Ocean profile measuring device

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of ocean monitoring, and discloses an ocean profile measuring device which comprises a main body unit, a floating body and an observation unit, the main body unit comprises a shell and a telescopic element, and the telescopic element is slidably connected with the shell and can extend into an inner cavity of the shell. The observation unit is carried by the floating body unit to measure a hydrological profile; the main body unit comprises a shell and a telescopic element, the telescopic element slides relative to the shell to change the volume of the main body unit, so that the water discharge amount of the main body unit is changed, buoyancy borne by the main body unit is adjusted, diving and floating of the device are achieved, meanwhile, the floating body can improve the buoyancy of the main body unit, and the working reliability of the device is guaranteed. The ocean profile measuring device is simple and compact in structure, can autonomously sink and float in water to measure hydrological information, is convenient to deploy and recycle, saves observation cost, and can set a working period according to specific observation requirements, so that the measurement density of a hydrological profile is changed, and the flexible adaptability of the device is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of marine monitoring equipment and its peripheral supporting facilities, and particularly relates to a marine profile measurement device. Background Art

[0002] In the determination of seawater hydrological information, there are various available sensors and devices, including conventional depth thermometers, self - contained bathythermograph (such as STD, CTD), expendable bathythermograph (XBT), and expendable conductivity - temperature - depth profiler (XCTD), etc. However, there are not many devices that can autonomously reciprocally measure the marine profile. Among them, the Argo float is an important instrument for long - time, large - depth, and multi - profile measurement of the subsurface temperature and salinity of the ocean.

[0003] The Argo float is also known as the Profiling Autonomous Lagrangian Circulation Explorer (PALACE), or the self - contained profiling autonomous circulation explorer, and some people also call it the neutral - buoyancy profiling float.

[0004] The Argo float dives to a depth of 2000 meters and floats to the sea surface every 10 days. During this process, it measures elements such as seawater temperature and conductivity. This float relies on a hydraulic system to squeeze the oil bladder to change the volume of the float and achieve its autonomous sinking and floating. This measuring instrument has a complex structure, a large volume, and a high cost. It is suitable for long - time and low - density profile measurement and cannot meet the continuous and effective measurement requirements for short - time, high - density small - area seawater hydrological information changes. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a marine profile measurement device to solve the problems existing in the above - mentioned related technologies, simplify the structure of the marine profile measurement device, enable the device to meet the measurement requirements for short - time, high - density small - area seawater hydrological information changes, save the use cost of the device, and improve the flexible adaptability of the device.

[0006] To achieve the above - mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following solutions: The present invention provides a marine profile measurement device, including: A main body unit, the main body unit includes a housing and a telescopic element, the telescopic element is slidably connected to the housing and can extend into the inner cavity of the housing; during the diving and floating process of the housing, the relative sliding of the telescopic element with respect to the housing can change the volume of the main body unit to adjust the buoyancy received by the main body unit and achieve the diving and floating of the main body unit; A floating body, the floating body is connected to the housing, and the floating body can provide buoyancy for the main body unit during the diving and floating process of the main body unit; An observation unit, the observation unit is connected to the housing and can measure the hydrological profile.

[0007] Preferably, a driver is arranged in the inner cavity of the housing, and an output end of the driver is transmission-connected to the telescopic element; The output end of the driver is connected to the transmission screw by a coupling, the telescopic element is connected with a screw nut, the transmission screw is threadedly connected to the screw nut, and the axis of the transmission screw is parallel to the vertical direction.

[0008] Preferably, the telescopic element is a hollow structure.

[0009] Preferably, the float is located at the upper part of the shell, and the telescopic element is slidably connected to the bottom of the shell; The floating body, the shell and the telescopic element are all coaxially arranged.

[0010] Preferably, the shell is a split structure, comprising a cylinder and an upper end cover and a lower end cover arranged at both ends of the cylinder, the upper end cover and the lower end cover are both detachably connected to the cylinder, and sealing elements are arranged between the upper end cover and the lower end cover and the cylinder; the telescopic element can slide through the lower end cover and extend into the cylinder, a sealing ring is arranged between the telescopic element and the lower end cover, and the floating body is sleeved on the outside of the cylinder; The sealing elements and the sealing rings are both provided in multiple groups, and the sealing elements and the sealing rings are arranged along the axial direction of the cylinder.

[0011] Preferably, the observation unit includes a camera, a wave sensor, a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor and a conductivity sensor, the camera is arranged on the top of the shell, the wave sensor is arranged inside the shell, and the pressure sensor, the temperature sensor and the conductivity sensor are all arranged on the shell to obtain observation data.

[0012] Preferably, the observation unit also includes a battery pack, a controller, a magnetic switch and an antenna, the battery pack and the controller are arranged in the inner cavity of the shell, the magnetic switch and the antenna are both arranged on the shell, the magnetic switch can trigger the controller, and the controller can communicate with an external device using the antenna, and the battery pack, the camera, the wave sensor, the pressure sensor, the temperature sensor, the conductivity sensor and the magnetic switch are all communicatively connected to the controller.

[0013] Preferably, the battery pack is a cylindrical structure, and the outer wall of the battery pack abuts against the inner wall of the shell.

[0014] Preferably, the main body unit further includes movable vanes, which are hinged to the housing. The hinge axis of the movable vanes and the housing is perpendicular to the axis of the housing. The number of the movable vanes is multiple groups, and the movable vanes are circumferentially distributed around the axis of the housing. During the diving and surfacing process of the main body unit, the movable vanes can abut against the housing. When the main body unit floats on the water surface, under the action of waves, the movable vanes can flip relative to the housing to improve the anti-overturning ability of the main body unit.

[0015] Preferably, the movable vanes are arc-shaped vanes that match the outer peripheral surface of the housing.

[0016] The marine profile measurement device of the present invention has achieved the following technical effects compared with the related technology: The marine profile measurement device of the present invention includes a main body unit, a floating body, and an observation unit. Among them, the main body unit includes a housing and a telescopic element. The telescopic element is slidably connected to the housing and can extend into the inner cavity of the housing. The relative sliding of the telescopic element with respect to the housing can change the volume of the main body unit to adjust the buoyancy received by the main body unit, so as to realize the diving and surfacing of the main body unit. The floating body is connected to the housing and can provide buoyancy for the main body unit during the diving and surfacing process of the main body unit. The observation unit is connected to the housing and can measure the hydrological profile.

[0017] The marine profile measurement device of the present invention uses a floating body unit to carry an observation unit to measure the hydrological profile. The main body unit includes a housing and a telescopic element. The relative sliding of the telescopic element with respect to the housing can change the volume of the main body unit, thereby changing the displacement of the main body unit, adjusting the buoyancy received by the main body unit, and realizing the diving and surfacing of the device. At the same time, the floating body can increase the buoyancy of the main body unit, further ensuring the working reliability of the device. Specifically, when the telescopic element slides in the direction away from the housing, the telescopic element extends out of the housing to increase the displacement of the main body unit. When the buoyancy received by the device is greater than the gravity, the device rises to the water surface, and the more the part of the telescopic element extending out of the housing, the greater the displacement and the greater the rising speed of the device. When the telescopic element slides to make the gravity of the device equal to the buoyancy received, the device hovers in the water. When the telescopic element slides towards the inside of the housing and gradually "retracts" into the housing, the displacement of the main body unit decreases. When the buoyancy received by the device is less than the gravity, the device dives in the water. The marine profile measurement device of the present invention has a simple and compact structure, can autonomously sink and float in the water to measure hydrological information, is convenient for deployment and recovery, saves the observation cost, can set the working cycle according to specific observation requirements, thus changing the measurement density of the hydrological profile, and at the same time carries an observation unit to adapt to different working occasions and working environments with different requirements, greatly improving the flexible adaptability of the device. Description of the Drawings

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the related art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the ocean profile measurement device disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the ocean profile measurement device disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic working diagram of the ocean profile measurement device disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the data transmission principle of the ocean profile measurement device disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0020] In the figure: 100, ocean profile measurement device; 1, housing; 101, cylinder; 102, upper end cover; 103, lower end cover; 2, telescopic element; 3, floating body; 4, driver; 5, coupling; 6, transmission lead screw; 7, lead screw nut; 8, sealing element; 9, sealing ring; 10, camera; 11, wave sensor; 12, pressure sensor; 13, temperature sensor; 14, conductivity sensor; 15, battery pack; 16, controller; 17, magnetic switch; 18, antenna; 19, movable blade. Specific embodiments

[0021] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an ocean profile measurement device to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned related technologies, simplify the structure of the ocean profile measurement device, enable the device to meet the measurement requirements of the changes in seawater hydrological information in a short time, high density and small area, and at the same time save the use cost of the device and improve the flexible adaptability of the device.

[0023] To make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0024] Embodiment 1 This embodiment provides an ocean profile measurement device 100, please refer to Figures 1 - 4 , including a main unit, a floating body 3 and an observation unit, wherein the main unit includes a shell 1 and a telescopic element 2, the telescopic element 2 is slidably connected to the shell 1 and can extend into the inner cavity of the shell 1; the telescopic element 2 slides relative to the shell 1 to change the volume of the main unit, so as to adjust the buoyancy of the main unit and realize the diving and floating of the main unit; the floating body 3 is connected to the shell 1, and the floating body 3 can provide buoyancy for the main unit during the diving and floating process; the observation unit is connected to the shell 1 and can measure the hydrological profile.

[0025] The ocean profile measurement device 100 of the present invention uses a floating body 3 unit to carry an observation unit to measure a hydrological profile; the main unit includes a shell 1 and a telescopic element 2. The telescopic element 2 slides relative to the shell 1 to change the volume of the main unit, thereby changing the displacement of the main unit, adjusting the buoyancy of the main unit, and realizing the diving and floating of the device. At the same time, the float 3 can increase the buoyancy of the main unit, further ensuring the working reliability of the device. Specifically, when the telescopic element 2 slides in a direction away from the shell 1, the telescopic element 2 extends from the shell 1 to increase the displacement of the main unit. When the buoyancy of the device is greater than the gravity, the device rises to the water surface, and the more the telescopic element 2 extends from the shell 1, the greater the displacement and the greater the rising speed of the device; when the telescopic element 2 slides until the gravity of the device is equal to the buoyancy it is subjected to, the device suspends in the water; when the telescopic element 2 slides toward the inside of the shell 1 and gradually "retracts" into the shell 1, the displacement of the main unit decreases. When the buoyancy of the device is less than the gravity, the device dives in the water. For details, see Figure 3 The ocean profile measurement device 100 of the present invention has a simple and compact structure, can independently sink and float in the water to measure hydrological information, is easy to deploy and recover, saves observation costs, and can set a working cycle according to specific observation needs, thereby changing the measurement density of the hydrological profile. At the same time, it is equipped with an observation unit to adapt to work occasions and working environments with different needs, greatly improving the flexibility and adaptability of the device.

[0026] Among them, a driver 4 is arranged in the inner cavity of the shell 1, and the output end of the driver 4 is transmission-connected to the telescopic element 2. The driver 4 is used to drive the telescopic element 2 to slide back and forth, thereby ensuring the movement accuracy of the telescopic element 2 and improving the controllability of the main unit.

[0027] In this specific embodiment, the output end of the driver 4 is connected to the transmission lead screw 6 by means of a coupling 5 to ensure the smooth transmission of torque. The telescopic element 2 is connected with a lead screw nut 7, and the transmission lead screw 6 is in threaded connection with the lead screw nut 7. The axis of the transmission lead screw 6 is parallel to the vertical direction. The driver 4 drives the telescopic element 2 to reciprocate by means of the transmission lead screw 6 and the lead screw nut 7, with high transmission efficiency, high motion precision and stable motion, improving the motion stability of the telescopic element 2 and thus ensuring the working reliability of the main unit.

[0028] When the marine profile measuring device 100 of the present invention is working, the driver 4 rotates to drive the transmission lead screw 6 to rotate and pushes the lead screw nut 7 to move upward or downward. The lead screw nut 7 is connected to the telescopic element 2 by bolts, so the telescopic element 2 passes through the bottom of the housing 1 and slides along with the lead screw nut 7 to realize the "telescopic" action. When the telescopic element 2 extends, the displacement volume increases. At this time, the buoyancy of the device is greater than the gravity, and the device rises to the water surface. Moreover, the longer the extended part is, the greater the displacement volume is and the faster the rising speed is. When the telescopic element 2 is in the middle position, the buoyancy is equal to the gravity and the device hovers. When the telescopic element 2 retracts into the housing 1, the displacement volume of the device decreases, the buoyancy is less than the gravity, and the device descends in the water. By changing the volume of the device, the buoyancy adjustment is realized. In other realizable specific embodiments of the present invention, the driver 4 can also adopt a transmission mechanism with other structures to drive the telescopic element 2 to reciprocate to meet different working conditions and improve the flexible adaptability of the main unit.

[0029] It should also be noted that the telescopic element 2 is of a hollow structure. While using the telescopic element 2 to adjust the volume of the main unit and the displacement volume of the device, the mass of the device is reduced as much as possible, which is beneficial to reducing the overall volume of the device, improving the convenience of deployment and recovery of the device, and ensuring the adaptability of the device to different observation working conditions.

[0030] In this specific embodiment, the floating body 3 is located at the upper part of the housing 1, and the telescopic element 2 is slidably connected to the bottom of the housing 1; the floating body 3 and the telescopic element 2 are located on both sides of the housing 1, improving the force uniformity of the device and being beneficial to enhancing the overall motion stability of the device. Moreover, the floating body 3, the housing 1 and the telescopic element 2 are all coaxially arranged, further improving the force uniformity, structure and motion stability of the device. In this specific embodiment, the floating body 3 is of a spherical structure, which is beneficial to increasing the wave following performance of the device and making the wave data measured by the wave sensor 11 more accurate.

[0031] For the convenience of disassembly, maintenance and installation, the housing 1 is of a split structure. The housing 1 includes a cylinder body 101, an upper end cover 102 and a lower end cover 103 arranged at both ends of the cylinder body 101. Both the upper end cover 102 and the lower end cover 103 are detachably connected to the cylinder body 101, which improves the convenience of disassembly and installation operations of the device. Moreover, sealing elements 8 are arranged between both the upper end cover 102 and the lower end cover 103 and the cylinder body 101 to ensure the sealing performance of the housing 1. The telescopic element 2 slidably passes through the lower end cover 103 and extends into the cylinder body 101. A sealing ring 9 is arranged between the telescopic element 2 and the lower end cover 103 to seal the leakage at the sliding connection between the telescopic element 2 and the lower end cover 103, which may affect the normal operation of the device. The floating body 3 is sleeved outside the cylinder body 101 to ensure the uniform force on the housing 1, which is beneficial to ensuring the structural stability of the device during the diving and floating processes.

[0032] In this specific embodiment, the number of both the sealing elements 8 and the sealing rings 9 is multiple groups. Both the sealing elements 8 and the sealing rings 9 are arranged along the axial direction of the cylinder body 101, further enhancing the sealing performance of the device, avoiding leakage, and ensuring the structural stability and working reliability of the device.

[0033] More specifically, the observation unit includes a camera 10, a wave sensor 11, a pressure sensor 12, a temperature sensor 13 and a conductivity sensor 14. The camera 10 is arranged at the top of the housing 1. The camera 10 can collect video image information of the surrounding environment. The wave sensor 11 is arranged inside the housing 1. The wave sensor 11 is used to obtain various parameters of waves in real time, providing data support for fields such as ocean engineering, navigation safety, environmental monitoring, and meteorological research. The pressure sensor 12, the temperature sensor 13 and the conductivity sensor 14 are all arranged on the housing 1 and located on the outer peripheral surface of the housing 1. The pressure sensor 12 can measure the change in water pressure to calculate the depth. The temperature sensor 13 can measure the seawater temperature. Combining with the monitoring data of other sensors, it helps to study various phenomena in the ocean. For example, by measuring the temperature and salinity changes at different depths, the movement law of deep-sea currents can be estimated. The conductivity sensor 14 measures the conductivity of the water body. According to the measured conductivity, the salinity of the water body can be calculated, and then key parameters such as density and sound speed can be derived, enabling the observation unit to comprehensively and effectively obtain hydrological profile data.

[0034] In other specific embodiments that can be implemented by the present invention, the specific structural composition of the observation unit can also be adjusted according to actual observation requirements, and other types of sensors or observation instruments can be selected to meet various observation conditions. It should also be noted here that in practical applications, a mounting plate can be provided inside the cylinder 101 to provide a stable mounting foundation for various sensors and observation instruments, ensuring the normal operation of the observation unit; various sensors and observation instruments are detachably connected to the mounting plate, facilitating disassembly, maintenance, and replacement of other types of sensors, while ensuring the observation effect and improving the flexible adaptability of the observation unit.

[0035] In addition, the observation unit further includes a battery pack 15, a controller 16, a magnetic switch 17, and an antenna 18. The battery pack 15 and the controller 16 are arranged in the inner cavity of the housing 1, the magnetic switch 17 and the antenna 18 are both arranged on the housing 1, the magnetic switch 17 can trigger the controller 16, the controller 16 can communicate with an external device through the antenna 18, and the battery pack 15, the camera 10, the wave sensor 11, the pressure sensor 12, the temperature sensor 13, the conductivity sensor 14, and the magnetic switch 17 are all communicatively connected to the controller 16. In this specific embodiment, the driver 4 is a motor, and the battery pack 15 also powers the driver 4. During operation, the magnetic switch 17 can be used to trigger the controller 16, and the controller 16 controls the battery pack 15 to supply power to each component, controls the device to dive and surface, and reciprocally measure the hydrological profile. The controller 16 can also transmit the collected data to an external device, and the external device can be a shore-based system. It should be explained here that the specific structure and working principle of the controller 16 are both common means for those skilled in the art and will not be elaborated here.

[0036] During the actual observation process, the ocean profile measurement device 100 of the present invention dives to measure a hydrological profile and measures the second hydrological profile during the surfacing process. When the device surfaces to the water surface and the measurement is completed, the controller 16 transmits the measured data information through satellite communication via the antenna 18. At the shore-based system, the data is received through the antenna, directly connected to a receiving box to temporarily store the data, and provided for direct connection and reading by a computer. It should be explained here that the processes of data transmission, storage, and reading here are all common means for those skilled in the art and will not be elaborated here.

[0037] In this specific embodiment, the battery pack 15 is in a cylindrical structure, the outer wall of the battery pack 15 abuts against the inner wall of the housing 1, and the battery pack 15 is sleeved outside the driver 4. The battery pack 15 adopts a cylindrical structure and is sleeved outside the driver 4, which improves the force uniformity and structural stability of the housing 1, and is beneficial to ensuring the movement stability of the device during the diving and surfacing processes of the device.

[0038] Furthermore, the main body unit further includes movable vanes 19, which are hinged to the housing 1, and the hinge axis of the movable vanes 19 and the housing 1 is perpendicular to the axis of the housing 1; the number of the movable vanes 19 is multiple groups, and the movable vanes 19 are circumferentially distributed around the axis of the housing 1 to ensure the force uniformity and motion stability of the device.

[0039] During the diving and surfacing process of the main body unit, the movable vanes 19 can abut against the housing 1, and the movable vanes 19 are in the "closed" state at this time; when the main body unit floats on the water surface, under the action of waves, when the waves are large, the movable vanes 19 can flip relative to the housing 1, and the movable vanes 19 are "deployed" at this time to improve the anti-overturning ability of the main body unit. It should be explained here that when the wave force acting on the device when the main body unit floats on the water surface reaches the value at which the movable vanes 19 can flip, the movable vanes 19 are deployed. In practical applications, the movable vanes 19 can be hinged to the housing 1 by torque hinges. When the acting torque of the force acting on the movable vanes 19 by the waves on the torque hinges reaches a certain value, the torque hinges rotate and the movable vanes 19 flip and deploy, playing a role in stabilizing the device and further improving the working reliability of the device.

[0040] In the specific implementation manner that can be realized by the present invention, the movable vanes 19 are arc-shaped vanes matching the outer peripheral surface of the housing 1, and can better contact the outer wall of the housing 1 when the movable vanes 19 are in the closed state, reducing the resistance during the diving and surfacing process of the device. In this specific implementation manner, the number of the movable vanes 19 is four, and the four movable vanes 19 enclose a cylindrical structure when closed; in practical applications, the number and distribution of the movable vanes 19 can also be adjusted according to the actual working conditions.

[0041] The marine profile measurement device 100 of the present invention changes the volume of the main body unit by driving the telescopic element 2 with the driver 4 to play a role in buoyancy adjustment. Compared with the existing Argo buoy that uses a hydraulic pump station to drive the oil bladder to fill and drain oil, the marine profile measurement device 100 of the present invention has a simpler and more compact structure; the present invention also improves the stability by adding movable vanes 19 and improves the wave-following performance by adding spherical floats 3, making the device more stable when measuring waves and transmitting data; in addition, the marine profile measurement device 100 of the present invention is different from the Argo buoy in large-depth and long-time measurement, and can be applied to short-term sub-surface multi-profile high-density measurement, and can grasp the real-time changes of the sea conditions in the measurement sea area more accurately; and compared with the Argo buoy, the cost is greatly reduced, and it is more suitable for a large number of deployments in the measurement sea area for accurate measurement.

[0042] Embodiment 2 This embodiment provides an ocean profile measurement device 100. In this specific embodiment, limit shims are provided at both axial ends of the telescopic element 2 to limit the extreme positions of the telescopic element 2 sliding relative to the housing 1, avoid the telescopic element 2 from slipping out of position, and further improve the working reliability of the device.

[0043] The other structures of the ocean profile measurement device 100 in this embodiment are the same as those in Embodiment 1, and will not be elaborated here.

[0044] In the present invention, specific examples are used to illustrate the principle and implementation manner of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and its core idea of the present invention; at the same time, for those of ordinary skill in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation manner and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

Claims

1. An ocean profile measurement device, characterized in that, Comprising: A main body unit, the main body unit including a housing and a telescopic element, the telescopic element being slidably connected to the housing and capable of extending into the inner cavity of the housing; The sliding of the telescopic element relative to the housing can change the volume of the main body unit to adjust the buoyancy received by the main body unit, so as to realize the diving and floating of the main body unit; A floating body, the floating body being connected to the housing, and the floating body being capable of providing buoyancy for the main body unit during the diving and floating process of the main body unit; An observation unit, the observation unit being connected to the housing and capable of measuring the hydrological profile.

2. The marine profile measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A driver is arranged in the inner cavity of the housing, and the output end of the driver is in transmission connection with the telescopic element; The output end of the driver is connected to a transmission lead screw by a coupling, the telescopic element is connected with a lead screw nut, the transmission lead screw is in threaded connection with the lead screw nut, and the axis of the transmission lead screw is parallel to the vertical direction.

3. The marine profile measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The telescopic element is of a hollow structure.

4. The marine profile measurement device according to claim 1, wherein: The floating body is located at the upper part of the housing, and the telescopic element is slidably connected to the bottom of the housing; The floating body, the housing and the telescopic element are all coaxially arranged.

5. The marine profile measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The housing is of a split structure, the housing including a cylinder body and upper end covers and lower end covers arranged at both ends of the cylinder body, the upper end cover and the lower end cover are both detachably connected to the cylinder body, and sealing elements are arranged between the upper end cover and the lower end cover and the cylinder body; the telescopic element slidably passes through the lower end cover and extends into the cylinder body, a sealing ring is arranged between the telescopic element and the lower end cover, and the floating body is sleeved outside the cylinder body; The number of the sealing elements and the sealing rings is multiple groups, and the sealing elements and the sealing rings are both arranged along the axial direction of the cylinder body.

6. The marine profile measuring device according to claim 1, wherein: The observation unit includes a camera, a wave sensor, a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor and a conductivity sensor, the camera is arranged at the top of the housing, the wave sensor is arranged inside the housing, and the pressure sensor, the temperature sensor and the conductivity sensor are all arranged on the housing to obtain observation data.

7. The marine profile measurement device according to claim 6, wherein: The observation unit further includes a battery pack, a controller, a magnetic switch and an antenna, the battery pack and the controller are arranged in the inner cavity of the housing, the magnetic switch and the antenna are both arranged on the housing, the magnetic switch can trigger the controller, the controller can communicate with an external device by using the antenna, and the battery pack, the camera, the wave sensor, the pressure sensor, the temperature sensor, the conductivity sensor and the magnetic switch are all in communication connection with the controller.

8. The marine profile measurement device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The battery pack is of a cylindrical structure, and the outer wall of the battery pack abuts against the inner wall of the housing.

9. The marine profile measuring device according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that: The main body unit further includes movable blades, the movable blades are hinged to the housing, and the hinge axis of the movable blades and the housing is perpendicular to the axis of the housing; the number of the movable blades is multiple groups, and the movable blades are circumferentially arranged around the axis of the housing; During the diving and surfacing process of the main body unit, the movable blade can abut against the housing. When the main body unit floats on the water surface, under the action of waves, the movable blade can flip relative to the housing to enhance the anti-overturning ability of the main body unit.

10. The marine profile measurement device according to claim 9, wherein: The movable blade is an arc-shaped blade that matches the outer peripheral surface of the housing.

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