Auxiliary equipment for shotcreting and anchoring concrete in tunnel

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of building construction equipment, particularly relates to tunnel shotcrete anchor concrete auxiliary equipment, and provides the following scheme aiming at the problems that the existing equipment cannot automatically adjust the nozzle distance according to the conditions of a vault and a side wall, and waste and work intensity increase are caused by shotcrete anchor material falling, the tunnel shotcrete anchor concrete auxiliary equipment comprises a movable base, two frame bodies are fixed to the top of the movable base, the same arc-shaped supporting plate is fixed to the outer walls of the two frame bodies, a movable groove is formed in the arc-shaped supporting plate, a telescopic arm is arranged in the movable groove in a sliding fit mode, and a box body is arranged at the top end of the telescopic arm. And when the rotating shaft drives the telescopic arm to rotate for shotcreting and anchoring, the supporting rod is matched with the arc-shaped convex plate so that the distance between the side wall, the arch crown and the nozzle can be automatically adjusted, shotcreting and anchoring operation can be better completed, and in addition, shotcreting and anchoring materials falling in the shotcreting and anchoring process are automatically collected into a collecting box.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of building construction equipment, and in particular to tunnel sprayed anchor concrete auxiliary equipment. Background Art

[0002] Shotcrete is a special type of concrete that combines the advantages of anchor support and shotcrete technology. It is widely used in the support and reinforcement of underground projects such as tunnels, slopes, foundation pits, and geotechnical engineering. Shotcrete is mainly composed of anchor rods, shotcrete, and possible added steel mesh. Anchor rods use their own strength and adhesive to anchor in the rock mass and are used to reinforce loose rock formations. Shotcrete uses high-pressure air to spray premixed materials onto the surface of the newly excavated rock mass to form a thin layer of concrete. When it is necessary to further enhance the support effect, steel mesh is added to the shotcrete and combined with the steel mesh to form an anchor-sprayed mesh structure.

[0003] However, the tunnel spraying operation in the prior art still has the following shortcomings: 1. During the anchor spraying process, the distance of the nozzle is directly controlled manually and is usually kept within the range of 1-1.2m for the arch and 0.6-1.2m for the side wall. The existing technology cannot automatically adjust the distance between the nozzle and the inner wall of the tunnel according to the specific conditions of the arch and the side wall.

[0004] 2. When spraying anchors, the sprayed anchor materials adhering to the arch and side walls tend to fall off, which not only causes a waste of sprayed anchor materials, but also requires manual cleaning by staff, further increasing the workload.

[0005] In view of the above problems, the present invention document proposes a tunnel shotcrete auxiliary equipment. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings of the existing failure to automatically adjust the nozzle distance according to the conditions of the arch and the side wall, the waste caused by the falling of the shotcrete, and the increased work intensity of the workers, and to propose a tunnel shotcrete auxiliary equipment.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A tunnel spraying concrete auxiliary equipment comprises a mobile base, two frames are fixed on the top of the mobile base, the outer walls of the two frames are fixed with the same arc-shaped support plate, a moving groove is provided in the arc-shaped support plate, a telescopic arm is slidably matched in the moving groove, a box body is provided on the top of the telescopic arm, and a plurality of nozzles are provided on the top of the box body for spraying concrete; It further includes two sliding rods fixed to both sides of the bottom of the box body, and the two sliding rods are respectively located on both sides of the moving groove. The outer walls of the two sliding rods are both sleeved with support rods in a sliding manner. The bottom ends of the two support rods are both in contact with the top of the arc-shaped support plate. The cooperation of the sliding rods and the support rods is used to control the distance between the nozzle and the vault and the side wall; It further includes a base fixed to the top of the moving base. A rotating shaft is rotatably connected inside the base. A fixed arm is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating shaft, and the fixed arm is located below the telescopic arm; Wherein, a collection box is fixedly arranged on the top of the moving base. The top of the collection box is communicated with the bottom of the box body through a return pipe, which is used to recycle and utilize the shotcrete collected on the box body; A control structure is arranged between the fixed arm and the telescopic arm, which is used to adjust the distance between the nozzle and the vault; An adjustment structure is arranged inside the support rod, which is used to automatically adjust the distance between the nozzle and the vault and the side wall; A recovery structure is arranged inside the collection box, which is used to collect the fallen shotcrete.

[0008] In a possible design, the control structure includes a lead screw fixedly arranged at the bottom of the telescopic arm. The bottom end of the lead screw slides and extends into the fixed arm. A first bevel gear ring is rotatably connected to the top of the fixed arm. An internal thread is provided on the inner wall of the first bevel gear ring, and the first bevel gear ring is threadedly connected to the lead screw through the internal thread. A driving motor is fixed to the top of the fixed arm. The output shaft of the driving motor is fixed with a second bevel gear ring that meshes with the first bevel gear ring. The driving motor drives the first bevel gear ring to rotate, which is used to control the lifting of the telescopic arm. A sliding hole is provided at the top end of the telescopic arm. A sliding rod slides in the sliding hole. The top end of the sliding rod is fixedly connected to the bottom of the box body. A first tension spring is fixed between the bottom end of the sliding rod and the inner wall of the bottom of the sliding hole; By driving the second bevel gear ring to rotate by the driving motor, the second bevel gear ring drives the first bevel gear ring to rotate. The thread inside the first bevel gear ring is threadedly connected to the lead screw, driving the moving base, the telescopic arm and the box body to move upward, so as to control the distance between the nozzle and the vault.

[0009] In a possible design, the adjustment structure includes a pin rod that slides through one side of the support rod. A plurality of pin slots are provided on one side of the sliding rod, and the pin rod is engaged with the pin slots. A fixing plate is fixed to the end of the pin rod away from the sliding rod. A second tension spring is sleeved on the outer wall of the pin rod and is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the support rod, and the end of the second tension spring away from the sliding rod is fixedly connected to the fixing plate. The cooperation between the second tension spring and the pin rod is used to brake the support rod and the sliding rod. A second magnet is fixed to the side of the fixing plate close to the sliding rod, and an electromagnet is fixed to one side of the support rod. A repulsive force is generated between the electromagnet and the second magnet, which is used to drive the pin rod to move outward and release the braking of the pin rod on the sliding rod. A first magnet is fixedly embedded at the bottom end of the pin rod. Two arc-shaped convex plates are fixed to both sides of the outer wall of the moving base. Iron sheet layers are provided on the arc-shaped convex plates and the top of the arc-shaped support plate. A magnetic attraction force is generated between the first magnet and the iron sheet layer, which is used to make the support rod closely adhere to the arc-shaped support plate and the arc-shaped convex plate, and control the nozzle to extend outward when moving to the side wall. When the driving motor drives the second bevel gear ring to rotate and controls the up and down movement of the box body, the electromagnet is energized, and a repulsive force is generated between the electromagnet and the second magnet to release the braking of the sliding rod, facilitating the smooth movement of the box body. On the contrary, after the electromagnet is powered off, the sliding rod is braked again. The cooperation of the support rod, the arc-shaped convex plate and the first tension spring pushes the box body to move outward. At this time, the distance between the nozzle and the side wall to be sprayed and anchored is 0.8 m, so that the spacing adjustment of the side wall, the arch top and the nozzle can be automatically completed, and the shotcreting operation can be better completed.

[0010] In a possible design, the recovery structure includes a stirring rod that rotates in the collection box and is used to stir the recovered shotcreting material in the collection box. One end of the stirring rod rotates and extends to the outside of the collection box. A worm gear is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the stirring rod. A spiral tooth is provided on the outer wall of the rotating shaft, and the spiral tooth is located in the fixed arm. The rotating shaft is matched with the worm gear through the spiral tooth. During the shotcreting process, when the shotcreting material falls, it will fall into the box body. Then the shotcreting material flows back into the collection box through the return pipe for storage. In addition, when the rotating shaft reciprocates to perform shotcreting, the rotating shaft drives the worm gear to rotate through the spiral tooth, and the worm gear drives the stirring rod to stir the shotcreting material in the collection box, preventing the shotcreting material from solidifying in the collection box and facilitating subsequent use.

[0011] In a possible design, a retaining wall is fixed to the top of the box body and is used to collect the falling shotcreting material. A plurality of material leakage holes are provided on the top of the box body and are used to allow the falling shotcreting material to flow into the box body, facilitating subsequent recovery into the collection box through the return pipe.

[0012] In a possible design, a plurality of bosses are fixed to the top of the box body, and the nozzles are respectively fixed to the tops of the corresponding bosses for elevating the nozzles to prevent the dropped shotcrete from submerging the nozzles. A storage tank is fixed to the inner wall of the top of the box body. The feed pipes of the nozzles penetrate through the bosses and extend into the storage tank. A filling pipe is fixed to one side of the storage tank, and one end of the filling pipe is communicated with an external feeding pump; the nozzles are elevated by the bosses to prevent the dropped shotcrete from submerging the nozzles, and the external feeding pump injects the shotcrete into the storage tank through the filling pipe, which is convenient for later shotcreting operations on the crown and side walls of the tunnel.

[0013] In a possible design, arc-shaped concave surfaces are provided on the inner walls of the two sides of the enclosure away from each other for guiding the shotcrete to flow into the material leakage holes along the arc-shaped concave surfaces.

[0014] In a possible design, the height range of the arc-shaped convex plate is 0.1 m - 0.6 m, which is used to control the distance between the nozzle and the side wall within 0.6 m - 1.2 m.

[0015] In a possible design, a plurality of guide rods are fixed to the top of the fixed arm, and the tops of the plurality of guide rods all slide and extend into the telescopic arm for enabling the telescopic arm to lift smoothly.

[0016] In a possible design, an inclined plate is fixed inside the box body for guiding the shotcrete towards the return pipe. A lifting plate slidably penetrates through the box body. A plurality of knocking heads located below the inclined plate are fixed to the top of the lifting plate, and the knocking heads are used for knocking the inclined plate. Both sides of the bottom of the lifting plate are fixed with push rods, and the two push rods are respectively located on both sides of the box body. The bottom end of the push rod is provided with an arc surface. A plurality of protrusions are provided on the top of the arc-shaped support plate, and the push rod is matched with the protrusions through the arc surface for driving the lifting plate to move up and down; when the fixed arm and the telescopic arm rotate for shotcreting, the push rod moves up and down through the cooperation of the arc surface and the protrusions, and the push rod knocks the inclined plate through the cooperation of the lifting plate and the knocking heads for gradually guiding the shotcrete falling on it towards the direction of the return pipe, effectively completing the collection of the shotcrete.

[0017] Beneficial effects: In the present invention, a plurality of pin slots are provided on one side of the sliding rod. One end of the pin rod is fixed with a second magnet through a fixing plate. An electromagnet is fixed to one side of the support rod. The bottom end of the pin rod is fixedly embedded with a first magnet. Two arc-shaped convex plates are fixed to both outer walls of the moving base; when the electromagnet is energized, a repulsive force is generated between the electromagnet and the second magnet to release the braking of the sliding rod, facilitating the smooth movement of the box body. On the contrary, after the electromagnet is powered off, the sliding rod is braked again. The cooperation of the support rod, the arc-shaped convex plate and the first tension spring pushes the box body to move outward, thereby automatically completing the adjustment of the distance between the side wall, the crown and the nozzle, and better completing the shotcreting operation; In the present invention, a retaining wall is fixed to the top of the box body. A stirring rod rotates in the collection box. A worm gear is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the stirring rod, and spiral teeth are arranged on the outer wall of the rotating shaft. During the shotcreting process, when the shotcreting material falls, it will fall into the box body, and then the shotcreting material flows back into the collection box through the return pipe for storage. In addition, when the rotating shaft reciprocally rotates for shotcreting, the rotating shaft drives the worm gear to rotate through the spiral teeth, and the worm gear drives the stirring rod to stir the shotcreting material in the collection box, preventing the shotcreting material from solidifying in the collection box and facilitating subsequent use. In the present invention, an inclined plate is fixed in the box body. A lifting plate slidably penetrates through the box body. A plurality of knocking heads are fixed to the top of the lifting plate. Push rods are fixed to both sides of the bottom of the lifting plate. A plurality of protrusions are arranged on the top of the arc-shaped support plate. When the fixed arm and the telescopic arm rotate for shotcreting, the push rods move up and down through the cooperation of the arc surface and the protrusions. The push rods knock the inclined plate through the cooperation of the lifting plate and the knocking heads, so as to make the shotcreting material falling on it gradually flow towards the direction of the return pipe, effectively completing the collection of the shotcreting material.

[0018] In the present invention, the lifting of the box body can be adjusted by the rotation of the first bevel gear ring. And when the rotating shaft drives the telescopic arm to rotate for shotcreting, the cooperation between the support rod and the arc-shaped convex plate can automatically complete the adjustment of the distance between the side wall, the arch top and the nozzle, better completing the shotcreting operation. In addition, the shotcreting material falling during the shotcreting process is automatically collected into the collection box and stirred, for storing the shotcreting material, facilitating subsequent recycling and reducing waste. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a tunnel shotcreting concrete auxiliary device provided by Embodiment 1 of the present invention in a vertical state of the telescopic arm; Figure 2 is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a tunnel shotcreting concrete auxiliary device provided by Embodiment 1 of the present invention in an inclined state of the telescopic arm; Figure 3 is a three-dimensional sectional structural diagram of a tunnel shotcreting concrete auxiliary device provided by Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 4 is a three-dimensional sectional exploded structural diagram of the fixed arm, the rotating shaft and the collection box of a tunnel shotcreting concrete auxiliary device provided by Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 5 is a three-dimensional exploded structural diagram of the sliding rod, the telescopic arm and the fixed arm of a tunnel shotcreting concrete auxiliary device provided by Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 6 is a three-dimensional sectional exploded structural diagram of the box body and the retaining wall of a tunnel shotcreting concrete auxiliary device provided by Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 7A three-dimensional sectional explosion structure schematic diagram of the pin rod and the sliding rod of an auxiliary device for tunnel shotcrete provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 8 A three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of an auxiliary device for tunnel shotcrete provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention; Figure 9 A three-dimensional sectional structure schematic diagram of the box body and the inclined plate of an auxiliary device for tunnel shotcrete provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0020] In the figure: 1, moving base; 2, frame body; 3, arc-shaped support plate; 4, moving groove; 5, base; 6, rotating shaft; 7, fixed arm; 8, guide rod; 9, telescopic arm; 10, lead screw; 11, first bevel gear ring; 12, drive motor; 13, second bevel gear ring; 14, sliding hole; 15, first tension spring; 16, sliding rod; 17, box body; 18, enclosure; 19, storage bin; 20, injection pipe; 21, convex platform; 22, nozzle; 23, sliding rod; 24, support rod; 25, first magnet; 26, pin slot; 27, pin rod; 28, fixing plate; 29, second tension spring; 30, electromagnet; 31, second magnet; 32, arc-shaped convex plate; 33, arc-shaped concave surface; 34, material leakage hole; 35, return pipe; 36, collection box; 37, stirring rod; 38, worm gear; 39, spiral tooth; 40, inclined plate; 41, lifting plate; 42, knocking head; 43, push rod; 44, arc surface; 45, protrusion. Detailed implementation manners

[0021] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0022] Embodiment 1: Refer to Figures 1 - 7 , an auxiliary device, which is applied in the field of construction equipment. The device includes a moving base 1, and two frame bodies 2 are fixed on the top thereof. The outer walls of the two frame bodies 2 are fixed with the same arc-shaped support plate 3, and a moving groove 4 is arranged inside the arc-shaped support plate 3. A telescopic arm 9 is slidably fitted in the moving groove 4, and a box body 17 is arranged at the top end of the telescopic arm 9. A plurality of nozzles 22 are arranged on the top of the box body 17 for shotcrete operation.

[0023] Refer to Figure 1 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 , two sliding rods 23 are fixed on both sides of the bottom of the box body 17, and the two sliding rods 23 are respectively located on both sides of the moving groove 4. The outer walls of the two sliding rods 23 are both slidably sleeved with support rods 24, and the bottom ends of the two support rods 24 are both in contact with the top of the arc-shaped support plate 3. The cooperation between the sliding rod 23 and the support rod 24 is used to control the distance between the nozzle 22 and the vault and the side wall.

[0024] Refer to Figures 1 - 5 , a base 5 is fixedly installed on the top of the moving base 1, and a rotating shaft 6 is rotatably connected inside the base 5. A fixed arm 7 is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating shaft 6, and the fixed arm 7 is located below the telescopic arm 9. A lead screw 10 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the telescopic arm 9, and the bottom end of the lead screw 10 slidably extends into the fixed arm 7. A first bevel gear ring 11 is rotatably connected to the top of the fixed arm 7. The inner wall of the first bevel gear ring 11 is provided with internal threads, and the first bevel gear ring 11 is threadedly connected to the lead screw 10 through the internal threads. A driving motor 12 is fixedly installed on the top of the fixed arm 7, and a second bevel gear ring 13 meshing with the first bevel gear ring 11 is fixedly installed on the output shaft of the driving motor 12. A sliding hole 14 is provided at the top end of the telescopic arm 9, a sliding rod 16 slides in the sliding hole 14, the top end of the sliding rod 16 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the box body 17, and a first tension spring 15 is fixedly installed between the bottom end of the sliding rod 16 and the inner wall of the bottom of the sliding hole 14.

[0025] Specifically, the driving motor 12 drives the second bevel gear ring 13 to rotate, the second bevel gear ring 13 drives the first bevel gear ring 11 to rotate, the threads inside the first bevel gear ring 11 are threadedly connected to the lead screw 10, driving the moving base 1, the telescopic arm 9 and the box body 17 to move upward, thereby controlling the distance between the nozzle 22 and the vault.

[0026] Refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 6 and Figure 7 , a pin rod 27 slidably penetrates through one side of the support rod 24. A plurality of pin slots 26 are provided on one side of the sliding rod 23, and the pin rod 27 is engaged with the pin slots 26. A fixing plate 28 is fixedly installed at the end of the pin rod 27 away from the sliding rod 23. A second tension spring 29 fixedly connected to the outer wall of the support rod 24 is sleeved on the outer wall of the pin rod 27, and the end of the second tension spring 29 away from the sliding rod 23 is fixedly connected to the fixing plate 28. A second magnet 31 is fixedly installed on the side of the fixing plate 28 close to the sliding rod 23, an electromagnet 30 is fixedly installed on one side of the support rod 24, and a repulsive force is generated between the electromagnet 30 and the second magnet 31. A first magnet 25 is fixedly embedded at the bottom end of the pin rod 27, and two arc-shaped convex plates 32 are fixedly installed on both sides of the outer wall of the moving base 1. The arc-shaped convex plates 32 and the top of the arc-shaped support plate 3 are both provided with iron sheet layers.

[0027] Specifically, when the driving motor 12 drives the second bevel gear ring 13 to rotate and controls the up and down movement of the box body 17, the electromagnet 30 is energized, and a repulsive force is generated between the electromagnet 30 and the second magnet 31, releasing the braking of the sliding rod 23, facilitating the smooth movement of the box body 17.

[0028] Conversely, after the electromagnet 30 is powered off, the slide rod 23 is braked again. The cooperation of the support rod 24, the arc-shaped convex plate 32 and the first spring 15 pushes the box body 17 to move outward. At this time, the distance between the nozzle 22 and the side wall of the anchor to be sprayed is 0.8 m, so that the distance adjustment between the side wall, the vault and the nozzle 22 can be automatically completed, and the shotcreting operation can be better completed.

[0029] Refer to Figure 3 and Figure 6 , a collection box 36 is fixedly arranged on the top of the moving base 1. The top of the collection box 36 is communicated with the bottom of the box body 17 through a return pipe 35, which is used to recycle and utilize the shotcreting material collected on the box body 17.

[0030] Specifically, during the shotcreting operation, the dropped shotcreting material is recycled into the collection box 36 through the return pipe 35 for reuse.

[0031] Refer to Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 6 , the tunnel shotcreting concrete auxiliary equipment mainly includes a recycling structure, and the design of this recycling structure aims to effectively manage and reuse the shotcreting material dropped during the shotcreting process. Specifically, the recycling structure includes a collection box 36, and a stirring rod 37 is installed inside it. The stirring rod 37 can rotate in the collection box 36 to stir the recycled shotcreting material to prevent it from solidifying. One end of the stirring rod 37 extends to the outside of the collection box 36, and a worm gear 38 is fixedly sleeved on its outer wall. The outer wall of the rotating shaft 6 of the equipment is provided with spiral teeth 39, and these spiral teeth 39 are located inside the fixed arm 7 and cooperate with the worm gear 38. When the rotating shaft 6 reciprocates to perform the shotcreting operation, it drives the worm gear 38 to rotate through the spiral teeth 39, and then drives the stirring rod 37 to stir the shotcreting material in the collection box 36.

[0032] Refer to Figure 3 and Figure 6 , in order to collect the dropped shotcreting material more effectively, a fence 18 is fixed on the top of the box body 17. A plurality of material leakage holes 34 are provided on the top of the box body 17, and these material leakage holes 34 allow the dropped shotcreting material to flow into the box body 17, which is convenient for recycling it into the collection box 36 through the return pipe 35 later.

[0033] Refer to Figure 6In addition, a plurality of bosses 21 are fixed on the top of the box body 17, and a nozzle 22 is fixed on the top of each boss 21. This design raises the nozzle 22 to prevent the falling spray anchor material from flooding the nozzle 22. A storage box 19 is also fixed on the top inner wall of the box body 17, and the feed pipe of the nozzle 22 passes through the boss 21 and extends into the storage box 19. A material injection pipe 20 is fixed on one side of the storage box 19, and one end of the material injection pipe 20 is connected to an external feed pump. Through this design, an external feed pump can inject the spray anchor material into the storage box 19 through the injection pipe 20, which provides convenience for the subsequent tunnel vault and side wall spray anchor operations.

[0034] Reference Figure 6 The enclosure 18 is designed with a special structure, and the inner walls on both sides away from each other are provided with arc-shaped inner concave surfaces 33. This design allows the spray anchor material to flow smoothly into the leakage hole 34 along the arc-shaped inner concave surface 33, effectively preventing the spray anchor material from accumulating in the enclosure 18, and improving the operating efficiency and cleanliness of the equipment.

[0035] Reference Figures 1 - 3 The height of the arc-shaped convex plate 32 is precisely controlled between 0.1m and 0.6m. This design is to ensure that the distance between the nozzle 22 and the side wall is kept within the range of 0.6m to 1.2m. Through such distance control, the effect and quality of the anchor spraying operation can be ensured, and the operation problems caused by the anchor spraying distance being too close or too far can be avoided.

[0036] Reference Figure 5 A plurality of guide rods 8 are fixedly mounted on the top of the fixed arm 7, and the top ends of the guide rods 8 are designed to be able to slide and extend into the telescopic arm 9. Such a structural design enables the telescopic arm 9 to be more stable during the lifting operation, reduces the shaking caused by the lifting action, and improves the stability and operation accuracy of the equipment.

[0037] Example 2: Reference Figure 8 and Figure 9 , improved on the basis of Example 1: an inclined plate 40 is fixedly installed inside the box body 17, and its function is to guide the sprayed anchor material to the direction of the return pipe 35, so as to facilitate collection and processing. At the same time, a lifting plate 41 is also slidably penetrated in the box body 17, and a plurality of knocking heads 42 located below the inclined plate 40 are fixed on the top of the lifting plate 41. The design purpose of these knocking heads 42 is to knock on the inclined plate 40 to promote the sprayed anchor material to flow in the direction of the return pipe 35. Push rods 43 are fixed on both sides of the bottom of the lifting plate 41, and these two push rods 43 are respectively located on both sides of the box body 17. The bottom end of the push rod 43 is provided with an arc surface 44, which cooperates with the multiple protrusions 45 on the top of the arc support plate 3. When the fixed arm 7 and the telescopic arm 9 rotate to perform the sprayed anchor operation, the push rod 43 moves up and down through the cooperation of the arc surface 44 at its bottom and the protrusion 45.

[0038] Specifically, this movement is achieved through the cooperation of the lifting plate 41 and the percussion head 42, which strike the inclined plate 40, causing the shotcrete material that has fallen onto it to gradually flow back towards the return pipe 35, thereby effectively completing the collection of the shotcrete material. This design not only improves the automation level of the equipment but also significantly enhances the operation efficiency and cleanliness.

[0039] A method for using an auxiliary device for tunnel shotcrete, comprising the following steps: S1. During use, adjust the distance between the nozzle 22 and the arch top to be sprayed within the range of 1 - 1.2 m. Specifically, during operation, drive the second bevel gear ring 13 to rotate through the drive motor 12. The second bevel gear ring 13 drives the first bevel gear ring 11 to rotate. The internal thread of the first bevel gear ring 11 is threadedly connected to the lead screw 10, driving the moving base 1, the telescopic arm 9, and the box body 17 to move upward. At the same time, the electromagnet 30 is energized, and a repulsive force is generated between the electromagnet 30 and the second magnet 31, pushing the fixed plate 28 to move outward. The pin rod 27 releases the braking of the sliding rod 23. At this time, the box body 17 drives the sliding rod 23 to move upward to control the distance between the nozzle 22 and the arch top. After the control is completed, the electromagnet 30 is de-energized, and the pin rod 27 is inserted into the pin slot 26 under the pulling force of the second tension spring 29 to brake the sliding rod 23 again. S2. During shotcreting, the motor drives the fixed arm 7 and the box body 17 to rotate through the drive shaft 6. Then, an external pump injects the shotcrete material into the storage tank 19 through the injection pipe 20 and completes the shotcreting operation through the nozzle 22. When shotcreting the side wall, through the cooperation of the support rod 24, the arc-shaped convex plate 32, and the first tension spring 15, the support rod 24 pushes the box body 17 to move outward through the sliding rod 23, and the first tension spring 15 is in a stretched state. At this time, the distance between the nozzle 22 and the side wall to be sprayed is 0.8 m, so as to automatically complete the adjustment of the distance between the side wall, the arch top, and the nozzle 22 and better complete the shotcreting operation. S3. During the shotcreting process, when the shotcrete material falls, it will fall into the enclosure 18 and then fall into the box body 17 through the leakage hole 34. Then, the shotcrete material flows back to the collection tank 36 through the return pipe 35 for storage. In addition, when the shaft 6 rotates reciprocally for shotcreting, the shaft 6 drives the worm wheel 38 to rotate through the spiral teeth 39, and the worm wheel 38 drives the stirring rod 37 to stir the shotcrete material in the collection tank 36 to prevent the shotcrete material from solidifying in the collection tank 36 and facilitating subsequent use. S4. Additionally, when the fixed arm 7 and the telescopic arm 9 rotate for shotcreting, the push rod 43 moves up and down through the cooperation of the arc surface 44 and the protrusion 45. The push rod 43 strikes the inclined plate 40 through the cooperation of the lifting plate 41 and the percussion head 42 to cause the shotcrete material that has fallen onto it to gradually flow back towards the return pipe 35, effectively completing the collection of the shotcrete material.

[0040] However, as is well-known to those skilled in the art, the working principles and wiring methods of the electromagnet 30 and the drive motor 12 are common knowledge, and they both belong to conventional means or well-known common sense, so they will not be elaborated here. Those skilled in the art can make arbitrary selections according to their needs or convenience.

[0041] The above are only the preferred specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, makes equivalent replacements or changes, and all should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An auxiliary device for tunnel shotcrete, characterized in that It includes a mobile base (1). Two frames (2) are fixed to the top of the mobile base (1). The outer walls of the two frames (2) are fixed with the same arc-shaped support plate (3). A moving groove (4) is provided in the arc-shaped support plate (3). A telescopic arm (9) is slidably fitted in the moving groove (4). A box body (17) is provided at the top of the telescopic arm (9). A plurality of nozzles (22) are provided on the top of the box body (17) for shotcreting operation. It also includes two slide bars (23) fixed to both sides of the bottom of the box body (17). The two slide bars (23) are respectively located on both sides of the moving groove (4). The outer walls of the two slide bars (23) are both slidably sleeved with support bars (24). The bottom ends of the two support bars (24) are both in contact with the top of the arc-shaped support plate (3). The cooperation of the slide bars (23) and the support bars (24) is used to control the distance between the nozzles (22) and the vault and side walls. It also includes a base (5) fixed to the top of the mobile base (1). A rotating shaft (6) is rotatably connected in the base (5). A fixed arm (7) is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating shaft (6), and the fixed arm (7) is located below the telescopic arm (9). Among them, a collection box (36) is fixedly arranged on the top of the mobile base (1). The top of the collection box (36) is communicated with the bottom of the box body (17) through a return pipe (35) for recycling and utilizing the shotcreting material collected on the box body (17). A control structure is arranged between the fixed arm (7) and the telescopic arm (9) for adjusting the distance between the nozzle (22) and the vault. An adjustment structure is arranged in the support bar (24) for automatically adjusting the distance between the nozzle (22) and the vault and side walls. A recycling structure is arranged in the collection box (36) for collecting the fallen shotcreting material.

2. The auxiliary equipment for tunnel shotcrete according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control structure includes a lead screw (10) fixedly arranged at the bottom of the telescopic arm (9). The bottom end of the lead screw (10) slidably extends into the fixed arm (7). A first bevel gear ring (11) is rotatably connected to the top of the fixed arm (7). The inner wall of the first bevel gear ring (11) is provided with internal threads, and the first bevel gear ring (11) is threadedly connected to the lead screw (10) through the internal threads. A driving motor (12) is fixed to the top of the fixed arm (7). The output shaft of the driving motor (12) is fixed with a second bevel gear ring (13) meshing with the first bevel gear ring (11). The driving motor (12) drives the first bevel gear ring (11) to rotate for controlling the lifting of the telescopic arm (9). A sliding hole (14) is provided at the top of the telescopic arm (9). A sliding rod (16) slides in the sliding hole (14). The top end of the sliding rod (16) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the box body (17). A first tension spring (15) is fixed between the bottom end of the sliding rod (16) and the inner wall of the bottom of the sliding hole (14).

3. The auxiliary equipment for tunnel shotcrete according to claim 2, characterized in that, The adjustment structure includes a pin rod (27) that slides through one side of the support rod (24). A plurality of pin slots (26) are provided on one side of the sliding rod (23), and the pin rod (27) is engaged with the pin slots (26). A fixing plate (28) is fixed to the end of the pin rod (27) away from the sliding rod (23). A second tension spring (29) whose outer wall is sleeved on the outer wall of the pin rod (27) and is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the support rod (24) is provided, and the end of the second tension spring (29) away from the sliding rod (23) is fixedly connected to the fixing plate (28). The cooperation between the second tension spring (29) and the pin rod (27) is used to brake the support rod (24) and the sliding rod (23). A second magnet (31) is fixed to the side of the fixing plate (28) close to the sliding rod (23). An electromagnet (30) is fixed to one side of the support rod (24), and a repulsive force is generated between the electromagnet (30) and the second magnet (31) to drive the pin rod (27) to move outward and release the braking of the pin rod (27) on the sliding rod (23). A first magnet (25) is fixedly embedded at the bottom end of the pin rod (27). Two arc-shaped convex plates (32) are fixed to both sides of the outer wall of the moving base (1). Iron sheet layers are provided on the arc-shaped convex plates (32) and the top of the arc-shaped support plate (3). A magnetic attraction force is generated between the first magnet (25) and the iron sheet layer to make the support rod (24) closely adhere to the arc-shaped support plate (3) and the arc-shaped convex plate (32), and control the nozzle (22) to extend outward when moving to the side wall.

4. An auxiliary device for tunnel shotcrete according to claim 3, characterized in that, The recovery structure includes a stirring rod (37) that rotates in the collection box (36) for stirring the sprayed and anchored material recovered in the collection box (36). One end of the stirring rod (37) rotates and extends to the outside of the collection box (36). A worm gear (38) is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the stirring rod (37). A spiral tooth (39) is provided on the outer wall of the rotating shaft (6), and the spiral tooth (39) is located in the fixed arm (7). The rotating shaft (6) is cooperated with the worm gear (38) through the spiral tooth (39).

5. An auxiliary device for tunnel shotcrete, according to claim 4, characterized in that, A retaining wall (18) is fixed to the top of the box body (17) for collecting the fallen sprayed and anchored material. A plurality of material leakage holes (34) are provided on the top of the box body (17) for allowing the fallen sprayed and anchored material to flow into the box body (17).

6. The auxiliary equipment for tunnel shotcrete according to claim 5, characterized in that, A plurality of convex platforms (21) are fixed to the top of the box body (17). The respective nozzles (22) are fixed to the tops of the corresponding convex platforms (21) for raising the nozzles (22) to prevent the fallen sprayed and anchored material from submerging the nozzles (22). A storage box (19) is fixed to the inner wall of the top of the box body (17). The feed pipe of the nozzle (22) penetrates through the convex platform (21) and extends into the storage box (19). A feed pipe (20) is fixed to one side of the storage box (19), and one end of the feed pipe (20) is communicated with an external feeding pump.

7. An auxiliary device for tunnel shotcrete, according to claim 6, characterized in that, Arc-shaped concave surfaces (33) are provided on the inner walls of the two sides of the retaining wall (18) away from each other for allowing the sprayed and anchored material to flow into the material leakage holes (34) along the arc-shaped concave surfaces (33).

8. An auxiliary device for tunnel shotcrete according to claim 7, characterized in that, The height range of the arc-shaped convex plate (32) is 0.1m - 0.6m.

9. The auxiliary equipment for tunnel shotcrete according to claim 8, characterized in that, A plurality of guide rods (8) are fixedly arranged at the top of the fixed arm (7), and the top ends of the plurality of guide rods (8) all slide and extend into the telescopic arm (9) to enable the telescopic arm (9) to be lifted and lowered smoothly.

10. The auxiliary equipment for tunnel shotcrete according to claim 9, characterized in that, An inclined plate (40) is fixedly arranged in the box body (17) to guide the shotcrete material towards the return pipe (35). A lifting plate (41) slides through the box body (17). A plurality of knocking heads (42) located below the inclined plate (40) are fixedly arranged at the top of the lifting plate (41), and the knocking heads (42) are used for knocking the inclined plate (40). Push rods (43) are fixedly arranged on both sides of the bottom of the lifting plate (41), and the two push rods (43) are respectively located on both sides of the box body (17). An arc surface (44) is arranged at the bottom end of the push rod (43). A plurality of protrusions (45) are arranged on the top of the arc-shaped support plate (3), and the push rod (43) is matched with the protrusion (45) through the arc surface (44) to drive the lifting plate (41) to move up and down.

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