Automatic transmission

Abstract

The invention provides an automatic transmission, and belongs to the technical field of speed change. The problem that assembling is inconvenient is solved. The inner ring is fixed to the output shaft, the high-speed transmission assembly is axially fixed to the outer side of the inner ring and is in circumferential linkage with the input shaft, and a control disc which can be driven by the high-speed transmission assembly to rotate so that the high-speed transmission assembly and the inner ring can be in circumferential linkage is axially fixed to the output shaft. An elastic reset piece is arranged between the control disc and the inner ring and is a tension spring, the control disc is provided with a first connector facing the inner ring, the inner ring is provided with a second connector facing the control disc, the first connector and the second connector are sleeved with the two ends of the tension spring respectively, and the control disc is provided with a through first receding groove in the axis direction of the control disc. The projection of the end of the second connector on the control panel is located on the inner side of the first receding groove. The device has the advantages of convenience in assembly and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of variable speed, and relates to an automatic transmission. Background Art

[0002] Existing electric tricycles or electric bicycles are equipped with an automatic transmission mechanism, enabling them to automatically move forward and switch automatically between low-speed and high-speed forward gears. For example, the transmission mechanism of the transmission disclosed in Patent Application No. 202011297355.3 includes a main shaft, an inner ring sleeved on the main shaft and forming a linkage relationship with the main shaft, and an outer ring axially fixed outside the inner ring. A rotatable control disk is also sleeved on the main shaft. A clutch structure is provided between the outer ring and the control disk to enable circumferential linkage between the two. An active groove is provided on the outer side of the inner ring, and rollers are provided in the active groove. When the control disk rotates relative to the inner ring, it can drive the rollers to move along the active groove, causing the outer ring and the inner ring to be circumferentially linked or disengaged. The rollers can rotate freely relative to the control disk. It also includes an elastic reset member. Under the elastic force of the elastic reset member, the control disk always has a tendency to drive the rollers to move in the direction of disengaging the outer ring and the inner ring circumferentially. Specifically, a cylindrical extension is provided at the center of the side of the control disk facing away from the inner ring. The extension is located inside the clutch structure. A shoulder is provided on the inner side of the end of the extension. The elastic reset member is a torsion spring provided inside the extension and sleeved outside the main shaft. The two ends of the torsion spring are respectively bent to form insertion portions. A hole one is provided on the inner ring, and a hole two is provided on the shoulder. One of the insertion portions is inserted into the hole one on the inner ring, and the other insertion portion is inserted into the hole two on the shoulder.

[0003] The electric vehicle has two gears: low-speed forward and high-speed forward. This transmission mechanism is used to achieve the speed change transmission when the electric vehicle switches from low-speed forward to high-speed forward. When the electric vehicle is moving forward at low speed, both the outer ring and the main shaft rotate at low speed, and the rotational speed of the main shaft remains unchanged. The outer ring receives the high rotational speed input by the motor and starts to rotate at high speed. At this time, the rotational speed of the outer ring is greater than that of the main shaft, so the outer ring drives the control disk to rotate through the clutch structure. The control disk drives the rollers to move along the active groove, causing the outer ring and the inner ring to wedge together, enabling circumferential linkage between the outer ring and the inner ring. The outer ring then drives the inner ring to rotate at high speed, and further drives the main shaft to rotate at high speed. After the electric vehicle stops rotating, the outer ring stops rotating, and the main shaft continues to rotate under the action of inertia. At this time, the rotational speed of the inner ring is greater than that of the outer ring, so the inner ring drives the control disk to rotate. In this state, rolling friction is formed between the rollers and the inner wall of the outer ring, causing the outer ring and the inner ring to slip. When the main shaft stops rotating, the inner ring remains stationary, and the control disk controls the rollers to move along the active groove again under the action of the elastic reset member, causing the outer ring and the inner ring to be completely disengaged circumferentially.

[0004] In the speed-changing mechanism of the above speed-changing transmission, the torsion spring is located inside the extension of the control disk. During assembly, there are two options. One is to first place the torsion spring inside the extension of the control disk by inserting one of its plug-in parts into hole two, and then when the control disk is installed and fixed to the main shaft, insert the plug-in part at the other end of the torsion spring into hole one of the inner ring. For this assembly method, due to the presence of pins on the control disk, it is difficult to observe the relative position between the plug-in part at the other end of the torsion spring and hole one of the inner ring during the installation process. The other is to first insert the plug-in part at one end of the torsion spring into hole one, and then when the control disk is installed and fixed to the main shaft, slip the extension over the torsion spring and insert the plug-in part at the other end of the torsion spring into hole two. Obviously, this assembly method has higher requirements compared to the first assembly method (because the extension blocks the entire torsion spring, making it impossible to observe the positional relationship between the plug-in part of the torsion spring and hole two). Therefore, there is a problem of inconvenient assembly in the speed-changing mechanism of this speed-changing transmission. Summary of the Invention

[0005] An object of the present invention is to address the above problems existing in the prior art by providing an automatic transmission that solves the problem of inconvenient assembly.

[0006] The object of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0007] An automatic transmission includes an input shaft, an output shaft, an inner ring fixed to the output shaft, and a high-speed transmission assembly axially fixed outside the inner ring and circumferentially linked with the input shaft. The output shaft is axially fixed with a control disk that can be driven by the high-speed transmission assembly to rotate, causing the high-speed transmission assembly and the inner ring to be circumferentially linked. An elastic reset member is provided between the control disk and the inner ring. The elastic reset member is a tension spring. The control disk has a connection head one facing the inner ring, and the inner ring has a connection head two facing the control disk. The two ends of the tension spring are respectively sleeved on the connection head one and the connection head two. The control disk is provided with a through relief groove one along its axis direction, and the projection of the end of the connection head two on the control disk is located inside the relief groove one.

[0008] The elastic resetting member is mainly used to automatically reset the control disk after the high-speed transmission component stops rotating. In this automatic transmission, a tension spring is used as the elastic resetting member. A first connector is provided on the control disk, and a second connector is provided on the inner ring. The two ends of the tension spring are respectively sleeved on the first connector and the second connector. The elastic force of the tension spring acts on the control disk through the first connector, enabling it to reset and move after the high-speed transmission component stops rotating, so that the inner ring and the high-speed transmission component are disengaged circumferentially. At the same time, since the first connector is arranged towards the inner ring and the second connector is arranged towards the control disk, and a through first relief groove is provided on the control disk along its axis direction, and the projection of the end of the second connector on the control disk is located inside the first relief groove, which enables the production personnel to assemble the tension spring very conveniently. Specifically, it is as follows: First, install the inner ring on the output shaft, then sleeve one end of the tension spring on the first connector and slightly adjust the position of the tension spring so that the other end is located at the first relief groove, and then install the control disk on the output shaft. At this time, the tension spring is located between the control disk and the inner ring. Then, the production personnel use a hook to hook the other end of the tension spring out from the first relief groove and directly sleeve it on the second connector. Through the above settings, while ensuring that the control disk of this automatic transmission can be automatically reset, the assembly difficulty during production is greatly reduced.

[0009] In the above automatic transmission, the inner ring has an annular groove, and the second connector is fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the annular groove. The first connector and the tension spring are both located in the annular groove.

[0010] By providing an annular groove on the inner ring, fixedly connecting the second connector to the bottom wall of the annular groove, and arranging the first connector and the tension spring in the annular groove, it not only enables the tension spring to be conveniently installed and fixed, but also does not change the overall volume of the automatic transmission.

[0011] In the above automatic transmission, the end of the first connector is close to the bottom wall of the annular groove.

[0012] The end of the first connector is close to the bottom wall of the annular groove. In the process of sleeving one end of the tension spring on the first connector and then hooking the other end of the tension spring out from the first relief groove and sleeving it on the second connector, it can ensure that the tension spring will not disengage from the first connector. That is to say, the user does not need to consider how to prevent the tension spring from disengaging from the first connector during the assembly process, further improving the assembly convenience.

[0013] In the above automatic transmission, a through second relief groove is also provided on the control disk along the axial direction, and the first connector is fixedly connected to the edge position of the second relief groove.

[0014] The existence of the second relief groove can provide a clear view for the production personnel to observe the sleeved state between the tension spring and the first connector, avoiding the situation where the tension spring and the first connector are disengaged during the process of the production personnel installing the control disk on the output shaft but the production personnel are unaware of it.

[0015] In the above automatic transmission, the number of the tension springs is two, and there are two tension springs. The control disk has two of the above-mentioned connecting heads one, the inner ring has two of the above-mentioned connecting heads two, and the control disk has two of the above-mentioned relief grooves one.

[0016] Two tension springs are used for resetting, so the reset is more stable. At the same time, the installation of each tension spring is independent of each other, and both are connected in such a way that one end is first sleeved on the connecting head one, and then the other end is hooked out from the relief groove one and then sleeved on the connecting head two. Therefore, it is still very convenient during assembly.

[0017] In the above automatic transmission, the control disk further has an annular plate body, several bumps distributed along the circumferential direction at one side edge of the plate body, and a fitting head protruding from the center of the other side of the plate body and having a through hole concentric with the central hole of the plate body. The connecting head one and the relief groove one are both arranged on the plate body. A freely rotatable roller two is arranged between two adjacent bumps. The high-speed transmission assembly includes a bottom plate that is circumferentially linked with the input shaft and an outer ring fixedly connected to the bottom plate. Two driving blocks symmetrically distributed outside the fitting head are hinged on the bottom plate. The two driving blocks can swing around their respective hinge points when the bottom plate rotates and clamp outside the fitting head to make it rotate.

[0018] The fitting head is used to cooperate with the two driving blocks to enable the high-speed transmission assembly to drive the control disk to rotate. The relief groove one is arranged on the plate body. The thickness of the plate body is relatively thin, so the opening depth of the relief groove one is also relatively small. This can ensure that the other end of the tension spring can be easily hooked out of the relief groove one by the hook, and the production personnel can sleeve the end of the tension spring on the connecting head two from the relief groove one to complete the installation and fixation of the tension spring.

[0019] In the above automatic transmission, an arc-shaped limiting groove penetrating along the axial direction is further arranged on the plate body, and a limiting post is fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the annular groove. The limiting post is located in the arc-shaped limiting groove and can move along it.

[0020] The transmission mechanism of this automatic transmission forms the limit of the rotation of the control disk through the movement of the limiting post in the arc-shaped limiting groove. This limiting structure is arranged between the inner ring and the plate body of the control disk, rather than between the outer peripheral side of the inner ring and the bumps of the control disk (the speed change mechanism of the speed change transmission disclosed in 202011297355.3 in the background art is arranged between the outer peripheral side of the inner ring and the control disk). In this way, the number of the roller two can be set more without being affected by the limiting structure. The more the number of the roller two, the smaller the force borne by each roller two, and the longer the service life of the transmission mechanism of the automatic transmission becomes.

[0021] In the above automatic transmission, two arc-shaped connecting surfaces with the same radius are provided on the outer side of the mating head. The center lines of the two arc-shaped connecting surfaces are arranged in parallel, and the center line of the through hole is located between the center lines of the two arc-shaped connecting surfaces. Abutting surfaces are respectively connected between the adjacent ends of the two arc-shaped connecting surfaces.

[0022] When the two driving blocks swing around their respective hinge points, the two driving blocks will simultaneously contact the outer side of the mating head, and during the subsequent high-speed rotation of the high-speed input gear, the two driving blocks will respectively move along the two arc-shaped connecting surfaces to abut against the two abutting surfaces and push the control disk to rotate. Compared with the situation where the driving block simply drives the control disk to rotate by friction, the mating method adopted by this transmission mechanism will not cause slipping, making the mating between the driving block and the control disk more stable.

[0023] An automatic transmission includes an input shaft, an output shaft, an inner ring located on the input shaft and circumferentially linked to the output shaft, and a high-speed transmission component fixed on the input shaft and located outside the inner ring. A control disk that can be driven by the high-speed transmission component to rotate so that the high-speed transmission component and the inner ring are circumferentially linked is axially fixed on the input shaft. An elastic resetting member is provided between the control disk and the inner ring. It is characterized in that the elastic resetting member is a tension spring. The control disk has a connecting head one facing the inner ring, and the inner ring has a connecting head two facing the control disk. The two end parts of the tension spring are respectively sleeved on the connecting head one and the connecting head two. A through relief groove one is provided on the control disk along the direction of its axis. The projection of the end part of the connecting head two on the control disk is located inside the relief groove one.

[0024] The elastic resetting member is mainly used for the automatic reset of the control disk after the high-speed transmission component stops rotating. In this automatic transmission, a tension spring is used as the elastic resetting member. A connecting head one is provided on the control disk, and a connecting head two is provided on the inner ring. The two ends of the tension spring are respectively sleeved on the connecting head one and the connecting head two. The elastic force of the tension spring acts on the control disk through the connecting head one so that it can reset and move after the high-speed transmission component stops rotating, and the inner ring and the high-speed transmission component are disengaged circumferentially. At the same time, since the connecting head one faces the inner ring, the connecting head two faces the control disk, and a through relief groove one is provided on the control disk along the direction of its axis, and the projection of the end part of the connecting head two on the control disk is located inside the relief groove one, which enables the production personnel to assemble the tension spring very conveniently. Specifically, it is as follows: First, install the inner ring on the input shaft, then sleeve one end of the tension spring on the connecting head one and slightly adjust the position of the tension spring so that the other end is located at the relief groove one, and then install the control disk on the input shaft. At this time, the tension spring is located between the control disk and the inner ring. Then, the production personnel use a hook to hook the other end of the tension spring out from the relief groove one and directly sleeve it on the connecting head two. Through the above settings, while ensuring that the control disk of this automatic transmission can be automatically reset, the assembly difficulty during production is greatly reduced.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the automatic transmission adopts a tension spring as an elastic reset member, and a connector head 1 facing the inner ring is arranged on the control disk, and a connector head 2 facing the control disk is arranged on the inner ring, the two ends of the tension spring are respectively sleeved on the connector head 1 and the connector head 2, and the control disk is provided with a through-groove 1 along the direction of its axial center line, and the projection of the end of the connector head 2 on the control disk is located on the inner side of the groove 1, so that the tension spring can be installed and fixed in a manner that one end is first sleeved on the connector head 1 and then the other end is hooked out from the groove with a hook and then sleeved on the connector head 2. While meeting the requirement that the control disk can be automatically reset, the difficulty of assembly during production is greatly reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the automatic transmission in the first embodiment.

[0027] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the output shaft in the first embodiment.

[0028] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of the output shaft in the first embodiment.

[0029] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the automatic transmission in the first embodiment without the high-speed input gear, the bottom plate and the two driving blocks.

[0030] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the decomposition state.

[0031] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 Schematic diagram from another angle in the decomposed state.

[0032] Figure 7 yes Figure 3 Sectional view along AA direction.

[0033] Figure 8 It is a structural diagram of the control panel.

[0034] Figure 9 It is an exploded diagram between the two drive blocks and the control panel.

[0035] Figure 10 It is a cross-sectional view between the two drive blocks and the control panel.

[0036] Figure 11 yes Figure 3 Cross-sectional view along the BB axis.

[0037] Figure 12 It is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the wedge plate and each friction block.

[0038] Figure 13It is a schematic structural diagram of a friction block.

[0039] Figure 14 It is a schematic exploded view between the inner ring and the engaging disc.

[0040] In the figure, 1 is the input shaft; 2 is the output shaft; 3 is the inner ring; 3a is the second connecting head; 3b is the annular groove; 3c is the limiting post; 3d is the mating part; 4 is the high-speed transmission assembly; 5 is the control disc; 5a is the plate body; 5a1 is the first connecting head; 5a2 is the first relief groove; 5a3 is the second relief groove; 5a4 is the arc-shaped limiting groove; 5b is the convex block; 5c is the mating head; 5c1 is the arc-shaped connecting surface; 5c2 is the abutting surface; 6 is the low-speed output gear; 7 is the high-speed output gear; 8 is the low-speed input gear; 9 is the high-speed input gear; 10 is the external spline sleeve; 11 is the coupling ring; 12 is the first roller; 13 is the bottom plate; 14 is the outer ring; 15 is the driving block; 15a is the clamping part; 16 is the second roller; 17 is the tension spring; 18 is the magnetic block; 19 is the outer cover; 20 is the engaging disc; 20a is the mating groove; 20b is the coupling notch; 20b1 is the second engaging surface; 21 is the friction block; 21a is the coupling block; 21a1 is the first engaging surface; 22 is the disc; 22a is the mounting hole; 23 is the acting spring; 24 is the flexible coupling; 25 is the abutting block; 26 is the relief gap. Specific embodiments

[0041] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the technical solutions of the present invention will be further described, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0042] Embodiment 1

[0043] As Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the automatic transmission includes an input shaft 1 and an output shaft 2 parallel to the input shaft 1. An inner ring 3 is fixed on the output shaft 2. A high-speed transmission assembly 4 and a control disk 5 are also axially fixed on the output shaft 2. The high-speed transmission assembly 4 is circumferentially linked with the input shaft 1 and is located outside the inner ring 3. The control disk 5 can be driven by the high-speed transmission assembly 4 to rotate, enabling the high-speed transmission assembly 4 and the inner ring 3 to be circumferentially linked. Since the inner ring 3 is fixed on the output shaft 2, and the high-speed transmission assembly 4 is axially fixed on the output shaft 2 and located outside the inner ring 3, it means that the high-speed transmission assembly 4 is axially fixed outside the inner ring 3. Specifically, a low-speed output gear 6 and a high-speed output gear 7 are fixedly connected to the input shaft 1. A low-speed input gear 8 and a high-speed input gear 9 are axially fixed on the output shaft 2. The low-speed output gear 6 meshes with the low-speed input gear 8, and the high-speed output gear 7 meshes with the high-speed input gear 9. An external spline sleeve 10 that can connect the output shaft 2 to the vehicle wheel hub is also fixedly connected to the output shaft 2. A coupling ring 11 is axially fixed on the output shaft 2 and they are circumferentially linked. The low-speed input gear 8 is located outside the coupling ring 11, and the two are in one-way circumferential transmission through a number of rollers 12. The high-speed transmission assembly 4 is circumferentially fixed to the high-speed input gear 9. The outer diameter of the low-speed input gear 8 is larger than that of the low-speed output gear 6, and the outer diameter of the high-speed input gear 9 is larger than that of the high-speed output gear 7. The transmission ratio of the high-speed output gear 7 to the high-speed input gear 9 is greater than that of the low-speed output gear 6 to the low-speed input gear 8 (the transmission ratio refers to the ratio of the driving gear to the driven gear), approximately 2.5 times.

[0044] As Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 9 and Figure 10 shown, the high-speed transmission assembly 4 includes a bottom plate 13 located on one side of the high-speed input gear 9 and circumferentially fixed to the high-speed input gear 9 through a concave-convex structure, and an outer ring 14 fixedly connected to the bottom plate 13 (through the circumferential fixation of the bottom plate 13 to the high-speed input gear 9, the high-speed transmission assembly 4 is circumferentially fixed to the high-speed input gear 9, thereby achieving circumferential linkage with the input shaft 1). Two driving blocks 15 are hinged on the bottom plate 13. The two driving blocks 15 are arranged outside the control disk 5. When the bottom plate 13 rotates with the high-speed input gear 9, the two driving blocks 15 can swing around their respective hinge points and drive the control disk 5 to rotate. A number of rollers 16 are provided between the outer ring 14 and the inner ring 3 to enable one-way circumferential transmission between the two. Each roller 16 is limited on the control disk 5 and can rotate freely relative to the control disk 5. An elastic resetting member is connected between the control disk 5 and the inner ring 3. When the outer ring 14 is stationary, the control disk 5 can rotate under the elastic force of the elastic resetting member and control the roller 16 to disengage the outer ring 14 and the inner ring 3 circumferentially.

[0045] Furthermore, as Figure 3 , Figure 4 ,Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown, the elastic reset member is a tension spring 17. The control disk 5 has a first connecting head 5a1 facing the inner ring 3, and the inner ring 3 has a second connecting head 3a facing the control disk 5. The two ends of the tension spring 17 are respectively sleeved on the first connecting head 5a1 and the second connecting head 3a. The control disk 5 is provided with a through first relief groove 5a2 along its axis direction, and the projection of the end of the second connecting head 3a on the control disk 5 is located inside the first relief groove 5a2. Specifically, one side of the inner ring 3 facing the control disk 5 has an annular groove 3b. The second connecting head 3a is cylindrical and fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the annular groove 3b. The first connecting head 5a1 and the tension spring 17 are both located in the annular groove 3b, and the end of the first connecting head 5a1 is close to the bottom wall of the annular groove 3b. The elastic reset member is mainly used for the automatic reset of the control disk 5 after the high-speed transmission assembly 4 stops rotating. In this automatic transmission, the tension spring 17 is used as the elastic reset member. The control disk 5 is provided with the first connecting head 5a1, and the inner ring 3 is provided with the second connecting head 3a. The two ends of the tension spring 17 are respectively sleeved on the first connecting head 5a1 and the second connecting head 3a. The elastic force of the tension spring 17 acts on the control disk 5 through the first connecting head 5a1, enabling it to reset and move after the high-speed transmission assembly 4 stops rotating, so that the second roller 16 moves to a position where the high-speed transmission assembly 4 and the inner ring 3 are disengaged circumferentially. At the same time, since the first connecting head 5a1 faces the inner ring 3, the second connecting head 3a faces the control disk 5, and the control disk 5 is provided with a through first relief groove 5a2 along its axis direction, and the projection of the end of the second connecting head 3a on the control disk 5 is located inside the first relief groove 5a2, which enables the production personnel to assemble the tension spring 17 very conveniently. Specifically, it is as follows: First, install the inner ring 3 on the output shaft 2, then sleeve one end of the tension spring 17 on the first connecting head 5a1 and slightly adjust the position of the tension spring 17 so that its other end is located at the first relief groove 5a2. Then install the control disk 5 on the output shaft 2 as well. At this time, the tension spring 17 is located between the control disk 5 and the inner ring 3. Then, the production personnel use a hook to hook out the other end of the tension spring 17 from the first relief groove 5a2 and directly sleeve it on the second connecting head 3a (since the end of the first connecting head 5a1 is close to the bottom wall of the annular groove 3b after the control disk 5 is installed on the output shaft 2, it can be ensured that the tension spring 17 will not break away from the first connecting head 5a1 during the process of sleeving one end of the tension spring 17 on the first connecting head 5a1 and then hooking out the other end of the tension spring 17 from the first relief groove 5a2 and sleeving it on the second connecting head 3a). Through the above settings, while ensuring that the control disk 5 of this automatic transmission can be automatically reset, the assembly difficulty during production is greatly reduced. The control disk 5 is also provided with a through second relief groove 5a3 along its axis direction, and the first connecting head 5a1 is fixedly connected to the edge position of the second relief groove 5a3.The existence of the second relief groove 5a3 can provide a clear view for production personnel to observe the sleeved state between the tension spring 17 and the first connector 5a1, preventing the situation where the tension spring 17 disengages from the first connector 5a1 during the installation of the control disk 5 onto the output shaft 2 without the production personnel being aware. In this embodiment, the number of tension springs 17 is two, and the two tension springs 17 are symmetrically distributed on the outer peripheral side of the output shaft 2. The control disk 5 correspondingly has two first connectors 5a1, two first relief grooves 5a2, and two second relief grooves 5a3. The inner ring 3 correspondingly has two second connectors 3a, and both of the two second connectors 3a are fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the annular groove 3b. Using two tension springs 17 for reset makes the reset more stable. At the same time, the installation of each tension spring 17 is independent of each other, and each is connected in such a way that one end is first sleeved on the first connector 5a1, and then the other end is hooked out from the first relief groove 5a2 and sleeved on the second connector 3a, so it is still very convenient during assembly.

[0046] Further, as Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 shown, the control disk 5 has an annular plate body 5a, a number of bumps 5b distributed circumferentially along one edge of the plate body 5a, and a fitting head 5c protruding from the center of the other side of the plate body 5a and having a through hole concentric with the central hole of the plate body 5a. The inner ring 3 abuts against the plate body 5a. Each bump 5b is located between the inner ring 3 and the outer ring 14. A positioning groove is formed between adjacent bumps 5b, and each second roller 16 is respectively located in each positioning groove. The first connector 5a1, the first relief groove 5a2, and the second relief groove 5a3 are all provided on the plate body 5a. The control disk 5 is also provided with a through arc-shaped limiting groove 5a4 along its axis direction. The arc-shaped limiting groove 5a4 is concentric with the control disk 5. A limiting post 3c is also fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the annular groove 3b. The limiting post 3c is located in the arc-shaped limiting groove 5a4 and can move along it. The rotation of the control disk 5 is limited by the movement of the limiting post 3c in the arc-shaped limiting groove 5a4. This limiting structure is arranged between the inner ring 3 and the plate body 5a of the control disk 5, rather than between the outer peripheral side of the inner ring 3 and the bumps 5b of the control disk 5. In this way, the number of the second rollers 16 can be set more without being affected by the limiting structure (if the limiting structure is arranged between the outer peripheral side of the inner ring 3 and the bumps 5b of the control disk 5, then the length of the bumps 5b along the circumference of the control disk 5 must be set relatively long, and the circumference of the control disk 5 is unchanged, so the number of the second rollers 16 that can be set is naturally less). The more the number of the second rollers 16, the smaller the force borne by each second roller 16.

[0047] As Figure 9 and Figure 10As shown, two driving blocks 15 are symmetrically distributed on the outside of the mating head 5c. Two magnets 18 are also fixed on the bottom plate 13. The magnets 18 are arranged at intervals from the driving blocks 15. The driving blocks 15 are arc-shaped and one end of each of them is a clamping part 15a. The other end of the driving block 15 is adsorbed on the corresponding magnet 18. The hinge point of the driving block 15 and the bottom plate 13 is located near the clamping part 15a. The length from the end of the driving block 15 adsorbed on the magnet 18 to the hinge point of the driving block 15 and the bottom plate 13 is greater than the length from the hinge point of the driving block 15 and the bottom plate 13 to the end of the clamping part 15a. The outside of the mating head 5c has two arc-shaped connecting surfaces 5c1 with a radian of 180 degrees each. The radii of the two arc-shaped connecting surfaces 5c1 are the same. The center lines of the two arc-shaped connecting surfaces 5c1 are parallel to the center line of the through hole, and the center line of the through hole is located between the center lines of the two arc-shaped connecting surfaces 5c1. Abutting surfaces 5c2 are respectively connected between the adjacent ends of the two arc-shaped connecting surfaces 5c1. Regarding how the two driving blocks 15 drive the control disk 5 to rotate, the following is the explanation: Since the two driving blocks 15 are hinged to the bottom plate 13, and the bottom plate 13 is circumferentially fixed to the high-speed input gear 9, when the high-speed input gear 9 rotates at a high speed, the two driving blocks 15 tend to move outward from the bottom plate 13 under the action of centrifugal force. However, at the same time, since the length from the end of the driving block 15 adsorbed on the magnet 18 to the hinge point of the driving block 15 and the bottom plate 13 is greater than the length from the hinge point of the driving block 15 and the bottom plate 13 to the end of the clamping part 15a (a longer length means a heavier weight), this will cause a state where the end of the driving block 15 adsorbed on the magnet 18 swings outward and the clamping part 15a moves inward. In this way, the clamping parts 15a of the two driving blocks 15 will simultaneously contact the outer side wall of the mating head 5c of the control disk 5, and in the subsequent high-speed rotation of the high-speed input gear 9, the clamping parts 15a of the two driving blocks 15 will respectively move along the two arc-shaped connecting surfaces 5c1 until they abut against the two abutting surfaces 5c2, thereby pushing the control disk 5 to rotate.

[0048] Further, as Figure 3 , Figure 11 , Figure 12 , Figure 13 and Figure 14As shown, an outer cover 19 and a wedging disc 20 are also axially fixed to the output shaft 2. A number of friction blocks 21 are provided inside the outer cover 19. The friction blocks 21 are circumferentially distributed. Each friction block 21 is located on the outer peripheral side of the wedging disc 20, and a wedging structure capable of enabling one-way circumferential linkage between the two is provided between the wedging disc 20 and each friction block 21. A disc 22 is also axially fixed to the output shaft 2. The disc 22 is located on the other side of the wedging disc 20, and each friction block 21 is located on the outer peripheral side of the disc 22. A number of mounting holes 22a are provided on the disc 22 in the circumferential direction. Each mounting hole 22a is opened along the radial direction of the disc 22. A working spring 23 is provided in the mounting hole 22a. The working spring 23 abuts against the friction block 21 to make it contact with the inner peripheral wall of the outer cover 19. The outer cover 19 is located on one side of the coupling ring 11. A number of slots are provided on the coupling ring 11. The outer cover 19 correspondingly has a number of insertion blocks. Through the cooperation of the insertion blocks and the slots, the outer cover 19 and the coupling ring 11 are circumferentially fixed. A spline hole is provided at the center of the outer cover 19, and an external spline corresponding to the spline hole is provided on the output shaft 2 to form circumferential fixation between the two. The wedging disc 20 is located on one side of the inner ring 3. A mating groove 20a concentric with the output shaft 2 is provided on the wedging disc 20. A mating portion 3d in the shape of a block is provided on the inner ring 3 and is located in the mating groove 20a. An elastic flexible coupling member 24 is provided in the mating groove 20a. The flexible coupling member 24 is located on the movement track of the mating portion 3d when the inner ring 3 rotates. In this embodiment, the flexible coupling member 24 is specifically a spring, and the number of springs is two. A abutting block 25 is provided between the two springs. The two ends of one spring respectively abut against the mating portion 3d and the abutting block 25, and the two ends of the other spring respectively abut against the abutting block 25 and an arc-shaped end wall of the mating groove 20a. In addition to the spring, the flexible coupling member 24 can also be set as a strip-shaped block made of polyurethane material. Further, the number of the mating grooves 20a is two and is symmetrically distributed with respect to the center of the wedging disc 20. The number of the mating portions 3d is two. The flexible coupling members 24 are provided in both of the two mating grooves 20a. A coupling block 21a protrudes from the inner side wall of the friction block 21 corresponding to the wedging disc 20 (that is, not including the inner side wall of the friction block 21 corresponding to the disc 22). A coupling notch 20b is provided on the outer peripheral side of the wedging disc 20. The coupling block 21a is located in the coupling notch 20b. The wedging structure includes a first wedging surface 21a1 located on the coupling block 21a and a second wedging surface 20b1 located in the coupling notch 20b and abuting against the first wedging surface 21a1. The second wedging surface 20b1 can move along the first wedging surface 21a1 when the wedging disc 20 rotates and radially push the friction block 21 along the wedging disc 20.The friction blocks 21 are arc-shaped. There are clearance spaces 26 at both ends of each friction block 21 and the corresponding ends of adjacent friction blocks 21. The provision of the clearance spaces 26 enables the friction blocks 21 not to be in contact with each other. In this way, when the machining accuracy of the outer side walls of the friction blocks 21 is not very high, the friction blocks 21 can utilize the clearance spaces 26 to automatically adjust their postures to a certain extent to ensure effective contact between the outer side walls of the friction blocks 21 and the inner peripheral wall of the outer cover 19.

[0049] In the running state, power is output by the motor. The input shaft 1 receives the power of the motor and transmits it to the output shaft 2 for output. The vehicle has two states: low-speed forward and high-speed forward. When the vehicle needs to move forward at low speed, the motor outputs a relatively low speed and transmits it to the input shaft 1 to make it rotate at low speed. The input shaft 1 drives the low-speed input gear 8 to rotate through the low-speed output gear 6 and drives the high-speed input gear 9 through the high-speed output gear 7. Although the rotational speed of the high-speed input gear 9 is greater than that of the low-speed input gear 8 due to the large transmission ratio, because the output rotational speed of the motor itself is low, the rotational speed of the high-speed input gear 9 is not sufficient to make the two driving blocks 15 swing to overcome the suction force of the magnets 18. In this way, the control disk 5 will not be driven by the high-speed transmission assembly 4 to control the roller two 16 to move to a position where the outer ring 14 and the inner ring 3 are in circumferential linkage, that is, the outer ring 14 and the inner ring 3 are not combined together. At this time, the power is transmitted from the low-speed input gear 8 to the coupling ring 11 through the roller one 12, and is transmitted from the coupling ring 11 to the output shaft 2 to make it rotate. And in this state, the outer cover 19 rotates together with the coupling ring 11.

[0050] When the vehicle needs to move forward at high speed, the output speed of the motor is controlled to increase, causing the input shaft 1 to rotate at high speed. The rotational speed of the high-speed input gear 9 is also greater than that of the low-speed input gear 8, and the high-speed input gear 9 rotates at a relatively high speed, causing the two driving blocks 15 to swing against the suction force of the magnetic block 18 and push the control disk 5 to rotate against the elastic force of the tension spring 17. Through the rotation of the control disk 5, the roller pairs 16 are driven to a position where the inner ring 3 and the outer ring 14 are circumferentially linked, enabling the high-speed transmission assembly 4 to drive the inner ring 3 to rotate at high speed. At the beginning when the vehicle switches to high-speed forward movement, the outer cover 19 still rotates at a low speed with the output shaft 2. Since the wedge disk 20 is located on one side of the transmission member, the wedge disk 20 is provided with a mating groove 20a concentric with the output shaft 2. The inner ring 3 has a mating portion 3d in the form of a block located in the mating groove 20a. An elastic flexible coupling member 24 is provided in the mating groove 20a, and the flexible coupling member 24 is located on the movement trajectory of the mating portion 3d as the inner ring 3 rotates. Each friction block 21 is located on the outer peripheral side of the wedge disk 20, and a wedging structure is provided between the wedge disk 20 and each friction block 21 that can drive each friction block 21 to move circumferentially when the wedge disk 20 rotates. Therefore, after the inner ring 3 starts to rotate, the following transmission process will occur: Due to the existence of the wedging structure, the wedge disk 20 is subjected to a certain force. The existence of this force causes the inner ring 3 not to directly drive the wedge disk 20 to rotate when it starts to rotate. Instead, the inner ring 3 first compresses the flexible coupling member 24 through the mating portion 3d and then drives the wedge disk 20 to rotate. Then, the wedge disk 20 drives each friction block 21 to rotate circumferentially through the cooperation of the first wedging surface 21a1 and the second wedging surface 20b1. During this process, when the wedge disk 20 and each friction block 21 are wedged tightly, the flexible coupling member 24 will be compressed a little more until the flexible coupling member 24 is no longer compressed. When each friction block 21 is driven by the wedge disk 20 to rotate circumferentially, since the rotational speed of the outer cover 19 is less than that of the wedge disk 20, a speed difference will be formed between each friction block 21 and the outer cover 19, causing the friction block 21 and the outer cover 19 to slip. After the slipping, the wedge disk 20 starts to gradually drive the outer cover 19 to rotate synchronously under the action of the frictional force between each friction block 21 and the outer cover 19, and the outer cover 19 transmits the power to the output shaft 2 to achieve speed increase. At the same time, due to the circumferential fixation of the coupling ring 11 and the outer cover 19, it is disengaged from the low-speed input gear 8 circumferentially. By means of the slipping between the outer cover 19 and each friction block 21, the transmission force instantaneously increased due to the instantaneous speed increase of the inner ring 3 is buffered, thereby avoiding rigid collision to reduce noise. Moreover, through the settings of the mating portion 3d, the flexible coupling member 24, and the mating groove 20a, a soft combination method is realized between the inner ring 3, the wedge disk 20, and each friction block 21, making the combination between each friction block 21 and the outer cover 19 softer, reducing the wear between each friction block 21 and the outer cover 19 at the moment when the rotational speed of the inner ring 3 increases, and extending the service life.

[0051] Embodiment 2

[0052] An automatic transmission includes an input shaft 1, an output shaft 2, an inner ring 3 located on the input shaft 1 and circumferentially linked with the output shaft 2, and a high-speed transmission assembly 4 fixed on the input shaft 1 and located outside the inner ring 3. A control disk 5 that can be driven by the high-speed transmission assembly 4 to rotate and make the high-speed transmission assembly 4 and the inner ring 3 circumferentially linked is axially fixed on the input shaft 1. An elastic reset member is provided between the control disk 5 and the inner ring 3. The elastic reset member is a tension spring 17. The control disk 5 has a first connecting head 5a1 facing the inner ring 3, and the inner ring 3 has a second connecting head 3a facing the control disk 5. Two ends of the tension spring 17 are respectively sleeved on the first connecting head 5a1 and the second connecting head 3a. The control disk 5 is provided with a through first relief groove 5a2 along the direction of its axis. The projection of the end of the second connecting head 3a on the control disk 5 is located inside the first relief groove 5a2. In this embodiment, the high-speed input gear 9 is circumferentially fixed to the output shaft 2, and the outer cover 19 is also arranged on the input shaft 1 and circumferentially fixed to the high-speed output gear 7. The structure of the high-speed transmission assembly 4 and its cooperation relationship with the control disk 5 and the inner ring 3 are the same as those in Embodiment 1 and will not be elaborated here. The difference is that the bottom plate 13 of the high-speed transmission assembly 4 is directly fixedly connected to the input shaft 1.

[0053] During the running state, power is output by the motor. The input shaft 1 receives the power of the motor and transmits it to the output shaft 2 for output. The vehicle has two states: low-speed forward and high-speed forward. When the vehicle needs to move forward at a low speed, the motor outputs a relatively low rotational speed and transmits it to the input shaft 1 to make it rotate at a low speed. The input shaft 1 drives the low-speed input gear 8 to rotate through the low-speed output gear 6, and is transmitted to the coupling ring 11 by the low-speed input gear 8 through the roller 12, and is transmitted to the output shaft 2 by the coupling ring 11 to make it rotate. In this state, since the rotational speed of the input shaft 1 is relatively low, it will not drive the control disk 5 to rotate through the high-speed transmission assembly 4. Therefore, the high-speed transmission assembly 4 and the inner ring 3 are in a disengaged state. At this time, the outer cover 19 rotates at a low speed under the meshing action of the high-speed output gear 7 and the high-speed input gear 9 (because the high-speed input gear 9 is fixed on the output shaft 2. When the high-speed transmission assembly 4 and the control disk 5 are not in cooperation, it is the output shaft 2 that drives the outer cover 19 to rotate in reverse). When the vehicle needs to move forward at a high speed, the output rotational speed of the control motor is increased to make the input shaft 1 rotate at a high speed. Since the rotational speed of the input shaft 1 increases, it drives the inner ring 3 to rotate synchronously through the high-speed transmission assembly 4 (for how the two can achieve transmission, refer to Embodiment 1). The inner ring 3 drives the wedge disk 20 to rotate, and the wedge disk 20 drives each friction block 21 to rotate at a high speed (for the power transmission here, refer to Embodiment 1). Since the rotational speed of the outer cover 19 is less than that of the wedge disk 20 at this time, a speed difference will be formed between each friction block 21 and the outer cover 19, causing slipping between the friction block 21 and the outer cover 19. After the slipping, the wedge disk 20 starts to gradually drive the outer cover 19 to rotate synchronously under the action of the friction force between each friction block 21 and the outer cover 19, and the power is transmitted to the output shaft 2 through the meshing of the outer cover 19, the high-speed input gear 9 and the high-speed output gear 7 to achieve speed increase. While the output shaft 2 is increasing in speed, the coupling ring 11 also increases in speed because it is circumferentially fixed to the output shaft 2. The rotational speed of the coupling ring 11 becomes greater than that of the low-speed input gear 8, causing the two to disengage circumferentially.

[0054] The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the present invention. Those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains can make various modifications or supplements to the described specific embodiments or use similar methods for substitution, but will not deviate from the spirit of the present invention or exceed the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An automatic transmission, comprising an input shaft (1), an output shaft (2), an inner ring (3) fixed to the output shaft (2), and a high-speed transmission assembly (4) axially fixed outside the inner ring (3) and circumferentially linked with the input shaft (1). A control disc (5) is axially fixed to the output shaft (2) and can be driven by the high-speed transmission assembly (4) to rotate, enabling the high-speed transmission assembly (4) and the inner ring (3) to be circumferentially linked. An elastic reset member is provided between the control disc (5) and the inner ring (3), characterized in that, The elastic reset member is a tension spring (17). The control disk (5) has a first connecting head (5a1) facing the inner ring (3). The inner ring (3) has a second connecting head (3a) facing the control disk (5). The two end portions of the tension spring (17) are respectively sleeved on the first connecting head (5a1) and the second connecting head (3a). The control disk (5) is provided with a through first relief groove (5a2) along its axis direction. The projection of the end portion of the second connecting head (3a) on the control disk (5) is located inside the first relief groove (5a2).

2. The automatic transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner ring (3) has an annular groove (3b). The second connecting head (3a) is fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the annular groove (3b). The first connecting head (5a1) and the tension spring (17) are both located in the annular groove (3b).

3. The automatic transmission according to claim 2, wherein, The end portion of the first connecting head (5a1) is close to the bottom wall of the annular groove (3b).

4. The automatic transmission according to claim 3, wherein, The control disk (5) is further provided with a through second relief groove (5a3) along the axial direction. The first connecting head (5a1) is fixedly connected to the edge position of the second relief groove (5a3).

5. The automatic transmission according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4, characterized in that, The number of the tension springs (17) is two. The control disk (5) has two of the above-mentioned first connecting heads (5a1). The inner ring (3) has two of the above-mentioned second connecting heads (3a). The control disk (5) has two of the above-mentioned first relief grooves (5a2).

6. The automatic transmission according to claim 5, characterized in that The control disk (5) further has an annular plate body (5a), a plurality of convex blocks (5b) distributed circumferentially at one edge of the plate body (5a), and a fitting head (5c) protruding from the center of the other side of the plate body (5a) and having a through hole concentric with the central hole of the plate body (5a). The first connecting head (5a1) and the first relief groove (5a2) are both arranged on the plate body (5a). A freely rotatable roller two (16) is arranged between two adjacent convex blocks (5b). The high-speed transmission assembly (4) includes a bottom plate (13) circumferentially linked with the input shaft (1) and an outer ring (14) fixedly connected to the bottom plate (13). Two driving blocks (15) symmetrically distributed outside the fitting head (5c) are hinged on the bottom plate (13). The two driving blocks (15) can swing around their respective hinge points when the bottom plate (13) rotates and clamp outside the fitting head (5c) to make it rotate.

7. The automatic transmission according to claim 6, wherein, The plate body (5a) is further provided with a through arc-shaped limiting groove (5a4) along the axial direction. The bottom wall of the annular groove (3b) is further fixedly connected with a limiting post (3c). The limiting post (3c) is located in the arc-shaped limiting groove (5a4) and can move along it.

8. The automatic transmission according to claim 6, wherein The outer side of the fitting head (5c) has two arc-shaped connecting surfaces (5c1) with the same radius. The center lines of the two arc-shaped connecting surfaces (5c1) are arranged in parallel, and the center line of the through hole is located between the center lines of the two arc-shaped connecting surfaces (5c1). Abutting surfaces (5c2) are respectively connected between the adjacent ends of the two arc-shaped connecting surfaces (5c1).

9. An automatic transmission, comprising an input shaft (1), an output shaft (2), an inner ring (3) located on the input shaft (1) and circumferentially linked with the output shaft (2), and a high-speed transmission assembly (4) fixed to the input shaft (1) and located outside the inner ring (3). A control disk (5) that can be driven by the high-speed transmission assembly (4) to rotate is axially fixed to the input shaft (1), so that the high-speed transmission assembly (4) and the inner ring (3) are circumferentially linked. An elastic reset member is provided between the control disk (5) and the inner ring (3). It is characterized in that, The elastic reset member is a tension spring (17). The control disk (5) has a first connecting head (5a1) facing the inner ring (3). The inner ring (3) has a second connecting head (3a) facing the control disk (5). The two end portions of the tension spring (17) are respectively sleeved on the first connecting head (5a1) and the second connecting head (3a). The control disk (5) is provided with a through first relief groove (5a2) along the direction of its axis. The projection of the end portion of the second connecting head (3a) on the control disk (5) is located inside the first relief groove (5a2).

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