Fire fighting system, fire fighting method and energy storage system

Abstract

The invention discloses a fire fighting system, a fire fighting method and an energy storage system, the fire fighting system comprises a closed cabin and a flame-retardant gas supply system, and the closed cabin is used for accommodating at least one energy storage unit; the flame-retardant gas supply system comprises a flame-retardant gas supply source and a pressure control valve, and the pressure control valve is communicated with the closed cabin body and the flame-retardant gas supply source. According to the scheme, the risk of fire blast in the cabin body can be reduced.

Description

Fire fighting system, fire fighting method and energy storage system

[0001]

Cross-reference

[0002] This application claims priority to the international patent application entitled “Fire Protection System and Energy Storage System” filed with the Patent Office of China on January 26, 2023, with application number PCT / CN2023 / 073480, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

Technical field

[0003] The present application relates to the field of energy storage, and in particular to a fire fighting system, a fire fighting method, and an energy storage system. [Background Technology]

[0004] Energy storage refers to the process of storing energy through a medium or device and releasing it when needed. With the increasing number of battery explosions, manufacturers currently only install portable fire extinguishers within individual energy storage boxes in energy storage power plants, lacking automatic fire extinguishing systems. This results in delayed firefighting and a higher risk of explosion.

[0005] [Summary of the invention]

[0006] In view of the above problems, the present application provides at least one fire-fighting system, a fire-fighting method and an energy storage system, which can reduce the risk of combustion and explosion inside the cabin.

[0007] The present application provides a fire protection system, comprising: a closed cabin and a flame retardant gas supply system, wherein the closed cabin is used to accommodate at least one energy storage unit; the flame retardant gas supply system comprises a flame retardant gas supply source and a pressure control valve, wherein the pressure control valve connects the closed cabin and the flame retardant gas supply source.

[0008] In the above solution, a flame-retardant gas supply system is provided, and the flame-retardant gas supply system includes a flame-retardant gas supply source and a pressure control valve. The pressure control valve connects the closed cabin and the flame-retardant gas supply source. The flame-retardant gas supply source supplies flame-retardant gas into the closed cabin through the pressure control valve, thereby increasing the flame-retardant gas concentration and reducing the oxygen concentration in the cabin. As the name suggests, the pressure control valve is controlled by pressure changes. For example, if the pressure in the closed cabin drops, it opens to maintain the pressure in the closed cabin.

[0009] In some embodiments, the pressure control valve includes a first differential pressure control valve.

[0010] In the above solution, the pressure is physically measured by using a differential pressure control valve, which eliminates the need for detection by a gas sensor and signal transmission, resulting in a faster response speed.

[0011] In some embodiments, the fire protection system includes a pressure detection component and a first control module, the pressure detection component is connected to the sealed cabin and the first control module, and the pressure control valve is connected to the first control module.

[0012] In the above scheme, by setting up the pressure detection component and the first control module, the first control module can control the pressure control valve to open immediately when determining the pressure change in the closed cabin, so that the flame-retardant gas provided by the flame-retardant gas supply source can be delivered to the cabin to maintain the pressure in the closed cabin.

[0013] In some embodiments, the pressure control valve includes one of an electric control valve and a magnetic control valve.

[0014] In the above solution, the electrically controlled valve and the magnetically controlled valve are convenient to control.

[0015] In some embodiments, the flame retardant gas supply system includes a buffer line and a second pressure differential control valve, the second pressure differential control valve connects the buffer line and the flame retardant gas supply source, and the buffer line connects to the closed cabin through the first pressure differential control valve.

[0016] In the above solution, by providing two pressure differential control valves instead of directly connecting the flame-retardant gas supply source to the closed cabin through one pressure differential control valve, the flame-retardant gas consumption in the flame-retardant gas supply source can be saved to a certain extent.

[0017] In some embodiments, the fire protection system includes a fire extinguishing agent supply system.

[0018] In the above solution, by providing a fire extinguishing agent supply system, the closed cabin can be cooled to reduce heat transfer when a fire occurs in the closed cabin.

[0019] In some embodiments, the fire extinguishing agent supply system includes a fire extinguishing agent supply source and a first solenoid valve, wherein the first solenoid valve connects the sealed cabin and the fire extinguishing agent supply source.

[0020] In the above solution, by providing the first solenoid valve, it is convenient to control the fire extinguishing agent supply source to cool the closed cabin and reduce heat transfer when a fire occurs in the closed cabin.

[0021] In some embodiments, the fire protection system includes a second control module and a gas sensor disposed in the sealed cabin, and the second control module is communicatively connected to the gas sensor and the first solenoid valve respectively.

[0022] In the above solution, by arranging a gas sensor in the sealed cabin and connecting the gas sensor to the second control module, the gas sensor can detect whether there is combustible gas in the sealed cabin and transmit the detection result to the second control module.

[0023] In some embodiments, the flame retardant gas supply system includes a buffer line, the buffer line connects the flame retardant gas supply source and the first pressure differential control valve, and the first solenoid valve connects the fire extinguishing agent supply source and the buffer line.

[0024] In the above solution, the flame-retardant gas supply system and the fire extinguishing agent supply system share the buffer pipeline, which can save resources.

[0025] In some embodiments, the fire protection system includes an exhaust system, which includes a second solenoid valve and a first exhaust pipeline. One end of the first exhaust pipeline is connected to the sealed cabin, and the second solenoid valve is arranged on the first exhaust pipeline.

[0026] In the above solution, by setting up an exhaust system, the gas in the closed cabin can be discharged when the energy storage unit is in a thermal runaway state, so as to prevent more serious combustion and explosion phenomena from occurring in the closed cabin.

[0027] In some embodiments, the exhaust system includes a smoke exhaust fan, which is disposed on the first exhaust pipeline.

[0028] In the above solution, the gas exhaust efficiency can be improved by arranging a smoke exhaust fan in the exhaust system.

[0029] In some embodiments, the exhaust system further includes a third pressure differential control valve disposed between the sealed cabin and the second solenoid valve.

[0030] In the above solution, by setting a third pressure differential control valve in the exhaust system, when the pressure difference at both ends of the third pressure differential control valve reaches a certain value, the gas in the closed cabin can be discharged into the first exhaust pipeline, without the need for a gas sensor, and the response speed is faster.

[0031] In some embodiments, the third differential pressure control valve comprises a gas pressure relief valve.

[0032] In the above solution, the gas pressure relief valve is one-way controlled and can prevent the gas from flowing back from the discharge pipeline to the closed cabin to a certain extent.

[0033] In some embodiments, the exhaust system further includes a fourth pressure differential control valve and a second exhaust pipeline, wherein one end of the second exhaust pipeline is connected to the first exhaust pipeline, and the other end is connected to the fourth pressure differential control valve.

[0034] In the above scheme, by setting the fourth pressure difference control valve, when the pressure in the second discharge pipeline is lower than the ambient pressure outside the closed cabin, due to the existence of the pressure difference, the gas outside the closed cabin can be used to discharge the gas in the second discharge pipeline and the first discharge pipeline from the smoke exhaust fan.

[0035] In some embodiments, the first discharge pipeline is connected to a designated area inside the sealed cabin and outside the valve hall, and the valve hall is a space where the sealed cabin is placed.

[0036] In the above solution, by setting the designated area outside the valve hall, the possibility of explosion events in the valve hall can be reduced compared to directly discharging the thermal runaway gas into the valve hall.

[0037] In some embodiments, there are multiple sealed cabins, and each sealed cabin is placed in a single layer or at least some of the sealed cabins are stacked.

[0038] In the above solution, the voltages for single-layer placement and stacked placement may be different, that is, the fire protection system provided by this solution can be applied to high-voltage direct-hanging scenarios or other non-high-voltage direct-hanging scenarios.

[0039] The present application provides an energy storage system, comprising the above-mentioned fire protection system and at least one energy storage unit.

[0040] In the above solution, a flame-retardant gas supply system is provided, and the flame-retardant gas supply system includes a flame-retardant gas supply source and a pressure control valve. The pressure control valve connects the closed cabin and the flame-retardant gas supply source. The flame-retardant gas supply source supplies flame-retardant gas into the closed cabin through the pressure control valve, thereby increasing the flame-retardant gas concentration and reducing the oxygen concentration in the cabin. As the name suggests, the pressure control valve is controlled by pressure changes. For example, if the pressure in the closed cabin drops, it opens to maintain the pressure in the closed cabin.

[0041] The present application provides a fire-fighting method, which is applied to any of the above-mentioned fire-fighting systems. The method includes obtaining the pressure inside a closed cabin in the fire-fighting system; in response to the pressure inside the closed cabin being less than a first preset pressure threshold, controlling a flame-retardant gas supply source in the fire-fighting system to deliver flame-retardant gas to the closed cabin, so that the pressure inside the closed cabin remains positive compared to the pressure outside the closed cabin.

[0042] In the above scheme, when the pressure in the closed cabin is lower than the first preset pressure threshold, the flame-retardant gas is transported into the closed cabin to dilute the oxygen content in the closed cabin while maintaining the pressure in the closed cabin so that the gas outside the cabin is not easy to enter the closed cabin.

[0043] In some embodiments, the fire-fighting system includes a fire-extinguishing agent supply source and a first solenoid valve connecting the fire-extinguishing agent supply source and the enclosed cabin. The method further includes: in response to the enclosed cabin being in a thermal runaway state, controlling the first solenoid valve to open so that the fire-extinguishing agent provided by the fire-extinguishing agent supply source in the fire-fighting system is input into the enclosed cabin through the first solenoid valve.

[0044] In the above solution, when the enclosed cabin is in a thermal runaway state, the first solenoid valve is opened so as to utilize the fire extinguishing agent to cool the enclosed cabin.

[0045] In some embodiments, the fire protection system includes a first discharge line and a second solenoid valve connecting the first discharge line and the closed cabin. The method further includes: in response to the closed cabin being in a thermal runaway state, controlling the second solenoid valve to open so that the gas in the closed cabin is discharged from the first discharge line through the second solenoid valve.

[0046] In the above solution, when the sealed cabin is in a thermal runaway state, the second solenoid valve is opened to facilitate the discharge of the thermal runaway gas in the sealed cabin from the first exhaust pipeline.

[0047] In some embodiments, the fire protection system includes a smoke exhaust fan arranged on the first exhaust pipeline, and the method further includes: in response to the closed cabin being in a thermal runaway state, controlling the smoke exhaust fan to drive the gas in the first exhaust pipeline to be discharged.

[0048] In the above solution, the gas exhaust efficiency can be improved by controlling the operation of the smoke exhaust fan when the closed cabin is in a thermal runaway state.

[0049] It is to be understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the present application.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0050] The drawings herein are incorporated into and constitute a part of the specification. These drawings illustrate embodiments consistent with the present application and, together with the specification, are used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application.

[0051] FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of an energy storage system according to one or more embodiments;

[0052] FIG2 is another structural diagram of an energy storage system according to one or more embodiments;

[0053] 3 is a first schematic diagram of the connection between the flame-retardant gas supply system and a plurality of sealed cabins in a fire protection system according to one or more embodiments;

[0054] 4 is a second schematic diagram of the connection between the flame-retardant gas supply system and a plurality of sealed cabins in a fire protection system according to one or more embodiments;

[0055] FIG5 is a flowchart illustrating a firefighting method according to one or more embodiments.

[0056] Reference numerals:

[0057] 1-Energy storage system, 10-Fire protection system, 11-Enclosed cabin, 12-Flame-retardant gas supply system, 20-Energy storage unit, 121-Flame-retardant gas supply source, 122-Pressure control valve, 1221-First pressure differential control valve, 123-Buffer pipeline, 124-Second pressure differential control valve, 13-Fire extinguishing agent supply system, 131-Fire extinguishing agent supply source, 132-First solenoid valve, 14-Gas sensor, 15-First control module, 16-Emission system, 161-Second solenoid valve, 162-First emission pipeline, 163-Smoke exhaust fan, 164-Third pressure differential control valve, 165-Fourth pressure differential control valve, 166-Second emission pipeline, 17-Pressure detection component, 18, Second control module. [Specific implementation method]

[0058] The following describes the embodiments of the present application in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0059] In the following description, for the purpose of explanation rather than limitation, specific details such as specific system structures, interfaces, and technologies are provided to facilitate a thorough understanding of the present application.

[0060] The term "and / or" in this article is simply a description of the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent three situations: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the associated objects are in an "or" relationship. In addition, "many" in this article means two or more than two. In addition, the term "at least one" in this article means any combination of at least two of any one or more of a plurality of. For example, including at least one of A, B, and C can mean including any one or more elements selected from the set consisting of A, B, and C.

[0061] The inventors of this solution have discovered that, in current practical applications of energy storage power stations, manufacturers typically only install portable fire extinguishers within individual energy storage boxes, without installing automatic fire extinguishing systems. This results in a delay in timely fire extinguishing. To address this issue, the inventors have discovered that it would be best to directly eliminate the combustion aids that contribute to the three elements of combustion, effectively reducing the risk of fires caused by the mixing of battery thermal runaway gases and air. For a specific solution, please refer to the following examples.

[0062] Referring to FIG. 1 , the energy storage system 1 provided in this embodiment includes a fire protection system 10 and at least one energy storage unit.

[0063] The energy storage system 1 can be a high-voltage direct-mount energy storage system 1 or a traditional non-high-voltage direct-mount energy storage system 1. The structure of the fire protection system 10 is described in detail in the embodiment of the fire protection system 10 below and will not be further described here. The energy storage unit can be a device capable of storing energy. For example, the energy storage unit can be a battery box composed of one or more batteries. High-voltage direct-mount energy storage systems integrate VSC (voltage source converter) valves with DC energy storage valves, offering advantages such as high modularity, low system network losses, good economic benefits, and high operational reliability. Compared to traditional energy storage technologies, new high-voltage DC direct-mount energy storage systems offer higher voltage levels and larger capacities, providing stronger grid regulation capabilities and support. Lithium-ion batteries are widely used in electrochemical energy storage systems due to their high energy density, long cycle life, fast response time, and low self-discharge. However, lithium-ion batteries are highly susceptible to thermal runaway under conditions such as short circuits, overcharge and overdischarge, mechanical abuse, and thermal abuse. Thermal runaway of lithium-ion batteries can produce flammable or toxic gases such as H2, hydrocarbons, and CO. Due to the high voltage level of high-voltage energy storage valves, partial discharges are prone to occur, generating sparks. If the battery thermal runaway gas reaches a certain concentration within the valve chamber, a large-scale fire or even explosion can occur. Therefore, applying this solution to high-voltage direct-mounted energy storage systems can significantly reduce the probability of explosion accidents.

[0064] In the above solution, a flame-retardant gas supply system 12 is provided, and includes a flame-retardant gas supply source 121 and a pressure control valve 122. Pressure control valve 122 connects the sealed cabin 11 with flame-retardant gas supply source 121. Flame-retardant gas supply source 121 supplies flame-retardant gas into the sealed cabin 11 through pressure control valve 122, thereby increasing the flame-retardant gas concentration and reducing the oxygen concentration within the cabin. As the name suggests, pressure control valve 122 is controlled by pressure changes. For example, if the pressure within the sealed cabin 11 decreases, it opens to maintain the pressure within the sealed cabin 11.

[0065] As shown in Figure 1, the present application provides a fire protection system 10 comprising: a sealed cabin 11 and a flame-retardant gas supply system 12. Sealed cabin 11 is configured to house at least one energy storage unit. Flame-retardant gas supply system 12 includes a flame-retardant gas supply source 121 and a pressure control valve 122. Pressure control valve 122 connects sealed cabin 11 to flame-retardant gas supply source 121.

[0066] The sealed cabin 11 is used to house the energy storage unit. For example, the energy storage unit is placed in a storage space within the sealed cabin 11. Optionally, the storage space can be a sealed space. In other words, the sealed cabin can be a sealed, sealed cabin. The better the sealing, the less likely gas is to flow between the inside and outside of the sealed cabin 11. A sealed cabin 11 specifically refers to a sealed cabin 11 having a low natural gas flow rate, for example, less than a preset flow rate. In other words, in the absence of external influences or when the influence of external factors is minimal, the gas inside and outside of the sealed cabin 11 is less likely to flow between the inside and outside of the sealed cabin 11. The sealed cabin 11 can be an electrical cabinet or other device capable of housing an energy storage unit. For example, the sealed cabin 11 can be a box for temporarily placing the energy storage unit. The specific form of the sealed cabin 11 is not specifically limited herein. The at least one can be one or more than one, for example, two or three. The energy storage unit can be a device that stores energy, for example, an electrical box composed of one or more batteries. The flame retardant gas supply source 121 is used to provide flame retardant gas. The flame retardant gas can be any inert gas or other gas that is not conducive to the occurrence of combustion events. In this embodiment, the flame retardant gas is nitrogen as an example. The flame retardant gas supply source 121 can be a device for storing or producing flame retardant gas. For example, the flame retardant gas supply source 121 can be a nitrogen tank. The pressure control valve 122 can be a differential pressure control valve, or other electrically controlled valves, magnetically controlled valves, etc. In some application scenarios, the pressure control valve 122 can be a differential pressure control valve, and the differential pressure control valve can be a pressure relief valve, a safety valve, or a similar valve. The pressure relief valve generally measures the pressure physically, and controls the connection between the flame retardant gas supply source 121 and the closed cabin 11 or disconnects the connection between the flame retardant gas supply source 121 and the closed cabin 11 through the pressure difference at both ends.

[0067] In the above solution, a flame-retardant gas supply system 12 is provided, and includes a flame-retardant gas supply source 121 and a pressure control valve 122. Pressure control valve 122 connects the sealed cabin 11 with flame-retardant gas supply source 121. Flame-retardant gas supply source 121 supplies flame-retardant gas into the sealed cabin 11 through pressure control valve 122, thereby increasing the flame-retardant gas concentration and reducing the oxygen concentration within the cabin. As the name suggests, pressure control valve 122 is controlled by pressure changes. For example, if the pressure within the sealed cabin 11 decreases, it opens to maintain the pressure within the sealed cabin 11.

[0068] In some embodiments, the pressure control valve 122 is used to deliver the flame-retardant gas provided by the flame-retardant gas supply source 121 into the sealed cabin 11 in response to the pressure inside the sealed cabin 11 being less than a preset first pressure threshold, so that the pressure inside the sealed cabin 11 remains positive compared to the ambient pressure outside the sealed cabin 11.

[0069] Maintaining a positive pressure within the enclosed cabin 11 relative to the ambient pressure outside the enclosed cabin 11 means that the air pressure within the enclosed cabin 11 is higher than the ambient pressure outside the enclosed cabin 11. The first pressure threshold is greater than the ambient pressure outside the enclosed cabin 11. Once the flame-retardant gas supply system 12 detects a pressure drop within the enclosed cabin 11, it supplies flame-retardant gas to the enclosed cabin 11, thereby increasing the pressure within the enclosed cabin 11. Maintaining a positive pressure prevents air outside the enclosed cabin 11 from entering the enclosed cabin 11 due to the pressure differential.

[0070] In the above solution, a flame-retardant gas supply system 12 is provided, and the flame-retardant gas supply system 12 includes a flame-retardant gas supply source 121 and a pressure control valve 122. The pressure control valve 122 is configured to deliver flame-retardant gas into the sealed cabin 11 in response to the pressure in the sealed cabin 11 being lower than a preset first pressure threshold. This allows the pressure in the sealed cabin 11 to remain positive relative to the ambient pressure outside the sealed cabin 11. In other words, the flame-retardant gas can be used to replace the gas inside the sealed cabin 11, resulting in a higher flame-retardant gas concentration and a lower oxygen concentration in the sealed cabin 11. Moreover, because the pressure inside the sealed cabin 11 is higher than the pressure outside the sealed cabin 11, air outside the sealed cabin 11 cannot flow into the sealed cabin 11, thereby continuously ensuring a low oxygen concentration in the sealed cabin 11, thereby making it less likely for fires and explosions to occur in the sealed cabin 11.

[0071] In some embodiments, the pressure control valve 122 includes a first differential pressure control valve 1221 .

[0072] Optionally, the first differential pressure control valve is configured to deliver the flame-retardant gas provided by the flame-retardant gas supply source 121 into the sealed cabin 11 when the pressure within the sealed cabin 11 falls below a first pressure threshold. The first differential pressure control valve may be a pressure relief valve, a safety valve, or a similar valve. A pressure relief valve generally measures pressure physically and uses the pressure it detects to control or disconnect the flame-retardant gas supply source 121 from the sealed cabin 11.

[0073] In the above solution, the pressure is physically measured by using a pressure differential control valve, which eliminates the need for detection by the gas sensor 14 and signal transmission, resulting in a faster response speed.

[0074] In some embodiments, the fire protection system 10 includes a pressure detection assembly 17 and a first control module 15. The pressure detection assembly 17 is connected to the sealed cabin 11 and the first control module 15. The pressure control valve 122 is connected to the first control module 15.

[0075] The first control module 15 is connected to the pressure detection assembly 17 and the pressure control valve 122, respectively. In response to the pressure within the sealed cabin 11 being less than a preset pressure threshold, the first control module 15 controls the opening of the first pressure control valve 122 to deliver the flame-retardant gas provided by the flame-retardant gas supply source 132 into the sealed cabin 11. The pressure detection assembly 17 is used to detect the pressure within the sealed cabin 11. The pressure detection assembly 17 can be a pressure sensor. For example, the pressure detection assembly 17 can be used to detect the air pressure within the sealed cabin. The pressure detection assembly 17 can be located anywhere within the sealed cabin 11. An electrically controlled valve is specifically a valve whose opening and closing is controlled by an electrical signal. The first control module 15 can be a controller. The controller can include a control chip, which can be located in a separate device, such as a computer. Alternatively, the first control module 15 can be composed of multiple discrete control units (not shown). The specific form of the first control module 15 is not specifically limited herein.

[0076] In the above scheme, by providing the pressure detection component 17 and the first control module 15, the first control module 15 can control the pressure control valve 122 to open when determining that the pressure in the closed cabin 11 is less than the preset pressure threshold, so that the flame-retardant gas provided by the flame-retardant gas supply source 121 can be delivered to the closed cabin 11.

[0077] In some embodiments, the pressure control valve 122 includes an electrically controlled valve and a magnetically controlled valve.

[0078] Electric-controlled valves are also known as motorized valves. Generally speaking, solenoid valves utilize the electromagnetic principle, using the electromagnetic attraction generated by an energized solenoid coil to guide the movement of the valve core. They are controlled by digital DO signals. The drive of a motorized valve is a reversible electric motor, which rotates for a set period of time to drive the valve core and control the valve.

[0079] In the above solution, the electrically controlled valve and the magnetically controlled valve are convenient to control.

[0080] In some embodiments, the flame retardant gas supply system 12 includes a buffer line 123 and a second differential pressure control valve 124. The second differential pressure control valve 124 connects the buffer line 123 with the flame retardant gas supply source 121, and the buffer line 123 connects with the sealed cabin through the first differential pressure control valve 12211.

[0081] Optionally, the flame-retardant gas provided by the flame-retardant gas supply source 121 is sequentially delivered to the sealed cabin 11 through the second pressure differential control valve 124, the buffer line 123, and the first pressure differential control valve 1221. The second pressure differential control valve 124 is configured to deliver the flame-retardant gas provided by the flame-retardant gas supply source 121 to the buffer line 123 in response to the pressure of the buffer line 123 being less than a preset second pressure threshold, wherein the second pressure threshold is greater than the first pressure threshold. The second pressure differential control valve 124 can be used to detect the gas pressure in the buffer line 123. The second pressure differential control valve 124 can be a pressure reducing valve. The second pressure threshold is greater than the first pressure threshold, which can ensure that the gas in the buffer line 123 can move into the sealed cabin 11 according to the pressure difference. Exemplarily, the first pressure threshold can be a preset number of times the second pressure threshold, and the preset number of times is greater than 0 and less than 1.

[0082] In the above solution, by providing two pressure differential control valves instead of directly connecting the flame retardant gas supply source 121 to the closed cabin 11 through one pressure differential control valve, the flame retardant gas consumption in the flame retardant gas supply source 121 can be saved to a certain extent.

[0083] In some embodiments, the flame-retardant gas supply system 12 is configured to ensure that the oxygen content in the sealed cabin 11 is less than or equal to a preset ignition content.

[0084] For example, the preset ignition content may be less than or equal to ten percent, or setting the preset ignition content lower can better reduce the probability of an ignition event occurring.

[0085] In the above solution, by configuring the flame-retardant gas supply system 12 to make the oxygen content in the sealed cabin 11 less than or equal to the preset ignition content, it is difficult for a combustion and explosion event to occur after a thermal runaway event occurs in the energy storage unit.

[0086] In some embodiments, the fire protection system 10 includes a fire extinguishing agent supply system 13 .

[0087] The fire extinguishing agent supply system 13 is connected to the enclosed cabin 11 and is configured to supply fire extinguishing agent to the enclosed cabin 11 when the enclosed cabin 11 is in thermal runaway.

[0088] In the above solution, by providing the fire extinguishing agent supply system 13 , the closed cabin 11 can be cooled to reduce heat transfer when a fire occurs in the closed cabin 11 .

[0089] In some embodiments, the fire extinguishing agent supply system 13 includes a fire extinguishing agent supply source 131 and a first solenoid valve 132. The first solenoid valve 132 connects the sealed cabin 11 with the fire extinguishing agent supply source 131.

[0090] Optionally, the first solenoid valve 132 delivers fire extinguishing agent from the fire extinguishing agent supply source 131 into the enclosed cabin 11 in response to a preset first control signal. The fire extinguishing agent is configured to at least cool the enclosed cabin 11. The fire extinguishing agent supply source 131 is used to provide fire extinguishing agent. The fire extinguishing agent supply source 131 can be a device for storing or producing fire extinguishing agent, for example, a fire extinguishing agent tank. The first solenoid valve 132 can specifically be an electrically controlled valve or a magnetically controlled valve. The fire extinguishing agent can cool the enclosed cabin 11. If a fire or other incident unfortunately occurs, a fire extinguishing agent supply system 13 is provided to supply fire extinguishing agent to the enclosed cabin 11 to cool the enclosed cabin 11, thereby reducing the probability of heat spread. Among them, the flame retardant gas supply system 12 and the fire extinguishing agent supply system 13 are configured to alternately provide flame retardant gas and fire extinguishing agent into the closed cabin 11 when the energy storage unit is in a thermal runaway state, or can be configured to simultaneously provide flame retardant gas and fire extinguishing agent into the closed cabin 11.

[0091] In the above solution, by providing the first solenoid valve 132 , it is convenient to control the fire extinguishing agent supply source 131 so as to cool down the closed cabin 11 and reduce heat transfer when a fire occurs in the closed cabin 11 .

[0092] In some embodiments, the fire protection system 10 includes a second control module 18 and a gas sensor 14 disposed in the sealed cabin 11. The second control module 18 is in communication with the gas sensor 14 and the first solenoid valve 132, respectively.

[0093] Optionally, the gas sensor 14 is used to detect whether the energy storage unit 20 is in a thermal runaway state. The control module 15 is used to intermittently generate a control signal in response to the energy storage unit 20 being in a thermal runaway state, the control signal including a first control signal. Exemplarily, the gas sensor detects whether thermal runaway gas is present within the sealed cabin 11 and transmits the detection result to the second control module 18. In response to the presence of thermal runaway gas within the sealed cabin 11, the second control module 18 determines that the energy storage unit 20 is in a thermal runaway state. Thermal runaway gas is generally generated after the energy storage unit 20 experiences thermal runaway. Using the gas sensor 14 to detect this gas can quickly determine whether the energy storage unit has experienced thermal runaway. The number of gas sensors 14 can be multiple, and each gas sensor 14 can be located at a different location within the sealed cabin 11, resulting in more accurate detection results. The second control module 18 can include a controller. The controller can include a control chip, which can be located in a separate device, such as a computer. The second control module 18 and the first control module 15 can be the same control module or different control modules. Alternatively, the second control module 18 and the first control module 15 can be integrated into a whole or can be separate units. Regarding the specific forms of the second control module 18 and the first control module 15, no specific provisions are made here. Intermittently generating a control signal can be generating a control signal at intervals of a certain period of time. Of course, the second control module 18 can continuously generate a control signal in other embodiments, and the specific way in which the second control module 18 generates the control signal is not specifically limited here. In some application scenarios, the control signal may also include other control signals. For example, the control signal generated by the second control module 18 may include the following second control signal.

[0094] In the above scheme, the control module 15 intermittently generates a control signal, so that the fire extinguishing agent supply source 131 intermittently provides fire extinguishing agent to the closed cabin 11, so that the fire extinguishing agent provided once can cool the closed cabin for a longer time. Compared with continuously providing fire extinguishing agent to the closed cabin 11, the amount of fire extinguishing agent used can be reduced while ensuring the cooling effect.

[0095] In some embodiments, the flame retardant gas supply system 12 and the fire extinguishing agent supply system 13 are configured to alternately supply flame retardant gas and fire extinguishing agent into the enclosed cabin 11 when the energy storage unit is in a thermal runaway state.

[0096] Alternating the supply of flame-retardant gas and fire extinguishing agent to the enclosed cabin 11 means that when the flame-retardant gas supply system 12 is supplying flame-retardant gas to the enclosed cabin 11, the fire extinguishing agent supply system 13 stops supplying fire extinguishing agent to the enclosed cabin 11; and when the fire extinguishing agent supply system 13 is supplying fire extinguishing agent to the enclosed cabin 11, the flame-retardant gas supply system 12 stops supplying flame-retardant gas to the enclosed cabin 11. In some application scenarios, the fire extinguishing agent supply system 13 has a higher priority than the flame-retardant gas supply system 12. That is, if the flame-retardant gas supply system 12 and the fire extinguishing agent supply system 13 are triggered simultaneously, the fire extinguishing agent supply system 13 will first supply fire extinguishing agent to the enclosed cabin 11. In other application scenarios, the fire extinguishing agent supply system 13 has a lower priority than the flame-retardant gas supply system 12. That is, if the flame-retardant gas supply system 12 and the fire extinguishing agent supply system 13 are triggered simultaneously, the flame-retardant gas supply system 12 will first supply flame-retardant gas to the enclosed cabin 11.

[0097] In the above solution, by alternately providing flame-retardant gas and fire extinguishing agent into the sealed cabin 11, the amount of fire extinguishing agent used can be reduced.

[0098] In some embodiments, the flame retardant gas supply system 12 includes a buffer line 123 , which connects the flame retardant gas supply source 121 with the first pressure differential control valve 1221 , and the first solenoid valve 132 connects the fire extinguishing agent supply source 131 with the buffer line 123 .

[0099] Optionally, the flame-retardant gas provided by the flame-retardant gas supply source 121 is delivered to the closed cabin 11 via the buffer line 123 and the first pressure differential control valve. The fire extinguishing agent provided by the fire extinguishing agent supply source 131 is delivered to the closed cabin 11 via the first solenoid valve 132, the buffer line 123, and the first pressure differential control valve. The flame-retardant gas supply system 12 is configured to use the flame-retardant gas to push the fire extinguishing agent into the closed cabin 11. In other words, both the flame-retardant gas and the fire extinguishing agent need to enter the closed cabin 11 from the first pressure differential control valve through the buffer line 123. After the fire extinguishing agent enters the buffer line 123, it can increase the pressure in the buffer line 123. Under the action of the pressure difference between the buffer line 123 and the closed cabin 11, the gas in the buffer line 123 pushes the fire extinguishing agent in the buffer line 123 into the closed cabin 11, thereby achieving a cooling treatment inside the closed cabin 11.

[0100] In the above solution, the flame-retardant gas supply system 12 and the fire extinguishing agent supply system 13 share the buffer pipeline 123 , thereby saving resources.

[0101] In some embodiments, the flame-retardant gas supply system 12 includes a second pressure differential control valve 124. The flame-retardant gas provided by the flame-retardant gas supply source 121 is sequentially delivered to the enclosed cabin 11 via the second pressure differential control valve 124, the buffer line 123, and the first pressure differential control valve. The second pressure differential control valve 124 is configured to deliver the flame-retardant gas provided by the flame-retardant gas supply source 121 to the buffer line 123 in response to the pressure in the buffer line 123 being less than a preset second pressure threshold. The first solenoid valve 132 is configured to deliver the fire extinguishing agent to the buffer line 123 at a delivery pressure greater than the second pressure threshold, wherein the second pressure threshold is greater than the first pressure threshold.

[0102] In some application scenarios, a pushing device is provided at one end of the fire extinguishing agent supply source 131 , and the first solenoid valve 132 is configured to control the pushing device to deliver the fire extinguishing agent to the buffer line 123 at a delivery pressure greater than the second pressure threshold.

[0103] In the above solution, by providing two pressure differential control valves instead of directly connecting the flame retardant gas supply source 121 to the closed cabin 11 through one pressure differential control valve, the flame retardant gas consumption in the flame retardant gas supply source 121 can be saved to a certain extent.

[0104] In some embodiments, the fire fighting system 10 includes an exhaust system 16 . The exhaust system 16 includes a second solenoid valve 161 and a first exhaust pipe 162 . One end of the first exhaust pipe 162 is connected to the sealed cabin 11 , and the second solenoid valve 161 is disposed on the first exhaust pipe 162 .

[0105] Optionally, the second solenoid valve 161 is configured to open the first discharge line 162 in response to the energy storage unit being in thermal runaway, thereby discharging the gas within the sealed pod 11 to a designated area. The second solenoid valve 161 can also be a solenoid valve. The first discharge line 162 has one end connected to the sealed pod 11 and the other end connected to a designated area. After the second solenoid valve 161 opens the first discharge line 162, the gas within the sealed pod 11 can be discharged to the designated area through the first discharge line 162. The discharge system 16 has one end connected to the sealed pod 11 and the other end connected to the designated area, enabling the discharge of gas within the sealed pod 11 to the designated area in the event of thermal runaway of the energy storage unit. As described above, there can be multiple sealed pods 11, and the discharge system 16 can be connected to each sealed pod 11 separately. The connections between each sealed pod 11 and the discharge system 16 are independent and do not affect each other. In some application scenarios, the designated area can be outside the valve hall, which refers to the space where the sealed cabin 11 is located. In some application scenarios, if the energy storage system is a high-voltage direct-mount energy storage system, the high voltage level in the valve hall of the high-voltage energy storage system can easily cause partial discharge and sparks. If the battery thermal runaway gas reaches a certain concentration in the valve hall, a large-scale fire or even explosion may occur. Therefore, the designated area can be set outside the valve hall to reduce the risk of fire or explosion in the valve hall.

[0106] In some embodiments, the exhaust system 16 includes a smoke exhaust fan 163 . The smoke exhaust fan 163 is disposed on the first exhaust pipeline 162 .

[0107] Optionally, a smoke exhaust fan 163 is connected to the other end of the first exhaust pipe 162. In response to a preset second control signal, the smoke exhaust fan 163 exhausts the gas in the first exhaust pipe 162 to a designated area. The smoke exhaust fan 163 is positioned in the first exhaust pipe 162 near one end of the designated area. Exemplarily, the smoke exhaust fan 163 exhausts the gas in the first exhaust pipe 162 to the designated area by suction. The second control signal may be generated by the control module 15.

[0108] In the above solution, by providing the smoke exhaust fan 163 in the exhaust system 16, the gas exhaust efficiency can be improved.

[0109] In some embodiments, the exhaust system 16 further includes a third pressure differential control valve 164 . The third pressure differential control valve 164 is disposed between the sealed cabin 11 and the second solenoid valve 161 .

[0110] Optionally, the third differential pressure control valve 164 is configured to discharge gas within the sealed hull 11 into the first discharge line 162 in response to the pressure in the first discharge line 162 being lower than the pressure in the sealed hull 11. The third differential pressure control valve 164 may be a pressure relief valve, a safety valve, or the like, which connects the sealed hull 11 to the first discharge line 162 only when the pressure in the first discharge line 162 is lower than the pressure in the sealed hull 11.

[0111] In the above solution, by providing the third differential pressure control valve 164 in the exhaust system 16, when the pressure in the first exhaust line 162 is lower than the pressure in the closed cabin 11, the gas in the closed cabin 11 can be discharged into the first exhaust line 162, without using the gas sensor 14, and the response speed is faster.

[0112] In some embodiments, the third differential pressure control valve 164 includes a gas pressure relief valve.

[0113] When the pressure of the gas pressure relief valve is greater than the set value, the inner valve plate is pushed open to release the pressure in time, and returns to its original position after the pressure is reduced.

[0114] In the above solution, the gas pressure relief valve is one-way controlled and can prevent the gas from flowing back from the discharge pipeline to the closed cabin to a certain extent.

[0115] In some embodiments, the exhaust system 16 further includes a fourth differential pressure control valve 165 and a second exhaust line 166 . The second exhaust line 166 is connected to the first exhaust line 162 at one end and to the fourth differential pressure control valve 165 at the other end.

[0116] The fourth differential pressure control valve 165 is configured to, in response to the pressure in the second discharge line 166 being lower than the ambient pressure outside the sealed cabin 11, direct gas from outside the sealed cabin 11 into the second discharge line 166 and further into the first discharge line 162, thereby discharging the gas already in the first discharge line 162. The fourth differential pressure control valve 165 functions as a pressure relief valve, safety valve, or other similar device. One end of the second discharge line 166 is connected to the first discharge line 162, and the other end is connected to the fourth differential pressure control valve 165. The connection between the second discharge line 166 and the first discharge line 162 is located on the side of the second solenoid valve 161 away from the sealed cabin 11.

[0117] In the above solution, by providing fourth differential pressure control valve 165, when the pressure in second discharge pipeline 166 is lower than the ambient pressure outside sealed cabin 11, the pressure differential allows the gas outside sealed cabin 11 to be discharged from second discharge pipeline 166 and first discharge pipeline 162 through smoke exhaust fan 163. Fourth differential pressure control valve 165 allows the air in the valve hall to displace residual combustible gas in the pipelines, facilitating subsequent maintenance and inspection.

[0118] In some embodiments, the discharge pipeline is connected to a designated area inside the sealed cabin and outside the valve hall, and the valve hall is the space where the sealed cabin 11 is placed.

[0119] Exemplarily, each sealed cabin 11 is placed in a closed space, and the space where each sealed cabin 11 is placed serves as a valve hall.

[0120] In the above solution, by setting the designated area outside the valve hall, the possibility of explosion events in the valve hall can be reduced compared to directly discharging the thermal runaway gas into the valve hall.

[0121] In some embodiments, there are multiple sealed cabins 11 , and each sealed cabin 11 is placed in a single layer or at least some of the sealed cabins 11 are stacked.

[0122] Please refer to Figures 3 and 4. In Figure 3, each enclosed cabin 11 is arranged in a single layer, and the flame-retardant gas supply system 12 is connected to each enclosed cabin 11 to provide flame-retardant gas to each enclosed cabin 11. Optionally, the connection between each enclosed cabin 11 and the flame-retardant gas supply system is independent. That is, when the pressure in one enclosed cabin 11 is less than a preset first pressure threshold, the flame-retardant gas supply system 12 supplies flame-retardant gas to that enclosed cabin 11. Since the pressure in the other enclosed cabins 11 is not less than the preset first pressure threshold, the flame-retardant gas supply system 12 does not supply flame-retardant gas to the other enclosed cabins 11. In Figure 4, the enclosed cabins 11 are stacked in three layers (the three layers are only for example), namely the first layer, the middle layer, and the upper layer, each layer including multiple enclosed cabins 11. Different layers of enclosed pods 11 are independent of each other. Each layer can contain the same or different numbers of enclosed pods 11. For example, the arrangement of the enclosed pods 11 on each layer is shown in Figure 3, with the flame-retardant gas supply system 12 connected to each enclosed pod 11 on each layer. The enclosed pods 11 in Figure 3 can be placed in a container-like or prefabricated cabin style, while the enclosed pods 11 in Figure 4 can be placed in a valve tower style. For example, frames for placing enclosed pods 11 (e.g., electrical cabinets) are arranged in multiple layers in the valve hall, with at least one enclosed pod 11 placed in each frame layer, thereby achieving stacked placement of the enclosed pods 11. Prefabricated cabins are high-quality, highly reliable, and highly applicable customized electrical equipment integrated products developed based on mature outdoor box-type product manufacturing technology and in accordance with relevant national standards and specifications. Containers, on the other hand, are merely temporary integrated products for electrical equipment. In prefabricated cabin and container types, energy storage units are generally placed in a single layer, while in valve tower type, energy storage units can be stacked, for example, they can be arranged in three layers, and each layer can include multiple energy storage units.

[0123] In some embodiments, the closed cabin 11 may be pre-filled with flame-retardant gas. In some application scenarios, the energy storage system 1 is a high-voltage direct-mounted energy storage system 1. The fire protection system 10 adopts a fully enclosed gas-sealed electrical cabinet. The excellent sealing structure of the electrical cabinet ensures that nitrogen can be pre-filled in the electrical cabinet and a certain positive pressure can be maintained, which greatly reduces the presence of oxygen in the electrical cabinet, thereby reducing the risk of fire. It can also prevent thermal runaway gas from leaking into the valve hall under the action of air pressure difference. In addition, an exhaust system 16 isolated from the valve hall is designed. After the thermal runaway flue gas enters the electrical cabinet, nitrogen is used as a replacement gas source to dilute the thermal runaway gas in the electrical cabinet. At the same time, the fire extinguishing agent is used as a cooling measure to prevent thermal diffusion of the battery. It is sprayed in multiple times. These gases are mixed with the flue gas and discharged through the smoke exhaust system, completely eliminating the risk of combustion of combustible gas, and also facilitating subsequent fault inspection and repair.

[0124] In some application scenarios, the sealed cabin 11 is an electrical cabinet, the energy storage unit is an electrical box, the flame-retardant gas supply source 121 is a nitrogen cylinder, the flame-retardant gas is nitrogen, and the fire extinguishing agent supply source 131 is a fire extinguishing agent tank. The electrical box is installed inside the electrical cabinet, which removes oxygen and fills it with nitrogen to maintain a certain positive pressure, ensuring that the oxygen concentration inside the cabinet is always extremely low.

[0125] In some application scenarios, the first differential pressure control valve is a pressure relief valve, and the second differential pressure control valve 124 is a pressure reducing valve. The pressure reducing valve remains open, and the pressure in the buffer line 123 is maintained at a higher pressure than that in the electrical cabinet. The nitrogen cylinder is connected to the electrical cabinet through the pressure reducing valve, the buffer line 123, and the pressure relief valve. When the pressure in the electrical cabinet falls below a first pressure threshold, the pressure relief valve automatically opens to replenish the electrical cabinet.

[0126] In some application scenarios, after the electrical box experiences thermal runaway, the thermal runaway gas is discharged into the electrical cabinet. The gas sensor in the electrical cabinet detects smoke, and the fire protection system 10 opens the second solenoid valve 161 and the smoke exhaust fan 163. The smoke exhaust fan 163 causes the pressure in the first exhaust pipe 162 to drop significantly, and the third pressure differential control valve 164 (which can be a pressure relief valve) opens, and the fourth pressure differential control valve 165 (which can be a pressure relief valve) opens.

[0127] In some application scenarios, the firefighting system 10 opens the first solenoid valve 132, allowing the fire extinguishing agent in the tank to enter the electrical cabinet through the buffer line 123, cooling the cabinet and preventing heat spread. After a certain period of discharge, the solenoid valve is closed and the fire extinguishing agent is discharged again after a certain interval. For example, the discharge can be divided into multiple times based on battery capacity to prevent heat spread.

[0128] At the same time, when the fire extinguishing agent is sprayed, since the pressure of the buffer line 123 exceeds the adjustment value of the second differential pressure control valve 124, the second differential pressure control valve 124 will be closed. When the fire extinguishing agent stops spraying, the second differential pressure control valve 124 will open again, and the nitrogen cylinder will be in an intermittent discharge state, which plays the role of replacing the thermal runaway gas in the electrical cabinet.

[0129] When the media in the nitrogen cylinder and the fire extinguishing agent tank are emptied, the main airflow passes through the fourth pressure differential control valve 165, and the residual gas in the exhaust pipeline will be discharged along with the main flow. Since the smoke exhaust fan 163 is turned on, the residual gas in the exhaust pipeline can be completely discharged.

[0130] The above description of the various embodiments tends to emphasize the differences between the various embodiments. The same or similar aspects can be referenced with each other and will not be repeated herein for the sake of brevity.

[0131] Referring to Figure 5 , the firefighting method provided in this embodiment is applied to the firefighting system described above. The firefighting method may include the following steps: Step S11: Obtaining the pressure within the enclosed cabin of the firefighting system. Step S12: In response to the pressure within the enclosed cabin being less than a first preset pressure threshold, controlling a flame-retardant gas supply source in the firefighting system to deliver flame-retardant gas to the enclosed cabin, such that the pressure within the enclosed cabin remains positive relative to the pressure outside the enclosed cabin.

[0132] As mentioned above, the fire protection system includes a pressure detection component and a first control module. The pressure detection component is connected to the closed cabin and the first control module, and the pressure control valve is connected to the first control module. When the first control module determines the pressure change in the closed cabin, it can control the pressure control valve to open immediately so that the flame-retardant gas provided by the flame-retardant gas supply source can be delivered to the cabin to maintain the pressure in the closed cabin.

[0133] In the above scheme, when the pressure in the closed cabin is lower than the first preset pressure threshold, the flame-retardant gas is transported into the closed cabin to dilute the oxygen content in the closed cabin while maintaining the pressure in the closed cabin so that the gas outside the cabin is not easy to enter the closed cabin.

[0134] In some embodiments, a fire fighting system includes a fire extinguishing agent supply source and a first solenoid valve connecting the fire extinguishing agent supply source and the enclosed cabin. The method further includes: in response to the enclosed cabin being in a thermal runaway state, controlling the first solenoid valve to open so that the fire extinguishing agent provided by the fire extinguishing agent supply source in the fire fighting system is input into the enclosed cabin through the first solenoid valve.

[0135] The thermal runaway state may be caused by a gas sensor detecting the presence of thermal runaway gas within the sealed cabin, and a corresponding control module determining that the sealed cabin is in a thermal runaway state. The first solenoid valve may be controlled to open by sending a control signal to the first solenoid valve, which then opens in response to the control signal.

[0136] In the above solution, when the enclosed cabin is in a thermal runaway state, the first solenoid valve is opened so as to utilize the fire extinguishing agent to cool the enclosed cabin.

[0137] In some embodiments, the fire protection system includes a first exhaust line and a second solenoid valve connecting the first exhaust line and the enclosed cabin. The method further includes: in response to the enclosed cabin being in a thermal runaway state, controlling the second solenoid valve to open so that gas in the enclosed cabin is discharged from the first exhaust line through the second solenoid valve.

[0138] In the above solution, when the sealed cabin is in a thermal runaway state, the second solenoid valve is opened to facilitate the discharge of the thermal runaway gas in the sealed cabin from the first exhaust pipeline.

[0139] In some embodiments, the fire protection system includes a smoke exhaust fan disposed on the first exhaust pipeline. The method further includes: in response to the closed cabin being in a thermal runaway state, controlling the smoke exhaust fan to operate so as to drive the gas in the first exhaust pipeline to be discharged.

[0140] In the above solution, the gas exhaust efficiency can be improved by controlling the operation of the smoke exhaust fan when the closed cabin is in a thermal runaway state.

[0141] The above description of the various embodiments tends to emphasize the differences between the various embodiments. The same or similar aspects can be referenced with each other and will not be repeated herein for the sake of brevity.

Claims

1. A fire protection system, characterized in that: include: A sealed cabin, the sealed cabin is used to accommodate at least one energy storage unit; A flame retardant gas supply system includes a flame retardant gas supply source and a pressure control valve, wherein the pressure control valve connects the closed cabin and the flame retardant gas supply source.

2. The fire fighting system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure control valve includes a first differential pressure control valve.

3. The fire fighting system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The flame retardant gas supply system includes a buffer pipeline and a second pressure differential control valve. The second pressure differential control valve connects the buffer pipeline and the flame retardant gas supply source. The buffer pipeline connects to the closed cabin through the first pressure differential control valve.

4. The fire fighting system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fire protection system further includes a pressure detection component and a first control module. The pressure detection component is connected to the sealed cabin and the first control module, and the pressure control valve is connected to the first control module.

5. The fire fighting system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The pressure control valve includes an electric control valve and a magnetic control valve.

6. The fire fighting system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The fire fighting system includes a fire extinguishing agent supply system.

7. The fire fighting system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The fire extinguishing agent supply system includes a fire extinguishing agent supply source and a first solenoid valve, wherein the first solenoid valve is in communication with the closed cabin and the fire extinguishing agent supply source.

8. The fire fighting system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The fire protection system includes a second control module and a gas sensor disposed in a sealed cabin, and the second control module is communicatively connected to the gas sensor and the first solenoid valve respectively.

9. The fire fighting system according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that: The flame retardant gas supply system includes a buffer pipeline, the buffer pipeline is connected to the flame retardant gas supply source and the first pressure difference control valve, and the first solenoid valve is connected to the fire extinguishing agent supply source and the buffer pipeline.

10. The fire fighting system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The fire protection system includes a discharge system, which includes a second solenoid valve and a first discharge pipeline. One end of the first discharge pipeline is connected to the closed cabin, and the second solenoid valve is arranged on the first discharge pipeline.

11. The fire fighting system according to claim 10, characterized in that: The exhaust system includes a smoke exhaust fan, and the smoke exhaust fan is arranged on the first exhaust pipeline.

12. The fire fighting system according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that: The exhaust system further includes a third differential pressure control valve, which is disposed between the sealed cabin and the second solenoid valve.

13. The fire fighting system according to claim 12, characterized in that: The third differential pressure control valve includes a gas pressure relief valve.

14. The fire fighting system according to claim 12, wherein: The exhaust system further includes a fourth differential pressure control valve and a second exhaust pipeline, wherein one end of the second exhaust pipeline is connected to the first exhaust pipeline, and the other end is connected to the fourth differential pressure control valve.

15. The fire fighting system according to any one of claims 10 to 14, characterized in that: The first discharge pipeline is connected to a designated area inside the sealed cabin and outside the valve hall, and the valve hall is a space where the sealed cabin is placed.

16. The fire fighting system according to any one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that: There are multiple sealed cabins, and each of the sealed cabins is placed in a single layer or at least some of the sealed cabins are stacked.

17. An energy storage system, characterized in that: The fire protection system comprises the fire protection system according to any one of claims 1 to 16 and at least one energy storage unit.

18. A firefighting method, applied to the firefighting system according to any one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that: The method comprises: obtaining the pressure in the enclosed compartment of the fire protection system; In response to the pressure inside the closed cabin being lower than a first preset pressure threshold, the flame retardant gas supply source in the fire protection system is controlled to deliver flame retardant gas to the closed cabin so that the pressure inside the closed cabin remains positive compared to the pressure outside the closed cabin.

19. The method according to claim 18, characterized in that The fire fighting system includes a fire extinguishing agent supply source and a first solenoid valve connecting the fire extinguishing agent supply source and the enclosed cabin, and the method further includes: In response to the closed cabin being in a thermal runaway state, the first solenoid valve is controlled to open so that the fire extinguishing agent provided by the fire extinguishing agent supply source in the fire fighting system is input into the closed cabin through the first solenoid valve.

20. The method according to claim 19, wherein The fire protection system includes a first discharge pipeline and a second solenoid valve connected between the first discharge pipeline and the sealed cabin, and the method further includes: In response to the sealed cabin being in a thermal runaway state, the second solenoid valve is controlled to open so that the gas in the sealed cabin is discharged from the first exhaust line through the second solenoid valve.

21. The method according to claim 20, characterized in that The fire protection system includes a smoke exhaust fan provided on the first exhaust pipeline, and the method further includes: In response to the closed cabin being in a thermal runaway state, the smoke exhaust fan is controlled to operate so as to drive the gas in the first exhaust pipeline to be discharged.

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