Online decoking device for nozzle of turbulent burner and decoking method of online decoking device

Abstract

The invention discloses a cyclone burner nozzle online decoking device and a decoking method thereof.The cyclone burner nozzle online decoking device comprises a telescopic oil gun sleeve and a telescopic knife hanging support arranged at one end of the oil gun sleeve, and a plurality of decoking scrapers are arranged on the knife hanging support; the other end of the oil gun sleeve is fixed on the hollow motor and is connected to the PCL controller through a data transmission line; when the automatic decoking device works, the oil gun sleeve and the hollow motor are sleeved on the oil gun at the nozzle of the combustor, the hollow motor is fixed on the combustor, and the expansion and contraction of the oil gun sleeve and the scraper support and the start and stop of the hollow motor are controlled by the PCL controller according to the continuous collection coking condition of the sensor, so that the purpose of automatic decoking is achieved; according to the invention, the decoking scraper is used for decoking at the nozzle of the burner in a rotating manner, the boiler body is not impacted, the damage to the boiler is reduced, and the PLC is used for automatically decoking, so that the manual operation can be reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of boiler coke removal, and particularly to an on-line coke removal device and method for a swirl burner nozzle. Background Art

[0002] Boiler coking is a relatively common phenomenon in the operation of coal-fired industrial boilers. It can disrupt the normal combustion condition, reduce the steam output of the boiler; disrupt the normal water circulation, causing tube explosion accidents, and in severe cases, it can even block the furnace cavity outlet and force the boiler to stop. Since after the boiler cokes, the molten ash particles fall and accumulate near the burner nozzle, it can cause blockage and even burning damage of the primary air nozzle of the burner, and the outlet air flow will be disordered, which will further deteriorate the combustion condition in the furnace. The existing furnace body is equipped with heating surface soot blowers, and the burner nozzles generally do not install soot blowing guns to prevent soot blowing from causing fire extinguishing accidents. Therefore, coke removal from the boiler burner nozzles has become an urgent problem to be solved.

[0003] The existing coke removal tools use an iron long rod. One end of the long rod is a sharp coke removal head, and the other end is a handle. Coke is removed by manual poking. However, because an iron wind coke removal head is used for coke removal and it is difficult to master the manual coke removal force, it is easy to damage the boiler.

[0004] The patent with the application number CN200920015374.5 discloses a coke breaker. An impactor that can swing at multiple angles is arranged on a lifting platform. The impact for coke removal uses a rail impactor, which is provided with impact by an impact motor and feed by a rotary motor. The two motors cooperate to generate impact vibration for coke removal. However, it is difficult to coordinate the two in actual operation, and it is also difficult to coordinate the linkage control of each part. In particular, in this impact method for coke removal, the impact power is at the rear end of the rail far from the impact bit, and the generated vibration force is transmitted through the rail. By the time it is truly transmitted to the impact bit, it has been greatly weakened, and the actual coke removal effect is not ideal. Secondly, this coke breaker can only perform linear coke removal, that is, it can only strike the coking on the furnace wall surface opposite the coke removal hole. Since the number of coke removal holes on the boiler wall is limited, it is impossible to open a large number of holes without restraint, and in addition, the area of the coke removal hole is relatively small, so it is difficult for the coke breaker to achieve large-range swing impact for coke removal. Therefore, there are coke removal dead corners and it is difficult to remove all the coking.

[0005] The patent with the application number CN202210969589.0 discloses a boiler fire detection hole coke removal device, belonging to the technical field of boiler flame detection in thermal power plants. It includes: a bottom plate; a bracket that can rotate 360° relative to the bottom plate in the horizontal plane; a coke removal gun, including a gun body and a gun tip, the gun body is slidably installed on the bracket, and the gun tip can rotate and fold relative to the gun body in the vertical plane; a direct stroke cylinder, fixedly connected to the tail of the gun body, used to drive the gun body to stretch relative to the bracket and enter the fire detection hole for coke removal operation; a camera lens group, installed on the bracket, used to collect the coking image information in the fire detection hole; a video display module, used to display the coking image in the fire detection hole collected by the camera lens group. However, since this invention requires opening a fire detection hole on the boiler, which is harmful to the boiler body, and the coke removal gun is driven by a direct stroke cylinder, resulting in a rigid contact with the boiler during coke removal, it will also cause damage to the boiler.

[0006] The above patents all have the problem of damaging the boiler body because they all need to open a fire detection hole on the boiler and complete coke removal by hitting the furnace wall surface. Therefore, a swirl burner nozzle online coke removal device and a coke removal method are proposed to solve the problem of easy damage to the furnace wall existing above. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In order to solve the above problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a swirl burner nozzle online coke removal device and its coke removal method.

[0008] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0009] A swirl burner nozzle online coke removal device includes an oil gun sleeve with a hollow design. One end of the oil gun sleeve is connected with at least one coke removal scraper through a scraper bracket, and the other end is fixed on the hollow rotor of a hollow motor; the stator of the hollow motor is fixedly connected with the burner and is connected with a PLC controller through a data transmission line;

[0010] The scraper bracket includes a fixed cap fixed at the end of the oil gun sleeve, a sliding sleeve sleeved on the oil gun sleeve, and a connecting rod mechanism connecting the fixed cap and the sliding sleeve; the sliding sleeve is powered by a first lead screw and a first motor, the first motor is fixed on the outer wall of the oil gun sleeve and is connected with the PLC controller through a data transmission line; the PLC controller controls the hollow motor to drive the oil gun sleeve to rotate according to the coking signal detected by the sensor, and at the same time controls the first motor to adjust the contact pressure between the coke removal scraper and the inner wall of the burner nozzle cavity through the connecting rod mechanism.

[0011] Preferably, the connecting rod mechanism includes a first pull rod, a second pull rod and a pin shaft; one end of the first pull rod is hinged to the fixed cap, and the other end is hinged to the coke removal scraper; one end of the second pull rod is hinged to the sliding sleeve, and the other end is slidably connected with the coke removal scraper through a slide rail groove; the first pull rod and the second pull rod form a linkage fulcrum through the pin shaft.

[0012] Preferably, the number of the first drawbar and the second drawbar corresponds one-to-one to the number of the coke removing scrapers.

[0013] Preferably, the oil gun sleeve is a multi-stage telescopic structure, including at least two sleeves nested with each other; a limiting groove and a limiting block are arranged between adjacent sleeves, the limiting groove is arranged on the inner wall of the sleeve sleeved outside, and the limiting block is arranged on the outer wall of the sleeve sleeved inside.

[0014] Preferably, after the oil gun sleeve extends, the section with a fixed cap at the end is the first section sleeve, and the section connected to the hollow motor is the last section sleeve. A positioning block is fixed on the outer wall of the first section sleeve, a second threaded hole is opened on the positioning block, the positioning block is connected to the power output shaft of the second motor through a second lead screw arranged in the second threaded hole, and the second motor is fixed on the outer wall of the last section sleeve and is connected to the PLC controller through a data transmission line.

[0015] Preferably, a sensor for detecting the coking condition of the burner nozzle is arranged on the fixed cap, and the data output end of the sensor is connected to the PLC controller through a data transmission line.

[0016] Preferably, the sensor adopts at least one of an infrared thermal imaging sensor, a pressure sensor or an optical camera.

[0017] Preferably, a vibration motor is further arranged on the fixed cap, and the vibration motor is connected to the PLC controller through a data transmission line.

[0018] Preferably, a replaceable brush head is arranged on the working surface of the coke removing scraper, and the material of the brush head is high-temperature resistant ceramic fiber or silicon carbide composite material.

[0019] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] 1. The present invention uses a PLC controller to control the telescoping of the oil gun sleeve and the scraper support arranged at one end of the oil gun sleeve, and at the same time uses the PLC controller to control the start and stop of the hollow motor, and removes coke in a rotating manner at the burner nozzle, which can reduce manual operation, reduce the workload of workers, and at the same time has no impact on the boiler body and reduces the damage to the boiler;

[0021] 2. The present invention uses the telescopic oil gun sleeve 1 and the scraper support 2 to drive the coke removing scraper 3 to remove coke from the burner nozzle, and can expand and retract the coke removing scraper 3 according to the working conditions, which can reduce the burning damage of the flame of the burner nozzle to the coke removing scraper 3 and prolong the service life;

[0022] 3. The present invention sleeved the oil gun sleeve 1 and the hollow motor 4 outside the oil gun barrel, and collected data in real time through the sensor 7 as the basis for judging coke removal. The installation is simple and the disassembly is convenient. It can automatically clean the coke block without stopping the furnace, reduce the cost generated by boiler shutdown, and can reduce the maintenance frequency of thermal workers and improve the coke removal efficiency;

[0023] 4. In the oil gun casing 1 designed in multiple sections of the present invention, a limiting groove 101 and a limiting block 102 that can cooperate with each other are provided. When the hollow motor 4 starts, the situation of slipping caused by the increased torque of two adjacent casings can be avoided, which can reduce device failures and maintenance costs.

[0024] 5. The present invention adopts a vibration motor 8 to start synchronously during decoking, and an oil brush head 302 is arranged on the decoking tool holder 3. The coking can be further cleaned through vibration and the brush head 302, which can further improve the decoking efficiency.

[0025] 6. The oil gun casing 1 and the hollow motor 4 of the automatic decoking device described in the present invention are sleeved outside the oil gun 1001 of the burner 10, and the hollow motor 4 is fixed on the burner 10, which has the effects of simple and convenient installation. Description of the Drawings

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the overall device of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 It is a sectional view of the overall device of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 It is a partial enlarged view of the limiting groove and the limiting block that cooperate with each other in the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 It is a connection relationship diagram of the PCL controller of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 It is a working state diagram of the overall device of the present invention.

[0031] The reference numerals in the drawings are shown as:

[0032] 1. Oil gun casing; 101. Limiting groove; 102. Limiting block; 103. First section casing; 104. Last section casing; 105. Positioning block; 106. Second threaded hole; 107. Second lead screw; 2. Scraper support; 201. Fixed cap; 202. Sliding sleeve; 203. First pull rod; 204. Second pull rod; 205. Pin shaft; 206. First threaded hole; 207. First lead screw; 3. Decoking scraper; 301. Slide rail groove; 302. Brush head; 4. Hollow motor; 5. First motor; 6. Second motor; 7. Sensor; 8. Vibration motor; 9. PLC controller; 10. Burner; 1001. Oil gun; 1002. Spray cavity body. Detailed Embodiment

[0033] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] Refer to Figures 1 to 5 , a device for on-line coke removal from the nozzle of a swirl burner, which includes an oil gun casing 1 with a hollow design. One end of the oil gun casing 1 is connected with at least one coke removal scraper 3 through a scraper support 2, and the other end is fixed on the hollow rotor of a hollow motor 4; the stator of the hollow motor 4 is fixedly connected with the burner 10 and is connected with a PLC controller 9 through a data transmission line;

[0035] The scraper support 2 includes a fixed cap 201 fixed at the end of the oil gun casing 1, a sliding sleeve 202 sleeved on the oil gun casing 1, and a connecting rod mechanism connecting the fixed cap 201 and the sliding sleeve 202; the sliding sleeve 202 is power-connected with a first motor 5 through a first lead screw 207. The first motor 5 is fixed on the outer wall of the oil gun casing 1 and is connected with the PLC controller 9 through a data transmission line; the PLC controller 9 controls the hollow motor 4 to drive the oil gun casing 1 to rotate according to the coking signal detected by the sensor 7, and at the same time controls the first motor 5 to adjust the contact pressure between the coke removal scraper 3 and the inner wall of the burner nozzle cavity 1002 through the connecting rod mechanism.

[0036] Furthermore, the connecting rod mechanism includes a first pull rod 203, a second pull rod 204 and a pin shaft 205; one end of the first pull rod 203 is hinged to the fixed cap 201, and the other end is hinged to the coke removal scraper 3; one end of the second pull rod 204 is hinged to the sliding sleeve 202, and the other end is slidably connected with the coke removal scraper 3 through a slide rail groove 301; the first pull rod 203 and the second pull rod 204 form a linkage fulcrum through the pin shaft 205.

[0037] Furthermore, the number of the first pull rod 203 and the second pull rod 204 corresponds one-to-one to the number of the coke removal scrapers 3.

[0038] Furthermore, the oil gun casing 1 is a multi-section telescopic structure, including at least two nested casings; a limit groove 101 and a limit block 102 are arranged between adjacent casings. The limit groove 101 is arranged on the inner wall of the outer casing, and the limit block 102 is arranged on the outer wall of the inner casing.

[0039] Further, after the oil gun sleeve 1 extends, the section with the fixed cap 201 at the end is the first section sleeve 103, and the section connected to the hollow motor 4 is the tail section sleeve 104. A positioning block 105 is fixed on the outer wall of the first section sleeve 103. A second threaded hole 106 is provided in the positioning block 105. The positioning block 105 is connected to the power output shaft of the second motor 6 through a second lead screw 107 provided in the second threaded hole 106. The second motor 6 is fixed on the outer wall of the tail section sleeve 104 and is connected to the PLC controller 9 through a data transmission line.

[0040] Further, a sensor 7 for detecting the coking condition of the burner nozzle is provided on the fixed cap 201. The data output end of the sensor 7 is connected to the PLC controller 9 through a data transmission line.

[0041] Further, the sensor 7 adopts at least one of an infrared thermal imaging sensor, a pressure sensor, or an optical camera.

[0042] Further, a vibration motor 8 is also provided on the fixed cap 201. The vibration motor 8 is connected to the PLC controller 9 through a data transmission line.

[0043] Further, a replaceable brush head 302 is provided on the working surface of the defocusing scraper 3. The material of the brush head 302 is high-temperature resistant ceramic fiber or silicon carbide composite material.

[0044] A defocusing method for an on-line defocusing device of a swirl burner nozzle is as follows:

[0045] S1. Sleeve the oil gun sleeve 1 outside the burner oil gun 1001 and fix the stator of the hollow motor 4.

[0046] S2. Real-time monitor the coking thickness on the inner wall of the nozzle cavity 1002 through the sensor 7. When the thickness exceeds the preset threshold, the PLC controller 9 starts the second motor 6 to push the oil gun sleeve 1 to extend to the target position.

[0047] S3. Control the first motor 5 to drive the sliding sleeve 202 to move, so that the defocusing scraper 3 unfolds through the link mechanism and presses against the inner wall of the nozzle cavity 1002.

[0048] S4. Synchronously start the hollow motor 4 and the vibration motor 8, and drive the defocusing scraper 3 to scrape on the inner wall of the nozzle cavity 1002 of the burner 10 through the oil gun sleeve 1 and the scraper support 2 for defocusing.

[0049] S5. During the defocusing process in step S5, the sensor 7 continuously collects the coking condition and transmits the collected data to the PLC controller 9.

[0050] S6. When the sensor 7 detects that the coking thickness is lower than the threshold, the control device sequentially stops vibrating, retracts the defocusing scraper 3, and contracts the oil gun sleeve 1.

[0051] Working principle of the present invention:

[0052] In the present invention, full-automatic decoking of the burner nozzle is achieved based on the collaborative control of dynamic detection and mechanical linkage. When the sensor 7 detects that the coking thickness on the inner wall of the nozzle cavity 1002 exceeds the standard, the PLC controller 9 first starts the second motor 6 to drive the second lead screw 107, pushing the multi-stage telescopic structure of the oil gun sleeve 1 to extend outward, so that the decoking scraper 3 reaches the coking area. Subsequently, the first motor 5 drives the sliding sleeve 202 to move axially through the first lead screw 207. By using the first pull rod 203 and the second pull rod 204 in the linkage mechanism and being linked through the pin shaft 205, the linear motion of the sliding sleeve is converted into the radial expansion of the decoking scraper 3, ensuring that the working surface of the scraper forms a controllable pressure contact with the inner wall of the nozzle cavity.

[0053] After the mechanical positioning is completed, the hollow motor 4 drives the oil gun sleeve 1 to rotate at a preset speed, driving the decoking scraper 3 to perform circumferential cutting on the coking layer. At the same time, the vibration motor 8 applies high-frequency vibration, which is transmitted to the scraper through the fixed cap 201, using the vibration impact to break the dense coke blocks and reduce the scraping resistance. The PLC controller 9 dynamically adjusts the rotation speed of the hollow motor, the torque of the first motor, and the vibration frequency according to the coking thickness, temperature, and scraper pressure data real-time feedback by the sensor 7, which can follow the algorithm T = k·δ·v, (T is the output torque of the first motor 5, δ is the real-time coking thickness, v is the rotation speed of the hollow motor 4, and k is the material friction coefficient correction factor), thereby achieving the precise matching of the scraping intensity and the coking condition. When the coking removal reaches the standard, the device executes the action sequence in reverse: stops vibrating, retracts the scraper, retracts the sleeve, and restores the normal combustion state of the oil gun. This process is through electromechanical closed-loop control, taking into account both the decoking efficiency and equipment protection.

[0054] The above are only embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the patent scope of the present invention accordingly. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made by using the specification and drawings of the present invention, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, shall be equally included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An on-line coke removal device for a swirl burner nozzle, comprising an oil gun casing (1) with a hollow design, characterized in that: One end of the oil gun sleeve (1) is connected with at least one coke removal scraper (3) through a scraper bracket (2), and the other end is fixed on the hollow rotor of a hollow motor (4); the stator of the hollow motor (4) is fixedly connected with a burner (10) and is connected with a PLC controller (9) through a data transmission line; the scraper bracket (2) includes a fixing cap (201) fixed at the end of the oil gun sleeve (1), a sliding sleeve (202) sleeved on the oil gun sleeve (1), and a connecting rod mechanism connecting the fixing cap (201) and the sliding sleeve (202); the sliding sleeve (202) is power-connected with a first motor (5) through a first lead screw (207), and the first motor (5) is fixed on the outer wall of the oil gun sleeve (1) and is connected with the PLC controller (9) through a data transmission line; the PLC controller (9) controls the hollow motor (4) to drive the oil gun sleeve (1) to rotate according to the coking signal detected by a sensor (7), and simultaneously controls the first motor (5) to adjust the contact pressure between the coke removal scraper (3) and the inner wall of the burner nozzle cavity (1002) through the connecting rod mechanism.

2. The on-line coke removal device for the swirl burner nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting rod mechanism includes a first pull rod (203), a second pull rod (204) and a pin shaft (205); one end of the first pull rod (203) is hinged to the fixing cap (201), and the other end is hinged to the coke removal scraper (3); one end of the second pull rod (204) is hinged to the sliding sleeve (202), and the other end is slidably connected with the coke removal scraper (3) through a slide rail groove (301); the first pull rod (203) and the second pull rod (204) form a linkage fulcrum through the pin shaft (205).

3. The on-line coke removal device for the swirl burner nozzle according to claim 2, characterized in that: The number of the first pull rod (203) and the second pull rod (204) corresponds to the number of the coke removal scrapers (3) one by one.

4. The on-line coke removal device for the swirl burner nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oil gun sleeve (1) is a multi-section telescopic structure, including at least two nested sleeves; a limit groove (101) and a limit block (102) are arranged between adjacent sleeves, the limit groove (101) is arranged on the inner wall of the outer sleeve, and the limit block (102) is arranged on the outer wall of the inner sleeve.

5. The on-line coke removal device for the swirl burner nozzle according to claim 4, characterized in that: After the oil gun sleeve (1) is extended, the section with the fixing cap (201) at the end is the first section sleeve (103), and the section connected with the hollow motor (4) is the tail section sleeve (104). A positioning block (105) is fixed on the outer wall of the first section sleeve (103), a second threaded hole (106) is opened on the positioning block (105), and the positioning block (105) is connected with the power output shaft of a second motor (6) through a second lead screw (107) arranged in the second threaded hole (106). The second motor (6) is fixed on the outer wall of the tail section sleeve (104) and is connected with the PLC controller (9) through a data transmission line.

6. The on-line coke removal device for the swirl burner nozzle according to claim 5, characterized in that: A sensor (7) for detecting the coking condition of the burner nozzle is arranged on the fixing cap (201), and the data output end of the sensor (7) is connected with the PLC controller (9) through a data transmission line.

7. An on-line coke removal device for a swirl burner nozzle according to claim 7, characterized in that: The sensor (7) adopts at least one of an infrared thermal imaging sensor, a pressure sensor or an optical camera.

8. The on-line coke removal device for the swirl burner nozzle according to claim 6, characterized in that: The fixed cap (201) is also provided with a vibration motor (8), and the vibration motor (8) is connected to the PLC controller (9) through a data transmission line.

9. The on-line coke removal device for the swirl burner nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The working surface of the descaling scraper (3) is provided with a replaceable brush head (302), and the material of the brush head (302) is high-temperature resistant ceramic fiber or silicon carbide composite material.

10. The descaling method of an online descaling device for a swirl burner nozzle according to any one of claims 1-9, the steps are as follows: S1. Sleeve the oil gun sleeve (1) outside the burner oil gun (1001), and fix the stator of the hollow motor (4); S2. Real-time monitor the coking thickness on the inner wall of the nozzle cavity (1002) through the sensor (7). When the thickness exceeds the preset threshold, the PLC controller (9) starts the second motor (6) to push the oil gun sleeve (1) to extend to the target position; S3. Control the first motor (5) to drive the sliding sleeve (202) to move, so that the descaling scraper (3) unfolds through the link mechanism and presses against the inner wall of the nozzle cavity (1002); S4. Synchronously start the hollow motor (4) and the vibration motor (8), and drive the descaling scraper (3) to scrape on the inner wall of the nozzle cavity (1002) of the burner (10) through the oil gun sleeve (1) and the scraper support (2) for descaling; S5. During the descaling process in step S5, the sensor (7) continuously collects the coking condition and transmits the collected data to the PLC controller (9); S6. When the sensor (7) detects that the coking thickness is lower than the threshold, the control device stops the vibration, retracts the descaling scraper (3) and contracts the oil gun sleeve (1) in sequence.

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