Viscous damper crash test system

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of engineering seismic isolation, and in particular to a viscous damper collision test system, comprising: two parallel transition plates; a viscous damper, both ends of which are fixedly mounted between the two transition plates through the viscous damper end plates; a force-limiting friction damper, fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the transition plate on one side and connected to a loading device through a connecting ear plate; energy is dissipated through viscous fluid resistance; if the load does not exceed a preset limit, the viscous damper only undergoes normal deformation, and the piston does not contact the oil cylinder; the force-limiting friction damper is mounted on the outer side of the transition plate, connected to the loading device through the connecting ear plate, and connected in series with the viscous damper; when the load exceeds a threshold value, the force-limiting friction damper starts sliding friction energy consumption, and its threshold force is set by the friction interface preload force, ensuring priority sliding when overloaded to reduce the reaction force peak, and at the same time forming comparative data of energy consumption efficiency and response characteristics with the viscous damper.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of engineering vibration reduction and isolation, and in particular to a viscous damper collision test system. Background Art

[0002] Viscous dampers can effectively protect engineering structures during earthquakes. However, with their widespread application, cases of damage and failure have emerged during earthquakes due to various reasons exceeding their deformation limits. Exceeding the deformation limit of a viscous damper can cause the piston and cylinder to collide, leading to drastic changes in damping force, internal forces, and stiffness. This can adversely affect the structure and cause damage to the damper, leading to performance degradation.

[0003] To study the effects of exceeding the limit state of a viscous damper, it is necessary to experimentally simulate its behavior when exceeding its deformation limit state. If a loading device is used to directly apply excessive deformation to the viscous damper, exceeding its deformation capacity to cause a piston-cylinder collision, the large impact force generated at the moment of collision is difficult to control. Excessive impact force can damage the viscous damper specimen, making it unsuitable for repeated testing and parameter analysis. It can also affect the reliability and lifespan of the loading device.

[0004] In view of this, a viscous damper collision test system is provided to overcome the above-mentioned defects. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention aims to address the shortcomings of the prior art by proposing a viscous damper collision test system. By connecting a collision assembly in parallel with the viscous damper, the system simulates the piston-cylinder collision caused by the viscous damper exceeding its limit deformation capacity through the collision of an elastic component with a collision plate. The viscous damper itself does not reach its limit deformation during the loading test, nor does it actually collide with the piston, thereby preventing damage to the viscous damper specimen. Furthermore, with the collision assembly and viscous damper connected in parallel, the same viscous damper can be used to test viscous damper deformation under a wider range of displacement conditions. Furthermore, to prevent a torque on the viscous damper after a collision, collision assemblies are installed above and below the viscous damper to offset the torque on the central axis. When the elastic component collides with the collision plate, a large reaction force is instantly generated. Excessive reaction force can damage the loading equipment. To this end, the solution we adopted is to connect the force-limiting friction damper in series with the viscous damper and the collision assembly. When the elastic component of the collision assembly collides with the collision plate, a large reaction force is generated instantly. When the reaction force exceeds the starting force of the force-limiting friction damper, the force-limiting friction damper is deformed, thereby avoiding damage to the loading equipment due to excessive reaction force.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] Viscous damper crash test system, including

[0008] Two parallel transition plates;

[0009] A viscous damper, both ends of which are fixedly mounted between the two transition plates via the viscous damper end plates;

[0010] A force-limiting friction damper is fixedly arranged on the outer surface of the transition plate on one side and connected to the loading device through a connecting lug plate;

[0011] A detachable collision assembly is arranged between the two transition plates, comprising a support guide rod, a collision block arranged on the support guide rod, and collision plates with adjustable spacing on both sides;

[0012] The collision assembly can simulate the collision behavior of the piston and cylinder under different extreme strokes of the viscous damper by adjusting the distance between the collision plates through the contact between the collision block and the collision plate, while avoiding actual collision between the piston and the cylinder to damage the viscous damper specimen;

[0013] The collision assembly can adjust the stiffness of the collision block, and can simulate the different stiffness of the viscous damper when the piston collides with the cylinder at the limit stroke by bringing the collision block into contact with the collision plate;

[0014] When the collision block contacts the collision plate, if the combined force of the viscous damper and the collision assembly exceeds the sliding force of the force-limiting friction damper, the force-limiting friction damper will slip to avoid damage to the loading device.

[0015] As a further description of the above technical solution: the collision assembly includes a support guide rod arranged between two transition plates;

[0016] The support guide rod is fixedly connected to a transition plate away from the force-limiting friction damper, and the support guide rod is slidably connected to another transition plate. A collision block is fixedly provided on the support guide rod, and collision plates are provided on both sides of the collision block. Internal thread blocks are rotatably provided at the four corners of the collision plate. A screw rod is spirally connected to the internal part of the internal thread block. The screw rod is slidably connected to the transition plate away from the force-limiting friction damper.

[0017] The collision plate is driven to translate by rotating the internal thread block, thereby achieving continuous or graded adjustment of the spacing.

[0018] As a further description of the above technical solution: the collision block includes:

[0019] The high molecular weight polyurethane elastic components are symmetrically arranged, and the opposite surfaces thereof are integrally formed with the elastic component end plates;

[0020] an elastic component connecting plate detachably connecting the two elastic component end plates;

[0021] When the elastic component contacts the collision plate, the elastic component is compressed and deformed to absorb the impact energy, and generates an instantaneous reaction force to trigger the force-limiting friction damper to slide.

[0022] As a further description of the above technical solution: the collision components are divided into two groups, which are symmetrically distributed on the upper and lower sides of the viscous damper to offset the eccentric torque generated by the collision and improve the accuracy of the test data.

[0023] As a further description of the above technical solution: an avoidance groove is provided inside the collision plate, and the upper end of the avoidance groove is open for rapid disassembly and replacement of the support guide rod.

[0024] As a further description of the above technical solution: the viscous damper and the force-limiting friction damper are connected in series, and the force-displacement characteristic curves of the two can be recorded synchronously under the same load to compare energy consumption efficiency and nonlinear response differences.

[0025] As a further description of the above technical solution: one end of the support guide rod and the screw rod is connected to the transition plate through an inserted bearing, and the other end is fixed by a bolt.

[0026] As a further description of the above technical solution: an avoidance groove is provided inside the collision plate, and the upper end of the avoidance groove is open.

[0027] As a further description of the above technical solution: the screw rod includes a threaded rod and a sliding rod that are integrally processed and formed, and a detachable limiting end is provided at one end of the sliding rod away from the threaded rod.

[0028] As a further description of the above technical solution: the screw rod includes a threaded rod and a sliding rod that are integrally processed and formed, and the end of the sliding rod away from the thread is fixedly connected to the limit end.

[0029] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0030] The viscous damper collision test system designed by the present invention consists of a viscous damper, a force-limiting friction damper, a collision assembly and a connecting ear plate. The viscous damper is fixed between two transition plates, and its two ends are bolted to the transition plates through the viscous damper end plates to form a main energy dissipation structure. When an external load is applied, the piston of the viscous damper moves in the cylinder and dissipates energy through the resistance of the viscous fluid. If the load does not exceed the preset limit, the viscous damper only undergoes normal deformation and the piston does not contact the cylinder. The force-limiting friction damper is installed on the outside of the transition plate and connected to the loading device through the connecting ear plate. It is connected in series with the viscous damper. When the load exceeds a threshold, the force-limiting friction damper starts sliding friction energy dissipation. The threshold force is set by the friction interface preload to ensure that sliding is preferred when overloaded to reduce the reaction force peak. At the same time, comparative data on energy dissipation efficiency and response characteristics are formed with the viscous damper.

[0031] The modular design of this system supports rapid switching of experimental modes and is suitable for the extreme testing requirements of dampers in multiple scenarios such as seismic structures and aerospace equipment. It provides an efficient experimental platform for optimizing damper design parameters and verifying protection strategies. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a viscous damper collision test system of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the screw and collision plate of the viscous damper collision test system of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the support guide rod structure of the viscous damper collision test system of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the collision plate of the viscous damper collision test system of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the screw rod of the viscous damper collision test system of the present invention.

[0037] Legend:

[0038] 1. Force-limiting friction damper; 2. Transition plate; 3. Viscous damper end plate; 4. Viscous damper; 5. Support guide rod; 6. Screw; 61. Sliding rod; 62. Threaded rod; 63. Limiting end; 7. Collision plate; 8. Elastic component; 9. Elastic component end plate; 10. Elastic component connecting plate; 11. Force-limiting friction damper end plate; 12. Connecting ear plate; 13-Avoidance groove; 14-Internal thread block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] To facilitate understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described more fully below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The accompanying drawings illustrate preferred embodiments of the present invention. However, the present invention may be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to provide a more thorough and comprehensive understanding of the present disclosure.

[0040] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" another element, it may be directly attached to the other element or there may be an intermediate element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intermediate element. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only implementation methods.

[0041] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this invention pertains. The terms used herein in the specification of the present invention are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit the present invention. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0042] See also Figure 1-3 The present invention provides a technical solution:

[0043] Viscous damper crash test system, including:

[0044] The viscous damper 4 is fixedly arranged between the two transition plates 2. When the viscous damper 4 is subjected to an external test load, the internal piston is displaced. When the load exceeds the limit, the internal piston of the viscous damper 4 will collide with the oil cylinder, causing damage to the viscous damper 4.

[0045] The force-limiting friction damper 1 is fixedly mounted on the outer side of one of the transition plates 2. When the load exceeds a threshold, the force-limiting friction damper 1 operates, dissipating energy through sliding friction. In the experiment, it is connected in series with the viscous damper 4 to compare their energy dissipation efficiency, response speed, and nonlinear characteristics.

[0046] The collision assembly is detachably arranged between the two transition plates 2. When the load exceeds the limit range during the loading test, the collision assembly is used to simulate the collision between the piston and the cylinder caused by the viscous damper 4 exceeding the limit deformation capacity;

[0047] The connecting lug plate 12 is fixedly arranged at the other end of the force-limiting friction damper 1 away from the viscous damper 4 , and the loading device is connected to the force-limiting friction damper 1 via the connecting lug plate 12 .

[0048] In the above description, when the load during the loading test exceeds the limit range, the collision component simulates the collision between the piston and the cylinder caused by the viscous damper 4 exceeding the limit deformation capacity. However, the viscous damper 4 itself will not reach the limit deformation during the loading test, and no actual collision between the piston and the cylinder will occur, thereby avoiding damage to the viscous damper 4 specimen.

[0049] like Figure 2-3 As shown in: the collision assembly includes a support guide rod 5 arranged between two transition plates 2, wherein the support guide rod 5 is fixedly connected to the transition plate 2 away from the force-limiting friction damper 1, and the support guide rod 5 is slidably connected to the other transition plate 2, a collision block is fixedly provided on the support guide rod 5, and collision plates 7 are provided on both sides of the collision block, and internal thread blocks 14 are rotatably provided at the four corners of the collision plate 7, and a screw rod 6 is spirally connected to the internal of the internal thread block 14, and the screw rod 6 is slidably connected to the transition plate 2 away from the force-limiting friction damper 1, and the screw rod 6 is fixedly connected to the transition plate 2 away from the force-limiting friction damper 1 by a nut. In this way, when the viscous damper collision test system is loaded with experimental loads, the spacing between the collision plates 7 is controlled by the internal thread block 14, and can be divided into two modes according to different spacings:

[0050] The first scenario involves no collision between the collision block and collision plate 7, simulating a situation where the viscous damper 4 has not reached its travel limit. During the experiment, the spacing between the collision plate 7 and the collision block was adjusted to be greater than the loading displacement distance of the viscous damper 4. When the loading device was operating, the load drove the right transition plate 2 to move, causing the viscous damper 4 to deform, testing the mechanical behavior and energy dissipation capacity of the viscous damper 4. Simultaneously, the right transition plate 2 moved, driving the screw 6, which in turn caused the collision plate 7 to displace. However, because the spacing between the collision plate 7 and the collision block was greater than the loading displacement distance of the viscous damper 4, the collision plate 7 and the collision block did not collide. At this point, the starting force of the force-limiting friction damper 1 was set to be greater than the maximum damping force that the viscous damper 1 could generate, and the force-limiting friction damper 1 did not slide.

[0051] The second scenario involves the collision of the collision block with the collision plate 7, simulating the situation where the viscous damper 4 reaches its travel limit. To test the performance of the viscous damper 4 at its travel limit, the internally threaded block 14 is rotated to move the left and right collision plates 7 toward the collision block, ensuring that the distance between the collision plates 7 and the collision block is less than the loading displacement of the viscous damper 4. When the loading device is operating, the load drives the right transition plate 2 to move, causing the viscous damper 4 to deform and the collision plate 7 to displace. Because the distance between the collision plate 7 and the collision block is less than the loading displacement of the viscous damper 4, the collision plates 7 and the collision block will collide at the set displacement. This allows the mechanical behavior and energy dissipation capacity of the viscous damper 4 to be tested at the simulated travel limit. The large reaction force generated at the moment of collision exceeds the starting force of the force-limiting friction damper 1, causing it to slide, protecting the loading device from damage due to the excessive reaction force.

[0052] like Figure 2 As shown in: the collision block includes an elastic component 8, an elastic component end plate 9 and an elastic component connecting member 10, wherein there are two elastic components 8 and they are symmetrically arranged, and both are made of high molecular polyurethane material, and the elastic component end plate 9 is integrally formed with the elastic component 8, and the elastic component end plate 9 is detachably connected through the elastic component connecting plate 10. In this way, when the elastic component 8 collides with the collision plate 7, the elastic component 8 made of high molecular polyurethane is compressed and deformed, absorbs impact energy, and generates an instantaneous reaction force. When the reaction force exceeds the starting slip threshold of the force-limiting friction damper 1, the friction damper slides and consumes energy to avoid overload damage to the loading equipment. At the same time, the collision block can be replaced according to actual needs, and then the stiffness of the collision block can be adjusted. The different stiffness of the viscous damper when the piston collides with the cylinder under the limit stroke can be simulated by contacting the collision block with the collision plate.

[0053] like Figure 1 As shown in the figure: both ends of the viscous damper 4 are fixedly connected with the viscous damper end plates 3, and the viscous damper end plates 3 are connected to the transition plate 2 by provided bolts. In this way, when the viscous damper 4 is damaged due to collision, the viscous damper 4 can be replaced by disassembling the viscous damper end plates 3.

[0054] Still Figure 1 As shown in the figure: one side of the screw rod 6 and the support guide rod 5 is connected to the filter plate 2 through an inserted bearing, and the other side is installed on the filter plate 2 through a bolt. In this way, by loosening the bolts of the support guide rod 5 and the transition plate 2, and then loosening the bolts of the screw rod 6 and the transition plate 2, pull it out from the inserted bearing, and then disassemble, repair or replace the broken parts of the collision assembly.

[0055] like Figure 1As shown in , there are two groups of collision components, which are connected in parallel with the viscous damper 4 above and below, avoiding the influence of the overall eccentric moment generated after the collision on the test data, making the test data more accurate and reducing errors.

[0056] like Figure 4 As shown in : an avoidance groove 13 is provided inside the collision plate 7, and the upper end of the avoidance groove 13 is open, so that the disassembly of the support guide rod 5 is facilitated and the disassembly efficiency is improved.

[0057] like Figure 5 As shown in the figure: the screw rod 6 includes a threaded rod 62 and a sliding rod 61 which are integrally formed, and the end of the sliding rod 61 away from the threaded rod 62 is detachably connected to the limit end 63 through a spiral, and the transition plate 2 away from the force-limiting friction damper 1 is slidably connected to the screw rod 6 through the sliding rod 61, and the displacement is limited by the set limit end 63.

[0058] Working Principle: This system utilizes a viscous damper (4) in series with a force-limiting friction damper (1), combined with an adjustable collision assembly, to test and protect the viscous damper under extreme loads. The viscous damper (4) is fixed between two transition plates (2). Under external load, its internal piston displaces. When the load exceeds the limit, the collision assembly simulates the collision behavior of the piston and cylinder:

[0059] The first scenario involves no collision between the collision block and collision plate 7, simulating a situation where the viscous damper 4 has not reached its travel limit. During the experiment, the spacing between the collision plate 7 and the collision block was adjusted to be greater than the loading displacement distance of the viscous damper 4. When the loading device was operating, the load drove the right transition plate 2 to move, causing the viscous damper 4 to deform, testing the mechanical behavior and energy dissipation capacity of the viscous damper 4. Simultaneously, the right transition plate 2 moved, driving the screw 6, which in turn caused the collision plate 7 to displace. However, because the spacing between the collision plate 7 and the collision block was greater than the loading displacement distance of the viscous damper 4, the collision plate 7 and the collision block did not collide. At this point, the starting force of the force-limiting friction damper 1 was set to be greater than the maximum damping force that the viscous damper 1 could generate, and the force-limiting friction damper 1 did not slide.

[0060] The second type involves the collision of the collision block with the collision plate 7, simulating the situation where the viscous damper 4 reaches its travel limit. To test the performance of the viscous damper 4 at its travel limit, the internally threaded block 14 is rotated to move the left and right collision plates 7 toward the collision block, ensuring that the distance between the collision plates 7 and the collision block is less than the loaded displacement distance of the viscous damper 4. When the loading device is operating, the load drives the right transition plate 2 to move, causing the viscous damper 4 to deform and the collision plate 7 to displace. Because the distance between the collision plate 7 and the collision block is less than the loaded displacement distance of the viscous damper 4, the collision plates 7 and the collision block will collide at the set displacement. This allows the mechanical behavior and energy dissipation capacity of the viscous damper 4 to be tested at the simulated travel limit. The large reaction force generated at the moment of collision exceeds the starting force of the force-limiting friction damper 1, causing it to slide, protecting the loading device from damage due to the excessive reaction force.

[0061] The viscous damper 4 is disassembled and replaced by the bolts of the viscous damper end plate 3; the collision assembly is pulled out from the transition plate 2 for maintenance by loosening the bolts of the support guide rod 5 and the screw rod 6.

[0062] The design of the upper and lower parallel collision components and the avoidance groove 13 structure can eliminate eccentric torque interference and improve test accuracy; the sliding rod 61 of the screw rod 6 and the limit end 63 cooperate to control the displacement range to ensure that the test is safe and controllable.

[0063] The above description is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field, within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, who makes equivalent replacements or changes based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. Viscous damper collision test system, characterized by: include Two parallel transition plates (2); A viscous damper (4), both ends of which are fixedly mounted between the two transition plates (2) via viscous damper end plates (3); A force-limiting friction damper (1) is fixedly arranged on the outer surface of the transition plate (2) on one side and is connected to the loading device via a connecting lug plate (12); A detachable collision assembly is arranged between the two transition plates (2), comprising a support guide rod (5), a collision block arranged on the support guide rod (5), and collision plates (7) with adjustable spacing on both sides; The collision assembly simulates the collision behavior of the piston and the cylinder under different limit strokes of the viscous damper by adjusting the distance between the collision plates (7) and bringing the collision block into contact with the collision plates (7), while preventing the piston and the cylinder from actually colliding and damaging the viscous damper (4); The collision assembly adjusts the stiffness of the collision block, and the collision block contacts the collision plate to simulate the different stiffnesses of the viscous damper when the piston collides with the cylinder at the limit stroke; When the collision block comes into contact with the collision plate (7), if the combined force generated by the viscous damper (4) and the collision assembly exceeds the starting force of the force-limiting friction damper, the force-limiting friction damper (1) will slip, thereby avoiding damage to the loading device; The collision assembly comprises a support guide rod (5) arranged between two transition plates (2); The support guide rod (5) is fixedly connected to the transition plate (2) away from the force-limiting friction damper (1), and the support guide rod (5) is slidably connected to the other transition plate (2). A collision block is fixedly provided on the support guide rod (5), and collision plates (7) are provided on both sides of the collision block. Internal thread blocks (14) are rotatably provided at the four corners of the collision plate (7). A screw rod (6) is spirally connected inside the internal thread block (14). One side of the screw rod (6) is slidably connected to the transition plate (2) away from the force-limiting friction damper (1), and the other side of the screw rod (6) is fixedly connected to the other transition plate (2). The collision plate (7) is driven to translate by rotating the internal thread block (14), thereby achieving continuous or graded adjustment of the spacing.

2. The viscous damper collision test system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The collision block comprises: A symmetrically arranged high molecular polyurethane elastic component (8), whose opposite surfaces are integrally formed with the elastic component end plate (9); an elastic component connecting plate (10) detachably connecting the two elastic component end plates (9); When the elastic component (8) contacts the collision plate (7), the elastic component (8) is compressed and deformed to absorb the impact energy, and generates an instantaneous reaction force to trigger the force-limiting friction damper (1) to slide.

3. The viscous damper collision test system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The collision components are in two groups, symmetrically distributed on the upper and lower sides of the viscous damper (4), and are used to offset the eccentric torque generated by the collision.

4. The viscous damper collision test system according to claim 1, characterized in that: An escape groove (13) is provided inside the collision plate (7), and the upper end of the escape groove (13) is open and is used for the rapid disassembly and replacement of the support guide rod (5).

5. The viscous damper collision test system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The viscous damper (4) and the force-limiting friction damper (1) are connected in series, and the force-displacement characteristic curves of the two can be recorded synchronously under the same load for comparing energy consumption efficiency and nonlinear response differences.

6. The viscous damper collision test system according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the support guide rod (5) and the screw rod (6) is connected to the transition plate (2) via an insert bearing, and the other end is fixed via a bolt.

7. The viscous damper collision test system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The screw rod (6) comprises a threaded rod (62) and a sliding rod (61) which are integrally formed, and a detachable limiting end (63) is provided at one end of the sliding rod (61) away from the threaded rod (62).

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