Mechanized horizontal layering upward drift type stope arrangement structure and cemented filling mining method

Abstract

The invention provides a mechanical horizontal layering upward drift type stope arrangement structure and a cemented filling mining method.The mechanical horizontal layering upward drift type stope arrangement structure comprises a plurality of stopes arranged in the trend of an ore body; each layer in the stope comprises a central area, and an internal area and an edge area which are symmetrically arranged on the two sides of the central area from inside to outside; the marginal area comprises two adjacent first routes, the internal area comprises first routes and second routes which are arranged at intervals, the second routes are arranged at the junctions of the internal area and the marginal area and the central area, and the central area comprises 1-3 first routes; the width of the first route is smaller than that of the second route, and a point column is arranged in the second route. Through mutual cooperation of the specific stope layout structure and the specific stoping sequence, the safety, the high efficiency and the high recovery rate in the ore body stoping process are best matched.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of underground mine mining, and in particular to a mechanized horizontal slicing upward drift stope layout structure and a cemented filling mining method. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous deepening of the mine mining depth, the in-situ stress and deep geological structure in the "three highs and one disturbance" will cause the surrounding rock and ore body to be broken, seriously affecting the safety and mining efficiency of the stoping face. Affected by the fragmentation of the surrounding rock and ore body, if the width of the stope drift is set to be narrow during the stoping process, although the safety of stoping can be improved, the narrow stope drift will affect the stoping efficiency; if the width of the stope drift is set to be wide during the stoping process and point pillars are set at the same time, although the stoping efficiency can be improved, the setting of a large number of point pillars will reduce the ore recovery rate, that is, a single narrow drift or a single wide drift cannot achieve safe, efficient and high-recovery stoping of ore. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the technical problems existing in the background art, the present application provides a mechanized horizontal slicing upward drift stope layout structure and a cemented filling mining method, aiming to solve the technical problem that a single narrow drift or a single wide drift cannot achieve safe, efficient and high-recovery stoping of ore.

[0004] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a mechanized horizontal slicing upward drift stope layout structure, including a plurality of stopes arranged along the strike of the ore body. Each slice in the stope includes a central area, an inner area and an edge area symmetrically arranged on both sides of the central area from inside to outside; the edge area includes two adjacent first drifts, the inner area includes the first drifts and second drifts arranged at intervals, the boundaries between the inner area and the edge area and the central area are all the second drifts, and the central area includes 1 to 3 first drifts; the width of the first drift is smaller than the width of the second drift, and point pillars are provided in the second drift.

[0005] In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, by dividing each layer into a first drift with a relatively narrow width and a second drift with a relatively wide width, and the edge area includes two adjacent first drifts. When mining back from both sides to the center of the layer, it can ensure the safe, efficient, and high-recovery mining of the first drifts on both sides; at the same time, the central area with the highest stress and the worst stability in the central area includes 1 to 3 first drifts, which can ensure the safe and efficient mining of the central area; the internal area is arranged as first drifts and second drifts arranged at intervals, and it is ensured that the junctions of the internal area with the edge area and the central area are all second drifts, so that the number of the second drifts with a relatively wide width is the largest, and point columns are set in the second drifts to ensure the safe mining of the second drifts, so that the best match is achieved among the safety, efficiency, and high recovery rate during the ore body mining process.

[0006] In some embodiments, the point columns in the two second drifts near both sides of the central area are arranged on the side close to the central area; the point columns in the remaining second drifts are arranged in a staggered manner on both sides of the second drift.

[0007] In this embodiment, according to the stress distribution of different areas, the point columns are arranged as much as possible in the stress concentration area to improve the safety of mining; through the staggered arrangement of the point columns, the stress can be better dispersed, thereby improving the safety of mining.

[0008] In some embodiments, the maximum width of the second drift is 0 - 0.5 m smaller than the limit span of the drift, and the width of the first drift is not less than the width of the ore drawing machinery.

[0009] In this embodiment, by reasonably setting the width of the second drift, on the premise of ensuring safety, the width of the second drift is widened as much as possible to improve the mining efficiency; by reasonably setting the width of the first drift, the safety of mining and the recovery rate of the ore are improved.

[0010] In some embodiments, an in-vein connecting drift arranged along the ore body strike is provided near the footwall of the stope; the width of the in-vein connecting drift is 50 - 100 cm wider than the width of the transportation equipment, and the width of the in-vein connecting drift ≤ the width of the first drift.

[0011] In this embodiment, by setting the in-vein connecting drift and using the in-vein connecting drift as the ore drawing roadway, the setting of the out-of-vein ore drawing roadway is reduced, and the mining efficiency is improved; due to the long service time of the in-vein connecting drift, by reasonably controlling the width of the in-vein connecting drift, while ensuring smooth ore drawing, the width of the in-vein connecting drift is minimized as much as possible to improve the safety of mining.

[0012] In some embodiments, an upper wall roof protection ore layer arranged along the ore body strike is provided near the upper wall ore body boundary of the stope; the thickness of the upper wall roof protection ore layer is 20 - 50 cm.

[0013] In this embodiment, by setting a roof protection ore layer near the hanging wall in the stope, the influence of unstable hanging wall surrounding rock on the stoping process is avoided, ensuring the smooth stoping of the slices.

[0014] Secondly, the embodiment of the present application provides a mechanized horizontal slicing upward drift cemented filling mining method. The stope is arranged by using the mechanized horizontal slicing upward drift stope layout structure provided in the first aspect of the present application, including the following steps:

[0015] S1. Stoping and filling the two first drifts located on both sides in the slice;

[0016] S2. Sequentially stoping and filling the second drifts from both sides of the slice towards the middle until two second drifts near both sides of the central area are left;

[0017] S3. Sequentially stoping and filling the first drifts from both sides of the slice towards the middle until two first drifts near both sides of the central area are left;

[0018] S4. Stoping and filling one of the remaining second drifts in step S2 and one of the remaining first drifts in step S3. One of the stoped second drift and one of the first drift are located on both sides of the central area;

[0019] S5. Stoping and filling the remaining one second drift and the remaining one first drift;

[0020] S6. Stoping and filling the first drift in the central area;

[0021] S7. Stoping and filling the remaining slices and the remaining stopes.

[0022] In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, through the mutual cooperation of the specific stope layout structure and the specific stoping sequence, the best match is achieved among the safety, efficiency, and high recovery rate during the ore body stoping process.

[0023] In some embodiments, in step S6, adjacent first drifts cannot be stoped simultaneously.

[0024] In this embodiment, adjacent first drifts cannot be stoped simultaneously, which can ensure the safe stoping of the high-stress central area.

[0025] In some embodiments, in step S1, the two first headings are mined simultaneously; in step S2, the two symmetric second headings are mined simultaneously; in step S3, the two symmetric first headings are mined simultaneously; in step S4, one second heading and one first heading are mined simultaneously; in step S5, the remaining one second heading and the remaining one first heading are mined simultaneously.

[0026] In this embodiment, by simultaneously mining different headings, the mining efficiency is greatly improved on the premise of ensuring safety.

[0027] In some embodiments, during the mining of the first heading and the second heading, artificial columns are arranged on both side walls of the first heading and the second heading at intervals of 1 - 2 m, and the height of the artificial columns is equal to the height of the first heading and the second heading.

[0028] In this embodiment, to ensure the safety of the roof, artificial columns are set in the goaf to support the first heading and the second heading, improving the stability of the roof; by reasonably controlling the position of the artificial columns, the stability of the filling body is improved, providing favorable conditions for the safe mining of adjacent headings, while avoiding the scraping of mechanical equipment and the influence of blasting shock waves when mining adjacent headings, and at the same time avoiding occupying the goaf after the excavation of adjacent headings, which is convenient for controlling the width of the goaf.

[0029] In some embodiments, in each second heading, the distance between the point pillar near the upper ore body or the lower ore body and the boundary of the upper ore body or the lower ore body is not greater than the limit span of the heading.

[0030] In this embodiment, by reasonably setting the distance between the point pillar and the two boundaries perpendicular to the ore body strike of the second heading, the safety of mining is further improved.

[0031] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present application. In order to be able to understand the technical means of the present application more clearly, it can be implemented according to the content of the specification. And in order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and understandable, the following specifically gives the specific embodiments of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present application, the drawings used in the present application will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the following described drawings are only some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0033] Figure 1 It is a top view of the layout structure of a certain stratified heading stope in the embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Figure 2 It is a side view of the horizontal slicing drift cemented filling mining method in the embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Figure 3 is Figure 2 a sectional view taken along the line II-II in

[0036] Explanation of reference numerals: 1 - stope; 2 - crosscut in vein; 3 - hanging wall roof protection ore layer; 4 - stope crosscut; 5 - out-of-vein haulage drift; 6 - pillar; 7 - footwall; 11 - edge area; 12 - internal area; 13 - central area; 14 - first drift; 15 - second drift; 16 - point pillar. Detailed implementation manners

[0037] Hereinafter, embodiments of the technical solutions of the present application will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and thus are only examples and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present application.

[0038] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the technical field to which this application belongs; the terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application; the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof in the description of the specification, claims and drawings of this application are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0039] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, technical terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish different objects and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity, specific order or primary-secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of the present application, "a plurality of" means more than two unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0040] Referring to "embodiment" herein means that a specific feature, structure or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The phrase appears in various places in the specification and does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. Those skilled in the art explicitly and implicitly understand that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0041] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the orientation or positional relationship indicated by technical terms such as "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "top", "bottom", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation to the embodiments of the present application.

[0042] With the continuous deepening of the mining depth of the mine, the in-situ stress and deep geological structures in the "three highs and one disturbance" will cause the surrounding rock and ore body to be broken, seriously affecting the safety and mining efficiency of the stoping face. Affected by the fragmentation of the surrounding rock and ore body, a single narrow drift or a single "wide drift + point pillar" cannot achieve safe, efficient, and high-recovery mining of ore.

[0043] To solve the technical problems of safe, efficient, and high-recovery mining of fractured rock masses, the present application provides a mechanized horizontal slicing upward drift stope layout structure and a cemented filling mining method. Among them, each slice is divided into a first drift with a relatively narrow width and a second drift with a relatively wide width, and the edge area includes two adjacent first drifts. When mining from both sides to the center of the slice, it can ensure safe, efficient, and high-recovery mining of the first drifts on both sides; at the same time, the center area with the highest stress and the worst stability in the center area includes 1 to 3 first drifts, which can ensure safe and efficient mining in the center area; the internal area is arranged with first drifts and second drifts arranged at intervals, and it is ensured that the junctions of the internal area with the edge area and the center area are all second drifts, so that the number of second drifts with a relatively wide width is the largest, and point pillars are set in the second drifts to ensure the safe mining of the second drifts, so as to achieve the best match among safety, efficiency, and high recovery rate during the ore body mining process.

[0044] Please refer to Figure 1 , in the first aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a mechanized horizontal slicing upward drift stope layout structure, including a plurality of stopes 1 arranged along the ore body strike. Each slice in the stope 1 includes a center area 13, and an internal area 12 and an edge area 11 symmetrically arranged on both sides of the center area 13 from inside to outside; the edge area 11 includes two adjacent first drifts 14, the internal area 12 includes first drifts 14 and second drifts 15 arranged at intervals, the junctions of the internal area 12 with the edge area 11 and the center area 13 are all second drifts 15, and the center area 13 includes 1 to 3 first drifts 14; the width of the first drift 14 is less than the width of the second drift 15, and point pillars 16 are arranged in the second drift 15. Specifically, Figure 1 the direction of the arrow in Figure 1Only one stope 1 is shown. In actual production, the ore body is divided into several stopes according to the length of the ore body. Then, according to the length of the stope, several first drifts 14 and second drifts 15 are divided in each stope. It is advisable that the numbers of the first drifts 14 and the second drifts 15 are integer. The first drifts 14 and the second drifts 15 are arranged perpendicular to the strike of the ore body.

[0045] In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, first, the ore body is divided into several stopes 1 along the strike of the ore body. Then, different drifts are arranged in each level of the stope 1. Specifically, each level is divided into a first drift 14 with a narrower width and a second drift 15 with a wider width. First, it is ensured that the edge area 11 includes two adjacent first drifts 14. When the level is mined from both sides to the center, regardless of whether the adjacent stopes 1 have been mined and backfilled (the strength of the backfill is less than the strength of the unmined ore body), since both sides are first drifts 14 with a narrower width and at least one side of the first drift 14 is an unmined ore body, the safe, efficient, and high-recovery mining of the first drifts 14 on both sides (i.e., drift 14-1 and drift 14-1') can be guaranteed. Then, it is ensured that the center area includes 1 to 3 first drifts 14. Since the stress in the center area is the highest and the stability is the worst, setting the center area 13 as first drifts 14 with a narrower width can ensure the safe and efficient mining of the center area 13. At the same time, the internal area 12 is arranged as first drifts 14 and second drifts 15 arranged at intervals, and it is ensured that the junctions of the internal area 12 with the edge area 11 and the center area 13 are all second drifts 15, so that the number of the second drifts 15 with a wider width is the largest, thereby greatly improving the mining efficiency. At the same time, point pillars 16 are set in the second drifts 15 to prevent large deformation and displacement that may occur during the mining of the second drifts 15, improve safety, and ensure the safe mining of the second drifts 15. That is, through the collaborative arrangement structure of the first drifts 14 and the second drifts 15 in the present application, compared with the single-arranged first drifts 14 and the single-arranged second drifts 15, the best matching among safety, efficiency, and high recovery rate during the ore body mining process is achieved. In addition, arranging the first drifts 14 and the second drifts 15 perpendicular to the strike of the ore body can be applicable to the mining of thick and large ore bodies.

[0046] Further, as Figure 1As shown, in some embodiments, the point pillars 16 in two second headings 15, namely heading 15-2 and heading 15-3, on both sides of the central region 13 are arranged on the side close to the central region 13; the point pillars 16 in the remaining second headings 15 are arranged in a staggered manner on both sides of the second heading 15. Specifically, the principle for arranging the point pillars 16 is: according to the geological conditions, the point pillars 16 are preferentially arranged in dangerous areas such as faults, fracture zones, and fissures. The number and position of the point pillars 16 are obtained in the following way: first, analyze the rock mass mechanical properties of the surrounding rock of the stope 1 in the early stage and the stability of the roof of the mined headings, and then preliminarily estimate the number, position, and size of the point pillars 16 based on experience; then perform numerical simulation analysis on the estimated data and adjust to obtain the final parameters. The point pillars 16 in adjacent different layers are arranged in a staggered manner in the vertical space.

[0047] In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, according to the characteristic of high stress in the central region 13, the point pillars 16 in two second headings 15 on both sides of the central region 13 are arranged on the side close to the central region 13; that is, the point pillars 16 are arranged as close as possible in the stress concentration area, which can improve the safety of stoping. The point pillars 16 in the remaining second headings 15 are arranged in a staggered manner on both sides of the second heading 15. By arranging them in a staggered manner, the stress can be better dispersed, thereby improving the safety of stoping. In addition, priority is given to arranging the point pillars 16 in dangerous areas to further improve the safety of stoping.

[0048] Further, in some embodiments, the width of the second heading 15 is 0 - 0.5 m smaller than the ultimate span of the heading, the width of the first heading 14 is not less than the width of the ore-drawing machinery, and the width of the first heading 14 is generally 3 - 4 m. Specifically, the ultimate span of the heading is the maximum horizontal straight-line distance of the exposed surface of the heading roof, that is, the distance between the side walls on one side of the heading and the other side wall. The specific value of the ultimate span of the heading can be preliminarily determined according to the rock mass mechanical properties of the ore body and combined with numerical simulation analysis, and then optimized secondly in combination with the stability of the roof of the mined headings.

[0049] In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, by setting the width of the second heading 15 to be 0 - 0.5 m smaller than the span of the heading, while ensuring safety, the width of the second heading 15 is widened as much as possible, thereby reducing the number of headings in the same layer, reducing the number of stoping cycles, and improving the stoping efficiency. By setting the width of the first heading 14 to be 3 - 4 m, the relatively narrow first heading 14 can improve the safety of stoping and the recovery rate of ore.

[0050] Further, in some embodiments, such as Figures 2 - 3As shown in the figure, an in-vein connecting drift 2 arranged along the strike of the ore body is provided near the footwall 7 of the stope 1; the width of the in-vein connecting drift 2 is 50 - 100 m wider than the width of the transportation equipment. Due to the long service time of the in-vein connecting drift 2, the width of the in-vein connecting drift 2 ≤ the width of the first drift 14. Specifically, in actual production, when the stress distribution in the stope is relatively uniform and the stability is good, when mining each level, it is preferred to set the in-vein connecting drift 2 near the footwall 7 of the stope 1. If the stability of the stope is poor, in order to ensure safety, the in-vein connecting drift 2 is not set at this time, but an out-of-vein ore-drawing roadway (not shown in the figure) is set outside the vein. Whether the conditions for setting the in-vein connecting drift 2 are met can be confirmed according to the geological conditions and the mechanical properties of the ore body rock mass in combination with the previous numerical simulation experiments. Since the in-vein connecting drift 2 needs to serve until the end of the level mining and the service time is long, the safety requirements for the in-vein connecting drift 2 are relatively high. In order to meet the safety requirements, the width of the in-vein connecting drift 2 is minimized as much as possible on the premise of ensuring the ore drawing by mechanical equipment. It can be understood that conventional support such as rock bolts, anchor nets and cables needs to be carried out in the in-vein connecting drift 2. Figure 2 The first drift 14 marked can also be the second drift 15.

[0051] In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, by setting the in-vein connecting drift 2 near the footwall 7 of the stope 1 and using the in-vein connecting drift 2 as the ore-drawing roadway, the setting of the out-of-vein ore-drawing roadway is reduced, the mining and cutting engineering is reduced, and the mining efficiency is improved. By reasonably controlling the width of the in-vein connecting drift 2, while ensuring the smooth ore drawing, the width of the in-vein connecting drift 2 is minimized as much as possible to improve the safety of stoping.

[0052] Further, in some embodiments, as Figure 2 shown, a hanging-wall roof-protecting ore layer 3 arranged along the strike of the ore body is provided near the hanging-wall ore body boundary of the stope 1; the thickness of the hanging-wall roof-protecting ore layer 3 is 20 - 50 cm. It can be understood that when the hanging wall is unstable, a hanging-wall roof-protecting ore layer 3 arranged along the strike of the ore body needs to be provided near the hanging-wall ore body boundary of the stope 1 to avoid the influence of the unstable hanging-wall surrounding rock on the stoping process and ensure the smooth stoping of each level. When the hanging wall is stable, there is no need to set the hanging-wall roof-protecting ore layer 3 to improve the ore recovery rate.

[0053] In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, by setting the hanging-wall roof-protecting ore layer 3 near the hanging wall of the stope 1, the influence of the unstable hanging-wall surrounding rock on the stoping process is avoided, and the smooth stoping of each level is ensured.

[0054] Secondly, please refer to Figure 1 , the embodiment of the present application provides a mechanized horizontal cut-and-fill stoping method with upward drifts. The stope 1 is arranged according to the mechanized horizontal cut-and-fill stope layout structure provided in the first aspect of the present application, including the following steps:

[0055] S1. Mine and backfill the two first headings 14 on both sides in the slicing, namely the mining and backfilling heading 14-1 and heading 14-1'. Before backfilling, set filling bulkheads at the heading openings of heading 14-1 and heading 14-1'.

[0056] S2. Mine and backfill the second headings 15 from both sides of the slicing towards the middle in sequence until there are two second headings 15 remaining on both sides near the central area 13; namely the mining and backfilling heading 15-1 and heading 15-1'. Headings 15-2 and 15-3 are not mined temporarily.

[0057] S3. Mine and backfill the above-mentioned first headings 14 from both sides of the slicing towards the middle in sequence until there are two first headings 14 remaining on both sides near the central area 13; namely the mining and backfilling heading 14-2 and heading 14-2'. Headings 14-3 and 14-4 are not mined temporarily.

[0058] S4. Mine and backfill one of the second headings 15 remaining in step S2 and one of the first headings 14 remaining in step S3. The mined second heading 15 and first heading 14 are on both sides of the central area 13; namely mine and backfill heading 15-2 and heading 14-4, or mine and backfill heading 15-3 and heading 14-3.

[0059] S5. Mine and backfill the remaining one second heading 15 and the remaining one first heading 14; namely when mining and backfilling heading 15-2 and heading 14-4 in step S4, then in step S5, mine and backfill heading 15-3 and heading 14-3; namely when mining and backfilling heading 15-3 and heading 14-3 in step S4, then in step S5, mine and backfill heading 15-2 and heading 14-4.

[0060] S6. Mine and backfill the first headings 14 in the central area 13; namely mine and backfill heading 14-5, heading 14-6 and heading 14-7.

[0061] S7. Mine the remaining slicings and the remaining stopes 1. Specifically, different slicings adopt the mining sequence from bottom to top. The mined ore is transported to the surface through the in-vein crosscut 2, the stope crosscut 4 and the out-of-vein haulage drift 5 in sequence. As Figure 2 shown, there are barrier pillars 6 between adjacent stopes 1. The barrier pillars 6 are only for distinguishing different stopes 1. When mining the stope 1, the barrier pillars 6 will be mined simultaneously. It can be understood that ventilation shafts, out-of-vein haulage drifts 5, etc. belong to conventional development and cutting works and will not be elaborated here.

[0062] In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, first, the drifts 14-1 and 14-1' are mined back according to step S1. Regardless of whether the adjacent stope 1 has been mined and filled (the strength of the filling body is less than the strength of the unmined ore body), the widths of the drifts 14-1 and 14-1' are relatively narrow, and at least one side of the first drift 14 is an unmined ore body. Therefore, it can ensure the safe, efficient, and high-recovery mining of the drifts 14-1 and 14-1'; then, according to step S2, the second drifts 15 are mined and filled from both sides of the layer to the middle in turn until there are two second drifts 15 remaining on both sides of the area close to the central region 13. In the area where the second drifts 15 and the first drifts 14 are arranged at intervals, the second drifts 15 with a wider width are preferentially mined to ensure that both sides of the second drifts 15 are unmined ore bodies. With the mutual cooperation of the stable ore body and the point pillars 16, the efficient and safe mining of the second drifts 15 is realized; then, according to step S3, the drifts 15-2 and 14-4 are mined and filled, or the drifts 15-3 and 14-3 are mined and filled. Then, according to step S4, the remaining one first drift 14 and one second drift 15 are mined. Compared with mining the two second drifts 15 first and then the two first drifts 14, the relative stability of the central region 13 can be ensured while achieving safe and efficient mining; finally, the first drift 14 in the central region 13 is mined. Through the mutual cooperation of the specific stope layout structure and the specific mining sequence, the best match is achieved among the safety, efficiency, and high recovery rate during the ore body mining process.

[0063] Further, in some embodiments, in step S6, the adjacent first drifts 14 cannot be mined simultaneously. Specifically, the drift 14-5 is mined first, then the drift 14-7 is mined, and finally the drift 14-6 is mined.

[0064] In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, the adjacent first drifts 14 cannot be mined simultaneously, which can ensure the safe mining of the central region 13 with high stress; by mining the side drifts 14-5 and 14-7 first and then the central drift 14-6, the drift 14-6 with the highest stress is mined last (during the mining process of the drift 14-6, artificial pillars need to be densified, that is, the interval between the artificial pillars is reduced, and at the same time, the roof of the drift 14-6 is supported by anchor nets and cables to ensure the safety of the mined drift), improving the mining safety.

[0065] Further, in some embodiments, in step S1, two first headings 14 are mined simultaneously, i.e., heading 14-1 and heading 14-1' are mined simultaneously; in step S2, two symmetric second headings 15 are mined simultaneously, i.e., heading 15-1 and heading 15-1' are mined simultaneously; in step S3, two symmetric first headings 14 are mined simultaneously, i.e., heading 14-2 and heading 14-2' are mined simultaneously; in step S4, one second heading 15 and one first heading 14 are mined simultaneously, i.e., heading 15-2 and heading 14-4 are mined simultaneously, or heading 15-3 and heading 14-3 are mined simultaneously; in step S5, the remaining one second heading 15 and the remaining one first heading 14 are mined simultaneously.

[0066] In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, by simultaneously mining different headings, the mining efficiency is greatly improved on the premise of ensuring safety.

[0067] Further, in some embodiments, during the mining of the first heading 14 and the second heading 15, in order to ensure the safety of the roof, artificial columns are set at intervals of 1 - 1.5 m on both sides of all the first headings 14 and the second headings 15, and the height of the artificial columns is equal to the height of the first heading 14 and the second heading 15. Specifically, the artificial columns can be wooden columns, and the artificial columns are set for support while mining.

[0068] In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, by setting artificial columns in the goaf to support the goaf, the stability of the roof is improved; the artificial columns are poured into the filling body to improve the stability of the filling body and make it easier to fill and contact the roof, so that the mined headings are safe, providing favorable conditions for the safe mining of adjacent headings; the artificial columns are set on both side walls of the mining heading to avoid the scraping of mechanical equipment and the influence of blasting shock waves when mining this heading.

[0069] Further, in some embodiments, in each second heading 15, the distance between the point pillar 16 close to the upper ore body or the lower ore body and the boundary of the upper ore body or the lower ore body is not greater than the limit span of the heading.

[0070] In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, by reasonably setting the distance between the point pillar 16 and the two boundaries of the second heading 15 perpendicular to the ore body strike, the safety of mining is further improved.

[0071] It should be noted that this application is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments are only examples, and embodiments with the same composition and the same function and effect as the technical idea within the scope of the technical solution of this application are all included in the technical scope of this application. In addition, within the scope of not departing from the gist of this application, various modifications that can be conceived by those skilled in the art to the embodiments, and other ways constructed by combining some of the constituent elements in the embodiments are also included in the scope of this application.

Claims

1. A mechanized horizontal slicing upward drift stope layout structure, characterized in that, It includes a number of stopes arranged along the strike of the ore body. Each level in the stope includes a central area, and an inner area and an edge area symmetrically arranged on both sides of the central area from the inside to the outside. The edge area includes two adjacent first headings. The inner area includes the first headings and the second headings arranged at intervals. The junctions of the inner area with the edge area and the central area are all the second headings. The central area includes 1 to 3 first headings. The width of the first heading is less than the width of the second heading, and ground pillars are arranged in the second headings.

2. The mechanized horizontal slicing upward drift stope layout structure according to claim 1, wherein, The ground pillars in the two second headings close to both sides of the central area are arranged on the side close to the central area; the ground pillars in the remaining second headings are arranged in a staggered manner on both sides of the second headings.

3. The mechanized horizontal slice upward drift stope layout structure according to claim 1, characterized in that The width of the second heading is 0 - 0.5 m less than the ultimate span of the heading, and the width of the first heading is not less than the width of the ore drawing machinery.

4. The mechanized horizontal slicing upward drift stope layout structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, An in-vein drift is arranged near the footwall of the stope along the strike of the ore body; the width of the in-vein drift is 50 - 100 cm wider than the width of the transportation equipment, and the width of the in-vein drift ≤ the width of the first heading.

5. The mechanized horizontal slicing upward drift stope layout structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, An upper wall roof protection ore layer is arranged along the strike of the ore body near the boundary of the upper wall ore body of the stope; the thickness of the upper wall roof protection ore layer is 20 - 50 cm.

6. A mechanized horizontal slicing upward drift cemented filling mining method, wherein the stope is arranged according to the mechanized horizontal slicing upward drift stope layout structure described in any one of claims 1-5. It includes the following steps: S1. Stop and fill the two first headings located on both sides in the level. S2. Stop and fill the second headings from both sides of the level towards the middle in turn until the two second headings close to both sides of the central area are left. S3. Stop and fill the first headings from both sides of the level towards the middle in turn until the two first headings close to both sides of the central area are left. S4. Stop and fill one of the second headings remaining in step S2 and one of the first headings remaining in step S3. The one second heading and one first heading to be stopped are located on both sides of the central area. S5. Stop and fill the remaining one second heading and the remaining one first heading. S6. Stop and fill the first headings in the central area. S7. Stop and fill the remaining levels and the remaining stopes.

7. The mechanized horizontal slicing upward drift cemented filling mining method according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step S6, adjacent first headings cannot be stopped simultaneously.

8. The mechanized horizontal slicing upward drift cemented filling mining method according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step S1, the two first headings are stopped simultaneously; in step S2, the two symmetric second headings are stopped simultaneously; in step S3, the two symmetric first headings are stopped simultaneously; in step S4, one second heading and one first heading are stopped simultaneously; in step S5, the remaining one second heading and the remaining one first heading are stopped simultaneously.

9. The mechanized horizontal slicing upward drift cemented filling mining method according to claim 6, characterized in that, During the process of stopping the first heading and the second heading, artificial columns are arranged at intervals of 1 - 2 m on both sides of the first heading and the second heading, and the height of the artificial columns is equal to the height of the first heading and the second heading.

10. The mechanized horizontal slicing upward drift cemented filling mining method according to claim 6, characterized in that, In each second heading, the distance between the ground pillar close to the upper wall ore body or the footwall ore body and the boundary of the upper wall ore body or the footwall ore body is not greater than the ultimate span of the heading.

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