human construction and development activities in the intertidal zone, and it belongs to the natural coastal line; when Q = 0, it represents that the coastal line ecological space integrity index meets the second preset condition, indicating that the coastal line ecological space has disappeared, and human coastal development and construction activities have completely occupied or damaged the coastal line ecological space, belonging to the artificial coastal line without ecological space; when 0 < Q < 1.0, it represents that the coastal line ecological space integrity index meets the third preset condition, indicating that part of the coastal line ecological space is retained, and human coastal development and construction activities have occupied part of the coastal line ecological space, belonging to the artificial coastal line with partial ecological space.

[0135] For the artificial coastal line with partial ecological space, this embodiment can be further divided into an artificial coastal line with basic ecological space (0.8 ≤ Q < 1.0), an artificial coastal line with partial ecological space (0.50 ≤ Q < 0.80), an artificial coastal line with limited ecological space (0.20 ≤ Q < 0.50), and an artificial coastal line with a small amount of ecological space (0 < Q < 0.20).

[0136] Thus, the technical solution of this embodiment classifies and refines the types of coastal lines according to the reference value of the coastal line ecological space integrity assessment, provides technical support for the comprehensive management of coastal lines, and provides a theoretical reference for formulating a refined ecological restoration plan for coastal lines.

[0137] After this embodiment respectively determines the coastal line ecological space integrity index, the degree of coastal line ecological space integrity, and the classification of coastal line types, a classification determination of the coastal line ecological space integrity can be constructed, and this classification determination can be represented by Table 1 below.

[0138]

[0139] Table 1 Coastal line ecological space integrity index and classification of coastal line types

[0140] In summary, the coastline classification and determination method based on the evaluation of the ecological space integrity of the coastline provided by the embodiments of the present application classifies the coastline into natural coastline and artificial coastline according to the development and utilization status of the coastline; measures the key ecological indicators of the natural coast segment and the artificial coast segment respectively, including the width of the intertidal zone, the water depth at the toe of the artificial structure at the spring high tide level, and the average slope of the intertidal zone. Then, constructs the coastline ecological space integrity index to evaluate the ecological space integrity of the coastline. Finally, according to the value of the coastline ecological space integrity index, grades the ecological space degree of the coastline, and refines the artificial coastline into six types: artificial coastline with basic ecological space, artificial coastline with partial ecological space, artificial coastline with limited ecological space, artificial coastline with small ecological space, and artificial coastline without ecological space. Starting from the perspective of the ecological space integrity of the coastline, this embodiment constructs a classification and determination system for the ecological space integrity of the coastline, clarifies the theoretical basis and technical methods for the determination of artificial coastline, and solves the problem that the prior art cannot accurately and reasonably divide the coastline.

[0141] In addition, the technical solution of this embodiment quantitatively evaluates the integrity of the ecological space of the coastline and classifies and determines it, which is beneficial to providing technical support for the comprehensive management of the coastline, thus providing a theoretical reference for the formulation of the coastline ecological protection and restoration plan, or providing a theoretical reference for the formulation of the refined ecological restoration plan of the coastline.

[0142] It should be noted that for the method embodiments, for the sake of simple description, they are all expressed as a series of action combinations. However, those skilled in the art should know that the embodiments of the present application are not limited by the described action sequence, because according to the embodiments of the present application, certain steps can be performed in other sequences or simultaneously.

[0143] As Figure 5 shown, the embodiments of the present application also provide a coastline classification and determination device 500 based on the evaluation of the ecological space integrity of the coastline, including:

[0144] An information data acquisition module 510, configured to acquire the monitoring images and geographic information data of the target area, and perform identification and processing based on the monitoring images and the geographic information data to determine the coastline development and utilization information;

[0145] A classification processing module 520, configured to classify each coast segment in the target area according to the coastline development and utilization information to obtain the coastline type information corresponding to each coast segment, and the coastline type information includes natural coastline and artificial coastline;

[0146] The detection module 530 is used to detect the tidal level boundary coordinates and distance of the natural coastline segments corresponding to the natural coastline, so as to obtain the intertidal zone width information of the natural coastline segments, and to detect the water depth at high tide and the intertidal zone slope of the artificial coastline segments corresponding to the artificial coastline, so as to obtain the first detection information;

[0147] The classification and recognition module 540 is used to perform classification and recognition based on the intertidal zone width information in combination with the first detection information, and construct the coastline ecological space integrity information based on the classification and recognition results;

[0148] The classification determination and construction module 550 is used to perform in-depth division on each coastline segment according to the coastline ecological space integrity information, obtain the coastline in-depth division result, and construct the coastline ecological space integrity classification determination based on the coastline in-depth division result;

[0149] Among them, the coastline ecological space integrity information includes the coastline ecological space integrity index and the degree of coastline ecological space integrity.

[0150] Optionally, the information data acquisition module 510 includes:

[0151] The preprocessing sub-module is used to perform preprocessing of correction and enhancement on the monitoring image to obtain the target remote sensing image after preprocessing;

[0152] The feature extraction sub-module is used to perform feature extraction processing based on the target remote sensing image to obtain feature information;

[0153] The recognition and classification sub-module is used to perform recognition and classification on each coastline segment according to the feature information in combination with a preset feature library to obtain development activity information, and to analyze the human activity information based on the geographical information data;

[0154] The development and utilization information determination sub-module is used to determine the coastline development and utilization information based on the development activity information and the human activity information.

[0155] Optionally, the recognition and classification sub-module includes:

[0156] The feature extraction unit is used to respectively extract the spectral feature, texture feature and shape feature of the coastline from the feature information;

[0157] The first analysis unit is used to perform band analysis according to the spectral feature, determine the spectral reflectance of each coastline segment in each band, and determine the coastline type in combination with the spectral reflectance to obtain the first analysis information;

[0158] The first comparison unit is configured to calculate the texture feature values of each coastal line segment based on the texture features and using the gray-level co-occurrence matrix, and compare the texture feature values with the texture feature values of different types of coastlines in a preset feature library to obtain second analysis information;

[0159] The second comparison unit is configured to compare the shape features with the shape features of known types of coastlines in a preset feature library to obtain third analysis information;

[0160] The development activity information determination unit is configured to determine the development activity information based on the first analysis information, the second analysis information, and the third analysis information.

[0161] Optionally, the detection module 530 includes:

[0162] The first monitoring sub-module is configured to continuously monitor the natural coastal line segment, and when the natural coastal line segment is at the high tide of the spring tide or the low tide of the neap tide, collect the geographical coordinates of the inflection points of the water-land demarcation line through real-time kinematic carrier phase differential technology;

[0163] The coordinate analysis sub-module is configured to connect each of the geographical coordinates using a geographic information system to form the high tide line and the low tide line of the natural coastline, and determine the intertidal zone of the natural coastal line segment based on the high tide line and the low tide line;

[0164] The distance analysis sub-module is configured to analyze the distance between the high tide line and the low tide line using a nearest neighbor analysis tool in a geographic information system environment to obtain the intertidal zone width information of the intertidal zone;

[0165] The second monitoring sub-module is configured to continuously monitor the artificial coastal line segment, and when the artificial coastline is at the high tide of the spring tide, detect the water depth information and the average intertidal zone slope information at the toe of the artificial structure in the artificial coastline;

[0166] The detection information determination sub-module is configured to use the water depth information and the average intertidal zone slope information as the first detection information.

[0167] Optionally, the classification and recognition module 540 includes:

[0168] The first distance determination sub-module is configured to analyze the first planar straight-line distance between the mean high tide line of the spring tide and the mean low tide line of the neap tide in a natural state for the natural coastal line segment according to the intertidal zone width information;

[0169] The second distance determination sub-module is configured to analyze the second planar straight-line distance between the mean high tide line of the spring tide and the mean low tide line of the neap tide for each coastal line segment in the case of construction of the artificial structure;

[0170] The third distance determination sub-module, for the artificial coastal line segment, determines the third planar straight-line distance according to the water depth information and the average intertidal slope information in the first detection information. The third planar straight-line distance is the planar straight-line distance between the mean high water line and the mean low water line of neap tides when there are artificial structures in the intertidal zone of the coastal line segment;

[0171] The ecological space integrity index determination sub-module is used to determine the coastline ecological space integrity index according to the first planar straight-line distance, the second planar straight-line distance, and the third planar straight-line distance;

[0172] The ecological space integrity degree determination sub-module is used to perform hierarchical identification based on the coastline ecological space integrity index to determine the coastline ecological space integrity degree of each coastal line segment.

[0173] Optionally, the ecological space integrity index determination sub-module includes:

[0174] The first evaluation unit is used to evaluate according to the first planar straight-line distance in combination with the second planar straight-line distance to obtain the first coastline ecological space integrity index;

[0175] The second evaluation unit is used to evaluate according to the second planar straight-line distance and the third planar straight-line distance to obtain the second coastline ecological space integrity index;

[0176] The ecological space integrity index determination unit is used to use the first coastline ecological space integrity index and the second coastline ecological space integrity index as the coastline ecological space integrity index.

[0177] Optionally, the third distance determination sub-module is specifically used to calculate the third planar straight-line distance according to L = k + h cotα; where h is the water depth at the toe of the artificial structure at high tide, α is the average slope of the coastal intertidal zone, and L is the planar straight-line distance.

[0178] Optionally, the classification determination construction module 550 includes:

[0179] The first classification determination sub-module is used to determine that the coastline ecological space is complete and there is no construction and development activity in the intertidal zone when the coastline ecological space integrity information meets the first preset condition, and classify the corresponding coastline as the target natural coastline;

[0180] The second classification determination sub-module is used to determine that the coastline ecological space has disappeared and the coastal development and construction activities have completely occupied or damaged the coastline ecological space when the coastline ecological space integrity information meets the second preset condition, and classify the corresponding coastline as an artificial coastline without ecological space;

[0181] The third classification determination sub-module is configured to determine that the coastal ecological space is not completely damaged when the coastal ecological space integrity information meets the third preset condition, and classify the corresponding coastline as an artificial coastline containing partial ecological space.

[0182] It should be noted that the coastline classification determination device based on the evaluation of the integrity of the coastal ecological space provided in the embodiments of the present application can execute the coastline classification determination method based on the evaluation of the integrity of the coastal ecological space provided in any embodiment of the present application, and has the corresponding functions and beneficial effects of executing the method.

[0183] In a specific implementation, the above-mentioned coastline classification determination device based on the evaluation of the integrity of the coastal ecological space can be integrated into a device, so that the device can evaluate the integrity of the coastal ecological space based on the development and utilization status of the coastline, classify the integrity of the coastal ecological space, and construct a classification determination system for the integrity of the coastal ecological space. As an electronic device, it can quantitatively evaluate the integrity of the coastal ecological space and classify it. The electronic device can be composed of two or more physical entities or one physical entity. For example, the electronic device can be a personal computer (PC), a computer, a server, etc. The embodiments of the present application do not make specific limitations on this.

[0184] Such as Figure 6As shown in the figure, an embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, including a processor 111, a communication interface 112, a memory 113, and a communication bus 114. Among them, the processor 111, the communication interface 112, and the memory 113 complete communication with each other through the communication bus 114; the memory 113 is used to store computer programs; when the processor 111 is used to execute the programs stored on the memory 113, it implements the steps of the coastline classification and determination method based on the evaluation of the integrity of the coastal ecological space provided by any one of the foregoing method embodiments. Exemplarily, the steps of the coastline classification and determination method based on the evaluation of the integrity of the coastal ecological space may include the following steps: obtaining the monitoring images and geographic information data of the target area, and performing identification processing based on the monitoring images and the geographic information data to determine the coastline development and utilization information; classifying each coastal segment in the target area according to the coastline development and utilization information to obtain the coastline type information corresponding to each coastal segment, and the coastline type information includes natural coastlines and artificial coastlines; detecting the tidal level boundary coordinates and distance of the natural coastal segments corresponding to the natural coastlines to obtain the intertidal zone width information of the natural coastal segments, and detecting the water depth at high tide and the intertidal zone slope of the artificial coastal segments corresponding to the artificial coastlines to obtain the first detection information; performing hierarchical identification based on the intertidal zone width information in combination with the first detection information, and constructing the coastline ecological space integrity information based on the hierarchical identification results; performing in-depth division on each coastal segment according to the coastline ecological space integrity information to obtain the coastline in-depth division result, and constructing the coastline ecological space integrity classification and determination based on the coastline in-depth division result; where the coastline ecological space integrity information includes the coastline ecological space integrity index and the coastline ecological space integrity degree.

[0185] An embodiment of the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the coastline classification and determination method based on the evaluation of the integrity of the coastal ecological space provided by any one of the foregoing method embodiments.

[0186] It should be noted that, in this text, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the term "comprising", "including" or any other variation thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device comprising a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or further includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the statement "comprising an..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or device comprising the said element.

[0187] The above are only specific embodiments of the present application, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be obvious to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application will not be limited to these embodiments shown herein, but rather will conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features claimed herein.

Claims

1. A method for classifying and determining coastlines based on the assessment of the ecological space integrity of coastlines, characterized in that, Including: Obtain the monitoring images and geographic information data of the target area, and perform identification processing based on the monitoring images and the geographic information data to determine the coastline development and utilization information; Classify each coastal segment in the target area according to the coastline development and utilization information to obtain the corresponding coastline type information for each coastal segment, where the coastline type information includes natural coastlines and artificial coastlines; Detect the tidal level boundary coordinates and distance of the natural coastal segments corresponding to the natural coastlines to obtain the intertidal zone width information of the natural coastal segments, and detect the water depth at high tide and the intertidal zone slope of the artificial coastal segments corresponding to the artificial coastlines to obtain the first detection information; Perform hierarchical identification based on the intertidal zone width information in combination with the first detection information, and construct the coastline ecological space integrity information based on the hierarchical identification results; Deeply divide each coastal segment according to the coastline ecological space integrity information to obtain the coastline depth division results, and construct the coastline ecological space integrity classification determination based on the coastline depth division results; Among them, the coastline ecological space integrity information includes the coastline ecological space integrity index and the coastline ecological space integrity degree.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein Performing identification processing based on the monitoring images and the geographic information data to determine the coastline development and utilization information includes: Perform preprocessing of calibration and enhancement on the monitoring images to obtain the preprocessed target remote sensing images; Perform feature extraction processing based on the target remote sensing images to obtain feature information; Identify and classify each coastal segment according to the feature information in combination with a preset feature library to obtain the development activity information, and analyze the human activity information based on the geographic information data; Determine the coastline development and utilization information based on the development activity information and the human activity information.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein Detecting the tidal level boundary coordinates and distance of the natural coastal segments corresponding to the natural coastlines to obtain the intertidal zone width information of the natural coastal segments includes: Continuously monitor the natural coastal segments, and when the natural coastal segments are at the high tide of spring tides or the low tide of neap tides, collect the geographic coordinates of the inflection points of the water-land demarcation line through real-time kinematic carrier phase differential technology; Use geographic information systems to connect the geographic coordinates to form the high tide line and low tide line of the natural coastline, and determine the intertidal zone of the natural coastal segments based on the high tide line and the low tide line; In the geographic information system environment, use the nearest neighbor analysis tool to analyze the distance between the high tide line and the low tide line to obtain the intertidal zone width information of the intertidal zone.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Detecting the water depth at high tide and the intertidal zone slope of the artificial coastal segments corresponding to the artificial coastlines to obtain the first detection information includes: Continuously monitor the artificial coastal segments, and when the artificial coastline is at the high tide of spring tides, detect the water depth information and the average intertidal zone slope information at the toe of the artificial structure in the artificial coastline; Use the water depth information and the average intertidal zone slope information as the first detection information.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, Based on the intertidal zone width information, combined with the first detection information, perform hierarchical identification, and construct the coastline ecological space integrity information based on the hierarchical identification results, including: For the natural coastline segment, analyze the first planar straight-line distance between the mean high water line of the spring tide and the mean low water line of the neap tide under natural conditions according to the intertidal zone width information; For each coastline segment, analyze the second planar straight-line distance between the mean high water line of the spring tide and the mean low water line of the neap tide during the construction of artificial structures; For the artificial coastline segment, according to the water depth information and the average slope information of the intertidal zone in the first detection information, determine the third planar straight-line distance, where the third planar straight-line distance is the planar straight-line distance between the mean high water line of the spring tide and the mean low water line of the neap tide when there are artificial structures in the intertidal zone of the coastline segment; Determine the coastline ecological space integrity index according to the first planar straight-line distance, the second planar straight-line distance, and the third planar straight-line distance; Based on the coastline ecological space integrity index, perform hierarchical identification to determine the coastline ecological space integrity degree of each coastline segment.

6. The method according to claim 5, wherein Determine the coastline ecological space integrity index according to the first planar straight-line distance, the second planar straight-line distance, and the third planar straight-line distance, including: Evaluate according to the first planar straight-line distance, combined with the second planar straight-line distance, to obtain the first coastline ecological space integrity index; Evaluate according to the second planar straight-line distance and the third planar straight-line distance, to obtain the second coastline ecological space integrity index; Take the first coastline ecological space integrity index and the second coastline ecological space integrity index as the coastline ecological space integrity index.

7. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that According to the coastline ecological space integrity information, perform in-depth division on each coastline segment to obtain the coastline in-depth division result, including: When the coastline ecological space integrity information meets the first preset condition, determine that the coastline ecological space is complete and there is no construction and development activity in the intertidal zone, and divide the corresponding coastline into the target natural coastline; When the coastline ecological space integrity information meets the second preset condition, determine that the coastline ecological space has disappeared, and the coastal development and construction activities have completely occupied or damaged the coastline ecological space, and divide the corresponding coastline into an artificial coastline without ecological space; When the coastline ecological space integrity information meets the third preset condition, determine that the coastline ecological space has not been completely damaged, and divide the corresponding coastline into an artificial coastline containing part of the ecological space.

8. The method according to claim 5, wherein For the artificial coastline segment, according to the water depth information and the average slope information of the intertidal zone in the first detection information, determine the third planar straight-line distance, including: Calculate the third planar straight-line distance according to L = k + h cotα; Where h is the water depth at the toe of the artificial structure at high tide, α is the average slope of the coastal intertidal zone, and L is the planar straight-line distance.

9. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that According to the characteristic information, combined with the preset characteristic library, identify and classify each coastline segment to obtain the development activity information, including: Extract the spectral features, texture features, and shape features of the coastline from the feature information respectively; Conduct band analysis based on the spectral features to determine the spectral reflectance of each coastal segment in each band, and combine the spectral reflectance to determine the coastline type to obtain the first analysis information; Based on the texture features, use the gray-level co-occurrence matrix to calculate the texture feature values of each coastal segment, and compare the texture feature values with the texture feature values of different types of coastlines in the preset feature library to obtain the second analysis information; Compare the shape features with the shape features of known types of coastlines in the preset feature library to obtain the third analysis information; Based on the first analysis information, the second analysis information, and the third analysis information, determine the development activity information.

10. A coastline classification and determination device based on the evaluation of the ecological space integrity of the coastline, characterized in that, Including: An information data acquisition module, configured to acquire the monitoring images and geographic information data of the target area, and perform identification processing based on the monitoring images and the geographic information data to determine the coastline development and utilization information; A classification processing module, configured to classify each coastal segment in the target area according to the coastline development and utilization information to obtain the coastline type information corresponding to each coastal segment, where the coastline type information includes natural coastlines and artificial coastlines; A detection module, configured to perform tidal level boundary coordinate detection and distance detection processing on the natural coastal segments corresponding to the natural coastlines to obtain the intertidal zone width information of the natural coastal segments, and perform tidal level water depth and intertidal zone slope detection on the artificial coastal segments corresponding to the artificial coastlines to obtain the first detection information; A grading and recognition module, configured to perform grading and recognition based on the intertidal zone width information in combination with the first detection information, and construct the coastline ecological space integrity information based on the grading and recognition results; A classification determination and construction module, configured to deeply divide each coastal segment according to the coastline ecological space integrity information to obtain the coastline depth division result, and construct the coastline ecological space integrity classification determination based on the coastline depth division result; Wherein, the coastline ecological space integrity information includes the coastline ecological space integrity index and the coastline ecological space integrity degree.

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