Flexible ecological dam and construction method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of water conservancy projects, and provides a flexible ecological dam and a construction method thereof. The ecological dam comprises a dam body, film bag piles are constructed in the dam body, and geogrids are installed outside the film bag piles. The vegetation layer is laid on the upstream face and / or the downstream face; the water and soil protection blanket is laid on the vegetation layer so that the vegetation layer can be attached to the upstream face and / or the downstream face; and the protection foot is formed on the upstream face and closely attached to the embankment. According to the ecological dam, the dam and the foundation stratum can be integrated, the integrity and stability of the dam body structure are improved, and the anti-sliding performance of the dam is enhanced; the root system of the vegetation layer can be attached to the dam and locked tightly, the integrity of the dam is enhanced, and the safety of the dam is further enhanced. The protection feet are arranged on the upstream face, damage to the bottom embankment caused by rapid sand erosion can be resisted, and meanwhile the situation that a dam foundation is damaged due to water flow erosion or human factors on a riverbed and a seabed, and consequently the overall safety of the dam is affected is prevented.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of water conservancy projects, and provides a flexible ecological dam and a construction method thereof. Background Art

[0002] A dam generally refers to a waterproof and water-retaining structure and building.

[0003] In the related art, dams are mainly divided into two categories: earth-rock dams and concrete dams. Most of the above two types of dams belong to rigid dams or earth-rock dams with loose structures. Earth-rock dams have poor anti-scouring ability and short service life; rigid concrete dams are difficult to integrate with nature and damage the natural ecosystem.

[0004] Among them, due to the influence of soil erosion, stratum settlement, seepage pipe bursting of the dam body, etc. caused by natural or human factors, the soil erosion, deformation, collapse, etc. of the dam body reduce the ability of the dam to resist wind waves and water flow scouring, and shorten the service life. Modern reinforced concrete dams have high costs, high energy consumption, large pollution, affect the natural environment, poor landscape compatibility, and are prone to secondary disasters.

[0005] In the related art, the ecological transformation technology of traditional dams is mostly complex in process, high in cost, poor in effect, and difficult to maintain. Although some ecological dam technologies transform the surface materials and structures on the basis of traditional dams, apply a variety of materials, set up planting frames, water storage tanks and other structures, plant and raise plants in the dam system to improve its anti-scouring ability; set up a pest control system on the earth dam to prevent termites from breaching the dam; install a silt collection and filtration system on the earth-rock concrete dam to purify water bodies, etc., but most of them have complex structures, complicated processes, high costs, poor effects, and difficult to maintain. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention aims to at least solve the technical problems existing in the related art. For this purpose, the present invention proposes an ecological dam that can ensure the long-term anti-scouring of the dam and simplify the construction process of the dam.

[0007] The embodiment of the present invention also provides a construction method of an ecological dam.

[0008] The first aspect embodiment of the present invention provides an ecological dam, including:

[0009] A dam body, in which membrane bag piles are constructed, and geogrids are installed outside the membrane bag piles;

[0010] A vegetation layer, laid on the water-facing side and / or the back water-facing side;

[0011] A soil and water protection blanket, laid on the vegetation layer to make the vegetation layer fit on the water-facing side and / or the back water-facing side;

[0012] A toe protection, formed on the water-facing side and closely attached to the bank.

[0013] According to the ecological dike provided by the first aspect embodiment of the present invention, by constructing a systematic membrane bag pile in the dike body, the dike and the foundation stratum can be integrated, which not only increases the integrity and stability of the dike structure, but also enhances the anti-slip performance of the dike. Especially when the dike is used as a seawall, under extreme climate conditions, such as typhoon weather, waves generate a huge impact force on the seawall. The flexible performance of the seawall can eliminate part of the wave kinetic energy, and at the same time, the dike also needs a strong internal structure support. The rigid structure pile ensures the stability and safety of the seawall. By laying a vegetation layer on the water-facing side and / or the backwater side, the roots of the vegetation layer can adhere to and lock on the dike, strengthening the integrity of the dike, and further enhancing the safety of the dike. By setting a toe protection on the water-facing side, it can resist the damage of the bottom bank caused by rapid flow sand erosion, and at the same time prevent the damage of the dike foundation caused by water flow erosion or human factors on the riverbed and seabed, thus affecting the overall safety of the dike. This flexible ecological dike makes the most of local natural materials, uses a variety of high-performance polymer materials to reinforce the dike, resist scouring, strengthen the anti-filtration, purify water quality, promote plant growth, facilitate biodiversity, and effectively save energy, reduce carbon emissions and protect the environment.

[0014] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the vegetation layer includes:

[0015] Geotextile tube bags, laid on the water-facing side and / or the backwater side;

[0016] Plant growth bags, laid on the slope formed by stacking the geotextile tube bags, covered by the soil and water protection blanket, and suitable for being fixed to the dike body by anchor bolts;

[0017] The soil and water protection blanket is located on at least part of the outer surface of the geotextile tube bag and is suitable for covering at least part of the outer surface of the geotextile tube bag and the plant growth bag.

[0018] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the vegetation layer includes:

[0019] Geotextile woven fabrics, laid on the water-facing side and / or the backwater side;

[0020] Plant growth layer, the plant growth bags are located in the plant growth layer, and the plant growth layer is laid on the surface of the geotextile woven fabric;

[0021] The soil and water protection blanket covers the surface of the plant growth layer.

[0022] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the toe protection includes:

[0023] Membrane bag concrete toe protection, formed on the water-facing side and closely attached to the bank;

[0024] The membrane bag pile toe protection is formed on one side of the water-facing side of the membrane bag concrete toe protection, and the membrane bag pile toe protection is inserted into the stable formation.

[0025] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the toe protection includes:

[0026] Geotextile tube bags, which are filled with fillers and arranged on the water-facing side and / or the back water side;

[0027] A coating layer, which is coated on the geotextile tube bags to make the geotextile tube bags closely attached to the bank.

[0028] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the top of the toe protection is higher than the height of the riverbed.

[0029] According to an embodiment of the present invention, it further includes a spraying system, which is arranged on the bank and / or the top of the bank on the back water side.

[0030] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the membrane bag pile includes:

[0031] A first pile body, the first end of which extends towards the back water side;

[0032] A second pile body, the first end of which extends towards the water-facing side;

[0033] The second end of the first pile body and the second end of the second pile body are connected to each other.

[0034] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the dam body includes multiple layers of geotextile long bags, and along the vertical direction, the multiple layers of geotextile long bags are laid to form a regular trapezoid.

[0035] An embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention also provides a construction method of an ecological dam as described above, including:

[0036] Filling fillers in the geotextile long bags or blowing and filling natural materials in the river channel to construct the dam body, and constructing a toe protection closely attached to the bank on the water-facing side;

[0037] Constructing membrane bag piles that penetrate the core of the dam to reach the bedrock or stable formation;

[0038] Laying a vegetation layer on the dam body to make the soil and water protection blanket become a part of the vegetation layer;

[0039] Laying a soil and water protection blanket to cover the vegetation layer.

[0040] According to the construction method of the ecological dam provided by the second aspect embodiment of the present invention, by constructing the geotextile tube piles that penetrate the core of the dam and reach the bedrock or stable formation, the structural stability of the dam body can be improved, and the flexibility and impact resistance of the dam body can be enhanced. By laying a vegetation layer on the dam body and covering the vegetation layer with a soil and water protection blanket, in addition to effectively resisting scouring by numerous micro-vortices formed by the powerful three-dimensional structure network of the soil and water protection blanket in the water flow, it can also protect the fabric on the surface of the core of the dam from aging caused by ultraviolet radiation and reduce the oxidation effect of air, etc. on the fabric, effectively extending the life of the core of the dam; it can also promote the deposition of silt, fine sand, organic matter, etc. in the three-dimensional soil and water protection blanket, provide a living space for plant seeds, plant roots, and micro-animals, which is beneficial to biodiversity, and can also improve the integrity of the dam body through the roots of the vegetation layer, realizing the simple construction of the ecological dam.

[0041] One or more of the above technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention have at least one of the following technical effects:

[0042] According to the ecological dam provided by the first aspect embodiment of the present invention, by constructing a systematic geotextile tube pile in the dam body, the dam and the foundation formation can be integrated, which not only increases the integrity and stability of the dam body structure, but also enhances the anti-slip performance of the dam. Especially when the dam is used as a seawall, under extreme climate conditions, such as typhoon weather, the waves generate a huge impact force on the seawall. The flexible performance of the seawall can eliminate part of the wave kinetic energy, and at the same time, the dam also needs a strong internal structure support. The rigid structure piles ensure the stability and safety of the seawall. By laying a vegetation layer on the water-facing side and / or the back water-facing side, the roots of the vegetation layer can attach and lock on the dam, strengthening the integrity of the dam, and further enhancing the safety of the dam. By setting a toe protection on the water-facing side, it can resist the damage of the bottom bank caused by rapid flow sand erosion, and at the same time prevent the damage of the riverbed and seabed to the dam foundation due to water flow erosion or human factors, thus affecting the overall safety of the dam. This flexible ecological dam makes the most of local natural materials, uses a variety of high-performance polymer materials to reinforce the dam, resist scouring, enhance the reverse filtration, purify water quality, promote plant growth, and is beneficial to biodiversity, effectively saving energy, reducing carbon emissions, and protecting the environment.

[0043] Furthermore, according to the construction method of the ecological dam provided in the second aspect of the present invention, by constructing membrane bag piles that penetrate the core of the dam and reach the bedrock or stable formation, the structural stability of the dam can be enhanced, and the flexibility and impact resistance of the dam can be improved. By laying a vegetation layer on the dam and covering the vegetation layer with a soil and water protection blanket, in addition to effectively resisting scouring by the numerous micro-vortices formed by the powerful three-dimensional structure network of the soil and water protection blanket in the water flow, it can also protect the fabric on the surface of the core of the dam from aging caused by ultraviolet radiation and reduce the oxidation effect of air, etc. on the fabric, effectively extending the life of the core of the dam; it can also promote the deposition of silt, fine sand, organic matter, etc. in the three-dimensional soil and water protection blanket, provide a living space for plant seeds, plant roots, and micro-small animals, be beneficial to biodiversity, and can also enhance the integrity of the dam through the roots of the vegetation layer, realizing the simple construction of the ecological dam.

[0044] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description, become apparent in part from the following description, or be learned through the practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0046] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an ecological dam provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 2 is another schematic structural diagram of an ecological dam provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 3 is a schematic flow chart of the construction method of the ecological dam provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0049] Reference Signs:

[0050] 500, dam body; 502, membrane bag pile; 504, vegetation layer; 506, soil and water protection blanket; 508, plant growth bag; 510, membrane bag concrete foot protection; 512, membrane bag pile foot protection; 514, geogrid. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0051] The following will further describe in detail the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings. The following embodiments are used to illustrate the present invention, but cannot be used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0052] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation to the embodiments of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0053] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

[0054] In the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the first feature being "on" or "under" the second feature can be that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are indirectly in contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "over" and "on" the second feature can be that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicates that the first feature has a higher horizontal height than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "beneath" and "under" the second feature can be that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or merely indicates that the first feature has a lower horizontal height than the second feature.

[0055] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to terms such as "an embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the embodiments of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic descriptions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0056] As Figures 1 to 2 shown, an ecological dike is provided in the first aspect embodiment of the present invention, including:

[0057] The dam body 500 is constructed by multiple layers of geotextile long bags, and geogrid 514 is installed between each layer of long bags. Membrane bag piles 502 are constructed inside the dam body 500;

[0058] Vegetation layer 504, laid on the water-facing side and / or the back water-facing side;

[0059] Soil and water protection blanket 506, laid on the vegetation layer 504 to make the vegetation layer 504 adhere to the water-facing side and / or the back water-facing side;

[0060] Toe protection, formed on the water-facing side and closely attached to the bank.

[0061] According to the ecological dam provided by the first aspect embodiment of the present invention, by constructing membrane bag piles 502 inside the dam body 500, the dam and the foundation stratum can be integrated, which not only increases the integrity and stability of the dam body 500 structure, but also enhances the anti-slip performance of the dam. Especially when the dam is used as a seawall, under extreme climate conditions, such as typhoon weather, the waves generate a huge impact force on the seawall. The flexible performance of the seawall can eliminate part of the wave kinetic energy. At the same time, the dam also needs a strong internal structure support. The rigid structure piles ensure the stability and safety of the seawall. By laying the vegetation layer 504 on the water-facing side and / or the back water-facing side, the roots of the vegetation layer 504 can attach and lock on the dam, strengthening the integrity of the dam, and further enhancing the safety of the dam. By setting toe protection on the water-facing side, it can resist the damage of the bottom bank caused by rapid flow sand erosion, and at the same time prevent the damage of the dam foundation caused by water flow erosion or human factors on the riverbed and seabed, thus affecting the overall safety of the dam. This flexible ecological dam makes the most of local natural materials, uses a variety of high-performance polymer materials to reinforce the dam, resist erosion, enhance the reverse filtration, purify water quality, promote plant growth, and facilitate biodiversity, effectively saving energy, reducing carbon emissions, and protecting the environment.

[0062] Please continue to refer to Figures 1 to 2 , membrane bag piles 502 are pre-embedded inside the dam body 500. Among them, the dam body 500 includes multiple layers of geotextile long bags, and along the vertical direction, the multiple layers of geotextile long bags are laid to form a regular trapezoid.

[0063] It can be understood that when the dam body 500 is filled in layers, each layer is formed by filling and consolidating two parallel and closely attached geotextile long bags. The geotextile long bag on the side close to the water-facing side is filled with clay or clay composite anti-seepage material that meets the anti-seepage requirements and reaches the anti-seepage thickness. For example, the anti-seepage thickness can be 2 meters to 5 meters.

[0064] Among them, the filling material in the geotextile long bag can be river silt, sea mud, non-toxic and harmless recycled waste slag and waste soil, etc., which not only solves the problem of waste utilization, but also dredges the river, treats the beach, etc., which is beneficial to comprehensively protecting and making good use of the environment.

[0065] Such as Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown in the figure, in the embodiment of the present invention, the membrane bag pile 502 includes:

[0066] A first pile body, the first end of the first pile body extends towards the side of the back water surface;

[0067] A second pile body, the first end of the second pile body extends towards the side of the water-facing surface;

[0068] The second end of the first pile body and the second end of the second pile body are connected to each other.

[0069] That is to say, the first pile body and the second pile body generally form a structure like a herringbone. It should be noted that after or during the construction of the integrated dam body 500, a herringbone membrane bag pile 502 that penetrates the dam body 500 and reaches the bedrock or stable stratum is constructed as a stable support for the dam body 500 to play an anti-slip role. The structural membrane bag pile 502 is hidden in the dam body 500 to extend the service life and show a natural ecology.

[0070] In some other embodiments, if the terrain where the dam is located is flat and the stratum is stable, or it can be proved that the dam body 500 is not affected by external forces and does not slip, and is relatively stable, the length of the membrane bag pile 502 can be reduced, or the above-mentioned concealed membrane bag pile 502 can be partially used, or the above-mentioned concealed membrane bag pile 502 can be completely not used.

[0071] It can be understood that the main materials of this ecological dam are basically locally sourced, the construction is convenient, and the main material cost is relatively low. The ecological dam has a flexible ecological structure that is conducive to the breeding of animals and plants. Combined with the membrane bag pile 502, it forms a unique structure combining rigidity and flexibility. The dam requires little or no maintenance and can be used for a long time, and the maintenance cost is relatively low. Therefore, the overall comprehensive cost of the ecological dam in production, transportation, construction, maintenance, etc. is relatively low. Compared with the technologies in the same field, this ecological dam effectively reduces the cost and achieves the ecological goal of energy conservation and carbon reduction.

[0072] A vegetation layer 504 is laid on the dam on the water-facing surface and / or the back water surface. Among them, by laying the vegetation layer 504 on the dam, when the dam is impacted by wind waves and water flow, it not only plays a role in energy dissipation, reducing water flow speed, and resisting scouring, but also uses their roots to fasten the materials on the bank and the dam body 500 together, strengthening the integrated structure of the bank and the dam body 500. As time goes by, the plant roots become stronger day by day, the anti-scouring ability of the dam gradually increases, the integrity of the dam is better, and the dam is safer. The vegetation covering the back water surface can reduce soil erosion on the surface of the dam, and at the same time shield the polymer materials from direct ultraviolet radiation, extending the service life of the dam. At the same time, a large number of terrestrial and aquatic plants are planted, thus forming a waterfront biological community, an in-water microbial community, and an underwater animal and plant community, realizing biodiversity.

[0073] In the embodiments of the present invention, the vegetation layer 504 can be formed in at least the following two different ways:

[0074] Composition method one:

[0075] In this composition method, the vegetation layer 504 includes:

[0076] Geotextile tube bags, laid on the water-facing side and / or the back water-facing side;

[0077] Plant growth bags 508, laid on the slope formed by the stacking of geotextile tube bags, covered by a soil and water protection blanket 506, and suitable for being fixed to the dam body 500 by anchor bolts;

[0078] The soil and water protection blanket 506 is located on at least part of the outer surface of the geotextile tube bag and is suitable for covering at least part of the outer surface of the geotextile tube bag and the plant growth bag 508.

[0079] Specifically, a certain length of geogrid 514 and a soil and water protection blanket are respectively fixed on the curved surface of the geotextile tube bag in contact with the ground and part of its outer surface connected thereto, leaving the length for wrapping the geogrid 514 and the soil and water protection blanket in reserve. Then, materials such as silt, gravel, and sand are blown into the geotextile tube bag. After natural settlement and consolidation, the reserved geogrid 514 is respectively wrapped around the formed curved surface of the geotextile tube bag and part of its outer surface connected thereto. At the corresponding positions on the top surface of the bottom geotextile tube bag close to the curved surface of the upper layer of geotextile tube bag and part of its outer surface connected thereto, plant growth bags 508 made of long strip-shaped ecological cloth filled with plant growth substrates are placed, and after being effectively fixed with ecological anchor bolts, the reserved soil and water protection blanket is respectively wrapped around the curved surface of the geotextile tube bag and part of its outer surface connected thereto and the plant growth bag 508 and effectively fixed.

[0080] Composition method two:

[0081] In this composition method, the vegetation layer 504 includes:

[0082] Geotextile woven fabric, laid on the water-facing side and / or the back water-facing side;

[0083] Plant growth layer, laid on the surface of the geotextile woven fabric;

[0084] The soil and water protection blanket 506 covers the surface of the plant growth layer.

[0085] Specifically, when there is no condition for blowing and filling, geotextile woven fabric can also be laid on the ground, natural silt, sand, or harmless slag waste is piled on it, and then sewn into a tube bag shape on site. Then the plant growth layer is laid on the geotextile woven fabric, and finally the soil and water protection blanket 506 is used to cover the surface of the plant growth layer.

[0086] Emergent plants are planted on the levee above the water surface on the water-facing side, floating plants are planted on the water surface layer, submerged plants are planted on the underwater levee, terrestrial trees and shrubs are planted on the back levee, and grass seeds are sown on the soil and water protection blanket above the water surface on the back levee and the water-facing levee, and then covered with soil for grass planting. The vegetation covering the water-facing side, when impacted by wind, waves and water flow, not only plays a role in energy dissipation, reducing water flow speed and resisting scouring, but also uses their roots to fasten the materials on the levee and the dam body 500 together, strengthening the integrated structure of the levee and the dam body 500. As time goes by, the plant roots become stronger day by day, the anti-scouring ability of the dam gradually increases, the integrity of the dam is better, and the dam is safer. The vegetation covering the back levee can reduce soil and water loss on the surface of the dam, and at the same time shield the polymer material from direct ultraviolet radiation, extending the service life of the dam. At the same time, the planting of a large number of terrestrial and aquatic plants forms a waterfront biological community, an in-water microbial community, and an underwater animal and plant community, realizing biodiversity.

[0087] The toe protection is formed on the water-facing side and is closely attached to the levee. In the embodiment of the present invention, the function of the toe protection is to enhance the ability of the ecological dam to resist the damage of the bottom levee caused by rapid flow and sand erosion, and at the same time prevent the damage of the dam foundation caused by water flow erosion or human factors on the seabed and riverbed.

[0088] In the embodiment of the present invention, the toe protection can be composed of at least the following different ways:

[0089] Composition method one:

[0090] In this composition method, the toe protection includes:

[0091] The concrete-filled membrane bag toe protection 510 is formed on the water-facing side and is closely attached to the levee;

[0092] The membrane bag pile toe protection 512 is formed on one side of the water-facing side of the concrete-filled membrane bag toe protection 510, and the membrane bag pile toe protection 512 is inserted into the stable stratum.

[0093] Specifically, the concrete-filled membrane bag toe protection 510 is arranged in close contact with the levee on the water-facing side. By installing a stable steel structure inside the membrane bag exposed on the riverbed, the pile body exposed on the riverbed can be ensured to be relatively fixed and not deformed, and then a concrete layer is poured into the membrane bag between the pile bodies exposed on the riverbed to form a stable concrete-filled membrane bag toe protection 510.

[0094] On the outside of the concrete-filled membrane bag toe protection 510, there is a membrane bag pile toe protection 512. Piles reaching the stable stratum can be constructed at the bottom of the water-facing levee to complete the construction of the membrane bag pile toe protection 512.

[0095] Composition method two:

[0096] In this composition method, the toe protection includes:

[0097] Geotextile tube bags, filled with fillers and arranged on the water-facing side;

[0098] Coating layer, covering the geotextile tube bags to make the geotextile tube bags closely attached to the embankment.

[0099] Specifically, if the water-facing side of the dam is not suitable for the construction method of the first type of toe protection, for example, due to the requirements of river flood discharge, it is not possible to throw stones or stone cages, or the thrown stones or stone cages may affect the flood flow or be washed away by the flood, then it is possible to choose to fill or blow-fill the natural materials in the river channel into the geotextile tube bags, and wrap a strong anti-scour coating layer outside, such as in the form of a rusty steel wire mesh with a three-dimensional structure, to construct the toe protection to achieve the purpose of anti-scour. This type of toe protection is also the flexible sand pillow type toe protection on the water-facing side of the dam.

[0100] Composition method three:

[0101] In this composition method, if the water flow on the water-facing side of the dam is slow or static, toe protection forms such as stone pitching, pine wood toe protection, or stone cage toe protection can be adopted.

[0102] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the top of the toe protection can be set according to the requirements of flood control and anti-scour, and the height of the toe protection is higher than the height of the riverbed.

[0103] Such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, the top of the toe protection is higher than the height of the riverbed to enhance the ability of the dam to resist the damage of the bottom embankment caused by the erosion of rapid flow sand.

[0104] It can be understood that by setting the toe protection on the water-facing side and combining with the vegetation layer 504 and the soil and water protection blanket 506, a flexible trapezoidal embankment can be formed, which has a buffering and energy reduction effect respectively, slows down the erosion of the wind wave or water flow on the dam, and effectively protects the safety of the dam.

[0105] According to an embodiment of the present invention, it further includes a spraying system, which is arranged on the embankment on the backwater side.

[0106] Such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, install irrigation systems such as drip irrigation and sprinkler irrigation on the backwater side embankment of the dam to ensure the survival of the plants on the dam during drought, reduce soil erosion, and maintain biodiversity and greening landscape.

[0107] Such as Figure 3 shown, the second aspect embodiment of the present invention also provides a construction method of an ecological dam as described above, including:

[0108] Step 100, filling the geotextile long bag with fillers or blowing and filling the natural materials in the river channel to construct the dam body 500, and constructing a toe protection closely attached to the embankment on the water-facing side;

[0109] Step 200: Construct the membrane bag piles 502 that penetrate the dam body 500 to reach the bedrock or stable formation.

[0110] Step 300: Lay the vegetation layer 504 on the dam body 500.

[0111] Step 400: Lay the soil and water protection blanket 506 to cover the vegetation layer 504.

[0112] According to the construction method of the ecological dam provided by the second aspect embodiment of the present invention, by constructing the membrane bag piles 502 that penetrate the dam body 500 to reach the bedrock or stable formation, the structural stability of the dam body 500 can be improved, and the flexibility and impact resistance of the dam body 500 can be enhanced. By laying the vegetation layer 504 on the dam body 500 and covering the vegetation layer 504 with the soil and water protection blanket 506, the integrity of the dam body 500 can be improved through the roots of the vegetation layer 504, and the simple construction of the ecological dam can be realized.

[0113] Specifically, the construction method of the ecological dam provided by the second aspect embodiment of the present invention is mainly as follows:

[0114] In step 100, after the dam body 500 built by stacking the geotextile tube bags with reinforcement (referring to covering the geogrid on the surface of the geotextile tube bags) is formed, a stable steel bar structure can be installed inside the membrane bag exposed on the riverbed to ensure that the pile body exposed on the riverbed is relatively fixed and does not deform. Then, a concrete layer is poured into the membrane bag between the pile bodies exposed on the riverbed to form a stable membrane bag concrete foot protection 510.

[0115] In step 200, construct the herringbone or other structural form of membrane bag piles 502 that penetrate the dam body 500 to reach the bedrock or stable formation, combining rigidity and flexibility, so that the dam and the foundation formation are integrated, which not only increases the integrity and stability of the dam body 500 structure, but also enhances the anti-slip performance of the dam. Especially when the dam is used as a seawall, under extreme climate conditions, such as typhoon weather, the waves generate a huge impact force on the seawall. The flexible performance of the seawall can eliminate part of the wave kinetic energy. At the same time, the seawall also needs a strong internal structure support. The rigid structure piles ensure the stability and safety of the seawall. At the same time, the structural membrane bag piles 502 are hidden in the dam body 500, extending the service life and not affecting the appearance of the dam, making it more natural and ecological.

[0116] Or it is possible to choose to fill or blow-fill the natural materials in the river channel with geotextile tubes, and wrap a strong anti-scour coating outside, such as in the form of a three-dimensional structure of stainless steel wire mesh, to construct the foot protection to achieve the purpose of anti-scouring.

[0117] Or adopt forms of foot protection such as riprap foot protection, pine foot protection or gabion foot protection.

[0118] In step 300, a certain length of geogrid and soil and water protection blanket can be fixed at both ends of one side of the geotube perpendicular to the ground respectively, leaving the lengths of the reverse-wrapped geogrid and soil and water protection blanket. Fill materials such as silt, gravel and sand into the geotube. After natural settlement and consolidation, the reserved geogrids are respectively reverse-wrapped around the formed curved surface of the geotube and the adjacent part of the outer surface. At the corresponding positions on the top surface of the bottom geotube close to the curved surface of the upper geotube and the adjacent part of the outer surface, place the plant growth bags 508 made of non-woven weather-resistant ecological cloth and filled with plant growth matrix, and effectively fix them with ecological anchor rods. Then, the reserved soil and water protection blankets are respectively reverse-wrapped around the curved surface of the geotube, the adjacent part of the outer surface and the plant growth bags 508 and effectively fixed;

[0119] Or, it is also possible to lay the geotextile cloth on the ground, pile up natural silt, sand and gravel or harmless soil waste on it, and then sew it into a tube shape on site. Then lay the plant growth layer on the geotextile cloth, and finally use the soil and water protection blanket 506 to cover the surface of the plant growth layer.

[0120] In step 400, lay the soil and water protection blanket 506 on the vegetation layer 504 to cover the vegetation layer 504.

[0121] Through the above construction method, many problems such as high maintenance cost of modern dams and difficulty in realizing biodiversity are solved. A large number of plants are cultivated and maintained on the dam, and its unique flexible structure is friendly to animals, plants and microorganisms. Related microorganisms, aquatic and terrestrial animals and birds can live and reproduce, and the biodiversity effect is remarkable. This ecological dam is more ecological and more environmentally friendly compared with the existing technologies in the current field. Since high molecular materials and membrane bag pile skeletons are used, the proportion of artificial materials is extremely small, and most are natural materials, which have little impact on the environment; the main body of the dam adopts the filling technology, with fast construction speed and limited impact on the environment; the main natural materials and permeable structure are conducive to the exchange of groundwater and surface water, and are conducive to the health of water bodies; the natural material structure of the dam body 500 is conducive to soil water storage and water conservation; the non-toxic and harmless flexible ecological structure is friendly to the environment, and is overall suitable for plant growth, animal habitation and microorganism reproduction, which is conducive to biodiversity.

[0122] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A flexible ecological dam, characterized in that, Comprising: A dam body (500), within which a membrane bag pile (502) is constructed, and an earth geogrid (514) is installed outside the membrane bag pile (502); A vegetation layer (504), laid on the water-facing side and / or the back water-facing side; A soil and water protection blanket (506), laid on the vegetation layer (504) to make the vegetation layer (504) fit on the water-facing side and / or the back water-facing side; A toe protection, formed on the water-facing side and closely attached to the bank.

2. The flexible ecological dam according to claim 1, wherein The vegetation layer (504) comprises: Geotextile tube bags, laid on the water-facing side and / or the back water-facing side; Plant growth bags (508), laid on the slope formed by stacking the geotextile tube bags, covered by the soil and water protection blanket (506), and adapted to be fixed to the dam body (500) by anchor rods; The soil and water protection blanket (506) is located on at least part of the outer surface of the geotextile tube bags and is adapted to cover at least part of the outer surface of the geotextile tube bags and the plant growth bags (508).

3. The flexible ecological dam according to claim 2, characterized in that, The vegetation layer (504) comprises: Geotextile woven fabric, laid on the water-facing side and / or the back water-facing side; A plant growth layer, in which the plant growth bags (508) are located, and the plant growth layer is laid on the surface of the geotextile woven fabric; The soil and water protection blanket (506) covers the surface of the plant growth layer.

4. The flexible ecological dam according to claim 1, characterized in that, The toe protection comprises: A membrane bag concrete toe protection (510), formed on the water-facing side and closely attached to the bank; A membrane bag pile toe protection (512), formed on one side of the water-facing side of the membrane bag concrete toe protection (510), and the membrane bag pile toe protection (512) is inserted into a stable formation.

5. The flexible ecological dam according to claim 1, characterized in that, The toe protection comprises: Geotextile tube bags, filled with fillers and laid on the water-facing side and / or the back water-facing side; A covering layer, covering the geotextile tube bags to make the geotextile tube bags closely attached to the bank.

6. The flexible ecological dam according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that, The top of the toe protection is higher than the height of the riverbed.

7. The flexible ecological dam according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that It further comprises a spraying system, which is arranged on the bank on the back water-facing side and / or the top of the dam.

8. The flexible ecological dam according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The membrane bag pile (502) comprises: A first pile body, the first end of which extends towards the back water-facing side; A second pile body, the first end of which extends towards the water-facing side; The second ends of the first pile body and the second pile body are connected to each other.

9. The flexible ecological dam according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The dam body (500) comprises multiple layers of geotextile long bags, and along the vertical direction, the multiple layers of geotextile long bags are laid to form a regular trapezoid.

10. A construction method of a flexible ecological dam as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, Comprising: Filling fillers in the geotextile long bags or filling natural materials in the river channel by hydraulic filling to construct the dam body, and constructing a toe protection closely attached to the bank on the water-facing side; Constructing a membrane bag pile (502) that penetrates the core of the dam to reach the bedrock or a stable formation; Laying a vegetation layer (504) on the dam body (500) to make the soil and water protection blanket become a part of the vegetation layer (504); Laying a soil and water protection blanket (506) to cover the vegetation layer (504).

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