Periodic fertilization device and method for agricultural planting

Abstract

The invention discloses a periodic fertilization device and method for agricultural planting, and relates to the technical field of fertilization, the periodic fertilization device comprises a fertilizer barrel and three storage barrels fixedly connected in the fertilizer barrel, the inner sides of the three storage barrels are filled with different fertilizers, and the tops of the storage barrels are fixedly connected with cover plates through bolt assemblies; the material guiding frame is fixedly connected to the interior of the fertilizer barrel, a first one-way valve is fixedly connected to a discharging opening of the material storage barrel, and one end of the first one-way valve is connected with a feeding opening of the material guiding frame. By arranging the angle adjusting mechanism and adjusting the angle of the first flow guide rod, the multiple nozzles can be in an inclined state, fertilizer is evenly distributed in the area where the root system expands, the situation that the fertilizer is concentrated in a certain area and is not fully absorbed by the root system is avoided, each part of fertilizer can play a role to the maximum extent, and the fertilizer utilization rate is improved. The utilization rate of the fertilizer is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fertilization, and specifically to a periodic fertilization device and method for agricultural planting. Background Art

[0002] Agricultural planting refers to the production activities of cultivating and managing crops artificially to obtain products such as food, cash crops, and feeds. During the process of agricultural planting, special fertilization devices are often required to fertilize the crops.

[0003] In the field of traditional agricultural planting, most fertilization devices adopt a one-time fixed-point fertilization mode, that is, directly concentrate and apply fertilizers at a designated position near the roots of the crops at one time. This method seems convenient, but in fact, there are many disadvantages: First, it cannot adapt to the change of nutrient requirements at different growth stages of the crops. In the initial stage of crop growth, the roots are fragile and have low tolerance to fertilizer concentration. One-time application of a large amount of fertilizers is likely to cause root burning and root rot; while in the later growth stage, after the roots expand, the fertilizers in the concentrated area are difficult to meet the needs of the expanded nutrient absorption range, resulting in restricted plant growth. Second, the fertilizer distribution lacks pertinence. Traditional fertilization is difficult to consider the distribution characteristics of plant roots "dense near and sparse far, weak near and strong far". In the near-root area, due to the too high fertilizer concentration, nutrient waste and loss occur, and the unabsorbed fertilizers are easily leached or volatilized with water. In the far-root area, due to insufficient nutrients, they cannot be fully absorbed, and the fertilizer utilization rate is generally low. Therefore, we provide a periodic fertilization device and method for agricultural planting to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a periodic fertilization device and method for agricultural planting to solve the problem that the existing fertilization devices cannot adapt to the change of nutrient requirements at different growth stages of the crops for fertilization.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A periodic fertilizing device for agricultural planting, comprising: a fertilizer barrel and three storage barrels fixedly connected inside the fertilizer barrel, and different fertilizers are installed inside each of the three storage barrels. The top of the storage barrel is fixedly connected with a cover plate through a bolt assembly; a material guiding frame, the material guiding frame is fixedly connected inside the fertilizer barrel, a first one-way valve is fixedly connected at the discharge port of the storage barrel, and one end of the first one-way valve is connected to the feed port of the material guiding frame; a water inlet pipe, the water inlet pipe is fixedly connected at the water inlet of the fertilizer barrel, and the storage barrel is communicated with the water inlet pipe through a second one-way valve; a feeding pump, the feeding pump is installed at the discharge port of the material guiding frame, a material guiding pipe is fixedly connected at the discharge port of the feeding pump, and one end of the material guiding pipe penetrates to the outside of the fertilizer barrel and is communicated with a plurality of fertilizing assistants. The fertilizing assistant includes a plurality of groups of support seats arranged on one side of the fertilizer barrel, each group of support seats has two, and every two support seats are fixedly connected through a fixed frame. Two first guide rods are arranged at the front end of the fixed frame, a plurality of second guide rods are arranged on one side of each of the two first guide rods, and a nozzle is installed at the discharge port of the bottom of each second guide rod. An expansion regulator for expanding and adjusting the plurality of second guide rods is arranged at the top of the first guide rod. An angle adjustment mechanism for adjusting the angle of the first guide rod is arranged between the fixed frame and the first guide rod.

[0006] As a further scheme of the present invention: The fertilizing assistant further includes a hose fixedly connected to the feed port of the first guide rod, one end of the hose is connected to the discharge port of the support seat, the discharge port of the material guiding pipe is communicated with the feed port of the support seat through a diversion pipe, the second guide rod is communicated with the first guide rod through a corrugated pipe, and every two second guide rods are communicated with each other through the corrugated pipe.

[0007] As a further scheme of the present invention: A bidirectional threaded screw rod is rotatably connected inside the fixed frame, a positive thread and a reverse thread are arranged on the outer wall of the bidirectional threaded screw rod, a sliding block is threadedly connected to the outer walls of the positive thread and the reverse thread, and the two sliding blocks are slidably connected inside the fixed frame. The two sliding blocks are respectively arranged on one side of a first guide rod.

[0008] As a further solution of the present invention: The angle adjustment mechanism includes a first connecting seat fixedly connected to one side of the sliding block. A connecting shaft is rotatably connected to the inner side of the first connecting seat. One end of the connecting shaft penetrates below the first connecting seat and is fixedly connected to the first guide rod. A second straight gear is fixedly connected to the top of the connecting shaft. A rack plate is arranged on the top of the sliding block. Teeth engaging with the two second straight gears are arranged on both the inner and outer sides of the rack plate. One side of one of the fixed frames is fixedly connected to an auxiliary seat. A hydraulic cylinder is installed on one side of the auxiliary seat, and the output end of the hydraulic cylinder penetrates outside the auxiliary seat and is fixedly connected to one of the rack plates through a bolt assembly. A T-shaped block is fixedly connected to the bottom of the rack plate. The T-shaped block is slidably connected to the inner side of the sliding block. A connecting plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the T-shaped block. A connecting spring is installed between the connecting plate and the sliding block.

[0009] As a further solution of the present invention: A plurality of the rack plates are provided, and every two of the rack plates are fixedly connected by a steel wire rope.

[0010] As a further solution of the present invention: The rack plate is composed of two moving plates. A first rectangular rod is fixedly connected to one side of one of the moving plates. A limiting sliding groove matching with the first rectangular rod is opened on the inner side of the other moving plate. The two moving plates are slidably connected by the first rectangular rod. A threaded hole penetrating through to the bottom is opened on the top of the other moving plate, and a threaded hole is also opened on the inner side of the first rectangular rod. The first rectangular rod is fixedly connected to the other moving plate by a bolt.

[0011] As a further solution of the present invention: The expansion regulator includes a U-shaped bracket fixedly connected to the top of the first guide rod. A transmission rod is rotatably connected to the inner side of the U-shaped bracket. The second guide rod is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the transmission rod. A second rectangular rod is fixedly connected to the inner side of the U-shaped bracket, and the second guide rod is slidably connected to the outer wall of the second rectangular rod. One end of the transmission rod penetrates outside the U-shaped bracket and is fixedly connected to a first straight gear. A transmission rod is engaged with one side of the first straight gear.

[0012] As a further solution of the present invention: The expansion regulator further includes a second connecting seat fixedly connected to one side of the first guide rod. A T-shaped rod is slidably connected to the inner side of the second connecting seat, and the T-shaped rod is fixedly connected to the transmission rod. An auxiliary spring is installed between the T-shaped rod and the second connecting seat. A spherical rod is fixedly connected to the top of the T-shaped rod. A connecting rod is fixedly connected to the inner side of the fixed frame. One end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to an arc-shaped block. A slope is arranged at the bottom of the arc-shaped block, and the arc-shaped block is arranged on one side of the spherical rod.

[0013] As a further solution of the present invention: three sections of threads with different pitches are provided on the outer wall of the transmission rod, and the pitches of the three sections of threads increase in an arithmetic progression from near the first diversion rod to away from the first diversion rod.

[0014] The present invention also discloses a periodic fertilization method for agricultural planting. Using the above-mentioned periodic fertilization device for agricultural planting, it includes the following steps: S1. A first diversion hole communicating with the hose is opened inside the support base, a second diversion hole communicating with the corrugated pipe is opened inside the first diversion rod, and a third diversion hole communicating with the corrugated pipe is opened inside the second diversion rod. First, the staff inserts each group of the support bases into the designated soil respectively, and makes the two second diversion rods located on both sides of the planted plants. Subsequently, the staff places the fertilizers into the three storage barrels in sequence, and at the same time connects the water inlet pipe with an external water supply pipe, so that water enters the storage barrels through the second one-way valve in sequence for mixing with the fertilizers. When the first fertilization is required, one of the first one-way valves can be opened, so that the fertilizers are fed into the guide pipe through the feed pump and sprayed around the planted plants through the nozzles, thereby realizing the first fertilization; S2. When the second fertilization is required, start the hydraulic cylinder. The output end of the hydraulic cylinder extends, thereby driving the rack plate to move away from the second spur gear direction, and then driving one of the second spur gears to drive one of the first diversion rods to rotate away from the planted plants through the two sets of teeth arranged inside. Since the planted plants are just planted at the beginning and need to be fertilized nearby, when the roots of the planted plants need to absorb fertilizers during the growth process after a period of time, by adjusting the angle of the first diversion rod, multiple nozzles can be in an inclined state, so that the fertilizers are evenly distributed in the area after the root system expands, avoiding the situation that the fertilizers are concentrated in a certain area and not fully absorbed by the root system, enabling each portion of the fertilizers to play the maximum role and improving the utilization rate of the fertilizers; S3. The amount sprayed by the nozzle can be adjusted by the PLC controller. When the first guide rod is adjusted in angle, the amount sprayed by the nozzles from the one close to the planted crop to the one far from the planted crop increases successively. When the first guide rod rotates away from the planted crop, the spherical rod will rotate from the highest point to the lowest point along the bottom slope of the arc-shaped block. Then, under the action of the slope, the transmission rod is pushed downward, thereby driving the first spur gear to drive the transmission rod to rotate in a circle. Since there are three sections of threads with different pitches on the outer wall of the transmission rod, and the pitches of the three sections of threads increase in an arithmetic progression from the one close to the first guide rod to the one far from the first guide rod, the three second guide rods installed on the transmission rod move and adjust in an arithmetic progression, so as to cooperate with the fact that the amount sprayed by the nozzles from the one close to the planted crop to the one far from the planted crop increases successively, so that the fertilization can match the root distribution of the planted crop. Since the plant roots have a high density in the near-plant area but poor fertilizer tolerance, especially in the seedling stage, the nozzles close to the plant reduce the fertilization amount to prevent root burning and root rot. The outer area far from the plant is the main area for root expansion and nutrient absorption, and higher fertilizer amount is required to support growth. By gradient fertilization, it can be avoided that the traditional uniform fertilization easily leads to the situation that the nutrients in the near-root area are in excess and not absorbed but lost or fixed, and the nutrients in the far-root area are insufficient. Gradient fertilization makes the nutrient distribution dynamically match the root distribution, reducing leaching and volatilization losses; S4. When the support base is fixed at a specified position and the positions of the two groups of nozzles need to be adjusted, the bolt can be removed first. Then, the staff can rotate the double-threaded screw rod to drive the two sliding blocks to drive a first guide rod to move away from or close to the planted crop respectively, so as to adjust the nozzle to the specified position. Then, the staff can fix the adjusted first rectangular rod to the threaded hole through the bolt. Then, the staff can fix the rack plates close to each other in pairs through the steel wire rope.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. By setting the angle adjustment mechanism, the output end of the hydraulic cylinder extends, thereby driving the rack plate to move away from the second spur gear. Then, two groups of teeth arranged inside are used to drive a second spur gear to drive a first guide rod to rotate away from the planted crop respectively. Since the planted crop has just been planted at the beginning and needs to be fertilized nearby, when the roots of the planted crop need to absorb fertilizer during the growth process after a period of time, by adjusting the angle of the first guide rod, multiple nozzles can be in an inclined state, so that the fertilizer is evenly distributed in the area after the root system expands, avoiding the situation that the fertilizer is concentrated in a certain area and not fully absorbed by the root system, and enabling each portion of the fertilizer to play the maximum role, improving the utilization rate of the fertilizer; 2. By setting an expansion regulator, the amount ejected by the nozzle can be adjusted through a PLC controller. When the first deflector rod makes an angular adjustment, the amount ejected from the nozzle close to the planted crop to the nozzle far from the planted crop increases sequentially. When the first deflector rod rotates away from the planted crop, the spherical rod will rotate from the highest point to the lowest point along the bottom slope of the arc-shaped block. Then, under the action of the slope, the transmission rod is pushed downward, thereby driving the first spur gear to drive the transmission rod to rotate in a circle. Since there are three threads with different pitches on the outer wall of the transmission rod, and the pitches of the three threads increase in an arithmetic progression from the side close to the first deflector rod to the side far from the first deflector rod, the three second deflector rods installed on the transmission rod move and adjust in an arithmetic progression, thus matching the sequential increase in the amount ejected from the nozzle close to the planted crop to the nozzle far from the planted crop, so that fertilization can match the root distribution of the planted crop. Since the density of plant roots is high in the area near the plant but the fertilizer tolerance is poor, especially in the seedling stage, the nozzle close to the plant reduces the fertilization amount to prevent root burning and root rot. The outer area far from the plant is the main area for root expansion and nutrient absorption, and higher fertilizer amounts are required to support growth. By gradient fertilization, it is possible to avoid the problem in traditional uniform fertilization that the nutrients in the near-root area are in excess and not absorbed but lost or fixed, while the nutrients in the far-root area are insufficient. Gradient fertilization makes the nutrient distribution dynamically match the root distribution, reduces leaching and volatilization losses, and thus improves the growth efficiency of the planted crop; 3. Through the cooperation of components such as a bidirectional threaded lead screw, when the support base is fixed at a specified position and the positions of the two groups of nozzles need to be adjusted, the bolts can be removed first. Then, the operator can rotate the bidirectional threaded lead screw to drive the two sliding blocks to drive a first deflector rod to move away from or close to the planted crop respectively, so as to adjust the nozzle to the specified position. Subsequently, the operator can fix the adjusted first rectangular rod to the threaded hole with bolts. Then, the operator can fix the rack plates close to each other through steel wires, enabling the device to adjust the fertilization position according to the needs of different planted crops, thereby improving the overall practicality of the device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the fertilizer tank of the present invention; Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the support base of the present invention; Figure 4 of the present invention Figure 3 is an enlarged view at A in; Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the inner side of the fixed frame of the present invention; Figure 6 of the present invention Figure 5 is an enlarged view at B in; Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the bidirectional threaded lead screw structure of the present invention; Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the rack plate structure of the present invention; Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the U-shaped bracket structure of the present invention.

[0017] In the figure: 1. Fertilizer barrel; 2. Cover plate; 3. Water inlet pipe; 4. Feeding pipe; 5. Support seat; 6. Fixed frame; 7. Feeding frame; 8. Feeding pump; 9. Storage barrel; 10. First one-way valve; 11. Second one-way valve; 12. First guide rod; 13. U-shaped bracket; 14. Steel wire rope; 15. Connecting rod; 16. Arc-shaped block; 17. Rack plate; 18. Bidirectional threaded lead screw; 19. Sliding block; 20. Hose; 21. Auxiliary seat; 22. Hydraulic cylinder; 23. Second guide rod; 24. Nozzle; 25. Bellows; 26. Transmission rod; 27. First straight gear; 28. Second straight gear; 29. Coupling shaft; 30. First connecting seat; 31. T-shaped block; 32. Connecting plate; 33. Connecting spring; 34. First rectangular rod; 35. Threaded hole; 36. Bolt; 37. Second rectangular rod; 38. Spherical rod; 39. Second connecting seat; 40. T-shaped rod; 41. Auxiliary spring. Detailed implementation manners

[0018] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0019] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "set" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances. The following will describe the embodiments according to the overall structure of the present invention.

[0020] Please refer to Figures 1 to 9 , this embodiment provides a periodic fertilizing device for agricultural planting, including: a fertilizer barrel 1 and three storage barrels 9 fixedly connected inside the fertilizer barrel 1, and different fertilizers are installed inside the three storage barrels 9. The top of the storage barrel 9 is fixedly connected with a cover plate 2 through a bolt assembly; a material guiding frame 7, the material guiding frame 7 is fixedly connected inside the fertilizer barrel 1. A first one-way valve 10 is fixedly connected at the discharge port of the storage barrel 9, and one end of the first one-way valve 10 is connected to the feed port of the material guiding frame 7; a water inlet pipe 3, the water inlet pipe 3 is fixedly connected at the water inlet of the fertilizer barrel 1, and the storage barrel 9 is communicated with the water inlet pipe 3 through a second one-way valve 11; a feeding pump 8, the feeding pump 8 is installed at the discharge port of the material guiding frame 7. A material guiding pipe 4 is fixedly connected at the discharge port of the feeding pump 8, and one end of the material guiding pipe 4 penetrates to the outside of the fertilizer barrel 1 and is communicated with a plurality of fertilizing assistants. The fertilizing assistant includes a plurality of groups of support seats 5 arranged on one side of the fertilizer barrel 1. Each group of support seats 5 has two. Every two support seats 5 are fixedly connected through a fixing frame 6. Two first guiding rods 12 are arranged at the front end of the fixing frame 6. A plurality of second guiding rods 23 are arranged on one side of each of the two first guiding rods 12, and a nozzle 24 is installed at the discharge port of the bottom of each second guiding rod 23. The fertilizing assistant further includes a flexible pipe 20 fixedly connected at the feed port of the first guiding rod 12. One end of the flexible pipe 20 is connected to the discharge port of the support seat 5. The discharge port of the material guiding pipe 4 is communicated with the feed port of the support seat 5 through a guiding pipe. The second guiding rod 23 and the first guiding rod 12 are communicated through a corrugated pipe 25, and every two second guiding rods 23 are communicated through a corrugated pipe 25; The inner side of the cover plate 2 may be provided with a stirring mechanism for stirring the inside of the storage bucket 9. Since the stirring mechanism is a prior art, this solution will not be elaborated too much. A first diversion hole communicating with the hose 20 is opened inside the support base 5, a second diversion hole communicating with the corrugated pipe 25 is opened inside the first diversion rod 12, and a third diversion hole communicating with the corrugated pipe 25 is opened inside the second diversion rod 23. First, the staff inserts each group of support bases 5 into the designated soil respectively, and makes the two second diversion rods 23 located on both sides of the planted plants. Subsequently, the staff places the fertilizers into the three storage buckets 9 in sequence, and at the same time connects the water inlet pipe 3 with an external water supply pipe, so that the water enters the storage bucket 9 through the second one-way valve 11 in sequence for mixing with the fertilizers. When the first fertilization is required, one of the first one-way valves 10 can be opened, so that the fertilizer is fed into the guide pipe 4 through the feeding pump 8 and sprayed around the planted plants through the nozzle 24, thus realizing the first fertilization. When the second fertilization is required, the first one-way valve 10 at the bottom of the second storage bucket 9 is opened, so that the fertilizers inside the second storage bucket 9 can be discharged in sequence. According to the above operations, the third fertilization can be realized. Different fertilizers required at different stages of the planted plants can be placed inside the three storage buckets 9, so that the periodic fertilization of the planted plants can be realized, and the fertilizers can be supplied in stages during the growth process of the planted plants, thereby improving the growth effect of the planted plants; Please refer to Figures 2 to 8 , an angle adjustment mechanism for adjusting the angle of the first diversion rod 12 is provided between the fixed frame 6 and the first diversion rod 12. The angle adjustment mechanism includes a first connecting seat 30 fixedly connected to one side of the sliding block 19. A connecting shaft 29 is rotatably connected to the inner side of the first connecting seat 30. One end of the connecting shaft 29 penetrates below the first connecting seat 30 and is fixedly connected to the first diversion rod 12. A second straight gear 28 is fixedly connected to the top of the connecting shaft 29. A rack plate 17 is arranged on the top of the sliding block 19. Teeth engaging with the two second straight gears 28 are arranged on both the inner side and the outer side of the rack plate 17. An auxiliary seat 21 is fixedly connected to one side of one of the fixed frames 6. A hydraulic cylinder 22 is installed on one side of the auxiliary seat 21, and the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 22 penetrates outside the auxiliary seat 21 and is fixedly connected to a rack plate 17 through a bolt assembly. A T-shaped block 31 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the rack plate 17. The T-shaped block 31 is slidably connected to the inside of the sliding block 19. A connecting spring 33 is installed between the bottom of the T-shaped block 31 and the sliding block 19. A plurality of rack plates 17 are provided, and every two rack plates 17 are fixedly connected by a steel wire rope 14; When the second fertilization is required, the hydraulic cylinder 22 is started, and the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 22 extends, so as to drive the rack plate 17 to move away from the second straight gear 28, thereby driving a second straight gear 28 respectively through two groups of engaging teeth arranged on the inner side to drive a first diversion rod 12 to rotate away from the planted plants. Since the planted plants have just been planted and need to be fertilized nearby, when the roots of the planted plants need to absorb fertilizers during the growth process after a period of time, by adjusting the angle of the first diversion rod 12, multiple nozzles 24 can be in an inclined state, so that the fertilizers are evenly distributed in the area after the root system expands, avoiding the situation that the fertilizers are concentrated in a certain area and not fully absorbed by the root system, enabling each portion of the fertilizers to play the maximum role and improving the utilization rate of the fertilizers.

[0021] Please refer to Figures 2 to 9 , an expansion regulator for expanding and adjusting multiple second diversion rods 23 is arranged at the top of the first diversion rod 12. The expansion regulator includes a U-shaped bracket 13 fixedly connected to the top of the first diversion rod 12. A transmission rod 26 is rotatably connected to the inner side of the U-shaped bracket 13. The second diversion rod 23 is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the transmission rod 26. A second rectangular rod 37 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the U-shaped bracket 13, and the second diversion rod 23 is slidably connected to the outer wall of the second rectangular rod 37. One end of the transmission rod 26 penetrates to the outside of the U-shaped bracket 13 and is fixedly connected with a first straight gear 27. A transmission rod 26 is meshed with one side of the first straight gear 27. The expansion regulator further includes a second connecting seat 39 fixedly connected to one side of the first diversion rod 12. A T-shaped rod 40 is slidably connected to the inner side of the second connecting seat 39, and the T-shaped rod 40 is fixedly connected with the transmission rod 26. An auxiliary spring 41 is installed between the T-shaped rod 40 and the second connecting seat 39. A spherical rod 38 is fixedly connected to the top of the T-shaped rod 40. A connecting rod 15 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the fixed frame 6. One end of the connecting rod 15 is fixedly connected with an arc-shaped block 16. A slope is arranged at the bottom of the arc-shaped block 16, and the arc-shaped block 16 is arranged on one side of the spherical rod 38. Three sections of threads with different pitches are arranged on the outer wall of the transmission rod 26, and the pitches of the three sections of threads increase in an arithmetic progression from near the first diversion rod 12 to away from the first diversion rod 12; The amount sprayed by the nozzle 24 can be adjusted by a PLC controller. Such a nozzle 24 that can adjust the spraying amount is an existing prior art, so this solution will not be elaborated too much. When the first deflector rod 12 makes an angle adjustment, the amount sprayed by the nozzle 24 closer to the planted plant to the nozzle 24 farther from the planted plant increases sequentially. When the first deflector rod 12 rotates away from the planted plant, the spherical rod 38 will rotate from the highest point to the lowest point along the bottom slope of the arc-shaped block 16. Then, under the action of the slope, the transmission rod 26 is pushed downward, thereby driving the first spur gear 27 to drive the transmission rod 26 to rotate in a circle. Since the outer wall of the transmission rod 26 is provided with three threads with different pitches, the pitches of the three threads increase in an arithmetic progression from the side closer to the first deflector rod 12 to the side farther from the first deflector rod 12. As a result, the three second deflector rods 23 installed on the transmission rod 26 move and adjust in an arithmetic progression, so as to cooperate with the fact that the amount sprayed by the nozzle 24 closer to the planted plant to the nozzle 24 farther from the planted plant increases sequentially, so that fertilization can match the root distribution of the planted plant. Since the plant roots have a high density in the near-plant area but poor fertilizer tolerance, especially in the seedling stage, the nozzles closer to the plant reduce the fertilization amount to prevent root burning and root rot. The outer area far from the plant is the main area for root expansion and nutrient absorption, and higher fertilizer amounts are required to support growth. By gradient fertilization, it is possible to avoid the problem that in traditional uniform fertilization, nutrients in the near-root area are in excess and not absorbed, but are lost or fixed, while the nutrients in the far-root area are insufficient. Gradient fertilization makes the nutrient distribution dynamically match the root distribution, reduces leaching and volatilization losses, and thus improves the growth effect of the planted plant.

[0022] Please refer to Figures 5 to 8 As shown in the figure, a bidirectional threaded lead screw 18 is rotatably connected to the inner side of the fixed frame 6. The outer wall of the bidirectional threaded lead screw 18 is provided with a positive thread and a reverse thread. A sliding block 19 is threadedly connected to the outer walls of the positive thread and the reverse thread. And the two sliding blocks 19 are slidably connected to the inner side of the fixed frame 6. The two sliding blocks 19 are respectively arranged on one side of a first deflector rod 12. The rack plate 17 is composed of two moving plates. One side of one of the moving plates is fixedly connected with a first rectangular rod 34. A limiting chute matching the first rectangular rod 34 is opened in the inner side of the other moving plate. The two moving plates are slidably connected through the first rectangular rod 34. A threaded hole 35 penetrating from the top to the bottom is opened in the top of the other moving plate, and a threaded hole 35 is also opened in the inner side of the first rectangular rod 34. The first rectangular rod 34 is fixedly connected with the other moving plate through a bolt 36; When the support base 5 is fixed at a specified position and the positions of the two groups of nozzles 24 need to be adjusted, the bolts 36 can be removed first. Then, the staff can rotate the bidirectional threaded lead screw 18 to drive the two sliding blocks 19 to drive a first diversion rod 12 to move away from or close to the planted plants respectively, so as to adjust the nozzles 24 to the specified positions. Subsequently, the staff can fix the adjusted first rectangular rod 34 to the threaded hole 35 through the bolts 36. Then, the staff can fix the rack plates 17 close to each other in pairs through the steel wire ropes 14, so that the device can adjust the fertilization position according to the needs of different planted plants, thereby improving the overall practicality of the device.

[0023] Combined with the above periodic fertilization device for agricultural planting, a periodic fertilization method for agricultural planting is provided, which specifically includes the following steps: S1. A first diversion hole communicating with the hose 20 is opened inside the support base 5, a second diversion hole communicating with the corrugated pipe 25 is opened inside the first diversion rod 12, and a third diversion hole communicating with the corrugated pipe 25 is opened inside the second diversion rod 23. First, the staff inserts each group of support bases 5 into the specified soil respectively, and makes the two groups of second diversion rods 23 located on both sides of the planted plants. Subsequently, the staff places the fertilizers into the three storage barrels 9 in sequence, and at the same time connects the water inlet pipe 3 with an external water supply pipe, so that the water enters the storage barrels 9 through the second one-way valve 11 in sequence to be mixed with the fertilizers. When the first fertilization is required, one of the first one-way valves 10 can be opened, so that the fertilizers are fed into the guide pipe 4 through the feeding pump 8 and sprayed around the planted plants through the nozzles 24, thereby realizing the first fertilization. S2. When the second fertilization is required, the hydraulic cylinder 22 is started, and the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 22 extends, so as to drive the rack plate 17 to move away from the second spur gear 28, and then drive a second spur gear 28 to drive a first diversion rod 12 to rotate away from the planted plants through two groups of teeth arranged inside. Since the planted plants are just planted at the beginning and need to be fertilized nearby, when the roots of the planted plants need to absorb fertilizers during the growth process after a period of time, by adjusting the angle of the first diversion rod 12, multiple nozzles 24 can be in an inclined state, so that the fertilizers are evenly distributed in the area after the root system expands, avoiding the situation that the fertilizers are concentrated in a certain area and not fully absorbed by the root system, enabling each portion of the fertilizers to play the maximum role and improving the utilization rate of the fertilizers. S3. The amount sprayed by the nozzle 24 can be adjusted by the PLC controller. When the first guide rod 12 makes an angular adjustment, the amount sprayed by the nozzle 24 closer to the planted plants to the nozzle 24 farther from the planted plants increases sequentially. When the first guide rod 12 rotates away from the planted plants, the spherical rod 38 will rotate from the highest point to the lowest point along the bottom slope of the arc-shaped block 16. Then, under the action of the slope, the transmission rod 26 is pushed downward, thereby driving the first spur gear 27 to drive the transmission rod 26 to rotate in a circle. Since there are three sections of threads with different pitches on the outer wall of the transmission rod 26, and the pitches of the three sections of threads increase in an arithmetic progression from the side closer to the first guide rod 12 to the side farther from the first guide rod 12, the three second guide rods 23 installed on the transmission rod 26 are adjusted to move in an arithmetic progression, so as to cooperate with the fact that the amount sprayed by the nozzle 24 closer to the planted plants to the nozzle 24 farther from the planted plants increases sequentially, so that the fertilization can match the root distribution of the planted plants. Since the plant roots have a high density in the near-plant area but poor fertilizer tolerance, especially in the seedling stage, the nozzles closer to the plants reduce the amount of fertilizer applied, which can prevent root burning and root rot. The outer area far from the plants is the main area for root expansion and nutrient absorption, and requires a higher amount of fertilizer to support growth. By gradient fertilization, it is possible to avoid the problems in traditional uniform fertilization, such as nutrient surplus in the near-root area that is not absorbed and is lost or fixed, and nutrient deficiency in the far-root area. Gradient fertilization makes the nutrient distribution dynamically match the root distribution, reducing leaching and volatilization losses; S4. When the support base 5 is fixed at a specified position and the positions of the two groups of nozzles 24 need to be adjusted, the bolt 36 can be removed first. Then, the staff can rotate the double-threaded lead screw 18 to drive the two sliding blocks 19 to drive a first guide rod 12 to move away from or closer to the planted plants respectively, so as to adjust the nozzle 24 to the specified position. Subsequently, the staff can fix the adjusted first rectangular rod 34 to the threaded hole 35 with the bolt 36. Then, the staff can fix the rack plates 17 that are close to each other in pairs through the steel wire rope 14.

[0024] The above is only the preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, makes equivalent substitutions or changes, and all should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A periodic fertilization device for agricultural planting, characterized in that, Including: A fertilizer bucket (1) and three storage buckets (9) fixedly connected inside the fertilizer bucket (1). Different fertilizers are installed inside the three storage buckets (9), and a cover plate (2) is fixedly connected to the top of the storage bucket (9) through a bolt assembly; A material guiding frame (7) fixedly connected inside the fertilizer bucket (1). A first one-way valve (10) is fixedly connected at the discharge port of the storage bucket (9), and one end of the first one-way valve (10) is connected to the feed port of the material guiding frame (7); A water inlet pipe (3) fixedly connected at the water inlet of the fertilizer bucket (1). The storage bucket (9) is communicated with the water inlet pipe (3) through a second one-way valve (11); A feeding pump (8) installed at the discharge port of the material guiding frame (7). A material guiding pipe (4) is fixedly connected at the discharge port of the feeding pump (8), and one end of the material guiding pipe (4) penetrates to the outside of the fertilizer bucket (1) to communicate with a plurality of fertilization assistants. The fertilization assistants include multiple groups of support seats (5) arranged on one side of the fertilizer bucket (1). Each group of support seats (5) has two. Every two support seats (5) are fixedly connected through a fixing frame (6). Two first diversion rods (12) are arranged at the front end of the fixing frame (6). A plurality of second diversion rods (23) are arranged on one side of each of the two first diversion rods (12). A nozzle (24) is installed at the discharge port at the bottom of each second diversion rod (23). An expansion regulator for expanding and adjusting the plurality of second diversion rods (23) is arranged at the top of the first diversion rod (12). An angle adjustment mechanism for adjusting the angle of the first diversion rod (12) is arranged between the fixing frame (6) and the first diversion rod (12).

2. The periodic fertilizing device for agricultural planting according to claim 1, wherein, The fertilization assistant further includes a hose (20) fixedly connected to the feed port of the first diversion rod (12). One end of the hose (20) is connected to the discharge port of the support seat (5). The discharge port of the material guiding pipe (4) is communicated with the feed port of the support seat (5) through a diversion pipe. The second diversion rod (23) is communicated with the first diversion rod (12) through a corrugated pipe (25), and every two second diversion rods (23) are communicated with each other through the corrugated pipe (25).

3. The periodic fertilizing device for agricultural planting according to claim 2, wherein A bidirectional threaded screw rod (18) is rotatably connected inside the fixing frame (6). The outer wall of the bidirectional threaded screw rod (18) is provided with a positive thread and a reverse thread. A sliding block (19) is threadedly connected to the outer walls of the positive thread and the reverse thread. The two sliding blocks (19) are slidably connected inside the fixing frame (6). The two sliding blocks (19) are respectively arranged on one side of a first diversion rod (12).

4. The periodic fertilization device for agricultural planting according to claim 3, wherein The angle adjustment mechanism includes a first connecting seat (30) fixedly connected to one side of the sliding block (19). A connecting shaft (29) is rotatably connected to the inner side of the first connecting seat (30). One end of the connecting shaft (29) penetrates below the first connecting seat (30) and is fixedly connected to the first diversion rod (12). A second straight gear (28) is fixedly connected to the top of the connecting shaft (29). A rack plate (17) is arranged on the top of the sliding block (19). Teeth engaging with the two second straight gears (28) are arranged on both the inner and outer sides of the rack plate (17). A auxiliary seat (21) is fixedly connected to one side of one of the fixed frames (6). A hydraulic cylinder (22) is installed on one side of the auxiliary seat (21). The output end of the hydraulic cylinder (22) penetrates outside the auxiliary seat (21) and is fixedly connected to one of the rack plates (17) through a bolt assembly. A T-shaped block (31) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the rack plate (17). The T-shaped block (31) is slidably connected to the inside of the sliding block (19). A connecting plate (32) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the T-shaped block (31). A connecting spring (33) is installed between the connecting plate (32) and the sliding block (19).

5. The periodic fertilizing device for agricultural planting according to claim 4, wherein A plurality of the rack plates (17) are provided, and every two of the rack plates (17) are fixedly connected by a steel wire rope (14).

6. The periodic fertilization device for agricultural planting according to claim 5, characterized in that, The rack plate (17) is composed of two moving plates. A first rectangular rod (34) is fixedly connected to one side of one moving plate. A limiting sliding groove matching with the first rectangular rod (34) is formed in the inner side of the other moving plate. The two moving plates are slidably connected by the first rectangular rod (34). A threaded hole (35) penetrating through to the bottom is formed in the top of the other moving plate. A threaded hole (35) is also formed in the inner side of the first rectangular rod (34). The first rectangular rod (34) is fixedly connected to the other moving plate by a bolt (36).

7. The periodic fertilizing device for agricultural planting according to claim 6, characterized in that, The expansion regulator includes a U-shaped bracket (13) fixedly connected to the top of the first diversion rod (12). A transmission rod (26) is rotatably connected to the inner side of the U-shaped bracket (13). The second diversion rod (23) is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the transmission rod (26). A second rectangular rod (37) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the U-shaped bracket (13). The second diversion rod (23) is slidably connected to the outer wall of the second rectangular rod (37). One end of the transmission rod (26) penetrates outside the U-shaped bracket (13) and is fixedly connected to a first straight gear (27). A transmission rod (26) meshes with one side of the first straight gear (27).

8. The periodic fertilizing device for agricultural planting according to claim 7, characterized in that, The extension regulator further includes a second connecting seat (39) fixedly connected to one side of the first guide rod (12). A T-shaped rod (40) is slidably connected to the inner side of the second connecting seat (39), and the T-shaped rod (40) is fixedly connected to the transmission rod (26). An auxiliary spring (41) is installed between the T-shaped rod (40) and the second connecting seat (39). The top of the T-shaped rod (40) is fixedly connected to a spherical rod (38). A connecting rod (15) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the fixed frame (6). One end of the connecting rod (15) is fixedly connected to an arc-shaped block (16). The bottom of the arc-shaped block (16) is provided with a slope, and the arc-shaped block (16) is arranged on one side of the spherical rod (38).

9. The periodic fertilization device for agricultural planting according to claim 8, characterized in that, The outer wall of the transmission rod (26) is provided with three threads with different pitches. The pitches of the three threads increase in an arithmetic progression from near the first guide rod (12) to away from the first guide rod (12).

10. A periodic fertilization method for agricultural planting, characterized in that, Using a periodic fertilizing device for agricultural planting according to claim 9, the following steps are included: S1. A first guide hole communicating with the hose (20) is opened inside the support base (5). A second guide hole communicating with the corrugated pipe (25) is opened inside the first guide rod (12). A third guide hole communicating with the corrugated pipe (25) is opened inside the second guide rod (23). First, the staff inserts each group of the support bases (5) into the designated soil respectively, and makes the two second guide rods (23) located on both sides of the planted plants respectively. Then the staff places the fertilizers into the three storage barrels (9) in sequence, and connects the water inlet pipe (3) with an external water supply pipe at the same time, so that water enters the storage barrels (9) through the second one-way valve (11) in sequence for mixing with the fertilizers. When the first fertilization is needed, one of the first one-way valves (10) can be opened, so that the fertilizers are fed into the guide pipe (4) through the feeding pump (8) and sprayed around the planted plants through the nozzle (24), thus realizing the first fertilization; S2. When the second fertilization is needed, start the hydraulic cylinder (22). The output end of the hydraulic cylinder (22) extends, so as to drive the rack plate (17) to move away from the second spur gear (28), and then drive one of the second spur gears (28) to drive a first guide rod (12) to rotate away from the planted plants through two sets of teeth arranged inside. Since the planted plants are just planted at the beginning and need to be fertilized nearby, when the roots of the planted plants need to absorb fertilizers during the growth process after a period of time, by adjusting the angle of the first guide rod (12), multiple nozzles (24) can be in an inclined state, so that the fertilizers are evenly distributed in the area after the root system expands, avoiding the situation that the fertilizers are concentrated in a certain area and not fully absorbed by the root system, enabling each portion of the fertilizers to play the maximum role and improving the utilization rate of the fertilizers; S3. The amount sprayed by the nozzle (24) can be adjusted by the PLC controller. When the first deflector rod (12) adjusts its angle, the amount sprayed by the nozzle (24) closer to the planted crop to the nozzle (24) farther from the planted crop increases sequentially. When the first deflector rod (12) rotates away from the planted crop, the spherical rod (38) will rotate from the highest point to the lowest point along the bottom slope of the arc-shaped block (16). Then, under the action of the slope, the transmission rod (26) is pushed downward, thereby driving the first spur gear (27) to drive the transmission rod (26) to rotate in a circle. Since there are three sections of threads with different pitches on the outer wall of the transmission rod (26), and the pitches of the three threads increase in an arithmetic progression from the side closer to the first deflector rod (12) to the side farther from the first deflector rod (12), the three second deflector rods (23) mounted on the transmission rod (26) move and adjust in an arithmetic progression, so as to cooperate with the fact that the amount sprayed by the nozzle (24) closer to the planted crop to the nozzle (24) farther from the planted crop increases sequentially, so that the fertilization can match the root distribution of the planted crop. Since the plant roots have a high density in the area near the plant but poor fertilizer tolerance (especially in the seedling stage), the nozzles closer to the plant reduce the amount of fertilizer applied to prevent root burning and root rot. The outer area far from the plant is the main area for root expansion and nutrient absorption, and higher fertilizer amounts are required to support growth. By gradient fertilization, it is possible to avoid the problem in traditional uniform fertilization that the nutrients in the near-root area are excessive (lost or fixed without being absorbed), and the nutrients in the far-root area are insufficient. Gradient fertilization makes the nutrient distribution dynamically match the root distribution, reducing leaching and volatilization losses; S4. When the support base (5) is fixed at a specified position and the positions of the two groups of nozzles (24) need to be adjusted, the bolt (36) can be removed first. Then, the staff can rotate the double-threaded lead screw (18) to drive the two sliding blocks (19) to drive a first deflector rod (12) to move away from or closer to the planted crop respectively, so as to adjust the nozzle (24) to the specified position. Subsequently, the staff can fix the adjusted first rectangular rod (34) to the threaded hole (35) through the bolt (36). Then, the staff can fix the rack plates (17) that are close to each other in pairs through the steel wire rope (14).

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