Construction progress analysis and regulation system based on BIM model

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of construction progress management, in particular to a BIM (Building Information Modeling)-based construction progress analysis and regulation and control system, which comprises a component sequence identification module, a component time acquisition module, a sequence deviation identification module, a node offset analysis module and a plan time regulation and control module. According to the method, the three-dimensional coordinates of the BIM components are extracted to establish a spatial sorting relation, a priority system with spatial constraints is constructed, the sequence recognition precision is improved, time mapping is formed by combining state data and completion time, ordered association from the site progress to the model components is achieved, the completion time of the previous components is compared to recognize abnormal procedures, and quantitative records are formed. The actual offset and the planned floating time are fused to judge the offset type, the influence weight of the component in the progress network is quantified in combination with the offset direction and the sequence offset number, a comprehensive evaluation index is formed, the construction progress management has a clear logic structure, and the construction progress regulation and control precision and response efficiency are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of construction progress management, and in particular, to a construction progress analysis and control system based on a BIM model. Background Art

[0002] The technical field of construction progress management includes the management and control of various construction tasks in a construction project, such as the time arrangement, resource allocation, process connection, and on-site scheduling. The core content is to plan and coordinate the various components of construction activities to ensure the smooth completion of the project within the specified time. Under the overall technical framework, construction progress management not only focuses on the time node arrangement of construction tasks, but also involves the coordinated allocation of personnel and equipment, the timeliness control of material supply, the connection relationship between project stages, and the identification and adjustment of progress deviations. With the development of building information modeling technology, construction progress management has gradually evolved towards visualization, data-driven, and information integration, strengthening the real-time and refined level of progress control.

[0003] Among them, the construction progress analysis and control system based on a BIM model refers to using the building information modeling model as a basic data platform to compare and analyze the construction nodes and planned time of the whole process of a construction project, and on this basis, performing construction progress calculation through the construction logic relationship and construction sequence data of engineering structural components, so as to generate the operation arrangement plan and time distribution curve of each construction stage. It covers the structured decomposition of the construction task list, the collection and input of the actual progress information of each node, the statistical analysis of progress deviations, the generation of logical scheduling based on model component information, and the construction of a graphical timeline. A construction task time sequence network is jointly constructed through the geometric attributes and associated time parameters of the BIM model, and based on the engineering quantity data, node schedule table, and construction sequence rules, the automatic analysis of construction progress and the formulation of a control plan are completed.

[0004] During the existing construction progress analysis and control process, there is a lack of systematic analysis of three-dimensional space information in the process of identifying the installation sequence of components. The sequence relationship between components depends more on the construction stage division and empirical judgment, resulting in unclear logical dependencies between tasks, lack of scientific basis for sequence arrangement, and easy generation of on-site cross-operation risks. In the data collection process, the progress is registered with batch construction tasks as the basic unit, and a time tracking structure with components as the granularity cannot be formed, affecting the traceability and structural integrity of the data. The identification of abnormal construction logic depends on manual verification and on-site supervision, and it is difficult to achieve automatic comparison and system warning. As a result, it is often impossible to quickly respond and adjust after reverse-order operations occur. In the offset analysis, the deviation judgment fails to combine the planned float time, and there is a lack of effective quantification of the influence range of node offset in the control process. The progress adjustment only relies on the surface data of time delay, ignoring the actual influence degree of key nodes in the structural relationship, which is likely to cause deviation in the direction of the adjustment strategy, thereby affecting the control effect of the overall project progress. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the deficiencies existing in the prior art, and a construction progress analysis and control system based on the BIM model is proposed.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A construction progress analysis and control system based on the BIM model includes: The component sequence identification module obtains the position information of the BIM model components, reads the Z-axis coordinates of the components for spatial priority sorting, compares the components with the same Z-axis coordinates using the X-axis and Y-axis coordinates respectively, identifies the logical sequence of construction processes, outputs the construction priority number, and establishes a component installation sequence table; The component time collection module counts the status data of each component at the construction site, determines the component ID to match the construction completion status and extracts the completion time, combines the component installation sequence table to establish a sequence number, corresponds to the actual completion time, and generates a construction progress time mapping table; The sequence deviation identification module reads the construction priority number of the component according to the construction progress time mapping table, compares it with the completion time of all previous components one by one, marks the process reverse-order deviation, and records the component ID, the previous component ID and the time difference, and establishes a process reverse-order deviation record table; The node offset analysis module calculates the completion time offset according to the process reverse-order deviation record table, judges the offset type according to the progress plan float time, combines the offset direction and the number of sequence deviations, summarizes the progress influence weight coefficients of each component, and establishes a progress deviation index set.

[0007] As a further solution of the present invention, the component installation sequence table includes a construction priority number, a component ID, and component spatial position information; the construction progress time mapping table includes a component ID and a component completion time; the process reverse order deviation record table includes a current component ID, a previous component ID, a time difference, and a reverse order flag; and the progress deviation index set includes a progress deviation type, a deviation time amount, and a progress impact weight coefficient.

[0008] As a further solution of the present invention, the component sequence identification module includes: The spatial coordinate extraction sub-module obtains the unique ID of all components and the corresponding Z-axis, X-axis, and Y-axis coordinate values based on the three-dimensional positioning information of the components in the BIM model. It extracts spatial data by calling the Z-axis coordinate value according to the component ID, and performs deduplication and sorting processing on all the extracted coordinate sets to obtain the component three-dimensional coordinate sequence.

[0009] The component sequence judgment sub-module performs an ascending sorting process based on the Z-axis coordinate values of all components in the component three-dimensional coordinate sequence. For components with the same Z-axis value, it reads the X-axis and Y-axis coordinates, calculates the component spatial installation sequence value, and performs an ascending sorting to obtain the relative position priority of the components under the local spatial relationship, generating a component spatial sequence value list. The priority number generation sub-module generates a priority installation number corresponding to the sorting order of the components in the component spatial sequence value list, assigns the numbers to the component IDs in ascending order and outputs the corresponding relationship, obtaining the component installation sequence number table.

[0010] As a further solution of the present invention, the component time collection module includes: The status confirmation sub-module collects the component inspection data in the construction site inspection form, extracts the component ID and inspection status fields associated with each inspection record, marks the valid components, screens out the remaining uncompleted records, and generates a construction completed component set. The time extraction sub-module reads the time data of each component in the completed state according to the component ID in the construction completed component set, generates a time array corresponding to the component ID, performs cross-checking based on the time difference of all components, and sorts them in time order to obtain the completion time sequence. The time mapping sub-module constructs a two-field matching relationship between the component ID and the time field based on the completion time sequence and the component ID, combines them after performing matching verification, and establishes a construction progress time mapping table.

[0011] As a further solution of the present invention, the sequence deviation identification module includes: The previous component extraction sub-module extracts the component ID and the corresponding construction priority number according to the construction progress time mapping table, searches for the component entries with all construction priority numbers less than that of the current component, then reads the completion time information, performs data mapping of all the previous components corresponding to the current component and the completion time, and obtains the previous time association table; The time deviation judgment sub-module compares the completion time of the current component with that of each of its previous components one by one according to the previous time association table. If it is found that the completion time of any previous component is later than the time of the current component, the component ID and the previous component ID are recorded, and the time difference is calculated and marked as the process reverse order deviation, and the reverse order deviation mark table is obtained; The reverse order record generation sub-module records the current component ID, the previous component ID and the time difference according to the reverse order deviation mark table, constructs each reverse order relationship data entry, sorts the deviation components according to the component ID, performs reverse order behavior mapping between components, and establishes the process reverse order deviation record table.

[0012] As a further solution of the present invention, the node offset analysis module includes: The time offset identification sub-module calculates the completion time offset according to the ID information of each component in the process reverse order deviation record table, combines the planned completion time and the actual completion time, retains the record items with complete time data, records the component ID and the offset days, and obtains the completion time offset sequence; The offset type determination sub-module performs a size comparison between the completion time offset and the float time according to the completion time offset sequence and in combination with the float time value corresponding to each component in the project schedule network diagram, determines the component offset type, and obtains the component offset type set; The progress weight summary sub-module extracts the path position numbers of each component in the critical path according to the component offset type set and the deviation quantity in the process reverse order deviation record table, calculates the component influence weight value, integrates and sorts and summarizes according to the component ID, and establishes the progress deviation index set.

[0013] As a further solution of the present invention, the system further includes: The planned time regulation module superimposes the corresponding offset time amount according to the progress influence weight coefficient of each component in the progress deviation index set and the original planned start time, performs time update processing on the subsequent components according to the construction priority number, limits the progress compression limit value, writes the updated time information into the construction node of the planned BIM model, and generates the BIM planned node regulation result; The BIM planned node regulation result includes the component ID, the updated construction start time, the progress compression limit parameter, and the construction node time correction status record.

[0014] As a further solution of the present invention, the planned time control module includes: The time offset integration sub-module obtains the progress impact weight and the original planned start time corresponding to each component according to the progress deviation index set, calculates the total time offset value to be adjusted, sorts all the adjustment results according to the component number, and obtains the component time adjustment value sequence; The time update control sub-module arranges the component time adjustment value sequence in ascending order according to the construction priority number, performs backward transfer of the time value in turn, and performs adjustment by combining the maximum allowable project duration compression limit value as a constraint condition. Re-archives and organizes the adjusted time of each component to obtain the planned time value after compression control; The node writing and generating sub-module performs field-level replacement on the construction nodes of each component in the planned BIM model according to the planned time value after compression control, combines the component ID, and performs field consistency verification to establish the BIM planned node control result.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and positive effects of the present invention are as follows: In the present invention, the three-dimensional coordinates of BIM components are extracted to establish a spatial sorting relationship, a priority system with spatial constraints is constructed to improve the order recognition accuracy, a time mapping is formed by combining the status data and the completion time, and the on-site progress is orderly associated with the model components. The abnormal processes are identified by comparing the completion time of the previous components and quantitative records are formed, the visibility of the reverse order deviation is enhanced, the offset type is judged by integrating the actual offset amount and the planned float time, and the influence weight of the component in the progress network is quantified by combining the offset direction and the number of order deviations, forming a comprehensive evaluation index, so that the construction progress management has a clear logical structure, and the construction progress control accuracy and response efficiency are improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 is the system flow chart of the present invention; Figure 2 is the flow chart of the component sequence identification module of the present invention; Figure 3 is the flow chart of the component time acquisition module of the present invention; Figure 4 is the flow chart of the order deviation identification module of the present invention; Figure 5 is the flow chart of the node offset analysis module of the present invention; Figure 6 is the flow chart of the planned time control module of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0017] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0018] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, in the description of the present invention, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0019] See also Figure 1 , a construction progress analysis and control system based on BIM model includes: The component sequence identification module obtains the component position information in the BIM model, reads the component Z-axis coordinates to perform spatial priority sorting (a method for determining the installation order based on the three-dimensional coordinates of the components in the BIM model, in accordance with the "Code for Construction Organization Design of Building Engineering" GB / T50502), and compares the X-axis and Y-axis coordinates of the components with the same Z-axis coordinates in ascending order, identifies the logical sequence of the construction process (the installation sequence of the components determined according to the construction process requirements), outputs the construction priority number (the installation sequence number assigned to each component in the construction schedule) and associates it with the component ID to establish a component installation sequence table; The component time collection module collects statistics on the status data of each component at the construction site, determines the component ID to match the construction completion status (based on the component completion status confirmed by the construction site progress report) and extracts the completion time. It establishes a sequence number based on the component installation sequence table, corresponds it to the actual completion time, and generates a construction progress time mapping table; The sequence deviation identification module reads the construction priority number of each component according to the construction progress time mapping table, and compares it with the completion time of all previous components one by one. If there is any previous component whose completion time is later than the current component, it is marked as a process reverse deviation (abnormal construction logic that the subsequent process has been implemented when the previous process has not been completed), and records the component ID, the previous component ID and the time difference, and establishes a process reverse deviation record table; The node offset analysis module reads the planned completion time and actual completion time of each component according to the process reverse sequence deviation record form, calculates the completion time offset, combines the schedule float time (the time margin allowed for non-critical processes in the critical path method) to judge the offset type. If it is a positive offset, it is assigned a schedule ahead mark; if it is a negative offset, it is assigned a schedule lag mark; if it is within the schedule float time, it is marked as neutral. Combining the offset direction and the number of sequence deviations, it summarizes the schedule impact weight coefficients of each component (the schedule impact degree parameters calculated according to the position of the process on the critical path) and establishes a schedule deviation index set; The planned time control module superimposes the corresponding offset time amount according to the schedule impact weight coefficient of each component in the schedule deviation index set and the original planned start time, and performs time update processing on the subsequent components according to the construction priority number. It limits the schedule compression limit value (the maximum allowable project duration compression amount determined according to the construction contract terms), and writes the updated time information into the construction nodes of the planned BIM model to generate the BIM planned node control result.

[0020] The component installation sequence table includes the construction priority number, component ID, and component spatial position information. The construction progress time mapping table includes the component ID and component completion time. The process reverse sequence deviation record form includes the current component ID, previous component ID, time difference, and reverse sequence mark. The schedule deviation index set includes the schedule offset type, offset time amount, and schedule impact weight coefficient. The BIM planned node control result includes the component ID, updated construction start time, schedule compression limit parameter, and construction node time correction status record.

[0021] Please refer to Figure 2 , the component sequence identification module includes: The spatial coordinate extraction sub-module, based on the three-dimensional positioning information of the components in the BIM model, obtains the unique ID of all components and the corresponding Z-axis, X-axis, and Y-axis coordinate values. It calls the Z-axis coordinate value according to the component ID for spatial data extraction, and performs deduplication and sorting processing on all the extracted coordinate sets to obtain the component three-dimensional coordinate sequence; Based on the three-dimensional positioning information of components in the BIM model, read the unique ID field of each component in the model data file, extract the three-axis coordinate attribute values Z, X, and Y of the component through the model interface, and rely on the component ID to index and collect the data. Bind the three-dimensional coordinate group with the component ID to form an initial component coordinate data set. In the specific implementation process, select any 4 components for example, such as components A, B, C, and D, and the corresponding Z, X, and Y axis coordinates are shown in Table 1; then perform the data deduplication operation, merge and verify the duplicate entries in the collected coordinate values to avoid numbering conflicts caused by duplicate sorting results. Then, establish a coordinate data row vector set according to the arrangement order of the component IDs, and perform a field rearrangement operation through the coordinate extraction function to generate a coordinate attribute table arranged in the order of Z, X, and Y. Finally, according to the three-dimensional coordinate group of each component, obtain the three-dimensional coordinate sequence of the component.

[0022] Table 1 Example Table of Component Three-Dimensional Coordinates

[0023] As shown in Table 1, the three-dimensional coordinates of components A, B, C, and D are collected respectively and used for subsequent sorting calculations.

[0024] The component order judgment sub-module performs an ascending sorting process based on the Z-axis coordinate values of all components in the component three-dimensional coordinate sequence. For components with the same Z-axis value, read the X-axis and Y-axis coordinates and use the formula: ; Calculate the component spatial installation order value , and perform an ascending sorting to obtain the relative position priority of the components under the local spatial relationship, and generate a list of component spatial order values, where is the Z-axis coordinate of component , is the smallest Z-axis value among all components, , are the X-axis and Y-axis coordinates of component respectively, represents the total number of components, is the sum of the X-axis coordinate values of all components, is the absolute value sum of the differences between the Z-axis coordinates of component and the other components; Based on the Z-axis coordinate values of all components in the three-dimensional coordinate sequence of components, all components are sorted in ascending order according to the Z-axis values. Suppose the Z value of component D is 9.8m, both A and B are 10.2m, and C is 11.5m. Then the preliminary sorting order is D < A = B < C. Next, for components A and B with the same Z-axis value, their X-axis coordinates 3.2m and 4.1m are respectively called, and sorting is performed again to form A < B; to enhance the robustness of sorting and reflect the relationship between components and the spatial distribution center, a formula is introduced and calculated with component A as an example. 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 , Then: ; Similarly, substituting the data of components B, C, and D for calculation respectively, we get: ; ; ; According to this sorting result D < C < A < B, a list of component spatial sequence values is established, indicating that the smaller the sorting value of a component, the higher its installation priority in the spatial structure.

[0025] The operation logic of this formula is based on the comprehensive construction of spatial position weight combination and differential normalization distribution. First, the addition term in the numerator part is used to simultaneously measure the relative position offset of the component in the vertical height and the absolute distance position on the horizontal plane. Among them, reflects the vertical difference of the component compared with the lowest installation point, reflecting its elevation priority, while is the Euclidean distance of the component relative to the origin, used to measure its distribution density on the plane. The sum of these two terms constitutes the initial spatial position intensity; then it is multiplied by the multiplication term , indicating the degree of offset of the component in the X-axis direction relative to the center position of all components. The larger the value, the more the component deviates from the centralized installation area, further enhancing the sorting priority of remote components and avoiding local repetition; finally, the denominator term Normalize the above combined values. This part is the sum of the differences between component i and all other components on the Z-axis, reflecting its vertical difference distribution with the group, and add 1 to avoid mathematical anomalies where the denominator is 0, thereby forming a composite sorting index that takes into account height differences, planar positions, and distribution concentration. This structure fuses the influencing terms of different dimensions through addition, enhances the weight expression of the offset degree through multiplication, processes the absolute coordinate distance with a square root, and normalizes the denominator to reduce the sudden impact of group differences on the sorting result, achieving multi-dimensional and accurate sorting of the spatial priorities of components.

[0026] The component spatial installation sequence value is a numerical index used to quantitatively represent the installation sequence relationship of a single component relative to other components in the entire BIM model space system. It comprehensively reflects the relative priorities of the component in vertical elevation, horizontal position offset, and group distribution density. The smaller the value, the lower the layer or the central area the component is in, and it has the logical rationality of being installed earlier. This value is calculated not only based on the three-dimensional coordinate position of the component itself but also combines the relative relationships with other components in terms of height differences and horizontal center offsets. Therefore, it can objectively reflect the process logic of "lower first, higher later, inside first, outside later, center first, edge later" in construction. It can be used as a sorting basis in actual construction scheduling or construction sequence arrangement, guiding key links such as construction sequence numbering, resource scheduling, and path optimization.

[0027] The priority number generation sub-module generates priority installation numbers corresponding to the sorting order of the components in the component spatial sequence value list, assigns the numbers to the component IDs in ascending order and outputs the corresponding relationships, and obtains the component installation sequence number table. According to the sorting results of the components in the component spatial sequence value list, assign D, C, A, B the serial numbers 1, 2, 3, 4 respectively as their construction installation priority numbers, write this number in one-to-one correspondence with the component ID into the construction number record form to form a number assignment vector, and construct a structured data table as an input item of the construction scheduling system. At the same time, this number table will be used for schedule plan control and construction path allocation to obtain the sequential coding at the component level, and finally establish the component installation sequence number table.

[0028] Please refer to Figure 3 , the component time acquisition module includes: The status confirmation sub-module collects the component inspection data in the construction site inspection form, extracts the component ID and inspection status fields associated with each inspection record, marks the valid components, screens out the remaining uncompleted records, and generates a set of construction completed components. Collect the component inspection data in the construction site inspection form, read the component ID field and inspection status field of each record in the data table, and match the content of the field values one by one. If the value of the status field is "completed", keep the record; otherwise, mark the record as invalid data and exclude it in subsequent operations. Further, perform duplicate detection on the ID fields of all retained components. If there are records with duplicate IDs and different statuses, preferentially keep the latest record with a status of "completed", and delete the remaining invalid or conflicting items. The component ID field is used as the primary key for duplicate removal determination during this process. At the same time, refer to the record generation time field to handle data time series consistency. In actual operation, assume that records A001, A002, and A003 represent three components respectively. Among them, both A001 and A003 are marked with a status of "completed", and A002 is "under construction", then the A002 record is excluded, and only A001 and A003 are retained for subsequent processing. If there are two records for A003 in the inspection form, namely "completed" and "repair", then take the "completed" status record with the latest time in the time field as the valid record. After processing the above logic, establish a set of valid components, and at the same time, count the ratio between the number of components in the set and the number of original data as the basis for judging the construction completion rate. The total number of initial components collected in a certain project area is 420 items. After status screening and exclusion of duplicate records, 286 components are confirmed to be in a valid status, thus obtaining a set of construction completed components.

[0029] The time extraction sub-module reads the time data of each component in the completed status according to the component ID in the set of construction completed components, generates a time array corresponding to the component ID, performs cross-checking based on the time differences of all components, and sorts them in chronological order to obtain the completion time series; Using the component ID in the completed component set as the index field, match the completion time information recorded for each component in the inspection data sheet, extract the corresponding completion time field value, and uniformly convert it to the standard time format (year-month-day) after reading. Entries with empty or abnormally formatted original time records are excluded, and the remaining data is established into a key-value pair structure of component ID - time. This structure is then converted into a one-dimensional time array. During this process, a spacing check operation needs to be performed for possible abnormal fluctuations in time data, that is, judge the group of components with time aggregation or concentrated completion within the same time period. If there are data showing that more than 20 components are concentrated in completion within two consecutive days, then a sampling verification of this time period is required to confirm the data source and input batch to prevent data anomalies caused by manual batch input, and further screen out unreasonable records. Subsequently, the processed time series is sorted in ascending order. Combining with an actual engineering case, the completion time of component A001 is 2024-11-06, A002 is 2024-11-08, and A003 is finally retained as 2024-11-10 due to status conflicts. After the conversion of these three pieces of data, they are sorted by time to obtain [2024-11-06, 2024-11-08, 2024-11-10], which constitutes the completion time list. In actual data application, assume that a total of 185 valid components are extracted in Area B of the project, the average completion cycle of the components is 8.2 days, and the standard deviation is 2.7 days. If the spacing between the completion dates of a certain batch of data is less than 1 day and the quantity proportion exceeds 35%, it is submitted for manual verification as an abnormal time period. After such processing, the completion time series is obtained.

[0030] Based on the completion time series and component ID, the time mapping sub-module constructs a two-field matching relationship between the component ID and the time field by combining the sequence number field in the component installation sequence number table, performs matching verification and combines them one by one to establish a construction progress time mapping table; According to the completion time sequence and component ID, the comparison relationship is established. First, the component ID and installation sequence number fields recorded in the component installation sequence number table are called, and the component ID is used as the connection field to match the completion time component ID one by one. The successfully matched records are written into a new structured data table, and the installation number field is used as the main sorting field, and the completion time field is used as the auxiliary record item to form a number-time double field structure record. For example, component A001 is numbered 12 and the completion time is 2024-11-06, and A002 is numbered 13 and the completion time is 2024-11-08. Then the number 12 is matched with The time is 2024-11-06, and a record is written into it. The structure record table is then sorted in ascending order according to the number field to form a table structure that reflects the relationship between the construction sequence and the actual completion time item by item. The mapping table is used to describe the sequence of the actual completion time of different components in the construction process, as well as the matching or offset relationship with the original design sequence. For example, in a batch record, A010 is numbered 25 and the completion time is 2024-11-07. If the completion time of the component numbered 24 is later than A010, it means that there is a skipping behavior in the construction sequence. This behavior can be clearly identified through this mapping table, and finally a construction progress time mapping table is established.

[0031] See also Figure 4 , the sequential deviation identification module includes: The predecessor component extraction submodule extracts the component ID and the corresponding construction priority number according to the construction progress time mapping table, searches for all component entries with construction priority numbers less than the current component, and then reads the completion time information, performs data mapping of all predecessor components and completion times corresponding to the current component, and obtains the predecessor time association table; According to the construction progress time mapping table, the component ID and the corresponding construction priority number are extracted, each record is indexed by the component ID, and its priority number field value is extracted to construct the sorting number of the current component. Then, through the judgment logic, the number comparison operation is performed on each component, and all entries with numbers less than the current component are screened out as its predecessor components, and the ID list of these components is recorded for subsequent matching. Next, the completion time field of each component in the predecessor ID list is called, and the time value is bound to the corresponding component ID to generate a key-value pair structure. In the actual scenario, For example, the current component C007 is numbered 26, and the predecessor components include components C002, C004, and C006 numbered 20, 22, and 25, then these three component records are extracted, and the corresponding completion times are November 8, November 9, and November 12, 2024, respectively, to establish a predecessor time set; during the construction process, all time fields are required to be uniformly converted into a standard time format (YYYY-MM-DD). If there are missing or abnormal records, they will not be included in the analysis scope for the time being. Finally, the predecessor data of all target components are collected and a predecessor time association table is generated.

[0032] The time deviation judgment sub-module compares the completion times of the current component and its respective previous components one by one according to the previous time correlation table. If it is found that the completion time of any previous component is later than the time of the current component, the component ID and the previous component ID are recorded, and the time difference is calculated and marked as the process reverse order deviation, and the reverse order deviation mark table is obtained; According to each component record in the previous time correlation table, perform the comparison and judgment operation of the completion time of the current component and the completion time of its previous component. For each pair of component ID pairs, calculate their time difference, express the time difference in days and record the result. If the completion time of a previous component is later than the completion time of the current component, its time difference is negative and marked as a time deviation item as an abnormal situation. Subsequently, screening processing is carried out, and all records with deviation values less than 0 days are retained, and the remaining records are deleted. In this way, an initial screening list of abnormal data is formed. On this basis, continue to judge whether the time deviation exceeds the preset threshold. Set this threshold to 2 days. In this case, if the completion time of C004 is November 9, 2024, and C007 is November 8, 2024, the time deviation is -1 day, which does not exceed the threshold and is not included in the deviation set. However, if the completion time of C006 is November 12 and C007 is still November 8, the time deviation is -4 days, which exceeds the threshold and is recorded in the result set. Record the component ID as C007, the previous component ID as C006, and the time difference as 4 days. After processing all component records item by item, obtain the component relationship information of all reverse order deviation situations and obtain the reverse order deviation mark table.

[0033] The reverse order record generation sub-module records the current component ID, the previous component ID, and the time difference according to the reverse order deviation mark table, constructs each reverse order relationship data entry, sorts the deviation components according to the component ID, performs the reverse order behavior mapping between components, and establishes the process reverse order deviation record table; According to the component ID, the previous component ID, and their corresponding time differences recorded in the reverse order deviation mark table, sort and output them in the order of component numbers. Write each component record with reverse order deviation into the structured form in the standard format. Set the fields to include the current component number, the corresponding previous component number, the deviation days, etc. Generate data record entries line by line, and the table number is automatically incremented. The field names adopt a unified naming method. Each component can correspond to multiple previous component records and are written in a nested structure. In an actual engineering project, if component C007 has two previous components C004 and C006 at the same time, both of which exceed the deviation threshold, two records are generated, marked with deviation days of 1 day and 4 days respectively. After statistically summarizing all component reverse order data and arranging them in ascending order of component numbers, output them as a unified record table, and record the information of the number of data and the total number of covered components at the same time, as the basis for deviation analysis, and generate the process reverse order deviation record table.

[0034] Table 2 Process Reverse Order Deviation Record Table

[0035] As shown in Table 2, a total of 3 reverse sequence deviation records were identified, corresponding to the phenomena that the construction sequence between components C007, C009, and C012 and their previous components did not match.

[0036] Please refer to Figure 5 , the node offset analysis module includes: The time offset identification sub-module calculates the completion time offset according to the ID information of each component in the process reverse sequence deviation record table, combines the planned completion time and the actual completion time, retains the record items with complete time data, records the component ID and the offset days, and obtains the completion time offset sequence; According to the ID information of each component in the process reverse sequence deviation record table, call the planned completion time field and the actual completion time field in the construction progress time mapping table, establish field pairing according to the component ID, read the corresponding two time data and convert them into the standard format (year-month-day) uniformly, perform the operation of subtracting the planned completion time from the actual completion time, and obtain the time difference in days as the completion time offset. If the planned completion time is earlier than the actual completion time, it is a positive value indicating lag, otherwise it is a negative value indicating early. In practical applications, for example, if the planned completion time of component C015 is November 12, 2024, and the actual completion time is November 9, 2024, the offset is -3 days, indicating that the component is completed ahead of schedule. If the planned completion time of component C019 is November 8, 2024, and the actual completion time is November 12, 2024, the offset is +4 days, indicating lag. All offset results are written into the structure array together with the component ID. During the processing, if a component record with a missing time field is encountered, it is excluded from the analysis. The calculation of the time offset is strictly based on the real timestamp in the field rather than the relative coding. All processed data is sorted in ascending order of the component number, as shown in the following table: Table 3 Component Completion Time Offset Table

[0037] As shown in Table 3, the offset values of components C015, C016, and C019 have been obtained and recorded in the database, and the completion time offset sequence has been obtained.

[0038] The offset type determination sub-module compares the size between the completion time offset and the float time according to the completion time offset sequence and combines the float time value corresponding to each component in the project schedule network diagram, determines the component offset type, and obtains the component offset type set; Based on the offset values of each component in the completion time offset sequence, a numerical comparison is made with the float time configured for each component in the project schedule network plan. The float time is used as the tolerance value for allowed offset, with the unit being days. The system uses the criterion that the absolute value of the offset is greater than the float time. If the number of offset days is positive and exceeds the float time, it is "ahead"; if the offset is negative and exceeds the limit, it is "behind"; if the offset value is within the float time tolerance range, it is "neutral". In actual judgment, the float time is set to 2 days. Then, for C015 with an offset of -3 days which is less than -2, it is judged as behind; for C016 with an offset of +1 day which is less than +2, it is judged as neutral; for C019 with an offset of +4 days which is greater than +2, it is judged as ahead. All results are output in combination with the component ID as the index and the offset type field, as shown below: Table 4 Component Offset Type Judgment Table

[0039] Referring to Table 4, the component offset types have been clearly classified and registered to obtain the component offset type set.

[0040] The schedule weight summary sub-module extracts the path position numbers of each component in the critical path according to the component offset type set and the deviation quantity in the reverse order deviation record table of the process, using the formula: ; Calculate the component impact weight value and integrate and sort the summary according to the component ID to establish a schedule deviation index set. Among them, is the position number of component on the critical path, is the number of offset days of component , is the allowable float time value corresponding to component , is the sequential deviation quantity of component , is the construction risk level of the work area to which component belongs (set as a discrete integer value from 1 to 5, and the larger the value, the greater the risk); According to the component offset type set and the reverse order quantity of each component in the reverse order deviation record table, further extract the position numbers of each component in the critical path network diagram. The larger this number is, the later its position. Subsequently, set the offset direction value to +1 (ahead), 0 (neutral), -1 (behind), calculate the absolute value of the number of offset days corresponding to the offset direction value, multiply this value by the path number, and then divide by the float time plus 1 to construct the time schedule impact term. At the same time, extract the construction risk level of the work area to which each component belongs, with the level range from 1 to 5, and multiply it by the square root of the product of the sequential deviation quantity as the space disturbance term. Finally, sum the two parts to obtain the schedule impact weight value of this component. The calculation example is as follows: Table 5 Component Progress Impact Weight Table

[0041] As shown in Table 5, for the component with path number C015 being 16, absolute offset being 3, float time being 2, deviation number being 3, and risk level being 4, substitute into the formula: ; After calculating the impact values of all components, uniformly register them to establish a set of schedule deviation indicators.

[0042] The component impact weight value is a comprehensive indicator used to quantify the impact intensity of a single component on the overall construction progress fluctuation. This value not only reflects the sensitivity of the component's time delay or lead in the critical path to the project cycle, but also integrates whether there is reverse construction behavior in its process and the construction risk level of the work area where it is located, thus establishing a quantitative relationship among "component criticality, schedule offset degree, and sequential disturbance risk". The larger this value is, the more critical the component is in the current project network structure and the more it is affected by double disturbances of time and space, and it needs to be given priority attention and adjustment in construction scheduling and control, with clear guiding significance for construction regulation priority.

[0043] The operation logic design of the formula aims to comprehensively reflect the impact degree of the time offset of the component in the critical path on the overall project progress. First, this part reflects the realistic law that the impact on the overall progress is greater when the offset event occurs in the later stage of the construction process by multiplying the position number of the component on the critical path by the absolute value of its time offset , and at the same time consider the float time as a buffer factor, and add 1 to the denominator to avoid abnormal amplification caused by zero values. This part forms a time impact metric, and the second half is used to quantify the spatial disturbance risk caused by the component's sequential misalignment. By multiplying the number of sequential deviations by the construction risk level and then taking the square root, it represents the product relationship between the deviation concentration degree and the uncertainty of the construction environment. The square root operation is intended to compress the impact of extreme high values on the overall weight and ensure a stable growth rate for the risk term. Finally, add the two parts together to form a schedule impact weight value that integrates both time and space disturbance factors.

[0044] Please refer to Figure 6 , the planned time control module includes: The time offset integration sub-module obtains the progress impact weight and the original planned start time corresponding to each component according to the progress deviation index set, calculates the total time offset to be adjusted, sorts all the adjustment results by component number, and obtains the component time adjustment value sequence; According to the impact weight coefficient and the original planned start time of each component in the progress deviation index set, it is necessary to extract the component number item by item as an index, combine the original planned start time field, parse the time format and standardize it into the unified year-month-day form. Subsequently, using the impact weight coefficient and the time offset of each component as variables, a time adjustment value is generated by superposition. This adjustment value represents the time length that the component needs to be adjusted due to the previous offset, and the unit is days. If the offset is positive, the adjustment direction is postponed; if it is negative, it means the plan is advanced. Taking component C021 as an example, its original planned time is November 10, 2024, the offset is +3 days, and the adjusted value after the impact weight is converted is +2 days. Then the new start point is adjusted to November 15, 2024. During this process, field verification needs to be performed on each record. If the planned start time field is missing or the format is abnormal, this component is excluded from subsequent processing. All components that successfully obtain the adjusted time are recorded in a structured manner with the component number, the new start time, and the time offset value to form a unified data set.

[0045] Table 6 Component Time Adjustment Value Table

[0046] As shown in Table 6, the planned time of each component after adjustment is updated through the joint operation of the offset and the impact factor to obtain the component time adjustment value sequence.

[0047] The time update control sub-module arranges the component time adjustment value sequence in ascending order according to the construction priority number, performs the backward transfer of the time value in sequence, combines the maximum allowable project duration compression limit value as a constraint condition for adjustment, re-archives and organizes the adjusted time of each component, and obtains the planned time value after compression control; Adjust the component time adjustment value sequence, sort it in ascending order according to the construction priority number, and perform time update operations sequentially starting from the component with the smallest number. During the transmission process, use the completion time of the previous component as the starting reference value for the next component. If the adjusted time of the next component is earlier than that of the previous component, perform backward alignment correction to avoid time overlap or crossing. At the same time, record the number of corrected days for each correction. Set the project duration compression limit value to the maximum allowable adjustment value agreed in the project contract, for example, 10 days. If the compression sum of a component exceeds this value after correction, mark it as a compression limit overflow and force it to callback to the limit boundary. Construct a compression boundary value field bound to the component index to record the compression source and the current offset source component number. During this process, if the original planned time of component C023 is November 20, 2024, but it is postponed to November 28, 2024 due to the postponement of the previous component, and the compression amplitude is 8 days, which does not exceed the boundary value, then retain the new time. Otherwise, reposition to the compression limit control time, perform boundary time assignment, and then uniformly update the structure to generate the planned time value after compression control.

[0048] The node writing generation sub-module performs field-level replacement on the construction nodes of each component in the planned BIM model according to the planned time value after compression control, combined with the component ID, and performs field consistency verification to establish the BIM planned node regulation result; Based on the planned time value after compression control, synchronously write the new planned time of each component into the node field of the BIM planned model. When performing the node data update operation, first match the component instance in the BIM model according to the component ID, and call the construction time parameter in the node of this component. After positioning with the "start time" field, perform the time field replacement operation. All update operations need to pass the field consistency verification before data writing, including the standardization of the time format and the existence of the component. If it is found that the field is missing, the time does not conform to the specification, or the component does not exist, skip writing this component and record it in the error handling list. All successfully written components will package the updated start time, component number, and associated batch identifier into the BIM model writing log for subsequent data tracing. After writing is completed, count the total number of components involved in this operation, the number of written fields, the number of components with exceptions, and the skipped entry index, and uniformly output them as the regulation result items to establish the BIM planned node regulation result.

[0049] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it does not limit the present invention in other forms. Any person skilled in the art may use the disclosed technical content to make changes or modifications into equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes and apply them to other fields. However, as long as it does not depart from the technical solution content of the present invention, any simple modification, equivalent change, and modification made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention still fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A construction progress analysis and control system based on a BIM model, characterized in that, The system includes: The component sequence identification module obtains the position information of BIM model components, reads the Z-axis coordinates of the components for spatial priority sorting, compares the components with the same Z-axis coordinates using the X-axis and Y-axis coordinates respectively, identifies the logical sequence of construction processes, outputs the construction priority number, and establishes a component installation sequence table; The component time collection module counts the status data of each component at the construction site, determines the component ID to match the construction completion status and extracts the completion time, combines the component installation sequence table to establish a sequence number, corresponds to the actual completion time, and generates a construction progress time mapping table; The sequence deviation identification module reads the construction priority number of the component according to the construction progress time mapping table, compares it with the completion time of all previous components one by one, marks the process reverse sequence deviation, and records the component ID, the previous component ID and the time difference, and establishes a process reverse sequence deviation record table; The node offset analysis module calculates the completion time offset according to the process reverse sequence deviation record table, judges the offset type according to the schedule plan float time, combines the offset direction and the number of sequence deviations, summarizes the progress influence weight coefficients of each component, and establishes a progress deviation index set.

2. The construction progress analysis and control system based on the BIM model according to claim 1, wherein The component installation sequence table includes the construction priority number, the component ID, and the component spatial position information. The construction progress time mapping table includes the component ID and the component completion time. The process reverse sequence deviation record table includes the current component ID, the previous component ID, the time difference, and the reverse sequence mark. The progress deviation index set includes the progress offset type, the offset time amount, and the progress influence weight coefficient.

3. The construction progress analysis and control system based on the BIM model according to claim 1, characterized in that, The component sequence identification module includes: The spatial coordinate extraction sub-module obtains the unique ID of all components and the corresponding Z-axis, X-axis, and Y-axis coordinate values based on the three-dimensional positioning information of the components in the BIM model, calls the Z-axis coordinate value according to the component ID for spatial data extraction, and performs deduplication and sorting processing on all the extracted coordinate sets to obtain the component three-dimensional coordinate sequence; The component sequence judgment sub-module performs ascending sorting processing based on the Z-axis coordinate values of all components in the component three-dimensional coordinate sequence. For components with the same Z-axis value, it reads the X-axis and Y-axis coordinates, calculates the component spatial installation sequence value, and performs ascending sorting to obtain the relative position priority of the components under the local spatial relationship, and generates a component spatial sequence value list; The priority number generation sub-module generates the priority installation number according to the sorting order of the components in the component spatial sequence value list, assigns the numbers to the component IDs in ascending order and outputs the corresponding relationship, and obtains the component installation sequence number table.

4. The construction progress analysis and control system based on the BIM model according to claim 1, wherein The component time collection module includes: The status confirmation sub-module collects the component inspection data in the construction site inspection form, extracts the component ID and the inspection status field associated with each inspection record, marks the valid components, filters out the remaining uncompleted records, and generates a set of construction completed components; The time extraction sub-module reads the time data of each component in the completed state according to the component ID in the set of components completed in construction, generates a time array corresponding to the component ID, performs cross-checking based on the time differences of all components, and sorts them in chronological order to obtain the completion time sequence; The time mapping sub-module constructs a two-field matching relationship between the component ID and the time field based on the completion time sequence and the component ID, combines the component installation sequence number field, performs matching verification and one-to-one combination to establish a construction progress time mapping table.

5. The construction progress analysis and control system based on the BIM model according to claim 1, wherein The sequence deviation identification module includes: The pre-component extraction sub-module extracts the component ID and the corresponding construction priority number according to the construction progress time mapping table, searches for the component entries with all construction priority numbers less than the current component, then reads the completion time information, and performs data mapping between all the pre-components corresponding to the current component and the completion time to obtain the pre-time association table; The time deviation judgment sub-module compares the completion time of the current component with that of each of its pre-components one by one according to the pre-time association table. If it is found that the completion time of any pre-component is later than the time of the current component, the component ID and the pre-component ID are recorded, and the time difference is calculated and marked as a process reverse order deviation to obtain the reverse order deviation mark table; The reverse order record generation sub-module records the current component ID, the pre-component ID and the time difference according to the reverse order deviation mark table, constructs each reverse order relationship data entry, sorts the deviation components according to the component ID, performs reverse order behavior mapping between components, and establishes a process reverse order deviation record table.

6. The construction progress analysis and control system based on the BIM model according to claim 1, wherein The node offset analysis module includes: The time offset identification sub-module calculates the completion time offset according to the ID information of each component in the process reverse order deviation record table, combines the planned completion time and the actual completion time, retains the record items with complete time data, records the component ID and the offset days to obtain the completion time offset sequence; The offset type determination sub-module performs a size comparison between the completion time offset and the float time according to the completion time offset sequence and combines the float time value corresponding to each component in the project progress network diagram to judge the component offset type and obtain the component offset type set; The progress weight summary sub-module extracts the path position number of each component in the critical path according to the component offset type set and the deviation quantity in the process reverse order deviation record table, calculates the component influence weight value, integrates and sorts them according to the component ID, and establishes a progress deviation index set.

7. The construction progress analysis and control system based on the BIM model according to claim 1, characterized in that The system further includes: The planned time regulation module updates the time of subsequent components according to the construction priority number by superimposing the corresponding offset time amount based on the progress influence weight coefficient of each component in the progress deviation index set and the original planned start time, limits the progress compression limit value, and writes the updated time information into the construction node of the planned BIM model to generate the BIM planned node regulation result; The BIM planned node regulation result includes the component ID, the updated construction start time, the progress compression limit parameter, and the construction node time correction status record.

8. The construction progress analysis and control system based on the BIM model according to claim 7, wherein, The planned time regulation module includes: The time offset integration sub-module obtains the progress impact weight and the original planned start time corresponding to each component according to the progress deviation index set, calculates the total value of the time offset to be adjusted, sorts all the adjustment results according to the component number, and obtains the component time adjustment value sequence; The time update control sub-module arranges the component time adjustment value sequence in ascending order according to the construction priority number, performs the backward transfer of the time value in turn, and makes adjustments by combining the maximum allowable project duration compression limit value as a constraint condition. The adjusted time of each component is re-archived and sorted to obtain the planned time value after compression control; The node writing and generation sub-module performs field-level replacement on the construction nodes of each component in the planned BIM model according to the component ID in combination with the planned time value after compression control, and performs field consistency verification to establish the BIM planned node regulation result.

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