Spatial position precision control method based on horizontal machining center

Abstract

The invention relates to a spatial position precision control method based on a horizontal machining center, which comprises the following steps of: establishing an initial coordinate system by taking the rotation center of a workbench of the horizontal machining center as a coordinate zero point and the moving direction of a stand column as an X axis, and recording the coordinate zero point as X0; the reference point of the machined part is measured by the micrometer meter, the X-direction coordinate value of the reference point is recorded as X1, and the dial plate of the side micrometer meter is adjusted to the zero position; the workbench rotates by a certain angle, then the reference point is measured again at the same horizontal height by the micrometer, the stand column is moved until the pointer of the micrometer returns to zero, and the X-direction coordinate value of the reference point is recorded as X2; and calculating the axis center coordinate of the reference excircle or the reference hole on the workpiece according to the measured value. According to the spatial position precision control method provided by the invention, the axis coordinate can be directly obtained according to the reference outer circle or the hole, so that the part alignment precision can be improved while accumulative errors caused by multiple measurements are avoided, and the efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of machine tool precision control, and particularly relates to a method for controlling the spatial position precision based on a horizontal machining center. Background Art

[0002] In many mechanical devices, the manufacturing precision of the intersecting shaft holes of parts has a direct impact on the performance of the device. Especially in the transmission mechanism, the positional accuracy of the intersecting shaft holes is directly related to the transmission precision, efficiency, and noise of the mechanism. In the field of machine tools, the intersecting shaft hole transmission mechanism in the accessory milling head is widely used and is a relatively typical transmission structure.

[0003] The intersecting shaft holes of the conventional structure milling head body can be machined in one clamping state, which can effectively ensure the positional accuracy of the intersecting axes. Due to the special shape of the special-shaped milling head body of the universal milling head (see the attached drawing Figure 2 ), its intersecting shaft holes cannot be machined in one clamping. After machining one direction of the shaft hole, the part needs to be placed upside down on the workbench, re-clamped and aligned, and then the intersecting shaft hole is machined. Therefore, there is a problem of accurately calculating the horizontal center coordinates of the machined axis after re-clamping.

[0004] The commonly used operation method is to establish a process reference on the workbench and perform coordinate transformation through the process reference. During actual operation, first measure the diameter of the machined reference outer circle, and then measure the horizontal distance between the reference outer circle and the process reference, so as to calculate the distance from the process reference to the horizontal center of the machined shaft hole of the part. When machining the other shaft hole, align the tool with the process reference plane and run the coordinates to the position of the shaft hole to be machined according to the calculated distance.

[0005] During the operation of this method, there are measurement errors in both the measurement of the outer circle diameter and the transition reference. The accumulation of errors is very likely to exceed the allowable tolerance range. Especially for high-precision parts, it will directly lead to out-of-tolerance accuracy. And this method takes a long time and has low efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the above problems, a method for controlling the spatial position precision based on a horizontal machining center is provided, aiming to improve the calculation accuracy and the alignment machining efficiency.

[0007] The specific technical solution is as follows: A method for controlling the spatial position precision based on a horizontal machining center includes: Taking the rotation center of the workbench of the horizontal machining center as the coordinate zero point and the moving direction of the column as the X axis to establish an initial coordinate system, and recording the coordinate zero point as X0; Measuring the reference point of the workpiece with a micrometer, recording the X-direction coordinate value of the reference point as X1, and adjusting the micrometer dial to the zero position; The workbench rotates by a certain angle, and then the micrometer is used to measure the reference point again at the same horizontal height. The column is moved until the pointer of the micrometer returns to zero, and the X-direction coordinate value of the reference point is recorded as X2; Calculate the axis center coordinates of the reference outer circle or reference hole on the workpiece according to the measured values.

[0008] Furthermore, the reference point is the highest point of the machined reference outer circle on the workpiece.

[0009] Furthermore, the reference point is the lowest point of the machined reference hole on the workpiece.

[0010] Furthermore, during measurement, the micrometer is adsorbed on the spindle of the horizontal machining center for measurement.

[0011] Furthermore, during measurement, the micrometer is adsorbed on the spindle through a magnetic base for measurement.

[0012] Furthermore, the micrometer is a dial indicator.

[0013] Furthermore, the calculation formula for the axis center coordinates is X = X0 + (X1 - X2) / 2.

[0014] Furthermore, in the initial coordinate system, the moving direction of the spindle is the Y-axis.

[0015] Furthermore, in the initial coordinate system, the moving direction of the workbench is the Z-axis.

[0016] Furthermore, the rotation angle of the workbench is 180°.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the above solution are: The spatial position accuracy control method provided by the present invention can directly obtain the axis coordinates according to the reference axis or hole, avoiding the cumulative error of multiple measurements and improving the part alignment accuracy, thereby improving the efficiency. Description of the Drawings

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the axis system of a horizontal machining center; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the milling head body and the machining accuracy requirements; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ram panel of a certain machine tool and the machining accuracy requirements.

[0019] Among them: 1. Horizontal machining center; 2. Column; 3. Spindle; 4. Workbench. Specific Embodiments

[0020] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments in the present invention and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.

[0022] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but it is not limited to the present invention.

[0023] As Figures 1 to 3 , the spatial position accuracy control method based on a horizontal machining center provided in the embodiments of the present invention includes: An initial coordinate system is established with the rotation center of the worktable 4 of the horizontal machining center 1 as the coordinate zero point, the moving direction of the column 2 as the X-axis, the moving direction of the spindle 3 as the Y-axis, and the moving direction of the worktable 4 as the Z-axis, and the coordinate zero point is denoted as X0; The dial indicator is fixed on the spindle 3 of the horizontal machining center 1 through a magnetic base, and the highest point of the reference outer circle or the lowest point of the reference hole on the workpiece is measured by the dial indicator, and the X-direction coordinate value of the reference point is denoted as X1; The worktable rotates 180°, and then the dial indicator (the dial indicator has been reset to zero) measures the highest point of the reference axis or the lowest point of the reference hole on the workpiece again at the same horizontal height, and the column is moved until the micrometer pointer returns to zero, and the X-direction coordinate value of the reference point is denoted as X2; The axis center coordinate X of the reference outer circle or the reference hole on the workpiece is calculated according to the measured values, X = X0 + (X1 - X2) / 2.

[0024] Embodiment 1 This embodiment takes the measurement of the reference outer circle on the workpiece by a dial indicator as an example. There are two perpendicular and intersecting shaft holes (see Figure 2 center dash line) on the accessory milling head body of a certain type of gantry milling machine, and the position tolerance of the intersection of the two axis lines is required to be 0.02 mm. When machining the shaft hole by the conventional alignment method, the alignment time is long, and the position tolerance of the intersecting axis of the machining frequently exceeds the tolerance, which cannot meet the requirements of the drawing. After using the operation method of the present invention, the alignment efficiency and the machining accuracy of the parts are significantly improved. Specifically as follows:

[0025] As can be seen from the above table: 1) Using the method provided by the present invention significantly improves the alignment efficiency. Compared with the conventional method, the method provided by the present invention has high alignment accuracy and is simple and easy to operate; 2) After processing using the method provided by the present invention, the intersection position degree of the axis lines of the intersecting shaft holes of the part meets the requirements of the drawing, effectively ensuring the machining accuracy of the part.

[0026] Example 2 This example takes the measurement of the reference hole on the workpiece by a dial indicator as an example. The panel installed on the ram end face of a certain type of machine tool (see Figure 3 ) is a square structure, with a positioning hole A in the middle. There are two positioning keyways on both sides of the square. The two keyways are required to be symmetric with the axis of the positioning hole A by 0.02 mm. When machining with the conventional alignment method, it is necessary to determine the center coordinates by measuring the distance from the hole wall of the positioning hole to the side of the square and combining the diameter dimension of the positioning hole. Due to the reasons of manual measurement error and error accumulation, it is difficult to ensure the symmetry of the two keyways. After using the operation method of the present invention, the alignment efficiency and the machining accuracy of the keyways are significantly improved, as follows:

[0027] As can be seen from the above table: 1) Using the method provided by the present invention significantly improves the alignment efficiency and alignment accuracy, and it is simple and easy to operate; 2) After processing using the method provided by the present invention, the symmetry of the keyway of the part with the axis of the positioning hole reaches the requirements of the drawing, effectively ensuring the machining accuracy of the part.

[0028] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the implementation manners and protection scope of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, it should be realized that all the equivalent replacements and obvious changes made by using the description and illustrations of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for controlling the spatial position accuracy based on a horizontal machining center, characterized in that Including: An initial coordinate system is established with the rotation center of the worktable of the horizontal machining center as the coordinate zero point and the moving direction of the column as the X-axis, and the coordinate zero point is denoted as X0; The reference point of the workpiece is measured with a micrometer, and the X-direction coordinate value of the reference point is denoted as X1. The dial of the micrometer is adjusted to the zero position; The worktable rotates by a certain angle, and then the reference point is measured again with the micrometer at the same horizontal height. The column is moved until the pointer of the micrometer returns to zero, and the X-direction coordinate value of the reference point is denoted as X2; Calculate the axis center coordinate of the reference outer circle or reference hole on the workpiece according to the measured value.

2. The spatial position accuracy control method based on a horizontal machining center according to claim 1, wherein The reference point is the highest point of the machined reference outer circle on the workpiece.

3. The spatial position accuracy control method based on a horizontal machining center according to claim 1, wherein The reference point is the lowest point of the machined reference hole on the workpiece.

4. The spatial position accuracy control method based on a horizontal machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that, During measurement, the micrometer is adsorbed on the spindle of the horizontal machining center for measurement.

5. The spatial position accuracy control method based on a horizontal machining center according to claim 4, characterized in that During measurement, the micrometer is adsorbed on the spindle through a magnetic base for measurement.

6. The spatial position accuracy control method based on a horizontal machining center according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that The micrometer is a dial indicator.

7. The spatial position accuracy control method based on a horizontal machining center according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that The calculation formula for the axis center coordinate is X = X0 + (X1 - X2) / 2.

8. The spatial position accuracy control method based on a horizontal machining center according to claim 7, characterized in that, In the initial coordinate system, the moving direction of the spindle is the Y-axis.

9. The spatial position accuracy control method based on a horizontal machining center according to claim 7, characterized in that In the initial coordinate system, the moving direction of the worktable is the Z-axis.

10. The spatial position accuracy control method based on a horizontal machining center according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The rotation angle of the worktable is 180°.

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