Optical instrument rigid-flexible combined support structure and optical instrument

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of optical instrument support technology, and discloses an optical instrument rigid-flexible combined support structure and an optical instrument, comprising a mounting base and an optical instrument body, wherein a plurality of groups of movable slide grooves and a plurality of groups of second receiving grooves are provided on the mounting base, and clamping components are provided in the movable slide grooves and the second receiving grooves. In this solution, a hydraulically driven flexible clamping mechanism is used to complete horizontal positioning while cleverly driving the adsorption system to work in coordination. This mechanical linkage design enables the clamping positioning and adsorption fixation to form a time sequence coordination, firstly achieving damage-free and precise horizontal positioning by the flexible clamping guard plate, and then automatically starting the adsorption system through the linkage mechanism to complete longitudinal fixation. The rigid-flexibly coupled clamping mechanism not only ensures positioning accuracy but also avoids rigid impact; and the intelligently linked adsorption system provides stable negative pressure fixation at the best time. The two work together to achieve stable support of the optical instrument in all directions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of optical instrument supports, and in particular to an optical instrument rigid-flexible combined support structure and an optical instrument. Background Art

[0002] Optical instruments are widely used in modern scientific research, industrial inspection, medical imaging, and national defense. Their performance directly impacts observation accuracy, imaging quality, and system stability. These instruments typically incorporate precision optical components (such as lenses, mirrors, and lasers) and complex mechanical structures, making them extremely sensitive to vibration, shock, and temperature fluctuations in their operating environments. External interference or unstable support during operation or transportation can cause optical axis deviation, image degradation, and even mechanical damage. Therefore, achieving highly stable support for optical instruments is a key technical challenge in ensuring their performance and reliability.

[0003] When transporting instruments, traditional support structures often use corresponding horizontal positioning mechanisms to support and position the instruments (such as metal clamps, bolt fixation, etc.). Although this method can achieve the positioning effect during transportation in most cases, if the instrument is subjected to bumps or other reasons that cause axial displacement during transportation, the horizontal positioning mechanism alone cannot guarantee the stability of the instrument. What's worse, it may cause the instrument to break away from the support positioning mechanism, resulting in damage to the instrument.

[0004] Therefore, the existing demand is not met, and we propose an optical instrument rigid-flexible combination support structure and an optical instrument. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention provides a rigid-flexible combined support structure for an optical instrument and an optical instrument, which can not only achieve a rigid-flexible clamping and positioning effect on the optical instrument body in the horizontal direction through a clamping component, but also utilize the movement of the clamping component to drive the adsorption positioning component to complete the movement, and finally utilize the adsorption positioning component to complete the longitudinal positioning effect of the optical instrument body, thereby solving the problem mentioned in the above background technology that it is difficult to complete longitudinal support when encountering bumps during transportation by relying solely on traditional horizontal positioning mechanisms.

[0006] The present invention provides the following technical solution: a rigid-flexible combined support structure for an optical instrument, comprising a mounting base and an optical instrument body, wherein the mounting base is provided with a plurality of groups of movable slide grooves, each of which is provided with a clamping assembly for clamping the optical instrument body in the horizontal direction, and the mounting base table is further provided with an adsorption positioning assembly for adsorbing and positioning the optical instrument body in the longitudinal direction;

[0007] The adsorption and positioning assembly is composed of a suction cup, a first connecting rod and a second spring. The top table of the mounting base is provided with several suction cups. Each suction cup can be movably inserted into the connecting hole through a fixedly connected first connecting rod. The suction cup forms a connecting structure with the corresponding first connecting rod. A second spring is provided between the bottom of the first connecting rod and the positioning plate.

[0008] As an optional solution of the rigid-flexible combined support structure of an optical instrument described in the present invention, the mounting base is further provided with a receiving groove inside, a movable slide is slidably arranged in the receiving groove, a positioning plate is fixedly arranged above the movable slide, a first spring is assembled between the movable slide and the inner wall of the receiving groove, and a plurality of connecting holes are evenly distributed on the mounting base table above the positioning plate.

[0009] As an optional solution of the rigid-flexible combined support structure for an optical instrument described in the present invention, each of the first connecting rods is slidably equipped with a blocking block, the bottom of the blocking block is fixedly connected to one end of the second connecting rod, the other end of the second connecting rod passes through the positioning plate and is fixedly connected to the movable slide, and the first connecting rod is also connected to an exhaust pipe, the outlet end of the exhaust pipe extends to the gap between the movable slide and the positioning plate.

[0010] As an optional solution of the rigid-flexible combined support structure of an optical instrument described in the present invention, a corrugated airbag is provided between the movable slide and the accommodating slide groove.

[0011] As an optional solution for the rigid-flexible combined support structure of an optical instrument described in the present invention, the positioning plate is provided with several groups of snap-fit ​​components, each group of snap-fit ​​components includes an air storage bag, a bellows and a positioning snap ring, and each group of snap-fit ​​components is symmetrically arranged with the first connecting rod as the center. The air storage bag is connected to the bellows air bag through a connecting air pipe, one end of the bellows is fixed to the air storage bag, and the other end is fixed to the positioning snap ring.

[0012] As an optional solution of the rigid-flexible combined support structure of an optical instrument described in the present invention, the clamping assembly includes a clamping guard plate, a movable slider and an external hydraulic rod, the clamping guard plate is slidably set on the top table of the mounting base, the bottom of the clamping guard plate is rigidly connected to the movable slider, the movable slider can be slidably assembled in a movable slide groove opened on the mounting base, and one end of the external hydraulic rod is fixedly connected to the side surface of the movable slider.

[0013] As an optional solution of the rigid-flexible combined support structure of an optical instrument described in the present invention, the clamping assembly also includes an accommodating airbag, and both groups of movable slide grooves are provided with an accommodating airbag, and the accommodating airbag is installed between the movable slider and the movable slide groove.

[0014] As an optional solution of the rigid-flexible combined support structure for an optical instrument described in the present invention, wherein: a fixed pulley is arranged inside another group of the movable slide grooves, the fixed pulley is rotatably arranged below the movable slider, the fixed pulley is installed inside the mounting base, a connecting rope is wrapped around the fixed pulley, one end of the connecting rope is hinged to the movable slider, and the other end of the connecting rope is hinged to the movable slide plate.

[0015] As an optional solution of the rigid-flexible combined support structure of an optical instrument described in the present invention, one end of a delivery air tube is connected to the accommodating air bag, and the other end of the delivery air tube is arranged between the movable slide and the positioning plate.

[0016] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1. The rigid-flexible combined support structure for optical instruments provided by this solution is innovative in that it integrates hydraulic drive and flexible clamping technology to achieve adaptive and stable support for precision instruments. The flexible clamping guard plate driven by the hydraulic system can be smoothly unfolded to form an operating space. It can not only form adaptive surface contact with the instrument surface during resetting, but also avoid rigid impact damage by using flexible splints. The structure adopts a rigid-flexible coupling design. The flexible guard plate can automatically compensate for the differences in the surface morphology of the instrument to achieve uniform force distribution; the hydraulic system provides a smooth and controllable clamping force output, which solves the contradiction between the large vibration of traditional mechanical clamping and the low precision of flexible support. The system has both the positioning accuracy of a rigid structure and the buffering protection characteristics of a flexible material, and can adapt to the rapid clamping needs of instruments of different sizes.

[0018] 2. This optical instrument's rigid-flexible support structure utilizes an innovative time-controlled adsorption system, achieving an intelligent operational process of "free adjustment first, followed by stable adsorption" during the positioning of the optical instrument. This system maintains an unobstructed airway during initial instrument placement, ensuring that the suction cup generates only moderate buffering resistance when under pressure, without achieving full adsorption. This provides the necessary adjustment space for precise instrument positioning. Once horizontal positioning is complete, the adsorption mechanism is automatically triggered through mechanical linkage, with the sealing block precisely blocking the exhaust passage, creating a closed negative pressure system within the suction cup cavity. This process fully leverages the advantages of a passive control mechanism, eliminating the need for additional sensors or electronic control components, and achieving precise control of adsorption timing through precise mechanical coordination alone.

[0019] 3. The optical instrument's rigid-flexible support structure compresses the corrugated airbag beneath it as the slide moves downward. The gas within is then forced into the air reservoir via a connecting air tube, causing it to expand. This in turn pushes the toothed positioning ring through the bellows, radially clamping the first connecting rod. This creates a reliable mechanical lock, effectively preventing adhesion failure due to accidental displacement. The flexible design of the bellows further ensures that the positioning ring can adaptively adjust its angle to maintain a tight fit on the connecting rod, enhancing the effectiveness and stability of the lock. The overall design is highly efficient and effectively solves the problems of adhesion interference and accidental displacement during positioning of large precision instruments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the top view of the mounting base of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of the first section of the partial mounting base of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle.

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the second cross-sectional structure of the partial mounting base of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 Enlarged structural diagram at point B in the middle.

[0026] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a partial locking assembly of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 Enlarged structural diagram at point C in the middle.

[0028] In the figure: 1. Mounting base; 2. Clamping assembly;

[0029] 101. Optical instrument body; 102. Movable slide; 104. Connecting hole; 105. Movable slide; 106. First spring; 108. Accommodating slide; 109. Suction cup; 110. Positioning plate; 111. Bellows airbag; 113. Blocking block; 114. Second connecting rod; 115. Exhaust pipe; 116. Second spring; 117. Air bag; 118. Bellows; 119. Positioning snap ring; 120. Connecting air pipe; 121. First connecting rod;

[0030] 201. Clamping guard plate; 202. Accommodating airbag; 203. Moving slider; 204. Fixed pulley; 205. Connecting rope; 206. External hydraulic rod; 207. Air delivery pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] For example 1, please refer to Figures 1-8 A rigid-flexible combined support structure for an optical instrument includes a mounting base 1 and an optical instrument body 101. Before a user supports the optical instrument body 101, the optical instrument body 101 to be supported first needs to be placed on the mounting base 1.

[0033] Since the top table of the mounting base 1 is provided with a plurality of movable slide grooves 102, a slidable clamping guard plate 201 is configured inside the top table. The bottom of the guard plate is fixedly connected to the movable slider 203 through a rigid connection structure, and the movable slider 203 is assembled in the guide rail of the movable slide groove 102.

[0034] The clamping assembly 2 achieves horizontal clamping of the optical instrument body 101 through the coordinated action of the clamping guard plate 201, the movable slider 203, and the external hydraulic rod 206. When the hydraulic drive system is activated, the piston end of the external hydraulic rod 206 is rigidly fixed to the lateral connection surface of the movable slider 203. The linear thrust generated by the external hydraulic rod 206 is transmitted to the movable slider 203, driving the clamping guard plate 201 to move smoothly inward along the axial direction of the groove body. This allows the optical instrument body 101, which is located at the center of the mounting base 1, to be gradually clamped by the clamping guard plate 201 under this movement, thereby achieving the horizontal clamping and support effect of the optical instrument body 101.

[0035] It should be noted that the external hydraulic rods 206 connected to the three groups of clamping components 2 are started or closed synchronously. This design can ensure that the propulsion speed and displacement of the external hydraulic rods 206 remain completely consistent. On the one hand, in the positioning stage, the synchronous movement of the three groups of clamping guards 201 can accurately guide the optical instrument body 101 to the geometric center position of the mounting base 1, eliminating any possible eccentricity error; on the other hand, in the driving stage, the synchronously moving clamping components 2 can enable the adsorption positioning components to obtain completely consistent triggering timing and action stroke through the connecting ropes 205 and other transmission components.

[0036] This design not only facilitates the placement of the optical instrument body 101, but also enables the closing and resetting of the guard plate through the forward drive of the hydraulic system. It is particularly noteworthy that the clamping guard plate 201 is made of a flexible material. This rigid and flexible structural design can form a stable surface contact clamp with the surface of the optical instrument body 101 during closing and resetting, avoiding damage to the instrument surface caused by rigid impact, and adapting to the external contours of different instruments through the elastic deformation of the material itself, thereby significantly improving the reliability and adaptability of the clamping. In addition, the smooth characteristics of the hydraulic drive combined with the buffering effect of the flexible material further ensure the positional accuracy and stability of the optical instrument during the clamping process, laying a solid foundation for subsequent support operations.

[0037] Embodiment 2: This embodiment aims to solve the problem that even if the horizontal positioning effect of the optical instrument body 101 is completed by the clamping assembly 2, the longitudinal deviation of the optical instrument body 101 may be caused by bumps during transportation. This embodiment is an improvement made on the basis of embodiment 1. For details, please refer to Figures 1-8 In order to ensure reliable longitudinal positioning of the larger optical instrument body 101, this solution is specially designed with an adaptive adsorption function. The top table of the mounting base 1 adopts an array layout to arrange multiple suction cups 109, and each suction cup 109 is linked and supported by an integrated first connecting rod 121. It should be noted that a corresponding connecting hole 104 is also provided on the positioning plate 110. The first connecting rod 121 adopts a hollow tubular structure. Its upper part is connected with the inner cavity of the suction cup 109 to form a closed air path, and its lower part is movable through the connecting hole 104 of the positioning plate 110 through a precision guide structure. A second spring 116 is provided between the positioning plate 110 and the bottom of the first connecting rod 121. The spring adopts a pre-compression installation method, which can not only provide the suction cup 109 with an initial reset elastic force, but also ensure that the suction cup 109 produces a smooth buffer stroke when under pressure. In particular, the first connecting rod 121 and the connecting hole 104 adopt a clearance fit design, and the mating surface is specially polished to effectively reduce friction resistance while ensuring movement accuracy. This integrated air path connection structure combined with the elastic support design allows the suction cup 109 to adaptively adjust its height according to the weight of the instrument while maintaining stable airtightness, creating ideal conditions for subsequent negative pressure adsorption.

[0038] The present invention has made an innovative design in the air path control mechanism. Each first connecting rod 121 is precisely equipped with an axially slidable blocking block 113. The blocking block 113 is made of engineering plastic with a low friction coefficient and forms a dynamic seal with the inner wall of the first connecting rod 121. The bottom of the blocking block 113 is linked to the movable slide 105 through a rigidly connected second connecting rod 114. The second connecting rod 114 adopts a slender rod structure design and is provided with a guide bushing at the part that passes through the positioning plate 110 to ensure the accuracy of the motion trajectory. In particular, the exhaust pipe 115 provided on the side wall of the first connecting rod 121 has its outlet end cleverly located in the buffer chamber formed by the movable slide 105 and the positioning plate 110. This unique air path layout allows the system to achieve free gas discharge through the exhaust pipe 115 during the initial positioning stage, and after precise positioning, the exhaust channel can be automatically cut off by the downward movement of the blocking block 113.

[0039] When the optical instrument body 101 is placed on the mounting base 1, its weight causes the suction cup 109 to compress and displace. This mechanical action triggers a chain reaction of air circuits. The air inside the suction cup 109 is squeezed out through the hollow channel of the first connecting rod 121. At this time, the blocking block 113 remains in the upper position, forming a specific airflow guidance structure. The exhausted air is directed through the exhaust pipe 115 and ultimately enters the buffer chamber formed by the movable slide 105 and the positioning plate 110. During this stage, the system achieves a "pre-adsorption suppression" function through ingenious air circuit design. Although the suction cup 109 generates an initial negative pressure due to exhaust, the exhaust pipe 115 remains completely unobstructed, forming an air pressure balance path. This ensures that the suction cup 109 only generates a moderate following force, preventing full adsorption. This progressive air circuit control mechanism ensures the necessary degrees of freedom during the initial positioning of the optical instrument, allowing for fine-tuning of the centering without causing positioning deviations due to premature adsorption. At the same time, the moderate following force of the suction cup 109 provides initial stabilization, preventing accidental displacement of the instrument during the positioning process.

[0040] It should be noted that a one-way gas check valve is also provided at the connection between the exhaust pipe 115 and the first connecting rod 121. The check valve is a commonly used and existing technology by people in this field and will not be described in detail here. The one-way flow check valve can ensure that the gas can only be exhausted from the first connecting rod 121 to the inside of the exhaust pipe 115, and will not allow the gas to reversely enter the first connecting rod 121 from the exhaust pipe 115. This setting is also to ensure that after the air pressure of the buffer chamber formed by the moving slide 105 and the positioning plate 110 changes, the gas entering the buffer chamber formed by the moving slide 105 and the positioning plate 110 will not reversely enter the first connecting rod 121, thereby affecting the early "pre-adsorption inhibition" effect of the suction cup 109.

[0041] Subsequently, when the optical instrument body 101 is positioned, the linkage mechanism of the clamping assembly 2 comes into play. It should be noted that, in the initial state, the static position of the clamping guard 201 maintains moderate tension in the connecting rope 205. This pre-tensioned state has a dual effect: on the one hand, the rope tension maintains the movable slide 105, which is located within the receiving slot 108, in the pre-positioned position; on the other hand, it allows the first spring 106 to store sufficient elastic potential energy. When the clamping guard 201 begins its centering movement, the tension in the connecting rope 205 gradually releases as the guard moves, while the first spring 106 simultaneously releases its stored elastic potential energy, driving the movable slide 105 to smoothly move downward.

[0042] A special sealing solution has been implemented for the connection rope 205's penetration. This sealing structure utilizes a multi-layer composite design: the outermost layer is a wear-resistant guide bushing, ensuring the accuracy of the connection rope 205's linear motion; the middle layer features a labyrinthine sealing ring, creating a circuitous flow path to increase resistance to gas escape; and the innermost layer utilizes a flexible sealing lip structure that adaptively compensates for minor surface irregularities on the connection rope 205. This composite sealing system maintains rope flexibility while completely blocking any gas leakage paths.

[0043] To ensure the coordinated movement of the movable slide 105, the system also employs a pneumatically assisted mechanism. Airbags 202 are located within the other two sets of movable chutes 102. When the corresponding clamping guards 201 move inward, the connected movable sliders 203 apply a uniform compressive force to the airbags 202. This ingenious design allows compressed gas to be transmitted via the air delivery pipe 207 to the gap between the movable slide 105 and the positioning plate 110, generating a stable pneumatic driving force. This dual-action mechanism, combining mechanical traction with pneumatic drive, not only ensures a smoother and more stable downward movement of the movable slide 105 but also effectively eliminates the impact vibration that might otherwise be generated by purely mechanical transmission through the cushioning properties of air pressure. Throughout this process, the guiding action of the fixed pulley 204 ensures the transmission efficiency of the connecting rope 205, while the air pressure regulation function of the airbags 202 provides the system with adaptive compensation capabilities, enabling more precise position control and more reliable support stability during the positioning process of the optical instrument.

[0044] The downward movement of the movable slide 105, through the fixedly connected second connecting rod 114, synchronously drives the blocking block 113 inside the first connecting rod 121 to slide downward. At this time, the downward movement of the blocking block 113 will effectively seal the communication channel between the internal cavity of the first connecting rod 121 and the exhaust pipe 115. At this time, due to the expansion of the volume of the closed cavity formed by the suction cup 109 and the first connecting rod 121, a significant negative pressure effect is generated inside, and the suction cup 109 immediately begins to generate a stable adsorption force on the bottom surface of the optical instrument body 101. As the adsorption process continues, a tight connection between the suction cup 109 and the bottom of the optical instrument body 101 is eventually achieved, thereby providing stable longitudinal positioning.

[0045] Embodiment 3: This embodiment is intended to ensure that the first connecting rod 121 and the suction cup 109 on its top can remain stable after the adsorption is completed, thereby avoiding the problem of affecting the adsorption and positioning effect of the optical instrument body 101 due to accidental displacement. This embodiment is an improvement made on the basis of embodiment 2. For details, please refer to Figures 1-8 In this solution, several groups of engaging components are arranged circumferentially around the first connecting rod 121. Each group of engaging components includes an air storage bag 117, a bellows 118 and a positioning clamping ring 119 with locking teeth.

[0046] The air storage bag 117 is communicated with the corrugated air bag 111 located below the movable slide plate 105 via the connecting air pipe 120. One end of the corrugated tube 118 is fixedly connected to the air storage bag 117, and the other end is rigidly connected to the positioning clamp 119.

[0047] The operating principle is as follows: when the movable slide 105 moves downward, this action not only compresses the first spring 106 to form an initial cushion, but also squeezes the bellows airbag 111, also located below the movable slide 105, causing a change in air pressure within the bellows airbag 111. As a result, some of the gas inside the bellows airbag 111 is forced into the corresponding air storage bag 117 through the connecting air pipe 120. Driven by this gas injection, the air storage bag 117 expands. Because the bellows 118 is connected between the inflated air storage bag 117 and the positioning snap ring 119, the expansion force of the air storage bag 117 is transmitted through the bellows 118, pushing the positioning snap ring 119 gradually toward the central first connecting rod 121.

[0048] Ultimately, the toothed positioning ring 119 securely engages the surface of the first connecting rod 121, forming a reliable mechanical lock. This locking mechanism effectively prevents accidental movement of the mounting base 1 from causing displacement of the first connecting rod 121, thereby ensuring that the suction cup 109 maintains a stable and secure grip on the bottom of the optical instrument body 101. Furthermore, the flexible design of the bellows 118 allows the positioning ring 119 to adaptively adjust to a certain angle during the engagement process, ensuring that the positioning ring 119 can more effectively adapt to the position of the first connecting rod 121, achieving a tight and secure engagement.

[0049] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that includes a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0050] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An optical instrument rigid-flexible combined support structure, comprising a mounting base and an optical instrument body, characterized in that: The mounting base is provided with a plurality of groups of movable slide grooves, each of which is provided with a clamping assembly for clamping the optical instrument body in the horizontal direction. The mounting base table is also provided with an adsorption positioning assembly for adsorbing and positioning the optical instrument body in the longitudinal direction. The adsorption positioning assembly is composed of a suction cup, a first connecting rod and a second spring. The top surface of the mounting base is provided with a plurality of suction cups. The plurality of suction cups are movably inserted into the connecting hole through a fixedly connected first connecting rod. The suction cups form a connecting structure with the corresponding first connecting rod. A second spring is provided between the bottom of the first connecting rod and the positioning cup. The mounting base is further provided with a receiving slide groove, a movable slide is slidably provided in the receiving slide groove, a positioning plate is fixedly provided above the movable slide groove, a first spring is assembled between the movable slide groove and the inner wall of the receiving slide groove, and a plurality of communication holes are evenly distributed on the mounting base surface above the positioning plate; A blocking block is slidably mounted inside each of the first connecting rods, the bottom of the blocking block is fixedly connected to one end of the second connecting rod, the other end of the second connecting rod passes through the positioning plate and is fixedly connected to the movable slide, and an exhaust pipe is also connected inside the first connecting rod, and the outlet end of the exhaust pipe extends to the gap between the movable slide and the positioning plate; A corrugated airbag is provided between the movable slide and the receiving chute; A fixed pulley is provided inside a group of the movable slide grooves, and the fixed pulley is rotatably provided below the movable slider in the clamping assembly. The fixed pulley is installed inside the mounting base, and a connecting rope is wrapped around the fixed pulley. One end of the connecting rope is hinged to the movable slider, and the other end of the connecting rope is hinged to the movable slide.

2. The optical instrument rigid-flexible combined support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning plate is provided with several groups of snap-fit ​​components, each group of snap-fit ​​components includes an air storage bag, a bellows and a positioning snap ring. The groups of snap-fit ​​components are symmetrically arranged with the first connecting rod as the center. The air storage bag is connected to the bellows air bag through a connecting air pipe. One end of the bellows is fixed to the air storage bag, and the other end is fixed to the positioning snap ring.

3. The optical instrument rigid-flexible combined support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping assembly includes a clamping guard plate, a movable slider and an external hydraulic rod. The clamping guard plate is slidably set on the top table of the mounting base. The bottom of the clamping guard plate is rigidly connected to the movable slider. The movable slider can be slidably assembled in a movable slide groove opened on the mounting base. One end of the external hydraulic rod is fixedly connected to the side surface of the movable slider.

4. The optical instrument rigid-flexible combined support structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The clamping assembly also includes an accommodating airbag. The two groups of movable slide grooves are both provided with an accommodating airbag, and the accommodating airbag is installed between the movable slider and the movable slide groove.

5. The optical instrument rigid-flexible combined support structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: One end of a delivery air pipe is also connected to the accommodating air bag, and the other end of the delivery air pipe is arranged between the movable slide plate and the positioning plate.

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