Large hydrogen storage tank leakproof concentration multidirectional detection system and detection method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-directional concentration detection system for leakage prevention of a large hydrogen storage tank and a detection method thereof, and relates to the field of leakage prevention of hydrogen storage tanks, and the system comprises a sensor module, a main data processing module, an imaging monitoring module, a distributed secondary data processing module, an alarm module, a communication module and a power supply module. The surface of a large hydrogen storage tank is divided into three-dimensional grids with different specifications, and a group of multi-type gas sensor arrays are arranged in the three-dimensional grids. According to the invention, three-dimensional dynamic sensing is realized, a top hexagonal array, middle annular nodes and bottom redundancy monitoring are arranged in a layered gridding manner, and a plurality of sensors are combined for cooperative use, so that the omission ratio is greatly reduced, a hydrogen full diffusion path can be greatly covered, leakage source positioning and diffusion prediction are realized based on data fusion of Kalman filtering and CFD models; and response delay is shortened.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen storage tank leakage prevention, and in particular, to a concentration multi-directional detection system and a detection method for preventing leakage of large hydrogen storage tanks. Background Art

[0002] A large hydrogen storage tank refers to a storage tank capable of storing a large amount of high-pressure hydrogen, which is commonly used in industrial production, such as petrochemical, chemical, electronic and other industries. It is usually made of high-strength metal materials to ensure that it can withstand the pressure of high-pressure hydrogen. A large hydrogen storage tank is an important industrial equipment that can meet the industrial production demand for hydrogen and ensure the smooth progress of industrial production. It is usually installed in a safe and explosion-proof place to ensure the safety of the hydrogen storage tank. Since the leakage of the hydrogen storage tank is likely to cause serious safety accidents, it is necessary to detect the hydrogen concentration in the environment where the hydrogen storage tank is located.

[0003] In the prior art, the detection of large hydrogen storage tanks mostly adopts single-point or linear layout, which cannot effectively capture the three-dimensional diffusion characteristics of hydrogen (especially hydrogen accumulation at the top and local accumulation at the bottom), resulting in a high missed detection rate. Relying on a single sensor (such as a catalytic combustion type), it is easily affected by temperature, humidity and electromagnetic interference, and the false alarm rate is >5%. Moreover, it lacks the ability to locate the leakage source, and the emergency response depends on manual judgment, with an average delay >10 seconds. Using a fixed concentration alarm threshold (such as 2%VOL), without considering the influence of environmental wind speed and temperature on hydrogen diffusion, resulting in insufficient sensitivity or over-alarm. Therefore, a concentration multi-directional detection system and a detection method for preventing leakage of large hydrogen storage tanks are needed to meet people's needs. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a concentration multi-directional detection system and a detection method for preventing leakage of large hydrogen storage tanks to solve the problems raised in the above background art.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A concentration multi-directional detection system and a detection method for preventing leakage of large hydrogen storage tanks, including a sensor module, a main data processing module, an image monitoring module, a distributed secondary data processing module, an alarm module, a communication module and a power supply module; the sensor module is composed of a multi-type gas sensor array distributed on the surface of the hydrogen storage tank, adopting a three-dimensional grid layout, dividing the surface of the large hydrogen storage tank into three-dimensional grids with different specifications, and arranging a group of multi-type gas sensor arrays in the three-dimensional grids; The main data processing module analyzes sensor data through a multi-source signal fusion algorithm, generates a concentration gradient map, and locates the leakage source. The distributed secondary data processing module receives the data output by the sensor modules within a single three-dimensional grid area. The alarm module triggers emergency responses in hierarchical levels according to concentration thresholds. The communication module realizes the real-time transmission of sensor data and an external control terminal. The power supply module uses explosion-proof redundant power supplies to supply power to each component. The graphical monitoring module facilitates real-time monitoring by security personnel.

[0006] Preferably, the sensor module includes an infrared sensor (NDIR) for detecting the absorption spectrum of hydrogen in the 2.1 - 2.5 μm band, an electrochemical sensor for detecting the hydrogen concentration range of 0 - 4%VOL, and a catalytic combustion sensor for monitoring the mixed concentration of combustible gases. Its specific layout and operation method are as follows: Dual-sensor redundant nodes are set at the valves and weld joints of the hydrogen storage tank. The single-point error is eliminated through a cross-validation algorithm. The sensor array is densely arranged at the top of the hydrogen storage tank. With the vertex of the storage tank as the center, various sensors are arranged in a three-dimensional grid array with a spacing of 1.5 m to cover the upward floating path of hydrogen. They are arranged at equal intervals circumferentially in the middle with a spacing of 2 m to detect lateral diffusion and monitor the accumulation of hydrogen in low-lying areas. Each part collects information data of the corresponding area and sends it to the distributed secondary data processing module, and then it is sent to the main data processing module through the distributed secondary data processing module.

[0007] Preferably, the main data processing module includes: A signal denoising unit based on Kalman filtering, which is used to eliminate environmental interference and obtain accurate data information. Its operation method is as follows: By obtaining the three sensor nodes with the highest selected concentration through the sensor module, the leakage point is confirmed, and then the diffusion trend and range of hydrogen in the next period of time are predicted in combination with the real-time wind speed. The alarm module is controlled according to the hydrogen concentration to give an alarm.

[0008] Preferably, the alarm module includes: Multi-level response execution logic Level 1 response (ventilation control), triggering condition: ≥2 adjacent sensor concentrations ≥0.5% and lasting for 10 seconds. Start the explosion-proof fan (speed PID control, target concentration <0.3%), and send a text message alarm (GSM module) to the operator. Level 2 response (valve isolation), triggering condition: concentration ≥1.5% or the concentration change rate within 5 seconds >3% / s. Send an ESD-1 instruction to the upstream valve (closing time ≤0.5 s), and send an ESD-2 instruction to the downstream valve after a delay of 200 ms. Start the audible and visual alarm (105 dB@1m, red strobing). Level 3 response (explosion suppression and disposal), triggering conditions: concentration ≥ 4% or flame detector output > 50% of the full scale, activate nitrogen injection (flow control valve opening 100%, lasting for 30 s), activate the high-pressure water mist explosion suppression system (pressure ≥ 10 MPa), and cut off the non-explosion-proof power supply in the storage tank area.

[0009] Preferably, the communication module supports multiple wireless communication protocols, including , ZigBee, LoRa, to adapt to different application scenarios, and ensure compatibility and interoperability between different protocols through protocol conversion algorithms.

[0010] Preferably, the operation mode of the power supply module: Includes wired power supply and reserve power supply. The wired power supply is connected to the plant power supply and supplies power to all modules under normal conditions. The voltage monitoring threshold, undervoltage alarm: ≤ 3.0 V, cut-off protection: ≤ 2.7 V. Reserve power supply, lithium thionyl chloride battery, photovoltaic + supercapacitor.

[0011] Preferably, the main data processing module and the distributed secondary data processing module have a self-check function. A false alarm message is generated in a random distributed secondary data processing module every once in a while, so as to trigger the detection of the main data processing module. The safety officer needs to confirm and update the data to cancel the alarm to ensure the safety of the system.

[0012] Preferably, the distributed secondary data processing module adopts a decentralized communication architecture. The detection modules are directly interconnected through a Mesh network or LoRa self-organizing network to form a P2P network. When the server is disconnected, the module automatically switches to the edge computing mode and makes decisions through local communication negotiation to ensure that the system still has the function of triggering an alarm when the main data processing module is offline.

[0013] A method for multi-directional detection of hydrogen leakage concentration in a large hydrogen storage tank, characterized in that it specifically comprises: Step 1: Data collection and transmission All sensors collect hydrogen concentration data at a sampling rate of 10 Hz and upload it to the data processing module in real time through the SPI interface. When a certain sensor detects that the concentration exceeds 0.2%, it automatically switches to a high-frequency sampling of 50 Hz and wakes up adjacent sensors to synchronously increase the sampling rate; Redundant nodes are arranged. The dual sensors in high-risk areas adopt a master-slave polling mechanism. The master sensor works continuously, and the slave sensor is activated every 5 minutes for data comparison. If the master sensor fails (such as the output exceeds the tolerance by ±20%), the slave sensor immediately takes over and sends a fault code; Step 2: Data processing The data collected by the sensor is first processed by the distributed secondary data processing module. The data from various locations are aggregated and transmitted to the main data processing module. The leakage location is obtained by triangulation by selecting three sensor modules with the highest detection concentration, and the future diffusion trend is predicted by combining the wind speed information. Step 3: Alarm First alarm ventilation control Trigger condition: if the concentration of ≥2 adjacent sensors is ≥0.5% and lasts for 10 seconds, the explosion-proof fan will be started (speed PID control, target concentration <0.3%), and a text message alarm will be sent to the operator; Secondary alarm valve isolation Trigger conditions: when the concentration is ≥1.5% or the concentration change rate is >3% / s within 5 seconds, the ESD-1 command is sent to the upstream valve (closing time ≤0.5s), and after a delay of 200ms, the ESD-2 command is sent to the downstream valve to start the sound and light alarm (red flashing); Three-level alarm explosion suppression Trigger conditions: concentration ≥ 4% or flame detector output > 50% of the range, start nitrogen injection (flow control valve opening 100%, lasting 30s), activate the high-pressure water mist explosion suppression system (pressure ≥ 10MPa), and cut off the non-explosion-proof power supply in the tank area.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: In the present invention, three-dimensional dynamic perception is achieved, and a layered grid layout of a top hexagonal array + a middle annular node + a bottom redundant monitoring is adopted, which is combined with the use of multiple sensors to greatly reduce the missed detection rate and can largely cover the entire diffusion path of hydrogen. Based on the data fusion of Kalman filtering and CFD models, leakage source positioning and diffusion prediction can be achieved, shortening the response delay.

[0015] In the present invention, the alarm threshold is adjusted in real time according to environmental parameters (such as the influence of wind speed), the false alarm rate is reduced, the maintenance cost is reduced, the system reliability is improved, the ventilation, isolation and explosion suppression devices are linked according to the leakage risk level, excessive disposal is avoided, and the balance between safety and economy is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a multi-directional concentration detection system for preventing leakage of a large hydrogen storage tank proposed by the present invention; Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of a multi-directional concentration detection method for preventing leakage of a large hydrogen storage tank proposed by the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the layout of sensors for large hydrogen storage tanks in a multi-directional concentration detection system for preventing leakage of large hydrogen storage tanks proposed by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0018] Referring to Figures 1-3 , a multi-directional concentration detection system for preventing leakage of a large hydrogen storage tank and its detection method, including a sensor module, a main data processing module, an image monitoring module, a distributed secondary data processing module, an alarm module, a communication module, and a power supply module; the sensor module includes a multi-type gas sensor array distributed on the surface of the hydrogen storage tank, adopting a three-dimensional grid layout, dividing the surface of the large hydrogen storage tank into three-dimensional grids of different specifications, and arranging a group of multi-type gas sensor arrays in the three-dimensional grids; The main data processing module analyzes the sensor data through a multi-source signal fusion algorithm to generate a concentration gradient map and locate the leakage source. The distributed secondary data processing module receives the data output by the sensor module in a single three-dimensional grid area. The alarm module triggers an emergency response according to the concentration threshold in a hierarchical manner. The communication module realizes the real-time transmission of sensor data to an external control terminal. The power supply module uses an explosion-proof redundant power supply to supply power to each component. The image monitoring module facilitates real-time monitoring by security personnel.

[0019] Furthermore, the sensor module includes an infrared sensor (NDIR) for detecting the absorption spectrum of hydrogen in the 2.1-2.5 μm band, an electrochemical sensor for detecting the hydrogen concentration range of 0-4%VOL, and a catalytic combustion sensor for monitoring the mixed concentration of combustible gases; Its specific layout and operation method are as follows: Dual-sensor redundant nodes are set at the hydrogen storage tank valves and weld joints. The single-point error is eliminated through a cross-validation algorithm. The sensor array is densely arranged at the top of the hydrogen storage tank. Taking the vertex of the storage tank as the center, various sensors are arranged in a three-dimensional grid array with a spacing of 1.5 m to cover the upward floating path of hydrogen. They are arranged equidistantly in the circumferential direction in the middle with a spacing of 2 m to detect lateral diffusion and monitor the accumulation of hydrogen in low-lying areas. Each part collects the information data of the corresponding area and sends it to the distributed secondary data processing module, and then sends it to the main data processing module through the distributed secondary data processing module.

[0020] Furthermore, the main data processing module includes: A signal denoising unit based on Kalman filtering, used to eliminate environmental interference and obtain accurate data information. The operation method is to obtain the three sensor nodes with the highest selected concentration through the sensor module, thereby confirming the leakage point, and then predicting the diffusion trend and range of hydrogen in the next period of time in combination with the real-time wind speed, and controlling the alarm module to alarm according to the hydrogen concentration.

[0021] It should be noted that for signal preprocessing, a Kalman filter is used to eliminate electromagnetic noise. The formula ; where is the state transition matrix, is the observation matrix, is the Kalman gain; For leak source localization, based on the weighted triangulation method, an equation system is constructed using the concentration values of more than 3 sensors

[0022] Constraint conditions: (Storage tank surface coordinates) Diffusion prediction,

[0023] where is the hydrogen density, is the wind speed vector, is the leak source term; Adjust the detection threshold according to the ambient wind speed v,

[0024] where = 0.5%, = 15 m / s.

[0025] Furthermore, the alarm module includes: Multi-level response execution logic First-level response (ventilation control), trigger condition: ≥ 2 adjacent sensor concentrations ≥ 0.5% and lasting for 10 seconds, start the explosion-proof fan (speed PID control, target concentration < 0.3%), send a text message alarm to the operator (GSM module); Second-level response (valve isolation), trigger condition: concentration ≥ 1.5% or concentration change rate within 5 seconds > 3% / s, send an ESD-1 command to the upstream valve (closing time ≤ 0.5 s), send an ESD-2 command to the downstream valve after a 200 ms delay, start the audible and visual alarm (105 dB@1m, red strobing); Third-level response (explosion suppression), trigger condition: concentration ≥ 4% or flame detector output > 50% full scale, turn on nitrogen injection (flow control valve opening 100%, lasting for 30 s), activate the high-pressure water mist explosion suppression system (pressure ≥ 10 MPa), cut off the non-explosion-proof power supply in the storage tank area.

[0026] Furthermore, the communication module supports multiple wireless communication protocols, including 、ZigBee, LoRa, to adapt to different application scenarios, and ensure compatibility and interoperability between different protocols through protocol conversion algorithms.

[0027] Furthermore, the power supply module operates in the following manner: Including wired power supply and reserve power supply. The wired power supply is connected to the factory power supply and supplies power to all modules under normal circumstances. The voltage monitoring threshold, undervoltage alarm: ≤3.0V, cut-off protection: ≤2.7V, reserve power supply, lithium-ion battery, photovoltaic + supercapacitor.

[0028] Furthermore, the main data processing module and the distributed secondary data processing module have a self-checking function. Every once in a while, a false alarm message is generated in a random distributed secondary data processing module, thereby triggering the main data processing module detection. The safety officer is required to confirm the updated data to cancel the alarm and ensure the safety of the system.

[0029] Furthermore, the distributed secondary data processing module adopts a decentralized communication architecture, and the detection modules are directly interconnected through a Mesh network or a LoRa self-organizing network to form a P2P network. When the server is disconnected, the module automatically switches to edge computing mode and makes decisions through local communication negotiation to ensure that when the main data processing module is offline, the system also has the function of triggering an alarm.

[0030] A multi-directional concentration detection method for preventing leakage of a large hydrogen storage tank, characterized by: Step 1: Data collection and transmission All sensors collect hydrogen concentration data at a sampling rate of 10Hz and upload it to the data processing module in real time through the SPI interface. When a sensor detects that the concentration exceeds 0.2%, it automatically switches to 50Hz high-frequency sampling and wakes up adjacent sensors to synchronously increase the sampling rate. Redundant nodes are arranged. The dual sensors in high-risk areas adopt a master-slave polling mechanism. The master sensor works continuously, and the slave sensor is activated every 5 minutes for data comparison. If the master sensor fails (such as output exceeds ±20%), the slave sensor immediately takes over and sends a fault code. Step 2: Data processing The data collected by the sensor is first processed by the distributed secondary data processing module. The data from various locations are aggregated and transmitted to the main data processing module. The leakage location is obtained by triangulation by selecting three sensor modules with the highest detection concentration, and the future diffusion trend is predicted by combining the wind speed information. Step 3: Alarm First alarm ventilation control Trigger condition: if the concentration of ≥2 adjacent sensors is ≥0.5% and lasts for 10 seconds, the explosion-proof fan will be started (speed PID control, target concentration <0.3%), and a text message alarm will be sent to the operator; Secondary alarm valve isolation Trigger conditions: concentration ≥ 1.5% or the rate of change of concentration > 3% / s within 5 seconds. Send the ESD-1 instruction to the upstream valve (closing time ≤ 0.5 s). After a 200 ms delay, send the ESD-2 instruction to the downstream valve and activate the audible and visual alarm (red strobe). Level 3 alarm and explosion suppression disposal Trigger conditions: concentration ≥ 4% or the output of the flame detector > 50% of the full scale. Open the nitrogen injection (the flow control valve opening is 100% for 30 s), activate the high-pressure water mist explosion suppression system (pressure ≥ 10 MPa), and cut off the non-explosion-proof power supply in the storage tank area.

[0031] The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, with equivalent replacement or modification, should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-directional concentration detection system for preventing leakage of a large hydrogen storage tank, characterized in that: It includes a sensor module, a main data processing module, an image monitoring module, a distributed secondary data processing module, an alarm module, a communication module, and a power supply module; the sensor module consists of a multi-type gas sensor array distributed on the surface of the hydrogen storage tank, adopting a three-dimensional grid layout, dividing the surface of the large hydrogen storage tank into three-dimensional grids of different specifications, and arranging a group of multi-type gas sensor arrays within the three-dimensional grids; The main data processing module analyzes the sensor data through a multi-source signal fusion algorithm to generate a concentration gradient map and locate the leakage source. The distributed secondary data processing module receives the data output by the sensor module within a single three-dimensional grid area. The alarm module triggers an emergency response according to the concentration threshold level by level. The communication module realizes the real-time transmission of sensor data to an external control terminal. The power supply module uses an explosion-proof redundant power supply to supply power to each component. The image monitoring module facilitates real-time monitoring by security personnel.

2. The concentration multi-directional detection system for preventing leakage of a large hydrogen storage tank according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sensor module includes an infrared sensor (NDIR) for detecting the absorption spectrum of hydrogen in the 2.1 - 2.5μm band, an electrochemical sensor for detecting the hydrogen concentration range of 0 - 4%VOL, and a catalytic combustion sensor for monitoring the mixed concentration of combustible gases; Its specific layout and operation mode are as follows: Dual-sensor redundant nodes are set at the hydrogen storage tank valves and weld joints. The single-point error is eliminated through a cross-validation algorithm. The sensor array is densely arranged at the top of the hydrogen storage tank. Centered on the vertex of the storage tank, various sensors are arranged in a three-dimensional grid array with a spacing of 1.5m to cover the hydrogen floating path. They are arranged equidistantly in the circumferential direction in the middle with a spacing of 2m to detect lateral diffusion and monitor hydrogen accumulation in low-lying areas. Each part collects the information data of the corresponding area and sends it to the distributed secondary data processing module, and then sends it to the main data processing module through the distributed secondary data processing module.

3. A concentration multi-directional detection system for preventing leakage of a large hydrogen storage tank according to claim 2, characterized in that, The main data processing module includes: A signal denoising unit based on Kalman filtering, which is used to eliminate environmental interference and obtain accurate data information. Its operation mode is to obtain the three sensor nodes with the highest selected concentration through the sensor module to confirm the leakage point, and then predict the diffusion trend and range of hydrogen in the next period of time in combination with the real-time wind speed, and control the alarm module to give an alarm according to the hydrogen concentration.

4. A multi-directional concentration detection system for preventing leakage of a large hydrogen storage tank according to claim 1, characterized in that, The alarm module includes: Multi-level response execution logic First-level response (ventilation control), triggering condition: ≥2 adjacent sensor concentrations ≥0.5% and lasting for 10 seconds. Start the explosion-proof fan (speed PID control, target concentration <0.3%), and send a text message alarm to the operator (GSM module); Second-level response (valve isolation), triggering condition: concentration ≥1.5% or the concentration change rate >3% / s within 5 seconds. Send an ESD-1 instruction to the upstream valve (closing time ≤0.5s), and send an ESD-2 instruction to the downstream valve after a delay of 200ms, and start the audible and visual alarm (105dB@1m, red stroboscopic); Level 3 response (explosion suppression), trigger conditions: concentration ≥ 4% or flame detector output > 50% of the range, start nitrogen injection (flow control valve opening 100%, lasting 30s), activate high-pressure water mist explosion suppression system (pressure ≥ 10MPa), and cut off the non-explosion-proof power supply in the tank area.

5. A concentration multi-directional detection system for preventing leakage of a large hydrogen storage tank according to claim 1, characterized in that, The communication module supports multiple wireless communication protocols, including , ZigBee, LoRa, to adapt to different application scenarios, and ensures compatibility and interoperability between different protocols through protocol conversion algorithms.

6. The concentration multi-directional detection system for preventing leakage of a large hydrogen storage tank according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power supply module operates in the following manner: Including wired power supply and reserve power supply. The wired power supply is connected to the factory power supply and supplies power to all modules under normal circumstances. The voltage monitoring threshold, undervoltage alarm: ≤3.0V, cut-off protection: ≤2.7V, reserve power supply, lithium-ion battery, photovoltaic + supercapacitor.

7. A concentration multi-directional detection system for preventing leakage of a large hydrogen storage tank according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main data processing module and the distributed secondary data processing modules have a self-checking function. A false alarm message is generated in a random distributed secondary data processing module every period of time, thereby triggering the main data processing module detection. The safety officer is required to confirm the updated data to cancel the alarm and ensure the safety of the system.

8. A concentration multi-directional detection system for preventing leakage of a large hydrogen storage tank according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distributed secondary data processing module adopts a decentralized communication architecture, and the detection modules are directly interconnected through a Mesh network or a LoRa self-organizing network to form a P2P network. When the server is disconnected, the module automatically switches to edge computing mode and makes decisions through local communication negotiation to ensure that when the main data processing module is offline, the system also has the function of triggering an alarm.

9. A multi-directional concentration detection method for preventing leakage of a large hydrogen storage tank according to claim 1, characterized in that, Specifically: Step 1: Data collection and transmission All sensors collect hydrogen concentration data at a sampling rate of 10Hz and upload it to the data processing module in real time through the SPI interface. When a sensor detects that the concentration exceeds 0.2%, it automatically switches to 50Hz high-frequency sampling and wakes up adjacent sensors to synchronously increase the sampling rate. Redundant nodes are arranged. The dual sensors in high-risk areas adopt a master-slave polling mechanism. The master sensor works continuously, and the slave sensor is activated every 5 minutes for data comparison. If the master sensor fails (such as output exceeds ±20%), the slave sensor immediately takes over and sends a fault code. Step 2: Data processing The data collected by the sensor is first processed by the distributed secondary data processing module. The data from various locations are aggregated and transmitted to the main data processing module. The leakage location is obtained by triangulation by selecting three sensor modules with the highest detection concentration, and the future diffusion trend is predicted by combining the wind speed information. Step 3: Alarm First alarm ventilation control Trigger condition: if the concentration of ≥2 adjacent sensors is ≥0.5% and lasts for 10 seconds, the explosion-proof fan will be started (speed PID control, target concentration <0.3%), and a text message alarm will be sent to the operator; Secondary alarm valve isolation Trigger conditions: when the concentration is ≥1.5% or the concentration change rate is >3% / s within 5 seconds, the ESD-1 command is sent to the upstream valve (closing time ≤0.5s), and after a delay of 200ms, the ESD-2 command is sent to the downstream valve to start the sound and light alarm (red flashing); Three-level alarm explosion suppression Trigger conditions: concentration ≥ 4% or flame detector output > 50% of the range, start nitrogen injection (flow control valve opening 100%, lasting 30s), activate the high-pressure water mist explosion suppression system (pressure ≥ 10MPa), and cut off the non-explosion-proof power supply in the tank area.

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