Device for relaying and amplifying signal of dual-mode communication unit

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of communication, and discloses a dual-mode communication unit relaying and signal amplifying device, which comprises a signal receiving module comprising an HRF wireless receiving channel and an HPLC power line coupling channel which are independently configured, the working frequency band of the HRF wireless receiving channel is 470-510MHz, the receiving sensitivity is not lower than-120dBm, and the working frequency band of the HPLC power line coupling channel is 470-510MHz; the HPLC coupling channel supports a frequency band of 0.7-12 MHz and has an impedance matching range of 20-200 omega, the two channels alternately scan input signals in a time division multiplexing mode, and the signal processing module is integrated with a digital signal processor and field programmable gate array cooperative processing architecture and is internally provided with a signal type identification circuit. According to the device for relaying and amplifying the signals of the dual-mode communication unit, the HRF signals and the HPLC signals are automatically distinguished through fast Fourier transform spectrum analysis, an HRF wireless receiving channel and an HPLC power line coupling channel are integrated, a repeater is installed in an area where HRF signal transmission is not good, the repeater can process the HRF signals and the HPLC signals at the same time, and the signal transmission efficiency is improved. And real-time receiving and efficient transmission of dual-mode signals are realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of communication technologies, and specifically to a device for relaying and amplifying signals of a dual-mode communication unit. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of Internet of Things technologies, dual-mode communication technologies have been widely applied in many fields. Among them, HRF is suitable for short-distance wireless communication due to its high speed and low latency characteristics; while HPLC shows great potential in power line networks by virtue of its advantages of long transmission distance and low cost.

[0003] However, in practical applications, although HPLC technology can achieve long-distance transmission, in extreme cases, factors such as power line aging and excessive branches will also limit its transmission efficiency, thereby affecting the networking speed and meter reading success rate of remote modules. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a device for relaying and amplifying signals of a dual-mode communication unit. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Aiming at the above technical deficiencies, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a device for relaying and amplifying signals of a dual-mode communication unit. A repeater can be installed at a specific position, and the repeater can amplify and then send out the received HRF signal or HPLC signal.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A method for relaying and amplifying signals of a dual-mode communication unit, including:

[0006] A signal receiving module: includes an independently configured HRF wireless receiving channel and an HPLC power line coupling channel. The working frequency band of the HRF wireless receiving channel is 470 - 510 MHz and the receiving sensitivity is not less than -120 dBm. The HPLC coupling channel supports a frequency band of 0.7 - 12 MHz and the impedance matching range is 20 - 200 Ω. The two channels use time-division multiplexing to alternately scan the input signals;

[0007] A signal processing module: integrates a collaborative processing architecture of a digital signal processor and a field programmable gate array, has a built-in signal type recognition circuit, automatically distinguishes HRF and HPLC signals through fast Fourier transform spectrum analysis, the recognition response time ≤ 5 ms, an adaptive amplification strategy selection module, calls a preset gain curve parameter library according to the recognition result, and a dynamic equalizer to pre-compensate for signal distortion;

[0008] Signal amplification module: Adopts a three-stage cascaded amplification structure, including a first-stage low-noise amplifier with a fixed gain of 18 dB and an equivalent noise figure ≤ 1.5 dB, a second-stage programmable gain amplifier with a gain adjustment range of 0 - 30 dB and a step accuracy of 1 dB, and a third-stage power amplifier with a maximum output power of +27 dBm, supporting class AB linear amplification mode:

[0009] Signal transmission module: Includes an HRF transmission unit that uses a π-type matching network to achieve a 50Ω impedance output, and an HPLC injection unit that loads the signal onto the power line through a high-isolation coupling transformer;

[0010] Power management module: Includes a magnetic saturation power extraction circuit that achieves an energy extraction efficiency of over 85% within the range of 100 - 400V AC voltage, a lithium thionyl chloride battery pack with a capacity ≥ 12000 mAh, supporting continuous operation for 72 hours without external power supply, and a dynamic power consumption controller that automatically switches the power supply mode according to the signal relay load;

[0011] Status monitoring and reporting module: Integrates multi-protocol communication interfaces and a self-diagnosis system, real-time collects the device operating temperature, signal link bit error rate index, power input / output parameters, and encapsulates the status data in JSON format through the LoRaWAN protocol or NB-IoT module and uploads it to the cloud.

[0012] Preferably, in the signal reception module, the HRF wireless reception channel is configured with a dual-polarization omnidirectional antenna array with an antenna gain ≥ 3 dBi and a voltage standing wave ratio ≤ 1.5, and the HPLC coupling channel adopts a cascaded design of a broadband current transformer and a high-pass filter with an insertion loss ≤ 0.8 dB.

[0013] Preferably, the signal processing module includes a signal quality detection module for evaluating the strength and quality of the received signal and dynamically adjusting the amplification factor according to the evaluation results.

[0014] Preferably, the combined design of the LNA and PA in the signal amplification module specifically includes:

[0015] The LNA adopts GaAs HEMT technology with a working bandwidth covering the dual frequency bands of 470 - 510 MHz and 0.7 - 12 MHz;

[0016] The PA is configured with a predistortion compensation circuit to reduce the third-order intermodulation distortion to below -45 dBc;

[0017] The inter-stage matching network adopts an adjustable LC filter to automatically switch the Q value parameters according to the signal type.

[0018] Preferably, the power management unit integrates an energy management algorithm, which can automatically adjust the power consumption according to the grid voltage fluctuation and extend the service life of the device. The energy management algorithm includes a voltage monitoring module for real-time sampling of the power line voltage fluctuation, a dynamic power distributor, and a battery protection strategy.

[0019] Preferably, the status monitoring and reporting module supports multiple communication protocols, including but not limited to LoRa, NB-IoT, or 4G / 5G, to ensure that the status information can be reliably uploaded to the cloud.

[0020] Preferably, the signal amplification module further includes an intelligent routing selection function, which automatically selects the optimal path for signal relaying according to the network topology structure and signal quality.

[0021] Preferably, the transparency implementation methods of the device include:

[0022] Protocol encapsulation and transparent transmission technology, which retains the MAC layer source / destination address fields, application layer protocol identifiers, and timestamp information of the original data frame;

[0023] Virtual node mapping, which appears as a logical relay node in the cloud management system but does not occupy the actual device address resources;

[0024] Adaptive protocol conversion, which automatically downloads the new protocol stack and completes compatibility adaptation in the local buffer area when detecting an update of the cloud protocol version.

[0025] A device for a dual-mode communication unit to relay and amplify signals, including a repeater housing, which is designed to be waterproof and dustproof to meet the deployment requirements in harsh outdoor environments

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are:

[0027] First, the present invention integrates two major channels, namely HRF wireless reception and HPLC power line coupling. Through time-division multiplexing technology, repeaters can be installed in areas where HRF signal transmission is poor to ensure that the repeaters can handle both HRF and HPLC signal types simultaneously, achieving real-time reception and efficient transmission of dual-mode signals. In terms of the HRF wireless reception channel, the device is configured with a dual-polarized omnidirectional antenna array, which enhances the antenna gain and reduces the standing wave ratio, thereby improving the signal reception sensitivity and anti-interference ability. At the same time, this channel utilizes the 470 - 510 MHz frequency band to capture weak signals with a high sensitivity of -120 dBm, which is particularly suitable for communication in long-distance or blocked environments. In terms of the HPLC coupling channel, the device adopts a cascaded design of a broadband current transformer and a high-pass filter, effectively reducing the energy loss of the signal during the coupling process and improving the transmission efficiency to ensure that the signal can be effectively transmitted in different power line environments. To further improve the quality and stability of signal transmission, the signal processing module of the device uses DSP and FPGA to work together to achieve high-speed and efficient signal processing, including signal type identification, dynamic equalization, and pre-compensation, etc. At the same time, the signal amplification module adopts a three-stage cascaded amplification structure and combines the combined design of LNA and PA, supporting the linear amplification mode, effectively reducing distortion and ensuring the quality of the signal during transmission. In terms of power management, the device uses magnetic saturation power extraction and dynamic power consumption control, combined with an energy management algorithm, to sample the power line voltage fluctuation in real time and automatically switch to the high-power mode or energy-saving mode according to the input voltage, optimizing the energy consumption. At the same time, the battery protection strategy forces the device to enter the sleep state when the battery voltage is lower than the safety threshold, extending the battery life. To monitor the device status in real time and achieve remote monitoring, the status monitoring and reporting module supports multiple communication protocols such as LoRaWAN, NB-IoT, 4G / 5G, etc., and can select the appropriate communication method to upload the status information according to different communication environments. At the same time, data encryption adopts the AES-256-CTR mode to ensure the secure transmission of the status information, realizing the efficient and stable transmission of HRF and HPLC signals, improving the network formation speed and meter reading success rate, and reducing the maintenance cost.

[0028] Second, the transparency of the device of the present invention is achieved by using protocol encapsulation and pass-through technology, which retains the key information fields of the original data frame, such as the MAC layer source / destination address, application layer protocol identifier, and timestamp, etc. The virtual node is mapped as a logical relay node in the cloud management system, but does not occupy the actual device address resources. The adaptive protocol conversion function can automatically detect the update of the cloud protocol version and download the new protocol stack to complete the compatibility adaptation in the local buffer area. This transparency implementation method makes the device completely transparent to the cloud management system, without modifying the existing communication protocol or adding additional configurations, improving the compatibility and scalability of the system, achieving the transparency of the device to the cloud management system, simplifying the system configuration and maintenance process, improving the compatibility and scalability of the system, and reducing the upgrade cost.

[0029] Third, the relay housing of the present invention is made of flame-retardant PC / ABS alloy material, which meets the UL94 V-0 standard and has high flame-retardant performance. The sealing structure adopts a double-layer silicone ring and stainless steel buckle design, with an IP68 protection level, which can effectively prevent external factors such as water and dust from damaging the inside of the device. The combination design of internal thermal conductive silicone grease and external heat dissipation fins improves the heat dissipation performance of the device and reduces the thermal resistance. This waterproof and dustproof design enables the device to adapt to the deployment requirements of harsh outdoor environments, improving the durability and reliability of the device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 is the overall flow block diagram of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 is the flowchart of the signal receiving module of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 is the flowchart of the signal processing module of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 is the flowchart of the signal amplification module of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5 is the flowchart of the signal transmitting module of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 6 is the flowchart of the power management module of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 7 is the flowchart of the status monitoring and reporting module of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0037] The following will further describe the specific embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the drawings. Specific Embodiment 1

[0039] The following is a specific implementation of a method for a dual-mode communication unit to relay and amplify signals.

[0040] Please refer to Figure 1-7 , a method for a dual-mode communication unit to relay and amplify signals, including:

[0041] Signal receiving module: It includes an independently configured HRF wireless receiving channel and an HPLC power line coupling channel. The working frequency band of the HRF wireless receiving channel is 470 - 510 MHz and the receiving sensitivity is not less than -120 dBm. The HPLC coupling channel supports the frequency band of 0.7 - 12 MHz and the impedance matching range is 20 - 200 Ω. The two channels use time-division multiplexing to alternately scan the input signals.

[0042] This module includes an independently configured HRF wireless receiving channel and an HPLC power line coupling channel. The working frequency band of the HRF wireless receiving channel is 470 - 510 MHz. The selection of this frequency band ensures its wide application and compatibility in wireless communication. At the same time, its receiving sensitivity is not less than -120 dBm, which can capture weak signals. This channel is configured with a dual-polarization omnidirectional antenna array, the antenna gain ≥ 3 dBi, and the voltage standing wave ratio ≤ 1.5, which improves the signal receiving efficiency and stability;

[0043] The HPLC coupling channel supports the frequency band of 0.7 - 12 MHz. This frequency band is suitable for power line carrier communication and can use the existing power line network for data transmission. This channel adopts a cascaded design of a broadband current transformer and a high-pass filter, and the insertion loss ≤ 0.8 dB, ensuring the efficient transmission of signals on the power line. The two channels use time-division multiplexing to alternately scan the input signals, achieving the compatibility and efficient utilization of multiple communication methods;

[0044] Thus, the dual-mode communication unit can simultaneously receive signals from two different communication methods, namely wireless and power line, improving the flexibility and reliability of communication. At the same time, the application of time-division multiplexing technology also improves the utilization rate of communication resources, making communication more efficient.

[0045] Signal processing module: It integrates a cooperative processing architecture of a digital signal processor and a field programmable gate array, with a built-in signal type recognition circuit. It automatically distinguishes HRF and HPLC signals through fast Fourier transform spectrum analysis, and the recognition response time ≤ 5 ms. There is an adaptive amplification strategy selection module, which calls the preset gain curve parameter library according to the recognition result, and a dynamic equalizer to pre-compensate for signal distortion.

[0046] This module integrates a collaborative processing architecture of a digital signal processor and a field-programmable gate array, and has powerful signal processing capabilities. Among them, the signal type recognition circuit automatically distinguishes HRF and HPLC signals through fast Fourier transform spectrum analysis, and the recognition response time ≤ 5ms, which ensures that signals can be quickly and accurately recognized, providing a basis for subsequent signal processing;

[0047] The adaptive amplification strategy selection module calls the preset gain curve parameter library according to the recognition result, provides appropriate amplification strategies for different types of signals, ensures the stable transmission of signals, and the dynamic equalizer pre-compensates for signal distortion, further improving the signal transmission quality;

[0048] The signal quality detection module realizes real-time monitoring and evaluation of the received signal quality, including real-time measurement of the received signal strength indication, calculation of the signal-to-noise ratio, and establishment of a quality evaluation matrix, etc. According to the evaluation result, the amplification factor is dynamically adjusted through the PID control algorithm, and the adjustment response time ≤ 10ms, which ensures that the signal always maintains the best quality during transmission and improves the reliability of communication;

[0049] Thus, the signal processing unit can flexibly adjust the processing strategy according to different types of signals and changes in signal quality, ensuring the efficiency and stability of communication.

[0050] Signal amplification module: Adopts a three-stage cascaded amplification structure, including a first-stage low-noise amplifier with a fixed gain of 18dB and an equivalent noise figure ≤ 1.5dB, a second-stage programmable gain amplifier with a gain adjustment range of 0 - 30dB and a step accuracy of 1dB, and a third-stage power amplifier with a maximum output power of +27dBm, supporting class AB linear amplification mode.

[0051] This module adopts a three-stage cascaded amplification structure, including a first-stage low-noise amplifier, a second-stage programmable gain amplifier, and a third-stage power amplifier. LNA131 has a fixed gain of 18dB and an equivalent noise figure ≤ 1.5dB, which can efficiently amplify the received weak signal while reducing the introduction of noise. The gain adjustment range of PGA132 is 0 - 30dB and the step accuracy is 1dB, which can flexibly adjust the amplification factor according to the change of signal strength, avoiding signal overload or distortion. PA133 has a maximum output power of +27dBm and supports class AB linear amplification mode, ensuring the stable transmission and efficient amplification of signals;

[0052] The combined design of the LNA and PA further improves the efficiency and stability of signal amplification. The LNA adopts GaAs HEMT technology, and its operating bandwidth covers the dual frequency bands of 470 - 510 MHz and 0.7 - 12 MHz, ensuring efficient amplification of different types of signals. The PA is configured with a predistortion compensation circuit, reducing the third-order intermodulation distortion to below -45 dBc, further improving the signal transmission quality. The inter-stage matching network uses an adjustable LC filter, automatically switching the Q-value parameters according to the signal type, ensuring a smooth transition of the signal between different amplification stages;

[0053] Thus, the signal amplification module can flexibly adjust the amplification strategy according to different types of signals and changes in signal strength, ensuring efficient amplification and stable transmission of the signal.

[0054] Signal transmission module: It includes an HRF transmission unit that uses a π-type matching network to achieve a 50Ω impedance output, and an HPLC injection unit that loads the signal onto the power line through a high-isolation coupling transformer.

[0055] This module includes an HRF transmission unit and an HPLC injection unit. The HRF transmission unit uses a π-type matching network to achieve a 50Ω impedance output, ensuring stable signal transmission and efficient transmission. The HPLC injection unit loads the signal onto the power line through a high-isolation coupling transformer, realizing the transmission of the signal on the power line;

[0056] Thus, the signal transmission module can select an appropriate transmission method according to different communication methods, ensuring efficient signal transmission. At the same time, the use of the high-isolation coupling transformer also improves the transmission efficiency and stability of the signal on the power line, avoiding signal interference and distortion.

[0057] Power management module: It includes a magnetic saturation power extraction circuit that achieves an energy extraction efficiency of over 85% within the range of 100 - 400V AC voltage, a lithium thionyl chloride battery pack with a capacity of ≥12000 mAh, supporting continuous operation for 72 hours without external power supply, and a dynamic power consumption controller that automatically switches the power supply mode according to the signal relay load;

[0058] This module includes a magnetic saturation power extraction circuit, a lithium thionyl chloride battery pack, and a dynamic power consumption controller. The magnetic saturation power extraction circuit achieves an energy extraction efficiency of over 85% within the range of 100 - 400V AC voltage, capable of efficiently utilizing the energy provided by the power line. The lithium thionyl chloride battery pack has a capacity of ≥12000 mAh and supports continuous operation for 72 hours without external power supply, providing a reliable backup power supply for the dual-mode communication unit. The dynamic power consumption controller automatically switches the power supply mode according to the signal relay load, ensuring efficient utilization of energy;

[0059] The addition of the energy management algorithm further improves the intelligence level of the power management unit. The voltage monitoring module samples the voltage fluctuations of the power line in real time, providing accurate voltage information for the dynamic power consumption controller. The dynamic power distributor automatically switches between the high-power mode and the energy-saving mode, ensuring efficient energy utilization under different voltage conditions. The battery protection strategy forces the unit to enter the sleep state when the battery voltage is lower than the safety threshold, avoiding over-discharge and damage to the battery;

[0060] Thus, the power management unit can flexibly adjust the power supply strategy according to the voltage change and the requirements of the signal relay load, ensuring the continuous and stable operation of the dual-mode communication unit.

[0061] Status monitoring and reporting module: Integrating multi-protocol communication interfaces and a self-diagnosis system, it collects the device operating temperature, signal link bit error rate index, power input / output parameters in real time, and encapsulates the status data in JSON format and uploads it to the cloud through the LoRaWAN protocol or the NB-IoT module.

[0062] This module integrates multi-protocol communication interfaces and a self-diagnosis system, which can collect key information such as the device operating temperature, signal link bit error rate index, and power input / output parameters in real time. These information are encapsulated in JSON format and uploaded to the cloud through the LoRaWAN protocol or the NB-IoT module, realizing remote monitoring and management of the dual-mode communication unit;

[0063] The addition of the communication protocol adapter further improves the compatibility of the status monitoring and reporting module. It supports multiple communication protocols such as LoRaWAN protocol, NB-IoT, and 4G LTE, and can select the appropriate communication method according to actual needs. The data encryption adopts the AES-256-CTR mode, ensuring the security and integrity of the data during transmission;

[0064] Thus, the status monitoring and reporting module can monitor the operating status of the dual-mode communication unit in real time and accurately, and upload the key information to the cloud, providing strong support for remote management and maintenance.

[0065] Specifically, in the signal receiving module, the HRF wireless receiving channel is configured with a dual-polarized omnidirectional antenna array, the antenna gain ≥ 3 dBi, the voltage standing wave ratio ≤ 1.5, and the HPLC coupling channel adopts a cascaded design of a broadband current transformer and a high-pass filter, with an insertion loss ≤ 0.8 dB.

[0066] Through the above technical solutions, the HRF wireless receiving channel is configured with a dual-polarized omnidirectional antenna array. By enhancing the antenna gain and reducing the standing wave ratio, the receiving sensitivity and anti-interference ability of the signal are improved. This design enables the device to still stably receive signals in a complex electromagnetic environment, improving the communication quality. The HPLC coupling channel adopts a cascaded design of a broadband current transformer and a high-pass filter, effectively reducing the energy loss of the signal during the coupling process and enhancing the transmission efficiency. This optimized design enables the power line communication signal to still maintain a high signal strength during long-distance transmission, improving the networking speed and meter reading success rate of the remote module.

[0067] Specifically, the signal processing module includes a signal quality detection module for evaluating the strength and quality of the received signal and dynamically adjusting the amplification factor according to the evaluation results.

[0068] Through the above technical solutions, real-time monitoring and evaluation of the received signal quality are achieved, including real-time measurement of the received signal strength indicator, calculation of the signal-to-noise ratio, and establishment of a quality evaluation matrix, etc. According to the evaluation results, the amplification factor is dynamically adjusted through the PID control algorithm, and the adjustment response time ≤ 10 ms, which ensures that the signal always maintains the best quality during the transmission process and improves the reliability of communication.

[0069] Specifically, the combined design of the LNA and PA in the signal amplification module is as follows:

[0070] The LNA adopts the GaAs HEMT process, and the working bandwidth covers the dual frequency bands of 470 - 510 MHz and 0.7 - 12 MHz;

[0071] The PA is configured with a predistortion compensation circuit to reduce the third-order intermodulation distortion to below -45 dBc;

[0072] The inter-stage matching network adopts an adjustable LC filter to automatically switch the Q value parameter according to the signal type.

[0073] Through the above technical solutions, the LNA adopts the GaAs HEMT process, and the working bandwidth covers the HRF and HPLC signal frequency bands to ensure low-noise amplification. The PA is configured with a predistortion compensation circuit, effectively reducing the third-order intermodulation distortion and reducing signal distortion. The inter-stage matching network adopts an adjustable LC filter to automatically switch the Q value parameter according to the signal type, optimizing the signal transmission path. This combined design achieves low-noise and high-linearity signal amplification, ensuring the quality of the signal during the transmission process.

[0074] Specifically, the power management unit integrates an energy management algorithm, which can automatically adjust the power consumption according to the grid voltage fluctuation and extend the service life of the device. The energy management algorithm includes a voltage monitoring module for real-time sampling of the power line voltage fluctuation, a dynamic power distributor, and a battery protection strategy.

[0075] Through the above technical solution, the power management unit samples the voltage fluctuations of the power line in real time through the voltage monitoring module, and automatically switches between the high-power mode and the energy-saving mode according to the input voltage. When the voltage is high, the high-power mode is adopted to meet the working requirements of the device; when the voltage is low, it switches to the energy-saving mode to reduce energy consumption. At the same time, the battery protection strategy forces the device to enter the sleep state when the battery voltage is lower than the safety threshold, extending the battery life. This energy management algorithm optimizes energy consumption, extends the service life of the device, and ensures the stable operation of the device under different voltage conditions.

[0076] Specifically, the status monitoring and reporting module supports multiple communication protocols, including but not limited to LoRa, NB-IoT, or 4G / 5G, ensuring that the status information can be reliably uploaded to the cloud.

[0077] Through the above technical solution, the status monitoring and reporting module supports multiple communication protocols such as LoRaWAN, NB-IoT, 4G / 5G, etc., and can select the appropriate communication method to upload the status information according to different communication environments. At the same time, the data encryption adopts the AES-256-CTR mode to ensure the secure transmission of the status information. This multi-protocol support and data encryption mechanism improve the upload efficiency and security of the status information, meeting the requirements of different communication environments.

[0078] Specifically, the signal amplification module also includes an intelligent routing selection function, which automatically selects the optimal path for signal relaying according to the network topology structure and signal quality.

[0079] Through the above technical solution, the intelligent routing selection function constructs a network topology map, records information such as the channel capacity, historical transmission delay, and path stability index between nodes, calculates the optimal path using an improved A* algorithm, and optimizes the selection according to parameters such as the path loss weight factor, delay penalty coefficient, and hop count limit. This intelligent routing selection mechanism can automatically select the optimal path for signal relaying, improve the transmission efficiency, reduce network congestion and transmission delay, optimize the signal transmission path, improve the transmission efficiency and stability, reduce network congestion and transmission delay, and enhance the communication performance of the device.

[0080] Specifically, the implementation methods of the transparency of the device include:

[0081] Protocol encapsulation and transparent transmission technology, retaining the MAC layer source / destination address fields, application layer protocol identifiers, and timestamp information of the original data frame;

[0082] Virtual node mapping, presenting as a logical relay node in the cloud management system without occupying actual device address resources;

[0083] Adaptive protocol conversion. When a cloud protocol version update is detected, a new protocol stack is automatically downloaded and compatibility adaptation is completed in the local buffer.

[0084] Through the above technical solution, the transparency implementation method of the device adopts protocol encapsulation and transparent transmission technology, retaining the key information fields of the original data frame, such as the MAC layer source / destination address, application layer protocol identifier, and timestamp, etc. The virtual node is mapped as a logical relay node in the cloud management system, but does not occupy actual device address resources. The adaptive protocol conversion function can automatically detect cloud protocol version updates and download a new protocol stack to complete compatibility adaptation in the local buffer. This transparency implementation method makes the device completely transparent to the cloud management system, without the need to modify the existing communication protocol or add additional configurations, improving the compatibility and scalability of the system, achieving the transparency of the device to the cloud management system, simplifying the system configuration and maintenance process, improving the compatibility and scalability of the system, and reducing the upgrade cost.

[0085] Working principle: This device integrates two channels, namely HRF wireless reception and HPLC power line coupling. Through time-division multiplexing technology, repeaters are installed in areas with poor HRF signal transmission. The repeaters can process both HRF and HPLC signal types simultaneously, achieving real-time reception and efficient transmission of dual-mode signals. In terms of the HRF wireless reception channel, the device is equipped with a dual-polarization omnidirectional antenna array, which enhances the antenna gain and reduces the standing wave ratio, thereby improving the signal reception sensitivity and anti-interference ability. At the same time, this channel utilizes the 470 - 510 MHz frequency band to capture weak signals with a high sensitivity of -120 dBm, which is particularly suitable for communication in long-distance or blocked environments. In terms of the HPLC coupling channel, the device adopts a cascaded design of a broadband current transformer and a high-pass filter, effectively reducing the energy loss of the signal during the coupling process and improving the transmission efficiency to ensure that the signal can be effectively transmitted in different power line environments. To further improve the quality and stability of signal transmission, the signal processing module of the device uses DSP and FPGA to work together to achieve high-speed and efficient signal processing, including signal type identification, dynamic equalization, and pre-compensation, etc. At the same time, the signal amplification module adopts a three-stage cascaded amplification structure and combines the combined design of LNA and PA, supporting the linear amplification mode, effectively reducing distortion and ensuring the signal quality during transmission. In terms of power management, the device uses magnetic saturation power extraction and dynamic power consumption control, combined with an energy management algorithm, to sample the power line voltage fluctuation in real time and automatically switch to the high-power mode or energy-saving mode according to the input voltage, optimizing the energy consumption. At the same time, the battery protection strategy forces the device to enter the sleep state when the battery voltage is lower than the safety threshold, extending the battery life. To monitor the device status in real time and achieve remote monitoring, the status monitoring and reporting module supports multiple communication protocols such as LoRaWAN, NB-IoT, 4G / 5G, etc., and can select the appropriate communication method to upload the status information according to different communication environments. At the same time, data encryption uses the AES-256-CTR mode to ensure the secure transmission of the status information, thus achieving the efficient and stable transmission of HRF and HPLC signals, improving the network formation speed and meter reading success rate, and reducing the maintenance cost. Specific Embodiment 2

[0087] The following is a specific embodiment of a device for relaying and amplifying signals of a dual-mode communication unit.

[0088] A device for relaying and amplifying signals of a dual-mode communication unit includes a repeater housing, and the repeater housing is designed to be waterproof and dustproof to meet the deployment requirements in harsh outdoor environments.

[0089] Through the above technical solution, the repeater housing is made of flame-retardant PC / ABS alloy material, which meets the UL94V-0 standard and has high flame-retardant performance. The sealing structure adopts a double-layer silicone rubber ring and stainless steel buckle design, with an IP68 protection level, which can effectively prevent external factors such as water and dust from damaging the inside of the device. The combined design of internal thermal conductive silicone grease and external heat dissipation fins improves the heat dissipation performance of the device and reduces the thermal resistance. This waterproof and dustproof design enables the device to meet the deployment requirements of harsh outdoor environments and improves the durability and reliability of the device.

[0090] Although specific embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these specific embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for a dual-mode communication unit to relay and amplify signals, characterized in that: Comprising: Signal receiving module: It includes an independently configured HRF wireless receiving channel and an HPLC power line coupling channel. The working frequency band of the HRF wireless receiving channel is 470 - 510 MHz and the receiving sensitivity is not less than -120 dBm. The HPLC coupling channel supports the frequency band of 0.7 - 12 MHz and the impedance matching range is 20 - 200 Ω. The two channels use time-division multiplexing to alternately scan the input signal; Signal processing module: It integrates a cooperative processing architecture of a digital signal processor and a field programmable gate array, with a built-in signal type recognition circuit. It automatically distinguishes HRF and HPLC signals through fast Fourier transform spectrum analysis, the recognition response time ≤ 5 ms, an adaptive amplification strategy selection module, which calls a preset gain curve parameter library according to the recognition result, and a dynamic equalizer to pre-compensate for signal distortion; Signal amplification module: It adopts a three-stage cascaded amplification structure, including a first-stage low-noise amplifier with a fixed gain of 18 dB and an equivalent noise figure ≤ 1.5 dB, a second-stage programmable gain amplifier with a gain adjustment range of 0 - 30 dB and a step accuracy of 1 dB, and a third-stage power amplifier with a maximum output power of +27 dBm, supporting class AB linear amplification mode; Signal transmitting module: It includes an HRF transmitting unit, which uses a π-type matching network to achieve a 50 Ω impedance output, and an HPLC injection unit, which loads the signal onto the power line through a high-isolation coupling transformer; Power management module: It includes a magnetic saturation power extraction circuit, which achieves an energy extraction efficiency of more than 85% within the range of 100 - 400 V AC voltage, a lithium thionyl chloride battery pack with a capacity ≥ 12000 mAh, supporting continuous operation for 72 hours without external power supply, and a dynamic power consumption controller, which automatically switches the power supply mode according to the signal relay load; Status monitoring and reporting module: It integrates a multi-protocol communication interface and a self-diagnosis system, real-time collects the device working temperature, signal link bit error rate index, power input / output parameters, and encapsulates the status data in JSON format through the LoRaWAN protocol or the NB-IoT module and uploads it to the cloud.

2. The device for relaying and amplifying signals of a dual-mode communication unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the signal receiving module, the HRF wireless receiving channel is configured with a dual-polarization omnidirectional antenna array, the antenna gain ≥ 3 dBi, and the voltage standing wave ratio ≤ 1.

5. The HPLC coupling channel adopts a cascaded design of a broadband current transformer and a high-pass filter, and the insertion loss ≤ 0.8 dB.

3. The device for relaying and amplifying signals of a dual-mode communication unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The signal processing module includes a signal quality detection module for evaluating the strength and quality of the received signal and dynamically adjusting the amplification factor according to the evaluation result.

4. A device for relaying and amplifying signals of a dual-mode communication unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific combination design of the LNA and PA in the signal amplification module includes: The LNA adopts GaAs HEMT technology, and the working bandwidth covers the dual frequency bands of 470 - 510 MHz and 0.7 - 12 MHz; The PA is configured with a pre-distortion compensation circuit to reduce the third-order intermodulation distortion to below -45 dBc; The inter-stage matching network adopts an adjustable LC filter, which automatically switches the Q value parameter according to the signal type.

5. The device for relaying and amplifying signals of a dual-mode communication unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power management unit integrates an energy management algorithm, which can automatically adjust the power consumption according to the grid voltage fluctuation and extend the service life of the device. The energy management algorithm includes a voltage monitoring module for real-time sampling of the power line voltage fluctuation, a dynamic power distributor, and a battery protection strategy.

6. The device for relaying and amplifying signals of a dual-mode communication unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The status monitoring and reporting module supports multiple communication protocols, including but not limited to LoRa, NB-IoT, or 4G / 5G, to ensure that the status information can be reliably uploaded to the cloud.

7. The device for relaying and amplifying signals of a dual-mode communication unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The signal amplification module also includes an intelligent routing selection function to automatically select the optimal path for signal relay according to the network topology and signal quality.

8. A device for relaying and amplifying signals of a dual-mode communication unit according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that: The transparency implementation methods of the device include: Protocol encapsulation and transparent transmission technology, which retains the MAC layer source / destination address fields, application layer protocol identifiers, and timestamp information of the original data frame; Virtual node mapping, which appears as a logical relay node in the cloud management system but does not occupy the actual device address resources; Adaptive protocol conversion, which automatically downloads the new protocol stack and completes compatibility adaptation in the local buffer area when detecting the update of the cloud protocol version.

9. A device for a dual-mode communication unit to relay and amplify signals, comprising a repeater housing, characterized in that: The repeater housing is designed with waterproof and dustproof features to meet the deployment requirements in harsh outdoor environments.

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