System for detecting unauthorized person in vehicle exterior and related method
The system uses UWB modules for both communication and radar sensing to cost-effectively detect and differentiate unauthorized personnel around vehicles, addressing the high computational and privacy concerns of existing camera-based systems.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202480005142.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Priority Date
- 2023-03-29
- Filing Date
- 2024-03-08
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-15
AI Technical Summary
The prior art systems for detecting unauthorized personnel in the external space of a vehicle usually rely on cameras, resulting in higher computational workload and cost, and additional hardware is required when using radio modules, which are also costly.
The UWB module is used as the radio module of the key unit and the vehicle unit. Combined with the radar sensor function, unauthorized personnel are detected through ranging and position determination. The UWB module transmits radar pulses to detect objects while transmitting and receiving signals, and is combined with the BLE module for verification and control.
It realizes low-cost and reliable unauthorized personnel inspection. Through the combination of UWB module and BLE module, the system cost is reduced, while improving the reliability and efficiency of inspection.
Smart Images
Figure CN120322697A_ABST
Abstract
Description
[0001] Specification
[0002] The present invention relates to a system and a related method for detecting unauthorized persons in the external space of a vehicle, i.e., in the environment or surroundings of the vehicle.
[0003] Systems for detecting unauthorized persons are known from the prior art, but these systems are generally based on cameras. Since it is necessary to detect persons in image technology and analyze the images, the required computational effort and cost are relatively high. In addition, there may be data protection problems.
[0004] Furthermore, it is known from the prior art to use radio modules, in particular UWB modules and BLE modules, arranged in the vehicle for communicating with a key unit and for determining the distance between the key unit and the vehicle in order to thereby provide a keyless entry or keyless exit function.
[0005] However, if unauthorized persons are to be detected in a vehicle equipped with a UWB module, additional hardware, such as a camera, is generally used in the prior art, and thus the cost is correspondingly high.
[0006] Therefore, the object of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned disadvantages and to provide a cost-effective and reliable system for detecting unauthorized persons in the external space of a vehicle, as well as a related method.
[0007] This object is solved by the combination of features according to claim 1.
[0008] Therefore, a system for detecting unauthorized persons in the external space of a vehicle is proposed according to the present invention. The system has a key unit and a vehicle unit. Here, the key unit is preferably movable relative to the vehicle, i.e., mobile, while the vehicle unit is particularly firmly integrated in the vehicle, i.e., immovable relative to the vehicle. In this example, the key unit should be particularly understood as all devices that can be used as keys, i.e., for verifying and / or identifying whether the key carrier is an authorized user. For example, a smartphone, a smart bracelet, or even a mechanical key can be a key unit in the sense of the present invention, as long as they have at least one radio module for communicating with the vehicle unit. Multiple key units can also be provided in the system, and these key units can be units with the same structure or units with different structures. At least one radio module of the key unit is particularly used for communicating with the vehicle unit, and is also particularly used for transmitting and / or receiving preferably encrypted signals for controlling vehicle functions, verifying and / or identifying the relationship between the key unit and the vehicle unit, and for transmitting and / or receiving signals to determine the distance and position of the key unit relative to the vehicle unit. For example, at least one radio module of the key unit can be a UWB module and / or a BLE module, which will be described in more detail below with reference to the vehicle unit. According to the present invention, the vehicle unit has at least one radio module configured to communicate with the key unit or the radio module of the key unit in the external space, and / or determine the position of the key unit in the external space, and / or determine the distance between the key unit and the radio module in the external space. Here, the distance can be determined particularly by determining the round-trip time (RTT) of the signal, i.e., the transmission time of the signal from the transmitter to the receiver and then back to the receiver, or by the time-of-flight (ToF) method. For example, the distance is determined by the signal transmission time from the radio module (transmitter) of the vehicle unit to the radio module (receiver) of the key unit and / or the signal transmission time from the radio module (transmitter) of the key unit to the radio module (receiver) of the vehicle unit. In addition, at least one radio module of the vehicle unit can have multiple, and particularly exactly two, receiving channels configured as antennas, for example, and can measure the phase difference of the signals received by the two receiving channels to determine the direction of the signal received. Then, the position of the key unit relative to the vehicle unit can be determined based on the determined signal transmission time in combination with the direction or the phase difference. However, additionally or alternatively, if there are enough radio modules, other methods can also be used for position determination, such as triangulation. For the present invention, at least one of the radio modules is a UWB module. The UWB module uses the so-called ultra-wideband technology (UWB), which utilizes a frequency range with a bandwidth of at least 500 MHz (megahertz), or at least 20% of the arithmetic mean of the lower cut-off frequency and the upper cut-off frequency of the frequency band for transmitting and / or receiving signals.According to the present invention, the UWB module is configured to transmit and / or receive a first signal for communicating with the key unit and / or determining the position of the key unit and / or determining the distance of the key unit in the external space. As described above, the distance measurement can be determined, for example, using RTT or ToF. Also as described above, the position of the key unit can be determined by an additional determination of the phase difference or, for example, triangulation. The key point of the present invention is that the UWB module is configured to transmit and / or receive a second signal as a radar pulse in addition to transmitting and / or receiving the first signal, especially during an intermittent period, detect an object in the external space by the radar pulse, and determine its position and / or movement relative to the UWB module.
[0009] Thereby, the UWB module can be used simultaneously for communicating with the key unit and as a radar sensor, thus achieving a corresponding low-cost design because the UWB module for communicating with the key unit can be arranged in any case to transmit signals to the external space, i.e., around the vehicle.
[0010] The cost advantage is particularly significant when the communication between the key unit and the vehicle unit and / or the positioning of the vehicle unit or the key unit relative to the vehicle, i.e., the position determination itself, requires the use of a UWB wireless module.
[0011] With such a system, it is possible to monitor whether an object approaches the external space around the vehicle, identify whether the object is a living being or a person, and distinguish authorized users or multiple authorized users and unauthorized persons by comparing the position of the living being / person and the position of the key unit.
[0012] On this basis, the system can take further preventive measures, such as preventing damage to the vehicle or unauthorized entry into the vehicle.
[0013] A further advantageous embodiment provides that the UWB module is configured to alternately transmit and / or receive the first signal and the second signal.
[0014] The UWB module is preferably configured to transmit and / or receive the first signal in a first time interval and transmit and / or receive the second signal in a second time interval, wherein the second time intervals are respectively located between two first time intervals.
[0015] Furthermore, it can be stipulated that the UWB module is configured to transmit and / or receive the first signal and / or the second signal according to the distance of the key unit. For example, if the key unit is far away for a period of time and communication cannot be carried out via the first signal anyway, or if it is very close and communication or establishment of communication can be carried out via another radio module (such as a BLE module), the UWB module can only transmit and / or receive the second signal during this period. However, in order to further determine the distance between the key unit and the vehicle unit, it is preferably stipulated that, in addition to communicating via another radio module, such as a BLE module, communication can also be selectively carried out via the UWB module to achieve distance determination, that is, ranging the key unit.
[0016] Since the function of the UWB module as a radar sensor is preferably used to detect living beings or humans, it can be stipulated that the UWB module is configured to transmit and / or receive the second signal as a radar pulse with a predetermined correlation pattern to detect a living being as an object.
[0017] Since many modern vehicles are equipped with other radio modules in addition to the UWB module, especially BLE modules, these modules can be integrated into the system to detect unauthorized persons in the external space of the vehicle. In the following variant, it is stipulated that the vehicle unit has at least two radio modules, and at least one of the radio modules is a BLE module. Therefore, the UWB module and the BLE module are set as at least two radio modules. Here, the BLE module operates according to a special form of the Bluetooth standard, which is called Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE). The BLE module is configured here to communicate with the key unit, especially to identify / verify the carrier of the key unit, and / or to determine the position of the key unit and / or to determine the distance between the key unit and the BLE module. For example, this distance can also be determined by the ToF or RTT method, and this position can be determined by additionally determining the direction, that is, measuring the phase difference between two receiving channels.
[0018] Although a Bluetooth module can generally be used instead of the BLE module, according to the Car Connectivity Consortium (CCC), in applications, only the BLE module is used for the key unit and the vehicle unit of the vehicle, and these modules are only used for communication for authentication and control of the vehicle unit and the key unit, so the distance or position determination function will not be provided via BLE during application.
[0019] It can be stipulated that communication or identification / verification is carried out using the UWB module and the BLE module according to the distance between the key unit and the vehicle unit. If the BLE module is used for communication or identification / verification with the key unit, the UWB module can be used more as a radar sensor. Accordingly, the first signal sent is relatively less, or the time interval for sending the first signal is shorter.
[0020] If the vehicle unit has both a UWB module and a BLE module, then the key unit also particularly has a UWB module and a BLE module.
[0021] As previously mentioned, according to an advantageous further embodiment, the UWB module of the vehicle unit has at least two preferably spaced-apart receiving channels and is configured to determine the direction of the detected object based on the phase difference and / or the time difference of transmission between the second signals received by the two receiving channels. If the direction and the distance are known, the position of the object relative to the UBW module or the vehicle unit can be determined accordingly.
[0022] In addition, the vehicle unit may also have a control module that is connected by signal technology to at least one radio module, such as at least one UWB module, and, if any, also to at least one BLE module. In addition, the control module is also configured to determine whether the detected object is a living being based on the change in the position and / or movement of the detected object in the external space. Here, for example, the movement or position change over a period of time can be recorded or detected and stored. The movement pattern corresponding to, for example, the breathing of a living being can be determined from the movement and / or position change. If a movement pattern corresponding to, for example, the breathing movement of a person is determined, it can be concluded that the object is a living being. In order to compare the detected movement pattern with known (breathing) patterns (reference patterns), these known breathing patterns can be stored in the control module.
[0023] However, in addition or alternatively, other information, such as the size of the object, can also be used, which can be determined by the UWB module operating as a radar sensor. If the UWB module has a large number of receiving channels, such as a large number of antennas arranged in an array, for example, it is particularly feasible to use the UWB module to determine the size of the object.
[0024] However, an advantageous variant provides that a UWB module is mounted on the vehicle unit, which has exactly two receiving channels, i.e., exactly two spaced-apart antennas.
[0025] If the system or a vehicle unit has a control module, the control module can be configured to compare the position and / or distance of the key unit with the position of an object recognized as a living being. If the positions match within a predetermined tolerance and / or the distance of the key unit is related to the position of the object or living being within a predetermined tolerance, the control unit will recognize the living being as an authorized user. However, if the positions deviate from each other by more than the predetermined tolerance, or if the distance of the key unit is not related to the position of the object or living being in a manner that exceeds the predetermined tolerance, the object or living being is recognized as an unauthorized person. Here, the correlation between the distance and the position means that the determined position of the object relative to the vehicle unit or the UWB module must lie on an imaginary circle that has a radius around the vehicle unit or the UWB module, and this radius corresponds to the distance from the key unit to the vehicle unit or the UWB module.
[0026] On this basis, the control module can be configured to trigger an alarm and / or send a message and / or manipulate vehicle components when certain parameters are met. For example, the parameters can be:
[0027] a. The vehicle is locked and / or not moving;
[0028] b. And / or, within a predetermined long distance from the vehicle, that is, at a distance greater than a predetermined distance limit, such as 10 meters, from the vehicle unit, no authorized user is recognized or an authorized user is recognized;
[0029] c. And / or, within a predetermined short distance from the vehicle, that is, at a distance less than a predetermined distance limit, such as 1 meter, from the vehicle unit, at least one unauthorized person is recognized or at least one unauthorized person;
[0030] d. And / or, at least one unauthorized person is recognized for a period of time, such as 60 seconds.
[0031] If the distance and / or position is determined by a radio module, a common coordinate origin in the vehicle can always be referred to, or it can be converted to this coordinate origin. This coordinate origin does not necessarily have to be located in the radio module, but can correspond to the geometric center point of the vehicle. If a transformation of the position or distance is required, for example, the relative positioning of the radio module with respect to the coordinate origin can be stored in the control module.
[0032] Another aspect of the present invention also relates to a method for detecting unauthorized persons in the external space of a vehicle using the system of the present invention. This method includes the following steps:
[0033] a. Determining the position and / or distance of the key unit from at least one radio module;
[0034] b. Using the UWB module to transmit and / or receive radar pulses to detect objects, and determining the position and / or movement of the objects by the UWB module;
[0035] c. Classify objects into living and inanimate objects as described above by evaluating position changes and resulting movement patterns;
[0036] d. Compare the position and / or distance of the key unit with the position of the object classified as a living being, where, if the positions are consistent and / or the correlation between the distance and the position is within a predetermined tolerance, classify the living being as an authorized user, and if the correlation deviates from a certain tolerance, classify the living being as an unauthorized person.
[0037] Furthermore, it can be stipulated that after the living being is classified as an unauthorized person, an alarm can be triggered, such as an audible or silent alarm, and / or a message can be sent, such as to an authorized user, and / or vehicle components can be controlled, where further parameters can be assumed.
[0038] As long as technically feasible and not mutually contradictory, the features disclosed above can be combined as needed.
[0039] Other advantageous embodiments of the present invention are described in the dependent claims or are explained in more detail below in connection with the description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings. Among them:
[0040] Figure 1 A top view of a system for detecting unauthorized persons is shown;
[0041] Figure 2 A method for detecting unauthorized persons in the external space of a vehicle is shown, including input variables and output variables;
[0042] Figure 3 A method for detecting unauthorized persons in the external space of a vehicle is shown.
[0043] The drawings are schematic examples. The same reference numerals in the drawings represent the same functional and / or structural features.
[0044] Figure 1 A system 1 according to the present invention is shown in a top view schematic. The vehicle unit 10 of the system 1 is integrated in the vehicle 2. The authorized user 30 carries the key unit 20 of the system 1. In the case shown in the figure, the authorized user is outside the vehicle 2 but within the close range of the vehicle, within which the distance between the authorized user 30 and the vehicle unit 10 or the vehicle 2 is less than a predetermined distance limit 3, such as one meter (1 m).
[0045] Furthermore, for example, a first unauthorized person 31 is shown within the close range of the vehicle 2, and a second unauthorized person 32 is shown outside this close range, which can correspond to the long distance of the vehicle 2.
[0046] Both the first radio module 11 and the second radio module 12 of the vehicle device 10 are configured to communicate with the key unit 20. The first radio module 11 is a UWB module, while the second radio module 12 is a BLE module.
[0047] To optimize the communication with the key unit 20, the effective range of the feasible communication with the key unit 20 is set, in particular to minimize the energy requirement of the key unit 20. Preferably, the communication between the UWB module 11 and the key unit 20 is only used for distance and / or position determination, while the communication between the BLE module 12 and the key unit 20 is only used for authentication and control.
[0048] In addition to transmitting and receiving the first signal required for communication, in particular the "ranging" signal, i.e., the first signal required to determine the distance and position from the key unit 20, the UWB module 11 is configured to transmit and receive a second signal that enters the external space or the surrounding environment of the vehicle 2 as a radar pulse. Thus, by transmitting and receiving the second signal, the UWB module 11 operates as a radar sensor.
[0049] In this case, the UWB module 11 has two mutually spaced receiving channels, i.e., two mutually spaced receivers. Therefore, when the second signal previously transmitted as a radar pulse is received, the phase difference can be determined, and the direction of the received second signal can be determined. In particular, the position of the located object can be calculated by combining the distance determined, for example, by the required transmission time.
[0050] In the case of communicating with the key unit 20, the UWB module 11 can use an appropriate method (such as RTT or ToF) to determine the distance between the key unit 20 and each radio module 11, 12 or the vehicle unit 10, or to determine the coordinate origin within the area of the vehicle 2, or to determine the position of the key unit 20 relative to the UWB module 11 or the coordinate origin. This is called "ranging".
[0051] To further process the data or information that can be determined by the UWB module 11 and the BLE module 12, the system 1, more precisely the vehicle device 10, has a control module 13. The control module is connected to the UWB module 11 and the BLE module 12 by signal technology and is further configured to control one or more vehicle components 14. The vehicle components 14 can also be controlled by signals transmitted via the vehicle bus.
[0052] Since the radio modules 11 and 12 are understood as pure transmitting and receiving modules that generate raw data only by transmitting and receiving their respective signals, the control module 13 can also perform further tasks, such as determining the distance and / or determining the position from the raw data generated by the radio modules 11, 12. For the value determined by the first signal, the UWB module 11, for example, sends a distance value, while for the second signal that is a radar pulse, it sends a distance and direction value to the control module 13.
[0053] When measuring the distance, that is, when determining the distance of the key unit 20 using the first signal of the UWB module 11, the control module 13 calculates the position of the key unit 20.
[0054] If the UWB module 11 detects an object using the second signal, the control module 13 will store and analyze the position and position change of the object or the movement of the object, thereby generating a motion pattern for each object and storing it in the control module 13.
[0055] The control module 13 compares the motion pattern and, if necessary, the size of a single object with the reference patterns stored in the control module 13. These reference patterns can also be stored, for example, as mathematical functions and / or in a tolerance-loaded manner, and these reference patterns are, for example, typical patterns of the breathing movement of a living being, especially a human.
[0056] Therefore, the UWB module 11 operating as a radar sensor can detect the motion pattern, analyze it, and accordingly determine or classify whether the detected object is a living being, especially a human.
[0057] If the object is classified as a living being or a human, the control module 13 compares its position with the position of the key unit 20. If the positions match within a predetermined tolerance of, for example, 50 cm, the living being is classified as an authorized user 30. If the positions differ beyond the tolerance, the object is classified as an unauthorized person 31, 32.
[0058] If the exact positions of the key unit 20 or the living being are not known, the distance to the radio modules 11, 12 or the vehicle unit 10 can be used. If the distance of the key unit 20 is associated with the position of the object classified as a living being / human, that is, the position of the object is on a circle centered at the origin of coordinates within a predetermined tolerance, then the object is determined to be an authorized user 30. The radius of this circle corresponds here to the distance of the key unit 20 to the origin of coordinates or the radio modules 11, 12 or the vehicle unit 10. If this applies to two living beings / humans, it doesn't matter because it is obvious that one is an authorized user 30 and the other is an unauthorized person 31, 32, and appropriate measures can be taken accordingly.
[0059] Here, there is also a difference whether the authorized user 30 or unauthorized persons 31, 32 are in the immediate vicinity of the vehicle 2, for example within a distance of up to 1 m around the vehicle, or at a greater distance.
[0060] Based on the parameters or conditions determined by this method, the control module 13 can trigger various functions, such as an alarm or sending a message, or manipulate vehicle components 14, such as the headlights, horn, locking device or the mobile radio module of the vehicle 2.
[0061] In addition, the distance between the object and the vehicle 2 can be considered before classifying the object as an authorized user 30 or an unauthorized person 31, 32, because it is only necessary to classify it as an authorized user 30 or an unauthorized person 31, 32 when a living being or a person approaches the vehicle 2 or remains in the immediate vicinity of the vehicle 2 continuously.
[0062] Figure 2 The processed information and possible measures are illustrated, where one or more information (input blocks 101 to 105) can lead to one or more measures (107 to 111), depending on the algorithm or method 106.
[0063] For example, the method 106 for detecting unauthorized persons can be based on the following inputs:
[0064] 101 If a living being is detected (such as detected by the UWB module 11 and classified by the control module 13)
[0065] 102 The position of the living being (such as detected by the UWB module 11 and determined by the control module 13)
[0066] 103 The dwell time of the living being, especially the dwell time within the immediate vicinity of the vehicle 2
[0067] 104 If the vehicle unit 10 communicates with the key unit 20 (via the radio modules 11, 12)
[0068] 105 The position and / or distance of the key unit 20 (such as detected by the UWB module 11 and / or the BLE module 12 and determined by the control module 13)
[0069] For example, if the conditions or parameters set by the method 106 are met, the following outputs will be triggered based on this:
[0070] 107 Trigger an alarm
[0071] 108 Manipulate the vehicle lighting (such as staying on or flashing)
[0072] 109 Activate the camera system of the vehicle 2
[0073] 110 Manipulate the horn of the vehicle 2
[0074] 111 Send a message to the key unit 10 and / or the authorized user 30 (e.g., via mobile radio)
[0075] Here, the measures taken, i.e., the output, can be escalated according to the conditions stored in the method 106. These conditions can be, for example:
[0076] · If the position of the key unit 20 is equal to the position of the only living being, i.e., the only living being is the authorized user 30 or the authorized user 30 within the vicinity of the vehicle 2, no measures are taken.
[0077] · If only unauthorized persons 31, 32 are detected (at least in the vicinity), and they stay at a distance of less than 1 meter from the vehicle 2 (in the vicinity) for up to 10 seconds, the vehicle lighting is controlled to remain illuminated.
[0078] · If only unauthorized persons 31, 32 are detected (at least in the vicinity), and they stay at a distance of less than 1 meter from the vehicle 2 (in the vicinity) for up to 30 seconds, the vehicle lighting is controlled to flash.
[0079] · If only unauthorized persons 31, 32 are detected (at least in the vicinity), and they stay at a distance of less than 1 meter from the vehicle 2 (in the vicinity) for up to 60 seconds, the horn of the vehicle 2 is actuated.
[0080] · If only unauthorized persons 31, 32 are detected (at least in the vicinity), and they stay at a distance of less than 1 meter from the vehicle 2 (in the vicinity) for more than 60 seconds, a message is sent to the key unit 20 and / or the stored call number (e.g., the mobile phone number of the authorized user 30).
[0081] Figure 3 Taking the steps of processing information or input as an example, the method of deriving the measures (output) is shown. This method is based on a flowchart, where the order of the decision nodes depends on whether the corresponding preconditions are met (0 = precondition not met or "no"; 1 = precondition met or "yes"):
[0082] A The method starts
[0083] B Send and receive a second signal as a radar pulse via the UWB module 11, detect and record the resulting motion pattern, and classify the detected object as a living being / person (or inanimate object)
[0084] C Is a living being / person detected?
[0085] D Determine the position of the living being / person (via the control module 13)
[0086] E Determine the residence time of a living being / human within a predetermined area around vehicle 2 or when the distance from the vehicle is less than a predetermined limit value, especially within the close vicinity of vehicle 2
[0087] F Does vehicle unit 10 communicate with key unit 20 via radio modules 11, 12?
[0088] G Determine the position of key unit 20
[0089] H Is the position of key unit 20 consistent with the position of the living being / human?
[0090] J The living being / human is an authorized user 30; no further measures, optionally jump to step A
[0091] K If vehicle unit 10 does not communicate with key unit 20 via radio modules 11, 12, or the position of key unit 20 is not consistent with the position of the living being / human, then the living being is an unauthorized person 31, 32. Is the unauthorized person within a predetermined distance from vehicle 2, especially within 1 m (close vicinity), for example for a duration of or more than 10 seconds?
[0092] L Control the vehicle lighting (keep on)
[0093] M Is the unauthorized person within a predetermined distance from vehicle 2, especially within 1 m (close vicinity), for example for a duration of or more than 30 seconds?
[0094] N Control the vehicle lighting (flashing)
[0095] O Is the unauthorized person preferably within a predetermined distance from vehicle 2, especially within 1 m (close vicinity), for example for a duration of or more than 60 seconds?
[0096] P Sound the horn of vehicle 2
[0097] R Is the unauthorized person preferably within a predetermined distance from vehicle 2, especially within 1 m (close vicinity), for example for more than 60 seconds?
[0098] S Send a message to key unit 20 and / or a stored call number (such as the mobile phone number of authorized user 30)
[0099] For decision nodes K, M, O, and R, when unauthorized persons 31, 32 leave the close vicinity around vehicle 2 at least, the time record is reset and the process jumps to step A
[0100] These measures and conditions are preferably illustrative. For example, if unauthorized persons 31, 32 have not entered the close vicinity but are within another predetermined distance within a predetermined time, or are approaching the close vicinity according to a movement pattern, the vehicle lighting can be activated
Claims
1. A system (1) for detecting unauthorized persons (31, 32) in the external space of a vehicle (2), comprising a key unit (20) and a vehicle unit (10), Among them, wherein the vehicle unit (10) has at least one radio module (11, 12) configured to communicate with the key unit (20) in the external space and / or determine the position of the key unit (20) in the external space and / or determine the distance between the key unit (20) and the radio module (11, 12) in the external space, wherein at least one of the radio modules (11, 12) is a UWB module (11) configured to transmit and / or receive a first signal for communicating with the key unit (20) and / or determining the position of the key unit (20) and / or determining the distance of the key unit (20) in the external space, characterized in that the UWB module (11) is configured to transmit and / or receive a second signal as a radar pulse and detect an object in the external space by means of the radar pulse and determine its position and / or movement relative to the UWB module.
2. The system according to claim 1, Among them, wherein the UWB module (11) is configured to transmit and / or receive the first signal and / or the second signal according to the distance of the key unit (20), and / or wherein the UWB module (11) is configured to alternately transmit and / or receive the first signal and the second signal, and / or wherein the UWB module (11) is configured to transmit and / or receive the first signal in a first time interval and transmit and / or receive the second signal in a second time interval, and the second time intervals are respectively located between two first time intervals.
3. The system according to claim 1 or 2, Among them, wherein the UWB module (11) is configured to transmit and / or receive the second signal as a radar pulse having a predetermined correlation pattern for detecting a living being as an object.
4. The system according to any one of the preceding claims, Among them, wherein the vehicle unit (10) has at least two radio modules (11, 12), wherein at least one of the radio modules (11, 12) is a BLE module (12) configured to communicate with the key unit (20) and / or determine the position of the key unit (20) and / or determine the distance between the key unit (20) and the radio module (11, 12).
5. The system according to any one of the preceding claims, Among them, wherein the UWB module (11) has at least two receiving channels and is configured to determine the direction of the detected object according to the phase difference between the second signals received by the two receiving channels.
6. The system according to any one of the preceding claims, Among them, The vehicle unit (10) has a control module (13) which is connected in a signal-technical manner to the at least one radio module (11, 12) and is configured to determine whether a detected object is a living being based on changes in the position and / or movement of the object detected in the external space.
7. The system according to the preceding claim, Among them, wherein the control module (13) is configured to compare the position and / or distance of the key unit (20) with the position of the object identified as a living being, and to identify the object as an authorized user (30) if the positions coincide and / or if the distance is related to the position within a predetermined tolerance, and / or to identify the object as an unauthorized person (31, 32) if the positions deviate from each other and / or if the correlation between the distance and the position deviates from the predetermined tolerance.
8. The system according to the preceding claim, Among them, wherein the control module (13) is configured to trigger an alarm and / or send a message and / or manipulate a vehicle component (14) in the following cases: when the vehicle (2) is locked and / or not moving, and / or when no authorized user (30) is identified or an authorized user (30) is identified within a predetermined long distance of the vehicle, and / or when at least one unauthorized person (31, 32) is identified or at least one unauthorized person (31, 32) is identified within a predetermined short distance of the vehicle, and / or when at least one unauthorized person (31, 32) is identified within a predetermined time.
9. A method for detecting unauthorized persons (31, 32) in the external space of a vehicle (2) by means of a system (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising the following steps: a. determining the position and / or distance of the key unit (20) from the at least one radio module (11, 12); b. detecting objects by transmitting and / or receiving radar pulses using the UWB module (11) and determining the position and / or movement of the objects by the UWB module (11); c. classifying the objects as living beings and inanimate objects; d. comparing the position and / or distance of the key unit with the position of the object classified as a living being, wherein the living being is classified as an authorized user (30) if the positions coincide and / or if the correlation between the distance and the position is within a predetermined tolerance, and the living being is classified as an unauthorized person (31, 32) if the correlation deviates from a certain tolerance.
10. The method according to the preceding claim, Among them, after the living being is classified as an unauthorized person (31, 32), triggering an alarm and / or sending a message and / or manipulating a vehicle component (14).