Paddy field soil test bed capable of conveniently controlling performance index and surface shape of mud

Abstract

A paddy field soil test bed capable of conveniently controlling mud performance indexes and surface shapes comprises a soil tank filled with multiple layers of test soil bodies, a test trolley capable of reciprocating is arranged above the soil tank, and the test trolley carries a pulping device, a shaping device and a test platform. The pulping device can accurately control the pulping depth, the rotating speed of a pulping knife roll and the advancing speed of the test trolley, so that the accurate regulation and control of the performance index of the slurry are realized, and the high-repeatability preparation of the slurry is ensured; a height-adjustable mechanical shaping device is adopted as the shaping device, accurate shaping of different shapes can be performed on the surface of the slurry by rapidly replacing a bulldozing plate, and the stability and repeatability of each surface shape are ensured; the test platform can rapidly install different agricultural machinery test parts, can adjust the soil penetration depth and the transverse soil penetration position of the test parts, can significantly improve the precision, repeatability and reliability of the paddy field soil test, and provides powerful technical support for the related research of paddy field agriculture.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of paddy soil test devices, and in particular to a paddy soil test bench that is convenient for controlling the performance indexes and surface shape of slurry. Background Art

[0002] In the optimization design process of paddy field agricultural machinery, field tests are an important link. However, field tests are greatly affected by natural environments such as variable weather and soil conditions, resulting in a long test cycle, high costs, and large discreteness of test data, making it difficult to ensure the accuracy and repeatability of tests. Although existing paddy soil flume test benches can conduct indoor tests to a certain extent, there are still many deficiencies. Most existing flumes are difficult to accurately control the performance indexes of slurry, such as the viscosity, density, moisture content, etc. of the slurry, resulting in large fluctuations in test results. And they are not flexible enough in shaping the surface shape of the slurry and cannot accurately shape according to the diverse test requirements of different paddy field operation machinery. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a multifunctional paddy soil flume test bench that can accurately control the plowing depth, slurry performance indexes, and slurry surface shape. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a paddy soil test bench that is convenient for controlling the performance indexes and surface shape of slurry, so as to solve the problem of poor consistency of slurry performance indexes and slurry surface shape in the test, and provide a reliable test platform for the optimization design of paddy field operation machinery. The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above technical problems is: a paddy soil test bench that is convenient for controlling the performance indexes and surface shape of slurry, including a flume filled with multiple layers of test soil bodies inside. The flume is a hollow cuboid member with an open top. Above the flume, there are two parallel tracks. Above the tracks, there is a test trolley that can move horizontally back and forth along the tracks. At both ends of the flume along the length direction of the tracks, there are buffer frames respectively. On the side of each of the two buffer frames facing the test trolley, a buffer column is installed. On the side of one of the buffer frames facing the test trolley, a water inlet pipe and a laser rangefinder are installed. At the bottom side of the flume, there is a drainage device. On the side wall of the flume, there is a moisture sensor for detecting the multiple layers of test soil bodies. On one side of the test trolley, there is a laser reflector opposite to the laser rangefinder. Outside the flume, there is also a measurement and control operation console. The measurement and control operation console can control the opening or closing of the water inlet pipe and the drainage device according to the detection data of the moisture sensor, and can control the movement or stop of the test trolley according to the detection data of the laser rangefinder; The test trolley includes a trolley frame. On the trolley frame, there is a slurry mixing device for performing rotary tillage and slurry mixing operations on the multiple layers of test soil bodies, a shaping device for performing soil pushing and shaping operations on the multiple layers of test soil bodies, a test platform for installing test devices required for soil tests, and a driving device for driving the movement of the trolley frame; The described driving device includes a driving wheel set and a driven wheel set installed under the trolley frame. The driving wheel set includes a driving wheel shaft and two driving wheels, and the driven wheel set includes a driven wheel shaft and two driven wheels. A driving three-phase reduction motor is installed on the trolley frame. Sprockets are respectively installed on the driving wheel shaft and the output shaft of the driving three-phase reduction motor. A driving transmission chain is cooperatively arranged on the two sprockets. Sprockets are also respectively installed on the driving wheels and the driven wheels. A wheel transmission chain is cooperatively arranged on the sprockets of the driving wheels and the driven wheels located on the same track, so that the driving three-phase reduction motor can drive the two driving wheels and the two driven wheels to rotate synchronously on the track; The described pulping device includes a pulping lifting support. A pulping three-phase reduction motor is provided on the pulping lifting support. A cutter shaft penetrates through the bottom side of the pulping lifting support. The length direction of the cutter shaft is perpendicular to the length direction of the two tracks. Rotary tillage blades are sleeved on the outer side of the cutter shaft. Sprockets are respectively provided on the output shaft of the pulping three-phase reduction motor and one end of the cutter shaft. A pulping transmission chain is cooperatively arranged on the two sprockets, so that the pulping three-phase reduction motor can drive the rotary tillage blades to rotate and perform rotary tillage pulping; A slider and a pulping lifting nut seat are also provided on the pulping lifting support. A pulping longitudinal slide rail and a pulping longitudinal lead screw are provided on the trolley frame. The slider can move up and down along the pulping longitudinal slide rail. The pulping lifting nut seat is screwed on the pulping longitudinal lead screw. A pulping lifting servo motor is installed on the pulping lifting support. The pulping lifting servo motor can drive the pulping longitudinal lead screw to rotate, so that the pulping lifting support can move up and down relative to the trolley frame; The described shaping device includes a shaping lifting support. A shaping roller is rotatably installed on the bottom side of the shaping lifting support. The axial direction of the shaping roller is perpendicular to the length direction of the two tracks. Curved-edge earth-pushing plates, ridging earth-pushing plates and leveling earth-pushing plates are evenly spaced along the circumferential direction on the outer side of the shaping roller. The side of the leveling earth-pushing plate away from the shaping roller is a straight earth-pushing edge parallel to the axial direction of the shaping roller. The side of the curved-edge earth-pushing plate away from the shaping roller is a wavy earth-pushing edge extending along the axial direction of the shaping roller. The side of the ridging earth-pushing plate away from the shaping roller is an imitation-ridge-shaped earth-pushing edge with a plurality of spaced trapezoids along the axial direction of the shaping roller. A shaping stepping motor is also provided on the bottom side of the shaping lifting support. The measurement and control operation console can control the shaping stepping motor to drive the shaping roller to rotate, so that any one of the curved-edge earth-pushing plates, the ridging earth-pushing plates and the leveling earth-pushing plates moves to a vertical position below the shaping roller, so that the earth-pushing edge of the earth-pushing plate can push earth and shape along with the movement of the trolley frame; A slider and a shaping lifting nut seat are also provided on the shaping lifting support. A shaping longitudinal slide rail and a shaping longitudinal lead screw are provided on the trolley frame. The slider can move up and down along the shaping longitudinal slide rail. The shaping lifting nut seat is screwed on the shaping longitudinal lead screw. A shaping lifting servo motor is installed on the shaping lifting support. The shaping lifting servo motor can drive the shaping longitudinal lead screw to rotate, so that the shaping lifting support can move up and down relative to the trolley frame; The described test platform includes a platform transverse movement support. A slider and a platform transverse movement nut seat are provided on the platform transverse movement support. A platform transverse slide rail and a platform transverse lead screw are provided on the trolley frame. The length direction of the platform transverse slide rail is perpendicular to the length direction of the two tracks. The slider can perform a transverse movement along the platform transverse slide rail. The platform transverse movement nut seat is screwed onto the platform transverse lead screw. A platform transverse servo motor is installed on the trolley frame. The platform transverse servo motor can drive the platform transverse lead screw to rotate, so that the platform transverse movement support can perform a transverse movement relative to the trolley frame. On one side of the platform transverse movement support facing the outside of the trolley frame, there is a test device installation platform. A plurality of positioning holes for installing test devices are provided on the test device installation platform. A slider and a platform lifting nut seat are provided on the test device installation platform. A platform longitudinal slide rail and a platform longitudinal lead screw are provided on the platform transverse movement support. The platform lifting nut seat is screwed onto the platform longitudinal lead screw. A platform lifting servo motor is installed on the platform transverse movement support. The platform lifting servo motor can drive the platform longitudinal lead screw to rotate, so that the test device installation platform can perform a lifting movement relative to the platform transverse movement support.

[0004] Preferably, a drainage slope is provided at the bottom of the soil tank. The drainage device is located at the lower end of the drainage slope. The multi-layer test soil bodies sequentially include a gravel layer, a fine sand layer, and a soil layer from bottom to top. The water inlet pipe is higher than the upper surface of the soil layer.

[0005] Preferably, two buffer columns are installed on each buffer frame, and the two buffer columns are respectively located above the two tracks.

[0006] Preferably, a plurality of support frames are respectively provided on the bottom sides of the two tracks.

[0007] Preferably, a protective cover is provided outside the pulping drive chain and the two sprockets.

[0008] Preferably, two sections of pulping longitudinal slide rails are provided on the trolley frame, and the two sections of pulping longitudinal slide rails are respectively located on both sides of the pulping longitudinal lead screw; two sections of shaping longitudinal slide rails are provided on the trolley frame, and the two sections of shaping longitudinal slide rails are respectively located on both sides of the shaping longitudinal lead screw; two sections of platform transverse slide rails are provided on the trolley frame, and the two sections of platform transverse slide rails are respectively located on both sides of the platform transverse lead screw; two sections of platform longitudinal slide rails are provided on the platform transverse movement support, and the two sections of platform longitudinal slide rails are respectively located on both sides of the platform longitudinal lead screw.

[0009] According to the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: The test trolley of the present invention can move above the soil tank and is equipped with a pulping device, a shaping device and a test platform. Under the condition that the soil moisture content is controllable, the pulping device can accurately control the pulping depth, the rotation speed of the pulping cutter roller and the forward speed of the test trolley, so as to accurately regulate the performance indexes of the slurry, ensuring the preparation of slurry with high repeatability; the shaping device adopts a mechanically adjustable shaping device. By quickly replacing the bulldozing plate, different shapes can be accurately shaped on the surface of the slurry, ensuring the stability and repeatability of each surface shape; the test platform can quickly install different agricultural machinery test components, and can adjust the soil penetration depth and the lateral soil penetration position of the test components; in addition, a special layered design can be carried out on the soil tank, and a measurement and control system is combined with the water inlet and drainage of the soil tank, which can effectively adjust the soil moisture content. The present invention can finally accurately control the pulping depth, the slurry performance indexes and the slurry surface shape, significantly improving the accuracy, repeatability and reliability of paddy field soil tests, and providing strong technical support for related research on paddy field agriculture. Description of the Drawings

[0010] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 is Figure 1 a schematic diagram after breaking the soil tank and the track; Figure 3 is Figure 2 a schematic diagram after removing the test trolley; Figure 4 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the test trolley; Figure 5 is a front view schematic diagram of the test trolley; Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the shaping roller and the bulldozing plate; Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of a multi-layer test soil body; Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the bulldozing plate performing bulldozing and plasticizing operations.

[0011] Markings in the figure: 1. Soil trough, 2. Track, 3. Support frame, 4. Buffer frame, 5. Test trolley, 6. Measurement and control operation console, 7. Pulping device, 8. Shaping device, 9. Driving device, 10. Test platform, 11. Buffer column, 12. Water inlet pipe, 13. Drainage device, 14. Moisture sensor, 15. Laser rangefinder, 16. Laser reflector, 17. Trolley frame, 18. Pulping lifting bracket, 19. Pulping longitudinal slide rail, 20. Pulping longitudinal lead screw, 21. Pulping lifting nut seat, 22. Pulping lifting servo motor, 23. Pulping three-phase reduction motor, 24. Protective cover, 25. Pulping drive chain, 26. Rotary tillage blade, 27. Shaping lifting bracket, 28. Shaping longitudinal slide rail, 29. Shaping longitudinal lead screw, 30. Shaping lifting servo motor, 31. Shaping stepper motor, 32. Shaping roller, 33. Curved edge earth-pushing plate, 34. Ridging earth-pushing plate, 35. Leveling earth-pushing plate, 36. Driving three-phase reduction motor, 37. Driving drive chain, 38. Active wheel set, 39. Passive wheel set, 40. Wheel drive chain, 41. Platform transverse slide rail, 42. Platform transverse moving bracket, 43. Platform transverse lead screw, 44. Platform transverse moving nut seat, 45. Platform transverse moving servo motor, 46. Test device installation platform, 47. Platform longitudinal slide rail, 48. Platform longitudinal lead screw, 49. Platform lifting nut seat, 50. Platform lifting servo motor, 51. Drainage slope, 52. Gravel layer, 53. Fine sand layer, 54. Soil layer. Detailed implementation manners

[0012] Referring to the attached drawings, the detailed implementation manners are as follows: As Figure 1 、 2 shown, a paddy field soil test bench facilitating the control of slurry performance indexes and surface shapes includes a soil trough 1 filled with multiple layers of test soil bodies inside. The soil trough 1 is a hollow cuboid member with an open top. Above the soil trough 1, there are two parallel tracks 2. Multiple support frames 3 are respectively arranged on the bottom sides of the two tracks 2. Above the tracks 2, there is a test trolley 5 capable of performing horizontal reciprocating movement along the tracks 2. Buffer frames 4 are respectively arranged at both ends of the soil trough 1 along the length direction of the tracks 2. On the side of each buffer frame 4 facing the test trolley 5, two buffer columns 11 are installed. The two buffer columns 11 are respectively located above the two tracks 2. On the side of one of the buffer frames 4 facing the test trolley 5, a water inlet pipe 12 and a laser rangefinder 15 are installed. A drainage device 13 is arranged at the bottom side of the soil trough 1. A moisture sensor 14 for detecting the multiple layers of test soil bodies is arranged on the side wall of the soil trough 1. A laser reflector 16 opposite to the laser rangefinder 15 is arranged on one side of the test trolley 5. A measurement and control operation console 6 is also arranged outside the soil trough 1. The measurement and control operation console 6 can control the opening or closing of the water inlet pipe 12 and the drainage device 13 according to the detection data of the moisture sensor 14, and can control the movement or stop of the test trolley 5 according to the detection data of the laser rangefinder 15.

[0013] The soil tank 1 is welded with 5-mm-thick steel plates and has an uncovered cuboid structure with dimensions of 10 m in length, 1.5 m in width, and 0.85 m in height. As Figure 7 shown, a drainage slope 51 is provided at the bottom of the soil tank 1, and the drainage device 13 is located at the lower end of the drainage slope 51. The multi-layer test soil bodies include a gravel layer 52, a fine sand layer 53, and a soil layer 54 from bottom to top in sequence. The water inlet pipe 12 is higher than the upper surface of the soil layer 54, and the soil layer 54 is used to simulate paddy field soil; the lower filter layer is composed of the fine sand layer 53 and the gravel layer 52, which can make the excess water in the soil layer seep downward.

[0014] Before the pulping operation, preparatory work is carried out first. The drainage device 13 is closed, and the measurement and control operation console 6 controls the water inlet pipe 12 to supply water into the soil tank 1. When the water sensor 14 detects that the water supply volume reaches the preset target value, the measurement and control operation console 6 controls the water inlet pipe 12 to stop supplying water. After soaking the soil for a certain time, the measurement and control operation console 6 opens the drainage device 13 to drain the excess water. After the water sensor 14 detects that the soil moisture content reaches the target range, the measurement and control operation console 6 closes the drainage device 13. At this time, the fine sand layer 53 slowly transfers the water in the filter layer to the soil layer 54 through capillary action, thereby maintaining the stability of the soil moisture content and providing an ideal operation basis for the subsequent pulping operation.

[0015] As Figure 2 shown, the test trolley 5 includes a trolley frame 17. A pulping device 7 for performing rotary tillage and pulping operations on the multi-layer test soil bodies, a shaping device 8 for performing soil pushing and shaping operations on the multi-layer test soil bodies, a test platform 10 for installing test devices required for soil tests, and a driving device 9 for driving the trolley frame 17 to move are provided on the trolley frame 17.

[0016] As Figure 4 、 5 shown, the driving device 9 includes a driving wheel set 38 and a driven wheel set 39 installed below the trolley frame 17. The driving wheel set 38 includes a driving wheel shaft and two driving wheels, and the driven wheel set 39 includes a driven wheel shaft and two driven wheels. A driving three-phase reduction motor 36 is installed on the trolley frame 17. Sprockets are respectively installed on the driving wheel shaft and the output shaft of the driving three-phase reduction motor 36. A driving transmission chain 37 is provided in cooperation with the two sprockets. Sprockets are also respectively installed on the driving wheels and the driven wheels. A wheel transmission chain 40 is provided in cooperation with the sprockets of the driving wheels and the driven wheels located on the same track 2, so that the driving three-phase reduction motor 36 can drive the two driving wheels and the two driven wheels to rotate synchronously on the track 2.

[0017] As Figure 4 、 5As shown in the figure, the pulping device 7 includes a pulping lifting bracket 18. A three-phase pulping reduction motor 23 is provided on the pulping lifting bracket 18. A cutter shaft penetrates through the bottom side of the pulping lifting bracket 18. The length direction of the cutter shaft is perpendicular to the length direction of the two tracks 2. A rotary tillage blade 26 is sleeved outside the cutter shaft. Sprockets are respectively provided on the output shaft of the three-phase pulping reduction motor 23 and one end of the cutter shaft. A pulping drive chain 25 is provided on the two sprockets in a matching manner, so that the three-phase pulping reduction motor 23 can drive the rotary tillage blade 26 to rotate and perform rotary tillage pulping. A shield 24 is provided outside the pulping drive chain 25 and the two sprockets.

[0018] As Figure 4 , 5 As shown in the figure, a slider and a pulping lifting nut seat 21 are further provided on the pulping lifting bracket 18. A pulping longitudinal slide rail 19 and a pulping longitudinal lead screw 20 are provided on the trolley frame 17. In this embodiment, two pulping longitudinal slide rails 19 are provided. The two pulping longitudinal slide rails 19 are respectively located on both sides of the pulping longitudinal lead screw 20. The slider can perform lifting movement along the pulping longitudinal slide rail 19. The pulping lifting nut seat 21 is screwed on the pulping longitudinal lead screw 20. A pulping lifting servo motor 22 is installed on the pulping lifting bracket 18. The pulping lifting servo motor 22 can drive the pulping longitudinal lead screw 20 to rotate, so that the pulping lifting bracket 18 can perform lifting movement relative to the trolley frame 17.

[0019] The steps of the pulping operation are as follows: when the soil moisture content reaches the target range and the drainage device 13 is closed, the measurement and control operation console 6 controls the test trolley 5 to return to the initial position. The three-phase pulping reduction motor 23 drives the rotary tillage blade 26 to rotate at a fixed speed. The pulping lifting servo motor 22 controls the cutter shaft and the rotary tillage blade 26 to reach the predetermined pulping depth. Subsequently, the test trolley 5 advances at a fixed speed under the control of the measurement and control operation console 6 and stops after reaching the other end of the soil tank. The pulping lifting servo motor 22 controls the cutter shaft and the rotary tillage blade 26 to rise, and at the same time, the three-phase pulping reduction motor 23 stops working, completing one pulping operation.

[0020] As Figure 4 , 5 As shown in the figure, the shaping device 8 includes a shaping lifting bracket 27. A shaping roller 32 is rotatably installed on the bottom side of the shaping lifting bracket 27. The axial direction of the shaping roller 32 is perpendicular to the length direction of the two tracks 2. As Figure 6As shown in the figure, curved-edge earth-pushing plates 33, ridge-forming earth-pushing plates 34, and leveling earth-pushing plates 35 are evenly spaced along the circumferential direction on the outer side of the shaping drum 32. The side of the leveling earth-pushing plate 35 away from the shaping drum 32 is a straight earth-pushing edge parallel to the axial direction of the shaping drum 32. The side of the curved-edge earth-pushing plate 33 away from the shaping drum 32 is a wavy earth-pushing edge extending along the axial direction of the shaping drum 32. The side of the ridge-forming earth-pushing plate 34 away from the shaping drum 32 is an imitation-ridge-shaped earth-pushing edge with multiple spaced trapezoids along the axial direction of the shaping drum 32. A shaping stepping motor 31 is also provided on the bottom side of the shaping lifting bracket 27. The measurement and control operation console 6 can control the shaping stepping motor 31 to drive the shaping drum 32 to rotate, so that any one of the curved-edge earth-pushing plate 33, the ridge-forming earth-pushing plate 34, and the leveling earth-pushing plate 35 moves to the vertical position below the shaping drum 32, facilitating the earth-pushing edge of the earth-pushing plate to perform earth-pushing and shaping as the trolley frame 17 moves.

[0021] As Figure 4 , 5 shown in the figure, a slider and a shaping lifting nut seat are also provided on the shaping lifting bracket 27. A shaping longitudinal slide rail 28 and a shaping longitudinal lead screw 29 are provided on the trolley frame 17. In this embodiment, two sections of shaping longitudinal slide rails 28 are provided, and the two sections of shaping longitudinal slide rails 28 are respectively located on both sides of the shaping longitudinal lead screw 29. The slider can move up and down along the shaping longitudinal slide rail 28. The shaping lifting nut seat is screwed on the shaping longitudinal lead screw 29. A shaping lifting servo motor 30 is installed on the shaping lifting bracket 27. The shaping lifting servo motor 30 can drive the shaping longitudinal lead screw 29 to rotate, so that the shaping lifting bracket 27 can move up and down relative to the trolley frame 17.

[0022] As Figure 8 shown in the figure, the shaping operation is carried out after the slurry-making operation. The shaping stepping motor 31 first drives the shaping drum 32 to rotate to the working position where the leveling earth-pushing plate 35 is perpendicular to the slurry surface. The measurement and control operation console 6 drives the shaping lifting bracket 27 to descend by controlling the shaping lifting servo motor 30, so that the shaping component descends to the target position. The test trolley 5 moves at a constant speed under the control of the measurement and control operation console 6 and then stops. Then the shaping component is raised to complete the high-precision leveling operation of the slurry. Then, according to the test requirements, the shaping stepping motor 31 drives the shaping drum 32 to rotate, quickly switching the curved-edge earth-pushing plate 33 or the ridge-forming earth-pushing plate 34 to the working position. The shaping component descends to the target position again. The measurement and control operation console 6 controls the test trolley 5 to move again. After the test trolley 5 stops, the shaping component is raised again, that is, the shaping operation of the slurry with a specific shape such as wavy or ridged is completed.

[0023] The leveling bulldozer 35 can gather the mud that is higher than the target plane and push it forward to fill it into the depression below the target plane, thereby achieving high-precision leveling operations; the curved-edge bulldozer 33 has different soil penetration depths at different positions, and combined with the lifting and lowering of the shaping device, it can prepare an uneven mud surface (which can be repeatedly made), providing repeatable test conditions for the grader; the ridging bulldozer 34 can shape the mud into a ridge of fixed size, providing a test basis for subsequent sowing, transplanting, fertilizing and other machinery.

[0024] like Figure 4 , 5 As shown, the test platform 10 includes a platform transverse movement bracket 42, on which a slider and a platform transverse movement nut seat 44 are provided, and on the trolley frame 17, a platform transverse slide rail 41 and a platform transverse lead screw 43 are provided. In this embodiment, two sections of platform transverse slide rails 41 are provided, and the two sections of platform transverse slide rails 41 are respectively located on both sides of the platform transverse lead screw 43. The length direction of the platform transverse slide rail 41 is perpendicular to the length direction of the two rails 2. The slider can move transversely along the platform transverse slide rail 41, and the platform transverse movement nut seat 44 is screwed on the platform transverse lead screw 43. A platform transverse movement servo motor 45 is installed on the trolley frame 17. The platform transverse movement servo motor 45 can drive the platform transverse lead screw 43 to rotate, so that the platform transverse movement bracket 42 can move transversely relative to the trolley frame 17.

[0025] like Figure 4 , 5 As shown, a test device mounting platform 46 is provided on the side of the platform transverse movement bracket 42 facing the outside of the trolley frame 17, a slider and a platform lifting nut seat 49 are provided on the test device mounting platform 46, a platform longitudinal slide rail 47 and a platform longitudinal lead screw 48 are provided on the platform transverse movement bracket 42, in this embodiment, two sections of platform longitudinal slide rails 47 are provided, the two sections of platform longitudinal slide rails 47 are respectively located on both sides of the platform longitudinal lead screw 48, the platform lifting nut seat 49 is screwed on the platform longitudinal lead screw 48, a platform lifting servo motor 50 is installed on the platform transverse movement bracket 42, the platform lifting servo motor 50 can drive the platform longitudinal lead screw 48 to rotate, so that the test device mounting platform 46 can be lifted and lowered relative to the platform transverse movement bracket 42.

[0026] like Figure 4 As shown, the test device installation platform 46 is provided with a plurality of positioning holes for installing the test device, which is used for flexibly installing different types of agricultural machinery test components (such as graders, rice transplanters, harrows, etc.). At the same time, a modular design is adopted. When the existing test device installation platform 46 cannot meet the installation requirements of the test components, the adaptability of the system can be expanded by replacing the test device installation platform 46 of different specifications to ensure the efficient installation of various test components.

[0027] During the test preparation work, the agricultural machinery test device is pre-installed on the test device installation platform 46. After the plastic shaping work on the mud surface is completed, the measurement and control operation console 6 controls the test device installation platform 46 to move the test device to the target position. Then, the test trolley 5 starts to move to conduct the soil penetration test of the test components, and at the same time, the test data is collected and analyzed. After the test is completed, the test results are exported.

Claims

1. A paddy soil test bench that is convenient for controlling the performance indexes and surface shape of slurry, characterized in that: It includes a soil tank (1) filled with multiple layers of test soil mass inside. The soil tank (1) is a hollow cuboid member with an open top. Above the soil tank (1), there are two parallel tracks (2). Above the tracks (2), there is a test trolley (5) that can perform horizontal reciprocating motion along the tracks (2). At both ends of the soil tank (1) along the length direction of the tracks (2), there are buffer frames (4) respectively. On the side of each of the two buffer frames (4) facing the test trolley (5), a buffer column (11) is installed. On the side of one of the buffer frames (4) facing the test trolley (5), a water inlet pipe (12) and a laser rangefinder (15) are installed. At the bottom side of the soil tank (1), there is a drainage device (13). On the side wall of the soil tank (1), there is a moisture sensor (14) for detecting the multiple layers of test soil mass. On one side of the test trolley (5), there is a laser reflector (16) opposite to the laser rangefinder (15). Outside the soil tank (1), there is also a measurement and control operation console (6). The measurement and control operation console (6) can control the opening or closing of the water inlet pipe (12) and the drainage device (13) according to the detection data of the moisture sensor (14). The measurement and control operation console (6) can control the movement or stop of the test trolley (5) according to the detection data of the laser rangefinder (15); The test trolley (5) includes a trolley frame (17). On the trolley frame (17), there is a pulping device (7) for performing rotary pulping operation on the multiple layers of test soil mass, a shaping device (8) for performing soil pushing and shaping operation on the multiple layers of test soil mass, a test platform (10) for installing test devices required for soil tests, and a driving device (9) for driving the trolley frame (17) to move; The driving device (9) includes a driving wheel set (38) and a driven wheel set (39) installed below the trolley frame (17). The driving wheel set (38) includes a driving wheel shaft and two driving wheels. The driven wheel set (39) includes a driven wheel shaft and two driven wheels. A driving three-phase reduction motor (36) is installed on the trolley frame (17). A sprocket is respectively installed on the driving wheel shaft and the output shaft of the driving three-phase reduction motor (36). A driving transmission chain (37) is arranged in cooperation on the two sprockets. Sprockets are also respectively installed on the driving wheels and the driven wheels. A wheel transmission chain (40) is arranged in cooperation on the sprockets of the driving wheel and the driven wheel located on the same track (2), so that the driving three-phase reduction motor (36) can drive the two driving wheels and the two driven wheels to rotate synchronously on the track (2); The described beating device (7) includes a beating lifting bracket (18). A three-phase beating reduction motor (23) is provided on the beating lifting bracket (18). A cutter shaft penetrates through the bottom side of the beating lifting bracket (18). The length direction of the cutter shaft is perpendicular to the length direction of the two tracks (2). A rotary tillage blade (26) is sleeved on the outer side of the cutter shaft. Sprockets are respectively provided on the output shaft of the three-phase beating reduction motor (23) and one end of the cutter shaft. A beating transmission chain (25) is provided in cooperation on the two sprockets, so that the three-phase beating reduction motor (23) can drive the rotary tillage blade (26) to rotate and perform rotary tillage beating. A slider and a beating lifting nut seat (21) are further provided on the beating lifting bracket (18). A beating longitudinal slide rail (19) and a beating longitudinal lead screw (20) are provided on the trolley frame (17). The slider can perform lifting movement along the beating longitudinal slide rail (19). The beating lifting nut seat (21) is screwed on the beating longitudinal lead screw (20). A beating lifting servo motor (22) is installed on the beating lifting bracket (18). The beating lifting servo motor (22) can drive the beating longitudinal lead screw (20) to rotate, so that the beating lifting bracket (18) can perform lifting movement relative to the trolley frame (17). The described shaping device (8) includes a shaping lifting support (27). A shaping roller (32) is rotatably installed on the bottom side of the shaping lifting support (27). The axial direction of the shaping roller (32) is perpendicular to the length direction of the two tracks (2). Curved-edge earth-pushing plates (33), ridge-forming earth-pushing plates (34), and leveling earth-pushing plates (35) are evenly spaced along the circumferential direction on the outer side of the shaping roller (32). The side of the leveling earth-pushing plate (35) away from the shaping roller (32) is a straight earth-pushing edge parallel to the axial direction of the shaping roller (32). The side of the curved-edge earth-pushing plate (33) away from the shaping roller (32) is a wavy earth-pushing edge extending along the axial direction of the shaping roller (32). The side of the ridge-forming earth-pushing plate (34) away from the shaping roller (32) is a ridge-shaped earth-pushing edge with multiple spaced trapezoids along the axial direction of the shaping roller (32). A shaping stepping motor (31) is further provided on the bottom side of the shaping lifting support (27). The measurement and control operation console (6) can control the shaping stepping motor (31) to drive the shaping roller (32) to rotate, so that any one of the curved-edge earth-pushing plates (33), ridge-forming earth-pushing plates (34), and leveling earth-pushing plates (35) moves to the vertical position below the shaping roller (32), facilitating the earth-pushing edge of the earth-pushing plate to perform earth-pushing and shaping as the trolley frame (17) moves; a slider and a shaping lifting nut seat are further provided on the shaping lifting support (27). A shaping longitudinal slide rail (28) and a shaping longitudinal lead screw (29) are provided on the trolley frame (17). The slider can move up and down along the shaping longitudinal slide rail (28). The shaping lifting nut seat is screwed onto the shaping longitudinal lead screw (29). A shaping lifting servo motor (30) is installed on the shaping lifting support (27). The shaping lifting servo motor (30) can drive the shaping longitudinal lead screw (29) to rotate, so that the shaping lifting support (27) can move up and down relative to the trolley frame (17); The described test platform (10) includes a platform transverse movement support (42). A slider and a platform transverse movement nut seat (44) are provided on the platform transverse movement support (42). A platform transverse slide rail (41) and a platform transverse lead screw (43) are provided on the trolley frame (17). The length direction of the platform transverse slide rail (41) is perpendicular to the length direction of the two tracks (2). The slider can perform a transverse movement along the platform transverse slide rail (41). The platform transverse movement nut seat (44) is screwed onto the platform transverse lead screw (43). A platform transverse servo motor (45) is installed on the trolley frame (17). The platform transverse servo motor (45) can drive the platform transverse lead screw (43) to rotate, so that the platform transverse movement support (42) can perform a transverse movement relative to the trolley frame (17). On the side of the platform transverse movement support (42) facing the outside of the trolley frame (17), there is a test device installation platform (46). A plurality of positioning holes for installing test devices are provided on the test device installation platform (46). A slider and a platform lifting nut seat (49) are provided on the test device installation platform (46). A platform longitudinal slide rail (47) and a platform longitudinal lead screw (48) are provided on the platform transverse movement support (42). The platform lifting nut seat (49) is screwed onto the platform longitudinal lead screw (48). A platform lifting servo motor (50) is installed on the platform transverse movement support (42). The platform lifting servo motor (50) can drive the platform longitudinal lead screw (48) to rotate, so that the test device installation platform (46) can perform a lifting movement relative to the platform transverse movement support (42).

2. The paddy soil test bench for facilitating the control of mud performance indexes and surface shape according to claim 1, characterized in that: A drainage slope (51) is provided at the bottom of the soil trough (1). The drainage device (13) is located at the low end of the drainage slope (51). The multi-layer test soil bodies sequentially include a gravel layer (52), a fine sand layer (53), and a soil layer (54) from bottom to top. The water inlet pipe (12) is higher than the upper surface of the soil layer (54).

3. The paddy soil test bench for facilitating the control of mud property indexes and surface shape according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two buffer columns (11) are installed on each buffer frame (4). The two buffer columns (11) are respectively located above the two tracks (2).

4. A paddy soil test bench for facilitating the control of mud performance indexes and surface shapes, characterized in that: A plurality of support frames (3) are respectively provided on the bottom sides of the two tracks (2).

5. A paddy soil test bench for facilitating the control of mud performance indicators and surface shape, characterized in that: A guard (24) is provided outside the pulping drive chain (25) and the two sprockets.

6. A paddy soil test bench for facilitating the control of mud performance indicators and surface shape, characterized in that: Two sections of pulping longitudinal slide rails (19) are provided on the trolley frame (17). The two sections of pulping longitudinal slide rails (19) are respectively located on both sides of the pulping longitudinal lead screw (20). Two sections of shaping longitudinal slide rails (28) are provided on the trolley frame (17). The two sections of shaping longitudinal slide rails (28) are respectively located on both sides of the shaping longitudinal lead screw (29). Two sections of platform transverse slide rails (41) are provided on the trolley frame (17). The two sections of platform transverse slide rails (41) are respectively located on both sides of the platform transverse lead screw (43). Two sections of platform longitudinal slide rails (47) are provided on the platform transverse movement support (42). The two sections of platform longitudinal slide rails (47) are respectively located on both sides of the platform longitudinal lead screw (48).

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