Lard oil refining process

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of lard oil refining, in particular to a lard oil refining process which comprises the steps of raw material treatment, low-temperature extraction, evaporation separation, membrane separation degumming, supercritical fluid extraction deacidification, ion exchange resin decoloration and molecular distillation deodorization, and deodorized grease is refined lard oil. The method has the advantages of improving the lard oil refining quality and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of lard refining, and specifically to a lard refining process. Background Art

[0002] In the current field of factory lard refining, many technical problems seriously restrict the development of the industry and the improvement of product quality. Conventional degumming methods, such as simple hydration degumming, can only remove some larger colloidal impurities, and it is difficult to effectively intercept tiny phospholipid particles and other impurities. As a result, substances that affect transparency and stability still exist in the final product, reducing the purity of the product. During the alkalization deacidification process, it is difficult to accurately control the dosage of the lye and the reaction conditions. If too much lye is used, saponification loss of neutral oil will occur, which not only reduces the product yield but also introduces more impurities, affecting the product purity. If too little lye is used, free fatty acids cannot be completely removed, resulting in a high acid value of the oil and affecting the flavor and shelf life of the product. In terms of decolorization, traditional adsorption decolorization methods, such as using activated clay, have limited adsorption capacity and are difficult to deeply remove stubborn pigments in the oil, making the product color not pure enough. In the deodorization process, the traditional process removes fatty acids and odor components by heating them to enter the deodorization tower from the top, and it is difficult to completely remove odor substances, and the product may have residual bad odors. In summary, it is urgent to develop a high-quality lard refining process. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the present invention provides a lard refining process, aiming to solve the problem of low quality in lard refining in the prior art.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is realized through the following technical solutions: A lard refining process includes, Step S1, raw material treatment: After washing the materials, use a cutting device to cut the materials. Step S2, low-temperature extraction: Place the cut materials in an extraction device, add a food-grade extraction solvent, and under low-temperature conditions of 40 - 60 °C, make the extraction solvent blend with the materials through stirring, and the oil is extracted into the solvent to form a mixed oil. Step S3, evaporation separation: Feed the mixed oil into an evaporator, evaporate the solvent by heating and separate it from the oil. The evaporated solvent can be recycled after cooling, and the remaining oil is crude lard. Step S4, membrane separation degumming: Send the crude lard to a membrane separation device, use an ultrafiltration membrane to separate the crude lard, intercept the impurities, and allow the oil molecules to pass through the membrane. Step S5, supercritical fluid extraction deacidification: Send the degummed oil to a supercritical extraction kettle, use supercritical fluid to dissolve the free fatty acids in the oil, and extract the free fatty acids from the oil under supercritical conditions. Step S6, decolorization with ion exchange resin: Send the degreased oil to an ion exchange column, and use the ion exchange resin to adsorb pigments and other charged impurities in the oil. Step S7, molecular distillation deodorization: Send the decolorized oil to a distiller, and make the odor substances in the oil volatilize at a temperature lower than their boiling points and separate from the oil. The oil after deodorization is refined lard.

[0005] A further improvement of the present invention lies in that the cutting device in the step S1 includes a conveying assembly, on which a longitudinal cutting assembly and a transverse cutting assembly are arranged in sequence along the material advancing direction, and pressing assemblies are arranged at both the front and rear ends of the longitudinal cutting assembly.

[0006] A further improvement of the present invention lies in that the longitudinal cutting assembly includes: A first moving rod, horizontally arranged on the conveying assembly, and the first moving rod horizontally reciprocates under the drive of a first cylinder, and the moving direction of the first moving rod is perpendicular to the material advancing direction; A plurality of first connecting rods, the upper ends of which are respectively hinged to the first moving rod; A plurality of second connecting rods, corresponding to and perpendicular to the plurality of first connecting rods, and the first end of each second connecting rod is fixedly connected to the lower end of the corresponding first connecting rod; A plurality of hinge plates, corresponding to the plurality of second connecting rods one by one, and fixedly arranged on a first support plate horizontally arranged between the first supports. The first end of each second connecting rod is hinged to the corresponding hinge plate at the fixed connection with the lower end of the corresponding first connecting rod.

[0007] A plurality of first lifting shafts, corresponding to the plurality of second connecting rods one by one. The upper end of each first lifting shaft is slidably connected to the first support plate and then penetrates through it, and is hinged to the second end of the corresponding second connecting rod; A plurality of longitudinal cutting knives, corresponding to the plurality of first lifting shafts one by one. Each longitudinal cutting knife is connected to the corresponding first lifting shaft through a first quick-release component, and the length direction of the longitudinal cutting knife is parallel to the material advancing direction.

[0008] A further improvement of the present invention lies in that the first quick-release component includes: A first connecting cylinder, vertically arranged below the first lifting shaft, and the upper end of the first connecting cylinder is fixedly connected to the lower end of the first lifting shaft; A first clamping column, the lower end of which is fixedly connected to the longitudinal cutting knife, and a first fixing column is fixedly arranged at the upper end. The diameter of the first fixing column is smaller than the diameter of the first clamping column. The first fixing column extends out of or extends into the first connecting cylinder through the opening at the bottom of the first connecting cylinder. A semi-circular clamping cap is fixedly arranged at the top of the first fixing column, and a telescopic abutting block is arranged in the first connecting cylinder above the semi-circular clamping cap; The loosening block is slidably arranged on the first fixing column. The upper part of the loosening block is a first cone, the constricted end of the first cone is the upper surface, a second cone symmetrical to the first cone is fixedly arranged at the lower part of the loosening block, and a conical groove adapted to the first cone is arranged at the lower end of the semi-circular capping. The clamping block is telescopically arranged at one side of the lower end of the semi-circular capping, and the first end of the clamping block is adapted to the outer surface of the first cone.

[0009] A further improvement of the present invention is that a first spring is fixedly arranged between the upper end of the abutting block and the top of the first connecting cylinder. A lifting block is fixedly arranged on the side surface of the abutting block. The lifting block is slidably connected with and penetrates through a sliding groove arranged along the axial direction of the first connecting cylinder. An elevating cylinder is screwed outside the first connecting cylinder above the lifting block.

[0010] A further improvement of the present invention is that the clamping block is arranged in a groove on one side of the first connecting cylinder. A first channel and a second channel are arranged in the groove from outside to inside. The second end of the first channel is communicated with the second channel. The first channel is adapted to the second end of the clamping block. A blocking block adapted to it is slidably arranged in the second channel. The first end of the blocking block is fixedly connected with the second end of the clamping block. A second spring is fixedly arranged between the second end of the blocking block and the second end of the second channel.

[0011] A further improvement of the present invention is that a sliding shaft is vertically fixedly arranged at the top of the first connecting cylinder. After the lower end of the sliding shaft is slidably connected with and penetrates through the abutting block, a guiding groove is fixedly arranged along the axial direction of the sliding shaft. A sliding groove adapted to the sliding shaft is arranged at the top of the semi-circular capping, and a guiding key adapted to the guiding groove is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the sliding groove.

[0012] A further improvement of the present invention is that the pressing assembly includes: A pressing frame is arranged in a second bracket above the conveying assembly. A pressing roller is horizontally and rotatably arranged below the pressing frame. The axial direction of the pressing roller is perpendicular to the advancing direction of the material. Both sides of the pressing frame are slidably connected with both sides of the second bracket. A first optical axis, its lower end is connected with the upper end of the pressing frame. The upper end of the first optical axis penetrates through the top of the second bracket. A third spring is fixedly arranged on the first optical axis between the top of the second bracket and the pressing frame. A boss is screwed on the first optical axis above the second bracket.

[0013] A further improvement of the present invention is that the cross-cutting assembly includes: A second lifting shaft, its upper end is slidably connected with and penetrates through a second support plate on the conveying assembly. The second lifting shaft is lifted and lowered under the drive of a second air cylinder. The cross-cutting knife is horizontally arranged above the conveying assembly. The cross-cutting knife is connected to the lower end of the second lifting shaft of the second quick-release assembly, and the cross-cutting knife is perpendicular to the longitudinal cutting knife.

[0014] A further improvement of the present invention lies in that the conveying assembly includes two support frames arranged in parallel, with a rotatable conveyor belt disposed therein. A support plate is fixedly provided between the two support frames opposite to the longitudinal cutting assembly, the cross-cutting assembly, and the pressing assembly, and the upper surface of the support plate is in contact with the inner surface of the upper half of the conveyor belt.

[0015] Due to the adoption of the above technical solutions, the technical progress achieved by the present invention is: The present invention provides a lard refining process. Through raw material treatment, the materials can be cleaned and cut into pieces, facilitating subsequent processes; Through low-temperature extraction, under the low-temperature condition of 40 - 60 °C, by stirring, the extraction solvent is fused with the materials, and the oil is extracted into the solvent to form a mixed oil, which can effectively avoid the destruction of the molecular structure of the oil by high temperature, reduce the oxidation and decomposition of heat-sensitive components, and retain the nutritional components and natural flavor of the oil to the greatest extent; Through evaporation separation, the mixed oil is sent into an evaporator, and the solvent is evaporated and separated from the oil by heating. The evaporated solvent can be recycled after cooling. The remaining oil is crude lard. This step of evaporation separation can recover the solvent. By heating the evaporator, the solvent in the mixed oil is evaporated, and the evaporated solvent can be efficiently recovered and recycled after cooling. This measure significantly reduces the procurement cost of the solvent, reduces the environmental pollution caused by solvent waste, and conforms to the current concept of green production and sustainable development; Through membrane separation for degumming, these tiny impurities can be accurately intercepted, greatly improving the thoroughness of degumming, significantly enhancing the transparency and stability of the product, and increasing the product purity; Through supercritical fluid extraction for deacidification, the free fatty acids in the oil can be accurately dissolved and extracted. By precisely controlling the supercritical conditions (such as temperature, pressure, etc.), the deacidification process can be accurately regulated to ensure that the free fatty acids in the oil are efficiently and thoroughly removed, thereby effectively reducing the acid value of the oil, significantly enhancing the flavor and shelf life of the oil, and providing a strong guarantee for the production of high-quality lard; Through ion exchange resin decolorization, through the synergistic effect of ion exchange and adsorption, various pigments in the oil can be more efficiently adsorbed. The ion exchange resin can effectively reduce the content of such pigments in the oil by virtue of its precise ion exchange mechanism, making the lard present a lighter and purer color, meeting the strict requirements of the high-end market for the product appearance; Through molecular distillation deodorization, based on the difference in the average free path of molecular motion, it can more precisely separate odor substances, greatly improve the flavor of refined lard, and better meet the requirements of the high-end market.

[0016] In summary, compared with the prior art, it can effectively improve the quality of the lard refining process.

[0017] The present invention provides a lard refining process. By driving the first moving rod to move horizontally through the first cylinder, the first moving rod can drive multiple first connecting rods to swing synchronously. Multiple first connecting rods drive multiple second connecting rods to swing, and multiple second connecting rods drive multiple first lifting shafts to lift and lower. Multiple first lifting shafts drive multiple longitudinal cutting knives to longitudinally cut the material, which can effectively enable multiple longitudinal cutting knives to perform cutting operations simultaneously.

[0018] The present invention provides a lard refining process. Through the first quick-release component and the second quick-release component, the longitudinal cutting knife and the transverse cutting knife can be quickly disassembled, and the longitudinal cutting knife and the transverse cutting knife can be replaced or repaired more quickly.

[0019] The present invention provides a lard refining process. Through the pressing component, the material can be pressed, enabling the material to be arranged more closely and orderly when being cut by the longitudinal cutting knife and the transverse cutting knife, reducing the cutting size deviation caused by the skew of the material. The material with uniform size can be more fully and evenly mixed with the extraction solvent, improving the extraction effect.

[0020] The present invention provides a lard refining process. Through the support plate opposite to the longitudinal cutting, transverse cutting, and pressing components, the upper surface of which contacts the inner surface of the upper half of the conveyor belt, it provides a solid support for the material. When the material is pressed and cut, the support plate can prevent the conveyor belt from sagging due to the force, ensuring that the material maintains a stable posture during cutting. This helps the longitudinal cutting knife and the transverse cutting knife to cut the material more precisely and improve the cutting quality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the lard refining process described in the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal cutting component of the lard refining process described in the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the first quick-release component of the lard refining process described in the present invention; Figure 4Schematic diagram of the cap disengaging from the first connecting cylinder in the lard refining process of the present invention; Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the pressing assembly in the lard refining process of the present invention; Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the cross-cutting assembly in the lard refining process of the present invention.

[0023] Explanation of reference numerals: 10 - longitudinal cutting assembly, 11 - first moving rod, 111 - first cylinder, 12 - first connecting rod, 121 - second connecting rod, 13 - first bracket, 131 - first support plate, 132 - hinge plate, 14 - longitudinal cutting knife, 15 - first lifting shaft, 20 - first quick-release assembly, 21 - first connecting cylinder, 211 - groove, 212 - first channel, 213 - second channel, 22 - first clamping post, 23 - first fixing post, 24 - cap, 25 - abutting block, 251 - first spring, 252 - lifting block, 253 - lifting cylinder, 254 - sliding groove, 26 - release block, 261 - first cone, 262 - second cone, 27 - clamping block, 271 - stop block, 272 - second spring, 28 - sliding shaft, 281 - guiding groove, 30 - pressing assembly, 31 - pressing frame, 32 - second bracket, 33 - pressing roller, 34 - first optical axis, 35 - third spring, 36 - boss, 40 - cross-cutting assembly, 41 - second lifting shaft, 411 - second cylinder, 42 - second support plate, 43 - cross-cutting knife, 44 - second quick-release assembly, 50 - conveying assembly, 51 - support frame, 52 - conveyor belt, 53 - support plate. Detailed implementation manners

[0024] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, in the following description, specific details such as specific system structures and technologies are proposed for the purpose of illustration rather than limitation, so as to thoroughly understand the embodiments of the present invention. However, those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention can also be implemented in other embodiments without these specific details. In other cases, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, devices, circuits, and methods are omitted to avoid unnecessary details from interfering with the description of the present invention.

[0025] A lard refining process mainly includes the following parts or components: raw material treatment, low-temperature extraction, evaporation separation, membrane separation for degumming, supercritical fluid extraction for deacidification, ion exchange resin decolorization, and molecular distillation deodorization.

[0026] In the present invention, in step S1, for raw material treatment, after washing the materials, a cutting device is used to cut the materials; Step S2: Low-temperature extraction. The cut materials are placed in an extraction device, and an edible extraction solvent is added. Under low-temperature conditions of 40 - 60°C, the extraction solvent is mixed with the materials through stirring, and the oil is extracted into the solvent to form mixed oil. Step S3: Evaporation separation. The mixed oil is fed into an evaporator, and the solvent is evaporated and separated from the oil by heating. The evaporated solvent can be recycled after cooling recovery, and the remaining oil is crude lard. Step S4: Membrane separation for degumming. The crude lard is sent to a membrane separation device, and ultrafiltration membranes are used to separate the crude lard, intercepting impurities while allowing oil molecules to pass through the membrane. Step S5: Supercritical fluid extraction for deacidification. The degummed oil is sent into a supercritical extraction kettle, and supercritical fluid is used to dissolve the free fatty acids in the oil, and the free fatty acids are extracted from the oil under supercritical conditions. Step S6: Ion exchange resin decolorization. The deacidified oil is sent into an ion exchange column, and ion exchange resin is used to adsorb pigments and other charged impurities in the oil. Step S7: Molecular distillation deodorization. The decolorized oil is sent into a distiller, and the odor substances in the oil are volatilized and separated from the oil at a temperature below their boiling points. The deodorized oil is refined lard.

[0027] Through raw material treatment, the materials can be cleaned and cut, facilitating subsequent processes. Through low-temperature extraction, under low-temperature conditions of 40 - 60°C, the extraction solvent is mixed with the materials through stirring, and the oil is extracted into the solvent to form mixed oil, which can effectively avoid the destruction of the oil molecular structure by high temperature, reduce the oxidation and decomposition of heat-sensitive components, and retain the nutritional components and natural flavor of the oil to the greatest extent. Through evaporation separation, the mixed oil is fed into an evaporator, and the solvent is evaporated and separated from the oil by heating. The evaporated solvent can be recycled after cooling recovery, and the remaining oil is crude lard. This step of evaporation separation can recover the solvent. By heating the evaporator, the solvent in the mixed oil is evaporated, and the evaporated solvent can be efficiently recovered and recycled after cooling. This measure significantly reduces the procurement cost of the solvent and reduces the environmental pollution caused by solvent waste, meeting the current concept of green production and sustainable development. Through membrane separation for degumming, these tiny impurities can be accurately intercepted, greatly improving the thoroughness of degumming, significantly enhancing the transparency and stability of the product, and increasing the product purity. By using supercritical fluid extraction for deacidification, the free fatty acids in the oil can be accurately dissolved and extracted. By precisely controlling the supercritical conditions (such as temperature, pressure, etc.), the deacidification process can be precisely regulated to ensure that the free fatty acids in the oil are efficiently and thoroughly removed, thereby effectively reducing the acid value of the oil, significantly enhancing the flavor and shelf life of the oil, and providing strong guarantee for the production of high-quality lard; By using ion exchange resin for decolorization, through the synergistic effect of ion exchange and adsorption, various pigments in the oil can be more efficiently adsorbed. The ion exchange resin can effectively reduce the content of such pigments in the oil by virtue of its precise ion exchange mechanism, making the lard present a lighter and purer color, meeting the strict requirements of the high-end market for the product appearance; By using molecular distillation for deodorization, based on the difference in the average free path of molecular motion, the odor substances can be more precisely separated, greatly improving the flavor of refined lard and better meeting the requirements of the high-end market.

[0028] In summary, the quality of the lard refining process can be effectively improved.

[0029] Specifically, the extraction solvent in the low-temperature extraction is n-hexane.

[0030] Specifically, the supercritical fluid is carbon dioxide.

[0031] The extraction equipment, evaporator, membrane separation equipment, supercritical extraction kettle, ion exchange column, and distiller used above are all existing equipment, so they will not be elaborated too much.

[0032] Specifically, in step S1, raw material treatment: select fresh pork fat, rinse the surface impurities with clean water, and use a cutting device to cut it into small pieces with a side length of about 2 cm.

[0033] In step S2, low-temperature extraction: put the cut pork fat into the extraction equipment, add food-grade n-hexane as the extraction solvent, with a material-liquid ratio of 1:3 (g / mL), stir at a speed of 200 r / min at a temperature of 50 °C for 1 h to make the extraction solvent fully blend with the material, and the oil is extracted into the solvent to form a mixed oil.

[0034] In step S3, evaporation separation: send the mixed oil to the evaporator, heat it at 70 °C to evaporate the n-hexane and separate it from the oil. The evaporated n-hexane can be recycled after cooling, and the remaining oil is crude lard.

[0035] In step S4, membrane separation for degumming: send the crude lard to the membrane separation equipment, use an ultrafiltration membrane with a molecular weight cut-off of 10000 Da, and separate it under a pressure of 0.2 MPa to intercept the impurities while allowing the oil molecules to pass through the membrane to complete the degumming process.

[0036] Step S5, supercritical fluid extraction for deacidification: Send the degummed oil to the supercritical extraction kettle, use carbon dioxide as the supercritical fluid, with an extraction pressure of 20 MPa, an extraction temperature of 40 °C, and an extraction time of 1.5 h to extract the free fatty acids from the oil.

[0037] Step S6, ion exchange resin decolorization: Send the deacidified oil to the ion exchange column, use strong acidic cation exchange resin, with the resin dosage being 5% of the oil mass, stir and adsorb at 50 °C for 1 h to adsorb the pigments and other charged impurities in the oil.

[0038] Step S7, molecular distillation deodorization: Send the decolorized oil to the molecular distiller, under a high vacuum of 0.1 Pa, with a distillation temperature of 120 °C, to volatilize the odor substances in the oil and separate them from the oil to obtain refined lard. After testing, the acid value, peroxide value and other indicators of this refined lard meet the national standards, with clear color and no peculiar smell.

[0039] As an embodiment, according to the appended Figure 1 to the appended Figure 6 It can be seen that the cutting device in step S1 includes a conveying component 50, on which a longitudinal cutting component 10 and a transverse cutting component 40 are arranged in sequence along the material advancing direction, and pressing components 30 are arranged at both the front and rear ends of the longitudinal cutting component 10. The material can be cut more evenly.

[0040] In this embodiment, according to the appended Figure 2 It can be seen that the longitudinal cutting component 10 includes a first moving rod 11 horizontally arranged on the conveying component 50. The first moving rod 11 moves horizontally back and forth under the drive of a first cylinder 111, and the moving direction of the first moving rod 11 is perpendicular to the material advancing direction; the upper ends of a plurality of first connecting rods 12 are respectively hinged to the first moving rod 11; a plurality of second connecting rods 121 correspond to and are perpendicular to the plurality of first connecting rods 12, and the first end of each second connecting rod 121 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the corresponding first connecting rod 12; a plurality of hinge plates 132 correspond to the plurality of second connecting rods 121 and are fixedly arranged on the first support plates 131 horizontally arranged between the first brackets 13. The first end of each second connecting rod 121 is hinged to the corresponding hinge plate 132 at the fixed connection with the lower end of the corresponding first connecting rod 12. A plurality of first lifting shafts 15 correspond to the plurality of second connecting rods 121. The upper end of each first lifting shaft 15 is slidably connected to the first support plate 131 and penetrates through it, and then is hinged to the second end of the corresponding second connecting rod 121; a plurality of longitudinal cutting knives 14 correspond to the plurality of first lifting shafts 15. Each longitudinal cutting knife 14 is connected to the corresponding first lifting shaft 15 through a first quick-release component 20, and the length direction of the longitudinal cutting knife 14 is parallel to the material advancing direction.

[0041] Driven by the first cylinder 111, the first moving rod 11 moves horizontally, enabling the first moving rod 11 to drive multiple first connecting rods 12 to swing synchronously. The multiple first connecting rods 12 drive multiple second connecting rods 121 to swing, and the multiple second connecting rods 121 drive multiple first lifting shafts 15 to move up and down. The multiple first lifting shafts 15 drive multiple longitudinal cutting knives 14 to longitudinally cut the material through multiple first quick-release components 20, which can effectively enable the multiple longitudinal cutting knives 14 to perform cutting operations simultaneously, improving work efficiency.

[0042] In this embodiment, according to the appended drawings of the specification Figure 2 to Figure 4 it can be seen that the first quick-release component 20 includes a first connecting cylinder 21, which is vertically arranged below the first lifting shaft 15. The upper end of the first connecting cylinder 21 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the first lifting shaft 15; the lower end of the first clamping column 22 is fixedly connected to the longitudinal cutting knife 14, and the upper end is fixedly provided with a first fixing column 23. The diameter of the first fixing column 23 is smaller than that of the first clamping column 22. The first fixing column 23 extends out of or into the first connecting cylinder 21 through the opening at the bottom of the first connecting cylinder 21. A semi-circular clamping cap 24 is fixedly provided at the top of the first fixing column 23, and a telescopic abutting block 25 is arranged in the first connecting cylinder 21 above the semi-circular clamping cap 24; a release block 26 slides on the first fixing column 23. The upper part of the release block 26 is a first cone 261, and the constricted end of the first cone 261 is the upper surface. A second cone 262 symmetrical to the first cone 261 is fixedly provided at the lower part of the release block 26. A conical groove adapted to the first cone 261 is arranged at the lower end of the semi-circular clamping cap 24; a clamping block 27 is telescopically arranged at one side of the lower end of the semi-circular clamping cap 24, and the first end of the clamping block 27 is adapted to the outer surface of the first cone 261.

[0043] A first spring 251 is fixedly provided between the upper end of the abutting block 25 and the top of the first connecting cylinder 21. A lifting block 252 is fixedly provided on the side surface of the abutting block 25. The lifting block 252 is slidably connected to and penetrates through a chute 254 provided along the axial direction of the first connecting cylinder 21. An elevating cylinder 253 is screwed outside the first connecting cylinder 21 above the lifting block 252. A clamping block 27 is arranged in a groove 211 on one side of the first connecting cylinder 21. A first channel 212 and a second channel 213 are arranged in the groove 211 from outside to inside. The second end of the first channel 212 is communicated with the second channel 213. The first channel 212 is adapted to the second end of the clamping block 27. A blocking block 271 adapted thereto is slidably arranged in the second channel 213. The first end of the blocking block 271 is fixedly connected to the second end of the clamping block 27. A second spring 272 is fixedly provided between the second end of the blocking block 271 and the second end of the second channel 213. A sliding shaft 28 is vertically fixedly provided at the top of the first connecting cylinder 21. After the lower end of the sliding shaft 28 is slidably connected to and penetrates through the abutting block 25, a guiding groove 281 is fixedly arranged along the axial direction of the sliding shaft 28. A sliding groove (not shown in the figure) adapted to the sliding shaft 28 is arranged at the top of the semi-circular clamping cap 24. A guiding key (not shown in the figure) adapted to the guiding groove 281 is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the sliding groove.

[0044] When installing the longitudinal cutting knife 14, the longitudinal cutting knife 14 is installed through the first clamping column 22. At this time, the first fixing column 23 (with a semi-circular clamping cap 24 at its upper end) extends into the first connecting cylinder 21 through the bottom opening of the first connecting cylinder 21. At this time, when the clamping block 27 comes into contact with the semi-circular clamping cap 24, due to its first end, the clamping block 27 will gradually retract into the groove 211 during the rising process of the semi-circular clamping cap 24, and the second spring 272 contracts under the action of the blocking block 271. Until the whole semi-circular clamping cap 24 passes through the clamping block 27, the second spring 272 expands, and the clamping block 27 is pushed out of the groove 211 through the blocking block 271, so that the second end of the clamping block 27 abuts against the lower end of the semi-circular clamping cap 24 to achieve preliminary locking. At this time, rotate the elevating cylinder 253 clockwise, the elevating cylinder 253 descends, the elevating cylinder 253 drives the lifting block 252 to slide downward in the chute 254 on the first connecting cylinder 21, and the lifting block 252 drives the abutting block 25 to descend until the abutting block 25 abuts against the upper end of the semi-circular clamping cap 24, and the final locking can be achieved. And the sliding groove on the semi-circular clamping cap 24 is sleeved on the sliding shaft 28. The arrangement of the guiding key and the guiding groove 281 can ensure that the semi-circular clamping cap 24 will not rotate. When the first lifting shaft 15 rises and falls, it drives the semi-circular clamping cap 24, the first fixing column 23, the releasing block 26, the first clamping column 22, and the longitudinal cutting knife 14 to rise and fall synchronously through the first connecting cylinder 21 and the clamping block 27.

[0045] When disassembling the longitudinal cutting tool 14, rotate the lifting cylinder 253 counterclockwise. The lifting cylinder 253 rises, the first spring 251 contracts, and the lifting block 252 slides upward along the chute 254 on the first connecting cylinder 21 with the lifting cylinder 253. The lifting block 252 drives the abutting block 25 to rise until the abutting block 25 disengages from the upper end of the semi-circular retaining cap 24, and there is a large gap between the abutting block 25 and the upper end of the semi-circular retaining cap 24. Continue to raise the first fixing post 23 through the first clamping post 22. Since the outer surface of the first cone 261 of the release block 26 is adapted to the first end of the clamping block 27, when the release block 26 rises and touches the clamping block 27, the clamping block 27 gradually retracts into the groove 211. Due to the existence of the second cone 262, after the first cone 261 passes by, the clamping block 27 will gradually extend out of the groove 211 until the release block 26 is above the clamping block 27 and the clamping block 27 completely extends out of the groove 211. At this time, drive the first fixing post 23 to descend through the first clamping post 22. When the second cone 262 passes by the clamping block 27, the clamping block 27 gradually contracts back into the groove 211. During this process, the release block 26 is rising until the first cone 261 of the release block 26 completely enters the conical groove (not shown in the figure) at the lower end of the semi-circular retaining cap 24. When the first cone 261 completely enters the conical groove at the lower end of the semi-circular retaining cap 24, the clamping block 27 completely retracts into the groove 211, and the semi-circular retaining cap 24, the first fixing post 23, the release block 26, and the first clamping post 22 descend until they disengage from the first connecting cylinder 21. Thus, the longitudinal cutting tool 14 can be quickly separated.

[0046] The sliding shaft 28 plays a guiding role throughout the process, ensuring that the semi-circular retaining cap 24 and the abutting block 25 move in the correct direction during movement and preventing deviation.

[0047] Specifically, although the first end of the clamping block 27 is adapted to the outer surface of the first cone 261, when the semi-circular retaining cap 24 rises or falls, the clamping block 27 will also contract or expand.

[0048] Specifically, through the first quick-release assembly 20 and the second quick-release assembly 44, the longitudinal cutting tool 14 and the cross-cutting tool 43 can be quickly disassembled, and the longitudinal cutting tool 14 and the cross-cutting tool 43 can be replaced or repaired more quickly.

[0049] As an embodiment, according to the specification appendix Figure 5It can be seen that the pressing assembly 30 includes a pressing frame 31 disposed within a second support 32 above the conveying assembly 50. A pressing roller 33 is horizontally and rotatably disposed below the pressing frame 31, and the axial direction of the pressing roller 33 is perpendicular to the material traveling direction. Both sides of the pressing frame 31 are slidably connected to both sides of the second support 32; the lower end of the first optical axis 34 is connected to the upper end of the pressing frame 31, the upper end of the first optical axis 34 penetrates through the top of the second support 32, and a third spring 35 is fixedly provided on the first optical axis 34 between the top of the second support 32 and the pressing frame 31. A boss 36 is screwed onto the first optical axis 34 above the second support 32.

[0050] Adjust the boss 36 according to the thickness of the material and the required pressing degree. Since the boss 36 is screwed onto the first optical axis 34 above the second support 32, the boss 36 can be rotated clockwise to move the boss 36 downward. In this way, the boss 36 compresses the third spring 35, thereby increasing the pressure of the third spring 35 on the pressing frame 31 and increasing the pressing force of the pressing roller 33 on the material; conversely, rotate the boss 36 counterclockwise, the boss 36 moves upward, the compression degree of the third spring 35 decreases, and the pressing force of the pressing roller 33 on the material also decreases accordingly.

[0051] When the material enters below the pressing roller 33, since both sides of the pressing frame 31 are slidably connected to both sides of the second support 32, and the pressing roller 33 is horizontally and rotatably disposed below the pressing frame 31, the pressing roller 33 will move upward a small distance under the push of the material, and at the same time the third spring 35 is further compressed. After the third spring 35 is compressed, it generates a downward elastic force, and this elastic force is transmitted to the pressing roller 33 through the pressing frame 31, causing the pressing roller 33 to tightly press on the material. As the conveying assembly 50 continues to operate, the material is continuously pressed under the action of the pressing roller 33 and moves forward along the material traveling direction.

[0052] Through the pressing assembly 30, the material can be pressed, enabling the material to be arranged more closely and orderly when being cut by the longitudinal cutting knife 14 and the transverse cutting knife 43, and reducing the cutting size deviation caused by the skew of the material. The material with uniform size can be more fully and evenly mixed with the extraction solvent, improving the extraction effect.

[0053] As an embodiment, according to the attached drawings of the specification Figure 6 It can be seen that the transverse cutting assembly 40 includes a second lifting shaft 41, the upper end of which is slidably connected to and penetrates through a second support plate 42 on the conveying assembly 50, and the second lifting shaft 41 is lifted and lowered under the drive of a second air cylinder 411; the transverse cutting knife 43 is horizontally disposed above the conveying assembly 50, and the transverse cutting knife 43 is connected to the lower end of the second lifting shaft 41 through a second quick-release assembly 44, and the transverse cutting knife 43 is perpendicular to the longitudinal cutting knife 14.

[0054] The second cylinder 411 drives the second lifting shaft 41 to lift. The second lifting shaft 41 drives the cross-cutting knife 43 to lift through the second quick-release assembly 44, and the cross-cutting knife 43 cuts the longitudinally cut material into pieces.

[0055] As an embodiment, according to the attached drawings of the specification Figure 6 As can be seen, the conveying assembly 50 includes two support frames 51, which are arranged in parallel. A rotatable conveyor belt 52 is arranged therein. A support plate 53 is fixedly provided between the two support frames 51 opposite to the longitudinal cutting assembly 10, the cross-cutting assembly 40, and the pressing assembly 30. The upper surface of the support plate 53 is in contact with the inner surface of the upper half of the conveyor belt 52.

[0056] The conveyor belt 52 can drive the material to move forward. Through the support plate 53 opposite to the longitudinal cutting assembly 10, the cross-cutting assembly 40, and the pressing assembly 30, whose upper surface is in contact with the inner surface of the upper half of the conveyor belt 52, it provides a solid support for the material. When the material is pressed and cut, the support plate 53 can prevent the conveyor belt 52 from sagging due to the force, ensuring that the material maintains a stable posture during cutting. This helps the longitudinal cutting knife 14 and the cross-cutting knife 43 to cut the material more accurately and improve the cutting quality.

[0057] It should be noted that in this patent application, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the term "comprising", "including" or any other variation thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device comprising a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the statement "comprising a..." does not exclude the existence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or device comprising the element.

[0058] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A lard refining process, characterized in that, including Step S1, raw material processing: After washing the materials, use a cutting device to cut the materials into pieces; Step S2, low-temperature extraction: Place the cut materials in an extraction device, add an edible extraction solvent, and under the low-temperature condition of 40 - 60 °C, stir to make the extraction solvent blend with the materials, and the oil is extracted into the solvent to form a mixed oil; Step S3, evaporation separation: Feed the mixed oil into an evaporator, heat to evaporate the solvent and separate it from the oil. The evaporated solvent can be recycled after cooling, and the remaining oil is crude lard; Step S4, membrane separation for degumming: Send the crude lard to a membrane separation device, use an ultrafiltration membrane to separate the crude lard, intercept the impurities, and let the oil molecules pass through the membrane; Step S5, supercritical fluid extraction for deacidification: Send the degummed oil into a supercritical extraction kettle, use supercritical fluid to dissolve the free fatty acids in the oil, and extract the free fatty acids from the oil under supercritical conditions; Step S6, ion exchange resin decolorization: Send the deacidified oil into an ion exchange column, and use ion exchange resin to adsorb the pigments and other charged impurities in the oil; Step S7, molecular distillation for deodorization: Send the decolorized oil into a distiller, make the odor substances in the oil volatilize at a temperature lower than their boiling points and separate from the oil. The deodorized oil is refined lard.

2. A lard refining process according to claim 1, wherein the cutting device in step S1 includes a conveying component, along which a longitudinal cutting component and a transverse cutting component are arranged in sequence in the material advancing direction, and pressing components are arranged at both the front and rear ends of the longitudinal cutting component.

3. A lard refining process according to claim 2, wherein the longitudinal cutting component includes: a first moving rod, horizontally arranged on the conveying component, and the first moving rod reciprocates horizontally under the drive of a first cylinder, and the moving direction of the first moving rod is perpendicular to the material advancing direction; a plurality of first connecting rods, the upper ends of which are respectively hinged to the first moving rod; a plurality of second connecting rods, corresponding to and perpendicular to the plurality of first connecting rods, and the first end of each second connecting rod is fixedly connected to the lower end of the corresponding first connecting rod; a plurality of hinge plates, corresponding to the plurality of second connecting rods and fixedly arranged on a first support plate horizontally arranged between the first supports, and the first end of each second connecting rod is hinged to the corresponding hinge plate at the fixed connection with the lower end of the corresponding first connecting rod; a plurality of first lifting shafts, corresponding to the plurality of second connecting rods, and the upper end of each first lifting shaft is slidably connected to the first support plate and then penetrates through and is hinged to the second end of the corresponding second connecting rod; a plurality of longitudinal cutting knives, corresponding to the plurality of first lifting shafts, and each longitudinal cutting knife is connected to the corresponding first lifting shaft through a first quick-release component, and the length direction of the longitudinal cutting knife is parallel to the material advancing direction.

4. A lard refining process according to claim 3, wherein the first quick-release component includes: a first connecting cylinder, vertically arranged below the first lifting shaft, and the upper end of the first connecting cylinder is fixedly connected to the lower end of the first lifting shaft; The first clamping post, its lower end is fixedly connected with the longitudinal cutting knife, and a first fixing post is fixedly arranged at the upper end. The diameter of the first fixing post is smaller than that of the first clamping post. The first fixing post extends out of or extends into the first connecting cylinder through the opening at the bottom of the first connecting cylinder. A semi-circular clamping cap is fixedly arranged at the top of the first fixing post, and a telescopic abutting block is arranged in the first connecting cylinder above the semi-circular clamping cap; The release block is slidably arranged on the first fixing post. The upper part of the release block is a first cone, the constricted end of the first cone is the upper surface, and a second cone symmetrical to the first cone is fixedly arranged at the lower part of the release block. A conical groove adapted to the first cone is arranged at the lower end of the semi-circular clamping cap; The clamping block is telescopically arranged at one side of the lower end of the semi-circular clamping cap, and the first end of the clamping block is adapted to the outer surface of the first cone.

5. The lard refining process according to claim 4, characterized in that A first spring is fixedly arranged between the upper end of the abutting block and the top of the first connecting cylinder. A lifting block is fixedly arranged on the side surface of the abutting block. The lifting block is slidably connected to and penetrates through a sliding groove arranged along the axial direction of the first connecting cylinder. An elevating cylinder is screwed on the outside of the first connecting cylinder above the lifting block.

6. The lard refining process according to claim 4, characterized in that The clamping block is arranged in a groove on one side of the first connecting cylinder. A first channel and a second channel are arranged in the groove from outside to inside. The second end of the first channel is communicated with the second channel. The first channel is adapted to the second end of the clamping block. A blocking block adapted to it is slidably arranged in the second channel. The first end of the blocking block is fixedly connected to the second end of the clamping block. A second spring is fixedly arranged between the second end of the blocking block and the second end of the second channel.

7. The lard refining process according to claim 4, characterized in that A sliding shaft is vertically fixedly arranged at the top of the first connecting cylinder. After the lower end of the sliding shaft is slidably connected to and penetrates through the abutting block, a guiding groove is fixedly arranged along the axial direction of the sliding shaft. A sliding groove adapted to the sliding shaft is arranged at the top of the semi-circular clamping cap, and a guiding key adapted to the guiding groove is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the sliding groove.

8. The lard refining process according to claim 2, characterized in that The pressing assembly includes: The pressing frame is arranged in the second bracket above the conveying assembly. A pressing roller is horizontally and rotatably arranged below the pressing frame. The axial direction of the pressing roller is perpendicular to the material traveling direction. Both sides of the pressing frame are slidably connected to both sides of the second bracket; The first optical axis, its lower end is connected to the upper end of the pressing frame. The upper end of the first optical axis penetrates through the top of the second bracket. A third spring is fixedly arranged on the first optical axis between the top of the second bracket and the pressing frame. A boss is screwed on the first optical axis above the second bracket.

9. The lard refining process according to claim 2, characterized in that The transverse cutting assembly includes: The second lifting shaft, its upper end is slidably connected to and penetrates through the second support plate on the conveying assembly, and the second lifting shaft is lifted and lowered under the drive of the second cylinder; The cross-cutting knife is horizontally arranged above the conveying component. The cross-cutting knife is connected to the lower end of the second lifting shaft of the second quick-release component. The cross-cutting knife is perpendicular to the longitudinal cutting knife. The structures of the first quick-release component and the second quick-release component are the same.

10. A lard refining process according to claim 2, wherein The conveying component includes two support frames which are arranged in parallel. A rotatable conveyor belt is arranged inside them. A support plate is fixedly arranged between the two support frames opposite to the longitudinal cutting component, the cross-cutting component and the pressing component. The upper surface of the support plate is in contact with the inner surface of the upper half of the conveyor belt.

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