A high-efficiency addressable graphic smart headlight based on Micro-LED array

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of smart car headlights and projection display technology, and relates to a high-light energy-efficiency addressable graphical smart headlight based on a Micro-LED array, comprising a Micro-LED display chip, a collimating array, and a projection lens group; the collimating array is arranged on the light-emitting side of the display chip, and comprises a plurality of collimating structures aligned one by one with the center of the light-emitting units, for collimating the light emitted by the light-emitting units so that the angle of the light emitted by the light-emitting units is less than a set angle; the projection lens group is arranged on the side of the collimating array away from the display chip, and comprises at least a first spherical lens and a first aspherical lens, the concave spherical surface of the first spherical lens being arranged on the side close to the collimating array, and the convex spherical surface being arranged on the side away from the collimating array; the first aspherical lens being arranged on the side of the first spherical lens away from the collimating array, and both surfaces being convex high-order aspherical surfaces. The smart headlight provided by this application achieves the goals of miniaturization, high energy efficiency, and low cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of smart car headlights and projection display technology, and in particular to a high-light-efficiency, addressable, graphical smart headlight based on a Micro-LED array. Background Art

[0002] With the development of the economy and technology, automobiles have become an important means of transportation in people's daily lives, prompting the rapid development of intelligent vehicles. Consequently, automotive lighting systems are also gradually evolving towards intelligent visual interaction systems, offering greater safety, intelligence, and personalization. Enabling information interaction through intelligent projection lights has become a key research focus in the future. Intelligent projection lights can not only display driving routes and directions to the driver and project easily overlooked traffic signs, but can also project lane markings, traffic signs, traffic scene information, and vehicle information onto the road surface. This facilitates information dissemination to surrounding traffic participants, ensuring traffic safety and enabling orderly and efficient traffic operation.

[0003] Currently, DLP-based smart projection headlights offer enhanced functionality compared to adaptive front-lighting systems and adaptive high-beam systems, featuring programmable, fully digital, and interactive features. However, with the advancement of semiconductor technology, self-luminous display chips such as OLED, Mini-LED, and Micro-LED are being incorporated into projection systems. Compared to DLP-based smart projection headlights, these offer faster response times, higher efficiency, and lower power consumption, making them more aligned with the development trend of smart automotive lighting.

[0004] However, due to the large beam divergence angle of the self-luminous LED array display chip (nearly 180°), the numerical aperture is large, while the numerical aperture of the projection lens is relatively small. The numerical apertures of the two are mismatched, resulting in some energy spillover and low energy utilization. In order to improve energy utilization, the projection lens needs to add more optical elements to increase the numerical aperture of the projection lens so that the large-angle light beam emitted by the LED array can enter the lens and participate in imaging. This not only increases the volume and structural complexity of the projection lens, but also the large angle between the large-angle light beam and the optical axis of the lens makes it difficult to focus on the same imaging plane as the small-angle light beam, which also causes blurred imaging and affects the imaging quality. Therefore, in order to balance imaging quality and system volume, the existing technology often abandons the large-angle light beam, resulting in a loss of large-angle light energy, resulting in an energy utilization rate of less than 12% for automotive smart projection headlights.

[0005] In summary, how to design an intelligent automotive projection headlight with high imaging quality, small system size and high energy utilization is an urgent problem that needs to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the problem in the prior art of automobile intelligent projection headlights that cannot take into account the imaging quality, system volume and energy utilization.

[0007] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a high-light-efficiency, addressable, and graphically intelligent headlight based on a Micro-LED array, comprising:

[0008] Micro-LED display chips;

[0009] A collimating array, disposed on the light-emitting side of the Micro-LED display chip, includes a plurality of collimating structures aligned one by one with the centers of the light-emitting units in the Micro-LED display chip, and is used to collimate the light emitted by the light-emitting units so that the angle of the light emitted by the light-emitting units is less than a set angle;

[0010] The projection lens group is arranged on the side of the collimating array away from the Micro-LED display chip, and includes at least a first spherical lens and a first aspherical lens; wherein, the concave spherical surface of the first spherical lens is arranged on the side close to the collimating array, and the convex spherical surface is arranged on the side away from the collimating array; the first aspherical lens is arranged on the side of the first spherical lens away from the collimating array, and both sides of the first aspherical lens are convex high-order aspherical surfaces.

[0011] In this application, a collimating array is used to collimate the outgoing light of the Micro-LED display chip, and the light energy is concentrated into a small divergence angle beam. The spherical and aspherical lenses in the projection lens group modulate the light beam, and emit it as parallel light at different angles to project the image on the Micro-LED array. At the same time, without changing the numerical aperture of the projection lens group, the collimating array concentrates more light energy within a small angle range, effectively improving the energy utilization rate of the system; at the same time, the joint optimization of the collimating array and the projection lens can ensure the collimating effect of the collimating array and also ensure that the aberration introduced by the collimating array in the system is optimized and corrected. Therefore, the projection lens group is matched with the collimating array, and it is only necessary to use the spherical and aspherical lenses of the projection lens to correct spherical aberration, coma, astigmatism and other aberrations, and emit the light beam as parallel light at different angles to the imaging surface, so that the image can be clear and accurate. This solution reduces the number of lenses and structural complexity of the projection lens group while ensuring the imaging quality, effectively reducing the volume of the car's intelligent projection headlights and improving its energy utilization.

[0012] Preferably, the collimating structure comprises:

[0013] The first microlens has a sub-mirror center aligned with the center of the light-emitting unit, and both sides of the microlens have convex high-order aspheric surfaces;

[0014] The second microlens is arranged on the side of the first microlens away from the light-emitting unit, with the center of the sub-mirror aligned with the center of the light-emitting unit. The surface of the second microlens on the side close to the first microlens is a concave high-order aspheric surface, and the surface on the side away from the first microlens is a flat surface.

[0015] The base layer is arranged on the surface of the second microlens away from the first microlens.

[0016] In the present application, the first microlens can be used to specifically refract light beams emitted from the light-emitting unit at different angles, so that the emitted light at different angles converges toward the optical axis. At the same time, the design of the convex high-order aspheric surface can accurately control the refraction angle of the light beam. Compared with the ordinary spherical surface, it can better process the edge light beam and reduce the aberration. At the same time, the concave high-order aspheric surface of the second microlens matches the convex high-order aspheric surface of the first microlens, so that the light beam can be fine-tuned so that the light beam is parallel to the optical axis. Finally, the base layer is used to provide a flat exit surface for the collimated light beam, so that the light beam is neatly propagated to the projection lens group without changing the propagation direction of the light beam.

[0017] Preferably, both side surfaces of the first microlens are 8th-order convex high-order aspheric surfaces;

[0018] The second-order coefficient of the convex high-order aspheric surface of the first microlens close to the light-emitting unit is 0; the fourth-order coefficient range is ; The value range of the 6th order coefficient is ; The value range of the 8th order coefficient is ;

[0019] The second-order coefficient of the convex high-order aspheric surface of the first microlens away from the light-emitting unit is 0; the fourth-order coefficient range is ; The value range of the 6th order coefficient is ; The value range of the 8th order coefficient is .

[0020] In the present application, by defining the specific surface shapes of the convex high-order aspheric surfaces on both sides of the first microlens, the convex high-order aspheric surface on the side close to the light-emitting unit is smaller, while the convex high-order aspheric surface on the side away from the light-emitting unit is larger. The asymmetric convex surface design can more effectively collect light beams emitted from various angles of the light-emitting unit, bring the light beams at the edge into the refraction range, and improve the light beam collection rate. At the same time, the exit surface of the first microlens can avoid excessive light beam convergence, so that the light beam is emitted to the second microlens with a more appropriate distribution.

[0021] Preferably, the surface shape of the concave high-order aspheric surface of the second microlens is the same as the surface shape of the convex high-order aspheric surface of the first microlens on the side away from the light-emitting unit;

[0022] The second microlens and the first microlens are glued together to form a glued body.

[0023] In the present application, the surface shape of the concave high-order aspheric surface of the second microlens matches the surface shape of the convex high-order aspheric surface of the first microlens on the side away from the light-emitting unit, so that the second microlens and the first microlens are glued together to form a glued body. The glued aspheric surfaces can make light beams of different wavelengths converge at the same position as much as possible, thereby reducing imaging blur and distortion caused by chromatic aberration and phase difference, and improving imaging clarity and resolution.

[0024] Preferably, both side surfaces of the first aspheric lens are 10th-order convex high-order aspheric surfaces, the conic coefficient of the high-order aspheric surface close to the first spherical lens is [-0.12, -0.1], and the conic coefficient of the high-order aspheric surface away from the first spherical lens is [-215.48, -215.46].

[0025] The 2nd order coefficient of the convex high-order aspheric surfaces on both sides of the first aspheric lens is 0; the 4th order coefficient range is ; The value range of the 6th order coefficient is ; The value range of the 8th order coefficient is ; The value range of the 10th order coefficient is .

[0026] In the present application, by setting the cone coefficients on both sides of the first aspheric lens, the refraction angle of the light beam near the edge of the incident surface of the first aspheric lens is reduced relative to that of the spherical lens, and the light beam is initially converged and the aberration is corrected. At the same time, the refraction angle of the light beam near the edge of the exit surface of the first aspheric lens is greatly bent, so that the light beam converges more strongly toward the optical axis, thereby enhancing the correction effect of the spherical aberration and coma of the light beam, thereby improving the imaging quality.

[0027] Preferably, the projection lens assembly further includes a second aspherical lens and a second spherical lens;

[0028] The second aspheric lens is arranged on a side of the first aspheric lens away from the first spherical lens, and both sides of the second aspheric lens are concave high-order aspheric surfaces;

[0029] The second spherical lens is arranged on the side of the second aspherical lens away from the first aspherical lens. The surface of the second spherical lens close to the second aspherical lens is a concave spherical surface, and the surface of the second spherical lens away from the second aspherical lens is a convex spherical surface.

[0030] In the present application, the concave high-order aspheric surface of the second aspheric lens can be used to further fine-tune the propagation direction of the light beam, reduce the residual aberration that still exists after correction by the first aspheric lens, and finally the second spherical lens converges the light beam again, accurately focusing the light beam on the imaging plane, thereby forming a clear image.

[0031] Preferably, both side surfaces of the second aspheric lens are 10th-order concave high-order aspheric surfaces, the conic coefficient of the high-order aspheric surface on the side close to the first aspheric lens is [-56.36, -56.34], and the conic coefficient of the high-order aspheric surface on the side away from the first aspheric lens is [6, 8].

[0032] The second-order coefficient of the surfaces on both sides of the second aspheric lens is 0; the value range of the fourth-order coefficient is ; The value range of the 6th order coefficient is ; The value range of the 8th order coefficient is ; The value range of the 10th order coefficient is .

[0033] In the present application, by limiting the cone coefficient of the second aspheric lens on the side close to the first aspheric lens, the light beam emitted from the first aspheric lens has an increased divergence angle near the edge when entering the second aspheric lens, thereby making the light beam distribution more uniform; at the same time, the refraction angle of the light beam at the upper edge of the exit surface of the second aspheric lens is reduced, thereby alleviating the degree of light beam divergence, optimizing the light beam divergence effect, eliminating the residual aberration in the light emitted from the first aspheric lens, and further improving the imaging clarity.

[0034] Preferably, the ratio of the focal length of the first spherical lens to the focal length of the projection lens group is [10, 20], the refractive index is [1.85, 2.05], and the optical Abbe number is [32.22, 32.42]; and / or

[0035] The ratio of the focal length of the first aspheric lens to the focal length of the projection lens group is [0, 1], the refractive index is [1.78, 1.98], and the optical Abbe number is [40.75, 40.95]; and / or

[0036] The ratio of the focal length of the second aspherical lens to the focal length of the projection lens group is [-2, 2], the refractive index is [1.82, 2.02], and the optical Abbe number is [17.9, 19.9]; and / or

[0037] The ratio of the focal length of the second spherical lens to the focal length of the projection lens group is [1, 2], the refractive index is [1, 3], and the optical Abbe number is [25.33, 25.53].

[0038] In the present application, by limiting the focal length, refractive index and optical Abbe number of each lens in the projection lens group, the light beam can be effectively converged and adjusted during the propagation process, further reducing the reflection and scattering loss of the light beam on the lens surface, improving energy utilization, allowing more light beams to reach the imaging surface, and improving the brightness and contrast of the imaging. At the same time, the combination of lenses with different parameters can accurately control the propagation direction of the light beam and correct various aberrations, thereby achieving high-resolution and high-definition imaging effects and improving imaging quality.

[0039] Preferably, the distance between the first spherical lens and the collimating array is [6.58 mm, 6.78 mm]; and / or

[0040] The distance between the first aspherical lens and the first spherical lens is [0.1 mm, 0.3 mm]; and / or

[0041] The distance between the second aspheric lens and the first aspheric lens is [0.4 mm, 0.6 mm]; and / or

[0042] The distance between the second spherical lens and the second aspherical lens is [2.54 mm, 2.74 mm].

[0043] In this application, by limiting the distance between each lens, the volume can be minimized while ensuring the imaging quality, thereby promoting further miniaturization of automotive intelligent projection headlights.

[0044] Preferably, the setting angle is -30° to 30°; and / or

[0045] The entrance pupil diameter of the smart headlight is [3.5mm, 4.5mm] and the field of view angle is [45°, 55°].

[0046] The high-light energy-efficiency addressable graphical smart headlight based on the Micro-LED array provided in the present application includes a Micro-LED display chip, a collimating array and a projection lens group; the collimating array includes a plurality of collimating structures that are centrally aligned with the light-emitting units in the Micro-LED display chip, and is used to collimate the light emitted by the light-emitting units so that the angle of the light emitted by the light-emitting units is less than the set angle; the projection lens group includes at least a first spherical lens and a first aspheric lens; wherein the concave spherical surface of the first spherical lens is arranged on the side close to the collimating array, and the convex spherical surface is arranged on the side away from the collimating array; the first aspheric lens is arranged on the side of the first spherical lens away from the collimating array, and its two side surfaces are both convex high-order aspheric surfaces. This application first uses a collimating structure to collimate the outgoing light of each light-emitting unit in the Micro-LED display chip to reduce the scattering and emission of the light beam during the propagation process. At the same time, the first spherical lens in the projection lens group converges the collimated light beam, making it more concentratedly projected onto the first aspheric lens. The first aspheric lens is then used to adjust the incident angle and propagation direction of the light beam to reduce the reflection and refraction loss of the light beam, thereby increasing the energy utilization rate of the system to more than 36%. In addition, due to the collimating array, the light beam has good distribution and The propagation characteristics correct the aberration to a certain extent, assume part of the aberration correction function, and reduce the aberration correction pressure of the projection lens group. Therefore, the projection lens group only needs to use a spherical lens to correct some simple aberrations, and then use a lens with a convex high-order aspheric surface to accurately correct complex aberrations such as coma and astigmatism, so as to make the image clear and accurate. By utilizing the joint optimization effect of the collimating array and the projection lens group, the number of lenses and the structural complexity of the projection lens group are reduced while ensuring the imaging quality, so that the smart headlights can achieve the goals of miniaturization, high energy utilization and high imaging quality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0047] In order to make the content of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below based on specific embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0048] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of a high-light-efficiency, addressable, graphical smart headlight based on a Micro-LED array provided in this application;

[0049] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the Micro-LED display chip structure provided in this application;

[0050] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the collimation array provided for this application;

[0051] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the collimation structure provided in this application for collimating the light beam of the light-emitting unit;

[0052] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the collimation structure provided for this application;

[0053] Explanation of the accompanying drawings in the specification: 1. Micro-LED display chip; 11. Light-emitting unit; 2. Collimating array; 21. Collimating structure; 211. First microlens; 212. Second microlens; 213. Base layer; 3. Projection lens group; 31. First spherical lens; 32. First aspherical lens; 33. Second aspherical lens; 34. Second spherical lens. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0054] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments so that those skilled in the art can better understand the present invention and implement it. However, the embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0055] See also Figure 1 , Figure 1 The figure shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a high-light-efficiency addressable graphical smart headlight based on a Micro-LED array provided in this application. The smart headlight includes a Micro-LED display chip 1, a collimating array 2 and a projection lens group 3.

[0056] Optionally, the MIcro-LED display chip 1 can be Micro-LED, Mini-LED, or OLED.

[0057] like Figure 2 The structure diagram of the Micro-LED display chip 1 is shown. The Micro-LED display chip 1 includes a plurality of light-emitting units 11 arranged in an array. Figure 2 It can be seen from the figure that the main energy of the light beam of each light emitting unit 11 is concentrated in the divergence angle range of -60° to 60°.

[0058] The collimating array 2 is arranged on the light-emitting side of the Micro-LED display chip 1, and includes a plurality of collimating structures 21 that are aligned one by one with the center of the light-emitting units 11 in the Micro-LED display chip 1, and is used to collimate the light emitted by the light-emitting unit 11 so that the angle of the light emitted by the light-emitting unit 11 is less than the set angle.

[0059] Specifically, the distance between the collimating array 2 and the Micro-LED display chip 1 is less than or equal to 5 μm.

[0060] like Figure 3 The structure diagram of the collimating array 2 is shown as follows: Figure 4 The schematic diagram of the collimation structure 21 in the collimation array 2 collimating the light beam of the light emitting unit 11 is shown. Figure 4It can be seen from FIG. 1 that after the light beam emitted by the light emitting unit 11 enters the collimating structure 21 , the divergence angle of the emitted light is reduced to a set angle.

[0061] Furthermore, the setting angle is -30°~30°, for example, the setting angle can be -30°, -26°, -22°, -18°, -14°, -10°, 10°, 14°, 18°, 22°, 26°, and 30°.

[0062] The projection lens assembly 3 is positioned on the side of the collimating array 2 away from the Micro-LED display chip 1 and comprises at least a first spherical lens 31 and a first aspherical lens 32. The concave surface of the first spherical lens 31 is positioned on the side close to the collimating array 2, while the convex surface is positioned away from the collimating array 2. The first aspherical lens 32 is positioned on the side of the first spherical lens 31 away from the collimating array 2, and both surfaces of the first aspherical lens 32 are convex high-order aspherical surfaces.

[0063] Furthermore, the entrance pupil diameter of the smart headlight is [3.5mm, 4.5mm], and the field of view angle is [45°, 55°]. For example, the entrance pupil diameter of the smart headlight can be 3.5mm, 3.7mm, 3.9mm, 4.1mm, 4.3mm or 4.5mm, and the field of view angle can be 45°, 47°, 49°, 52° or 55°.

[0064] Further, if Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the collimating structure 21 is shown. The collimating structure 21 specifically includes a first microlens 211 , a second microlens 212 and a base layer 213 .

[0065] The center of the sub-mirror of the first microlens 211 is aligned with the center of the light-emitting unit 11 , and both side surfaces thereof are convex high-order aspheric surfaces.

[0066] The second microlens 212 is arranged on the side of the first microlens 211 away from the light-emitting unit 11, and the center of its sub-mirror is aligned with the center of the light-emitting unit 11. The surface close to the first microlens 211 is a concave high-order aspheric surface, and the surface away from the first microlens 211 is a plane.

[0067] The base layer 213 is disposed on a surface of the second microlens 212 away from the first microlens 211 .

[0068] The first microlens 211 can be used to specifically refract the light beams emitted from the light-emitting unit 11 at different angles, so that the emitted light at different angles converges toward the optical axis. At the same time, the design of the convex high-order aspheric surface can accurately control the refraction angle of the light beam. Compared with the ordinary spherical surface, it can better process the edge light beam and reduce the aberration. At the same time, the concave high-order aspheric surface of the second microlens 212 matches the convex high-order aspheric surface of the first microlens 211, so that the light beam can be fine-tuned so that the light beam is parallel to the optical axis. Finally, the base layer 213 is used to provide a flat exit surface for the collimated light beam, so that the light beam is neatly propagated to the projection lens group 3 without changing the propagation direction of the light beam.

[0069] Through the synergistic effect of the first microlens 211 and the second microlens 212, the divergent light emitted by the light-emitting unit 11 is effectively converted into a collimated light beam parallel to the optical axis, reducing the scattering and divergence of the light beam. On the one hand, it can deflect the large-angle light emitted by the Micro-LED display chip 1 and reduce the numerical aperture of the light emitted by the Micro-LED display chip 1, thereby improving the coupling efficiency between the Micro-LED display chip 1 and the projection lens group 3, and improving the energy utilization rate of the smart headlight; on the other hand, the collimating array 2 composed of the collimating structure 21 can act as a lens in the smart headlight, assuming part of the aberration correction function, and jointly optimizing with the projection lens group 3 to reduce the system aberration and improve the imaging quality, reduce the aberration correction pressure of the projection lens group 3, thereby reducing the number of lenses and the structural complexity of the projection lens group 3, making the smart headlight further miniaturized.

[0070] Specifically, the surface expression of high-order aspheric surface is:

[0071] ,

[0072] in, Represents the vector height at the a-th sampling point on the high-order aspheric surface; , Indicates the radius of curvature of the vertex of a high-order aspheric surface; represents the cone coefficient; Represents the lens radius at the a-th sampling point on the high-order aspheric surface, , Represents the coordinates of the a-th sampling point on the high-order aspheric surface; , Indicates the number of sampling points on the high-order aspheric surface; is the second-order coefficient of the high-order aspheric surface; is the 4th order coefficient of the high-order aspheric surface; is the 6th-order coefficient of the high-order aspheric surface; is the 8th-order coefficient of the high-order aspheric surface; is the 10th-order coefficient of the high-order aspheric surface.

[0073] The specific surface shape of the high-order aspheric surface can be determined by determining the order of the high-order aspheric surface and the coefficient of each order term. Although high-order aspheric surfaces can adjust the incident light beam more accurately than low-order aspheric surfaces, as the order term increases, the processing difficulty and production cost of the high-order aspheric surface also increase accordingly. Therefore, by setting reasonable order terms and coefficients of each order term, the lens's light beam adjustment performance and production cost can be balanced.

[0074] Furthermore, in the present application, both side surfaces of the first microlens 211 are 8th-order convex high-order aspheric surfaces.

[0075] The second-order coefficient of the convex high-order aspheric surface of the first microlens 211 close to the light-emitting unit 11 is 0; the fourth-order coefficient range is ; The value range of the 6th order coefficient is ; The value range of the 8th order coefficient is .

[0076] The second-order coefficient of the convex high-order aspheric surface of the first microlens 211 away from the light-emitting unit 11 is 0; the fourth-order coefficient range is ; The value range of the 6th order coefficient is ; The value range of the 8th order coefficient is .

[0077] Specifically, by limiting the specific surface shapes of the convex high-order aspheric surfaces on both sides of the first microlens 211, the convex high-order aspheric surface on the side close to the light-emitting unit 11 is smaller, and the convex high-order aspheric surface on the side away from the light-emitting unit 11 is larger. This asymmetric convex surface design can more effectively collect light beams emitted from various angles of the light-emitting unit 11, bring the light beams at the edge into the refraction range, and improve the light beam collection rate. At the same time, the exit surface of the first microlens 211 can avoid excessive convergence of the light beam, so that the light beam is emitted to the second microlens 212 with a more appropriate distribution.

[0078] Furthermore, the surface shape of the concave high-order aspheric surface of the second microlens 212 is the same as the surface shape of the convex high-order aspheric surface of the first microlens 211 on the side away from the light emitting unit 11 .

[0079] The second microlens 212 and the first microlens 211 are glued together to form a glued body.

[0080] Specifically, by gluing the second microlens 212 and the first microlens 211 to form a glued body, the glued aspheric surface can make light beams of different wavelengths converge at the same position as much as possible, thereby reducing imaging blur and deformation problems caused by chromatic aberration and phase difference, and improving imaging clarity and resolution.

[0081] Furthermore, both side surfaces of the first aspheric lens 32 are 10th-order convex high-order aspheric surfaces, and the conic coefficient of the high-order aspheric surface on the side close to the first spherical lens 31 is [-0.12, -0.1], and the conic coefficient of the high-order aspheric surface on the side away from the first spherical lens 31 is [-215.48, -215.46].

[0082] The 2nd order coefficient of the convex high-order aspheric surfaces on both sides of the first aspheric lens 32 is 0; the 4th order coefficient range is ; The value range of the 6th order coefficient is ; The value range of the 8th order coefficient is ; The value range of the 10th order coefficient is .

[0083] By setting the cone coefficients on both sides of the first aspheric lens 32, the refraction angle of the light beam near the edge of the incident surface of the first aspheric lens 32 is reduced relative to that of the spherical lens, and the light beam is preliminarily converged and the aberration is corrected. At the same time, the refraction angle of the light beam near the edge of the exit surface of the first aspheric lens 32 is greatly bent, so that the light beam converges more strongly toward the optical axis, thereby enhancing the correction effect of the spherical aberration and coma of the light beam, thereby improving the imaging quality.

[0084] Further, if Figure 1 As shown, the projection lens group 3 further includes a second aspherical lens 33 and a second spherical lens 34 .

[0085] The second aspheric lens 33 is disposed on a side of the first aspheric lens 32 away from the first spherical lens 31 , and both side surfaces thereof are concave high-order aspheric surfaces.

[0086] The second spherical lens 34 is disposed on a side of the second aspherical lens 33 away from the first aspherical lens 32 . The surface of the second spherical lens 34 close to the second aspherical lens 33 is a concave spherical surface, and the surface of the second spherical lens 34 away from the second aspherical lens 33 is a convex spherical surface.

[0087] Specifically, after the light beam emitted by the collimating array 2 is converged by the first spherical lens 31 and adjusted by the first aspheric lens 32, the propagation direction of the light beam can be further fine-tuned using the concave high-order aspheric surface of the second aspheric lens 33, thereby reducing the residual aberration that still exists after correction by the first aspheric lens 32. Finally, the light beam is converged again by the second spherical lens 34, and the light beam is accurately focused on the imaging plane, thereby forming a clear image.

[0088] Optionally, the first aspheric lens 32 and the second aspheric lens 33 may be made of optical plastic or glass. In one specific example, the first aspheric lens 32 and the second aspheric lens 33 are made of polycarbonate because polycarbonate has high strength and high temperature resistance, is easy to process, and has lower production and processing costs than optical glass.

[0089] Furthermore, both side surfaces of the second aspheric lens 33 are 10th-order concave high-order aspheric surfaces, and the conic coefficient of the high-order aspheric surface on the side close to the first aspheric lens 32 is [-56.36, -56.34], and the conic coefficient of the high-order aspheric surface on the side away from the first aspheric lens 32 is [6, 8].

[0090] The second order coefficient of the two side surfaces of the second aspheric lens 33 is 0; the value range of the fourth order coefficient is ; The value range of the 6th order coefficient is ; The value range of the 8th order coefficient is ; The value range of the 10th order coefficient is .

[0091] Specifically, by limiting the cone coefficient of the second aspheric lens 33 on the side close to the first aspheric lens 32, the divergence angle of the light beam emitted from the first aspheric lens 32 increases near the edge when entering the second aspheric lens 33, thereby making the light beam distribution more uniform; at the same time, the refraction angle of the light beam at the upper edge of the exit surface of the second aspheric lens 33 is reduced, thereby alleviating the degree of light beam divergence, optimizing the light beam divergence effect, eliminating the residual aberration in the light emitted from the first aspheric lens 32, and further improving the imaging clarity.

[0092] Furthermore, the ratio of the focal length of the first spherical lens 31 to the focal length of the projection lens group 3 is [10, 20], the refractive index is [1.85, 2.05], and the optical Abbe number is [32.22, 32.42].

[0093] Furthermore, the ratio of the focal length of the first aspheric lens 32 to the focal length of the projection lens group 3 is [0, 1], the refractive index is [1.78, 1.98], and the optical Abbe number is [40.75, 40.95].

[0094] Furthermore, the ratio of the focal length of the second aspherical lens 33 to the focal length of the projection lens group 3 is [-2, 2], the refractive index is [1.82, 2.02], and the optical Abbe number is [17.9, 19.9].

[0095] Furthermore, the ratio of the focal length of the second spherical lens 34 to the focal length of the projection lens group 3 is [1, 2], the refractive index is [1, 3], and the optical Abbe number is [25.33, 25.53].

[0096] Specifically, by limiting the focal length, refractive index and optical Abbe number of each lens in the projection lens group 3, the light beam can be effectively converged and adjusted during the propagation process, further reducing the reflection and scattering loss of the light beam on the lens surface, improving energy utilization, allowing more light beams to reach the imaging surface, and improving the brightness and contrast of the imaging. At the same time, combining lenses with different parameters can accurately control the propagation direction of the light beam and correct various aberrations, thereby achieving high-resolution, high-definition imaging effects and improving imaging quality.

[0097] Furthermore, the distance between the first spherical lens 31 and the collimating array 2 is [6.58 mm, 6.78 mm].

[0098] Furthermore, the distance between the first aspherical lens 32 and the first spherical lens 31 is [0.1 mm, 0.3 mm].

[0099] Furthermore, the distance between the second aspheric lens 33 and the first aspheric lens 32 is [0.4 mm, 0.6 mm].

[0100] Furthermore, the distance between the second spherical lens 34 and the second aspherical lens 33 is [2.54 mm, 2.74 mm].

[0101] Specifically, the distance between different lenses affects not only the imaging quality but also the volume. By limiting the distance between each lens, the present application can minimize the volume while ensuring the imaging quality, thereby promoting further miniaturization of smart headlights.

[0102] The technical solution of the present application is described in more detail below in conjunction with a plurality of embodiments. However, it should be understood that the following embodiments are only for explaining and illustrating the technical solution and do not limit the scope of the present application.

[0103] Embodiment 1 of the present application provides a high-light-efficiency addressable graphical smart headlight based on a Micro-LED array, specifically comprising: a Micro-LED display chip, a collimating array, and a projection lens group.

[0104] The collimating array includes multiple collimating structures that are centrally aligned with the light-emitting units in the Micro-LED display chip. Each collimating structure includes a first microlens, a second microlens, and a base layer arranged in sequence along the propagation direction of the light beam.

[0105] The surfaces on both sides of the first microlens are both 8th-order convex high-order aspheric surfaces. The 2nd-order coefficient of the convex high-order aspheric surface close to the light-emitting unit is 0; the 4th-order coefficient is ; The coefficient of the 6th order term is ; The coefficient of the 8th order term is The 2nd order coefficient of the convex high-order aspheric surface on the side away from the light-emitting unit is 0; the 4th order coefficient is ; The coefficient of the 6th order term is ; The coefficient of the 8th order term is .

[0106] The surface of the second microlens close to the first microlens is a concave high-order aspheric surface, and the surface of the second microlens away from the first microlens is a plane.

[0107] The projection lens group comprises a first spherical lens, a first aspherical lens, a second aspherical lens and a second spherical lens which are sequentially arranged along a light beam propagation direction.

[0108] The ratio of the focal length of the first spherical lens to the focal length of the projection lens group is 10, the refractive index is 1.85, the optical Abbe number is 32.22, and the distance between the first spherical lens and the collimating array is 6.58 mm.

[0109] Both sides of the first aspheric lens are 10th-order convex high-order aspheric surfaces. The conic coefficient of the high-order aspheric surface close to the first spherical lens is -0.12, and the conic coefficient of the high-order aspheric surface away from the first spherical lens is -215.48.

[0110] The 2nd order coefficient of the convex high-order aspheric surfaces on both sides of the first aspheric lens is 0; the 4th order coefficient is ; The coefficient of the 6th order term is ; The coefficient of the 8th order term is ; The coefficient of the 10th-order term is 1.359e-006.

[0111] The ratio of the focal length of the first aspheric lens to the focal length of the projection lens group is 0, the refractive index is 1.78, the optical Abbe number is 40.75, and the distance between the first aspheric lens and the first spherical lens is 0.1 mm.

[0112] Both sides of the second aspheric lens are 10th-order concave high-order aspheric surfaces. The conic coefficient of the high-order aspheric surface on the side close to the first aspheric lens is -56.36, and the conic coefficient of the high-order aspheric surface on the side away from the first aspheric lens is 6.

[0113] The second-order coefficient of the surfaces on both sides of the second aspheric lens is 0; the fourth-order coefficient is ; The coefficient of the 6th order term is ; The coefficient of the 8th order term is ; The coefficient of the 10th-order term is 1.102e-007.

[0114] The ratio of the focal length of the second aspheric lens to the focal length of the projection lens group is -2, the refractive index is 1.82, the optical Abbe number is 17.9, and the distance between the second aspheric lens and the first aspheric lens is 0.4 mm.

[0115] The ratio of the focal length of the second spherical lens to the focal length of the projection lens group is 1, the refractive index is 1, the optical Abbe number is 25.33, and the distance between the second spherical lens and the second aspherical lens is 2.54 mm.

[0116] Embodiment 2 of the present application provides a high-light-efficiency addressable graphical smart headlight based on a Micro-LED array, specifically including: a Micro-LED display chip, a collimating array, and a projection lens group.

[0117] The collimating array includes multiple collimating structures that are centrally aligned with the light-emitting units in the Micro-LED display chip. Each collimating structure includes a first microlens, a second microlens, and a base layer arranged in sequence along the propagation direction of the light beam.

[0118] The surfaces on both sides of the first microlens are both 8th-order convex high-order aspheric surfaces. The 2nd-order coefficient of the convex high-order aspheric surface on the side close to the light-emitting unit is 0; the 4th-order coefficient is ; The coefficient of the 6th order term is ; The coefficient of the 8th order term is The 2nd order coefficient of the convex high-order aspheric surface on the side away from the light-emitting unit is 0; the 4th order coefficient is ; The coefficient of the 6th order term is ; The coefficient of the 8th order term is .

[0119] The surface of the second microlens close to the first microlens is a concave high-order aspheric surface, and the surface of the second microlens away from the first microlens is a plane.

[0120] The projection lens group comprises a first spherical lens, a first aspherical lens, a second aspherical lens and a second spherical lens which are sequentially arranged along a light beam propagation direction.

[0121] The ratio of the focal length of the first spherical lens to the focal length of the projection lens group is 15, the refractive index is 1.9, the optical Abbe number is 32.27, and the distance between the first spherical lens and the collimating array is 6.63 mm.

[0122] Both sides of the first aspheric lens are 10th-order convex high-order aspheric surfaces. The conic coefficient of the high-order aspheric surface close to the first spherical lens is -0.115, and the conic coefficient of the high-order aspheric surface away from the first spherical lens is -215.475.

[0123] The 2nd order coefficient of the convex high-order aspheric surfaces on both sides of the first aspheric lens is 0; the 4th order coefficient is ; The coefficient of the 6th order term is ; The coefficient of the 8th order term is ; The coefficient of the 10th-order term is 1.3595e-006.

[0124] The ratio of the focal length of the first aspheric lens to the focal length of the projection lens group is 0.5, the refractive index is 1.83, the optical Abbe number is 40.8, and the distance between the first aspheric lens and the first spherical lens is 0.15 mm.

[0125] Both sides of the second aspheric lens are 10th-order concave high-order aspheric surfaces. The conic coefficient of the high-order aspheric surface on the side close to the first aspheric lens is -56.355, and the conic coefficient of the high-order aspheric surface on the side away from the first aspheric lens is 6.5.

[0126] The second-order coefficient of the surfaces on both sides of the second aspheric lens is 0; the fourth-order coefficient is ; The coefficient of the 6th order term is ; The coefficient of the 8th order term is ; The coefficient of the 10th-order term is 1.1025e-007.

[0127] The ratio of the focal length of the second aspheric lens to the focal length of the projection lens group is 0, the refractive index is 1.87, the optical Abbe number is 18.4, and the distance between the second aspheric lens and the first aspheric lens is 0.45 mm.

[0128] The ratio of the focal length of the second spherical lens to the focal length of the projection lens group is 1.5, the refractive index is 1.5, the optical Abbe number is 25.38, and the distance between the second spherical lens and the second aspherical lens is 2.59 mm.

[0129] Embodiment 3 of the present application provides a high-light-efficiency addressable graphical smart headlight based on a Micro-LED array, specifically including: a Micro-LED display chip, a collimating array, and a projection lens group.

[0130] The collimating array includes multiple collimating structures that are centrally aligned with the light-emitting units in the Micro-LED display chip. Each collimating structure includes a first microlens, a second microlens, and a base layer arranged in sequence along the propagation direction of the light beam.

[0131] The surfaces on both sides of the first microlens are both 8th-order convex high-order aspheric surfaces. The 2nd-order coefficient of the convex high-order aspheric surface close to the light-emitting unit is 0; the 4th-order coefficient is ; The coefficient of the 6th order term is ; The coefficient of the 8th order term is The 2nd order coefficient of the convex high-order aspheric surface on the side away from the light-emitting unit is 0; the 4th order coefficient is ; The coefficient of the 6th order term is ; The coefficient of the 8th order term is .

[0132] The surface of the second microlens close to the first microlens is a concave high-order aspheric surface, and the surface of the second microlens away from the first microlens is a plane.

[0133] The projection lens group comprises a first spherical lens, a first aspherical lens, a second aspherical lens and a second spherical lens which are sequentially arranged along a light beam propagation direction.

[0134] The ratio of the focal length of the first spherical lens to the focal length of the projection lens group is 20, the refractive index is 1.95, the optical Abbe number is 32.32, and the distance between the first spherical lens and the collimating array is 6.68 mm.

[0135] Both sides of the first aspheric lens are 10th-order convex high-order aspheric surfaces. The conic coefficient of the high-order aspheric surface close to the first spherical lens is -0.11, and the conic coefficient of the high-order aspheric surface away from the first spherical lens is -215.47.

[0136] The 2nd order coefficient of the convex high-order aspheric surfaces on both sides of the first aspheric lens is 0; the 4th order coefficient is ; The coefficient of the 6th order term is ; The coefficient of the 8th order term is ; The coefficient of the 10th-order term is 1.359e-006.

[0137] The ratio of the focal length of the first aspheric lens to the focal length of the projection lens group is 1, the refractive index is 1.88, the optical Abbe number is 40.85, and the distance between the first aspheric lens and the first spherical lens is 0.2 mm.

[0138] Both sides of the second aspheric lens are 10th-order concave high-order aspheric surfaces. The conic coefficient of the high-order aspheric surface on the side close to the first aspheric lens is -56.35, and the conic coefficient of the high-order aspheric surface on the side away from the first aspheric lens is 7.

[0139] The second-order coefficient of the surfaces on both sides of the second aspheric lens is 0; the fourth-order coefficient is ; The coefficient of the 6th order term is ; The coefficient of the 8th order term is ; The coefficient of the 10th-order term is 1.103e-007.

[0140] The ratio of the focal length of the second aspheric lens to the focal length of the projection lens group is 2, the refractive index is 1.92, the optical Abbe number is 18.9, and the distance between the second aspheric lens and the first aspheric lens is 0.5 mm.

[0141] The ratio of the focal length of the second spherical lens to the focal length of the projection lens group is 2, the refractive index is 2, the optical Abbe number is 25.43, and the distance between the second spherical lens and the second aspherical lens is 2.64 mm.

[0142] This application tested the projection of the high-light-efficiency addressable, graphic-based smart headlights provided in Examples 1 to 3 above, and tested the energy utilization rate of each high-light-efficiency, addressable, graphic-based smart headlight, and obtained the test results shown in Table 1 below:

[0143] Table 1

[0144] Example Energy utilization Example 1 36.3% Example 2 37.2% Example 3 36.6%

[0145] As can be seen from the table, the high-light-efficiency addressable graphical smart headlight based on the Micro-LED array provided in this application has a high energy utilization rate, with the energy utilization rate being greater than 36%; moreover, by comparing the test results of Examples 1 to 3, it can be found that although the specific surface shapes of each lens in the system, the distance between lenses and other parameters are different, the energy utilization rates are not much different.

[0146] This application provides a high-light-efficiency, addressable, graphical smart headlight based on a Micro-LED array. The headlight uses a Micro-LED display chip as the image plane, with the eye side as the system entrance pupil. The headlight is composed of a projection lens group and a collimating array. The collimating structure in the collimating array converges the large-angle light beam of each light-emitting unit in the Micro-LED display chip into a small-angle light beam, thereby improving the coupling efficiency between the Micro-LED display chip and the projection lens group and improving energy utilization. At the same time, the collimating array plays a partial role in aberration correction in the entire system, reducing the aberration correction pressure of the projection lens group, thereby reducing the number of lenses in the projection lens group. By jointly optimizing the collimating array and the lenses in the projection lens group, the number of lenses in the projection lens group and the structural complexity of the projection lens group can be further reduced. This improves energy utilization while reducing the system volume, thus achieving miniaturization, high efficiency, and low cost of the smart headlight.

[0147] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for clarity of explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation methods. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to enumerate all implementation methods here. Obvious variations or modifications arising therefrom remain within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-light-efficiency, addressable, graphical smart headlight based on a Micro-LED array, characterized by: include: Micro-LED display chips; A collimating array, disposed on the light-emitting side of the Micro-LED display chip, includes a plurality of collimating structures aligned one by one with the centers of the light-emitting units in the Micro-LED display chip, and is used to collimate the light emitted by the light-emitting units so that the angle of the light emitted by the light-emitting units is less than a set angle; A projection lens assembly is provided on the side of the collimating array away from the Micro-LED display chip, and includes at least a first spherical lens and a first aspherical lens; wherein the concave spherical surface of the first spherical lens is provided on the side close to the collimating array, and the convex spherical surface is provided on the side away from the collimating array; the first aspherical lens is provided on the side of the first spherical lens away from the collimating array, and both surfaces of the first aspherical lens are convex high-order aspherical surfaces; Both sides of the first aspheric lens are 10th-order convex high-order aspheric surfaces, and the conic coefficient of the high-order aspheric surface on the side close to the first spherical lens is [-0.12, -0.1], and the conic coefficient of the high-order aspheric surface on the side away from the first spherical lens is [-215.48, -215.46]; The 2nd order coefficient of the convex high-order aspheric surfaces on both sides of the first aspheric lens is 0; the 4th order coefficient range is ; The value range of the 6th order coefficient is ; The value range of the 8th order coefficient is ; The value range of the 10th order coefficient is .

2. The high-light-efficiency addressable graphic smart headlight based on a Micro-LED array according to claim 1, characterized in that: The collimation structure includes: The first microlens has a sub-mirror center aligned with the center of the light-emitting unit, and both sides of the microlens have convex high-order aspheric surfaces; The second microlens is arranged on the side of the first microlens away from the light-emitting unit, with the center of the sub-mirror aligned with the center of the light-emitting unit. The surface of the second microlens on the side close to the first microlens is a concave high-order aspheric surface, and the surface on the side away from the first microlens is a flat surface. The base layer is arranged on the surface of the second microlens away from the first microlens.

3. The high-light-efficiency addressable graphic smart headlight based on a Micro-LED array according to claim 2, characterized in that: Both sides of the first microlens are 8th-order convex high-order aspheric surfaces; The second-order coefficient of the convex high-order aspheric surface of the first microlens close to the light-emitting unit is 0; the value range of the fourth-order coefficient is ; The value range of the 6th order coefficient is ; The value range of the 8th order coefficient is ; The second-order coefficient of the convex high-order aspheric surface of the first microlens away from the light-emitting unit is 0; the fourth-order coefficient range is ; The value range of the 6th order coefficient is ; The value range of the 8th order coefficient is .

4. The high-light-efficiency addressable graphic smart headlight based on a Micro-LED array according to claim 3, characterized in that: The surface shape of the concave high-order aspheric surface of the second microlens is the same as the surface shape of the convex high-order aspheric surface of the first microlens on the side away from the light-emitting unit; The second microlens and the first microlens are glued together to form a glued body.

5. The high-light-efficiency addressable graphic smart headlight based on a Micro-LED array according to claim 1, characterized in that: The projection lens assembly further includes a second aspherical lens and a second spherical lens; The second aspheric lens is arranged on a side of the first aspheric lens away from the first spherical lens, and both sides of the second aspheric lens are concave high-order aspheric surfaces; The second spherical lens is arranged on the side of the second aspherical lens away from the first aspherical lens. The surface of the second spherical lens close to the second aspherical lens is a concave spherical surface, and the surface of the second spherical lens away from the second aspherical lens is a convex spherical surface.

6. The high-light-efficiency addressable graphic smart headlight based on a Micro-LED array according to claim 5, characterized in that: Both sides of the second aspheric lens are 10th-order concave high-order aspheric surfaces. The conic coefficient of the high-order aspheric surface on the side close to the first aspheric lens is [-56.36, -56.34], and the conic coefficient of the high-order aspheric surface on the side away from the first aspheric lens is [6, 8]. The second-order coefficient of the surfaces on both sides of the second aspheric lens is 0; the value range of the fourth-order coefficient is ; The value range of the 6th order coefficient is ; The value range of the 8th order coefficient is ; The value range of the 10th order coefficient is .

7. The high-light-efficiency addressable graphic smart headlight based on a Micro-LED array according to claim 5, characterized in that: The ratio of the focal length of the first spherical lens to the focal length of the projection lens group is [10, 20], the refractive index is [1.85, 2.05], and the optical Abbe number is [32.22, 32.42]; and / or The ratio of the focal length of the first aspheric lens to the focal length of the projection lens group is [0, 1], the refractive index is [1.78, 1.98], and the optical Abbe number is [40.75, 40.95]; and / or The ratio of the focal length of the second aspherical lens to the focal length of the projection lens group is [-2, 2], the refractive index is [1.82, 2.02], and the optical Abbe number is [17.9, 19.9]; and / or The ratio of the focal length of the second spherical lens to the focal length of the projection lens group is [1, 2], the refractive index is [1, 3], and the optical Abbe number is [25.33, 25.53].

8. The high-light-efficiency addressable graphic smart headlight based on a Micro-LED array according to claim 5, characterized in that: The distance between the first spherical lens and the collimating array is [6.58 mm, 6.78 mm]; and / or The distance between the first aspherical lens and the first spherical lens is [0.1 mm, 0.3 mm]; and / or The distance between the second aspheric lens and the first aspheric lens is [0.4 mm, 0.6 mm]; and / or The distance between the second spherical lens and the second aspherical lens is [2.54 mm, 2.74 mm].

9. The high-light-efficiency addressable graphic smart headlight based on a Micro-LED array according to claim 1, characterized in that: Set the angle to -30°~30°; and / or The entrance pupil diameter of the smart headlight is [3.5mm, 4.5mm] and the field of view angle is [45°, 55°].

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