Air bridge engineering construction support-free formwork system and construction method

Abstract

The invention provides an air bridge engineering construction support-free formwork erecting system and a construction method. The construction method comprises the steps that supporting bodies are poured on the two sides of an air bridge correspondingly, and the top faces of the supporting bodies on the two sides are flush; a plurality of I-shaped beams are erected on the tops of the supporting bodies on the two sides, the adjacent I-shaped beams are parallel to each other, and a gap is reserved between the adjacent I-shaped beams; a plurality of steel pipes are hung below the I-shaped beam, the steel pipes are arranged in the horizontal direction, the adjacent steel pipes are parallel to each other, and a gap is reserved between the adjacent steel pipes; a plurality of formworks are connected to the upper portions of every two adjacent steel pipes in a supporting mode, the formworks are arranged in the horizontal direction, every two adjacent formworks are connected through a connecting piece, a platform is formed after all the formworks are erected, and a space used for pouring concrete is reserved between the platform and the I-shaped beams. According to the construction method, the I-shaped beam is adopted as a suspension structure and is combined with the steel pipe and the formwork, working procedures are interspersed and alternately constructed, the construction efficiency and the construction safety can be improved, and the construction quality is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of coal mine mining, and particularly to a self - supporting formwork system for air crossing engineering construction and a construction method thereof. Background Technique

[0002] As the issues of low - carbon, energy - saving, and environmental protection are increasingly valued by the general public, the traditional reinforcement method of wooden square + round pipe is gradually phased out in the front line of construction projects. The traditional wooden square reinforcement materials have been gradually criticized due to various drawbacks such as few turnover times, complex operations, poor construction effects, and non - environmental protection. The self - supporting formwork system has many advantages that traditional materials cannot match, and at present, the formwork support and reinforcement method is often adopted.

[0003] The difficulties in traditional formwork support and reinforcement include: 1. The formwork is not firmly reinforced and the joints are not tight: Due to the loose joints of the formwork, slurry leakage occurs during concrete pouring, honeycombing appears on the concrete surface, and in severe cases, holes and exposed reinforcement may even occur. 2. The formwork reinforcement system collapses: The formwork reinforcement has small bearing capacity and is unstable. 3. Defects in formwork reinforcement: The surface is not perpendicular, the surface is uneven, slurry leakage, exposed reinforcement, and the corner formwork cannot be removed. 4. Axis displacement: When the formwork is removed after concrete pouring, it is found that the actual positions of columns and walls deviate from the building axis positions. 5. Elevation deviation: During measurement and inspection, it is found that there is a deviation between the elevation of the concrete structural layer or the elevation of embedded parts and reserved holes and the elevation designed in the construction drawing. 6. Structural deformation: After form removal, it is found that the concrete columns, beams, and walls show bulging, necking, or warping phenomena. 7. In underground mining projects, the traditional formwork process requires a large number of wooden squares, round pipes, fasteners, step - by - step clamps, U - shaped bolts, etc. The formwork reinforcement process is cumbersome and complex, consumes a large amount of manpower and material resources, is not environmentally friendly, and is prone to construction problems such as form explosion and slurry leakage. Especially for underground mining projects operating in restricted spaces, a large number of steel pipe supports are often difficult to handle and have many limitations. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems in the related technologies to some extent. Therefore, an embodiment of the present invention provides a self - supporting formwork system for air crossing engineering construction and a construction method thereof, which can ensure the construction quality, improve the construction efficiency and construction safety.

[0005] An embodiment of one aspect of the present invention provides a construction method of a self - supporting formwork system for air crossing engineering construction, including:

[0006] Pouring support bodies on both sides of the air crossing respectively, and the top surfaces of the support bodies on both sides are flush;

[0007] Installing a plurality of I - beams on the tops of the support bodies on both sides, and adjacent I - beams are parallel to each other and have a spacing;

[0008] Suspend several steel pipes below the I-beam. The steel pipes are arranged horizontally, and there is a space between adjacent steel pipes, and they are parallel to each other.

[0009] Support and connect several formworks above adjacent two steel pipes. The formworks are arranged horizontally, and adjacent two formworks are connected by connecting pieces. After all the formworks are erected, a platform is formed, and there is a space for pouring concrete between the platform and the I-beam.

[0010] In some embodiments, the steel pipes are suspended below the I-beam by several double-strand iron wires.

[0011] In some embodiments, the double-strand iron wires pass downward through the connection part between adjacent two formworks and tie the steel pipes.

[0012] In some embodiments, a layer of steel mesh is laid on both the upper and lower sides of the I-beam. The steel mesh is tied and fixed to the I-beam, and the steel pipes are suspended below the I-beam by double-strand iron wires on the steel mesh.

[0013] In some embodiments, when the length of the steel pipe is less than the distance between the support bodies on both sides of the air bridge, multiple sections of steel pipes are connected. The ends of adjacent two connected steel pipes are offset and closely abutted along the length direction and are tied and suspended by the same double-strand iron wire, and the upper end faces of the connected steel pipes are flush.

[0014] In some embodiments, the connecting piece is a buckle, and adjacent two formworks are detachably and fixedly connected by the buckle.

[0015] In some embodiments, when there is a gap between adjacent two formworks with a width greater than the outer diameter of the double-strand iron wire, the gap is blocked by a woven bag or gauze.

[0016] In some embodiments, the support body is a concrete wall.

[0017] In some embodiments, after the concrete walls on both sides of the air bridge reach the same strength, a loader is used in cooperation with a chain block to lift the I-beam, and the distance between adjacent two I-beams is 400 mm.

[0018] Another embodiment of the present invention provides a formwork support system without support for the construction of an air bridge project manufactured by using the above construction method. Description of the Drawings

[0019] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become obvious and easy to understand from the following description of the embodiments in conjunction with the drawings.

[0020] Among them:

[0021] Figure 1 is a flow chart of the construction method of the formwork support system without support for the construction of an air bridge project in the embodiments of the present invention; Detailed implementation manners

[0022] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below by referring to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0023] The air bridge project construction free-support formwork system and construction method according to the embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0024] As Figure 1 shown, an embodiment of the present invention on the one hand provides a construction method for an air bridge project construction free-support formwork system, including:

[0025] S1. Pour support bodies on both sides of the air bridge respectively, and the top surfaces of the support bodies on both sides are flush;

[0026] S2. Erect a plurality of I-beams on the tops of the support bodies on both sides, and the adjacent I-beams are parallel to each other and have a spacing therebetween;

[0027] S3. Hang a plurality of steel pipes below the I-beams. The steel pipes are arranged horizontally, and the adjacent steel pipes are parallel to each other and have a spacing therebetween;

[0028] S4. Support and connect a plurality of formworks above two adjacent steel pipes. The formworks are arranged horizontally, and two adjacent formworks are connected by connecting pieces. After all the formworks are erected, a platform is formed, and there is a space for pouring concrete between the platform and the I-beams.

[0029] The construction method of the embodiment of the present invention uses an I-beam as a suspension structure, combines it with steel pipes and formworks, and performs process interspersed and alternating construction, which can improve construction efficiency and construction safety and ensure construction quality.

[0030] The construction method of the embodiment of the present invention specifically has the following advantages:

[0031] (1) Strong applicability: Compared with the traditional support process, the construction method of the embodiment of the present invention is more adaptable to various complex and restricted construction environments, such as passing vehicles under the air bridge in the main roadway.

[0032] (2) Improved construction efficiency: The support structure of the free-support formwork system can be completed during the first formwork of the concrete structure, avoiding the time and cost of subsequent secondary erection, and at the same time facilitating the cleaning of sundries after pouring, and accelerating the construction period.

[0033] (3) High safety: The formwork is installed quickly, avoiding the problem of insufficient strength of the support system, thus effectively reducing the risk of collapse during construction and greatly improving the safety of personnel and equipment during construction.

[0034] (4) Ensure construction quality: By adjusting and correcting the horizontal or vertical deviation of the support bodies poured on both sides of the air bridge, the flatness of the air bridge roof can be effectively controlled to ensure construction quality.

[0035] (5) Little environmental impact: Various impacts during the construction process are relatively small, not affected by seasons and the environment. Especially, it can adapt to the construction environment with limited space, does not affect the traffic below the main roadway and the construction above at the air bridge location, and does not affect the operation of the main haulage system of the belt main roadway. At the same time, materials such as templates and steel pipes can be reused, no waste water is generated, and there is no environmental pollution, which can meet the high environmental protection requirements for the construction of underground mine engineering in mines.

[0036] (6) Cost reduction: Compared with the previous construction method of full hall formwork support, the number of steel pipes used in the construction method of the embodiment of the present invention is significantly reduced, and the required construction personnel are also correspondingly reduced. Therefore, the material cost and labor cost are significantly reduced.

[0037] Taking an air bridge with a length of 10.5 m and a width of 5.5 m as an example, if the construction method of full hall formwork support is adopted and calculated according to a spacing of 1.2 m, longitudinally, 10.5÷1.2 = 8.75≈9 steel pipes are required, and transversely, 5.5÷1.2 = 4.58≈5 steel pipes are required, that is, 5*9 = 45 steel pipes are needed. The length of each vertical pole is 3 m, and after the air bridge is poured, it is 3.6 m, so one pole needs to be lapped, thus 45*2 = 90 vertical poles are required; 3 layers of cross bars need to be erected. 4 cross bars are required in a single longitudinal row, with a total of 9 rows. 4*9 = 36 cross bars are needed as supports for a single layer, and 36*3 = 108 φ40 steel pipes are needed as vertical poles. Excluding the rakers, a total of 90 + 108 = 198 steel pipes are needed as full hall scaffolds. If the construction method of the embodiment of the present invention is adopted, 26 I-beams need to be erected for a 10.5 m long air bridge. The pouring width of the air bridge is 5.5 m, and 2 φ40 steel pipes with a length of 3 m are hung under each I-beam, and the steel pipes are hung in every other row. A total of 26÷2×2 = 26 steel pipes are needed. Savings in steel pipe material costs: Number of steel pipes × Unit price of steel pipes = (198 - 26)×119 = 20468 yuan.

[0038] For the 198 steel pipes that need to be erected in the full hall formwork support, 6 people are required to complete them in two shifts, and the cost per person is 500 yuan, so the total labor cost is 6*2*500 = 6000 yuan. In the construction method of the embodiment of the present invention, only 3 people are required to complete the erection of the 26 steel pipes in one shift, and the labor cost is 500*3 = 1500 yuan.

[0039] Furthermore, before construction, construction preparations are carried out, including the following contents:

[0040] (1) Technical preparations: Familiarize with and review the contents and technical requirements in the construction drawings, do a good job in the investigation and analysis of the original data, and conduct technical disclosure work for the construction team.

[0041] (2) Site preparation: Set up the construction operation area and the temporary storage areas for construction materials such as formwork and steel pipes.

[0042] (3) Preparation of materials and tools: Formwork, steel pipes, I-beams, wire, pliers, steel pipes, large boards, pipe clamps, etc. required for temporarily building a platform.

[0043] (4) Entry of construction machinery: Supporting equipment such as concrete pumps and loaders.

[0044] (5) Temporarily build a construction platform. The height of the construction platform shall not be less than 2.8 m to ensure that vehicles can pass under the construction platform.

[0045] Furthermore, in step S1, the top surfaces of the supporting bodies on both sides are leveled by pulling a wire, and the uneven parts are chiseled flat.

[0046] Furthermore, in step S2, use a stool to support the I-beam from below. The material of the I-beam is steel.

[0047] Furthermore, in step S2, use a level or spirit level to align the I-beam, and control the error within ±5 mm.

[0048] Furthermore, in step S3, the outer diameter of the steel pipe is 40 mm. The I-beams and steel pipes are arranged alternately. The distance between adjacent two steel pipes is 300 mm. Use a steel ruler to correct the distance between the steel pipe and the I-beam to ensure the same height, and control the error within ±5 mm.

[0049] Furthermore, in step S4, the width of a single formwork is 300 mm. The formwork is laid longitudinally, that is, laid in the direction perpendicular to a single I-beam. The formwork is corrected as it is laid to ensure the flatness between the formworks, and control the error within ±5 mm.

[0050] In some embodiments, steel pipes are hung below the I-beams by several double-strand wires.

[0051] Furthermore, 8# wire is used for the wire.

[0052] Furthermore, to ensure the supporting force and fastening degree of the formwork, increase the number of steel pipes and the binding density of the wires according to the actual situation.

[0053] In some embodiments, the double-strand wire passes downward through the connection between adjacent two formworks and binds the steel pipe.

[0054] In some embodiments, a layer of steel mesh is laid on both the upper and lower sides of the I-beam. The steel mesh is fixedly bound to the I-beam. The steel pipe is hung below the I-beam by a double-strand wire on the steel mesh.

[0055] By setting the steel mesh, a fulcrum is provided for wire binding.

[0056] In some embodiments, when the length of the steel pipe is less than the distance between the supports on both sides of the air bridge, multiple sections of steel pipes are joined. The ends of two adjacent joined steel pipes are offset and closely abutted along the length direction and are tied and suspended by the same double-strand wire, and the upper end faces of the joined steel pipes are flush.

[0057] In some embodiments, the connecting member is a buckle, and two adjacent templates are detachably and fixedly connected by the buckle.

[0058] In some embodiments, when there is a gap greater than the outer diameter of the double-strand wire between two adjacent templates, the gap is blocked with a woven bag or gauze. This can prevent leakage of concrete during pouring.

[0059] In some embodiments, the support is a concrete wall.

[0060] In some embodiments, after the concrete walls on both sides of the air bridge reach the same strength, a loader is used in cooperation with a chain block to lift the I-beam, and the distance between two adjacent I-beams is 400 mm.

[0061] Further, in step S2, the steps of installing the I-beam include:

[0062] (1) Use a special lifting bolt, slip a 13-ring 40T chain or a horseshoe ring onto the bolt, and use a nut to lock the chain. To prevent the chain from slipping, use a double set of nuts.

[0063] (2) After confirming safety, hang the chain block on the chain or the horseshoe ring. Lower the chain block so that the lifting chain and the hand chain hang naturally. After confirming safety, manually cooperate with the loader to carry the I-beam to the operation platform, tie and fix the I-beam with a 1T special lifting belt, and finally put the eyelet onto the hook of the chain block (the hook safety piece must be intact). A special person holds the chain block and the hand chain to make the lifting chain and the I-beam bear the force.

[0064] (3) Slip the steering strap (ordinary flat lifting belt) onto the I-beam at a position about 0.2 - 0.3 m from both ends of the I-beam.

[0065] (4) After confirming safety, except for the operator of the chain block and the person for steering the I-beam, the rest of the people withdraw from the lower part of the air bridge.

[0066] (5) Signal is sent to start lifting the I-beam. As the I-beam rises, the orientation of the I-beam is adjusted separately at both ends using steering straps to ensure that the I-beam does not get stuck on cables, pipelines, or walls. When the I-beam is lifted more than 0.1 m above the upper side of the air bridge wall body, stop pulling and adjusting. Use the steering straps to adjust the I-beam to cross the air bridge wall body at right angles. Send a special person to the construction platform to adjust the overlapping length and fine-tune the angle of the I-beam. The length of both ends of the I-beam overlapping the wall body is 0.5 m. Untie the straps at both ends, hold the I-beam by hand. After sending the signal for the I-beam to fall, the operator of the chain block slowly operates the chain until it is determined that the I-beam is completely placed on both side walls. The personnel holding the beam notify the operator of the chain block to loosen the chain a little more, remove the hook and lifting strap, adjust the I-beam, and continue to lift the next I-beam.

[0067] Another embodiment of the present invention provides an air bridge engineering construction free-support formwork system manufactured by using the above construction method.

[0068] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus cannot be understood as a limitation of the present invention.

[0069] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0070] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected to", "fixed", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or integrated; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or communication with each other; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly limited. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0071] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified or limited, the first feature being “on” or “under” the second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are indirectly in contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature being “above”, “over” and “on top of” the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the horizontal height of the first feature is higher than that of the second feature. The first feature being “under”, “below” and “beneath” the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the horizontal height of the first feature is less than that of the second feature.

[0072] In the present invention, the terms “one embodiment”, “some embodiments”, “example”, “specific example”, or “some examples” etc. mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, without contradiction, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0073] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those of ordinary skill in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A construction method of a formwork support-free formwork system for air bridge engineering, characterized in that, Including: Pour support bodies on both sides of the air bridge respectively, and the top surfaces of the support bodies on both sides are flush; Erect a number of I-beams on the tops of the support bodies on both sides. The adjacent I-beams are parallel to each other and have a spacing; Suspend a number of steel pipes below the I-beams. The steel pipes are arranged horizontally. The adjacent steel pipes are parallel to each other and have a spacing; Support and connect a number of formworks above the adjacent two steel pipes. The formworks are arranged horizontally. The adjacent two formworks are connected by connecting pieces. After all the formworks are erected, a platform is formed. There is a space for pouring concrete between the platform and the I-beams.

2. The construction method of the wind bridge project construction free-support formwork system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Suspend the steel pipes below the I-beams by a number of double-strand iron wires.

3. The construction method of the wind bridge project construction free-support formwork system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The double-strand iron wires pass downward through the connection part of the adjacent two formworks and tie the steel pipes.

4. The construction method of the wind bridge project construction free-support formwork system according to claim 3, characterized in that, Lay a layer of steel mesh on the upper and lower sides of the I-beams respectively. The steel mesh is tied and fixed to the I-beams. The steel pipes are suspended by the double-strand iron wires on the steel mesh located below the I-beams.

5. The construction method of the wind bridge project construction free-support formwork system according to claim 3, characterized in that, When the length of the steel pipe is less than the spacing between the support bodies on both sides of the air bridge, multiple sections of steel pipes are connected. The ends of the adjacent two connected sections of steel pipes are misaligned and closely abutted along the length direction and are tied and suspended by the same double-strand iron wire. The upper end surfaces of the connected steel pipes are flush.

6. The construction method of the wind bridge project construction free-support formwork system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connecting piece is a buckle. The adjacent two formworks are detachably and fixedly connected by the buckle.

7. The construction method of the wind bridge project construction free-support formwork system according to claim 2, characterized in that, When there is a gap greater than the outer diameter of the double-strand iron wire between the adjacent two formworks, use woven bags or gauze to block the gap.

8. The construction method of the wind bridge project construction free-support formwork system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support body is a concrete wall.

9. The construction method of the wind bridge project construction free-support formwork system according to claim 8, characterized in that, After the concrete walls on both sides of the air bridge reach the same strength, use a loader to cooperate with a chain block to lift the I-beams. The spacing between the adjacent two I-beams is 400mm.

10. An unsupported formwork system for air bridge engineering construction manufactured by using the construction method according to any one of claims 1-9.

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