Mine water geological storage flow measurement device and method for multi-well mode

Abstract

The present application discloses a device and method for measuring the flow rate of geological storage of mine water in a multi-well mode, which relates to the field of mineral engineering technology. The composite sensor module in the device is used to collect the flow rate, pressure, temperature, fluid density and wellbore inclination data at the wellhead of each storage well in real time; the well type adaptation installation module is used to dynamically adjust the sensor layout rules according to the well type; the single well flow correction unit in the data processing module is used to dynamically correct the flow data based on the well type correction coefficient matrix; the multi-well flow fusion unit is used to calculate the flow weight at the wellhead of each storage well using the entropy weight method, and calculate the total flow rate in combination with the well group topology structure; the dynamic mode compensation unit is used to compensate for the dynamic flow error under multi-mode water injection based on the pressure-flow coupling coefficient and the pulse response function. The present application can perform high-precision and dynamic monitoring of various well type combinations and the total water injection flow under multi-mode.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of mineral engineering technology, and in particular to a device and method for measuring the flow rate of mine water geological storage in a multi-well mode. Background Art

[0002] Currently, existing flowmeters for deep geological storage of mine water are designed only to measure flow from a single vertical well, limiting their application in collaborative measurement across multiple well groups. Traditional single-well flowmeters lack the flexibility to adapt to complex pipe networks comprised of diverse well types (e.g., vertical and horizontal wells). Consequently, total flow calculation must rely on manual accumulation, a method that is both inefficient and prone to significant errors. In a multi-well environment, flow superposition calculations also suffer from accuracy issues. Furthermore, varying injection modes (continuous, intermittent, and stratified) can significantly alter the dynamic characteristics of the fluid, making effective dynamic calibration of existing measurement devices difficult, resulting in poor adaptability when switching between modes. Mine water often contains impurities, gases, and pressure fluctuations, which can easily interfere with the operation of traditional sensors, leading to data distortion. Finally, current flow data collection is performed independently, lacking the capabilities for collaborative analysis and global optimization, which limits the optimization and management of overall system performance. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this application is to provide a mine water geological storage flow measurement device and method for a multi-well mode, which can perform high-precision dynamic monitoring of the total water injection flow in a variety of well type combinations and multiple modes.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following solutions:

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a mine water geological storage flow measurement device for a multi-well mode, comprising: a composite sensor module, a well type adaptation installation module and a data processing module.

[0006] The composite sensor module includes an electromagnetic flowmeter, a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor and an inclination sensor, which is used to collect flow, pressure, temperature, fluid density and wellbore inclination data at the wellhead of each sealed well in real time; the sealed wells include vertical wells, horizontal wells and inclined wells.

[0007] The well type adaptation installation module is used to dynamically adjust the sensor layout rules according to the well type:

[0008] The data processing module includes a single-well flow correction unit, a multi-well flow fusion unit and a dynamic mode compensation unit.

[0009] The single well flow correction unit is used to dynamically correct the flow data based on the well type correction coefficient matrix.

[0010] The multi-well flow fusion unit is used to calculate the flow weight at the wellhead of each sealed well using the entropy weight method, and calculate the total flow rate based on the well group topology.

[0011] The dynamic mode compensation unit is used to compensate for the flow dynamic error under multi-mode water injection based on the pressure-flow coupling coefficient and the impulse response function.

[0012] Optionally, the composite sensor module further includes an ultrasonic sensor; the ultrasonic sensor and the electromagnetic flowmeter constitute a redundant verification system for performing redundancy verification on the flow, pressure, temperature, fluid density and wellbore inclination data collected at the wellhead of each sealed well.

[0013] Optionally, the sensor layout rule is: in vertical wells and inclined wells, the composite sensor module is installed in the middle of the screen pipe section, with a distance from the wellhead ≥ 5 times the pipe diameter; in horizontal wells, the composite sensor module is installed in the middle of the horizontal screen pipe section at a set inclination angle.

[0014] Optionally, the inclination sensor is connected to the well wall via an optical fiber to measure the wellbore inclination data.

[0015] Optionally, the data processing module further includes a machine learning model unit; the machine learning model unit is used to train flow dynamic correction parameters for different well types and well inclinations in the well type correction coefficient matrix based on historical data.

[0016] Optionally, the inclined installation angle of the composite sensor module is dynamically adjusted according to the fluid density.

[0017] Optionally, the formula expression of the single well flow correction unit is:

[0018] Q (i,校正) =K i ∙Q (i,测量) .

[0019] in, , K i Q is the flow rate dynamic correction parameter based on different storage well types and well inclinations. （i,测量） is the flow data measured by the flow sensor of the i-th well, θ is the inclination angle, D is the actual pipe diameter, and D0 is the standard pipe diameter.

[0020] Optionally, the flow weight formula in the multi-well flow fusion unit is:

[0021] .

[0022] Where: , , p ijis the flow rate ratio of the i-th well at the j-th time point, M is the number of sampling time points, E is the entropy, and the weight of each well flow rate w i By its entropy value E i Determine, N is the total number of wells in the multi-well interactive well group, Q ij is the flow rate of the i-th well at the j-th time point.

[0023] The formula for the total flow in the multi-well flow fusion unit is:

[0024] .

[0025] Among them, A il For the i-th well and the l The connectivity coefficient of the well, w i is the contribution weight of the flow of the i-th well to the total flow.

[0026] Optionally, the dynamic mode compensation unit is expressed as follows:

[0027] .

[0028] Where α is the pressure, temperature-flow coupling coefficient, T is the total time from the start of flow measurement to the end of calculation-time, is the impulse response function under multi-mode water injection, is the pressure fluctuation at the wellhead at time τ, ΔP(τ)=P(τ)−P0, P0 is the initial pressure, and P(τ) is the pressure at time τ.

[0029] In a second aspect, the present application provides a measurement method based on the aforementioned mine water geological storage flow measurement device for a multi-well mode, comprising:

[0030] The composite sensor module collects the flow rate, pressure, temperature, fluid density and wellbore inclination data at the wellhead of each sealed well in real time.

[0031] Through the well-type adaptation installation module, the sensor layout rules are dynamically adjusted according to the well type, and the sensors are installed at the preset positions.

[0032] Based on the data collected by the composite sensor module, the data processing module performs dynamic correction of flow data based on the well type correction coefficient matrix, calculates the flow weight at the wellhead of each sealed well using the entropy weight method, calculates the total flow rate based on the well group topology structure, and compensates for the dynamic flow error under multi-mode water injection based on the pressure-flow coupling coefficient and pulse response function, and outputs the total flow data of mine water.

[0033] According to the specific embodiments provided in this application, this application discloses the following technical effects:

[0034] This application provides a device and method for measuring flow rate of geologically stored mine water in a multi-well model. The device integrates an electromagnetic flowmeter, a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, and an inclination sensor, enabling real-time data collection of flow, pressure, temperature, fluid density, and wellbore inclination at the wellhead of each stored well. The well type adaptation and installation module dynamically adjusts sensor placement based on the well type (vertical, horizontal, or inclined), ensuring accurate and stable data acquisition regardless of well type differences. The data processing module includes a single-well flow correction unit, a multi-well flow fusion unit, and a dynamic mode compensation unit. The single-well flow correction unit dynamically corrects flow data using a well type correction coefficient matrix to eliminate the impact of well type differences on flow measurement. The multi-well flow fusion unit uses an entropy weighting method to calculate the flow weight at the wellhead of each stored well and, based on the well cluster topology, calculates the total flow rate, achieving high-precision fusion of multi-well flows. The dynamic mode compensation unit compensates for dynamic flow errors under multi-mode water injection based on the pressure-flow coupling coefficient and impulse response function, ensuring accurate measurement results. The present application can be widely used in mine water flow measurement in multiple well types and groups and multiple modes, thereby improving measurement accuracy and efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0036] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the functional modules of a mine water geological storage flow measurement device for a multi-well mode provided in one embodiment of the present application.

[0037] Figure 2 A flow chart of a method for measuring the flow rate of mine water geological storage in a multi-well mode provided in one embodiment of the present application.

[0038] Figure 3 A structural schematic diagram of a well-type adapter installation provided in one embodiment of the present application.

[0039] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a well group provided in one embodiment of the present application.

[0040] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of a pressure sensor, temperature sensor, and electromagnetic flowmeter provided in one embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of this application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0042] Currently, deep geological storage flow technology for mine water has several flaws. First, the superposition error problem of single-well flowmeters is significant. The traditional method simply adds the flow rates of N wells without considering the hydraulic loss error caused by interference between wells. Second, the measurement results of inclined or horizontal wells are distorted. Conventional flowmeters fail to incorporate inclination correction factors when the fluid does not completely fill the pipeline or when a transition from laminar flow to turbulent flow occurs. Finally, the problem of pulse interference during intermittent water injection has not been properly resolved. Traditional methods cannot effectively identify sudden changes in short-term flow, which leads to an increase in cumulative flow errors.

[0043] The purpose of this application is to provide a mine water geological storage flow measurement device and method for a multi-well mode, which can perform high-precision dynamic monitoring of a variety of well type combinations and the total water injection flow in multiple modes.

[0044] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the present application is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0045] Example 1

[0046] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a mine water geological storage flow measurement device for a multi-well mode, including: a composite sensor module, a well type adaptation installation module and a data processing module.

[0047] The composite sensor module includes an electromagnetic flowmeter, a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor and an inclination sensor, which is used to collect flow, pressure, temperature, fluid density and wellbore inclination data at the wellhead of each sealed well in real time; the sealed wells include vertical wells, horizontal wells and inclined wells.

[0048] The well type adaptation installation module is used to dynamically adjust the sensor layout rules according to the well type:

[0049] The data processing module includes a single-well flow correction unit, a multi-well flow fusion unit and a dynamic mode compensation unit.

[0050] The single well flow correction unit is used to dynamically correct the flow data based on the well type correction coefficient matrix.

[0051] The multi-well flow fusion unit is used to calculate the flow weight at the wellhead of each sealed well using the entropy weight method, and calculate the total flow rate based on the well group topology.

[0052] The dynamic mode compensation unit is used to compensate for the flow dynamic error under multi-mode water injection based on the pressure-flow coupling coefficient and the impulse response function.

[0053] Specifically, such as Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, a composite sensor unit is installed at the wellhead of each sealed well. This unit integrates an electromagnetic flowmeter (as the primary sensor), an ultrasonic sensor (for redundancy verification), a pressure sensor, and a temperature sensor, enabling real-time monitoring of flow rate, pressure, temperature, and fluid density. Pressure, temperature, and fluid density data serve as calibration parameters to adjust and optimize the data directly measured by the sensors.

[0054] The ultrasonic sensor and the electromagnetic flowmeter constitute a redundant verification system for performing redundancy verification on the flow rate, pressure, temperature, fluid density and wellbore inclination data collected at the wellheads of each sealed well.

[0055] In some embodiments, for special well types such as horizontal wells and inclined wells, a "tilt sensor" (well type correction) is configured to dynamically correct the flow measurement value through the tilt sensor.

[0056] After the well is completed and before the mine water is officially sealed, an inclination sensor connected to an optical fiber is placed along the well wall to obtain wellbore inclination data. Dynamic correction of flow measurements uses inclination to correct measured flow values ​​during single-well flow calibration.

[0057] Normal installation in vertical wells, installation position is vertical well and inclined well: the sensor is installed in the middle of the screen section.

[0058] In some embodiments, the sensor placement rules for the well-adaptive installation module are as follows: In vertical and inclined wells, the composite sensor module is installed in the middle of the screen section, at a distance of ≥5 pipe diameters from the wellhead. In horizontal wells, the composite sensor module is installed in the middle of the horizontal screen section at a set inclination angle. Specifically, the inclination angle of the composite sensor module is dynamically adjusted based on fluid density within a range of 25°-35°. The sensor is preferably installed in the middle of the horizontal screen section at a 30° inclination to prevent bubble accumulation.

[0059] In some embodiments, the data processing module may be specifically as follows:

[0060] 1) Single well flow correction unit:

[0061] For different well types, the well type correction coefficient matrix Q is introduced (i,校正) =K i∙Q (i,测量) (i=1,2,…,N).

[0062] in, , K i Q is the flow rate dynamic correction parameter based on different storage well types and well inclinations. （i,测量） is the flow data measured by the flow sensor of the i-th well, θ is the inclination angle, D is the actual pipe diameter, and D0 is the standard pipe diameter.

[0063] 2) Multi-well flow fusion unit:

[0064] The entropy weight method is used to calculate the contribution weight of each well flow to the total flow:

[0065] The flow weight formula in the multi-well flow fusion unit is:

[0066] .

[0067] Where: , , p ij is the flow rate proportion of the i-th well at the j-th time point, M is the number of sampling time points, E is the entropy, and the formula describes a weight distribution method, where the weight w of the flow rate of each well is i By its entropy value E i Determine the entropy value E i The larger the value, the higher the uncertainty of the well flow rate and the smaller the weight. N is the total number of wells in the multi-well interactive well group, Q ij is the flow rate of the i-th well at the j-th time point.

[0068] The formula for the total flow in the multi-well flow fusion unit is:

[0069] .

[0070] Among them, A il For the i-th well and the l The connectivity coefficient of the well, w i is the contribution weight of the flow of the i-th well to the total flow.

[0071] 3) Dynamic mode compensation unit:

[0072] The total flow rate under dynamic mode compensation for a certain period of time after continuous water injection is calculated as follows:

[0073] .

[0074] Among them, α is the pressure, temperature-flow coupling coefficient, which characterizes the sensitivity coefficient of the influence of pressure change on flow, and is derived from experimental calibration or theoretical model; this coefficient is determined by the laboratory measurement of water flow Q at normal temperature and pressure. 实验室标定 , based on the actual pressure and temperature in the laboratory to measure the water flow Q 温度、压力 , the coefficient , T is the total time from the start of flow measurement to the end of calculation time, It is the impulse response function under multi-mode water injection, which describes the dynamic characteristics of the pressure pulse's influence on the flow rate in the time domain and reflects the inertia delay and attenuation characteristics of the system. Multi-mode water injection includes different water injection modes: continuous / intermittent / stratified water injection. The pulse delay is 0 in the multi-well combination continuous water injection mode. =1, intermittent water injection and stratified water injection are calibrated by laboratory coefficients. is the pressure fluctuation at the wellhead at time τ, ΔP(τ)=P(τ)−P0, P0 is the initial pressure, and P(τ) is the pressure at time τ.

[0075] The data processing module also includes a machine learning model unit; the machine learning model unit is used to train the flow dynamic correction parameter K of different well types and well inclination angles in the well type correction coefficient matrix based on historical data. i .

[0076] Among them, such as Figure 4 As shown in Figure 2, the distribution of vertical wells, inclined wells, and horizontal wells in a well cluster is usually irregular, and the connectivity between the wells also varies.

[0077] Among them, such as Figure 5 As shown in the figure, this multifunctional industrial process instrument integrates temperature, pressure, and electromagnetic flow measurement. It comprises sensors (temperature, pressure, flow), a mechanical structure (beams, connections, base, housing), a user interface (display, buttons), and external interfaces (connectors, ports). Its primary function is to simultaneously monitor fluid temperature, pressure, and flow in a multi-well mine water geological storage flow measurement system, displaying and transmitting this information for process control, monitoring, or data logging.

[0078] Example 2

[0079] like Figure 2 As shown, the present application provides a measurement method based on the mine water geological storage flow measurement device for a multi-well mode, comprising:

[0080] Step 1: Use the composite sensor module to collect the flow rate, pressure, temperature, fluid density and wellbore inclination data at the wellhead of each sealed well in real time.

[0081] Step 2: Use the well-type adaptation installation module to dynamically adjust the sensor layout rules according to the well type and install the sensors at the preset positions.

[0082] Step 3: Based on the data collected by the composite sensor module, the data processing module dynamically corrects the flow data based on the well type correction coefficient matrix, calculates the flow weight at the wellhead of each sealed well using the entropy weight method, calculates the total flow based on the well group topology structure, and compensates for the flow dynamic error under multi-mode water injection based on the pressure-flow coupling coefficient and pulse response function, and outputs the total flow data of mine water.

[0083] In summary, this application has the following technical effects:

[0084] This device is specifically designed for various well type combinations and multi-mode water injection environments, providing a high-precision, highly anti-interference, and dynamically adaptable total flow measurement solution. It aims to solve the measurement errors caused by data dispersion, poor mode adaptability, and environmental interference in traditional technologies.

[0085] It aims to solve the problems of spatial coupling error (inter-well interference) and temporal dynamic error (mode switching transient) faced by total flow measurement in various well types and multi-mode water injection scenarios.

[0086] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0087] This document uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The description of the above examples is only intended to help understand the method and core concept of this application. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, based on the concept of this application, there may be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting this application.

Claims

1. A mine water geological storage flow measurement device for multi-well mode, characterized in that: include: Composite sensor module, well-type adapter installation module and data processing module; The composite sensor module includes an electromagnetic flowmeter, a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, and an inclination sensor, which is used to collect real-time flow, pressure, temperature, fluid density, and wellbore inclination data at the wellhead of each sealed well; the sealed wells include vertical wells, horizontal wells, and inclined wells; The well type adaptation installation module is used to dynamically adjust the sensor layout rules according to the well type: The data processing module includes a single-well flow correction unit, a multi-well flow fusion unit and a dynamic mode compensation unit; Single well flow correction unit, used to dynamically correct flow data based on the well type correction coefficient matrix; The multi-well flow fusion unit is used to calculate the flow weight at the wellhead of each sealed well using the entropy weight method, and calculate the total flow rate based on the well group topology; The formula for the total flow in the multi-well flow fusion unit is: ； in, A il For the i Well and l The connectivity coefficient of the wells, w i For the i The contribution weight of the well flow to the total flow, Q i,校正 is the corrected flow rate of the i-th well; The dynamic mode compensation unit is used to compensate for the flow dynamic error under multi-mode water injection based on the pressure, temperature-flow coupling coefficient and impulse response function.

2. The mine water geological storage flow measurement device for multi-well mode according to claim 1, characterized in that: The composite sensor module also includes an ultrasonic sensor; the ultrasonic sensor and the electromagnetic flowmeter constitute a redundant verification system for performing redundancy verification on the flow, pressure, temperature, fluid density and wellbore inclination data collected at the wellhead of each sealed well.

3. The mine water geological storage flow measurement device for multi-well mode according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sensor layout rules are as follows: in vertical and inclined wells, the composite sensor module is installed in the middle of the screen pipe section, with a distance from the wellhead ≥5 times the pipe diameter; in horizontal wells, the composite sensor module is installed in the middle of the horizontal screen pipe section at a set inclination angle.

4. The mine water geological storage flow measurement device for multi-well mode according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inclination sensor is connected to the well wall via an optical fiber to measure the wellbore inclination data.

5. The mine water geological storage flow measurement device for multi-well mode according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data processing module also includes a machine learning model unit; the machine learning model unit is used to train the flow dynamic correction parameters of different well types and well inclinations in the well type correction coefficient matrix based on historical data.

6. The mine water geological storage flow measurement device for multi-well mode according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inclined installation angle of the composite sensor module is dynamically adjusted according to the fluid density.

7. The mine water geological storage flow measurement device for multi-well mode according to claim 1, characterized in that: The formula expression of the single well flow correction unit is: Q i,校正 =K i ∙Q i,测量 ； in, , K i Dynamic correction parameters for flow rates based on different storage well types and well inclinations. Q i,测量 For the i The flow data measured by the well flow sensor, θ is the inclination angle, D is the actual pipe diameter, D 0 For standard pipe diameter.

8. The mine water geological storage flow measurement device for multi-well mode according to claim 1, characterized in that: The formula expression of the dynamic mode compensation unit is: ； Where α is the pressure, temperature-flow coupling coefficient, T is the total time from the start of flow measurement to the end of calculation-time, is the impulse response function under multi-mode water injection, is the pressure fluctuation at the wellhead at time τ, ΔP(τ)=P(τ)−P0, P0 is the initial pressure, and P(τ) is the pressure at time τ.

9. A measurement method for the mine water geological storage flow measurement device in a multi-well mode based on any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: include: The composite sensor module collects the flow rate, pressure, temperature, fluid density and wellbore inclination data at the wellhead of each sealed well in real time; Through the well type adaptation installation module, the sensor layout rules are dynamically adjusted according to the well type, and the sensors are installed in the preset positions; According to the data collected by the composite sensor module, the data processing module performs dynamic correction of flow data based on the well type correction coefficient matrix, calculates the flow weight at the wellhead of each sealed well using the entropy weight method, calculates the total flow rate based on the well group topology structure, and compensates for the dynamic flow error under multi-mode water injection based on the pressure, temperature-flow coupling coefficient and pulse response function, and outputs the total flow data of sealed mine water in the multi-well interactive well group within the regional range.

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