Multi-environment-chamber synchronous accelerated corrosion experiment device suitable for high-temperature ammonia decomposition condition

Abstract

The invention relates to a multi-environment-chamber synchronous accelerated corrosion experimental device suitable for a high-temperature ammonia decomposition condition. The multi-environment-chamber synchronous accelerated corrosion experimental device comprises an impurity-containing ammonia gas mixing pressurization system, a leakage safety control system, a multi-environment-chamber synchronous accelerated corrosion system and a tail gas separation and recovery system, the impurity-containing ammonia gas mixing and pressurizing system comprises a gas storage bottle, a gas mixing device, a gas pressurizing device and a flow meter; the leakage safety control system comprises an alarm, an air pressure sensor, a concentration detector and an explosion-proof variable-frequency exhauster; the tail gas separation and recovery system comprises an ammonia decomposition reactor, a membrane separator and a gas cylinder. By applying the technical scheme, the synchronous test of the complex environment constant load stretching device and the multi-environment-chamber synchronous corrosion device is realized, and the capability and the efficiency of the corrosion device are greatly improved; the tail gas separation and recovery device adopts an ammonia decomposition reactor and a membrane separator to realize efficient step-by-step separation of mixed gas.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of corrosion mechanical property testing, and in particular to a multi-environment chamber synchronous accelerated corrosion experiment device applicable to high-temperature ammonia decomposition conditions. Background Art

[0002] As an efficient hydrogen storage carrier, ammonia can be liquefied at room temperature, and its volumetric hydrogen storage energy density is 1.7 times that of liquid hydrogen. By relying on the mature synthetic ammonia industrial infrastructure, the low-cost and long-distance transportation of ammonia can be realized. Ammonia can not only be used as a hydrogen energy carrier, but also directly as a zero-carbon fuel, and its combustion products are nitrogen and water, significantly reducing carbon emissions.

[0003] Liquid ammonia, relying on its advantages of high energy density, low storage and transportation cost, and good safety, forms a "zero-carbon" circular energy industry chain of "clean and efficient synthetic ammonia - economic and safe ammonia energy storage and transportation - carbon-free and efficient ammonia hydrogen utilization" with ammonia as a hydrogen storage carrier, and has become the core technical path for large-scale application of hydrogen energy. However, the energy consumption problem of ammonia decomposition needs to be solved urgently. As a strong endothermic reaction, high temperature can greatly increase the reaction rate and equilibrium conversion rate of ammonia decomposition, and some catalysts can inhibit side reactions at high temperature to ensure the purity of hydrogen.

[0004] In a high-temperature environment, ammonia will undergo nitriding corrosion with metal materials, and the brittle nitriding layer formed will cause the degradation of the mechanical properties of the materials, leading to the leakage of the reaction kettle, seriously threatening the inherent safety of the ammonia decomposition system. In actual industrial scenarios, ammonia often coexists with gases such as H2S, CO2, and CO, forming a complex corrosion environment under multi-component impurities.

[0005] Therefore, studying the corrosion behavior mechanism of materials in a high-temperature mixed gas environment is an important safety guarantee for realizing high-temperature ammonia decomposition to produce hydrogen.

[0006] At present, the corrosion test platforms for high-temperature ammonia decomposition materials only conduct research based on a single gas environment and a single reaction kettle test environment; therefore, there is an urgent need for a synchronous test platform based on multiple reaction kettles in a high-temperature ammonia decomposition mixed gas environment. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a multi-environment chamber synchronous accelerated corrosion experiment device applicable to high-temperature ammonia decomposition conditions, realizing the synergistic response of materials to multiple factors such as the temperature, time, and flow rate of the corrosion medium in a high-temperature ammonia corrosion environment, and simulating the real working conditions of materials in a high-temperature ammonia environment containing impurities under different temperature, time, and flow rate conditions.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A multi-environment chamber synchronous accelerated corrosion test device applicable to high-temperature ammonia decomposition conditions, including an ammonia gas with impurities mixing and pressurizing system, a leakage safety control system, a multi-environment chamber synchronous accelerated corrosion system, and a tail gas separation and recovery system; The ammonia gas with impurities mixing and pressurizing system includes a gas mixing device, a gas pressurizing device, and an internal orifice plate type dynamic spiral blade. The inlet end of the gas mixing device is sequentially connected to a plurality of gas cylinders, and the outlet end of the gas mixing device is connected to the gas pressurizing device; The leakage safety control system includes an alarm, a pressure sensor, a concentration detector, and an explosion-proof variable frequency exhaust machine; The multi-environment chamber synchronous accelerated corrosion system includes an ammonia decomposition reactor, a high-temperature ammonia decomposition constant load tensile device, a high-temperature ammonia decomposition multi-environment chamber synchronous corrosion device, and a temperature controller. The high-temperature ammonia decomposition constant load tensile device applies the mass of the weight to the specimen through a lever. The high-temperature ammonia decomposition multi-environment chamber synchronous corrosion device sets a plurality of reaction kettles for simultaneous testing. The variable diameter structure design of the plurality of reaction kettles meets the regulation of the mixed gas flow velocity gradient. The continuous sampling at equal time intervals meets the control of the corrosion time. The plurality of reaction kettles adopt independent temperature control modules during the test to meet the synchronous variable temperature test requirements; the plurality of reaction kettles are all connected to the temperature controller to control the temperature of the environment chamber in real time; the inlet ends of the high-temperature ammonia decomposition constant load tensile device and the high-temperature ammonia decomposition multi-environment chamber synchronous corrosion device are both connected to the gas pressurizing device, and the outlet ends of the high-temperature ammonia decomposition constant load tensile device and the high-temperature ammonia decomposition multi-environment chamber synchronous corrosion device are both connected to the tail gas separation and recovery system; The tail gas separation and recovery system includes an ammonia decomposition reactor, a membrane separator, and a gas cylinder; the ammonia gas is decomposed into nitrogen and hydrogen through the ammonia decomposition reactor, and the remaining gas is recycled into the gas cylinder through the membrane separator for reuse.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment: The internal of the gas mixing device is provided with an internal orifice plate type dynamic spiral blade. Small holes are evenly distributed on the internal orifice plate type dynamic spiral blade, and the small holes combined with the spiral blade generate microscale turbulence; when multiple gases enter the gas mixing device simultaneously, the internal orifice plate type dynamic spiral blade adjusts the gas mixing degree in real time through rotation to achieve uniform mixing of the gases.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment: One side of the gas mixing device where the inlet end is located is provided with a row of mixed gas inlet pipes; one end of each mixed gas inlet pipe is respectively connected to a plurality of gas cylinders, and the other end of the mixed gas inlet pipe communicates with the gas mixing device; a back pressure valve is further provided on the mixed gas inlet pipe, and the back pressure valve is arranged between the mixed gas inlet pipe and the gas cylinder.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, a corrosion-resistant ammonia stop valve is installed between the gas mixing device and the gas booster device, and a flow meter is also connected to the gas booster device.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, the air pressure sensor measures the indoor air pressure of the laboratory where the device is located, and the ammonia concentration detector detects the ammonia concentration in the laboratory. When the ammonia concentration detector detects that the indoor ammonia concentration reaches the limit value, the control system placed inside the explosion-proof variable-frequency exhaust machine controls the experiment power supply to be cut off, increases the exhaust volume of the explosion-proof variable-frequency exhaust machine, and at the same time, the alarm gives an audible and visual alarm.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, heating iron wires are wound around the surface of the reaction kettle, and the heating iron wires are controlled by a temperature controller.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, the high-temperature ammonia decomposition constant load tensile device uses the gravity of the weights to apply a constant tensile force to the sample in the high-temperature environment chamber through a lever, directly transmitting the static load. Before the test, first adjust the balance adjustment disk to balance the lever, the specimen and the adjustment fixture, so that there is a certain distance between the weights and the rubber shock pads installed on the base. The mixed gas enters from the left inlet of the high-temperature environment chamber and exits from the right outlet of the environment chamber to the waste gas separation and recovery device.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, upper and lower clamps are respectively arranged at the upper and lower ends of the environment chamber, and the adjustment clamp is arranged between the upper clamp and the environment chamber.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment, the high-temperature ammonia decomposition multi-environment chamber synchronous corrosion device is provided with multiple reaction kettles with different diameters. The outer layers of the multiple reaction kettles are wrapped with a certain thickness of heat insulation layer. Specimen racks are arranged in the reaction kettles to fix C-ring specimens. The multiple reaction kettles directly change the cross-sectional area of the fluid channel by using different inner diameters of the cylinders to actively control the flow rate. The multiple reaction kettles achieve continuous sampling at equal time intervals through automatic sampling.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment, the ammonia decomposition reactor is a tubular reactor with a honeycomb catalyst carrier inside. The membrane separator separates the mixed gas based on the molecular size, solubility, and interaction with different membrane materials and then recovers it to the gas cylinder.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention realizes the dynamic regulation of the temperature field, residence time, and flow rate of the corrosion medium through the regulation technology, constructs a multi-factor coupling test environment for high-temperature ammonia corrosion. In addition, the present invention can achieve the efficient and uniform mixing of multiple gases, and separates and enriches the waste gas through a multi-stage membrane separation system for recycling and reuse. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1Schematic diagram of the overall structure of the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the gas mixing device of the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the high-temperature ammonia decomposition constant load tensile device of the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the high-temperature ammonia decomposition multi-environment chamber synchronous corrosion device of the embodiment of the present invention; The reference numerals in the figure are described as follows: 1 - back pressure valve; 2 - gas mixing device; 3 - gas booster device; 4 - flowmeter; 5 - alarm; 6 - concentration detector; 7 - explosion-proof variable frequency exhaust machine; 8 - air pressure sensor; 9 - temperature controller; 10 - ammonia decomposition reactor; 11 - gas storage cylinder; 12 - stop valve; 13 - high-temperature ammonia decomposition constant load tensile device; 14 - high-temperature ammonia decomposition multi-environment chamber synchronous corrosion device; 15 - reaction kettle; 16 - gas cylinder; 17 - membrane separator; 18 - mixed gas inlet pipeline; 19 - built-in orifice plate type dynamic spiral blade; 20 - device wall; 21 - small hole; 22 - weight; 23 - balance adjustment disc; 24 - upper fixture; 25 - adjustment fixture; 26 - rubber shock pad; 27 - lower fixture; 28 - specimen; 29 - environment chamber; 30 - heating wire; 31 - specimen holder; 32 - heat preservation layer; 33 - C-ring specimen. Detailed implementation manners

[0020] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0021] It should be noted that the following detailed description is illustrative and is intended to provide further description of the present application. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the technical field to which the present application belongs.

[0022] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific implementation manners and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application; as used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms are also intended to include the plural forms. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or their combinations.

[0023] As Figure 1As shown in the figure, a multi-environment chamber synchronous accelerated corrosion test device applicable to high-temperature ammonia decomposition conditions includes an impurity-containing ammonia gas mixing and pressurizing system, a leakage safety control system, a multi-environment chamber synchronous accelerated corrosion system, and a tail gas separation and recovery system. The impurity-containing ammonia gas mixing and pressurizing system includes a gas mixing device 2, and the inlets of the gas mixing device 2 are respectively connected to a plurality of gas storage cylinders 11. The number of the gas storage cylinders 11 is six, and the gases are H2O, NH3, CO, H2, CO2, and H2S in sequence. The gas is maintained at a constant pressure through a back pressure valve 1. The outlet end of the gas mixing device 2 is connected to a gas pressurizing device 3. An ammonia-resistant stop valve 12 is installed between the gas mixing device 2 and the gas pressurizing device 3. The gas pressurizing device 3 is connected to a flow meter 4. The leakage safety control system includes an alarm 5, an ammonia concentration detector 6, an explosion-proof variable-frequency exhaust fan 7, and a pressure sensor 8. The explosion-proof variable-frequency exhaust fan 7 can exhaust air according to the laboratory indoor air pressure measured by the pressure sensor 8. When the ammonia concentration detector 6 detects that the ammonia concentration in the laboratory reaches a certain limit value, the control system placed inside the explosion-proof variable-frequency exhaust fan 7 controls the experiment power supply to be cut off and increases its exhaust volume. At the same time, the alarm 5 gives an audible and visual alarm, forming a gas leakage alarm and safety control system. The multi-environment chamber synchronous accelerated corrosion system includes a high-temperature ammonia decomposition constant load tension device 13, a high-temperature ammonia decomposition multi-environment chamber synchronous corrosion device 14, and a temperature controller 9. The constant load tension device 13 uses a weight 22 to apply a constant tensile force to a specimen 28 in a high-temperature environment chamber 29 through a lever. The high-temperature ammonia decomposition multi-environment chamber synchronous corrosion device 14 is provided with multiple sets of reaction kettles 15 at the same time. The diameters and temperatures of the multiple sets of reaction kettles are different. Heating wires 30 controlled by the temperature controller 9 are wound on their surfaces, and different corrosion temperatures of the multiple sets of reaction kettles 15 can be controlled. The tail gas separation and recovery system includes an ammonia decomposition reactor 10, a membrane separator 17, and a gas cylinder 16. The outlet ends of the high-temperature ammonia decomposition constant load tension device 13 and the high-temperature ammonia decomposition multi-environment chamber synchronous corrosion device 14 are both connected to the ammonia decomposition reactor 10. The ammonia decomposition reactor 10 decomposes ammonia gas into N2 and H2. The remaining gas realizes high-purity separation of the mixed gas through the membrane separator 17 by using the differences in the solubility and diffusion coefficient of molecules in the membrane, and the gas is recovered into the gas cylinder 16 for reuse.

[0024] As Figure 2 shown, a row of gas pipelines 18 is arranged on the left part of the gas mixing device 2. The first ends of the gas pipelines 18 are respectively connected to a plurality of gas storage cylinders 11. A dynamic spiral blade 19 is arranged inside the gas mixing device 2. Small holes 21 are evenly distributed on the spiral blade. The small holes 21 combine with the spiral blade to generate micro-scale turbulence. When multiple gases enter the device at the same time, the dynamic spiral blade 19 can adjust the frequency and speed and alternate forward and reverse rotation, and can adjust the mixing intensity in real time according to the gas viscosity, realizing the uniform mixing of six gases.

[0025] The explosion-proof variable frequency exhaust fan 7 is internally provided with a control system, which can adjust the exhaust volume according to the indoor air pressure of the laboratory measured by the air pressure sensor 8 and the indoor gas concentration measured by the concentration detector 6. When a trace leakage of toxic gas occurs, the exhaust volume can be increased in time. At the same time, the alarm 5 can give an audible and visual alarm in time, forming a systematic alarm and safety control system.

[0026] like Figure 3 As shown, the high-temperature ammonia decomposition constant load stretching device 13 uses the gravity of the weight 22 to apply a constant stretching force to the sample 28 in the high-temperature environment chamber 29 through a lever, directly transmitting the static load and avoiding the error caused by dynamic fluctuations. Before the test, the balance adjustment disk 23 is adjusted to balance the lever, and a suitable sample 28 and adjustment fixture 25 are designed to separate the weight 22 from the rubber shock-absorbing pad 26 installed on the base at a certain distance. The mixed gas enters from the left end of the high-temperature environment chamber and exits from the right end to the exhaust gas separation and recovery device.

[0027] like Figure 4 As shown, the high-temperature ammonia decomposition multi-environment chamber synchronous corrosion device 14 is provided with multiple sets of reactors 15 with different diameters. The surfaces of the multiple sets of reactors 15 are all wrapped with heating wires 30 whose temperatures are controlled in real time by the temperature controller 9, and the outer layer is wrapped with a certain thickness of insulation layer 32. The multiple sets of reactors use independent temperature control modules when testing in parallel to achieve the synchronous temperature change test requirements. C-ring sample racks 31 are set in the reactors to fix C-ring samples 33. The multiple sets of reactors use differentiated cylinder inner diameters to directly change the cross-sectional area of the fluid channel to achieve active regulation of the flow rate. The multiple sets of reactors realize continuous sampling at equal time intervals through automatic sampling.

[0028] The tail gas separation and recovery device utilizes an ammonia decomposition reactor 10 and a membrane separator 17 to achieve precise classification and purification. The ammonia decomposition reactor 10 is a tubular reactor with a built-in honeycomb catalyst carrier. The membrane separator 17 utilizes molecular size and solubility as well as interaction with different membrane materials to separate the mixed gas and then recover it to the gas cylinder 16.

[0029] Any non-inventive modifications, equivalent substitutions or equivalent deformations of the aforementioned embodiments based on the technical concept of the present invention, including but not limited to parameter adjustment, process optimization and structural equivalent substitution, shall fall within the scope of protection defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-environment chamber synchronous accelerated corrosion test device applicable to high-temperature ammonia decomposition conditions, characterized in that: It includes an ammonia mixed pressurization system with impurities, a leakage safety control system, a multi-environment chamber synchronous acceleration corrosion system, and a tail gas separation and recovery system; The ammonia mixed pressurization system with impurities includes a gas mixing device, a gas pressurization device, and an internal orifice plate type dynamic spiral blade. The inlet end of the gas mixing device is successively connected to a plurality of gas cylinders, and the outlet end of the gas mixing device is connected to the gas pressurization device; The leakage safety control system includes an alarm, a barometric pressure sensor, a concentration detector, and an explosion-proof variable frequency exhaust machine; The multi-environment chamber synchronous acceleration corrosion system includes an ammonia decomposition reactor, a high-temperature ammonia decomposition constant load tensile device, a high-temperature ammonia decomposition multi-environment chamber synchronous corrosion device, and a temperature controller. The high-temperature ammonia decomposition constant load tensile device applies the mass of the weight to the specimen through a lever. The high-temperature ammonia decomposition multi-environment chamber synchronous corrosion device is provided with a plurality of reaction kettles for simultaneous testing. The variable diameter structure design of the plurality of reaction kettles meets the regulation of the mixed gas flow velocity gradient. The continuous sampling at equal time intervals meets the control of the corrosion time. The plurality of reaction kettles adopt independent temperature control modules during the test to meet the synchronous temperature change test requirements; the plurality of reaction kettles are all connected to the temperature controller to control the temperature of the environment chamber in real time; the inlet ends of the high-temperature ammonia decomposition constant load tensile device and the high-temperature ammonia decomposition multi-environment chamber synchronous corrosion device are both connected to the gas pressurization device, and the outlet ends of the high-temperature ammonia decomposition constant load tensile device and the high-temperature ammonia decomposition multi-environment chamber synchronous corrosion device are both connected to the tail gas separation and recovery system; The tail gas separation and recovery system includes an ammonia decomposition reactor, a membrane separator, and a gas cylinder; the ammonia is decomposed into nitrogen and hydrogen through the ammonia decomposition reactor, and the remaining gas is recycled into the gas cylinder through the membrane separator for reuse.

2. The multi-environment chamber synchronous accelerated corrosion test device applicable to high-temperature ammonia decomposition conditions according to claim 1, wherein: The internal of the gas mixing device is provided with an internal orifice plate type dynamic spiral blade. Small holes are evenly distributed on the internal orifice plate type dynamic spiral blade, and the small holes combined with the spiral blade generate micro-scale turbulence; when multiple gases enter the gas mixing device simultaneously, the internal orifice plate type dynamic spiral blade adjusts the gas mixing degree in real time by rotating to achieve uniform mixing of the gases.

3. An experimental device for synchronous accelerated corrosion in multiple environmental chambers applicable to high-temperature ammonia decomposition conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: One side of the gas mixing device where the inlet end is located is provided with a row of mixed gas inlet pipes; one end of each mixed gas inlet pipe is respectively connected to a plurality of gas cylinders, and the other end of the mixed gas inlet pipe communicates with the gas mixing device; a back pressure valve is further provided on the mixed gas inlet pipe, and the back pressure valve is arranged between the mixed gas inlet pipe and the gas cylinder.

4. An experimental device for synchronous accelerated corrosion of a multi-environment chamber under high-temperature ammonia decomposition conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: An ammonia-resistant stop valve is installed between the gas mixing device and the gas pressurization device, and a flowmeter is also connected to the gas pressurization device.

5. An experimental device for synchronous accelerated corrosion in multiple environmental chambers applicable to high-temperature ammonia decomposition conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The barometric pressure sensor measures the indoor barometric pressure of the laboratory where the device is located, and the ammonia concentration detector detects the indoor ammonia concentration of the laboratory; when the ammonia concentration detector detects that the indoor ammonia concentration reaches the limit value, the control system placed inside the explosion-proof variable frequency exhaust machine controls the experimental power supply to be cut off, and increases the exhaust volume of the explosion-proof variable frequency exhaust machine. At the same time, the alarm gives an audible and visual alarm.

6. The multi-environment chamber synchronous accelerated corrosion test device applicable to high-temperature ammonia decomposition conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface of the reaction kettle is wound with heating iron wires, and the heating iron wires are controlled by a temperature controller.

7. An experimental device for synchronous accelerated corrosion of multiple environmental chambers applicable to high-temperature ammonia decomposition conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-temperature ammonia decomposition constant-load tensile device uses the gravity of the weights to apply a constant tensile force to the sample in the environmental chamber through a lever, directly transmitting the static load. Before the test, first adjust the balance adjustment disc to balance the lever, the specimen and the adjustment fixture, so that there is a certain distance between the weights and the rubber shock pads installed on the base. The high-temperature environmental chamber is connected to the temperature controller to achieve temperature control. The mixed gas enters from the left inlet of the high-temperature environmental chamber and exits from the right outlet to the waste gas separation and recovery device.

8. An experimental device for synchronous accelerated corrosion of multiple environmental chambers applicable to high-temperature ammonia decomposition conditions according to claim 7, characterized in that: Upper and lower clamps are respectively arranged at the upper and lower ends of the high-temperature environmental chamber, and the adjustment fixture is arranged between the upper clamp and the environmental chamber.

9. An experimental device for synchronous accelerated corrosion of multiple environmental chambers under high-temperature ammonia decomposition conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-temperature ammonia decomposition multi-environment chamber synchronous corrosion device is provided with multiple reaction kettles with different diameters. The outer layers of the multiple reaction kettles are wrapped with a certain thickness of heat insulation layer. Specimen racks are arranged in the reaction kettles to fix C-ring specimens. The multiple reaction kettles directly change the cross-sectional area of the fluid channel by using different inner diameters of the cylinders to actively control the flow rate. The multiple reaction kettles achieve continuous sampling at equal time intervals through automatic sampling.

10. A multi-environment chamber synchronous accelerated corrosion test device applicable to high-temperature ammonia decomposition conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ammonia decomposition reactor is a tubular reactor with a honeycomb catalyst carrier inside. The membrane separator separates the mixed gas based on molecular size, solubility, and interaction with different membrane materials and then recovers it to the gas cylinder.

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