A lightweight building formwork material with adjustable elasticity and a method of making the same

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of template material preparation, in particular to a lightweight building template material with adjustable elasticity and a preparation method thereof. The present application provides a sandwich structure lightweight building template material with self-adaptive seismic performance, which adopts various innovative technologies such as memory alloy, micro air bag and gradient density honeycomb structure, can adjust the elasticity and shock absorption capacity according to the vibration intensity, greatly improves the application performance of the building template material in the seismic resistance, and has a wide application prospect.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of template material preparation, in particular to a lightweight building template material with adjustable elasticity and a preparation method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the rapid development of building structures such as walls, roofs or floors in the construction industry and the increasing demand for performance of building template materials, lightweight, high-strength and environmentally friendly building template materials have gradually become the mainstream demand in the market, especially in the application of lightweight interior wall insulation materials. Lightweight building template materials are born in this background. The template material itself is made of three or more layers of single board or thin plate by hot pressing with glue, which has the characteristics of high strength and good durability. However, the performance limitations of traditional building template materials mainly lie in the multi-dimensional performance short board caused by the inherent structural characteristics and process constraints. In terms of elasticity, due to the use of uniform thickness single board laminated structure, its anisotropy characteristics make it difficult to form gradient deformation response when stressed. When subjected to complex load or dynamic impact, the elastic modulus of traditional template material is unevenly distributed, and brittle fracture often occurs due to local stress concentration. For example, in the application of large truss structure, the template material at the node position lacks variable elastic recovery capacity, and is easy to produce irreversible plastic deformation under cyclic load, which seriously affects the structural safety life.

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to invent a lightweight building template material with adjustable mechanical properties according to different needs. SUMMARY

[0004] In view of the above technical problems, the present application aims to provide a lightweight building template material with adjustable elasticity and a preparation method thereof. The lightweight building board is a new type of sandwich structure, the first layer is made of high-density wood material to provide strength and rigidity; the middle layer is formed by combining foam material and memory metal to provide deformation ability and self-adaptive force; the third layer is a gradient density honeycomb structure to realize elastic adjustment and shock absorption effect.

[0005] The present application discloses a preparation method of a lightweight building template material with adjustable elasticity, comprising the following preparation steps:

[0006] S1 raw material preparation: clean and polish the surface of the wood to remove impurities and dry; anneal the memory metal and add it to the polyurethane foam raw material liquid for soaking, then add a foaming agent to control the foaming temperature to generate a lightweight foam template material;

[0007] S2 sandwich manufacturing: cutting the wood treated in step S1 and the light building template material, the gradient density honeycomb core polypropylene by laser cutting technology, stacking the wood, the light building template material and the gradient density honeycomb core polypropylene in turn layer by layer, and adding a curing agent between each layer during lamination, controlling the lamination temperature and pressure, and obtaining the sandwich after lamination.

[0008] S3 light building template material preparation: embedding a micro air bag in the sandwich prepared in step S2, then placing the sandwich with the embedded micro air bag into a curing oven for curing, setting the curing temperature and curing time, and taking out the surface after curing for polishing treatment to obtain the light building template material.

[0009] Preferably, in the S1 raw material preparation step, the memory metal is a nickel-titanium alloy.

[0010] Preferably, in the S1 raw material preparation step, the foaming temperature is 30-60℃.

[0011] Preferably, in the S1 raw material preparation step, the foaming time after adding the foaming agent is 2-3h.

[0012] Preferably, in the S1 raw material preparation step, the mass ratio of the memory metal to the polyurethane foam is 1: (90-100).

[0013] Preferably, in the S2 sandwich manufacturing step, the curing agent is modified diphenyl methane diisocyanate, that is, the activity of the isocyanate group on the diphenyl methane diisocyanate is modified.

[0014] Preferably, in the S2 sandwich manufacturing step, the lamination temperature is 150-180℃.

[0015] Preferably, in the S2 sandwich manufacturing step, the lamination pressure is 2-5MPa.

[0016] Preferably, in the S3 light building template material preparation step, the curing temperature is 80-100℃; and the curing time is 1-3h.

[0017] A light building template material with adjustable elasticity prepared by any one of the above-mentioned preparation methods of a light building template material with adjustable elasticity.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present application are:

[0019] The application provides a lightweight building template material with adjustable elasticity and a preparation method thereof, and proposes a novel sandwich structure template material, which comprises multiple functional layers, the outer layer is made of high-density wood or reinforced cellulose template material, has high strength and rigidity, the middle interlayer is made of deformable lightweight foam template material and is added with memory alloy, has certain deformation capacity and self-adaptive capacity, the memory alloy (such as nickel-titanium alloy) can adjust the rigidity through temperature change when vibrating, the core layer is a gradient density honeycomb structure, the density gradually increases from the center to the outside, so that better elastic adjustment and vibration absorption effects are achieved. The template material has self-adaptive elasticity, can automatically adjust the deformation capacity according to the stress intensity, further adjusts the pressure by embedding a micro air bag, and also achieves the effects of absorbing and relieving vibration. The template material can be used as a lightweight interior wall partition template material in buildings, has certain self-adaptive, self-repairing and anti-vibration effects, and also has elasticity.

[0020] In the S1 raw material preparation step, the memory metal is added in the foam raw material liquid, and then the lightweight foam template material is formed by foaming, which is beneficial to the uniform distribution of the memory metal in the lightweight foam template material, avoids the phenomenon of local concentration or sparseness, and affects the elastic adjustment effect of the foam layer. In the S2 interlayer manufacturing step, the curing agent used is modified diphenyl methane diisocyanate, the use of the curing agent can realize low-temperature rapid curing, and the crosslinking reaction between the curing agent and the polymer of the intermediate layer further improves the mechanical properties of the template material. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The following examples are provided to better further understand the application and are not limited to the best mode, do not constitute limitations on the content and protection scope of the application, and any person under the inspiration of the application or the combination of the application with other prior art features falls within the protection scope of the application.

[0022] If the specific experimental steps or conditions are not specified in the examples, the operation or conditions can be carried out according to the conventional experimental steps described in the literature in the field. If the reagent or instrument used is not specified by the manufacturer, it is a conventional reagent product that can be obtained by purchase.

[0023] Example 1: A preparation method of a lightweight building template material with adjustable elasticity, comprising the following steps:

[0024] S1 raw material preparation: clean, polish and dry the wood surface; anneal the memory metal, add it to the polyurethane foam raw material liquid, soak, wherein the mass ratio of the memory metal to the polyurethane foam is 1:90, then add a foaming agent to control the foaming temperature to 30 DEG C, the foaming time is 2h, and the lightweight foam template material is generated.

[0025] S2 sandwich manufacturing: cutting the wood treated in step S1 and the lightweight foam template material, and the gradient density honeycomb core polypropylene by laser cutting technology, wherein the density of the gradient density honeycomb core polypropylene gradually increases from the center to the outside; sequentially stacking the wood, the lightweight foam template material and the gradient density honeycomb core polypropylene layer by layer, and then laminating, adding curing agent modified diphenyl methane diisocyanate between each layer during the lamination, controlling the lamination temperature to be 150°C, the lamination pressure to be 2 MPa, and the lamination time to be 3 h, and obtaining the sandwich after the lamination is completed.

[0026] S3 lightweight building template material preparation: embedding micro airbags in the sandwich prepared in step S2, and then placing the sandwich with the embedded micro airbags into a curing oven for curing, setting the curing temperature to be 80°C; the curing time is 1 h, and the surface is polished after the curing is completed to obtain the lightweight building template material.

[0027] Example 2: A preparation method of a lightweight building template material with adjustable elasticity, comprising the following steps:

[0028] S1 raw material preparation: cleaning, polishing and drying the wood surface to remove impurities; annealing the memory metal and adding it to the polyurethane foam raw material liquid for soaking, wherein the mass ratio of the memory metal to the polyurethane foam is 1:92, then adding a foaming agent to control the foaming temperature to be 35°C, and the foaming time to be 2.2 h, and generating a lightweight foam template material.

[0029] S2 sandwich manufacturing: cutting the wood treated in step S1 and the lightweight foam template material, and the gradient density honeycomb core polypropylene by laser cutting technology, wherein the density of the gradient density honeycomb core polypropylene gradually increases from the center to the outside; sequentially stacking the wood, the lightweight foam template material and the gradient density honeycomb core polypropylene layer by layer, and then laminating, adding curing agent modified diphenyl methane diisocyanate between each layer during the lamination, controlling the lamination temperature to be 155°C, the lamination pressure to be 2.5 MPa, and the lamination time to be 3.2 h, and obtaining the sandwich after the lamination is completed.

[0030] S3 lightweight building template material preparation: embedding micro airbags in the sandwich prepared in step S2, and then placing the sandwich with the embedded micro airbags into a curing oven for curing, setting the curing temperature to be 85°C; the curing time is 1.5 h, and the surface is polished after the curing is completed to obtain the lightweight building template material.

[0031] Example 3: A preparation method of a lightweight building template material with adjustable elasticity, comprising the following steps:

[0032] S1 raw material preparation: clean and polish the surface of the wood to remove impurities and dry it; anneal the memory metal and add it to the polyurethane foam raw material liquid for soaking, wherein the mass ratio of memory metal to polyurethane foam is 1:94, then add a foaming agent to control the foaming temperature to 40℃, and the foaming time is 2.4h, to generate a lightweight foam template material.

[0033] S2 sandwich manufacturing: use laser cutting technology to cut the wood treated in step S1 and the lightweight foam template material, and the gradient density honeycomb core polypropylene, wherein the density of the gradient density honeycomb core polypropylene gradually increases from the center to the outside; sequentially stack the wood, lightweight foam template material and gradient density honeycomb core polypropylene layer by layer, then perform lamination, add curing agent modified diphenyl methane diisocyanate between each layer during lamination, control the lamination temperature to 160℃, the lamination pressure to 3MPa, and the lamination time to 3.4h, and obtain the sandwich after lamination is completed.

[0034] S3 lightweight building template material preparation: embed micro airbags in the sandwich prepared in step S2, then put the sandwich with embedded micro airbags into a curing oven for curing, set the curing temperature to 90℃; the curing time is 2h, and the surface is polished after the curing is completed, to obtain the lightweight building template material.

[0035] Example 4: A method for preparing a lightweight building template material with adjustable elasticity, comprising the following steps:

[0036] S1 raw material preparation: clean and polish the surface of the wood to remove impurities and dry it; anneal the memory metal and add it to the polyurethane foam raw material liquid for soaking, wherein the mass ratio of memory metal to polyurethane foam is 1:96, then add a foaming agent to control the foaming temperature to 45℃, and the foaming time is 2.6h, to generate a lightweight foam template material.

[0037] S2 sandwich manufacturing: use laser cutting technology to cut the wood treated in step S1 and the lightweight foam template material, and the gradient density honeycomb core polypropylene, wherein the density of the gradient density honeycomb core polypropylene gradually increases from the center to the outside; sequentially stack the wood, lightweight foam template material and gradient density honeycomb core polypropylene layer by layer, then perform lamination, add curing agent modified diphenyl methane diisocyanate between each layer during lamination, control the lamination temperature to 165℃, the lamination pressure to 3.5MPa, and the lamination time to 3.6h, and obtain the sandwich after lamination is completed.

[0038] S3 lightweight building template material preparation: embed micro airbags in the sandwich prepared in step S2, then put the sandwich with embedded micro airbags into a curing oven for curing, set the curing temperature to 95℃; the curing time is 2.5h, and the surface is polished after the curing is completed, to obtain the lightweight building template material.

[0039] Example 5: A method for preparing a lightweight building template material with adjustable elasticity, comprising the following steps:

[0040] S1 raw material preparation: clean and polish the surface of the wood to remove impurities and dry it; anneal the memory metal and add it to the polyurethane foam raw material liquid for soaking, wherein the mass ratio of memory metal to polyurethane foam is 1:98, then add a foaming agent to control the foaming temperature to 50°C, and the foaming time is 2.8h, to generate a lightweight foam template material.

[0041] S2: sandwich manufacturing: use laser cutting technology to cut the wood treated in step S1 and the lightweight foam template material, and gradient density honeycomb core polypropylene, wherein the density of the gradient density honeycomb core polypropylene gradually increases from the center to the outside; sequentially stack the wood, lightweight foam template material and gradient density honeycomb core polypropylene layer by layer, then perform lamination, and add a curing agent modified diphenyl methane diisocyanate between each layer during lamination, control the lamination temperature to 170°C, the lamination pressure to 4MPa, and the lamination time to 3.8h, and obtain a sandwich after lamination.

[0042] S3: lightweight building template material preparation: embed a micro air bag in the sandwich prepared in step S2, then place the sandwich with the embedded micro air bag into a curing oven for curing, set the curing temperature to 100°C, and the curing time to 3h, then take out the sandwich after curing and polish the surface to obtain a lightweight building template material.

[0043] Example 6: A method for preparing a lightweight building template material with adjustable elasticity, comprising the following steps:

[0044] S1 raw material preparation: clean and polish the surface of the wood to remove impurities and dry it; anneal the memory metal and add it to the polyurethane foam raw material liquid for soaking, wherein the mass ratio of memory metal to polyurethane foam is 1:100, then add a foaming agent to control the foaming temperature to 55°C, and the foaming time is 3h, to generate a lightweight foam template material.

[0045] S2: sandwich manufacturing: use laser cutting technology to cut the wood treated in step S1 and the lightweight foam template material, and gradient density honeycomb core polypropylene, wherein the density of the gradient density honeycomb core polypropylene gradually increases from the center to the outside; sequentially stack the wood, lightweight foam template material and gradient density honeycomb core polypropylene layer by layer, then perform lamination, and add a curing agent modified diphenyl methane diisocyanate between each layer during lamination, control the lamination temperature to 175°C, the lamination pressure to 4.5MPa, and the lamination time to 4h, and obtain a sandwich after lamination.

[0046] S3: Preparing the lightweight building template material: embedding the micro air bag in the sandwich prepared in step S2, and then placing the sandwich with the embedded micro air bag into a curing oven for curing, setting the curing temperature to 100°C; the curing time is 3h, and after the curing is completed, the surface is polished to obtain the lightweight building template material.

[0047] Example 7: A method for preparing a lightweight building template material with adjustable elasticity, comprising the following steps:

[0048] S1: Preparing raw materials: cleaning, polishing and drying the wood surface; annealing the memory metal and adding it to the polyurethane foam raw material solution for soaking, wherein the mass ratio of memory metal to polyurethane foam is 1:100, then adding a foaming agent to control the foaming temperature to 60°C, and the foaming time is 3h, to generate a lightweight foam template material.

[0049] S2: Manufacturing a sandwich: cutting the wood treated in step S1 and the lightweight foam template material, and the gradient density honeycomb core polypropylene using laser cutting technology, wherein the density of the gradient density honeycomb core polypropylene gradually increases from the center to the outside; sequentially stacking the wood, the lightweight foam template material and the gradient density honeycomb core polypropylene layer by layer, and then laminating, and adding a curing agent, modified diphenyl methane diisocyanate, between each layer during lamination, controlling the lamination temperature to 170°C, the lamination pressure to 5MPa, and the lamination time to 4h, and obtaining the sandwich after lamination.

[0050] S3: Preparing the lightweight building template material: embedding the micro air bag in the sandwich prepared in step S2, and then placing the sandwich with the embedded micro air bag into a curing oven for curing, setting the curing temperature to 100°C; the curing time is 3h, and after the curing is completed, the surface is polished to obtain the lightweight building template material.

[0051] Example 8: In step S1, no memory metal is added, and the remaining steps and experimental conditions are the same as those in example 5.

[0052] Example 9: The density of the gradient density honeycomb core polypropylene used in step S2 sandwich manufacturing gradually increases from the outside to the center, and the remaining steps and experimental conditions are the same as those in example 5.

[0053] Example 10: The density of the gradient density honeycomb core polypropylene used in step S2 sandwich manufacturing is uniformly distributed, and the remaining steps and experimental conditions are the same as those in example 5.

[0054] Example 11: No micro air bag is embedded in step S2 sandwich manufacturing, and the remaining steps and experimental conditions are the same as those in example 5.

[0055] The lightweight building template materials prepared in examples 1-11 are subjected to performance detection, and the detection data are shown in the following table:

[0056]

[0057] From the detection data of the above table, it can be seen that the light building template material with adjustable elasticity prepared in Examples 1-7 has a gradually increasing trend of elastic modulus with the increase of the content of memory metal and the optimization of the preparation conditions, because the introduction of memory alloy improves the rigidity of the material and increases its elastic recovery ability when stretched. The material with higher memory alloy content has higher maximum strain value and can produce larger deformation when stretched, and has good adjustability. Example 8 is a light building template material with adjustable elasticity prepared without adding memory metal, and its maximum strain value decreases significantly, which further shows that the introduction of memory alloy improves the deformation ability of the material. Examples 9 and 10 change the density distribution of the gradient honeycomb core polypropylene, and from the detection results of Examples 9 and 10, it can be seen that the density distribution of the gradient honeycomb core polypropylene has a high influence on the elastic modulus, maximum strain value and shock absorption rate of the light building template material. Example 11 does not add a micro air bag, and from the detection data of Example 11, it can be seen that when the micro air bag is not added, it will affect the elastic modulus, maximum strain value and shock absorption rate of the light building template material, but the influence is smaller than that of the density distribution of the gradient honeycomb core polypropylene.

[0058] Obviously, the above examples are only examples for clarity, and are not limitations on the embodiments. Based on the above description, other different forms of changes or variations can also be made by those of ordinary skill in the art. It is not necessary and impossible to enumerate all the embodiments. The obvious changes or variations derived therefrom are still within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method of making a lightweight construction form material having adjustable elasticity, characterized by, The method comprises the following steps: S1 raw material preparation: clean and polish the wood surface, remove impurities and dry; S1 raw material preparation: clean and polish the wood surface, remove impurities and dry; S1 raw material preparation: clean and polish the wood surface, remove impurities and dry; S2 sandwich manufacturing: cut the wood, light foam template material and gradient density honeycomb core polypropylene treated in step S1 by laser cutting technology, stack the wood, light foam template material and gradient density honeycomb core polypropylene layer by layer, and add curing agent between each layer during lamination, control the lamination temperature and pressure, and obtain the sandwich after lamination. S3 light building template material preparation: embed micro airbags in the sandwich prepared in step S2, then put the sandwich with embedded micro airbags into a curing oven for curing, set the curing temperature and curing time, take out the surface after curing, and polish the surface to obtain the light building template material.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the lightweight formwork material having adjustable elasticity is prepared by the steps of: The density of the gradient density honeycomb core polypropylene gradually increases from the center to the outside. ​ 3. The method for preparing a lightweight building formwork material with adjustable elasticity according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the S1 raw material preparation step, the memory metal is a nickel-titanium alloy.

4. The method for preparing a lightweight building formwork material with adjustable elasticity according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the S1 raw material preparation step, the foaming temperature is 30-60℃.

5. The method for preparing a lightweight building formwork material with adjustable elasticity according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the S1 raw material preparation step, the foaming time after adding the foaming agent is 2-3h.

6. The method for preparing a lightweight building formwork material with adjustable elasticity according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the S1 raw material preparation step, the mass ratio of memory metal to polyurethane foam is 1: (90-100).

7. The method for preparing a lightweight building formwork material with adjustable elasticity according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the S2 sandwich manufacturing step, the curing agent is modified diphenyl methane diisocyanate, which is a modification of the activity of the isocyanate group on diphenyl methane diisocyanate.

8. The method for preparing a lightweight building formwork material with adjustable elasticity according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the S2 sandwich manufacturing step, the lamination temperature is 150-180℃.

9. The method for preparing a lightweight building formwork material with adjustable elasticity according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the S2 sandwich manufacturing step, the lamination pressure is 2-5MPa. In the S3 light building template material preparation step, the curing temperature is 80-100℃; the curing time is 1-3h.

10. A light building template material with adjustable elasticity prepared by the method of any one of claims 1-9.

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