A hydraulic turbine with wide-load ecological flow maintenance function

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of motor components, and more specifically, to a hydroturbine with a wide-load ecological flow maintenance function, comprising a mounting housing for accommodating carbon brushes; a position limiting unit is provided on the mounting housing to limit the carbon brushes within the mounting housing; the position limiting unit comprises a pressure housing fixedly disposed horizontally on the upper portion of the mounting housing; an arcuate housing connected to the pressure housing is disposed at the end of the pressure housing; the arcuate housing and the pressure housing together constitute a driving chamber; an arcuate rod is slidably disposed within the arcuate housing; when the arcuate rod slides out of the arcuate housing, one end of the arcuate rod contacts the end of the carbon brush and presses the carbon brush into the mounting housing; a pressure plate is provided within the pressure housing to move along the extension direction of the pressure housing; a spring is horizontally disposed between the pressure plate and the end of the pressure housing to provide pressure to the pressure plate; the pressure plate and the end of the arcuate rod form a sealed pushing chamber. The present invention not only ensures stable position limiting of the carbon brushes within the mounting housing, but also reduces the number of operating steps.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of motor components, and in particular to a water turbine with a wide-load ecological flow maintaining function. Background Art

[0002] The turbine includes a rotor and carbon brushes. The carbon brushes rotate in conjunction with the rotor. After long-term use, the carbon brushes will wear out. Therefore, the worn carbon brushes need to be replaced regularly. However, the existing replacement method is manual replacement, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive.

[0003] Chinese patent publication CN117498631A discloses a device for automatically replacing carbon brushes, including several brush boxes installed on a brush holder, several carbon brushes are arranged in the brush box, each brush box has a carbon brush in contact with the collector ring of the turbine generator set for frictional conductivity, and the remaining carbon brushes are pressed and fixed in the brush box for standby use, the carbon brushes are fixed on the carbon brush fixture, the carbon brush fixture is connected and fixed to one end of the rebound device through a spring, the other end of the rebound device is screwed and fixed to the switching shaft with a bolt, the switching shaft is sleeved on the main shaft, the main shaft is fixed in the middle of the brush box, the top of the main shaft is screwed with an end cover, the end cover blocks the rebound device along the axial direction of the main shaft, a positioning device is provided below the middle of the rebound device, the positioning device is embedded with a carbon brush fixture, and the carbon brush fixture limits the middle of the rebound device in the height direction.

[0004] The above solution pre-places the carbon brushes in the carbon brush box, but the carbon brushes in the existing turbine still need to be pressed by a constant pressure spring on the outside, and two wires are provided on one end of the carbon brush, and a connection terminal for connecting the two wires is provided at the end of the two wires. Therefore, simply placing the carbon brushes in the carbon brush box cannot complete the replacement of all the carbon brushes. Even if the two wires and terminals corresponding to the carbon brushes placed in the carbon brush box have been pre-installed, the replaced carbon brushes still need to be replaced manually, and the carbon brushes are located in the carbon brush box. When replacing, it is more difficult than traditional carbon brushes. In addition, a circle of carbon brushes is usually provided on the outside of the rotor. The circular carbon brush box is larger in size, which limits the number of carbon brushes set. If the number of carbon brushes is set to be small, there will be problems such as insufficient current carrying capacity, reduced system redundancy, deteriorated contact performance, increased vibration and noise, and poor adaptability. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the above-mentioned issues, a hydroturbine with a wide-load ecological flow maintenance function is provided. A pressure shell and an arc shell are provided on the upper portion of the mounting shell, so that the arc shell and the pressure shell are interconnected. The arc shell and the pressure shell together form a drive chamber with a sickle-shaped structure. When replacing the constant spring, the arc rod that limits the end of the carbon brush is pushed into the arc shell. The arc rod no longer limits the carbon brush, and the carbon brush in the mounting shell can be smoothly removed. When inserting a new carbon brush into the mounting shell, the arc rod pressed into the arc shell is released. Under the action of the spring's return force, the arc rod in the arc shell slides out and presses on the end of the carbon brush, ensuring stable contact between the carbon brush and the rotor. Compared with traditional constant-pressure springs, there is no need to confirm and fix the arc rod during carbon brush replacement.

[0006] In order to solve the problems of the prior art, the present invention provides a water turbine with a wide-load ecological flow maintenance function, comprising a casing, a rotor rotatably arranged in the casing, and a mounting shell, wherein a carbon brush is arranged in the mounting shell, and a terminal connected to the carbon brush is arranged below the carbon brush; a limiting unit for limiting the carbon brush in the mounting shell is arranged on the mounting shell, the limiting unit comprises a pressure shell horizontally fixedly arranged on the upper part of the mounting shell, an arc shell connected to the pressure shell is arranged at the end of the pressure shell, the arc shell and the pressure shell together constitute a driving chamber, an arc rod is slidingly arranged in the arc shell, when the arc rod slides out of the arc shell, one end of the arc rod contacts the end of the carbon brush and presses the carbon brush into the mounting shell, a pressure plate is arranged in the pressure shell for movement along the extension direction of the pressure shell, a spring is horizontally arranged between the pressure plate and the end of the pressure shell to provide pressure to the pressure plate, the pressure plate and the end of the arc rod form a closed pushing chamber, and the pressure plate pushes the arc rod to move through the pushing chamber.

[0007] Preferably, an arcuate groove having the same center as the arcuate groove is provided on the side wall of the arcuate shell, and an extension column is fixedly provided horizontally on the side wall of the arcuate rod, the extension column passes through the arcuate groove and slides with the arcuate groove.

[0008] Preferably, a replacement unit for replacing the carbon brush is provided on one side of the housing, and the replacement unit includes a bracket arranged on one side of the housing for movement in a horizontal direction, and an unlocking plate for pushing the extension column is fixedly provided on the upper part of the bracket.

[0009] Preferably, a mounting ring for connecting to the terminal is provided at the lower part of the mounting shell, a mounting hole for screwing in the screw is provided at the lower part of the mounting ring, and a tightening unit for screwing in or out the screw is horizontally provided at the lower part of the bracket. After the unlocking plate completes unlocking the arc rod, the working end of the tightening unit is aligned with the screw.

[0010] Preferably, the tensioning unit includes a tensioning disk that rotates around its own axis, a clamping groove that is clamped with the end of the screw is provided on the upper part of the tensioning disk, a driving unit for driving the tensioning disk to rotate is provided at one end of the tensioning disk, and a lifting unit for driving the tensioning disk to rise and fall is provided below the tensioning disk.

[0011] Preferably, the lifting unit includes a lifting plate that is movable in the vertical direction, a tension disk that is rotatably arranged on the lifting plate, a bellows that is vertically fixed at the lower part of the lifting plate, an air pump that injects gas into the bellows is arranged at the end of the bellows, and a pressure relief valve that releases the gas in the bellows is arranged on one side of the air pump.

[0012] Preferably, a rotating disk is rotatably provided in the bracket, a translation frame is movably provided on the rotating disk along the moving direction of the bracket, and a group of clamping claws for clamping the carbon brush are respectively provided at both ends of the translation frame.

[0013] Preferably, a placement groove for placing the terminal is provided at the lower portion of the translation frame, and a spring piece for clamping the terminal is provided on the side wall of the placement groove.

[0014] Preferably, a rotating ring is provided on the upper part of the mounting shell, which can drive the mounting shell to rotate around the axis of the rotor, a plurality of magnetic blocks are evenly provided on the outer peripheral wall of the rotating ring, and a plurality of electromagnets that can be energized in sequence are evenly provided on the periphery of the rotating ring, and the electromagnets are evenly fixed on the inner wall of the casing around the axis of the rotor.

[0015] Preferably, the relationship between the angle r of each rotation of the rotating ring and the number n of the mounting shells is: r=360° / n.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1. The present invention provides a pressure shell and an arc shell on the upper portion of the mounting shell, interconnecting the arc shell and the pressure shell. The arc shell and the pressure shell together form a drive chamber with a sickle-shaped structure. When replacing the carbon brush, the arc rod that limits the end of the carbon brush is pushed into the arc shell. The arc rod no longer limits the carbon brush, allowing the carbon brush in the mounting shell to be removed smoothly. When inserting a new carbon brush into the mounting shell, the arc rod pressed into the arc shell is released. Under the action of the spring's return force, the arc rod in the arc shell slides out and presses on the end of the carbon brush, ensuring stable contact between the carbon brush and the rotor. Compared to traditional constant pressure springs, there is no need to confirm and fix the arc rod during the carbon brush replacement process. The present invention not only ensures the stable position of the carbon brush in the mounting shell, but also reduces the operating procedures, improves work efficiency, and reduces workload.

[0018] 2. By arranging the bellows, air pump and pressure relief valve, when the tensioning unit removes the screw, the air pump continuously injects air into the bellows, and the driving unit arranged on one side of the tensioning disc drives the tensioning disc to rotate, so that the tensioning disc located directly below the screw fits with the lower end of the screw. The snapping groove on the tensioning disc can automatically fit with the lower end of the screw and complete the snapping as the tensioning disc rotates. The lower end of the screw is a hexagonal structure. At this time, the air pump is continuously in an inflated state. During the process of the driving unit driving the tensioning disc to rotate, the screw gradually slides out of the mounting hole. The slipped screw presses the lifting plate downward, causing the air pressure in the bellows to rise, and the gas in the bellows is discharged through the pressure relief valve, thereby ensuring that the lifting plate can provide an upward thrust to the tensioning disc and adapt to the gradually sliding out screw. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a water turbine with a wide-load ecological flow maintenance function according to the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 It is a cutaway perspective schematic diagram of a water turbine with a wide-load ecological flow maintaining function according to the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 The invention is a water turbine with wide load ecological flow maintenance function Figure 2 A local enlarged schematic diagram of point A in the middle.

[0022] Figure 4 The invention is a water turbine with wide load ecological flow maintenance function Figure 2 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of point B in the middle.

[0023] Figure 5 The invention is a water turbine with wide load ecological flow maintenance function Figure 2 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of point C in the middle.

[0024] Figure 6 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a water turbine with a wide-load ecological flow maintenance function after removing the casing and the rotor of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 7 The invention is a water turbine with wide load ecological flow maintenance function Figure 6 A local enlarged schematic diagram of point D in the middle.

[0026] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional diagram of a replacement unit of a water turbine with a wide load ecological flow maintenance function according to the present invention. Figure 1 .

[0027] Figure 9 The invention is a water turbine with wide load ecological flow maintenance function Figure 8A partial enlarged schematic diagram of point E in the middle.

[0028] Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional diagram of a replacement unit of a water turbine with a wide load ecological flow maintenance function according to the present invention. Figure 2 .

[0029] Figure 11 It is a cutaway perspective schematic diagram of a replacement unit of a water turbine with a wide-load ecological flow maintaining function according to the present invention.

[0030] Figure 12 The invention is a water turbine with wide load ecological flow maintenance function Figure 11 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of point F in the middle.

[0031] Figure 13 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a lifting unit of a water turbine with a wide-load ecological flow maintaining function according to the present invention.

[0032] The numbers in the figure are:

[0033] 1. Casing; 11. Rotor; 12. Mounting housing; 13. Mounting ring; 2. Carbon brush; 21. Wire; 22. Terminal; 23. Screw; 3. Limiting unit; 31. Arc rod; 32. Arc housing; 33. Pressure housing; 34. Spring; 35. Pressure plate; 36. Arc groove; 37. Extension column; 4. Replacement unit; 41. Bracket; 411. Slide; 42. Unlocking plate; 43. Tensioning unit; 431. Tensioning disc; 4311. Snap-in slot; 432. Drive unit ; 4321, first rotary driver; 4322, gear; 4323, gear ring; 433, lifting unit; 4331, lifting plate; 4332, bellows; 4333, air pump; 4334, pressure relief valve; 44, rotating disk; 441, second rotary driver; 442, screw rod; 443, third rotary driver; 45, translation frame; 451, clamping claw; 452, placement slot; 453, spring piece; 46, rotating ring; 461, magnetic block; 47, electromagnet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] In order to further understand the features, technical means, specific objectives and functions achieved by the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0035] Reference Figures 1-4 、 Figure 6 、 Figure 7 、 Figure 11 and Figure 12A hydro turbine with a wide load ecological flow maintenance function includes a casing 1, a rotor 11 rotatably arranged in the casing 1, and a mounting casing 12. A carbon brush 2 is arranged in the mounting casing 12, and a terminal 22 connected to the carbon brush 2 is arranged below the carbon brush 2; a limiting unit 3 is provided on the mounting casing 12 to limit the carbon brush 2 in the mounting casing 12, and the limiting unit 3 includes a pressure shell 33 fixedly arranged horizontally on the upper part of the mounting casing 12, and an arc shell 32 is provided at the end of the pressure shell 33 and is interconnected with the pressure shell 33, and the arc shell 32 and the pressure shell 3 are connected. 3 together constitute a driving chamber. An arc-shaped rod 31 is slidably arranged in the arc-shaped shell 32. When the arc-shaped rod 31 slides out of the arc-shaped shell 32, one end of the arc-shaped rod 31 contacts the end of the carbon brush 2 and presses the carbon brush 2 into the mounting shell 12. A pressure plate 35 is arranged in the pressure shell 33 and moves along the extension direction of the pressure shell 33. A spring 34 is horizontally arranged between the pressure plate 35 and the end of the pressure shell 33 to provide pressure for the pressure plate 35. The pressure plate 35 and the end of the arc-shaped rod 31 form a closed pushing chamber. The pressure plate 35 pushes the arc-shaped rod 31 to move through the pushing chamber.

[0036] The turbine comprises a housing 1 and a rotor 11 disposed in the housing 1. A plurality of mounting shells 12 for accommodating carbon brushes 2 are evenly disposed around the rotor 11. The mounting shells 12 are evenly arranged around the axis of the rotor 11. A mounting ring 13 is disposed below the mounting shell 12. The axis of the mounting ring 13 is collinear with the axis of the rotor 11. Two wires 21 are disposed at the lower portion of the carbon brush 2. Terminals 22 are disposed at the ends of the two wires 21 away from the carbon brush 2. The terminals 22 are fixed to the mounting ring 13 by screws 23. In the machine, in order to ensure that the carbon brush 2 arranged in the mounting shell 12 does not slip out of the mounting shell 12 during the contact with the rotor 11, a constant pressure spring is provided on the end of the mounting shell 12 away from the rotor 11. After the carbon brush 2 is installed in the mounting shell 12, the constant pressure spring is plugged into the end of the mounting shell 12. In order to ensure that the constant pressure spring can always press the carbon brush 2, the constant pressure spring also needs to be fixed when installing the constant pressure spring to prevent the constant pressure spring from slipping out of the end of the mounting shell 12 due to the reaction generated by its own elastic force. Since a plurality of carbon brushes 2 are usually provided in a hydro turbine, the existing steps for replacing the carbon brush 2 are as follows: first, the constant pressure spring is removed, then the screw 23 is unscrewed and the terminal 22 and the carbon brush 2 are removed, then a new carbon brush 2 is replaced, the carbon brush 2 is inserted into the mounting shell 12, the terminal 22 is fitted on the mounting ring 13, the terminal 22 is fixed with the screw 23, and then the constant pressure spring is inserted into the end of the mounting shell 12 and the constant pressure spring is fixed. In order to ensure that the constant pressure spring can stably press the carbon brush 2, the staff needs to fix each constant pressure spring, and also needs to ensure that all the constant pressure springs are correctly fixed, which is a huge workload.

[0037] In order to avoid the above problems, the structure of the existing turbine is optimized and designed. The traditional constant pressure spring is no longer used to limit and fix the carbon brush 2. As a result, the staff no longer needs to fix the constant pressure spring during the replacement of the carbon brush 2. The process of fixing the constant pressure spring is reduced, which greatly improves the work efficiency and reduces the workload of the staff. The specific structure and working process of the limiting unit 3 for limiting the carbon brush 2 are as follows:

[0038] The limiting unit 3 includes an arcuate shell 32 and a pressure shell 33. The pressure shell 33 is horizontally fixed on the upper part of the mounting shell 12. The arcuate shell 32 and the pressure shell 33 are interconnected to form a driving cavity. The driving cavity has a sickle-shaped structure. An arcuate rod 31 is slidingly arranged in the arcuate shell 32, and a spring 34 is arranged in the pressure shell 33 to provide pressure to the arcuate rod 31. When replacing the carbon brush 2, first push the arc rod 31 that contacts the end of the carbon brush 2 into the arc shell 32. At this time, the arc rod 31 pushes the pushing cavity, which pushes the pressure plate 35 to generate a pushing force and compresses the spring 34. When the arc rod 31 is completely pushed into the arc shell 32, unscrew the screw 23, and then pull out the carbon brush 2 set in the mounting shell 12. After the terminal 22 loses the screw 23 fixation, the carbon brush 2 is separated from the mounting ring 13 as it is pulled out. Then, insert a new carbon brush 2 into the mounting shell 12 so that the terminal 22 fits with the mounting ring 13. The mounting ring 13 opens and closes. A mounting hole is provided that is threadedly matched with the screw 23, so that the terminal 22 is moved to the mounting hole and the screw 23 is screwed into the mounting hole. The terminal 22 is fixed by the screw 23, and at the same time, the arc rod 31 pressed into the arc shell 32 is no longer pressed. The compressed spring 34 pushes the arc rod 31 through the pressure plate 35 and the pushing cavity. The arc rod 31 slides out of the arc shell 32 and contacts the end of the carbon brush 2. At this time, the spring 34 is still in a compressed state, and the contact end of the arc rod 31 and the carbon brush 2 is wrapped with a flexible material to prevent the end face of the carbon brush 2 from being damaged when the arc rod 31 contacts the carbon brush 2.

[0039] By arranging a pressure shell 33 and an arc shell 32 on the upper part of the mounting shell 12, the arc shell 32 and the pressure shell 33 are connected to each other, and the arc shell 32 and the pressure shell 33 jointly form a driving cavity, and the driving cavity has a sickle-shaped structure. When the carbon brush 2 is replaced, the arc rod 31 that limits the end of the carbon brush 2 is pushed into the arc shell 32, and the arc rod 31 no longer limits the carbon brush 2, and the carbon brush 2 in the mounting shell 12 can be smoothly taken out. When the new carbon brush 2 is inserted into the mounting shell 12, the arc rod 31 pressed into the arc shell 32 is released. Under the reset force of the spring 34, the arc rod 31 in the arc shell 32 slides out and presses on the end of the carbon brush 2, so that the carbon brush 2 is in stable contact with the rotor 11. Compared with the traditional constant pressure spring, there is no need to confirm and fix the arc rod 31 during the replacement of the carbon brush 2. The present invention not only ensures the stable positioning of the carbon brush 2 located in the mounting shell 12, but also reduces the operating procedures, improves work efficiency, and reduces workload.

[0040] Reference Figure 12 : An arc-shaped groove 36 with the same center as the arc-shaped shell 32 is opened on the side wall of the arc-shaped shell 32, and an extension column 37 is horizontally fixed on the side wall of the arc-shaped rod 31. The extension column 37 passes through the arc-shaped groove 36 and slides with the arc-shaped groove 36.

[0041] Since the end of the arc rod 31 contacts the end of the carbon brush 2, when replacing the carbon brush 2, it is easy to slip if the arc rod 31 is pushed directly. After an extension column 37 is provided on one side of the arc rod 31, before taking out the carbon brush 2, the extension column 37 is pushed along the arc groove 36 to make the arc rod 31 slide into the arc shell 32. Compared with directly pushing the arc rod 31 to move, it is more convenient to push the arc rod 31 to slide into the arc shell 32 through the extension column 37.

[0042] Reference Figure 8 and Figure 10 : A replacement unit 4 for replacing the carbon brush 2 is provided on one side of the casing 1. The replacement unit 4 includes a bracket 41 that is arranged on one side of the casing 1 for movement in the horizontal direction. An unlocking plate 42 that pushes the extension column 37 is fixed on the upper part of the bracket 41.

[0043] A slide 411 is horizontally provided at the lower part of the bracket 41 for driving the bracket 41 to move in the horizontal direction. When the carbon brush 2 needs to be replaced, the replacement unit 4 moves toward the casing 1 under the drive of the slide 411, and the unlocking plate 42 provided on the bracket 41 extends into the casing 1 and pushes the extension column 37, so that the extension column 37 moves from the end of the arc groove 36 away from the rotor 11 toward the end of the arc groove 36 close to the rotor 11. The extension column 37 drives the arc rod 31 to slide into the arc shell 32, so that the unlocking plate 42 automatically unlocks the arc rod 31 before replacing the carbon brush 2.

[0044] Reference Figure 9 、 Figure 11 and Figure 13 : A mounting ring 13 for connecting to the terminal 22 is provided at the lower part of the mounting shell 12, and a mounting hole for screwing the screw 23 is provided at the lower part of the mounting ring 13. A tightening unit 43 for screwing in or out the screw 23 is horizontally provided at the lower part of the bracket 41. After the unlocking plate 42 completes unlocking the arc rod 31, the working end of the tightening unit 43 is aligned with the screw 23.

[0045] Reference Figure 9 : The tensioning unit 43 includes a tensioning disc 431 that rotates around its own axis, and a clamping groove 4311 is provided on the upper part of the tensioning disc 431 for clamping with the end of the screw 23. A driving unit 432 is provided at one end of the tensioning disc 431 for driving the tensioning disc 431 to rotate, and a lifting unit 433 is provided below the tensioning disc 431 for driving the tensioning disc 431 to rise and fall.

[0046] The working end of the tension unit 43 refers to the clamping groove 4311 on the tension disk 431. The driving unit 432 includes a gear ring 4323 fixedly sleeved on the periphery of the tension disk 431. A gear 4322 that is rotatably arranged on one side of the gear ring 4323 and meshes with the gear ring 4323 is provided. A first rotation driver 4321 for driving the gear 4322 to rotate is provided at the end of the gear 4322. The first rotation driver 4321 is preferably a servo motor. When the unlocking plate 42 completely unlocks the arc rod 31, that is, When the carbon brush 2 is pulled out from the mounting shell 12, it will not be blocked by the arc-shaped rod 31. The lifting unit 433 drives the tension disc 431 to rise, and the tension disc 431 fits with the end of the screw 23. At the same time, the first rotation driver 4321 is started, and the tension disc 431 is driven to rotate through the gear 4322 and the gear ring 4323. When the engaging groove 4311 on the tension disc 431 is engaged with the end of the screw 23, the rotating tension disc 431 can drive the screw 23 to rotate, so that the screw 23 is screwed out of the mounting hole of the mounting ring 13.

[0047] Reference Figure 10 and Figure 11 The lifting unit 433 includes a lifting plate 4331 that is movable in the vertical direction, a tension disk 431 that is rotatably set on the lifting plate 4331, a bellows 4332 is vertically fixed at the lower part of the lifting plate 4331, an air pump 4333 that injects gas into the bellows 4332 is provided at the end of the bellows 4332, and a pressure relief valve 4334 that releases the gas in the bellows 4332 is provided on one side of the air pump 4333.

[0048] By providing the bellows 4332, the air pump 4333 and the pressure relief valve 4334, when the tensioning unit 43 is removing the screw 23, the air pump 4333 continuously injects air into the bellows 4332, and the driving unit 432 provided on one side of the tensioning disc 431 drives the tensioning disc 431 to rotate, so that the tensioning disc 431 located directly below the screw 23 fits with the lower end of the screw 23, and the engaging groove 4311 on the tensioning disc 431 can automatically fit with the lower end of the screw 23 as the tensioning disc 431 rotates. After the clamping is completed, the lower end of the screw 23 is a hexagonal structure. At this time, the air pump 4333 is continuously in an inflated state. During the process of the drive unit 432 driving the tension disc 431 to rotate, the screw 23 gradually slides out of the mounting hole. The slid-out screw 23 presses down the lifting plate 4331, causing the air pressure in the bellows 4332 to rise, and the gas in the bellows 4332 is discharged through the pressure relief valve 4334. This ensures that the lifting plate 4331 can provide an upward thrust to the tension disc 431 and can adapt to the gradually sliding out screw 23.

[0049] Reference Figure 10 and Figure 11 A rotating disk 44 is rotatably provided in the bracket 41, and a translation frame 45 is provided on the rotating disk 44 to move along the moving direction of the bracket 41. A group of clamping claws 451 for clamping the carbon brush 2 are respectively provided at both ends of the translation frame 45.

[0050] Reference Figure 4 、 Figure 10 and Figure 11 A placement slot 452 for placing the terminal 22 is provided at the lower portion of the translation frame 45 , and a spring 453 for clamping the terminal 22 is provided on the side wall of the placement slot 452 .

[0051] When the unlocking plate 42 pushes the arc rod 31 completely into the arc shell 32, the bracket 41 stops moving, and the translation frame 45 arranged on the rotating disk 44 moves along the moving direction of the bracket 41 toward the casing 1, and the clamping claw 451 arranged on the translation frame 45 is in an open state. When one end of the translation frame 45 contacts the end of the carbon brush 2 located in the mounting shell 12, the clamping claw 451 closes and clamps the carbon brush 2. At the same time, since the tightening unit 43 has not screwed out the screw 23 at this time, the terminal 22 fixed on the mounting ring 13 by the screw 23 can smoothly slide into the placement groove 452 and be clamped by the spring piece 453. Then the tightening unit 43 screws out the screw 23, and the lifting unit 433 in the tightening unit 43 drives the screw 23 to descend. The translation frame 45 drives the carbon brush 2 in the mounting shell 12 to slide out through the clamping claw 451. At this time, the clamping claw 451 at the other end of the translation frame 45 The new carbon brush 2 is clamped and the terminal 22 is clamped in the placement groove 452. When the translation frame 45 moves to the specified position, the rotating disk 44 rotates, and the rotating disk 44 drives the translation frame 45 to rotate 180 degrees. Then the translation frame 45 slides toward the casing 1 again, and the translation frame 45 inserts the new carbon brush 2 into the mounting shell 12 through the clamping claw 451. Then the lifting unit 433 in the tightening unit 43 lifts the screw 23 and screws the screw 23 into the mounting hole through the driving unit 432. When the screw 23 is completely screwed in, the clamping claw 451 on the translation frame 45 loosens the inserted carbon brush 2, and the bracket 41 is withdrawn from the casing 1 under the drive of the slide 411. The mounting ring 13 and the mounting shell 12 in the casing 1 rotate synchronously, so that the next carbon brush 2 rotates to the direction opposite to the bracket 41, and then the bracket 41 moves toward the casing 1 again, and the cycle repeats. A second rotation driver 441 for driving the rotating disk 44 to rotate is provided at the lower part of the bracket 41, and a screw rod 442 is horizontally provided in the rotating disk 44. The screw rod 442 passes through the translation frame 45 and is threadedly engaged with the translation frame 45. A third rotation driver 443 for driving the screw rod 442 to rotate is provided at one end of the screw rod 442.

[0052] Reference Figure 5 : A rotating ring 46 is provided on the upper part of the mounting shell 12, which can drive the mounting shell 12 to rotate around the axis of the rotor 11. A plurality of magnetic blocks 461 are evenly provided on the outer peripheral wall of the rotating ring 46. A plurality of electromagnets 47 that can be energized in sequence are evenly provided on the outer periphery of the rotating ring 46. The electromagnets 47 are evenly fixed on the inner wall of the casing 1 around the axis of the rotor 11.

[0053] Reference Figures 1-13 : The angle of each rotation of the rotating ring 46 = 360° / the number of mounting shells 12.

[0054] By making the angle of each rotation of the rotating ring 46 = 360° / the number of mounting shells 12 , it is ensured that the mounting shells 12 arranged around the rotor 11 can be rotated to the opposite side of the bracket 41 under the drive of the rotating ring 46 .

[0055] Working principle: When replacing the carbon brush 2, first push the arc rod 31 that contacts the end of the carbon brush 2 into the arc shell 32. At this time, the arc rod 31 pushes the cavity, which pushes the cavity to generate a driving force on the pressure plate 35 and compresses the spring 34. When the arc rod 31 is completely pushed into the arc shell 32, unscrew the screw 23, and then pull out the carbon brush 2 set in the mounting shell 12. After the terminal 22 loses the screw 23 fixation, the carbon brush 2 is separated from the mounting ring 13 as it is pulled out. Then insert a new carbon brush 2 into the mounting shell 12, so that the terminal 22 fits with the mounting ring 13, and the mounting ring 13 is installed. A mounting hole is provided on the top that is threadedly matched with the screw 23, so that the terminal 22 is moved to the mounting hole and the screw 23 is screwed into the mounting hole. The terminal 22 is fixed by the screw 23, and at the same time, the arc rod 31 pressed into the arc shell 32 is no longer pressed. The compressed spring 34 pushes the arc rod 31 through the pressure plate 35 and the pushing cavity. The arc rod 31 slides out of the arc shell 32 and contacts the end of the carbon brush 2. At this time, the spring 34 is still in a compressed state, and the contact end of the arc rod 31 and the carbon brush 2 is wrapped with a flexible material to prevent the end face of the carbon brush 2 from being damaged when the arc rod 31 contacts the carbon brush 2.

[0056] At the same time, a replacement unit 4 that can automatically replace the carbon brush 2 is also provided on the side of the casing 1. When the replacement unit 4 replaces the carbon brush 2, the replacement unit 4 moves toward the casing 1 under the drive of the slide 411, and the unlocking plate 42 provided on the bracket 41 extends into the casing 1 and pushes the extension column 37, so that the extension column 37 moves from the end of the arc groove 36 away from the rotor 11 toward the end of the arc groove 36 close to the rotor 11, and the extension column 37 drives the arc rod 31 to slide into the arc shell 32, so that before the carbon brush 2 is replaced, the unlocking plate 42 automatically unlocks the arc rod 31. At the same time, the tensioning unit 43 is located just below the screw 23. When the unlocking plate 42 pushes the arc rod 31 completely into the arc shell 32, the bracket 41 stops moving, and the translation frame 45 arranged on the rotating disk 44 moves toward the housing 1 along the moving direction of the bracket 41. The clamping claw 451 arranged on the translation frame 45 is in an open state. When one end of the translation frame 45 contacts the end of the carbon brush 2 located in the mounting shell 12, the clamping claw 451 closes and clamps the carbon brush 2. At the same time, since the tensioning unit 43 has not yet unscrewed the screw 23, the terminal 22 fixed on the mounting ring 13 by the screw 23 can smoothly slide into the placement groove 452 and be clamped by the spring piece 453. Then the tensioning unit 43 unscrews the screw 23, and the lifting unit 433 in the tensioning unit 43 drives the screw 23 to descend. The translation frame 45 drives the carbon brush 2 in the mounting shell 12 to slide out through the clamping claw 451. At this time, the translation frame 45 The clamping jaw 451 at the other end clamps the new carbon brush 2, and the terminal 22 is clamped in the placement groove 452. When the translation frame 45 moves to the specified position, the rotating disk 44 rotates, and the rotating disk 44 drives the translation frame 45 to rotate 180 degrees. Then the translation frame 45 slides toward the casing 1 again, and the translation frame 45 inserts the new carbon brush 2 into the mounting shell 12 through the clamping jaw 451. Then the lifting unit 433 in the tensioning unit 43 lifts the screw 23 and screws the screw 23 into the mounting hole through the driving unit 432. When the screw 23 is completely screwed in, the clamping jaw 451 on the translation frame 45 loosens the inserted carbon brush 2, and the bracket 41 is withdrawn from the casing 1 under the drive of the slide 411. The mounting ring 13 and the mounting shell 12 in the casing 1 rotate synchronously, so that the next carbon brush 2 rotates to the direction opposite to the bracket 41, and then the bracket 41 moves toward the casing 1 again, and the cycle repeats.

[0057] The above embodiments merely represent one or more embodiments of the present invention, and their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. It should be noted that a person of ordinary skill in the art may make various modifications and improvements without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and such modifications and improvements fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A water turbine with a wide-load ecological flow maintenance function, comprising a housing (1), a rotor (11) rotatably disposed in the housing (1), and a mounting housing (12), wherein a carbon brush (2) is disposed in the mounting housing (12), and a terminal (22) connected to the carbon brush (2) is disposed below the carbon brush (2); It is characterized by: A limiting unit (3) for limiting the carbon brush (2) in the mounting shell (12) is provided on the mounting shell (12). The limiting unit (3) includes a pressure shell (33) fixedly provided horizontally on the upper portion of the mounting shell (12). An arc shell (32) communicating with the pressure shell (33) is provided at the end of the pressure shell (33). The arc shell (32) and the pressure shell (33) together constitute a driving chamber. An arc rod (31) is slidably provided in the arc shell (32). The arc rod (31) slides out of the arc shell (32). When the carbon brush (2) is pulled out, one end of the arc rod (31) contacts the end of the carbon brush (2) and presses the carbon brush (2) into the mounting shell (12). A pressure plate (35) is provided in the pressure shell (33) so as to move along the extension direction of the pressure shell (33). A spring (34) for providing pressure to the pressure plate (35) is provided horizontally between the pressure plate (35) and the end of the pressure shell (33). The pressure plate (35) and the end of the arc rod (31) form a closed pushing cavity. The pressure plate (35) pushes the arc rod (31) to move through the pushing cavity. A replacement unit (4) for replacing the carbon brush (2) is provided on one side of the housing (1), the replacement unit (4) comprising a bracket (41) arranged on one side of the housing (1) for movement in a horizontal direction, an unlocking plate (42) for pushing the extension column (37) being fixedly provided on the upper portion of the bracket (41); A mounting ring (13) for connecting to the terminal (22) is provided at the lower portion of the mounting shell (12), a mounting hole for screwing the screw (23) is provided at the lower portion of the mounting ring (13), and a tightening unit (43) for screwing the screw (23) in or out is horizontally provided at the lower portion of the bracket (41), and after the unlocking plate (42) unlocks the arc rod (31), the working end of the tightening unit (43) is aligned with the screw (23); The tensioning unit (43) includes a tensioning disc (431) that rotates around its own axis. A clamping groove (4311) that is mutually clamped with the end of the screw (23) is provided on the upper portion of the tensioning disc (431). A driving unit (432) for driving the tensioning disc (431) to rotate is provided at one end of the tensioning disc (431). A lifting unit (433) for driving the tensioning disc (431) to lift is provided below the tensioning disc (431).

2. The water turbine with wide load ecological flow maintenance function according to claim 1, characterized in that: An arcuate groove (36) having the same center as the arcuate groove (32) is provided on the side wall of the arcuate shell (32), and an extension column (37) is fixedly provided horizontally on the side wall of the arcuate rod (31). The extension column (37) penetrates the arcuate groove (36) and is slidably engaged with the arcuate groove (36).

3. The water turbine with wide load ecological flow maintenance function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting unit (433) includes a lifting plate (4331) that is movable in a vertical direction. The tension disc (431) is rotatably arranged on the lifting plate (4331). A bellows (4332) is vertically fixedly arranged at the lower part of the lifting plate (4331). An air pump (4333) for injecting gas into the bellows (4332) is arranged at the end of the bellows (4332). A pressure relief valve (4334) for releasing gas from the bellows (4332) is arranged on one side of the air pump (4333).

4. The water turbine with wide load ecological flow maintenance function according to claim 1, characterized in that: A rotating disk (44) is rotatably provided in the bracket (41), a translation frame (45) is movably provided on the rotating disk (44) along the moving direction of the bracket (41), and a group of clamping claws (451) for clamping the carbon brush (2) are respectively provided at both ends of the translation frame (45).

5. The water turbine with wide load ecological flow maintaining function according to claim 4, characterized in that: A placement groove (452) for placing the terminal (22) is provided at the lower portion of the translation frame (45), and a spring (453) for clamping the terminal (22) is provided on the side wall of the placement groove (452).

6. The water turbine with wide load ecological flow maintenance function according to claim 1, characterized in that: A rotating ring (46) capable of driving the mounting shell (12) to rotate around the axis of the rotor (11) is provided on the upper portion of the mounting shell (12), a plurality of magnetic blocks (461) are evenly provided on the outer peripheral wall of the rotating ring (46), and a plurality of electromagnets (47) capable of being energized in sequence are evenly provided on the outer periphery of the rotating ring (46), and the electromagnets (47) are evenly fixed on the inner wall of the housing (1) around the axis of the rotor (11).

7. The water turbine with wide load ecological flow maintaining function according to claim 6, characterized in that: The relationship between the angle r of each rotation of the rotating ring (46) and the number n of the mounting shells (12) is: r=360° / n.

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