Ocean thermoelectric material testing method and ocean thermoelectric material testing device

Abstract

The invention provides an ocean thermoelectric material testing method and an ocean thermoelectric material testing device. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring a t-th temperature parameter and a plurality of t-th gain adjustment parameters of a phase change material at a t-th moment; based on a predicted temperature change model, a (t + 1) th temperature parameter of the phase change material is calculated according to the t-th temperature parameter, and the predicted temperature change model is constructed according to a thermal hysteresis effect model, a nonlinear response model and a temperature sequential control model of the phase change material; for each gain adjustment parameter, calculating a (t + 1) th gain adjustment parameter according to the first temperature change parameter and the tth gain adjustment parameter; based on a temperature calibration model, according to the plurality of (t + 1) th gain adjustment parameters, the second temperature change parameter and the target power of the ocean thermoelectric material testing device, generating a (t + 1) th temperature control power instruction at the (t + 1) th moment; and in response to the (t + 1) th temperature control instruction, outputting (t + 1) th temperature control power to perform temperature adjustment on the phase change material.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of material testing, and more specifically, to a method for testing ocean thermoelectric materials, a device for testing ocean thermoelectric materials, an electronic device, a computer-readable storage medium, and a computer program product. Background Art

[0002] As a renewable energy source with great potential, ocean thermal energy conversion mainly utilizes the principle of directly driving a generator through the deformation generated by phase change due to temperature difference. In this process, the phase change material is the key to realizing the phase change drive of thermal energy conversion.

[0003] A phase change material is a substance that can undergo a phase transition (such as from solid to liquid, or from liquid to solid) at a specific temperature. In an ocean thermal energy conversion system, these materials are designed to respond to the temperature changes of cold and warm seawater. When the phase change material is placed in deep seawater below its phase transition temperature, it will complete the solidification process and its volume will shrink; while when the phase change material is placed in surface seawater above the phase transition temperature, it will undergo the melting process and its volume will expand accordingly. This cyclic phase change caused by the alternating action of cold and warm seawater provides the power for the continuous operation of the ocean thermal energy conversion system.

[0004] When testing the phase change material, the related technology cannot accurately control the heating or cooling power of the ocean thermoelectric material testing device, resulting in over-regulation or lag regulation of the temperature of the phase change material, and ultimately the test results are not accurate enough. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present application provides a method for testing ocean thermoelectric materials, a device for testing ocean thermoelectric materials, an electronic device, a computer-readable storage medium, and a computer program product.

[0006] One aspect of the present application provides a material testing method applied to an ocean thermoelectric material testing device. The method includes:

[0007] Obtaining the t-th temperature parameter and a plurality of t-th gain adjustment parameters of the phase change material at the t-th moment, where t is an integer greater than or equal to 0;

[0008] Based on a predicted temperature change model, calculating the (t + 1)-th temperature parameter of the phase change material according to the t-th temperature parameter, where the predicted temperature change model is constructed according to the thermal hysteresis effect model, the non-linear response model, and the temperature time series control model of the phase change material. The thermal hysteresis effect model characterizes the correlation between the temperature change of the phase change material and the temperature control power, the non-linear response model characterizes the non-linear relationship between the temperature change and the temperature control time, and the temperature time series control model characterizes the relationship between the temperature change, the temperature control power, and the ambient temperature at different times;

[0009] For each gain adjustment parameter, calculate the (t + 1)-th gain adjustment parameter according to the first temperature change parameter and the above-mentioned t-th gain adjustment parameter, where the above-mentioned first temperature change parameter is determined according to the above-mentioned t-th temperature parameter and the preset temperature parameter;

[0010] Based on the temperature calibration model, generate the (t + 1)-th temperature control power command at the (t + 1)-th moment according to multiple above-mentioned (t + 1)-th gain adjustment parameters, the second temperature change parameter, and the target power of the above-mentioned ocean thermoelectric material testing device, where the above-mentioned second temperature change parameter is determined according to the above-mentioned preset temperature parameter and the (t + 1)-th temperature parameter;

[0011] Respond to the above-mentioned (t + 1)-th temperature control command to output the (t + 1)-th temperature control power to adjust the temperature of the above-mentioned phase change material.

[0012] According to the embodiments of the present application, the above-mentioned predicted temperature change model is generated in the following manner:

[0013] Construct the above-mentioned thermal hysteresis effect model according to the material parameters of the above-mentioned phase change material and the system parameters of the above-mentioned ocean thermoelectric material testing device, where the above-mentioned material parameters include mass parameters and specific heat capacity parameters, and the above-mentioned system parameters include heating power parameters and refrigeration power parameters;

[0014] Construct the above-mentioned temperature time series control model related to time according to the current temperature parameter, the above-mentioned system parameters, the ambient temperature parameter, the above-mentioned material parameters, and the thermal hysteresis parameter;

[0015] Construct the above-mentioned non-linear response model according to the power correction coefficient, the above-mentioned current temperature parameter, and multiple fitting coefficients, where the above-mentioned power correction coefficient characterizes the relationship between the expected power parameter and the actual power parameter of the above-mentioned ocean thermoelectric material testing device;

[0016] Perform a linear superposition process on the above-mentioned thermal hysteresis effect model, the above-mentioned temperature time series control model, and the above-mentioned non-linear response model to obtain the above-mentioned predicted temperature change model.

[0017] According to the embodiments of the present application, calculating the (t + 1)-th gain adjustment parameter according to the first temperature change parameter and the above-mentioned t-th gain adjustment parameter includes:

[0018] Generate the (t + 1)-th gain parameter at the (t + 1)-th moment according to the above-mentioned first temperature change parameter and the above-mentioned t-th gain adjustment parameter at the t-th moment;

[0019] Calculate the above-mentioned (t + 1)-th gain adjustment parameter according to the above-mentioned first temperature change parameter, the above-mentioned t-th gain adjustment parameter, and the above-mentioned (t + 1)-th gain parameter.

[0020] According to an embodiment of the present application, generating the (t + 1)-th gain parameter at the (t + 1)-th moment based on the above-mentioned first temperature change parameter and the above-mentioned (t)-th gain adjustment parameter at the t-th moment includes:

[0021] Generating the t-th prediction error parameter based on the t-th gain parameter at the t-th moment and the above-mentioned first temperature change parameter;

[0022] Generating the above-mentioned (t + 1)-th gain parameter based on the above-mentioned t-th prediction error parameter and forgetting factor.

[0023] According to an embodiment of the present application, generating the t-th prediction error parameter based on the t-th gain parameter at the t-th moment and the above-mentioned first temperature change parameter includes:

[0024] Generating the t-th regressor parameter at the t-th moment based on the above-mentioned t-th gain adjustment parameter and the above-mentioned first temperature change parameter;

[0025] Generating the above-mentioned t-th prediction error parameter at the t-th moment based on the above-mentioned t-th regressor parameter, the above-mentioned t-th gain parameter, and the above-mentioned first temperature change parameter.

[0026] According to an embodiment of the present application, generating the above-mentioned (t + 1)-th gain parameter based on the above-mentioned t-th prediction error parameter and forgetting factor includes:

[0027] Calculating the t-th gain calculation parameter at the t-th moment based on the t-th covariance parameter at the t-th moment, the above-mentioned t-th regressor parameter, and the above-mentioned forgetting factor;

[0028] Updating the above-mentioned t-th covariance parameter based on the above-mentioned t-th gain calculation parameter and the above-mentioned t-th regressor parameter to obtain the (t + 1)-th covariance parameter;

[0029] Generating the above-mentioned (t + 1)-th gain parameter based on the t-th gain parameter at the t-th moment, the above-mentioned t-th gain calculation parameter, and the t-th prediction error parameter.

[0030] According to an embodiment of the present application, based on a temperature calibration model, generating the (t + 1)-th temperature control power command at the (t + 1)-th moment based on multiple above-mentioned (t + 1)-th gain adjustment parameters, a second temperature change parameter, and the target power of the above-mentioned ocean thermoelectric material testing device includes:

[0031] Substituting multiple above-mentioned (t + 1)-th gain adjustment parameters and the above-mentioned second temperature change parameter into the above-mentioned temperature calibration model to obtain a predicted power value;

[0032] Generating the above-mentioned (t + 1)-th temperature control power command based on the above-mentioned predicted power value and the above-mentioned target power.

[0033] According to an embodiment of the present application, generating the temperature control power command for the (t + 1)-th time based on the predicted power value and the target power includes:

[0034] When the predicted power value is greater than the target power, generating a temperature control power command for the (t + 1)-th time corresponding to the target power;

[0035] When the predicted power value is not greater than the target power, generating a temperature control power command for the (t + 1)-th time corresponding to the predicted power value.

[0036] Another aspect of the present application provides an ocean thermal energy conversion material testing device, including:

[0037] A water bath tank, in which a containing cavity is formed, and a heat exchange medium is filled in the containing cavity;

[0038] A shell-and-tube heat exchanger, installed in the containing cavity, and a phase change material is placed in the shell-and-tube heat exchanger;

[0039] A temperature adjustment mechanism, installed on the wall of the water bath tank;

[0040] A temperature sensor, installed in the water bath tank;

[0041] A water temperature controller, configured to execute the above-mentioned material testing method to adjust the temperature of the heat exchange medium through the temperature adjustment mechanism, so as to control the temperature of the phase change material.

[0042] According to an embodiment of the present application, the temperature adjustment mechanism includes:

[0043] A heating pipe, spirally arranged on the shell-and-tube heat exchanger;

[0044] A thermoelectric cooler, installed on the wall of the water bath tank.

[0045] Another aspect of the present application provides an electronic device, including:

[0046] One or more processors;

[0047] A memory, configured to store one or more programs,

[0048] wherein, when the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the one or more processors are caused to implement the method as described above.

[0049] Another aspect of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, storing computer-executable instructions, and the instructions are used to implement the method as described above when executed.

[0050] Another aspect of the present application provides a computer program product, which includes computer-executable instructions that, when executed, are used to implement the method described above.

[0051] According to an embodiment of the present application, when testing a phase change material using an ocean thermoelectric material testing device, the t-th temperature parameter and a plurality of t-th gain adjustment parameters of the phase change material are detected in real time. The t-th temperature parameter and the plurality of t-th gain adjustment parameters are substituted into a predicted temperature change model constructed based on the thermal hysteresis effect model, the non-linear response model, and the temperature time series control model of the phase change material to predict the (t + 1)-th temperature parameter of the phase change material. At the same time, each (t + 1)-th gain adjustment parameter is calculated according to the first temperature change parameter and the t-th gain adjustment parameter. The temperature calibration model is used to generate the (t + 1)-th temperature control power command at the (t + 1)-th moment based on the plurality of (t + 1)-th gain adjustment parameters, the second temperature change parameter, and the target power of the ocean thermoelectric material testing device. Thus, the ocean thermoelectric material testing device responds to the (t + 1)-th temperature control command and outputs the (t + 1)-th temperature control power to adjust the temperature of the phase change material. Since the predicted temperature change model comprehensively considers temperature changes, temperature control power, temperature control time, and ambient temperature, the temperature control power of the ocean thermoelectric material testing device at the next moment can be accurately predicted, thereby improving the temperature control accuracy of the phase change material and avoiding the problem of inaccurate testing of the phase change material caused by over-regulation or lag regulation of the temperature. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0052] Through the following description of the embodiments of the present application with reference to the drawings, the above and other objects, features, and advantages of the present application will become clearer. In the drawings:

[0053] Figure 1 The flowchart of the ocean thermoelectric material testing method according to an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0054] Figure 2 The flowchart of generating the (t + 1)-th gain parameter according to an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0055] Figure 3 The top view schematic diagram of the ocean thermoelectric material testing device according to an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0056] Figure 4 The three-dimensional schematic diagram of the ocean thermoelectric material testing device according to an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0057] Figure 5 The structural schematic diagram of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0058] Figure 6A block diagram of an electronic device suitable for implementing the method described above according to an embodiment of the present application is shown. Detailed implementation manners

[0059] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present application will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, it should be understood that these descriptions are merely exemplary and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application. In the following detailed description, for the sake of explanation, many specific details are set forth in order to provide a comprehensive understanding of the embodiments of the present application. However, obviously, one or more embodiments may also be implemented without these specific details. In addition, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and technologies are omitted to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the concepts of the present application.

[0060] The terms used herein are merely for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present application. The terms "including", "comprising", etc. used herein indicate the presence of the described features, steps, operations, and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, or components.

[0061] All terms used herein (including technical and scientific terms) have the meanings commonly understood by those skilled in the art, unless otherwise defined. It should be noted that the terms used herein should be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with the context of this specification and should not be interpreted in an idealized or overly rigid manner.

[0062] In the case of using expressions such as "at least one of A, B, and C, etc.", generally, it should be interpreted according to the meaning commonly understood by those skilled in the art (for example, "a system having at least one of A, B, and C" should include, but is not limited to, a system having only A, only B, only C, having A and B, having A and C, having B and C, and / or having A, B, and C, etc.).

[0063] In an ocean thermal energy conversion device, the stability of the phase change material is the main index determining whether the device can operate continuously. As the number of thermal cycles of the phase change material increases, its physical and chemical properties and reliability will change, and the latent heat of phase change may also decay. Therefore, it is necessary to test the cyclic stability of the phase change material. Evaluating the cyclic stability of the phase change material is to analyze the changes in performance parameters of the phase change material after multiple melting-solidification processes through experimental means. The main parameters include the attenuation degree of the latent heat value and the changes in the phase change temperature and supercooling degree, etc. The method of cyclic stability testing is mainly the manual method, which requires experimental personnel to manually adjust the heating or cooling power of the test sample for the ocean thermoelectric material testing device. This method is not only time-consuming and laborious, but also has potential safety hazards.

[0064] In view of this, embodiments of the present application provide a method and a device for testing ocean thermoelectric materials. The method includes obtaining the t-th temperature parameter and a plurality of t-th gain adjustment parameters of the phase change material at the t-th moment; based on a predicted temperature change model, calculating the (t + 1)-th temperature parameter of the phase change material according to the t-th temperature parameter, where the predicted temperature change model is constructed based on the thermal hysteresis effect model, the non-linear response model, and the temperature time sequence control model of the phase change material. The thermal hysteresis effect model characterizes the correlation between the temperature change of the phase change material and the temperature control power, the non-linear response model characterizes the non-linear relationship between the temperature change and the temperature control time, and the temperature time sequence control model characterizes the relationship between the temperature change, the temperature control power, and the ambient temperature at different times; for each gain adjustment parameter, calculating the (t + 1)-th gain adjustment parameter according to the first temperature change parameter and the t-th gain adjustment parameter, where the first temperature change parameter is determined according to the t-th temperature parameter and a preset temperature parameter; based on a temperature calibration model, generating a (t + 1)-th temperature control power command at the (t + 1)-th moment according to a plurality of (t + 1)-th gain adjustment parameters, a second temperature change parameter, and the target power of the ocean thermoelectric material testing device, where the second temperature change parameter is determined according to the preset temperature parameter and the (t + 1)-th temperature parameter; and responding to the (t + 1)-th temperature control command to output the (t + 1)-th temperature control power to adjust the temperature of the phase change material.

[0065] In the embodiments of the present application, in aspects such as the collection, update, analysis, processing, use, transmission, provision, disclosure, storage, etc. of the data involved (for example, including but not limited to user personal information), they all comply with the provisions of relevant laws and regulations, are used for legal purposes, and do not violate public order and good customs. In particular, necessary measures are taken for user personal information to prevent illegal access to user personal information data and to maintain the security of user personal information and network security.

[0066] Figure 1 The flowchart of the method for testing ocean thermoelectric materials according to an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0067] As Figure 1 shown, the method for testing ocean thermoelectric materials applied to an ocean thermoelectric material testing device includes operations S101 to S105.

[0068] In operation S101, obtain the t-th temperature parameter and a plurality of t-th gain adjustment parameters of the phase change material at the t-th moment, where t is an integer greater than or equal to 0.

[0069] In operation S102, based on the predicted temperature change model, the (t + 1)-th temperature parameter of the phase change material is calculated according to the t-th temperature parameter, where the predicted temperature change model is constructed based on the thermal hysteresis effect model, the non-linear response model, and the temperature time sequence control model of the phase change material. The thermal hysteresis effect model characterizes the correlation between the temperature change of the phase change material and the temperature control power. The non-linear response model characterizes the non-linear relationship between the temperature change and the temperature control time. The temperature time sequence control model characterizes the relationship between the temperature change, the temperature control power, and the ambient temperature at different times.

[0070] In operation S103, for each gain adjustment parameter, the (t + 1)-th gain adjustment parameter is calculated according to the first temperature change parameter and the t-th gain adjustment parameter, where the first temperature change parameter is determined according to the t-th temperature parameter and the preset temperature parameter.

[0071] In operation S104, based on the temperature calibration model, the (t + 1)-th temperature control power command at the (t + 1)-th moment is generated according to multiple (t + 1)-th gain adjustment parameters, the second temperature change parameter, and the target power of the ocean thermoelectric material testing device, where the second temperature change parameter is determined according to the preset temperature parameter and the (t + 1)-th temperature parameter.

[0072] In operation S105, the (t + 1)-th temperature control power is output in response to the (t + 1)-th temperature control command to adjust the temperature of the phase change material.

[0073] According to the embodiments of the present application, the types of phase change materials tested by the ocean thermoelectric material testing device can be specifically set according to actual needs. For example, it can be n-hexadecane that is liquid at room temperature.

[0074] According to the embodiments of the present application, when the ocean thermoelectric material testing device tests n-hexadecane, the t-th temperature parameter of the phase change material at the t-th moment can be detected by a temperature sensor in the ocean thermoelectric material testing device. And multiple t-th gain adjustment parameters of the temperature calibration model at the t-th moment, such as the proportional gain parameter 、the integral gain parameter 、the derivative gain parameter . Among them, the proportional gain parameter represents the response intensity of the water temperature controller to the temperature deviation when adjusting the heating and cooling power. The integral gain parameter represents the cumulative response intensity of the water temperature controller to the historical temperature deviation. The derivative gain parameter represents the response intensity of the water temperature controller to the temperature change rate.

[0075] According to the embodiments of the present application, the t-th temperature parameter at the t-th moment Substitute multiple t-th gain adjustment parameters into the predicted temperature change model constructed from the thermal hysteresis effect model, the non-linear response model, and the temperature time series control model, and the (t + 1)-th temperature parameter of the phase change material at the (t + 1)-th moment can be predicted. At the same time, calculate the first temperature change parameter according to the t-th temperature parameter and the (t + 1)-th temperature parameter. . For each type of gain adjustment parameter, according to this first temperature change parameter and the t-th gain adjustment parameter, calculate the (t + 1)-th gain adjustment parameter at the (t + 1)-th moment.

[0076] According to the embodiments of the present application, substitute the calculated multiple (t + 1)-th gain adjustment parameters and the second temperature change parameter into the temperature calibration model, and combine with the target power of the ocean thermoelectric material testing device , to generate the (t + 1)-th temperature control power instruction at the (t + 1)-th moment, where the target power can be the maximum temperature regulation power of the ocean thermoelectric material testing device, such as the maximum heating power and the maximum cooling power. For example, if the predicted power corresponding to the calculated (t + 1)-th temperature control power instruction is greater than the target power, the predicted power can be adjusted to the target power at this time; if it is not greater than the target power, the calculated predicted power can be used. The temperature calibration model refers to the proportional-integral-derivative control model.

[0077] According to the embodiments of the present application, the ocean thermoelectric material testing device outputs the (t + 1)-th temperature control power according to the (t + 1)-th temperature control power instruction, so as to accurately regulate the temperature of the phase change material.

[0078] According to an embodiment of the present application, when testing a phase change material using a marine thermoelectric material testing device, the t-th temperature parameter and a plurality of t-th gain adjustment parameters of the phase change material are detected in real time. The t-th temperature parameter and the plurality of t-th gain adjustment parameters are substituted into a predicted temperature change model constructed based on the thermal hysteresis effect model, the non-linear response model, and the temperature time series control model of the phase change material to predict the (t + 1)-th temperature parameter of the phase change material. At the same time, each (t + 1)-th gain adjustment parameter is calculated according to the first temperature change parameter and the t-th gain adjustment parameter. The temperature calibration model is used to generate the (t + 1)-th temperature control power command at the (t + 1)-th moment according to the plurality of (t + 1)-th gain adjustment parameters, the first temperature change parameter, and the target power of the marine thermoelectric material testing device. Thus, the marine thermoelectric material testing device responds to the (t + 1)-th temperature control command to output the (t + 1)-th temperature control power to adjust the temperature of the phase change material. Since the predicted temperature change model comprehensively considers temperature change, temperature control power, temperature control time, and ambient temperature, the temperature control power of the marine thermoelectric material testing device at the next moment can be accurately predicted, thereby improving the temperature control accuracy of the phase change material and avoiding the problem of inaccurate testing of the phase change material caused by over-regulation or lag regulation of the temperature.

[0079] According to an embodiment of the present application, the predicted temperature change model is generated in the following manner: Based on the material parameters of the phase change material and the system parameters of the marine thermoelectric material testing device, a thermal hysteresis effect model is constructed, where the material parameters include a mass parameter and a specific heat capacity parameter, and the system parameters include a heating power parameter and a cooling power parameter; a temperature time series control model related to time is constructed according to the current temperature parameter, the system parameters, the ambient temperature parameter, the material parameters, and the thermal hysteresis parameters; a non-linear response model is constructed according to a power correction coefficient, the current temperature parameter, and a plurality of fitting coefficients, where the power correction coefficient characterizes the relationship between the expected power parameter and the actual power parameter of the marine thermoelectric material testing device; and linear superposition processing is performed on the thermal hysteresis effect model, the temperature time series control model, and the non-linear response model to obtain the predicted temperature change model.

[0080] According to an embodiment of the present application, due to the existence of the thermal hysteresis effect, the temperature change is not only affected by the current power but also by the cumulative effect of past powers. By modeling the thermal hysteresis of the marine thermoelectric material testing device, the change trend of the temperature can be predicted. To reduce over-regulation or lag phenomena, pre-compensation is necessary. Especially when approaching the phase change point, the water temperature controller needs to adjust the power in advance according to the previous temperature change.

[0081] According to an embodiment of the present application, let the curve of the temperature change of the phase change material with respect to time t be T and its variation is related to the heating power parameter P(t) and the cooling power parameter Q(t). Thus, according to material parameters such as the mass parameter m and the specific heat capacity parameter C of the phase change material, and system parameters including the heating power parameter P(t) and the refrigeration power parameter Q(t), a thermal hysteresis effect model as shown in formula (1) can be generated:

[0082] (1)

[0083] According to an embodiment of the present application, the temperature prediction during the test of the phase change material can be optimized by a recursive method, that is, predicting the temperature change according to the current heating or cooling power within the time step Assuming that the current temperature parameter is known, through the time sequence control algorithm, the predicted value of the temperature can be calculated using a feedforward plus feedback temperature time sequence control model, and the temperature time sequence control model is as shown in formula (2):

[0084] (2)

[0085] wherein, P(t) is the heating power parameter, Q(t) is the cooling power parameter, m is the mass parameter of the phase change material, C is the specific heat capacity parameter of the material, is the ambient temperature parameter of the outside world, and α is the thermal hysteresis factor, that is, the thermal hysteresis parameter, representing the heat conduction characteristics of the phase change material.

[0086] According to an embodiment of the present application, during the phase change test, the temperature change of the phase change material usually exhibits non-linear characteristics. Especially near the phase change point, especially when the material is close to the melting or freezing point, the rate of temperature change is usually affected by its own physical properties, such as factors like latent heat of phase change, specific heat capacity, thermal conductivity, etc., and the temperature change often shows a non-linear relationship. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a non-linear response model between temperature and time to accurately describe the temperature change law of the material and avoid inaccurate regulation caused by an overly simplified linear model.

[0087] According to an embodiment of the present application, through the fitting of experimental data, a non-linear response model between temperature and time is established, as shown in formula (3), so that the future temperature change can be predicted according to the current temperature within each phase change cycle. Through this prediction, the heating or cooling power can be adjusted in advance to avoid problems such as over-regulation or lag.

[0088]

[0089] (3)

[0090] wherein, and represent fitting coefficients, is the current temperature parameter, represents the actual power parameter of the ocean thermal energy conversion material testing device at the current moment, represents the experimental reference power.

[0091] According to an embodiment of the present application, a linear superposition process is performed on the thermal hysteresis effect model, the temperature time series control model, and the non-linear response model to obtain a predicted temperature change model as shown in formula (4):

[0092] (4)

[0093] wherein, when heating the phase change material, , when cooling the phase change material, . According to the calculation of formula (4) Combined with the t-th temperature parameter at the t-th moment, the (t + 1)-th temperature parameter can be obtained.

[0094] According to an embodiment of the present application, according to the first temperature change parameter and the t-th gain adjustment parameter, calculate the (t + 1)-th gain adjustment parameter, including: generating the (t + 1)-th gain parameter at the (t + 1)-th moment according to the first temperature change parameter and the t-th gain adjustment parameter at the t-th moment; calculating the (t + 1)-th gain adjustment parameter according to the first temperature change parameter, the t-th gain adjustment parameter, and the (t + 1)-th gain parameter.

[0095] According to an embodiment of the present application, according to the first temperature change parameter at the t-th moment and the t-th gain adjustment parameter (such as , , ), generate the (t + 1)-th gain parameter at the (t + 1)-th moment, such as , and .

[0096] According to an embodiment of the present application, according to the first temperature change parameter and the t-th gain adjustment parameter and the (t + 1)-th gain parameter, calculate the (t + 1)-th gain adjustment parameter. For example, according to the first temperature change parameter , the proportional gain parameter and , calculate the (t + 1)-th gain adjustment parameter corresponding to the proportional gain, as shown in formula (5):

[0097]

[0098]

[0099] (5)

[0100] According to an embodiment of the present application, with reference to the calculation method of the proportional gain, the (t + 1)-th gain adjustment parameter corresponding to the integral gain can be calculated and the (t + 1)-th gain adjustment parameter corresponding to the derivative gain , as shown in formula (5).

[0101] According to an embodiment of the present application, based on the first temperature change parameter and the t-th gain adjustment parameter at the t-th moment, the (t + 1)-th gain parameter at the (t + 1)-th moment is generated, including: generating the t-th prediction error parameter according to the t-th gain parameter and the first temperature change parameter at the t-th moment; generating the (t + 1)-th gain parameter according to the t-th prediction error parameter and the forgetting factor

[0102] According to an embodiment of the present application, the calculation methods for calculating the (t + 1)-th gain parameter in the proportional gain, integral gain, and derivative gain are the same. In this embodiment, the calculation of the (t + 1)-th gain parameter of the proportional gain is used as an example for illustration

[0103] According to an embodiment of the present application, for the proportional gain, based on the t-th gain parameter and the first temperature change parameter , the t-th prediction error parameter is generated , and based on the t-th prediction error parameter , the forgetting factor , the (t + 1)-th gain parameter is generated . Similarly, the t-th prediction error parameters corresponding to the integral gain and derivative gain can be calculated , .

[0104] According to an embodiment of the present application, based on the t-th gain parameter and the first temperature change parameter at the t-th moment, the t-th prediction error parameter is generated, including: generating the t-th regression quantity parameter at the t-th moment according to the t-th gain adjustment parameter and the first temperature change parameter; generating the t-th prediction error parameter at the t-th moment according to the t-th regression quantity parameter, the t-th gain parameter, and the first temperature change parameter

[0105] According to an embodiment of the present application, for the proportional gain, based on the t-th gain adjustment parameter and the first temperature change parameter , the t-th regression quantity parameter at the t-th moment is generated . Similarly, the t-th regression quantity parameters corresponding to the integral gain and derivative gain can be calculated , , as shown in formula (6):

[0106]

[0107]

[0108] (6)

[0109] According to an embodiment of the present application, based on the t-th regression parameter , the t-th gain parameter and the first temperature change parameter , the t-th prediction error parameter at the t-th moment is generated . Similarly, the t-th prediction error parameters corresponding to the integral gain and the differential gain can be calculated , , as shown in formula (7):

[0110]

[0111]

[0112] (7)

[0113] Wherein, , , are the gain parameters at the t-th moment , , .

[0114] Figure 2 shows the generation flow chart of the (t + 1)-th gain parameter according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0115] According to an embodiment of the present application, as Figure 2 shown, based on the t-th prediction error parameter and the forgetting factor, the (t + 1)-th gain parameter is generated, including operations S201 to S203:

[0116] In operation S201, based on the t-th covariance parameter, the t-th regression parameter, and the forgetting factor at the t-th moment, the t-th gain calculation parameter at the t-th moment is calculated.

[0117] In operation S202, the t-th covariance parameter is updated based on the t-th gain calculation parameter and the t-th regression parameter to obtain the (t + 1)-th covariance parameter.

[0118] In operation S203, based on the t-th gain parameter, the t-th gain calculation parameter, and the t-th prediction error parameter at the t-th moment, the (t + 1)-th gain parameter is generated.

[0119] According to an embodiment of the present application, for the proportional gain, based on the t-th covariance parameter , the t-th regression parameter , and the forgetting factor , calculate the t-th gain calculation parameter at the t-th moment ), similarly, the t-th gain calculation parameters corresponding to the integral gain and the differential gain can be calculated 、 , as shown in formula (8):

[0120]

[0121]

[0122] (8)

[0123] According to the embodiment of the present application, based on the t-th gain calculation parameter and the t-th regression quantity parameter perform an update process on the t-th covariance parameter to obtain the (t + 1)-th covariance parameter , similarly, the (t + 1)-th covariance parameters corresponding to the integral gain and the differential gain can be calculated 、 , as shown in formula (9):

[0124]

[0125]

[0126] (9)

[0127] According to the embodiment of the present application, according to the t-th gain parameter at the t-th moment , the t-th gain calculation parameter and the t-th prediction error parameter , generate the (t + 1)-th gain parameter , similarly, the (t + 1)-th gain parameters corresponding to the integral gain and the differential gain can be calculated 、 , as shown in formula (10):

[0128]

[0129]

[0130] (10)

[0131] According to the embodiment of the present application, based on the temperature calibration model (PID), according to a plurality of (t + 1)-th gain adjustment parameters, the second temperature change parameter, and the target power of the ocean thermoelectric material testing device (the target power during heating is , the target power during refrigeration is ), generate the temperature control power command at the (t + 1)-th moment, including: substituting a plurality of (t + 1)-th gain adjustment parameters and the second temperature change parameter into the temperature calibration model to obtain a predicted power value; generating the temperature control power command at the (t + 1)-th moment according to the predicted power value and the target power.

[0132] According to an embodiment of the present application, substituting a plurality of (t + 1)-th gain adjustment parameters , , and the second temperature change parameter into the temperature calibration model shown in formula (11), the predicted power value can be obtained :

[0133] (11)

[0134] wherein, is the actual power of the ocean thermal energy conversion material testing device at the t-th moment.

[0135] According to an embodiment of the present application, generating the temperature control power command at the (t + 1)-th moment according to the predicted power value and the target power includes: generating the temperature control power command at the (t + 1)-th moment corresponding to the target power when the predicted power value is greater than the target power; generating the temperature control power command at the (t + 1)-th moment corresponding to the predicted power value when the predicted power value is not greater than the target power.

[0136] According to an embodiment of the present application, if the predicted power value is less than or equal to the target power , that is , generating the temperature control power command at the (t + 1)-th moment according to the predicted power value, and if the predicted power value is greater than the target power , then generating the temperature control power command at the (t + 1)-th moment according to the target power .

[0137] In a specific embodiment, when testing a phase change material using an ocean thermal energy conversion material testing device, if it is necessary to heat a phase change material with an environmental temperature parameter of 20 °C to 30 °C (preset temperature parameter), set the 0-th gain parameter , the 0-th covariance parameter , forgetting factor , the 0-th gain adjustment parameter in the temperature calibration model PID , , , mass parameter m = 0.5 kg, specific heat capacity parameter C = 2000 (J / kg·°C), the thermal hysteresis parameter of the phase change material , initial heating power = 1500 W, the non-linear fitting coefficient obtained by experimental fitting , .

[0138] According to an embodiment of the present application, substituting the above parameters into the predicted temperature change model shown in Formula (4), the first temperature parameter at the first moment can be obtained , as shown in Formula (12):

[0139]

[0140] = 20 + 1.9 = 21.9 °C (12)

[0141] wherein, in Formula (12), that is, in Formula (4) when heating.

[0142] According to an embodiment of the present application, at this time, the first temperature change parameter , and according to Formulas (5) to (10), the gain adjustment parameters at the first moment can be calculated , , , that is, , , :

[0143]

[0144]

[0145]

[0146] According to an embodiment of the present application, substituting , , into the temperature calibration model of Formula (11), the predicted power value can be obtained.

[0147] According to an embodiment of the present application, assuming , since , then according to generate the first temperature control power instruction. If (1) > , set (1) = , thereby generating the first temperature control power instruction.

[0148] In another specific embodiment, assume that the current temperature of the phase change material is T(0) = 30 °C, and set the cooling temperature = 5 °C, that is, the preset temperature parameter, and the zero-th gain parameter at the zero-th moment , the 0th covariance parameter , forgetting factor , the 0th gain adjustment parameter in the temperature calibration model PID , , , mass parameter m = 0.5 kg, specific heat capacity parameter C = 2000 (J / kg·°C), thermal hysteresis parameter of the phase change material , initial refrigeration power , experimentally fitted non-linear fitting coefficient , .

[0149] According to the embodiments of the present application, substituting the above parameters into the predicted temperature change model shown in formula (4), the 1st temperature parameter at the 1st moment can be obtained , as shown in formula (16):

[0150]

[0151] (16)

[0152] Among them, in formula (16) is in formula (4) when refrigerating.

[0153] According to the embodiments of the present application, at this time, the first temperature change parameter , and the gain adjustment parameters at the 1st moment can be calculated according to formulas (5) to (10) , , , that is, , , in formulas (17) to (19):

[0154]

[0155]

[0156]

[0157] According to the embodiments of the present application, substituting , , into the temperature calibration model of formula (11), the predicted power value can be obtained.

[0158] According to the embodiments of the present application, assuming , since , then according to generate the 1st temperature control power command. If > Set = , thereby generating the first temperature control power command.

[0159] Figure 3 Fig. 1 shows a top view schematic diagram of a ocean thermal energy conversion material testing device according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 4 Fig. 2 shows a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a ocean thermal energy conversion material testing device according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 5 Fig. 3 shows a structural schematic diagram of a shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0160] As Figures 3 to 5 shown, the ocean thermal energy conversion material testing device includes a water bath tank 100, a shell-and-tube heat exchanger 200, a temperature adjustment mechanism 300, a temperature sensor 400, and a water temperature controller 500. A receiving cavity is formed in the water bath tank 100, and a heat exchange medium is filled in the receiving cavity; the shell-and-tube heat exchanger 200 is installed in the receiving cavity, and a phase change material is placed in the shell-and-tube heat exchanger 200; the temperature adjustment mechanism 300 is installed on the wall of the water bath tank 100; the temperature sensor 400 is installed in the water bath tank 100; the water temperature controller 500 is configured to execute the above-mentioned material testing method to adjust the temperature of the heat exchange medium through the temperature adjustment mechanism 300, so as to realize the temperature control of the phase change material.

[0161] In a specific embodiment, a closable aluminum alloy tube can be used as the shell-and-tube heat exchanger 200. The shell-and-tube heat exchanger 200 is a cylindrical structure with a height of 1200 mm and an outer diameter of 60 mm, and contains 24 liters of the phase change material n-hexadecane which is liquid at room temperature of 20°C. A water bath tank 100 with a length, width and height of 135 mm, 1300 mm and 10 mm respectively is used. The shell-and-tube heat exchanger 200 containing the phase change material is placed in the receiving cavity of the water bath tank 1002, and about 3 L of water is added to the receiving cavity to completely submerge the closed shell-and-tube heat exchanger 200. The water bath makes the shell-and-tube heat exchanger 200 uniformly heated or cooled. The water bath tank 100 is sealed with a cover. The temperature sensor 400 passes through the cover of the water bath tank 100 and is fixed in the receiving cavity by a limiting member. The distance between the temperature sensor 400 and the shell-and-tube heat exchanger 200 is adjusted to 25 mm, and the temperature sensor 400 is connected to the water temperature controller 500 outside the water bath tank 100 through an insulated wire.

[0162] According to an embodiment of the present application, the connection between the top of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger 200 and the heat exchanger cover is opened to connect the inside of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger 200 to the outside. Prepare sufficient phase change material to be tested, make the phase change material in a liquid state by means of ambient temperature or external heating and place it in a container, pour the phase change material in the container into the shell-and-tube heat exchanger 200 through the top opening of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger 200, and close the connection between the top of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger 200 and the heat exchanger cover to seal the shell-and-tube heat exchanger 200.

[0163] According to an embodiment of the present application, the shell-and-tube heat exchanger 200 is vertically placed in the accommodation cavity of the water bath tank 100, about 3 L of water is added to the accommodation cavity to completely submerge the closed shell-and-tube heat exchanger 200, the water bath tank 100 is sealed with the cover of the water bath tank 100, the temperature sensor 400 is passed through the cover of the water bath tank 100, the position of the temperature sensor 400 in the accommodation cavity is fixed by a limiting member, and the temperature sensor 400 is connected to the water temperature controller 500 through an insulating wire.

[0164] According to an embodiment of the present application, the water temperature controller 500 controls the temperature adjustment mechanism 300 to heat or cool the water bath in the accommodation cavity and measures the temperature in real time based on the material testing method of the embodiment of the present application. When the temperature value reaches the set target temperature, heating or cooling is stopped, and at the same time, the power of the temperature adjustment mechanism 300 is reduced to make the change of the water bath temperature value measured by the temperature sensor 400 tend to be stable.

[0165] According to an embodiment of the present application, when testing the phase change material by using the ocean thermoelectric material testing device, the t-th temperature parameter and a plurality of t-th gain adjustment parameters of the phase change material are detected in real time, the t-th temperature parameter and the plurality of t-th gain adjustment parameters are substituted into the predicted temperature change model constructed according to the thermal hysteresis effect model, non-linear response model and temperature time series control model of the phase change material to predict the (t + 1)-th temperature parameter of the phase change material. At the same time, each (t + 1)-th gain adjustment parameter is calculated according to the first temperature change parameter and the t-th gain adjustment parameter, and the (t + 1)-th temperature control power command at the (t + 1)-th moment is generated by using the temperature calibration model according to the plurality of (t + 1)-th gain adjustment parameters, the second temperature change parameter and the target power of the ocean thermoelectric material testing device. Thus, the ocean thermoelectric material testing device responds to the (t + 1)-th temperature control command to output the (t + 1)-th temperature control power to adjust the temperature of the phase change material. Since the predicted temperature change model comprehensively considers temperature change, temperature control power, temperature control time and ambient temperature, the temperature control power of the ocean thermoelectric material testing device at the next moment can be accurately predicted, thereby improving the temperature control accuracy of the phase change material and avoiding the problem of inaccurate testing of the phase change material caused by over-regulation or lag regulation of temperature.

[0166] According to an embodiment of the present application, seeFigure 4 and Figure 5 The temperature adjustment mechanism 300 includes a heating tube 310 and a Peltier device 320. The heating tube 310 is spirally arranged on the shell-and-tube heat exchanger 200; the Peltier device 320 is installed on the wall of the water bath tank 100.

[0167] In a specific embodiment, when heating the phase change material, when the temperature sensor 400 detects that the water bath temperature is greater than or equal to 18°C, the water temperature controller 500 starts the heating tube 310 to heat the water in the accommodation cavity and measures the temperature in real time. When the temperature value reaches the set target temperature of 30°C, the heating stops, and the power of the heating tube 310 is reduced to make the change of the water bath temperature value measured by the temperature sensor 400 tend to be stable.

[0168] In another specific embodiment, when cooling the phase change material, the temperature sensor 400 starts the chip cooler to cool the water in the accommodation cavity and measures the temperature in real time. When the temperature value reaches the set target temperature of 5°C, the power of the chip cooler is reduced to make the change of the water bath temperature value measured by the temperature sensor 400 tend to be stable.

[0169] Figure 6 The block diagram of the electronic device suitable for implementing the method described above according to the embodiment of the present application is shown. Figure 6 The electronic device shown is only an example and should not bring any limitation to the functions and usage scope of the embodiments of the present application.

[0170] As Figure 6 shown, the electronic device 600 according to the embodiment of the present application may be the above-mentioned water temperature controller. The electronic device 600 includes a processor 601, which can perform various appropriate actions and processes according to the program stored in the read-only memory 602 or the program loaded from the storage section 608 into the random access memory 603. The processor 601 may include, for example, a general microprocessor (such as a CPU), an instruction set processor, and / or a related chipset, and / or a dedicated microprocessor (such as an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC)), and so on. The processor 601 may also include on-board memory for caching purposes. The processor 601 may include a single processing unit or multiple processing units for performing different actions of the method flow according to the embodiment of the present application.

[0171] In the random access memory 603, various programs and data required for the operation of the electronic device 600 are stored. The processor 601, the read-only memory 602, and the random access memory 603 are connected to each other via a bus 604. The processor 601 performs various operations of the method flow according to the embodiments of the present application by executing the programs in the read-only memory 602 and / or the random access memory 603. It should be noted that the programs may also be stored in one or more memories other than the read-only memory 602 and the random access memory 603. The processor 601 may also perform various operations of the method flow according to the embodiments of the present application by executing the programs stored in the one or more memories.

[0172] According to an embodiment of the present application, the electronic device 600 may further include an input / output (I / O) interface 605, and the input / output (I / O) interface 605 is also connected to the bus 604. The electronic device 600 may further include one or more of the following components connected to the input / output (I / O) interface 605: an input portion 606 including a keyboard, a mouse, etc.; an output portion 607 including, for example, a cathode ray tube (CRT), a liquid crystal display (LCD), etc. and a speaker, etc.; a storage portion 608 including a hard disk, etc.; and a communication portion 609 including a network interface card such as a LAN card, a modem, etc. The communication portion 609 performs communication processing via a network such as the Internet. A drive 610 is also connected to the input / output (I / O) interface 605 as needed. A removable medium 611, such as a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a magneto-optical disk, a semiconductor memory, etc., is installed on the drive 610 as needed so that a computer program read therefrom can be installed into the storage portion 608 as needed.

[0173] According to an embodiment of the present application, the method flow according to the embodiments of the present application may be implemented as a computer software program. For example, an embodiment of the present application includes a computer program product, which includes a computer program carried on a computer-readable storage medium, and the computer program includes program codes for performing the method shown in the flowchart. In such an embodiment, the computer program may be downloaded and installed from a network via the communication portion 609, and / or installed from the removable medium 611. When the computer program is executed by the processor 601, the above functions defined in the system according to the embodiments of the present application are performed. According to an embodiment of the present application, the systems, devices, apparatuses, modules, units, etc. described above may be implemented by computer program modules.

[0174] The present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium, which may be included in the device / apparatus / system described in the above embodiments; or may exist independently without being assembled into the device / apparatus / system. The above computer-readable storage medium carries one or more programs, and when the one or more programs are executed, the method according to the embodiments of the present application is implemented.

[0175] According to an embodiment of the present application, the computer-readable storage medium may be a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium. For example, it may include but is not limited to: portable computer disks, hard disks, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), optical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, or any suitable combination of the above. In the present application, the computer-readable storage medium may be any tangible medium that contains or stores a program, and this program can be used by or in combination with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.

[0176] For example, according to an embodiment of the present application, the computer-readable storage medium may include the read-only memory 602 and / or the random access memory 603 described above and / or one or more memories other than the read-only memory 602 and / or the random access memory 603.

[0177] Embodiments of the present application also include a computer program product, which includes a computer program. The computer program contains program code for executing the method provided by the embodiments of the present application. When the computer program product runs on an electronic device, the program code is used to cause the electronic device to implement the method provided by the embodiments of the present application.

[0178] When the computer program is executed by the processor 601, the above functions defined in the system / apparatus of the embodiments of the present application are executed. According to an embodiment of the present application, the above-described systems, apparatuses, modules, units, etc. may be implemented by computer program modules.

[0179] In one embodiment, the computer program may rely on tangible storage media such as optical storage devices and magnetic storage devices. In another embodiment, the computer program may also be transmitted and distributed in the form of a signal on a network medium, and be downloaded and installed through the communication part 609, and / or be installed from the removable medium 611. The program code included in the computer program may be transmitted by any suitable network medium, including but not limited to: wireless, wired, etc., or any suitable combination of the above.

[0180] In accordance with embodiments of the present application, program code for executing the computer programs provided by the embodiments of the present application can be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. Specifically, these computing programs can be implemented using high-level procedural and / or object-oriented programming languages, and / or assembly / machine languages. Programming languages include, but are not limited to, such as Java, C++, Python, the "C" language, or similar programming languages. The program code can be executed entirely on the user's computing device, partially on the user's device, partially on a remote computing device, or entirely on a remote computing device or server. In cases involving a remote computing device, the remote computing device can be connected to the user's computing device through any type of network, including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN), or it can be connected to an external computing device (e.g., by using an Internet service provider to connect through the Internet).

[0181] The flowcharts and block diagrams in the accompanying drawings illustrate the possible architectures, functions, and operations of systems, methods, and computer program products according to various embodiments of the present application. In this regard, each block in the flowchart or block diagram can represent a module, a program segment, or a part of code that contains one or more executable instructions for implementing the specified logical function. It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions marked in the blocks may occur in a different order than that marked in the accompanying drawings. For example, two consecutive blocks shown may actually be executed substantially in parallel, and they can sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending on the functions involved. It should also be noted that each block in the block diagram or flowchart, and combinations of blocks in the block diagram or flowchart, can be implemented by a dedicated hardware-based system for performing the specified functions or operations, or can be implemented by a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions. Those skilled in the art can understand that the features described in the various embodiments of the present application can be combined and / or combined in various ways, even if such combinations or combinations are not explicitly described in the present application. In particular, without departing from the spirit and teachings of the present application, the features described in the various embodiments of the present application can be combined and / or combined in various ways. All such combinations and / or combinations fall within the scope of the present application.

[0182] The above describes the embodiments of the present application. However, these embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application. Although the embodiments are described separately above, this does not mean that the measures in each embodiment cannot be used advantageously in combination. Without departing from the scope of the present application, those skilled in the art can make various substitutions and modifications, and all such substitutions and modifications should fall within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for testing ocean thermal energy conversion materials, which is applied to an ocean thermal energy conversion material testing device, and is characterized in that The method includes: Obtaining the t-th temperature parameter and a plurality of t-th gain adjustment parameters of the phase change material at the t-th moment, where t is an integer greater than or equal to 0; Based on the predicted temperature change model, calculating the (t + 1)-th temperature parameter of the phase change material according to the t-th temperature parameter, where the predicted temperature change model is constructed according to the thermal hysteresis effect model, the nonlinear response model, and the temperature time sequence control model of the phase change material. The thermal hysteresis effect model characterizes the correlation between the temperature change of the phase change material and the temperature control power. The nonlinear response model characterizes the nonlinear relationship between the temperature change and the temperature control time. The temperature time sequence control model characterizes the relationship between the temperature change, the temperature control power, and the ambient temperature at different times; For each gain adjustment parameter, calculating the (t + 1)-th gain adjustment parameter according to the first temperature change parameter and the t-th gain adjustment parameter, where the first temperature change parameter is determined according to the t-th temperature parameter and the preset temperature parameter; Based on the temperature calibration model, generating the (t + 1)-th temperature control power command at the (t + 1)-th moment according to a plurality of the (t + 1)-th gain adjustment parameters, the second temperature change parameter, and the target power of the ocean thermal energy conversion material testing device, where the second temperature change parameter is determined according to the preset temperature parameter and the (t + 1)-th temperature parameter; Responding to the (t + 1)-th temperature control command to output the (t + 1)-th temperature control power to adjust the temperature of the phase change material.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein The predicted temperature change model is generated by the following method: Constructing the thermal hysteresis effect model according to the material parameters of the phase change material and the system parameters of the ocean thermal energy conversion material testing device, where the material parameters include the mass parameter and the specific heat capacity parameter, and the system parameters include the heating power parameter and the refrigeration power parameter; Constructing the temperature time sequence control model related to time according to the current temperature parameter, the system parameter, the ambient temperature parameter, the material parameter, and the thermal hysteresis parameter; Constructing the nonlinear response model according to the power correction coefficient, the current temperature parameter, and a plurality of fitting coefficients, where the power correction coefficient characterizes the relationship between the expected power parameter and the actual power parameter of the ocean thermal energy conversion material testing device; Performing a linear superposition process on the thermal hysteresis effect model, the temperature time sequence control model, and the nonlinear response model to obtain the predicted temperature change model.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, Calculating the (t + 1)-th gain adjustment parameter according to the first temperature change parameter and the t-th gain adjustment parameter includes: Generating the (t + 1)-th gain parameter at the (t + 1)-th moment according to the first temperature change parameter and the t-th gain adjustment parameter at the t-th moment; Calculating the (t + 1)-th gain adjustment parameter according to the first temperature change parameter, the t-th gain adjustment parameter, and the (t + 1)-th gain parameter.

4. The method according to claim 3, wherein Generating the (t + 1)-th gain parameter at the (t + 1)-th moment according to the first temperature change parameter and the t-th gain adjustment parameter at the t-th moment includes: Generate a t-th prediction error parameter according to the t-th gain parameter at the t-th moment and the first temperature change parameter; Generate the (t + 1)-th gain parameter according to the t-th prediction error parameter and the forgetting factor.

5. The method according to claim 4, wherein Generating a t-th prediction error parameter according to the t-th gain parameter at the t-th moment and the first temperature change parameter includes: Generate a t-th regression quantity parameter at the t-th moment according to the t-th gain adjustment parameter and the first temperature change parameter; Generate the t-th prediction error parameter at the t-th moment according to the t-th regression quantity parameter, the t-th gain parameter, and the first temperature change parameter.

6. The method according to claim 5, wherein Generating the (t + 1)-th gain parameter according to the t-th prediction error parameter and the forgetting factor includes: Calculate a t-th gain calculation parameter at the t-th moment according to the t-th covariance parameter, the t-th regression quantity parameter, and the forgetting factor at the t-th moment; Perform an update process on the t-th covariance parameter based on the t-th gain calculation parameter and the t-th regression quantity parameter to obtain a (t + 1)-th covariance parameter; Generate the (t + 1)-th gain parameter according to the t-th gain parameter, the t-th gain calculation parameter, and the t-th prediction error parameter at the t-th moment.

7. The method according to claim 1, wherein Based on the temperature calibration model, generate a (t + 1)-th temperature control power command at the (t + 1)-th moment according to a plurality of the (t + 1)-th gain adjustment parameters, the second temperature change parameter, and the target power of the ocean thermoelectric material testing device, including: Substitute a plurality of the (t + 1)-th gain adjustment parameters and the second temperature change parameter into the temperature calibration model to obtain a predicted power value; Generate the (t + 1)-th temperature control power command according to the predicted power value and the target power.

8. The method according to claim 7, wherein Generating the (t + 1)-th temperature control power command according to the predicted power value and the target power includes: When the predicted power value is greater than the target power, generate a (t + 1)-th temperature control power command corresponding to the target power; When the predicted power value is not greater than the target power, generate a (t + 1)-th temperature control power command corresponding to the predicted power value.

9. An ocean thermal energy conversion material testing device, characterized in that Including: A water bath tank, wherein a receiving cavity is formed in the water bath tank, and a heat exchange medium is filled in the receiving cavity; A shell-and-tube heat exchanger installed in the receiving cavity, and a phase change material is placed in the shell-and-tube heat exchanger; A temperature regulating mechanism installed on the wall of the water bath tank; A temperature sensor installed in the water bath tank; A water temperature controller is configured to execute the material testing method according to any one of claims 1 to 8 to adjust the temperature of the heat exchange medium through the temperature regulating mechanism to achieve temperature control of the phase change material.

10. The device according to claim 9, wherein, The temperature regulating mechanism includes: A heating tube spirally arranged on the shell-and-tube heat exchanger; A Peltier element installed on the wall of the water bath tank.

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