Building group carbon neutralization age limit evaluation method and application thereof in building group planning and design

Abstract

The invention discloses a building group carbon neutralization age limit evaluation method and application thereof in building group planning design, and the evaluation method comprises the steps: determining the annual power grid carbon emission equivalent to the annual electric energy profit and loss of a building group according to the annual energy output of renewable energy sources of the building group, the annual electric energy demand quantity of the building group and the annual power grid electric carbon factor of an area where the building group is located; the total hidden carbon emission of the building group is determined according to the carbon emission generated after material replacement and material removal in the material production, material transportation and maintenance processes of the building group; and according to the annual power grid carbon emission equivalent to the annual electric energy profit and loss of the building group and the implicit carbon emission of the building group, determining an implicit carbon neutralization age limit. According to the method, the annual energy output of renewable energy sources of the building group, the annual electric energy demand of the building group and the total implicit carbon emission of the building group are all considered, the carbon neutralization age limit of the building group is accurately evaluated, a corresponding building group carbon neutralization scheme is formulated according to the evaluation result, and the carbon neutralization target of the building group is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of carbon assessment, and in particular to a method for assessing the carbon neutrality period of a building complex and its application in the planning and design of a building complex. Background Art

[0002] A carbon neutral building is one that reduces or eliminates CO2 emissions throughout its lifecycle. This can only be achieved if the building has a very low carbon footprint, high durability and flexibility to ensure a long service life, combined with an annual surplus produced by moderate low-carbon / zero-carbon renewable energy.

[0003] There are some technologies in the prior art to evaluate carbon neutrality, such as the patent number "CN 116777137 A" which discloses a carbon neutrality path planning method and device, the method includes calculating the carbon emissions of the enterprise; determining the carbon quota index of the enterprise based on the carbon emissions and the industry to which the enterprise belongs; setting the carbon neutrality target of the enterprise; identifying the carbon neutrality means of the enterprise, and calculating the unit carbon reduction cost of various carbon neutrality means based on real-time market data; inputting the carbon neutrality target and the unit carbon reduction cost of various carbon neutrality means into the carbon neutrality path planning model to obtain the optimal carbon neutrality means. For another example, the patent number "CN117171949 A" discloses a method for deducing the carbon emission situation of a digital park, which obtains the park data as the deduction information input by investigating the carbon emission situation of the digital park, sets the deduction conditions of the carbon emission situation of the park, and performs the deduction calculation of the carbon emission situation of the park based on the deduction information input and the deduction conditions of the carbon emission situation of the park.

[0004] Most existing carbon assessment technologies calculate carbon emissions, ignoring the electricity produced by renewable energy and the profit and loss after offsetting electricity demand, as well as the embodied carbon produced by building materials at each stage, which affects the accuracy of carbon assessment results and is not conducive to the planning and design of building complexes. Therefore, in response to these problems, it is urgent to propose a building complex carbon neutrality year assessment method and its application in building complex planning and design. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the problem that the results of existing carbon assessment technologies are not accurate enough, which is not conducive to the planning and design of building complexes, the present invention provides a method for assessing the carbon neutrality period of a building complex and its application in the planning and design of a building complex. By taking into account the annual renewable energy power generation of the building, the annual electricity demand of the building, and the total embodied carbon emissions of the building, the carbon neutrality period of the building is accurately assessed, and based on the assessment results, a corresponding building carbon neutrality plan is formulated to achieve the building carbon neutrality goal.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A method for evaluating the carbon neutralization period of a building complex, characterized in that it includes:

[0008] S1. According to the annual power generation E of renewable energy in the building complex 发 , the annual electricity demand E of the building complex 需 and the carbon factor F of the power grid in the region in that year C , determine the annual carbon emissions ΔQ equivalent to the annual electricity profit and loss of the building complex 等效 as

[0009] ΔQ 等效 =(E 发 -E 需 )·F C

[0010] The unit is ton, t. If ΔQ 等效 <0, it means that the annual power generation of renewable energy in the building complex does not meet the annual electricity demand of the building complex;

[0011] S2. Determine the total embodied carbon emissions Q of the building complex according to the carbon emissions generated during the production, transportation, material replacement during maintenance, and post-treatment of material demolition of the building complex 隐含 as

[0012] Q 隐含 =Q1+Q2+Q3+Q4

[0013] In the formula: Q 隐含 is the total embodied carbon emissions of the building complex, with the unit of ton, t; Q1 is the total carbon emissions during the production of building materials in the building complex, with the unit of ton, t; Q2 is the total carbon emissions during the transportation of building materials in the building complex, with the unit of ton, t; Q3 is the total carbon emissions of material replacement during the maintenance of the building complex, with the unit of ton, t; Q4 is the total carbon emissions of post-treatment of building materials after demolition in the building complex, with the unit of ton, t;

[0014] S3. According to the annual carbon emissions Q equivalent to the annual electricity profit and loss of the building complex 等效 and the embodied carbon emissions Q of the building complex 隐含 , determine the embodied carbon neutralization period N 中和 as:

[0015]

[0016] The unit is year.

[0017] Furthermore, the total carbon emissions Q1 during the production of building materials in the building complex in S2 are:

[0018]

[0019] In the formula: q i is the amount of the i-th building material, with the unit of ton, t; c iis the carbon emission factor in the production of the i-th building complex material, with the unit of ton / ton, t / t; n is the total number of building complex materials used.

[0020] Furthermore, the total carbon emission Q2 during the transportation of the building complex materials in S2 is:

[0021]

[0022] In the formula: ρ 燃油 is the density of the fuel consumed in the transportation of the building complex materials, with the unit of kg / L; b 油-煤 is the conversion coefficient of the fuel consumed in the transportation of the building complex materials to standard coal, with the unit of kgce / kg; is the conversion coefficient of standard coal to carbon dioxide, with the unit of kg / kgce; T 燃油 is the volume of the fuel consumed in the transportation of the building complex materials, with the unit of L.

[0023] Furthermore, when the fuel consumed in the transportation of the building complex materials is diesel, the volume T of the diesel consumed in the transportation of the building complex materials 柴 is:

[0024]

[0025] When the fuel consumed in the transportation of the building complex materials is gasoline, the volume T of the gasoline consumed in the transportation of the building complex materials 汽 is:

[0026]

[0027] In the formula: q ti is the total transportation mass of the i-th building complex material, with the unit of ton, t; G i is the total loading mass of the truck transporting the i-th building complex material, with the unit of t; G i0 is the empty mass of the truck transporting the i-th building complex material, with the unit of ton, t; P i is the limit value of the diesel fuel consumption corresponding to the total loading mass of the truck transporting the i-th building complex material, with the unit of L / 100km; P i0 is the limit value of the diesel fuel consumption corresponding to the empty mass of the truck transporting the i-th building complex material, with the unit of L / 100km; D i is the distance between the production site and the construction site of the i-th building complex material, with the unit of km; n is the total number of building complex materials used.

[0028] Furthermore, the total carbon emission Q3 of material replacement during the building complex maintenance in S2 is:

[0029] Q3 = Q1′ + Q2′

[0030] Where: Q1′ is the total carbon emissions in the production of materials replaced during the maintenance process, in tons, t; Q2′ is the total carbon emissions in the transportation of materials replaced during the maintenance process, in tons, t.

[0031] Furthermore, within the design service life of the building complex, Q3 in S2 is negligible.

[0032] Furthermore, the total carbon emissions Q4 from the treatment of building complex materials after demolition in S2 are:

[0033]

[0034] Where: q ci is the total amount of the i-th building complex material after demolition treatment, in tons, t; c ci is the carbon emission factor for the treatment of the i-th building complex material after demolition, in tons per ton, t / t; n is the total number of building complex materials after demolition treatment.

[0035] The application of the carbon neutralization period evaluation method in the planning and design of building complexes is characterized in that it is used to guide the formulation of the carbon neutralization plan for building complexes, including:

[0036] If Q 等效 < 0, or Q 等效 > 0 and n 中和 > n 使用 , at this time, if it is necessary to achieve the carbon neutralization goal within the life cycle, then through one or more of the following measures, make

[0037] (1) Increase the electricity capacity of renewable energy;

[0038] (2) Reduce the electricity demand;

[0039] (3) Reduce the annual embodied carbon emissions of the building complex;

[0040] (4) Purchase green electricity from outside;

[0041] If Q 等效 > 0 and N 中和 < N 使用 , it means that the carbon neutralization of the building complex can be completed within the life cycle of the building complex.

[0042] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0043] The method for evaluating the carbon neutralization period of a building complex according to the present invention takes into account the annual power generation of renewable energy in the building complex, the annual electricity demand of the building complex, and the total embodied carbon emissions of the building complex. The total embodied carbon emissions of the building complex are determined based on the carbon emissions generated during the production of building materials, the transportation of materials, the replacement of materials during maintenance, and the post-treatment after demolition, so as to accurately evaluate the carbon neutralization period of the building complex. In addition, according to the evaluation results, the present invention can also formulate corresponding carbon neutralization plans for the building complex, and consider multiple aspects of energy conservation and emission reduction during the formulation, making the plan more comprehensive, so as to achieve the carbon neutralization goal of the building complex. Detailed implementation mode

[0044] The following further details the present invention in conjunction with the detailed implementation mode, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0045] The method for evaluating the carbon neutralization period of the building complex according to the present invention includes:

[0046] S1. According to the annual power generation of renewable energy E in the building complex 发 , the annual electricity demand E of the building complex 需 and the grid electricity carbon factor F in the region in that year C , determine the annual grid carbon emissions ΔQ equivalent to the annual electricity profit and loss of the building complex 等效 as

[0047] ΔQ 等效 = (E 发 - E 需 ) · F C

[0048] The unit is ton, t. If ΔQ 等效 < 0, it means that the annual power generation of renewable energy in the building complex does not meet the annual electricity demand of the building complex.

[0049] S2. The total carbon emissions Q1 in the production of building materials in the building complex are:

[0050]

[0051] In the formula: q i is the amount of the i-th building material, with the unit of ton, t; c i is the carbon emission factor in the production of the i-th building material, with the unit of ton / ton, t / t; n is the total number of building materials used.

[0052] The total carbon emissions Q2 in the transportation of building materials in the building complex are:

[0053]

[0054] In the formula: ρ 燃油 is the density of the fuel consumed in the transportation of building materials, with the unit of kg / L; b 油-煤The conversion coefficient of fuel oil consumed in the transportation of building complex materials to standard coal, with the unit of kgce / kg; The conversion coefficient of standard coal to carbon dioxide, with the unit of kg / kgce; T 燃油 The volume of fuel oil consumed in the transportation of building complex materials, with the unit of L.

[0055] When the fuel oil consumed in the transportation of building complex materials is diesel, the volume of diesel T consumed in the transportation of building complex materials 柴 is:

[0056]

[0057] When the fuel oil consumed in the transportation of building complex materials is gasoline, the volume of gasoline T consumed in the transportation of building complex materials 汽 is:

[0058]

[0059] In the formula: q ti is the total transportation mass of the i-th type of building complex material, with the unit of ton, t; G i is the total loading mass of the truck transporting the i-th type of building complex material, with the unit of t; G i0 is the empty mass of the truck transporting the i-th type of building complex material, with the unit of ton, t; P i is the limit value of diesel fuel consumption corresponding to the total loading mass of the truck transporting the i-th type of building complex material, with the unit of L / 100km; P i0 is the limit value of diesel fuel consumption corresponding to the empty mass of the truck transporting the i-th type of building complex material, with the unit of L / 100km; D i is the distance between the production site and the construction site of the i-th type of building complex material, with the unit of km; n is the total number of building complex materials used.

[0060] The total carbon emission Q3 during the material replacement in the building complex maintenance is:

[0061] Q3 = Q1′ + Q2′

[0062] In the formula: Q1′ is the total carbon emission during the production of the materials replaced during the maintenance, with the unit of ton, t; Q2′ is the total carbon emission during the transportation of the materials replaced during the maintenance, with the unit of ton, t.

[0063] The total carbon emission Q4 after the treatment of the demolished building complex materials is:

[0064]

[0065] In the formula: q ci is the total amount of the i-th type of building complex material after demolition and treatment, with the unit of ton, t; c ciis the carbon emission factor for the post - demolition treatment of the i - th building complex material, with the unit of ton / ton, t / t; n is the total number of building complex materials for post - demolition treatment.

[0066] Determine the total embodied carbon emissions Q of the building complex based on the carbon emissions generated during the production of building complex materials, material transportation, material replacement during maintenance, and post - demolition treatment of materials. 隐含 is

[0067] Q 隐含 = Q1 + Q2 + Q3 + Q4

[0068] In the formula: Q 隐含 is the total embodied carbon emissions of the building complex, with the unit of ton, t; Q1 is the total carbon emissions during the production of building complex materials, with the unit of ton, t; Q2 is the total carbon emissions during the transportation of building complex materials, with the unit of ton, t; Q3 is the total carbon emissions of material replacement during the maintenance of the building complex, with the unit of ton, t; Q4 is the total carbon emissions of post - demolition treatment of building complex materials, with the unit of ton, t.

[0069] During the designed service life of the building complex, Q3 in S2 is negligible.

[0070] S3. According to the annual grid carbon emissions Q equivalent to the annual electrical energy profit and loss of the building complex 等效 and the embodied carbon emissions Q of the building complex 隐含 , determine the embodied carbon neutralization period N 中和 is:

[0071]

[0072] with the unit of year.

[0073] The application of the carbon neutralization period evaluation method described in the present invention in the planning and design of building complexes is used to guide the formulation of carbon neutralization plans for building complexes, including:

[0074] If Q 等效 < 0, or Q 等效 > 0 and N 中和 > N 使用 , at this time, if it is necessary to achieve the carbon neutralization goal within the life cycle, then through one or more of the following measures, make

[0075] (1) Increase the installed capacity of renewable energy;

[0076] (2) Reduce the electricity demand;

[0077] (3) Reduce the annual embodied carbon emissions of the building complex;

[0078] (4) Purchase green electricity from outside;

[0079] If Q 等效>0 and N 中和 <N 使用 , indicating that the carbon neutrality of the building complex can be achieved within the life cycle of the building complex.

[0080] The following will take a high-rise civil building complex established in Tongzhou District, Beijing as an example to illustrate the evaluation method of the carbon neutralization period of the building complex and its application in the planning and design of the building complex. The main functions of this building complex are office, commercial, exhibition hall, and conference, including seven above-ground floors, one mezzanine floor, and three underground floors. The total building complex area is 39,350 m 2 , among which, the above-ground building complex area is 22,000 m 2 , and the underground building complex area is 17,350 m 2 . It is required that the design service life of the building complex is 50 years. According to statistics, the local annual average solar radiation is 132.6 kcal / cm, and the monthly average radiation is the strongest in May, which is 16.24 kcal / cm; the annual sunshine hours are 2,435.4 hours, and the annual sunshine percentage is 62%.

[0081] In this embodiment, the renewable energy adopts photovoltaic power generation. A photovoltaic power generation scheme is preliminarily designed for this building complex. The following will explain this photovoltaic power generation scheme, as shown in Table 1.

[0082] Table 1 Annual photovoltaic power generation of the initial scheme

[0083]

[0084] The annual photovoltaic power generation of the initial scheme is 484.91 MWh.

[0085] In this embodiment, the building complex includes seven above-ground floors, one mezzanine floor, and three underground floors. The following will evaluate the electricity demand of each floor of the building complex respectively.

[0086] The main functions of the first floor are public open areas such as commercial and public transportation areas. The usage intensity of the building complex is calculated based on 250 working days and 115 rest days throughout the year. For public open and transportation areas, the usage duration is 10 hours on working days. For restrooms, the usage duration is 8 hours, and for equipment rooms, the minimum usage rate is calculated. Considering other arrangements such as lighting projects, work extensions, and receptions, the usage duration of the public area on rest days is calculated as 1 / 3 of the working day, and the usage duration of the remaining areas is calculated as 1 / 4 of the working day. After calculation, the annual energy consumption of the first floor is 689,054.05 kwh.

[0087] The main functions of the first mezzanine are equipment rooms and public transportation areas. The usage intensity of the building complex is based on 250 working days and 115 rest days throughout the year. In the public transportation area, the usage duration is 10 hours on working days. The equipment rooms are calculated based on the minimum usage rate. Considering other arrangements such as lighting projects, extended work, and hospitality, the usage duration of the public area on rest days is 1 / 3 of that on working days, and the usage duration of the remaining areas is 1 / 4 of that on working days. After calculation, the annual energy consumption of the first mezzanine is 4912.00 kwh.

[0088] The main functions of the second floor are exhibition spaces and various meeting spaces. The usage intensity of the building complex is based on 250 working days and 115 rest days throughout the year. In various meeting areas, the usage duration is 8 hours on working days. The exhibition space has a usage duration of 10 hours, and the equipment rooms are calculated based on the minimum usage rate. Considering other arrangements such as lighting projects, extended work, and hospitality, the usage duration of the public area on rest days is 1 / 3 of that on working days, and the usage duration of the remaining areas is 1 / 4 of that on working days. After calculation, the annual energy consumption of the second floor is 463666.25 kwh.

[0089] The main functions of the third floor are open office areas and meeting discussion areas. The usage intensity of the building complex is based on 250 working days and 115 rest days throughout the year. In the open office areas, the usage duration is 8 hours on working days. The restrooms are synchronized with the office hours, and the equipment rooms are calculated based on the minimum usage rate. Considering other arrangements such as lighting projects, extended work, and hospitality, the usage duration of the public area on rest days is 1 / 3 of that on working days, and the usage duration of the remaining areas is 1 / 4 of that on working days. After calculation, the annual energy consumption of the third floor is 210114.75 kwh.

[0090] The main functions of the fourth floor are open office areas and meeting discussion areas. The usage intensity of the building complex is based on 250 working days and 115 rest days throughout the year. In the open office areas, the usage duration is 8 hours on working days. The restrooms are synchronized with the office hours, and the equipment rooms are calculated based on the minimum usage rate. Considering other arrangements such as lighting projects, extended work, and hospitality, the usage duration of the public area on rest days is 1 / 3 of that on working days, and the usage duration of the remaining areas is 1 / 4 of that on working days. After calculation, the annual energy consumption of the fourth floor is 247473.40 kwh.

[0091] The main functions of the fifth floor are open office areas, independent offices, and meeting discussion areas. The usage intensity of the building complex is based on 250 working days and 115 rest days throughout the year. In the office areas, the usage duration is 8 hours on working days. The restrooms are synchronized with the office hours, and the equipment rooms are calculated based on the minimum usage rate. Considering other arrangements such as lighting projects, extended work, and hospitality, the usage duration of the public area on rest days is 1 / 3 of that on working days, and the usage duration of the remaining areas is 1 / 4 of that on working days. After calculation, the annual energy consumption of the fifth floor is 253176.10 kwh.

[0092] The main function of the sixth floor is an independent administrative office area. The building complex is used for 250 working days and 115 rest days throughout the year. In the independent office area, the working hours are 8 hours per working day. The restrooms are synchronized with the office hours, and the equipment rooms are calculated based on the minimum usage rate. Considering other arrangements such as lighting projects, overtime work, and hospitality, the usage hours of public areas on rest days are 1 / 3 of the working day, and the usage hours of the remaining areas are 1 / 4 of the working day. After calculation, the annual energy consumption of the sixth floor is 244,005.93 kwh.

[0093] The main function of the seventh floor is a hospitality function area, including a display area, suites, a restaurant, and a meeting area. The building complex is used for 250 working days and 115 rest days throughout the year. In the display and meeting areas, the working hours are 8 hours per working day. The suites have 4 hours of active time, and the private dining rooms in the restaurant have 3 hours of active time. Considering other arrangements such as lighting projects, overtime work, and hospitality, the usage hours of public areas on rest days are 1 / 3 of the working day, and the usage hours of the remaining areas are 1 / 4 of the working day. The suites are fully occupied regardless of working days or rest days. The annual energy consumption of the seventh floor is 135,636.85 kwh.

[0094] The main function of the first basement floor is a cafeteria and related function areas. The building complex is used for 250 working days and 115 rest days throughout the year. In the restaurant and other time-based public areas, the active hours are 4 hours per working day. The food storage is calculated for 24 hours a day. The restaurant does not operate on rest days. After calculation, the annual energy consumption of the first basement floor is 326,089.38 kwh.

[0095] The main function of the second basement floor is a fitness and sports area, as well as various machine rooms. The building complex is used for 250 working days and 115 rest days throughout the year. In the fitness and sports area, the working hours are 8 hours per working day to ensure that employees can use it at any time. The usage rate of the machine rooms and equipment rooms is minimized. Considering other arrangements such as lighting projects, overtime work, and hospitality, the usage hours of public areas on rest days are 1 / 3 of the working day, and the usage hours of the remaining areas are 1 / 4 of the working day. After calculation, the annual energy consumption of the second basement floor is 188,418.50 kwh.

[0096] The main function of the third basement floor is a printing house, engineering office, equipment rooms, civil air defense area, and storage. The building complex is used for 250 working days and 115 rest days throughout the year. In the office and printing and other public areas, the working hours are 8 hours per working day. The usage rate of the equipment rooms and storage is minimized, and the emergency shelter areas such as civil air defense are not included in the calculation for the time being. The usage hours of public areas on rest days are 1 / 3 of the working day, and the usage hours of the remaining areas are 1 / 4 of the working day. After calculation, the annual energy consumption of the third basement floor is 107,164.70 kwh.

[0097] The annual electricity demand E of the building complex 需 is the sum of the annual energy consumption of each floor of the building complex. After calculation, it is 2,869,711.90 kwh, which is 2,869.71 Mwb.

[0098] According to the annual power generation E of renewable energy in the building complex 发 , the annual electricity demand E of the building complex 需 , and the grid electricity carbon factor F in the region in that year C , where F C is based on the grid electricity carbon factor of 0.9419 tCO2e / Mwh issued by the Ministry of Ecology and Environment in North China in 2019, and the annual grid carbon emissions ΔQ equivalent to the annual electricity profit and loss of the building complex are determined 等效 as ΔQ 等效 = (E 发 - E 需 ) · F C = (484.91 - 2869.71) × 0.9419 = -2246.24 t, and ΔQ 等效 < 0, indicating that the annual power generation of renewable energy in the building complex does not meet the annual electricity demand of the building complex

[0099] When calculating the embodied carbon emissions of the building complex, the entire life cycle of the building complex needs to be considered. The embodied carbon of the building complex refers to the carbon emissions generated during the production, transportation, maintenance, replacement, and post-demolition treatment of each building material in the building complex. Each building material in the building complex includes the main building materials and components, the materials for the interior decoration part, and the materials for the main equipment. The main building materials and components include the main structure system, the interior wall system, the curtain wall system, and the photovoltaic components. The embodied carbon generated by the main structure system, the interior wall system, the curtain wall system, and the photovoltaic components will be calculated separately below. In this embodiment, the raw materials are all purchased locally, so the carbon emissions generated by transportation can be ignored. In addition, under the condition of no strong natural disasters and within the designed service life of the building complex, the carbon emissions generated by maintenance, replacement, and post-demolition treatment account for a very small proportion of the carbon emissions in the whole life cycle of the building complex, and are temporarily ignored in this embodiment

[0100] The main structure system of the building complex includes the underground structure and the above-ground structure. Steel bars, steel structures, and concrete are required for the construction of the main structure of the building complex. The total amounts of steel bars, steel structures, and concrete in each part of the building complex are shown in Table 4 and the carbon emissions are shown in Table 5

[0101] Table 4 Total amounts of steel bars, steel structures, and concrete in the building complex

[0102] Name <![CDATA[Total amount of concrete (m 3 )]]> Total amount of steel bars (kg) Total amount of steel structures (t) Underground structure 16571.17 3021634.00 210.11 Above-ground structure 2782.02 286480.00 3539.49 Total 19353.19 3408114.00 3749.60

[0103] Table 5 Carbon emissions of steel bars, steel structures, and concrete

[0104]

[0105] As can be seen from Table 5, the total embodied carbon emissions of the main structure of the building complex are 21980.49 t

[0106] The interior wall system includes the underground part of the wall and the above-ground part of the wall. Next, calculate the total embodied carbon emissions of the underground part of the wall. The underground part of the wall includes the interior building wall - laminated glass partition wall and the interior building wall - autoclaved aerated concrete block wall. The embodied carbon emissions of the underground part of the wall are shown in Table 6.

[0107] Table 6 Embodied Carbon Emissions of the Underground Part of the Wall

[0108]

[0109] As can be seen from Table 6, the total embodied carbon emissions of the underground part of the wall are 955.75 t.

[0110] Next, calculate the total embodied carbon emissions of the above-ground part of the wall. The above-ground part of the wall includes the interior building wall - laminated glass partition wall, the interior building wall - Class A fireproof glass partition wall, the interior building wall - autoclaved aerated concrete block wall 1, the interior building wall - light steel keel cement fiber pressure plate wall 100, the interior building wall - light steel keel cement fiber pressure plate wall 150, the interior building wall - light steel keel cement fiber pressure plate wall 200, the interior building wall - light steel keel gypsum board wall 100, the interior building wall - light steel keel gypsum board wall 200, the autoclaved aerated concrete block parapet wall, and the interior building wall - autoclaved aerated concrete block wall 2. The embodied carbon emissions of the above-ground part of the wall are shown in Table 7.

[0111] Table 7 Embodied Carbon Emissions of the Above-Ground Part of the Wall

[0112]

[0113] As can be seen from Table 7, the total embodied carbon emissions of the above-ground part of the wall are 1875.32 t. Therefore, the total embodied carbon emissions of the interior wall system are the sum of the total embodied carbon emissions of the underground part of the wall and the total embodied carbon emissions of the above-ground part of the wall. It is calculated that the total embodied carbon emissions of the entire interior wall system are 2831.07 t.

[0114] Next, calculate the total embodied carbon emissions of the curtain wall system. The curtain wall system includes the exterior curtain wall, the interior curtain wall of the above-ground part, and the sunken floor curtain wall of the underground part. The exterior curtain wall includes the south exterior curtain wall, the north exterior curtain wall, the west exterior curtain wall, and the east exterior curtain wall. The interior curtain wall includes the east interior curtain wall and the north interior curtain wall. The embodied carbon emissions of the curtain wall system are shown in Table 8.

[0115] Table 8 Embodied Carbon Emissions of the Curtain Wall

[0116]

[0117] As can be seen from Table 8, the total embodied carbon emissions of the curtain wall system are 3625.93 t.

[0118] The following calculates the embodied carbon emissions of the photovoltaic panels laid on the building complex, as shown in Table 9.

[0119] Table 9 Embodied Carbon Emissions of Photovoltaic Panels Laid on the Building Complex

[0120] Quantity Unit Carbon emission factor Unit Carbon emissions Unit Total Unit Photovoltaic module 429650 wp 3.28 kg / wp 1408297 kg 1408.30 t

[0121] As can be seen from Table 9, the total embodied carbon emissions generated when laying photovoltaic panels on the building complex are 1408.30 t.

[0122] Combining the above calculations of the embodied carbon of the main structure system, interior wall system, curtain wall system, and photovoltaic components of the building complex, the total embodied carbon emissions of the main building materials and components are obtained, as shown in Table 10.

[0123] Table 10 Total Embodied Carbon Emissions of Main Building Materials and Components

[0124] Category Embodied carbon emissions Unit Main structure system 21980.49 t Inner wall system 2831.07 t Curtain wall system 3625.93 t Embodied carbon of photovoltaic module 1408.30 t Total 29845.79 t

[0125] As can be seen from Table 10, the total embodied carbon emissions of the main building materials and components are 29845.79 t. The materials involved in the interior decoration part are very fragmented and numerous, such as a nail, a hinge, a barrel of paint, etc. According to the standards of the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE), the interior decoration part of the building complex accounts for about 10%-30% of the total carbon emissions of the building complex depending on the scale and function. For an office building with the main function of open office, its interior decoration part accounts for about 15% of the total embodied carbon emissions of the building complex. In addition, the main equipment of the building complex, such as elevators, escalators, various heat pumps, and water supply and drainage pipes, the materials of the main equipment of the building complex account for about 5% of the total embodied carbon emissions of the building complex. Therefore, the main building materials and building components account for about 80% of the total embodied carbon emissions of the building complex. Then the total embodied carbon emissions Q 隐含 are 29845.79 t / 80% = 37307.24 t.

[0126] Q 等效 <0 indicates that the annual power generation of renewable energy in the building complex does not meet the annual electricity demand of the building complex. If the carbon neutrality goal is to be achieved within the life cycle, then through one or more of the following measures, make

[0127] (1) Increase the electricity capacity of renewable energy;

[0128] (2) Reduce the electricity demand;

[0129] (3) Reduce the annual embodied carbon emissions of the building complex;

[0130] (4) Purchase green electricity from outside.

[0131] In this embodiment, since the building materials of the building complex are all low-carbon materials and the materials are all purchased locally, it is difficult to further reduce the embodied carbon of the building complex annually. In addition, the evaluated electricity demand of the building complex in this embodiment is all for normal needs and it is also difficult to further reduce. Therefore, it is also possible to increase the electricity capacity of renewable energy and purchase green electricity from outside to make At this time, ΔQ 等效 It also includes the carbon emissions equivalent to increasing the electricity capacity of renewable energy and the carbon emissions equivalent to the green electricity purchased from outside.

[0132] Next, the photovoltaic scheme is optimized, and two optimized photovoltaic power generation schemes are designed. Optimization Scheme 1 replaces the facade photovoltaic with a photovoltaic canopy scheme on the basis of the initial scheme. Optimization Scheme 2 covers the north hall roof and the east roof with photovoltaic modules at the same time on the basis of the initial scheme. The following is a specific description of these two optimized photovoltaic power generation schemes, as shown in Table 11 and Table 12 respectively.

[0133] Table 1 Annual photovoltaic power generation of Optimization Scheme 1

[0134]

[0135] Table 12 Annual photovoltaic power generation of Optimization Scheme 2

[0136]

[0137] It can be seen from this that the photovoltaic power generation of Optimization Scheme 1 is 936.41 MWh, and the photovoltaic power generation of Optimization Scheme 2 is 583.36 MWh. The photovoltaic power generation of Optimization Scheme 1 is higher, so Optimization Scheme 1 is adopted.

[0138] The increased power generation ΔE of Optimization Scheme 1 compared with the initial scheme 发 = 936.41 MWh - 484.91 MWh = 451.5 MWh. The increased power generation ΔE of Optimization Scheme 1 发 is equivalent to a carbon emission of ΔQ 发 = ΔE 发 ·F C = 451.5×0.9419 = 425.27 t. Then the carbon emissions equivalent to the green electricity that still needs to be purchased from outside is The converted amount of green electricity that still needs to be purchased from outside is In this way, it is ensured that the carbon emissions of the building complex can be completely neutralized, and then the carbon neutrality goal of the building complex can be achieved.

[0139] The described example is the preferred implementation mode of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above implementation mode. Without departing from the essence of the present invention, any obvious improvement, replacement or modification that those skilled in the art can make belongs to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for evaluating the carbon neutralization period of a building complex, characterized in that: Including: S1. Determine the annual grid carbon emissions ΔQ equivalent to the annual electrical energy profit and loss of the building complex according to the annual renewable energy power generation E of the building complex 发 , the annual electrical energy demand E of the building complex 需 , and the grid electricity carbon factor F in the region in that year C , and the annual grid carbon emissions ΔQ equivalent to the annual electrical energy profit and loss of the building complex is determined 等效 as ΔQ 等效 = (E 发 - E 需 ) · F C The unit is ton, t. If ΔQ 等效 < 0, it indicates that the annual renewable energy power generation of the building complex does not meet the annual electricity demand of the building complex; S2. Determine the total embodied carbon emissions Q of the building complex according to the carbon emissions generated during the production of building complex materials, material transportation, material replacement during maintenance, and post-treatment after material demolition 隐含 For Q 隐含 = Q1 + Q2 + Q3 + Q4 Where: Q 隐含 is the total embodied carbon emissions of the building complex, in tons, t; Q1 is the total carbon emissions in the production of building materials of the building complex, in tons, t; Q2 is the total carbon emissions in the transportation of building materials of the building complex, in tons, t; Q3 is the total carbon emissions of material replacement during the maintenance of the building complex, in tons, t; Q4 is the total carbon emissions of post-demolition treatment of building materials of the building complex, in tons, t; S3. Determine the implicit carbon neutralization period N based on the annual power grid carbon emissions Q equivalent to the annual electricity profit and loss of the building complex 等效 and the implicit carbon emissions Q of the building complex 隐含 as follows: 中和 That is: The unit is year.

2. The method for calculating the carbon neutralization period of the building complex according to claim 1, wherein: The total carbon emission Q1 in the production of building complex materials in S2 is: Where: q i is the usage amount of the i-th building complex material, in tons, t; c i is the carbon emission factor in the production of the i-th building complex material, in tons per ton, t / t; n is the total number of building complex materials used.

3. The method for calculating the carbon neutralization period of the building complex according to claim 1, characterized in that: The total carbon emission Q2 in the transportation of building complex materials in S2 is: Where: ρ 燃油 is the density of fuel consumed in the transportation of building materials in the building complex, with the unit of kg / L; b 油-煤 is the conversion coefficient of fuel consumed in the transportation of building materials in the building complex to standard coal, with the unit of kgce / kg; is the conversion coefficient of standard coal to carbon dioxide, with the unit of kg / kgce; T 燃油 is the volume of fuel consumed in the transportation of building materials in the building complex, with the unit of L.

4. The method for calculating the carbon neutralization period of the building complex according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the fuel consumed in the transportation of building complex materials is diesel, the volume T of diesel consumed in the transportation of building complex materials 柴 is as follows: When the fuel consumed in the transportation of building complex materials is gasoline, the volume T of gasoline consumed in the transportation of building complex materials 汽 is as follows: Where: q ti is the total mass of transportation of the i-th building complex material, in tons, t; G i is the total loading mass of the truck transporting the i-th building complex material, in t; G i0 is the unladen mass of the truck transporting the i-th building complex material, in tons, t; P i is the limit value of diesel fuel consumption corresponding to the total loading mass of the truck transporting the i-th building complex material, in L / 100km; P i0 is the limit value of diesel fuel consumption corresponding to the unladen mass of the truck transporting the i-th building complex material, in L / 100km; D i is the distance between the production site and the construction site of the i-th building complex material, in km; n is the total number of building complex materials used.

5. The method for calculating the carbon neutralization period of the building complex according to claim 1, wherein: The total carbon emission Q3 for material replacement during the maintenance of the building complex in S2 is: Q3 = Q1′ + Q2′ Where: Q1′ is the total carbon emission in the production of the materials replaced during the maintenance, with the unit of ton, t; Q2′ is the total carbon emission in the transportation of the materials replaced during the maintenance, with the unit of ton, t.

6. The method for calculating the carbon neutralization period of the building complex according to claim 1, wherein: During the designed service life of the building complex, Q3 in S2 can be ignored.

7. The method for calculating the carbon neutralization period of the building complex according to claim 1, wherein: The total carbon emission Q4 for the post - treatment of the demolished building complex materials in S2 is: Where: q ci is the total amount of the i-th type of building complex materials after demolition and treatment, with the unit of ton, t; c ci is the carbon emission factor of the i-th type of building complex materials after demolition and treatment, with the unit of ton per ton, t / t; n is the total number of building complex materials after demolition and treatment.

8. Application of the carbon neutralization period evaluation method according to claim 1 in the planning and design of building complexes, characterized in that: For formulating the building carbon neutrality plan, including: for guiding the formulation of the carbon neutrality plan of the building complex, including: If Q 等效 < 0, or Q 等效 > 0 and N 中和 > N 使用 , at this time, if it is necessary to achieve the carbon neutrality goal within the life cycle, then through one or more of the following measures, make (1) Increasing the electricity capacity of renewable energy; (2) Reducing the electricity demand; (3) Reducing the annual embodied carbon emission of the building complex; (4) Purchasing green electricity from outside; If Q 等效 > 0 and N 中和 < N 使用 , it indicates that the carbon neutrality of the building complex can be achieved within the life cycle of the building complex.

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