Comprehensive carbon sink measuring and calculating method and device integrating vegetation carbon sink and geological carbon sink and medium

Abstract

The invention discloses a comprehensive carbon sink measuring and calculating method and device integrating vegetation carbon sink and geological carbon sink and a medium, and relates to the technical field of carbon sink accounting. The method comprises the following steps: calculating vegetation net primary productivity according to photosynthetically active radiation and light energy utilization rate; checking the distribution condition of the regional soil heterotrophic respiratory capacity to obtain the regional soil heterotrophic respiratory capacity; based on the vegetation net primary productivity and the regional soil heterotrophic respiratory capacity, vegetation carbon sink accounting is carried out, and a vegetation carbon sink grid is obtained; estimating geological carbon sequestration based on an infiltration-carbonate equilibrium chemical method to obtain a geological carbon sequestration grid; and performing spatial superposition on the vegetation carbon sink grids and the geological carbon sink grids to obtain comprehensive carbon sink grid data, and performing spatial interpolation and hierarchical classification on the comprehensive carbon sink grid data to obtain a carbon sink spatial distribution map. According to the method, a comprehensive carbon sequestration measurement and calculation system capable of integrating the CASA model and the infiltration-carbonate equilibrium chemical method is constructed, so that the carbon sequestration capacity of the scenic spot is comprehensively and scientifically evaluated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of carbon sink accounting, and more specifically, to a comprehensive carbon sink calculation method, device and medium that integrates vegetation carbon sink and geological carbon sink. Background Art

[0002] Vegetation carbon sink and geological carbon sink are important components of terrestrial carbon sink. It is estimated that the global forest carbon sink is about 4.037PgCO2·a -1 , accounting for about 80% of the terrestrial carbon sink. The academic community has conducted extensive research on forest carbon sink assessment at different scales, from the sample plot scale to the regional scale and the global scale. Traditionally, the methods for measuring forest carbon sinks include sample plot inventory method, eddy covariance method, remote sensing estimation method and model simulation method. Due to the wide range of forest carbon sink estimation, it is difficult to conduct comprehensive ground measurements directly. Therefore, large-scale forest carbon sink assessment in recent years has mainly relied on empirical models and biophysical models. Among the many carbon sink assessment models, the light energy utilization rate model (CASA) has become one of the most widely used models in forest carbon sink research due to its high adaptability to vegetation productivity estimation. The CASA model is based on remote sensing data and meteorological data, combined with the light energy utilization rate theory to calculate the net primary productivity (NPP) of vegetation, and then the carbon sink is estimated by the carbon conversion coefficient. The model can well simulate the dynamic changes of forest carbon sinks in time and space, and is widely used in forest carbon sink monitoring in different regions, such as the Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan Green Heart Area, Shilin County and the inland river basin of the Inner Mongolia Plateau. In recent years, the application of CASA model in forest carbon sink monitoring has become increasingly mature, and has become an important tool for carbon sink spatiotemporal evolution analysis and influencing factor research. However, the application of CASA model is mainly focused on vegetation carbon sink, and there are still limitations in the calculation of geological carbon sink, which makes it difficult to accurately reflect the carbon sink characteristics of scenic spots.

[0003] The global carbonate rock formation area accounts for about 15.2% of the land area, and its annual carbon sink is about 6×10t. The geological carbon sink generated by karstification is an important part of the terrestrial carbon sink. In recent years, the concept of karst carbon sink as a global "missing sink" has gradually attracted attention. At present, the research on karst carbon sink mainly focuses on the weathering process of carbonate rocks and its absorption mechanism of atmospheric CO. Common measurement methods include the hydrochemical runoff method and the dissolution coupon method. However, these methods are affected by the boundary conditions of the basin and the heterogeneity of karst soil, and there are problems of insufficient applicability in large-scale carbon sink accounting. To improve the accuracy and wide applicability of karst carbon sink measurement, the "infiltration-carbonate equilibrium chemistry method" has been gradually applied to large-scale carbon sink assessment. This method estimates the geological carbon sink intensity by analyzing the chemical compositions of precipitation, soil water and groundwater, and combining the carbon balance calculation in the weathering process of carbonate rocks. Research shows that this method can calculate the carbon sink contribution relatively stably under different climate and hydrological conditions, and is more suitable for large-scale karst carbon sink measurement compared with the traditional hydrochemical runoff method. However, at present, the research on the spatio-temporal variation, control mechanism and coupling relationship with vegetation carbon sink of karst carbon sink is still relatively limited, and there is a lack of a unified comprehensive carbon sink measurement framework, which to a certain extent restricts the application of karst area carbon sink in the carbon neutrality goal.

[0004] At present, there are significant deficiencies in the carbon sink accounting of scenic spots. On the one hand, in the vegetation carbon sink measurement method represented by the CASA model, although it can relatively accurately simulate the spatio-temporal changes of the carbon sink in forest ecosystems, this model only estimates the carbon sink based on the net primary productivity (NPP) of vegetation and the carbon conversion coefficient, completely ignoring the contribution of carbonate rock weathering carbon sink that is widespread in karst areas. Therefore, using the CASA model alone will lead to a serious underestimation of the carbon sink in scenic spots, making it difficult for the carbon sink accounting results to accurately reflect the true carbon budget in karst areas. On the other hand, the current geological carbon sink measurement methods still mainly rely on the hydrochemical runoff method and the corrosion coupon method. The hydrochemical runoff method estimates the absorption amount of CO during the karstification process by monitoring the chemical composition changes in river or groundwater systems. This method can better reflect the carbon migration process in the hydrological system, but its calculation results are greatly affected by the basin area, precipitation, and hydrological cycle changes, and it is difficult to be promoted on a large scale. The corrosion coupon method estimates the carbon sink amount generated by carbonate rock weathering by placing standard carbonate rock coupons in the karst environment and measuring their corrosion rates. Although this method has high measurement accuracy at the microscale, it is limited by the representativeness of the sampling area and is difficult to apply to large-scale carbon sink measurement. In addition, the corrosion coupon method has a long measurement cycle and requires long-term monitoring, resulting in its limited application in regional carbon sink research. The infiltration-carbonate equilibrium chemistry method, as a relatively advanced geological carbon sink measurement method, overcomes the limitations of traditional methods to a certain extent. This method can be used to quantitatively evaluate the spatio-temporal changes of geological carbon sinks by analyzing the chemical compositions of precipitation, soil water, and groundwater and combining the carbon balance calculation during the carbonate rock weathering process. However, due to problems such as complex data collection and small application scope, this method is less applied at the scenic spot scale level.

[0005] Generally speaking, the existing forest carbon sink and geological carbon sink measurement methods are independent of each other, and no comprehensive accounting method that can integrate vegetation carbon sink and geological carbon sink has been formed, resulting in obvious deficiencies in the carbon sink accounting of scenic spots. The forest carbon sink measurement method ignores the geological carbon sink, while the geological carbon sink measurement method lacks systematic application on a large scale, leading to an underestimation or misjudgment of the carbon sink capacity in karst areas in the overall assessment. This limitation not only affects the accuracy of carbon sink assessment but also restricts the scientific management and carbon sink trading potential of scenic spots under the carbon neutrality policy. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a comprehensive carbon sink measurement system that can integrate the CASA model and the infiltration-carbonate equilibrium chemistry method to comprehensively and scientifically evaluate the carbon sink capacity of scenic spots and improve the accuracy and applicability of carbon sink accounting results. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, this application provides a comprehensive carbon sink measurement method, device, and medium that integrate vegetation carbon sink and geological carbon sink to achieve comprehensive and scientific accounting of the carbon sink in the target area.

[0007] In a first aspect, the present application provides a comprehensive carbon sink measurement method that integrates vegetation carbon sinks and geological carbon sinks. The method includes:

[0008] Calculating the net primary productivity of vegetation based on photosynthetically active radiation and light use efficiency;

[0009] Accounting for the distribution of regional soil heterotrophic respiration to obtain the regional soil heterotrophic respiration;

[0010] Based on the net primary productivity of the vegetation and the regional soil heterotrophic respiration, conducting vegetation carbon sink accounting to obtain a vegetation carbon sink grid;

[0011] Estimating the geological carbon sink based on the infiltration-carbonate equilibrium chemistry method to obtain a geological carbon sink grid;

[0012] Spatially overlaying the vegetation carbon sink grid and the geological carbon sink grid to obtain comprehensive carbon sink grid data, and performing spatial interpolation and hierarchical classification on the comprehensive carbon sink grid data to obtain a carbon sink spatial distribution map.

[0013] Further, based on photosynthetically active radiation and light use efficiency, the net primary productivity of vegetation is calculated through the following formula:

[0014] NPP(x,t) = APAR(x,t) × ε(x,t)

[0015] In the formula, the photosynthetically active radiation APAR is the photosynthetically active radiation at spatial position x within time t; ε(x,t) refers to the unit actual light use efficiency at position x within time t; NPP(x,t) is the net primary productivity of vegetation at spatial position x within time t.

[0016] Further, when calculating the net primary productivity of vegetation, the calculation formula for the photosynthetically active radiation APAR absorbed by the vegetation is:

[0017] APAR(x,t) = SOL(x,t) × FPAR(x,t) × 0.5

[0018] In the formula, FPAR(x,t) is the proportion of incident photosynthetically active radiation absorbed by the vegetation canopy at spatial position x within unit time t months; SOL(x,t) is the total solar radiation at spatial position x within unit time t months;

[0019] Estimate FPAR through the following formula:

[0020]

[0021] Where FPAR(x,t) is the proportion of incident photosynthetically active radiation absorbed by the vegetation canopy at spatial location x within the unit time t (month), NDVI(x,t) is the NDVI value of the pixel, NDVI i,min and NDVI i,max represent the maximum and minimum NDVI values of the i-th vegetation type respectively; FPAR max and FPAR min are constants, and their values are independent of the vegetation type, being 0.95 and 0.001 respectively.

[0022] The total solar radiation SOL is calculated in the following way:

[0023] Calculate the extraterrestrial radiation, and the calculation formula is:

[0024]

[0025] Where ρ o is the solar constant; d r is the relative sun-earth distance at the extraterrestrial atmosphere; w s is the solar hour angle; is the latitude, δ is the solar declination; S o is the extraterrestrial radiation;

[0026] Each parameter is calculated by the following formulas for d r and δ:

[0027]

[0028] Where J is the number of days in a year;

[0029] w is calculated by the following formula s :

[0030]

[0031] Based on the extraterrestrial radiation, the total solar radiation SOL is calculated by the following formula:

[0032]

[0033] Where N is the maximum number of hours, n represents the actual sunshine hours, represents the sunshine percentage, and a and b are empirical parameters.

[0034] Furthermore, when calculating the net primary productivity of vegetation, the calculation of the light use efficiency is expressed by the formula:

[0035] ε(x,t) = T ε1 (x,t) × T ε2 (x,t) × W ε (x,t) × εmax

[0036] In the formula, T ε1 (x, t), T ε2 (x, t) respectively represent two temperature stress influence coefficients at the spatial position x within the time t, and are used to characterize the stress effects of low temperature and high temperature on the light energy utilization rate; W ε (x, t) is the water stress coefficient at the spatial position x within the time t; ε max is the maximum light energy utilization rate;

[0037] T ε1 (x, t) and T ε2 (x, t) are calculated through the following formula:

[0038] T ε1 (x, t) = 0.8 + 0.02 × T opt (x, t) - 0.0005 × [T opt (x, t)] 2

[0039]

[0040] In the formula, T opt (x, t) is the average temperature of the corresponding month when the NDVI value in the region reaches the highest within a year; when the average temperature of a certain month is less than or equal to -10 °C, T ε1 (x, t) takes 0; (x, t) represents the monthly average air temperature; when the difference between the average temperature of a certain month and T opt (x) is greater than 10 °C or less than 13 °C, then the T ε2 (x, t) value of this month is equal to half of the T opt (x) value when T(x, t) is T ε2 (x, t), that is, when T(x, t) - Topt(x) > 10 or T(x, t) - Topt(x) < 13:

[0041] Calculation of the water stress factor:

[0042] The water stress factor coefficient W s is calculated through the following formula:

[0043]

[0044] In the formula, EET(x, t) represents the actual evapotranspiration at the spatial position x within the unit time t months; PET(x, t) represents the potential evapotranspiration at the spatial position x within the unit time t months;

[0045] The calculation formula for the potential evapotranspiration PET is:

[0046]

[0047] In the formula, T mean is the regional average temperature, T max is the regional maximum temperature, T min is the regional minimum temperature; PET is the potential evapotranspiration; where R a is the solar radiation.

[0048] Furthermore, the distribution of the regional soil heterotrophic respiration amount is calculated through the following formula to obtain the regional soil heterotrophic respiration amount:

[0049] Rh = 0.22 * (Exp(0.0913T) + Ln(0.3145P1 + 1) * 30 * 46.5%

[0050] In the formula, T is the monthly average air temperature, P1 is the monthly total precipitation, and Rh represents the regional soil heterotrophic respiration amount; Exp and Ln respectively represent the exponential operation with the natural constant e as the base and the logarithmic operation with the natural constant e as the base.

[0051] 6. The integrated carbon sink measurement method for integrating vegetation carbon sink and geological carbon sink according to claim 1, wherein the method for estimating the geological carbon sink based on the infiltration - carbonate equilibrium chemistry method includes:

[0052] Express the maximum annual dissolution rate D of carbonate rock max as:

[0053]

[0054] In the formula: P is the annual precipitation; ET0 is the annual actual evapotranspiration of the land surface; (Ca 2+ ) eq is the calcium concentration at equilibrium; γCa and γHCO3 2- are the activity coefficients of Ca 2+ , HCO3 - ions in water respectively; PCO2 is the carbon dioxide partial pressure; K s is the carbonate rock dissolution rate constant; K1 and K2 are the first - order and second - order dissociation constants of carbonic acid respectively; K0 is the solubility constant of carbon dioxide in water.

[0055] Subtract the calculated evapotranspiration value from the annual precipitation P of each meteorological station, and the difference between the two is the runoff depth D of the region;

[0056] Calculate the maximum carbon sink intensity CSF generated by karstification through the following formula max :

[0057]

[0058] The annual flux of karst carbon sink is calculated by the following formula:

[0059] CSFs = 6DC

[0060] Where: CSFs is the intensity of carbonate rock weathering carbon sink, and C is the HCO3 concentration at carbonate equilibrium under the climate of this region. - Concentration.

[0061] Furthermore, spatially overlay the vegetation carbon sink grid and the geological carbon sink grid to obtain comprehensive carbon sink grid data, including:

[0062] Resample the vegetation carbon sink grid and the geological carbon sink grid to ensure that the two data have the same spatial resolution and coordinate system;

[0063] Perform pixel-by-pixel calculation on the resampled vegetation carbon sink grid and geological carbon sink grid to achieve grid summation and obtain comprehensive carbon sink grid data.

[0064] Furthermore, the formula for performing pixel-by-pixel calculation on the resampled vegetation carbon sink grid and geological carbon sink grid is expressed as:

[0065] Ctotal(x,y) = Cvegetation(x,y) + Cgeological(x,y)

[0066] Where, Ctotal(x,y) is the total carbon sink, Cvegetation(x,y) is the value of the vegetation carbon sink grid, and Cgeological(x,y) is the value of the geological carbon sink grid.

[0067] In a second aspect, the present application provides a comprehensive carbon sink measurement device for integrating vegetation carbon sink and geological carbon sink, and the device includes:

[0068] A first calculation unit configured to calculate the net primary productivity of vegetation according to the photosynthetically active radiation and the light energy utilization rate;

[0069] A second calculation unit configured to account for the distribution of the regional soil heterotrophic respiration amount to obtain the regional soil heterotrophic respiration amount;

[0070] A vegetation carbon sink accounting unit configured to perform vegetation carbon sink accounting based on the net primary productivity of vegetation and the regional soil heterotrophic respiration amount to obtain a vegetation carbon sink grid;

[0071] A geological carbon sink accounting unit configured to estimate the geological carbon sink based on the infiltration-carbonate equilibrium chemical method to obtain a geological carbon sink grid;

[0072] A spatial analysis and visualization unit, configured to spatially overlay the vegetation carbon sink raster and the geological carbon sink raster to obtain integrated carbon sink raster data, and perform spatial interpolation and hierarchical classification on the integrated carbon sink raster data to obtain a carbon sink spatial distribution map.

[0073] In a third aspect, the present application provides a readable storage medium storing one or more programs, which can be executed by one or more processors to implement the method as described above.

[0074] The present application has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0075] 1) The present application can achieve the comprehensive measurement of the vegetation carbon sink and the geological carbon sink in the target area, overcoming the one-sidedness of the existing methods.

[0076] Specifically, the present application uses the CASA model to calculate the vegetation carbon sink, combines the infiltration-carbonate equilibrium chemistry method to calculate the geological carbon sink, and constructs a dual carbon sink collaborative measurement framework through GIS spatial overlay analysis.

[0077] Compared with only using the CASA model to estimate forest carbon sinks or only using the hydrochemical method to calculate geological carbon sinks, the solution of the present application can consider both the biological carbon sink and the geological carbon sink in karst areas at the same time, providing a more comprehensive and scientific carbon sink assessment result, thus avoiding underestimation or misjudgment caused by ignoring geological carbon sinks or vegetation carbon sinks in traditional methods.

[0078] 2) The present application improves the applicability of the infiltration-carbonate equilibrium chemistry method on a large scale and improves the accuracy of geological carbon sink measurement.

[0079] Specifically, the present application performs large-scale adaptation and optimization on the infiltration-carbonate equilibrium chemistry method, introduces multi-source information such as basin hydrological data, groundwater monitoring data, and meteorological data, and combines the karst hydrological model for dynamic parameter optimization.

[0080] The existing geological carbon sink measurement methods mainly rely on the hydrochemical runoff method and the corrosion coupon method, which are applicable to small-scale research and are difficult to be extended to the regional scale. By optimizing the hydrological-carbon sink coupling calculation, the present application enables the infiltration-carbonate equilibrium chemistry method to be effectively applied on the regional scale, thus avoiding the problems of insufficient local representativeness and excessive extrapolation error caused by single-point measurement methods and improving the estimation accuracy of geological carbon sinks.

[0081] 3) The present application performs spatial overlay analysis of carbon sink data based on GIS to achieve refined assessment of the spatio-temporal distribution of carbon sinks.

[0082] Specifically, in the process of carbon sink measurement in this application, remote sensing images and GIS technology are used to spatially process and rasterize the vegetation carbon sink data calculated by the CASA model and the geological carbon sink data calculated by the infiltration-carbonate equilibrium chemical method, and through multi-factor superposition calculation, the spatio-temporal distribution characteristics of the carbon sink in the scenic area are analyzed.

[0083] Compared with the traditional single-point or small-scale carbon sink estimation, the technical solution of this application can provide high-resolution and dynamically changing spatio-temporal distribution results of the carbon sink, avoiding the lack of spatial information caused by discrete data in the traditional method, improving the spatial accuracy and visualization ability of the carbon sink measurement results, and providing decision-making support for the ecological protection planning and carbon neutral management of the scenic area. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0084] Figure 1 Shows a flowchart of a comprehensive carbon sink measurement method integrating vegetation carbon sink and geological carbon sink according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0085] Figure 2 Shows a structural diagram of a comprehensive carbon sink measurement device integrating vegetation carbon sink and geological carbon sink according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0086] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of this application, the present application will be described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments. The embodiments of the present application will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and specific examples, but it is not a limitation to the present application. For the various steps described herein, if there is no necessity for a front-back relationship between them, the order in which they are described as examples herein should not be regarded as a limitation, and those skilled in the art should know that they can be adjusted in order as long as the logic between them is not destroyed and the entire process cannot be realized.

[0087] At present, the measurement of vegetation carbon sink mainly relies on the CASA model. Although this model can relatively accurately evaluate the spatio-temporal changes of forest carbon sink, it only considers the vegetation carbon absorption effect and ignores the geological carbon sink contributed by the weathering process of carbonate rocks, resulting in one-sidedness in carbon sink estimation. For existing geological carbon sink measurement methods, such as the hydrochemical runoff method and the dissolution coupon method, although they can be used to quantitatively calculate the CO2 absorption amount by karstification, their applicability at large scales is relatively low, and the calculation results are greatly affected by hydrological, climatic, and geological conditions. Although the infiltration-carbonate equilibrium chemistry method shows good geological carbon sink measurement ability in small-scale studies, its application at large scales is still less, and there is a lack of a standardized promotion plan. Therefore, the technical problem to be solved in this application is how to combine the CASA model with the infiltration-carbonate equilibrium chemistry method to form a comprehensive carbon sink measurement method applicable to scenic areas, so as to improve the integrity and accuracy of carbon sink assessment and provide a scientific basis for the carbon budget research and carbon neutrality policy implementation of scenic areas.

[0088] Based on this, the embodiments of this application provide a comprehensive carbon sink measurement method that integrates vegetation carbon sink and geological carbon sink. Next, the embodiments of this application will take a karst scenic area as the target area to describe the specific implementation principle and effect of this method. It can be understood that in other implementation manners, the target area can be selected according to the actual situation, including but not limited to the karst scenic area exemplified in the embodiments of this application.

[0089] The karst scenic area carbon sink accounting method constructed in the embodiments of this application mainly covers vegetation carbon sink accounting and geological carbon sink accounting, and the total carbon sink of the karst scenic area is the annual sum of the two. As Figure 1 shown, the comprehensive carbon sink measurement method that integrates vegetation carbon sink and geological carbon sink includes the following steps S10 to S50.

[0090] S10: Calculate the vegetation net primary productivity according to the photosynthetically active radiation and the light use efficiency.

[0091] In some embodiments, in the estimation of regional vegetation NPP, the CASA model has good practicability and can fully reflect the spatio-temporal distribution of regional vegetation NPP. The calculation formula for vegetation net primary productivity is:

[0092] NPP(x,t) = APAR(x,t) × ε(x,t)

[0093] In the formula, photosynthetically active radiation (APAR) is the photosynthetically active radiation at position x at time t; ε(x,t) refers to the unit interception light use efficiency at position x at time t; NPP(x,t) refers to the vegetation net primary productivity at spatial position x within a certain time t.

[0094] Among them, the calculation formula for the photosynthetically active radiation (APAR) absorbed by vegetation is:

[0095] APAR(x,t) = SOL(x,t) × FPAR(x,t) × 0.5

[0096] In the formula, FPAR(x,t) refers to the proportion of incident photosynthetically active radiation absorbed by the vegetation canopy at spatial position x within the unit time t (month); SOL(x,i) refers to the total solar radiation at spatial position x within the unit time t (month).

[0097] Regarding the estimation of FPAR. According to a large number of research results, the absorption coefficient of incident photosynthetically active radiation by the vegetation canopy is mainly determined by the green vegetation itself, and the relationship between FPAR and NDVI shows a good linear relationship, that is, the corresponding relationship is determined as follows:

[0098]

[0099] In the formula, FPAR(x,t) is the proportion of incident photosynthetically active radiation absorbed by the vegetation canopy at spatial position x within the unit time t (month), NDVI(x,t) is the NDVI value of the pixel, NDVI i,min and NDVI i,max respectively represent the maximum and minimum NDVI values of the i-th vegetation type; FPAR max and FPAR min are constant values, which are independent of the vegetation type and are 0.95 and 0.001 respectively.

[0100] The total solar radiation SOL refers to the total solar radiation at spatial position x within a certain time t; it is calculated by the following formula:

[0101]

[0102] In the formula, ρ o is a fixed value, and its value is taken as 0.082 MJ·m -2 .min -1 , which is called the solar constant; dr is the relative heliocentric distance outside the atmosphere; w s is called the solar hour angle; is called the latitude, δ is called the solar declination; S o is the radiation outside the atmosphere; each parameter is calculated by the following formula:

[0103]

[0104] In the formula, J is the number of days in a year.

[0105] The solar hour angle is calculated by the following formula:

[0106]

[0107] The calculation formula for the total solar radiation SOL is as follows:

[0108]

[0109] Where: N is the maximum number of hours (h), n represents the actual sunshine hours (h), n / N represents the sunshine percentage, and SOL is the solar radiation at the land surface; a and b are empirical parameters, and according to the established empirical relationship, a and b are taken as 0.229 and 0.679 respectively. The established empirical relationship is shown in Table 1.

[0110] Table 1 Parameter Table for Calculating the Total Solar Radiation in the Chinese Terrestrial Surface

[0111] area code I II Ⅲ IV V a 0.353 0.216 0.229 0.207 0.191 b 0.543 0.758 0.679 0.725 0.758

[0112] Photosynthetically active radiation utilization efficiency sub-model. The efficiency of converting the photosynthetically active radiation APAR absorbed by vegetation into organic carbon is called the photosynthetically active radiation utilization efficiency, with the unit of gC / MJ. The calculation of the photosynthetically active radiation utilization efficiency is expressed by the formula:

[0113] ε(x,t) = T ε1 (x,t) × T ε2 (x,t) × W ε (x,t) × ε max

[0114] Where, T ε1 , T ε2 respectively represent two temperature stress influence coefficients, which are used to characterize the stress effects of low temperature and high temperature on the photosynthetically active radiation utilization efficiency; W ε (x,t) is the water stress coefficient; ε max is the maximum photosynthetically active radiation utilization efficiency under ideal conditions.

[0115] The calculation formula for the temperature stress influence coefficient is:

[0116] T ε1 (x,t) = 0.8 + 0.02 × T opt (x,t) - 0.0005 × [T opt (x,t)] 2

[0117] Where, T opt (x,t) is the average temperature of the corresponding month when the NDVI value in the region reaches the highest in a year.

[0118] When the average temperature of a certain month is less than or equal to -10 °C, T ε1 (x,t) takes 0.

[0119]

[0120] When the difference between the average temperature T(x,t) of a certain month and the optimum temperature T opt (x) is greater than 10°C or less than -13°C, the value of T ε2 (x,t) of that month is equal to half of the value of T opt (x,t) when the monthly average temperature T(x,t) is the optimum temperature T ε2 (x), that is, when T(x,t) - Topt(x) > 10 or T(x,t) - Topt(x) < -13:

[0121]

[0122] Calculation of the water stress coefficient:

[0123] The water stress factor W ε (x,t) reflects the influence of water on the light energy conversion rate, and its calculation formula is:

[0124]

[0125] In the formula, EET(x,t) represents the actual evapotranspiration (mm) at the spatial position x within the unit time t months; PET(x,t) represents the potential evapotranspiration (mm) at the spatial position x within the unit time t months.

[0126] Estimation models of potential evapotranspiration include the Hargreaves formula, the P - M formula, the Tho formula, etc. According to different regions and time scales, the estimation models of regional potential evapotranspiration are also different. The embodiment of this application is based on the average temperature, the maximum temperature, and the minimum temperature as data bases, and uses the Hargreaves model to estimate potential evapotranspiration. Among them, the Hargreaves formula can be expressed as:

[0127]

[0128] In the formula, T mean is the regional average temperature, T max is the regional maximum temperature, T min is the regional minimum temperature; PET is the potential evapotranspiration; among them, R a is the solar radiation.

[0129] Determination of the maximum light energy utilization rate of vegetation. In this embodiment, it is determined according to the maximum light energy utilization rate of typical vegetation (Table 2), and the maximum light energy utilization rates corresponding to different vegetation types are also different.

[0130] Table 2 Parameter table of the maximum light energy utilization rate of vegetation

[0131]

[0132] S20: Calculate the distribution of the regional soil heterotrophic respiration amount to obtain the regional soil heterotrophic respiration amount.

[0133] In some embodiments, for the estimation of soil respiration amount, mechanism models and empirical models are the main methods for estimating regional soil microorganisms. The estimation of soil microorganisms is one of the main parameters for estimating the carbon source / sink of the regional ecosystem. Therefore, the accuracy of soil respiration estimation directly affects the result of net ecosystem productivity (NEP), thereby affecting the judgment of the regional carbon source / sink effect. Through the observation data obtained by the soil carbon flux automatic measurement system in the subalpine forest in northwestern Sichuan in the early stage, the embodiments of the present application calculate the distribution of the regional soil heterotrophic respiration amount (Rh), and the estimation formula is as follows:

[0134] Rh = 0.22 * (Exp(0.0913T) + Ln(0.3145P1 + 1) * 30 * 46.5%

[0135] In the formula, T is the monthly average temperature, P1 is the monthly total precipitation, and Rh represents the regional soil heterotrophic respiration amount; Exp and Ln respectively represent the exponential operation with the natural constant e as the base and the logarithmic operation with the natural constant e as the base.

[0136] S30: Based on the net primary productivity of vegetation and the regional soil heterotrophic respiration amount, conduct vegetation carbon sink accounting to obtain a vegetation carbon sink grid.

[0137] In some embodiments, for the estimation of the carbon source / sink of the ecosystem (i.e., vegetation carbon sink accounting), net ecosystem productivity (NEP) is an important indicator for estimating the carbon source and sink of the regional terrestrial ecosystem and has the ability to quantitatively and qualitatively describe the carbon source and sink. Without considering the influence of other natural and human conditions, the carbon source and sink of the terrestrial ecosystem can be obtained by the difference between vegetation NPP and soil respiration (Rh). The formula is as follows:

[0138] NEP = NPP - Rh

[0139] In the formula, NPP represents the net primary productivity of vegetation, Rh represents the soil heterotrophic respiration amount, and NEP represents the regional net ecosystem productivity. When it is greater than 0, it indicates that the region has a carbon sink effect, and when it is less than 0, it is a carbon source effect.

[0140] S40: Estimate the geological carbon sink based on the infiltration-carbonate equilibrium chemical method to obtain a geological carbon sink grid.

[0141] In one embodiment, the infiltration-carbonate equilibrium chemical method is introduced to estimate the geological carbon sink. Among them, the maximum annual dissolution rate D max (mol / (km 2 *a)) can be expressed as:

[0142]

[0143] Where: P is the annual precipitation; ET0 is the annual actual evapotranspiration of the land surface; (Ca 2+ ) eq is the calcium concentration at equilibrium; γCa and γHCO3 2- are the activity coefficients of Ca 2+ and HCO3 - ions in water respectively; PCO2 is the partial pressure of carbon dioxide; K s is the corrosion rate constant of carbonate rock; K1 and K2 are the first and second dissociation constants of carbonic acid respectively; K0 is the solubility constant of carbon dioxide in water.

[0144] Among them, the actual evapotranspiration of the land surface is calculated using the FAO56 Penman-Monteith model revised by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) in 1998. The specific calculation formula of this model is as follows:

[0145]

[0146] In the formula, ET0 is the potential evapotranspiration of the land surface, mm / d; Rn is the net solar radiation, MJ / (m 2 -d); G is the soil heat flux, MJ / (m 2 -d)"; γ is the psychrometric constant, kPa / °C; Δ is the slope of the saturation water vapor pressure curve, kPa / °C; U2 is the wind speed at 2 m height, m / s; es is the average saturation water vapor pressure, kPa; ea is the average saturation water vapor pressure, kPa; T is the average temperature, °C; K1 is the equilibrium constant for the hydration and dissociation of CO2 into HCO3 - ; K2 is the equilibrium constant for the formation of CO3 2－ ; K s is the solubility product constant of calcite; K0 is the equilibrium constant for the dissolution of CO2 in water, and pCO2 is the partial pressure of CO2 in the soil or aquifer.

[0147] After calculating the annual evapotranspiration of the scenic area, subtract the calculated evapotranspiration value from the annual precipitation P of each meteorological station. The difference between the two is the runoff depth Runoff depth (D) of the region.

[0148] On this basis, further calculate the maximum carbon sink intensity CSFmax generated by karstification:

[0149]

[0150] Among them, the partial pressure of CO2 in the soil (atm) can be calculated according to the Brook formula (Brook, 1983):

[0151] Log(pCO2) = -3.47 + 2.09(1 - e-0.00172AET )

[0152] In the formula: the actual evapotranspiration AET on the ground surface is replaced by ET0 calculated by the FAO Penman-Monteith model based on radiation correction in the Chinese region.

[0153] Finally, the annual flux of karst carbon sink is:

[0154] CSFs = 6DC

[0155] In the formula: CSFs is the carbonate rock weathering carbon sink intensity (t C km -2 a -1 ), D is the annual runoff depth per unit area in the basin (P - ET0, m / a), and C is the HCO3 concentration at carbonate equilibrium under the climate of this region (or can be written as [HCO3 - eq, mmol / L). - eq, mmol / L).

[0156] S50: Spatially overlay the vegetation carbon sink raster and the geological carbon sink raster to obtain the comprehensive carbon sink raster data, and perform spatial interpolation and hierarchical classification on the comprehensive carbon sink raster data to obtain the carbon sink spatial distribution map.

[0157] In some embodiments, in order to achieve a comprehensive accounting of the carbon sink in the karst scenic area, the present application uses the GIS spatial analysis method to sum up the vegetation carbon sink raster calculated by the CASA model and the geological carbon sink raster calculated by the infiltration-carbonate equilibrium chemical method. The specific steps include S51 to S53.

[0158] S51, raster standardization: Ensure that the data units of the vegetation carbon sink (kg C·m-2·a-1) and the geological carbon sink (kg C·m-2·a-1) are consistent. First, perform raster resampling to ensure that the two types of data have the same spatial resolution and coordinate system.

[0159] S52, spatial overlay: Use the GIS overlay operation to perform pixel-by-pixel calculation on the two types of carbon sink data to achieve raster summation. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0160] Ctotal(x,y) = Cvegetation(x,y) + Cgeological(x,y)

[0161] Among them, Ctotal(x,y) is the total carbon sink, Cvegetation(x,y) is the vegetation carbon sink raster value, and Cgeological(x,y) is the geological carbon sink raster value.

[0162] S53, Spatial Analysis and Visualization: Perform spatial interpolation and hierarchical classification on the comprehensive carbon sink raster data, draw the spatial distribution map of the carbon sink in the karst scenic area, and analyze the spatio-temporal evolution trend of the carbon sink based on historical data.

[0163] In summary, a comprehensive carbon sink measurement method for karst scenic areas that combines the CASA model and the infiltration-carbonate equilibrium chemistry method is constructed, breaking through the limitations of existing carbon sink measurement methods being independent of each other and unable to comprehensively evaluate the carbon sink in karst scenic areas. Specifically, the present application has achieved the following innovations:

[0164] First, the regional vegetation carbon sink accounting of the CASA model: Based on remote sensing data, meteorological data (such as temperature, precipitation, solar radiation, etc.) and land use type data, the present application uses the CASA model to calculate the net primary productivity (NPP) of the vegetation in the karst scenic area, and combines the regionally adapted carbon conversion coefficient to correct the application deviation of the CASA model in the karst scenic area, enabling it to more accurately measure the vegetation carbon sink in this region.

[0165] Second, the improvement of the applicability of the infiltration-carbonate equilibrium chemistry method at the scenic area scale: The present application integrates the calculation process of the infiltration-carbonate equilibrium chemistry method, introduces hydrological data at the scenic area scale, and combines the karst hydrological model for dynamic parameter optimization, enabling this method to be applicable to the measurement of geological carbon sink at the scenic area scale.

[0166] Third, the integration of the dual carbon sink measurement methods: The present application proposes a comprehensive carbon sink calculation framework. With the support of a geographic information system (GIS), rasterize the vegetation carbon sink data calculated by the CASA model and the geological carbon sink data calculated by the infiltration-carbonate equilibrium chemistry method, and achieve the comprehensive measurement of different carbon sink sources in the karst scenic area through spatial overlay analysis. This method breaks through the existing mode of independent calculation of vegetation carbon sink and geological carbon sink, and realizes the unified evaluation of the two.

[0167] Compared with the prior art, the biggest difference of the present application is the organic combination of the CASA model and the infiltration-carbonate equilibrium chemistry method to construct a comprehensive carbon sink accounting method for karst scenic areas, and through large-scale adaptation optimization, GIS spatial analysis and data fusion correction, a more scientific and comprehensive measurement of the terrestrial carbon sink in karst scenic areas is achieved.

[0168] The embodiment of the present application also provides a comprehensive carbon sink measurement device that integrates vegetation carbon sink and geological carbon sink, as Figure 2 shown. The device includes:

[0169] The first calculation unit 201 is configured to calculate the vegetation net primary productivity according to the photosynthetically active radiation and the light use efficiency;

[0170] The second calculation unit 202 is configured to calculate the distribution of the regional soil heterotrophic respiration amount to obtain the regional soil heterotrophic respiration amount;

[0171] The vegetation carbon sink accounting unit 203 is configured to perform vegetation carbon sink accounting based on the vegetation net primary productivity and the regional soil heterotrophic respiration amount to obtain a vegetation carbon sink grid;

[0172] The geological carbon sink accounting unit 204 is configured to estimate the geological carbon sink based on the infiltration-carbonate equilibrium chemistry method to obtain a geological carbon sink grid;

[0173] The spatial analysis and visualization unit 205 is configured to spatially overlay the vegetation carbon sink grid and the geological carbon sink grid to obtain integrated carbon sink grid data, and perform spatial interpolation and hierarchical classification on the integrated carbon sink grid data to obtain a carbon sink spatial distribution map.

[0174] In some embodiments, the first calculation unit is further configured to calculate the vegetation net primary productivity according to the photosynthetically active radiation and the light energy utilization rate through the following formula:

[0175] NPP(x,t) = APAR(x,t) × ε(x,t)

[0176] In the formula, the photosynthetically active radiation APAR is the photosynthetically active radiation at the spatial position x within the time t; ε(x,t) refers to the unit actual light energy utilization rate at the position x within the time t; NPP(x,t) is the vegetation net primary productivity at the spatial position x within the time t.

[0177] In some embodiments, when calculating the vegetation net primary productivity, the first calculation unit is further configured that the calculation formula of the photosynthetically active radiation APAR absorbed by the vegetation is:

[0178] APAR(x,t) = SOL(x,t) × FPAR(x,t) × 0.5

[0179] In the formula, FPAR(x,t) is the absorption ratio of the vegetation canopy at the spatial position x to the incident photosynthetically active radiation within the unit time t month; SOL(x,t) is the total solar radiation amount at the spatial position x within the unit time t month;

[0180] FPAR is estimated through the following formula:

[0181]

[0182]

[0183] In the formula, NDVI(x,t) is the NDVI value of the pixel, NDVI i,min and NDVI i,maxrespectively represent the maximum and minimum NDVI values of the i-th vegetation type; FPAR max and FPAR min are constants, and their values are independent of the vegetation type, being 0.95 and 0.001 respectively.

[0184] The total solar radiation SOL is calculated in the following way:

[0185] Calculate the extraterrestrial radiation, and the calculation formula is:

[0186]

[0187] In the formula, ρ o is the solar constant; d r is the relative sun-earth distance outside the atmosphere; w s is the solar hour angle; is the latitude, δ is the solar declination; S o is the extraterrestrial radiation;

[0188] Each parameter is calculated for d r and δ through the following formulas:

[0189]

[0190] In the formula, J is the number of days in a year;

[0191] w is calculated through the following formula s :

[0192]

[0193] Based on the extraterrestrial radiation, the total solar radiation SOL is calculated through the following formula:

[0194]

[0195] In the formula, N is the maximum number of hours, n represents the actual sunshine hours, represents the sunshine percentage, and a and b are empirical parameters.

[0196] In some embodiments, the first calculation unit is further configured to, when calculating the net primary productivity of vegetation, the calculation of the light use efficiency is expressed by the formula:

[0197] ε(x,t) = T ε1 (x,t) × T ε2 (x,t) × W ε (x,t) × ε max

[0198] In the formula, T ε1 (x,t), T ε2(x,t) represent the two temperature stress influence coefficients at the spatial position x within the time t, which are used to characterize the stress effects of low temperature and high temperature on the light energy utilization efficiency; W ε (x,t) is the water stress coefficient at the spatial position x within the time t; ε max is the maximum light energy utilization efficiency;

[0199] Calculate T through the following formula ε1 (x,t) and T ε2 (x,t):

[0200] T ε1 (x,t) = 0.8 + 0.02 × T opt (x,t) - 0.0005 × [T opt (x,t)] 2

[0201]

[0202] In the formula, T opt (x,t) is the average temperature of the corresponding month when the NDVI value in the region reaches the highest within one year; when the average temperature of a certain month is less than or equal to -10 °C, T ε1 (x,t) takes 0; (x,t) represents the monthly average temperature; when the difference between the average temperature of a certain month and T opt (x) is greater than 10 °C or less than 13 °C, then the T ε2 (x,t) value of this month is equal to half of the T(x,t) value when T opt (x) is T ε2 (x,t), that is, when T(x,t) - Topt(x) > 10 or T(x,t) - Topt(x) < 13:

[0203] Calculation of the water stress factor:

[0204] Calculate the water stress factor coefficient W through the following formula s :

[0205]

[0206] In the formula, EET(x,t) represents the actual evapotranspiration at the spatial position x within the unit time t months; PET(x,t) represents the potential evapotranspiration at the spatial position x within the unit time t months;

[0207] The calculation formula for the potential evapotranspiration PET is:

[0208]

[0209] In the formula, T mean is the regional average temperature, T maxis the highest temperature in the region, T min is the lowest temperature in the region; PET is potential evapotranspiration; where R a is solar radiation.

[0210] In some embodiments, the second calculation unit is configured to calculate the distribution of the regional soil heterotrophic respiration amount through the following formula to obtain the regional soil heterotrophic respiration amount:

[0211] Rh = 0.22 * (Exp(0.0913T) + Ln(0.3145P1 + 1) * 30 * 46.5%

[0212] In the formula, T is the monthly average air temperature, P1 is the total monthly precipitation, and Rh represents the regional soil heterotrophic respiration amount; Exp is, Ln is.

[0213] In some embodiments, the geological carbon sink accounting unit is further configured to:

[0214] Express the maximum annual dissolution rate D of carbonate rock max as:

[0215]

[0216] In the formula: P is the annual precipitation; ET0 is the actual annual evapotranspiration of the land surface; (Ca 2+ ) eq is the calcium concentration at equilibrium; γCa, γHCO3 2- are the activity coefficients of Ca 2+ , HCO3 - ions in water respectively; PCO2 is the partial pressure of carbon dioxide; K s is the carbonate rock dissolution rate constant; K1 and K2 are the first and second dissociation constants of carbonic acid respectively; K0 is the solubility constant of carbon dioxide in water.

[0217] Subtract the calculated evapotranspiration value from the annual precipitation P of each meteorological station, and the difference between the two is the runoff depth D of the region;

[0218] Calculate the maximum carbon sink intensity CSF generated by karstification through the following formula max :

[0219]

[0220] Calculate the annual flux of karst carbon sink through the following formula:

[0221] CSFs = 6DC

[0222] In the formula: CSFs is the carbonate rock weathering carbon sink intensity, and C is the HCO3 concentration at equilibrium of carbonate under the climate of this region. - concentration.

[0223] In some embodiments, the spatial analysis and visualization unit is further configured to:

[0224] Perform raster resampling on the vegetation carbon sink raster and the geological carbon sink raster to ensure that the two types of data have the same spatial resolution and coordinate system;

[0225] Perform pixel-by-pixel calculation on the vegetation carbon sink raster and the geological carbon sink raster after raster resampling to achieve raster summation and obtain comprehensive carbon sink raster data.

[0226] In some embodiments, the formula for the spatial analysis and visualization unit to perform pixel-by-pixel calculation on the vegetation carbon sink raster and the geological carbon sink raster after raster resampling is expressed as:

[0227] Ctotal(x,y) = Cvegetation(x,y) + Cgeological(x,y)

[0228] where Ctotal(x,y) is the total carbon sink, Cvegetation(x,y) is the vegetation carbon sink raster value, and Cgeological(x,y) is the geological carbon sink raster value.

[0229] It should be noted that the structure of the comprehensive carbon sink measurement device that integrates the vegetation carbon sink and the geological carbon sink described in this embodiment belongs to the same technical concept as the comprehensive carbon sink measurement method that integrates the vegetation carbon sink and the geological carbon sink described above, and achieves the same beneficial effects through the same principle, which will not be elaborated here.

[0230] The embodiments of the present application further provide a readable storage medium, which stores one or more programs, and the one or more programs can be executed by one or more processors to implement the method described in any of the above embodiments.

[0231] The above description is intended to be illustrative and not restrictive. For example, the above examples (or one or more of their solutions) can be used in combination with each other. For example, those of ordinary skill in the art can use other embodiments when reading the above description. In addition, in the above specific implementation manners, various features can be grouped together to simplify the present application. This should not be construed as an intention that the features not claimed in the application are necessary for any claim. On the contrary, the subject matter of the present application may be less than all the features of a specific embodiment of the application. Thus, the following claims are incorporated herein by way of example or embodiment into the specific implementation manners, where each claim independently serves as a separate embodiment, and considering these embodiments, they can be combined with each other in various combinations or permutations. The scope of the present application should be determined with reference to the appended claims and the full scope of the equivalents to which these claims are entitled.

Claims

1. A comprehensive carbon sink measurement method integrating vegetation carbon sink and geological carbon sink, characterized in that, The method includes: Calculating the net primary productivity of vegetation according to the photosynthetically active radiation and the light energy utilization rate; Accounting for the distribution of the regional soil heterotrophic respiration amount to obtain the regional soil heterotrophic respiration amount; Based on the net primary productivity of the vegetation and the regional soil heterotrophic respiration amount, conducting vegetation carbon sink accounting to obtain a vegetation carbon sink grid; Estimating the geological carbon sink based on the infiltration-carbonate equilibrium chemistry method to obtain a geological carbon sink grid; Spatially overlaying the vegetation carbon sink grid and the geological carbon sink grid to obtain comprehensive carbon sink grid data, and performing spatial interpolation and hierarchical classification on the comprehensive carbon sink grid data to obtain a carbon sink spatial distribution map.

2. The integrated carbon sink measurement method for integrating vegetation carbon sink and geological carbon sink according to claim 1, wherein According to the photosynthetically active radiation and the light energy utilization rate, calculate the net primary productivity of vegetation through the following formula: NPP(x,t) = APAR(x,t) × ε(x,t) In the formula, the photosynthetically active radiation APAR is the photosynthetically active radiation at the spatial position x within the time t; ε(x,t) refers to the unit actual light energy utilization rate at the position x within the time t; NPP(x,t) is the net primary productivity of the vegetation at the spatial position x within the time t.

3. The integrated carbon sink measurement method for integrating vegetation carbon sink and geological carbon sink according to claim 2, characterized in that When calculating the net primary productivity of vegetation, the calculation formula for the photosynthetically active radiation APAR absorbed by the vegetation is: APAR(x,t) = SOL(x,t) × FPAR(x,t) × 0.5 In the formula, FPAR(x,t) is the absorption ratio of the vegetation canopy at the spatial position x to the incident photosynthetically active radiation within the unit time t month; SOL(x,t) is the total solar radiation amount at the spatial position x within the unit time t month; Estimate FPAR through the following formula: In the formula, FPAR(x,t) is the proportion of incident photosynthetically active radiation absorbed by the vegetation canopy at spatial location x within the unit time t (month), NDVI(x,t) is the NDVI value of the pixel, NDVI i,min and NDVI i,max represent the maximum and minimum NDVI values of the i-th vegetation type, respectively; FPAR max and FPAR min are constants, whose values are independent of the vegetation type and are 0.95 and 0.001, respectively. Calculate the total solar radiation amount SOL through the following method: Calculate the extraterrestrial radiation, and the calculation formula is: where ρ o is the solar constant; d r is the relative sun-earth distance outside the atmosphere; w s is the solar hour angle; is the latitude, δ is the solar declination; S o is the radiation outside the atmosphere; Each parameter is calculated by the following formula d r and δ: In the formula, J is the number of days in a year; Calculate w using the following formula s :[[]]END]] Based on the extraterrestrial radiation, calculate the total solar radiation amount SOL through the following formula: where N is the maximum number of hours, n represents the actual sunshine hours, represents the sunshine percentage, and a and b are empirical parameters.

4. The integrated carbon sink measurement method for integrating vegetation carbon sink and geological carbon sink according to claim 2, wherein When calculating the net primary productivity of vegetation, the calculation of the light energy utilization rate is expressed by the formula: ε(x,t) = T ε1 (x,t) × T ε2 (x,t) × W ε (x,t) × ε max where, T ε1 (x, t), T ε2 (x, t) respectively represent two temperature stress influence coefficients at the spatial position x within the time t, and are used to characterize the stress effects of low temperature and high temperature on the light energy utilization efficiency; W ε (x, t) is the water stress coefficient at the spatial position x within the time t; ε max is the maximum light energy utilization efficiency; Calculate T using the following formula ε1 (x, t) and T ε2 (x, t): T ε1 (x,t) = 0.8 + 0.02×T opt (x,t) - 0.0005×[T opt (x,t)] 2 where T opt (x, t) is the average temperature of the month corresponding to the highest NDVI value in the region within a year; when the average temperature of a certain month is less than or equal to -10 °C, T ε1 (x, t) takes 0; (x, t) represents the monthly average temperature; when the difference between the average temperature of a certain month and T opt (x) is greater than 10 °C or less than 13 °C, then the T ε2 (x, t) value is equal to half of the value of T opt (x, t) when the monthly average temperature T(x, t) is T ε2 (x), that is, when T(x, t) - Topt(x) > 10 or T(x, t) - Topt(x) < 13: Calculation of the water stress factor: Calculate the moisture stress factor coefficient W through the following formula s : In the formula, EET(x,t) represents the actual evapotranspiration amount at the spatial position x within the unit time t month; PET(x,t) represents the potential evapotranspiration amount at the spatial position x within the unit time t month; The calculation formula for the potential evapotranspiration amount PET is: Where, T mean is the regional average temperature, T max is the regional maximum temperature, T min is the regional minimum temperature; PET is the potential evapotranspiration; where R a is the solar radiation.

5. The integrated carbon sink measurement method for integrating vegetation carbon sink and geological carbon sink according to claim 1, characterized in that Account for the distribution of the regional soil heterotrophic respiration amount through the following formula to obtain the regional soil heterotrophic respiration amount: Rh = 0.22*(Exp(0.0913T)+Ln(0.3145P1 + 1)*30*46.5% In the formula, T is the monthly average temperature, P1 is the total monthly precipitation, and Rh represents the regional soil heterotrophic respiration amount; Exp and Ln respectively represent the exponential operation with the natural constant e as the base and the logarithmic operation with the natural constant e as the base.

6. The comprehensive carbon sink measurement method for integrating vegetation carbon sink and geological carbon sink according to claim 1, characterized in that The method for estimating the geological carbon sink based on the infiltration-carbonate equilibrium chemistry method includes: The maximum annual dissolution rate D of carbonate rocks max is expressed as: Where: P is the annual precipitation; ET0 is the annual actual evapotranspiration of the land surface; (Ca 2+ ) eq is the calcium concentration at equilibrium; γCa and γHCO3 2- are the activity coefficients of Ca 2+ and HCO3 - ions in water, respectively; PCO2 is the partial pressure of carbon dioxide; K s is the corrosion rate constant of carbonate rock; K1 and K2 are the first and second dissociation constants of carbonic acid, respectively; K0 is the solubility constant of carbon dioxide in water. Subtract the calculated evapotranspiration value from the annual precipitation P of each meteorological station, and the difference between the two is the runoff depth D of the region; The maximum carbon sink intensity CSF generated by karstification is calculated by the following formula max : Calculate the annual flux of karst carbon sink through the following formula: CSFs = 6DC Where: CSFs is the carbonate rock weathering carbon sink intensity, and C is the HCO3 concentration at carbonate equilibrium under the climate of this region. - Concentration.

7. The comprehensive carbon sink measurement method for integrating vegetation carbon sink and geological carbon sink according to claim 1, characterized in that, Spatially overlay the vegetation carbon sink grid and the geological carbon sink grid to obtain comprehensive carbon sink grid data, including: Perform raster resampling on the vegetation carbon sink raster and the geological carbon sink raster to ensure that the two types of data have the same spatial resolution and coordinate system; Perform pixel-by-pixel calculation on the vegetation carbon sink raster and the geological carbon sink raster after raster resampling to achieve raster summation and obtain the comprehensive carbon sink raster data.

8. The integrated carbon sink measurement method for integrating vegetation carbon sink and geological carbon sink according to claim 7, wherein The formula for performing pixel-by-pixel calculation on the vegetation carbon sink raster and the geological carbon sink raster after raster resampling is expressed as: Ctotal(x,y) = Cvegetation(x,y) + Cgeological(x,y) where Ctotal(x,y) is the total carbon sink, Cvegetation(x,y) is the vegetation carbon sink raster value, and Cgeological(x,y) is the geological carbon sink raster value.

9. An integrated carbon sink measurement device that integrates vegetation carbon sink and geological carbon sink, characterized in that, The device includes: A first calculation unit configured to calculate the net primary productivity of vegetation based on the photosynthetically active radiation and the light use efficiency; A second calculation unit configured to account for the distribution of the regional soil heterotrophic respiration amount to obtain the regional soil heterotrophic respiration amount; A vegetation carbon sink accounting unit configured to perform vegetation carbon sink accounting based on the net primary productivity of vegetation and the regional soil heterotrophic respiration amount to obtain a vegetation carbon sink raster; A geological carbon sink accounting unit configured to estimate the geological carbon sink based on the infiltration-carbonate equilibrium chemistry method to obtain a geological carbon sink raster; A spatial analysis and visualization unit configured to perform spatial overlay on the vegetation carbon sink raster and the geological carbon sink raster to obtain comprehensive carbon sink raster data, and perform spatial interpolation and hierarchical classification on the comprehensive carbon sink raster data to obtain a carbon sink spatial distribution map.

10. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing instructions that, when executed by a processor, execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

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