Variable damping shock absorber

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of shock absorbers, and particularly relates to a variable damping shock absorber which comprises a cylinder body assembly, the cylinder body assembly comprises a working cylinder, a middle cylinder and an oil storage barrel which are coaxially assembled from inside to outside, a cavity between the working cylinder and the middle cylinder is configured to be a recovery middle cavity, and a cavity between the middle cylinder and the oil storage barrel is configured to be an oil storage cavity; the piston valve group is arranged in the working cylinder and divides the working cylinder into a recovery cavity and a compression cavity, and the middle cylinder is provided with a circulation hole for communicating a recovery middle cavity with the recovery cavity; a cavity between the middle cylinder and the isolation assembly is configured to be a compression transition cavity, and the compression transition cavity communicates with the compression cavity. The recovery middle cavity is communicated with the oil storage cavity through a recovery valve; the compression transition cavity is communicated with the oil storage cavity through a compression valve; according to the shock absorber, the working cylinder, the middle cylinder and the oil storage barrel are coaxially arranged, and the structure that the recovery middle cavity and the compression transition cavity are defined in the middle cylinder or in the peripheral area of the middle cylinder through components such as the isolation assembly is adopted, so that the overall structure of the shock absorber is relatively simplified.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of shock absorbers, and particularly to a variable damping shock absorber. Background Art

[0002] A damping shock absorber is a device widely used in various systems. Its main function is to absorb and dissipate vibration energy by generating damping force, control the speed of relative moving parts or suppress impacts.

[0003] Traditional shock absorbers usually have fixed damping characteristics and may not be able to provide the optimal shock absorption effect under changing working conditions or different performance requirements. For example, in some applications, it may be necessary to provide a softer damping at low-frequency vibrations to isolate vibrations, and a harder damping at high-frequency vibrations or impacts to quickly stabilize the system. To meet such diverse needs, shock absorbers with adjustable damping force (i.e., variable damping shock absorbers) have been developed.

[0004] The structural design of existing variable damping shock absorbers, especially the fluid passage structure between the internal working chamber and the electromagnetic control valve set externally or at a specific position, often poses challenges to aspects such as the overall layout of the shock absorber, sealing reliability, the number of components, and manufacturing costs. Therefore, how to optimize the internal structure of the shock absorber, simplify the fluid connection method, improve the integration level and production efficiency while ensuring the variable damping function is one of the technical issues continuously concerned in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is how to optimize the internal structure of the shock absorber while ensuring functionality. The purpose is to provide a variable damping shock absorber, which reduces the number of intermediate cylinders and the number of seals, and improves stability.

[0006] The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0007] A variable damping shock absorber, comprising:

[0008] A cylinder block assembly, the cylinder block assembly includes a working cylinder, an intermediate cylinder, and an oil storage cylinder coaxially assembled from the inside to the outside. The cavity between the working cylinder and the intermediate cylinder is configured as a rebound intermediate cavity, and the cavity between the intermediate cylinder and the oil storage cylinder is configured as an oil storage cavity;

[0009] A piston rod assembly, the piston rod assembly includes a piston rod and a piston valve group. The piston valve group is arranged in the working cylinder and divides the working cylinder into a rebound cavity and a compression cavity. A circulation hole communicating the rebound intermediate cavity and the rebound cavity is provided on the intermediate cylinder;

[0010] A guide, which seals the front end of the cylinder block assembly;

[0011] An isolation component is disposed within the intermediate cylinder and divides the intermediate cylinder into a restoration intermediate chamber and a compression transition chamber. The compression transition chamber communicates with the compression chamber. The isolation component seals the rear end of the working cylinder, and the restoration intermediate chamber is configured as the chamber between the intermediate cylinder and the working cylinder;

[0012] A restoration valve, the restoration intermediate chamber communicates with the oil storage chamber through the restoration valve;

[0013] A compression valve, the compression transition chamber communicates with the oil storage chamber through the compression valve.

[0014] Specifically, the isolation component includes: a bottom valve assembly, a plug, and a connecting member. The connecting member connects the plug and the bottom valve assembly. The bottom valve assembly, the plug, the connecting member, and the intermediate cylinder form at least a part of the inner boundary of the compression transition chamber. The compression transition chamber exchanges media through a compression inlet and a compression outlet. A sealing component is provided between the bottom valve assembly and the intermediate cylinder;

[0015] The plug forms a sealed connection with the rear end of the intermediate cylinder. A compression compensation oil passage communicating the oil storage chamber and the compression chamber is provided within the bottom valve assembly, the plug, and the connecting member. A compression compensation first one-way valve is provided within the compression compensation oil passage, and the connecting member forms at least a part of the inner boundary of the compression transition chamber.

[0016] Optionally, the connecting member is a spacer sleeve with an outer diameter smaller than that of the intermediate cylinder. The first end of the spacer sleeve is fixedly and sealingly connected to the bottom valve assembly, and the second end of the spacer sleeve is sealingly and fixedly connected to the plug. A long through inner through hole communicating the interior of the spacer sleeve and the compression chamber is provided on the bottom valve assembly. The compression compensation first one-way valve is provided within the inner through hole, and its valve opening direction is from the interior of the spacer sleeve to the compression chamber. An outer through hole communicating the interior of the spacer sleeve and the oil storage chamber is provided on the plug.

[0017] Optionally, the front end of the piston rod passes through the guide, the rear end of the piston rod is fixedly connected to the piston valve group, and the piston rod is coaxially arranged with the cylinder block assembly.

[0018] Specifically, the restoration valve includes: a restoration flow block, a restoration solenoid valve, and a restoration compensation one-way valve. A restoration flow oil passage is provided within the restoration flow block. One end of the restoration flow oil passage communicates with the restoration intermediate chamber, and the other end of the restoration flow oil passage communicates with the oil storage chamber through the restoration solenoid valve. The restoration compensation one-way valve communicates the oil storage chamber and the restoration flow oil passage.

[0019] Specifically, the inner end of the restoring flow block is welded to the intermediate cylinder and communicates with the restoring intermediate cavity. The restoring solenoid valve is fixedly connected to the oil storage cylinder. The outer end of the restoring flow block seals the end face of the restoring solenoid valve. The restoring compensation check valve is arranged on the restoring flow block, and the valve opening direction is from the oil storage cavity to the restoring oil flow path.

[0020] Furthermore, a restoring sleeve is welded to the oil storage cylinder. The restoring solenoid valve is arranged inside the restoring sleeve, and the inside of the restoring sleeve communicates with the oil storage cavity. The oil inlet valve port of the restoring solenoid valve communicates with the other end of the restoring oil flow path, and the oil outlet valve port of the restoring solenoid valve communicates with the inside of the restoring sleeve.

[0021] Specifically, the compression valve includes: a compression flow block, a compression solenoid valve, and a compression compensation second check valve. A compression oil flow path is arranged inside the compression flow block. One end of the compression oil flow path communicates with the compression transition cavity, and the other end of the compression oil flow path communicates with the oil storage cavity through the compression solenoid valve. The compression compensation second check valve communicates the oil storage cavity and the compression oil flow path.

[0022] Specifically, the inner end of the compression flow block is welded to the intermediate cylinder and communicates with the compression transition cavity. The compression solenoid valve is fixedly connected to the oil storage cylinder. The outer end of the compression flow block communicates with the compression solenoid valve. The compression compensation second check valve is arranged on the compression flow block, and the valve opening direction is from the oil storage cavity to the compression oil flow path.

[0023] Optionally, a compression sleeve is welded to the oil storage cylinder. The compression solenoid valve is arranged inside the compression sleeve, and the inside of the compression sleeve communicates with the oil storage cavity. The oil inlet valve port of the compression solenoid valve communicates with the other end of the compression oil flow path, and the oil outlet valve port of the compression solenoid valve communicates with the inside of the compression sleeve.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0025] By arranging the working cylinder, the intermediate cylinder, and the oil storage cylinder coaxially, and using components such as isolation components to define the restoring intermediate cavity and the compression transition cavity inside or in the peripheral area of the intermediate cylinder, the overall structure of the shock absorber is relatively simplified. Especially compared with some designs that require complex multi-layer sleeve structures to form intermediate chambers or external bypasses, the intermediate cylinder structure of the present invention is easier to machine and assemble, which helps to reduce the manufacturing cost and may reduce potential sealing failure points.

[0026] The present invention also realizes a clear separation of the main damping flow paths by providing a restoration intermediate cavity and a compression transition cavity as intermediate links for connecting the restoration main oil path and the compression main oil path to the corresponding valve groups respectively. By integrating the isolation component inside the intermediate cylinder and using its components to achieve the peripheral sealing of the restoration intermediate cavity, and at the same time integrating the compression compensation oil path and one-way valves inside it, the compact integration of the sealing and compression compensation functions is achieved at one end of the shock absorber. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] The drawings illustrate exemplary embodiments of the present invention and, together with the description thereof, are used to explain the principles of the present invention. The drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and the drawings are included in this specification and form a part of this specification, and do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a variable damping shock absorber according to the present invention.

[0029] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the isolation component, the restoration valve and the compression valve according to the present invention.

[0030] Figure 3 is the first flow path of the oil during the restoration process according to the present invention.

[0031] Figure 4 is the second flow path of the oil during the restoration process according to the present invention.

[0032] Figure 5 is the flow path of the oil during the compression process according to the present invention.

[0033] Figure 6 is a partially enlarged schematic view of the isolation component according to the present invention.

[0034] Reference numerals: 1 - cylinder block assembly, 2 - isolation component, 3 - restoration valve, 4 - compression valve, 5 - piston rod assembly, 6 - guide, 11 - restoration cavity, 12 - compression cavity, 13 - oil storage cylinder, 14 - intermediate cylinder, 15 - working cylinder, 16 - circulation hole, 17 - oil storage cavity, 18 - restoration intermediate cavity, 181 - restoration outlet, 19 - compression transition cavity, 191 - compression inlet, 192 - compression outlet, 21 - bottom valve assembly, 211 - sealing component, 22 - connecting piece, 23 - plug, 231 - outer through hole, 24 - first compression compensation one-way valve, 31 - restoration circulation block, 32 - restoration solenoid valve, 33 - restoration compensation one-way valve, 34 - restoration sleeve, 41 - compression circulation block, 42 - compression solenoid valve, 43 - second compression compensation one-way valve, 44 - compression sleeve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0035] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It can be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the relevant content and do not limit the present invention.

[0036] Embodiment 1

[0037] As Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, the basic structural layout and main fluid communication relationships of a variable damping shock absorber are described. A variable damping shock absorber includes: a cylinder block assembly 1, a piston rod assembly 5, a rebound valve 3, a compression valve 4, an isolation assembly 2, and a guide 6.

[0038] The cylinder block assembly 1 includes a working cylinder 15, an intermediate cylinder 14, and an oil storage cylinder 13 that are coaxially assembled from the inside to the outside. The innermost is the working cylinder 15, the intermediate layer is the intermediate cylinder 14, and the outermost is the oil storage cylinder 13. The cavity between the working cylinder 15 and the intermediate cylinder 14 is configured as a rebound intermediate cavity 18 for transmitting the intermediate passage of the oil during the rebound stroke. The cavity between the intermediate cylinder 14 and the oil storage cylinder 13 is configured as an oil storage cavity 17, serving as a storage reservoir for the hydraulic oil to compensate for the volume change of the oil in the rebound cavity 11 and the compression cavity 12.

[0039] The piston rod assembly 5 includes a piston rod and a piston valve group. The piston valve group is disposed in the working cylinder 15 and divides the working cylinder 15 into a rebound cavity 11 and a compression cavity 12. The piston valve group reciprocates in the working cylinder 15, changing the volumes of the rebound cavity 11 and the compression cavity 12. Therefore, when the shock absorber extends (rebounds) or compresses, the oil pressure on both sides of the piston valve group changes, generating a damping force.

[0040] The front end of the cylinder block assembly 1 is sealed by the guide 6. In addition, besides the sealing function, the guide 6 usually also functions to guide the movement of the piston rod. The rear end of the working cylinder 15 is sealed with the front end of the intermediate cylinder 14 through the isolation assembly 2, and the rear end of the intermediate cylinder 14 is sealed through the rear end of the isolation assembly 2. The isolation assembly 2 is a composite component that realizes multiple sealing functions at the bottom of the shock absorber.

[0041] The isolation assembly 2 is disposed in the intermediate cylinder 14 and divides the intermediate cylinder 14 into a rebound intermediate cavity 18 and a compression transition cavity 19. The compression transition cavity 19 communicates with the compression cavity 12. The isolation assembly 2 seals the rear end of the working cylinder 15. The rebound intermediate cavity 18 is configured as the cavity between the intermediate cylinder 14 and the working cylinder 15; the cavity between the intermediate cylinder 14 and the isolation assembly 2 is configured as the compression transition cavity 19 for transmitting the intermediate passage of the oil during the compression stroke.

[0042] To enable the oil to flow, necessary connection channels are provided. A through-hole 16 communicating the restoration intermediate chamber 18 and the restoration chamber 11 is provided on the intermediate cylinder 14, and the compression transition chamber 19 communicates with the compression chamber 12; the restoration intermediate chamber 18 communicates with the oil storage chamber 17 through the restoration valve 3; the compression transition chamber 19 communicates with the oil storage chamber 17 through the compression valve 4.

[0043] The oil in the restoration intermediate chamber 18 flows to the oil storage chamber 17 through the restoration valve 3; the oil in the compression transition chamber 19 flows to the oil storage chamber 17 through the compression valve 4. By controlling the flow states (such as the opening degree) of these two valves, the damping force of the corresponding stroke (restoration or compression) can be changed.

[0044] When the shock absorber is compressed or stretched, the piston valve group moves in the working cylinder 15, forcing the hydraulic oil in the corresponding working chamber (compression chamber 12 or restoration chamber 11) to flow. The oil first flows into the corresponding intermediate chamber (compression transition chamber 19 or restoration intermediate chamber 18), and then must pass through the corresponding control valve (compression valve 4 or restoration valve 3) before finally flowing into the oil storage chamber 17. By adjusting the flow capacity of these control valves, the resistance of the oil flow can be controlled, thereby realizing the adjustment of the damping force of the shock absorber in both the compression and restoration directions.

[0045] Embodiment 2

[0046] As Figure 2 shown, the specific internal structure and function of the "isolation component 2" mentioned in Embodiment 1 are first elaborated in detail.

[0047] The isolation component 2 is arranged in the intermediate cylinder 14. The isolation component 2 includes: a bottom valve component 21, a plug 23, and a connecting member 22 connecting the plug 23 and the bottom valve component 21. The bottom valve component 21 seals the outer periphery of the restoration intermediate chamber 18, that is, prevents the oil from leaking from the restoration intermediate chamber 18 along the axis direction of the shock absorber. The plug 23 is hermetically connected to the rear end of the intermediate cylinder 14. A sealing component 211 is arranged between the bottom valve component 21 and the intermediate cylinder 14. The sealing component 211 can be an O-ring or other devices capable of effective sealing. The plug 23 can be directly welded between the connecting member 22 and the intermediate cylinder 14, or can be fixed by other means, and an interference fit is adopted between the connecting member 22, the plug component 23, and the intermediate cylinder 14.

[0048] In order to timely supplement oil from the oil storage chamber 17 when the volume of the compression chamber 12 increases during the restoration (tensile) stroke of the shock absorber to prevent cavitation or negative pressure, a dedicated oil passage is integrated inside the isolation component 2, that is, a compression compensation oil passage communicating the oil storage chamber 17 and the compression chamber 12 is provided in the bottom valve component 21, the plug 23, and the connecting member 22, and a compression compensation first one-way valve 24 is provided in the compression compensation oil passage.

[0049] The bottom valve assembly 21, the plug 23, the connecting member 22 and the intermediate cylinder 14 form at least a part of the inner boundary of the compression transition chamber 19, and the compression transition chamber 19 exchanges media through the compression inlet 191 and the compression outlet 192.

[0050] The connecting member 22 forms at least a part of the inner boundary of the compression transition chamber 19, which means that the compression transition chamber 19 is a cavity surrounding the connecting member 22 and forms the entire compression transition chamber 19 together with the intermediate cylinder 14.

[0051] Provide an example, that is, select a spacer sleeve with an outer diameter smaller than that of the intermediate cylinder 14 as the connecting member 22. The first end of the spacer sleeve is fixedly and sealedly connected to the bottom valve assembly 21, and the second end of the spacer sleeve is fixedly and sealedly connected to the plug 23 to form an integral body. An outer through hole 231 communicating the inside of the spacer sleeve with the oil storage chamber 17 is provided on the plug 23.

[0052] An inner through hole communicating the inside of the spacer sleeve and the compression chamber 12 is provided on the bottom valve assembly 21, and an outer through hole communicating the inside of the spacer sleeve with the oil storage chamber 17 is provided on the plug 23. The compression compensation first one-way valve 24 is arranged inside the inner through hole, and its valve opening direction is from the inside of the spacer sleeve to the compression chamber 12, that is, only allowing the oil to flow from the inside of the spacer sleeve to the compression chamber 12, ensuring that the oil can only be replenished when the compression chamber 12 needs to be refilled (the pressure is lower than the pressure inside the sleeve), and the high-pressure oil in the compression chamber 12 during the compression stroke will not leak backward through this path.

[0053] The front end of the piston rod passes through the guide 6, the rear end of the piston rod is fixedly connected to the piston valve group, and the piston rod is coaxially arranged with the cylinder block assembly 1.

[0054] The isolation assembly 2 realizes the key sealing of the restoration intermediate chamber 18 and the rear end of the intermediate cylinder 14 through the bottom valve assembly 21 and the plug 23. In addition, a complete compression compensation oil circuit is integrated inside the isolation assembly 2. This oil circuit uses the outer through hole of the plug 23, the internal space of the spacer sleeve, the inner through hole of the bottom valve assembly 21 and the one-way valve arranged therein to form a one-way channel, allowing the oil to be automatically replenished from the oil storage chamber 17 to the compression chamber 12 when needed (usually during the restoration stroke), ensuring the normal operation of the shock absorber under various working conditions.

[0055] Next, describe the specific composition, internal flow path, and connection and installation methods with other components of the restoration valve 3. The restoration valve 3 includes: a restoration flow block 31, a restoration solenoid valve 32, and a restoration compensation one-way valve 33.

[0056] The restoration circulation block 31 is provided with a restoration circulation oil path, and the inside of the restoration circulation block 31 is a restoration outlet 181. One end of the restoration circulation oil path is connected to the restoration intermediate cavity 18 to receive the oil fluid from the restoration intermediate cavity 18. The other end of the restoration circulation oil path is connected to the oil storage cavity 17 through a restoration solenoid valve 32, that is, the restoration solenoid valve 32 is connected in series at the end of this main oil path, and the damping force of the entire restoration stroke is adjusted by controlling its circulation state.

[0057] The restoration compensation one-way valve 33 connects the oil storage cavity 17 and the restoration circulation oil path. The oil fluid compensation on the restoration side is realized through the restoration compensation one-way valve 33, and the valve opening direction is from the oil storage cavity 17 to the restoration circulation oil path, that is, it allows the oil fluid to flow from the oil storage cavity 17 to the restoration circulation oil path. When the oil path on the restoration side (including the restoration cavity 11, the restoration intermediate cavity 18 and part of the circulation oil path) needs to supplement oil fluid to prevent negative pressure or cavitation due to the movement of the piston valve group, the oil fluid can automatically supplement from the oil storage cavity 17 through this one-way valve.

[0058] The inner end of the restoration circulation block 31 is sealed and connected to the intermediate cylinder 14 and communicates with the restoration intermediate cavity 18. The restoration solenoid valve 32 is fixedly connected to the oil storage cylinder 13. The outer end of the restoration circulation block 31 is connected to the restoration solenoid valve 32. The restoration compensation one-way valve 33 is arranged on the restoration circulation block 31. That is, during the restoration process, the oil fluid can only flow from the restoration circulation oil path - the restoration solenoid valve 32 into the oil storage cavity 17.

[0059] To facilitate the installation and connection of the solenoid valve, a restoration sleeve 34 is fixedly connected to the oil storage cylinder 13. The restoration solenoid valve 32 is arranged inside the restoration sleeve 34, and the inside of the restoration sleeve 34 is connected to the oil storage cavity 17. The oil inlet valve port of the restoration solenoid valve 32 is connected to the other end of the restoration circulation oil path, and the oil outlet valve port of the restoration solenoid valve 32 is connected to the inside of the restoration sleeve 34. The oil inlet valve port (the port where the oil fluid enters the solenoid valve) of the restoration solenoid valve 32 is connected to the other end of the restoration circulation oil path (that is, the oil fluid coming out of the circulation block). The oil outlet valve port (the port where the oil fluid leaves the solenoid valve) of the solenoid valve is connected to the internal space of the restoration sleeve 34, so that the oil fluid adjusted by the solenoid valve can smoothly enter the oil storage cavity 17.

[0060] During the restoration stroke of the shock absorber, the oil fluid from the restoration cavity 11 enters the restoration intermediate cavity 18 through the circulation hole 16, and then flows into the restoration circulation oil path inside the restoration circulation block 31. The oil fluid then flows to the restoration solenoid valve 32 installed on the oil storage cylinder 13. The restoration solenoid valve 32 adjusts the flow resistance of this oil path according to the control signal. The controlled oil fluid is discharged into the inside of the restoration sleeve 34 through the oil outlet of the solenoid valve and finally flows into the oil storage cavity 17, thereby realizing variable restoration damping force.

[0061] Finally, describe the specific composition, internal flow path, and connection and installation methods with other components of the compression valve 4. The overall structure of the compression valve 4 is very similar to the previously described restoration valve 3 assembly. The compression valve 4 includes: a compression flow block 41, a compression solenoid valve 42, and a second compression compensation check valve 43.

[0062] A compression flow oil path is provided inside the compression flow block 41. One end of the compression flow oil path communicates with the compression transition chamber 19 to receive the oil from the compression transition chamber 19. The other end of the compression flow oil path communicates with the oil storage chamber 17 through the compression solenoid valve 42. That is, the compression solenoid valve 42 is connected in series at the end of this compression main oil path to adjust the compression damping force by controlling its flow state.

[0063] To achieve oil compensation on the compression side, the second compression compensation check valve 43 connects the oil storage chamber 17 and the compression flow oil path.

[0064] The inner end of the compression flow block 41 is sealed and communicates with the intermediate cylinder 14 and the compression transition chamber 19. The compression solenoid valve 42 is fixedly connected to the oil storage cylinder 13. The outer end of the compression flow block 41 communicates with the compression solenoid valve 42. The second compression compensation check valve 43 is provided on the compression flow block 41, and the valve opening direction is from the oil storage chamber 17 to the compression flow oil path, that is, allowing the oil to flow from the oil storage chamber 17 to the compression flow oil path, and oil can be supplemented from the oil storage chamber 17 to the compression chamber 12 during the compression stroke.

[0065] Similar to the restoration valve 3, a compression sleeve 44 is fixedly connected to the oil storage cylinder 13. The compression solenoid valve 42 is arranged inside the compression sleeve 44, and the inside of the compression sleeve 44 communicates with the oil storage chamber 17. The inlet valve port of the compression solenoid valve 42 communicates with the other end of the compression flow oil path, and the outlet valve port of the compression solenoid valve 42 communicates with the inside of the compression sleeve 44.

[0066] During the compression stroke of the shock absorber, the oil from the compression chamber 12 enters the compression transition chamber 19, and then flows into the compression flow oil path inside the compression flow block 41. The oil flows to the compression solenoid valve 42 installed on the oil storage cylinder 13. The compression solenoid valve 42 adjusts the resistance of the oil passing through according to the control signal. The controlled oil is discharged into the inside of the compression sleeve 44 through the outlet port and finally flows into the oil storage chamber 17.

[0067] Embodiment III

[0068] As Figure 3 and Figure 4 shown, provide the oil flow direction during the restoration stroke.

[0069] When the shock absorber is in the rebound stroke, two main oil flows occur simultaneously inside it: one is the main oil flow that generates the rebound damping force, flowing out from the compressed rebound chamber 11, passing through a series of channels and valves, and finally returning to the oil storage chamber 17; the other is the compensating oil flow that replenishes the oil for the expanding compression chamber 12, being sucked from the oil storage chamber 17 into the compression chamber 12.

[0070] The rebound stroke refers to the process in which the piston rod moves leftward (refer to Figure 3 / Figure 4 , that is, the piston rod moves in the direction away from the bottom of the working cylinder 15).

[0071] During the rebound stroke, due to the movement of the piston valve group, the volume of the rebound chamber 11 decreases, and the oil inside the chamber is squeezed. The squeezed oil needs to flow out of the rebound chamber 11, and its specific flow path is as follows: The oil flows out from the rebound chamber 11 - through the communication hole 16 (the hole connecting the rebound chamber 11 and the intermediate rebound chamber 18) - to the intermediate rebound chamber 18 - through the rebound flow block 31 (the rebound flow oil path) - to the rebound solenoid valve 32 - to the oil storage chamber 17.

[0072] While the piston rod moves outward, the volume of the compression chamber 12 increases. To prevent vacuum or bubbles (i.e., cavitation phenomenon) from being generated due to the increased volume, it is necessary to replenish the oil into the compression chamber 12 in a timely manner. The flow path of the compensating oil is as follows:

[0073] Path 1: The oil is sucked out from the oil storage chamber 17 - through the isolation component 2 (the compression compensation oil path) - the pressure of the oil pushes open the first compression compensation one-way valve 24 - the oil enters the compression chamber 12.

[0074] Path 2: The oil is sucked out from the oil storage chamber 17 - the pressure of the oil pushes open the second compression compensation one-way valve 43 - through the compression flow oil path - to the compression transition chamber 19 - the oil enters the compression chamber 12.

[0075] In practice, as Figure 4 shown, Path 2 can be omitted, and only Path 1 is retained.

[0076] Embodiment 4

[0077] As Figure 5 shown, provide the oil flow direction during the compression stroke.

[0078] When the shock absorber is in the compression stroke, two main oil flows occur simultaneously inside it: one is the main oil flow that generates the compression damping force, flowing out from the compressed compression chamber 12, passing through a series of channels and valves, and finally returning to the oil storage chamber 17; the other is the compensating oil flow that replenishes the oil for the expanding rebound chamber 11, being sucked from the oil storage chamber 17 into the rebound chamber 11.

[0079] The compression stroke refers to the process in which the piston rod moves to the right (refer to Figure 5 , that is, the piston rod moves in the direction towards the bottom of the working cylinder 15).

[0080] During the compression stroke, due to the movement of the piston valve group, the volume of the compression chamber 12 decreases, and the oil in the chamber is squeezed. The squeezed oil needs to flow out of the compression chamber 12. The specific flow path is as follows: The oil flows out of the compression chamber 12 - the compression transition chamber 19 - the compression flow block 41 (compression flow oil path) - the compression solenoid valve 42 - the oil storage chamber 17.

[0081] While the piston rod moves inward, the volume of the restoration chamber 11 increases. In order to prevent cavitation in the restoration chamber 11, it is necessary to replenish oil into it in a timely manner. The compensation oil flow path is as follows: The oil is sucked out from the oil storage chamber 17 - the pressure of the oil pushes open the restoration compensation check valve 33 - the restoration flow oil path - the restoration intermediate chamber 18 - the through hole 16 - the oil enters the restoration chamber 11.

[0082] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically and clearly defined.

[0083] Those skilled in the art should understand that the above embodiments are only for clearly explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other changes or modifications can be made based on the above invention, and these changes or modifications are still within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A variable damping shock absorber, characterized in that, Comprising: A cylinder block assembly (1), the cylinder block assembly (1) includes a working cylinder (15), an intermediate cylinder (14), and an oil storage cylinder (13) coaxially assembled from the inside to the outside. The cavity between the working cylinder (15) and the intermediate cylinder (14) is configured as a recovery intermediate cavity (18), and the cavity between the intermediate cylinder (14) and the oil storage cylinder (13) is configured as an oil storage cavity (17); A piston rod assembly (5), the piston rod assembly (5) includes a piston rod and a piston valve group. The piston valve group is arranged in the working cylinder (15) and divides the working cylinder (15) into a recovery cavity (11) and a compression cavity (12). A communication hole (16) is provided on the intermediate cylinder (14) to connect the recovery intermediate cavity (18) and the recovery cavity (11); A guide (6) that seals the front end of the cylinder block assembly (1); An isolation assembly (2) is arranged in the intermediate cylinder (14) and divides the intermediate cylinder (14) into a recovery intermediate cavity (18) and a compression transition cavity (19). The compression transition cavity (19) is communicated with the compression cavity (12). The isolation assembly (2) seals the rear end of the working cylinder (15). The recovery intermediate cavity (18) is configured as the cavity between the intermediate cylinder (14) and the working cylinder (15); A recovery valve (3), the recovery intermediate cavity (18) is communicated with the oil storage cavity (17) through the recovery valve (3); A compression valve (4), the compression transition cavity (19) is communicated with the oil storage cavity (17) through the compression valve (4).

2. The variable damping shock absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that, The isolation assembly (2) includes: a bottom valve assembly (21), a plug (23), and a connecting member (22). The connecting member connects the plug (23) and the bottom valve assembly (21). The bottom valve assembly (21), the plug (23), the connecting member (22), and the intermediate cylinder (14) form at least a part of the inner boundary of the compression transition cavity (19). The compression transition cavity (19) exchanges media through a compression inlet (191) and a compression outlet (192). A sealing assembly (211) is provided between the bottom valve assembly (21) and the intermediate cylinder (14); The plug (23) forms a sealed connection with the rear end of the intermediate cylinder (14). A compression compensation oil passage connecting the oil storage cavity (17) and the compression cavity (12) is provided in the bottom valve assembly (21), the plug (23), and the connecting member (22). A compression compensation first one-way valve (24) is provided in the compression compensation oil passage. The connecting member (22) forms at least a part of the inner boundary of the compression transition cavity (19).

3. The variable damping shock absorber according to claim 2, characterized in that, The connecting member (22) is a spacer sleeve with an outer diameter smaller than that of the intermediate cylinder (14). The first end of the spacer sleeve is fixedly and sealingly connected to the bottom valve assembly (21), and the second end of the spacer sleeve is sealingly and fixedly connected to the plug (23). An inner through hole communicating the interior of the spacer sleeve with the long through hole of the compression chamber (12) is provided on the bottom valve assembly (21). The compression compensation first one-way valve (24) is arranged inside the inner through hole, and its valve opening direction is from the interior of the spacer sleeve to the compression chamber (12). An outer through hole (231) communicating the interior of the connecting member (22) with the oil storage chamber (17) is provided on the plug (23).

4. A variable damping shock absorber according to claim 1, wherein, The restoration valve (3) includes a restoration flow-through block (31), a restoration solenoid valve (32), and a restoration compensation one-way valve (33). A restoration flow-through oil passage is provided inside the restoration flow-through block (31). One end of the restoration flow-through oil passage communicates with the restoration intermediate chamber (18), and the other end of the restoration flow-through oil passage communicates with the oil storage chamber (17) through the restoration solenoid valve (32). The restoration compensation one-way valve (33) communicates the oil storage chamber (17) with the restoration flow-through oil passage.

5. A variable damping shock absorber according to claim 4, characterized in that, The inner end of the restoration flow-through block (31) is welded to the intermediate cylinder (14) and communicates with the restoration intermediate chamber (18). The restoration solenoid valve (32) is fixedly connected to the oil storage cylinder (13). The outer end of the restoration flow-through block (31) is sealed with the end face of the restoration solenoid valve (32). The restoration compensation one-way valve (33) is arranged on the restoration flow-through block (31), and its valve opening direction is from the oil storage chamber (17) to the restoration flow-through oil passage.

6. The variable damping shock absorber according to claim 5, characterized in that, A restoration sleeve (34) is welded to the oil storage cylinder (13). The restoration solenoid valve (32) is arranged inside the restoration sleeve (34), and the interior of the restoration sleeve (34) communicates with the oil storage chamber (17). The oil inlet valve port of the restoration solenoid valve (32) communicates with the other end of the restoration flow-through oil passage, and the oil outlet valve port of the restoration solenoid valve (32) communicates with the interior of the restoration sleeve (34).

7. A variable damping shock absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that, The compression valve (4) includes a compression flow-through block (41), a compression solenoid valve (42), and a compression compensation second one-way valve (43). A compression flow-through oil passage is provided inside the compression flow-through block (41). One end of the compression flow-through oil passage communicates with the compression transition chamber (19), and the other end of the compression flow-through oil passage communicates with the oil storage chamber (17) through the compression solenoid valve (42). The compression compensation second one-way valve (43) communicates the oil storage chamber (17) with the compression flow-through oil passage.

8. A variable damping shock absorber according to claim 7, characterized in that, The inner end of the compression flow block (41) is welded to the intermediate cylinder (14) and communicates with the compression transition chamber (19). The compression solenoid valve (42) is fixedly connected to the oil storage cylinder (13). The outer end of the compression flow block (41) communicates with the compression solenoid valve (42). The compression compensation second one-way valve (43) is arranged on the compression flow block (41), and the valve opening direction is from the oil storage chamber (17) to the compression flow oil path.

9. A variable damping shock absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that, The front end of the piston rod passes through the guide (6). The rear end of the piston rod is fixedly connected to the piston valve group. The piston rod is coaxially arranged with the cylinder block assembly (1).

10. A variable damping shock absorber according to claims 1-9, characterized in that, A compression sleeve (44) is welded to the oil storage cylinder (13). The compression solenoid valve (42) is arranged in the compression sleeve (44). The inside of the compression sleeve (44) communicates with the oil storage chamber (17). The inlet valve port of the compression solenoid valve (42) communicates with the other end of the compression flow oil path. The outlet valve port of the compression solenoid valve (42) communicates with the inside of the compression sleeve (44).

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