Feed formula and process for improving yellow tripe of fattening sheep

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of functional feed additive development, in particular to a feed formula and a process for improving yellow tripe of fattening sheep, a novel selenium-porphyrin complex is used for resisting oxidation, an extract rich in beta-glucan and mannan oligosaccharide is used for regulating immunity and intestinal flora, a natural plant polyphenol compound is used for chelating heavy metals, and the feed has the effects of improving immunity and improving the yellow tripe of fattening sheep. The nano-scale montmorillonite and probiotic compound preparation can regulate intestinal tracts, the special amino acid chelated iron can supplement iron, and basic raw materials and other additives are added. The feed disclosed by the invention can efficiently improve the yellow tripe of the fattening sheep, and improves the growth performance and mutton quality of the fattening sheep by regulating nutrition metabolism, enhancing immunity, improving intestinal health, improving oxidation resistance and reducing the incidence rate of the yellow tripe, so that a synergistic effect is provided for farmers.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of the development of functional feed additives, and specifically to a feed formula and process for improving the yellow belly of fattening sheep. Background Art

[0002] In the modern fattening sheep breeding industry, the problem of yellow belly frequently occurs, seriously affecting the health, growth performance and meat quality of fattening sheep, and bringing significant economic losses to farmers. The yellow belly phenomenon is mainly manifested as the yellowing of the abdominal skin and subcutaneous tissue of fattening sheep, and its causes are complex and diverse.

[0003] From the perspective of nutritional metabolism, there are deficiencies in the proportioning and supply of nutritional components in traditional feeds. Basic feed raw materials such as corn and soybean meal can provide the main energy and protein, but lack the precise supply of some key nutritional elements. For example, the content of trace element selenium in conventional feeds is unstable and in a single form, mostly inorganic selenium, and the absorption rate of fattening sheep is low, which cannot effectively meet the needs of the body's antioxidant defense system. When selenium is deficient, the activities of antioxidant enzymes such as glutathione peroxidase in fattening sheep decrease, and excessive free radicals cannot be removed in time, resulting in increased lipid peroxidation and then the yellow belly phenomenon. At the same time, the imbalance of vitamins and minerals will also interfere with the metabolic pathways of fattening sheep. For example, vitamin E, as an important antioxidant vitamin, if its content in the feed is insufficient, it cannot play an antioxidant role synergistically with selenium, further aggravating the damage of oxidative stress to the liver and adipose tissue and promoting the formation of yellow belly.

[0004] In terms of intestinal health, the current fattening sheep breeding environment and feed conditions are likely to cause intestinal microecological imbalance. Under the intensive breeding mode, fattening sheep are easily invaded by various pathogenic bacteria, such as harmful bacteria like Escherichia coli and Salmonella, which multiply in large numbers in the intestine and damage the integrity of the intestinal mucosal barrier. Traditional feeds lack functional components that can effectively regulate the intestinal flora and are difficult to promote the growth and colonization of beneficial bacteria such as Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus. The excessive proliferation of harmful bacteria will produce a large amount of endotoxins and harmful substances. After these substances are absorbed into the blood, on the one hand, they interfere with the normal metabolic function of the liver, causing disorders in bilirubin metabolism, and on the other hand, they promote abnormal fat metabolism, resulting in abnormal deposition and oxidation of fat in the abdomen, manifested as yellow belly symptoms. Moreover, some feed raw materials may produce mycotoxins during processing and storage, such as aflatoxin and zearalenone. These toxins will damage the liver and immune system of fattening sheep, reduce their resistance to diseases, aggravate intestinal health problems, and indirectly exacerbate the yellow belly phenomenon.

[0005] In addition, the stress factors in the breeding environment cannot be ignored. Fattening sheep face various environmental stresses such as temperature, humidity, and feeding density during the growth process. For example, a high-temperature and high-humidity environment can lead to a decrease in the feed intake of fattening sheep, an increase in the respiratory rate, metabolic disorders in the body, and an increase in the level of oxidative stress. Traditional feeds cannot provide sufficient anti-stress nutrients and functional components for fattening sheep, making it difficult for them to cope with the negative impacts brought about by environmental changes, further increasing the occurrence probability of the yellow belly problem. With the continuous improvement of consumers' requirements for mutton quality and the needs of the sustainable development of the breeding industry, it is urgent to develop a feed formula and process that can effectively improve the yellow belly problem of fattening sheep to solve the many problems faced in traditional breeding and improve the economic and social benefits of fattening sheep breeding. Summary of the Invention

[0006] (I) Technical problems to be solved In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a feed formula and process for improving the yellow belly of fattening sheep.

[0007] (II) Technical solutions A feed formula for improving the yellow belly of fattening sheep, which is composed of the following innovative components: 3 - 8 parts of a novel selenium-porphyrin complex, in which the metal ion at the center of the porphyrin ring is replaced by selenium, and the chemical structural formula is: 10 - 20 parts of yeast cell wall extract rich in β-glucan and mannan oligosaccharide, in which the β-glucan content is 20% - 30% and the mannan oligosaccharide content is 15% - 25%; 5 - 10 parts of a natural plant polyphenol complex, which is composed of procyanidins, ellagic acid, and chlorogenic acid in a mass ratio of 3:2:1; 4 - 7 parts of a composite preparation of nano-sized montmorillonite and probiotics, the particle size of the nano-sized montmorillonite is 20 - 80 nm, the probiotics are Lactobacillus acidophilus and Enterococcus faecalis, and the ratio of the two is 2:1; 2 - 5 parts of a special amino acid chelated iron, which is chelated by glycine and iron ions in a ratio of 3:1, and the chemical structure is Fe(Gly)3; 60 - 70 parts of basic feed raw materials, including corn, soybean meal, and wheat bran, with a mass ratio of 6:3:1.

[0008] Preferably, it further includes 1 - 3 parts of a novel bioactive peptide, which is obtained by enzymatic hydrolysis of deep-sea fish protein, and its amino acid sequence contains a continuous arginine-glycine-aspartic acid RGD tripeptide structure.

[0009] Preferably, it further comprises 0.5 - 2 parts of a compound vitamin and mineral premix, wherein the vitamin A content is 5000 - 8000 IU / kg, the vitamin D3 content is 1000 - 2000 IU / kg, the vitamin E content is 50 - 100 mg / kg, the iron content is 50 - 80 mg / kg, the zinc content is 60 - 100 mg / kg, and the manganese content is 30 - 50 mg / kg.

[0010] Preferably, the porphyrin ring of the novel selenium-porphyrin complex carries a hydrophilic group sulfonic acid group, so that its solubility in water is 1 - 5 g / L.

[0011] Preferably, the particle size of the yeast cell wall extract rich in β-glucan and mannan oligosaccharide is 100 - 200 μm, and its viscosity of the water suspension is 10 - 20 mPa・s as measured by a laser particle size analyzer.

[0012] Preferably, the antioxidant capacity of the natural plant polyphenol complex is measured by the oxygen radical absorbance capacity ORAC value, and its ORAC value is 5000 - 8000 μmol TE / g.

[0013] Preferably, a feed process for improving the yellow belly of fattening sheep comprises the following steps: S1: Mix corn, soybean meal, and wheat bran in a mass ratio of 6:3:1, and pulverize them using a hammer mill. During the pulverization process, control the temperature of the pulverization chamber not to exceed 40 °C, and pulverize them into particles with a particle size of 1 - 2 mm; S2: Ultrafinely pulverize the yeast cell wall extract rich in β-glucan and mannan oligosaccharide using a jet mill with a pulverization pressure of 0.6 - 0.8 MPa to make its particle size reach 50 - 100 μm; S3: Pre-mix the novel selenium-porphyrin complex, natural plant polyphenol complex, nano-sized montmorillonite, composite preparation of probiotics, and special amino acid chelated iron according to the formula ratio. The pre-mixing is carried out using a V-type mixer with a mixing time of 15 - 20 minutes and a rotation speed of 30 - 40 r / min; S4: Sufficiently mix the basic feed particles obtained in step S1, the ultrafinely pulverized yeast cell wall extract obtained in step S2, the premix obtained in step S3, the novel bioactive peptide described in claim 2, and the compound vitamin and mineral premix described in claim 3 using a double-shaft paddle mixer with a mixing time of 25 - 35 minutes and a rotation speed of 60 - 80 r / min; S5: Steam condition the mixed feed with a steam pressure of 0.2 - 0.3 MPa, control the temperature at 85 - 95 °C, and the time for 12 - 18 minutes to make the moisture content of the feed reach 13% - 15%; S6: Process the conditioned feed into pellet feed with a particle size of 3 - 5 mm through a ring die pellet mill. The die hole compression ratio of the ring die pellet mill is 9 - 11:1, and during the pelleting process, control the current of the pellet mill not to exceed 80% of the rated current.

[0014] Preferably, in step S1, the hammer tip linear speed of the hammer mill is 80 - 100 m / s.

[0015] Preferably, in step S2, the feeding speed of the air classifier mill is 10 - 20 kg / h.

[0016] Preferably, the hardness of the pellet feed obtained in step S6 is 6 - 9 N, measured by a pellet hardness tester, and the powdering rate of the pellets does not exceed 3%.

[0017] (III) Beneficial technical effects Compared with the existing technology, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. The novel selenium-porphyrin complex can efficiently scavenge free radicals in fattening sheep. Compared with traditional inorganic selenium, its biological utilization rate is improved, greatly enhancing the antioxidant capacity of fattening sheep, effectively inhibiting lipid peroxidation, and reducing yellow belly caused by oxidative stress. The yeast cell wall extract rich in β-glucan and mannan oligosaccharide. β-glucan can enhance the activity of immune cells in fattening sheep, and mannan oligosaccharide can increase the number of beneficial bacteria in the intestine. The two work together to regulate the body's immunity and intestinal flora, improve intestinal health, and relieve yellow belly from the root cause. The natural plant polyphenol complex, with a high ORAC value, strongly chelates heavy metal ions, reduces their harm to fattening sheep, reduces the absorption of harmful substances in the intestine, and promotes the normalization of intestinal function.

[0018] 2. The special amino acid chelated iron can improve the utilization rate of iron, ensure the normal synthesis of hemoglobin in fattening sheep, enhance its anti-stress ability, and reduce the risk of metabolic disorders and yellow belly caused by stress. The novel bioactive peptide, through its unique RGD structure, accelerates the repair of the intestinal mucosa, improves the repair rate, and maintains the integrity of the intestinal barrier. The compound vitamin and mineral premix precisely meet the growth needs of fattening sheep, ensuring the normal operation of the body's metabolism and immune function.

[0019] 3. The unique crushing, mixing, conditioning, and pelleting processes ensure the quality of the feed. For example, control the temperature during the crushing process to prevent the loss of heat-sensitive nutritional components; advanced mixing equipment and parameters ensure the uniform mixing of each component, making the feed nutritionally balanced. The growth performance of fattening sheep fed with the feed of the present invention is significantly improved, the daily weight gain is increased, the feed conversion rate is increased, and at the same time, the quality of mutton is improved, the fat distribution is more uniform, the mutton smell is reduced, the market competitiveness is improved, bringing considerable economic benefits to farmers, and also promoting the healthy development of the fattening sheep breeding industry. Brief description of the drawings

[0020] Figure 1 It is a process flow chart of a feed formula preparation for improving the yellow belly of fattening sheep proposed by the present invention; Figure 2 It is a broken line comparison chart of the yellow belly improvement rate between the examples and the control groups; Figure 3 It is a comparison chart of daily weight gain and feed conversion rate between the examples and the control groups; Figure 4 It is a radar comparison chart of the growth performance, yellow belly improvement, number of beneficial intestinal bacteria, and mutton quality score of fattening sheep between the examples and the control groups. Detailed implementation manners

[0021] According to Figures 1 to 4 , the detailed implementation manners of the present invention are as follows: Examples

[0022] Raw material preparation: The raw materials of the feed formula include the following components and their specifications, sources, and treatment methods: The purity of the new selenium-porphyrin complex is 98%, with hydrophilic groups and a solubility in water of 2 grams per liter. It is synthesized in the laboratory and needs to be stored in a dark and sealed manner in a cool place; The content of β-glucan in the yeast cell wall extract rich in β-glucan and mannan oligosaccharide is 22%, the content of mannan oligosaccharide is 18%, and the particle size is 150 microns. It is purchased from a professional microbial fermentation enterprise and needs to be stored in a sealed and moisture-proof manner; The ORAC value of the natural plant polyphenol complex is 6000 micromoles TE per gram, which is compounded from procyanidins, ellagic acid, and chlorogenic acid in a mass ratio of 3:2:1. It is derived from various plant extracts and needs to be stored in a dry and dark place; In the composite preparation of nano-sized montmorillonite and probiotics, the particle size of montmorillonite is 50 nanometers, the ratio of Lactobacillus acidophilus to Enterococcus faecalis is 2:1, and the viable bacteria count is not less than 1×10¹⁰ CFU per gram. It is customized by a microbial preparation manufacturer and needs to be stored in a low-temperature refrigerator; The special amino acid chelated iron is chelated by glycine and iron ions in a ratio of 3:1, and the iron content is 18%. It is customized by a chemical synthesis enterprise and needs to be stored in a sealed manner; The new bioactive peptide contains the RGD tripeptide structure and is customized and synthesized by a biotechnology company. It needs to be stored in a low-temperature freezer; The composite vitamin and mineral premix contains 6000 international units per kilogram of vitamin A, 1500 international units per kilogram of vitamin D3, 70 milligrams per kilogram of vitamin E, 60 milligrams per kilogram of iron, 80 milligrams per kilogram of zinc, and 40 milligrams per kilogram of manganese. It is purchased from a feed additive enterprise and needs to be stored in a sealed and dry manner; The moisture content of corn is 13%, and the crude protein content is 8%. It comes from the local grain market and is stored in a dry warehouse after screening impurities; The crude protein content of soybean meal is 43%. It is purchased from the local feed raw material market and needs to be stored in a ventilated and dry place; The crude protein content of wheat bran is 15%, and it is stored according to the conventional feed raw material standard.

[0023] Preparation process: Mixing and Crushing of Basic Raw Materials: Weigh corn, soybean meal, and wheat bran according to a mass ratio of 6:3:1, and put them into a hammer mill. Start the mill and adjust the rotational speed to keep the linear speed of the hammer at about 85 m / s. During the crushing process, control the temperature in the crushing chamber at 35 °C through a cooling device. After crushing, sieve to obtain particles with a particle size of 1 - 2 mm, and collect them for standby.

[0024] Ultrafine Crushing of Yeast Cell Wall Extract: Take the yeast cell wall extract rich in β-glucan and mannan oligosaccharide, and put it into a jet mill. Set the crushing pressure at 0.65 MPa and the feeding speed at 12 kg / h. Start the equipment for ultrafine crushing. After crushing, sieve the product to obtain an ultrafine powder with a particle size between 50 - 100 μm, and pack it in a sealed container for storage.

[0025] Premixing of Some Ingredients: Weigh 3 kg of a novel selenium-porphyrin complex, 5 kg of a natural plant polyphenol complex, 4 kg of a composite preparation of nanoscale montmorillonite and probiotics, and 2 kg of special amino acid chelated iron, and put them into a V-type mixer. Set the rotational speed of the mixer at 35 r / min and the mixing time at 18 minutes to preliminarily and evenly mix the ingredients to obtain a premix.

[0026] Full Mixing of All Materials: Add 65 kg of the basic feed particles obtained in step 1, 15 kg of the ultrafine powder of yeast cell wall extract obtained in step 2, 14 kg of the premix obtained in step 3, 1 kg of a novel bioactive peptide, and 1 kg of a composite vitamin and mineral premix into a double-shaft paddle mixer. Set the rotational speed of the mixer at 70 r / min and the mixing time at 30 minutes to ensure that all materials are fully and evenly mixed.

[0027] Steam Conditioning: Convey the mixed materials to a steam conditioner. Pass in steam to maintain the steam pressure at 0.22 MPa, control the temperature at 88 °C, and the conditioning time at 15 minutes. During the conditioning process, monitor the moisture content of the materials in real time to make it reach about 14%.

[0028] Pelleting: The conditioned materials enter a ring die pellet mill, and the die hole compression ratio of the ring die pellet mill is set at 10:1. Start the pellet mill and control the current of the pellet mill at about 70% of the rated current to produce pellet feed with a particle size of 3 - 5 mm. Conduct quality inspections on the produced pellet feed, including indicators such as hardness and powdering rate. After passing the inspection, it is packaged. Example

[0029] Raw Material Preparation: The raw materials of this feed formula include the following components, their specifications, sources, and treatment methods: The purity of the novel selenium-porphyrin complex is 99%, and its solubility in water is 3 grams per liter. It is synthesized in the laboratory and needs to be stored in a cool place away from light and sealed; in the yeast cell wall extract rich in β-glucan and mannan oligosaccharide, the β-glucan content is 25%, the mannan oligosaccharide content is 20%, the particle size is 120 microns, purchased from a professional microbial fermentation enterprise, and needs to be stored sealed and moisture-proof; the ORAC value of the natural plant polyphenol complex is 7000 micromoles TE per gram, which is compounded from procyanidin, ellagic acid, and chlorogenic acid in a mass ratio of 3:2:1, sourced from various plant extracts, and needs to be stored dry and away from light; in the composite preparation of nano-sized montmorillonite and probiotics, the particle size of montmorillonite is 60 nanometers, the ratio of Lactobacillus acidophilus to Enterococcus faecalis is 2:1, and the viable count is not less than 1.2×10¹⁰ CFU per gram. It is customized by a microbial preparation manufacturer and needs to be stored refrigerated at low temperature; the special amino acid chelated iron is chelated by glycine and iron ions in a ratio of 3:1, with an iron content of 20%. It is customized by a chemical synthesis enterprise and needs to be stored sealed; the novel bioactive peptide contains the RGD tripeptide structure, customized and synthesized by a biotech company, and needs to be stored frozen at low temperature; the composite vitamin and mineral premix contains 7000 international units of vitamin A per kilogram, 1800 international units of vitamin D3 per kilogram, 80 milligrams of vitamin E per kilogram, 70 milligrams of iron per kilogram, 90 milligrams of zinc per kilogram, and 45 milligrams of manganese per kilogram. It is purchased from a feed additive enterprise and needs to be stored sealed and dry; the moisture content of corn is 12.5%, and the crude protein content is 8.5%. It comes from the local grain market and is stored in a dry warehouse after screening impurities; the crude protein content of soybean meal is 45%, purchased from the local feed raw material market, and needs to be stored in a ventilated and dry place; the crude protein content of wheat bran is 16%, purchased from the local grain processing enterprise, and needs to be stored avoiding a humid environment.

[0030] Preparation process: Mixing and grinding of basic raw materials: Weigh corn, soybean meal, and wheat bran according to the mass ratio and put them into a hammer mill. Adjust the rotation speed of the mill so that the linear speed of the hammer is 90 m / s, and control the temperature of the grinding chamber at 38 °C through the cooling system. After grinding, sieve to obtain particles with a particle size of 1-2 mm and store for later use.

[0031] Ultra-fine grinding of yeast cell wall extract: Put the yeast cell wall extract rich in β-glucan and mannan oligosaccharide into a jet mill. Set the grinding pressure at 0.7 MPa and the feeding speed at 15 kg / h for ultra-fine grinding. Sieve the grinding product and collect the ultra-fine powder with a particle size of 50-100 μm and store it sealed.

[0032] Partial ingredient premixing: Weigh 5 kg of the novel selenium-porphyrin complex, 7 kg of the natural plant polyphenol complex, 5 kg of the composite preparation of nanoscale montmorillonite and probiotics, and 3 kg of the special amino acid chelated iron, and put them into a V-type mixer. Set the rotation speed at 40 r / min and the mixing time at 20 minutes to make a premix.

[0033] Full mixing of all materials: Put 63 kg of the basic feed pellets from Step 1, 18 kg of the ultrafine powder of yeast cell wall extract from Step 2, 20 kg of the premix from Step 3, 1.5 kg of the novel bioactive peptide, and 1.5 kg of the composite vitamin and mineral premix into a double-shaft paddle mixer. Set the rotation speed at 75 r / min and the mixing time at 32 minutes to ensure uniform mixing.

[0034] Steam conditioning: Transport the mixed materials to a steam conditioner, introduce steam, maintain the steam pressure at 0.25 MPa and the temperature at 90 °C, and condition for 16 minutes to make the moisture content of the materials reach 14.5%.

[0035] Pelleting: The conditioned materials enter a ring die pellet mill, and the die hole compression ratio is set at 10.5:1. Start the pellet mill, control the current at 75% of the rated current, and produce pellet feed with a particle size of 3 - 5 mm. Conduct quality inspection on the pellet feed and package it after passing the inspection. Example

[0036] Raw material preparation: The raw materials of this feed formula include the following components and their specifications: The purity of the novel selenium-porphyrin complex is 98.5%, and its solubility in water is 2.5 grams per liter; the content of β-glucan in the yeast cell wall extract rich in β-glucan and mannan oligosaccharide is 23%, the content of mannan oligosaccharide is 19%, and the particle size is 130 microns; the ORAC value of the natural plant polyphenol complex is 6500 micromoles TE per gram, and it is compounded from procyanidins, ellagic acid, and chlorogenic acid according to a mass ratio of 3:2:1; in the composite preparation of nanoscale montmorillonite and probiotics, the particle size of montmorillonite is 55 nanometers, the ratio of Lactobacillus acidophilus to Enterococcus faecalis is 2:1, and the viable count is not less than 1.1 × 10^10 CFU per gram; the special amino acid chelated iron is chelated from glycine and iron ions at a ratio of 3:1, and the iron content is 19%; the novel bioactive peptide contains the RGD tripeptide structure; the composite vitamin and mineral premix contains 6500 international units of vitamin A per kilogram, 1600 international units of vitamin D3 per kilogram, 75 milligrams of vitamin E per kilogram, 65 milligrams of iron per kilogram, 85 milligrams of zinc per kilogram, and 42 milligrams of manganese per kilogram; the moisture content of corn is 13.5%, and the crude protein content is 7.8%; the crude protein content of soybean meal is 44%; the crude protein content of wheat bran is 15.5%.

[0037] Preparation process: Mixing and Crushing of Basic Raw Materials: Weigh corn, soybean meal, and wheat bran in proportion and put them into a hammer mill. Adjust the rotation speed of the mill to keep the linear speed of the hammer blades at 88 m / s and control the temperature in the crushing chamber at 36 °C. After crushing, sieve to obtain basic feed particles with a particle size of 1 - 2 mm, and collect and store them.

[0038] Ultrafine Crushing of Yeast Cell Wall Extract: Put the yeast cell wall extract into a jet mill, set the crushing pressure at 0.68 MPa and the feeding speed at 13 kg / h for ultrafine crushing. After crushing, sieve to obtain ultrafine powder with a particle size of 50 - 100 μm, and store it in a sealed manner.

[0039] Pre - mixing of Some Ingredients: Weigh 4 kg of novel selenium - porphyrin complex, 6 kg of natural plant polyphenol complex, 4.5 kg of composite preparation of nanoscale montmorillonite and probiotics, and 2.5 kg of special amino acid chelated iron, and put them into a V - type mixer. Set the rotation speed at 38 r / min and the mixing time at 19 minutes to prepare the premix.

[0040] Full Mixing of All Materials: Add 64 kg of the basic feed particles from step 1, 16 kg of the ultrafine powder of yeast cell wall extract from step 2, 17 kg of the premix from step 3, 1.2 kg of novel bioactive peptide, and 1.3 kg of composite vitamin and mineral premix into a double - shaft paddle mixer. Set the rotation speed at 72 r / min and the mixing time at 31 minutes to achieve full mixing.

[0041] Steam Conditioning: Convey the mixed materials to a steam conditioner, control the steam pressure at 0.23 MPa and the temperature at 89 °C, and condition for 15.5 minutes to make the moisture content of the materials reach 14.2%.

[0042] Pelleting: The conditioned materials enter a ring die pellet mill, and the die hole compression ratio is set at 10.2:1. Start the pellet mill and control the current at 72% of the rated current to produce pellet feed that meets the particle size requirements. Conduct quality inspection on the pellet feed and package it after passing the inspection.

[0043] Comparative Example Raw Material Preparation: The raw materials of this feed formula include the following components and their specifications: The ordinary inorganic selenium additive is sodium selenite with a purity of 95%; the content of β - glucan and mannan oligosaccharide in ordinary yeast powder is low; the single plant extract only contains procyanidins with a purity of 80%; in the mixed preparation of ordinary montmorillonite and conventional probiotics, the particle size of montmorillonite is 1 - 2 μm, and the viable count of probiotics ≥5×10 9 CFU / g; the purity of ferrous sulfate is 98%; there is no special active peptide, which is ordinary soy protein peptide; the component content of the ordinary vitamin and mineral premix is lower than the patent formula; the moisture content of corn is 13%, the crude protein content is 8%; the crude protein content of soybean meal is 43%; the crude protein content of wheat bran is 15%.

[0044] Preparation process: Mixing and crushing of basic raw materials: Weigh corn, soybean meal, and wheat bran according to a mass ratio of 6:3:1, put them into a common crusher, and crush them to a particle size of 1 - 3 mm without temperature control.

[0045] Simple mixing of additives: Weigh common inorganic selenium additives, common yeast powder, single plant extracts, common montmorillonite, conventional probiotic mixed preparations, ferrous sulfate, special non - active peptides, common vitamins, and mineral premixes, and put them together into a simple stirring device, stir for 10 minutes, and mix evenly.

[0046] Mixing all materials: Mix the basic feed particles in step 1 with the mixed additives in step 2, and stir again for 15 minutes.

[0047] Conventional conditioning and pelletizing: Transport the mixed materials to a common steam conditioner, with a steam pressure of 0.15 MPa and a temperature of 75 °C, condition for 8 minutes, and the moisture content reaches 12%. Then enter a common ring die pelletizer with a die hole compression ratio of 8:1 to pelletize and obtain feed pellets.

[0048] Item Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Comparative Example Improvement rate of yellow belly (30 days) 75% 80% 78% 30% Daily weight gain (g) 250 280 265 200 Feed conversion rate 2.8 2.6 2.7 3.2 Conclusion: This table clearly shows that the examples far exceed the comparative examples in terms of the improvement rate of yellow belly, daily weight gain, and feed conversion rate. The improvement rate of yellow belly in the examples is all above 75%, the daily weight gain is 50 - 80 g higher than that of the comparative examples, and the feed conversion rate is also lower, demonstrating the significant advantages of the feed formula and process of the present invention in improving the growth performance of fattening sheep and the problem of yellow belly.

[0049] Item Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Comparative Example Number of beneficial intestinal bacteria (CFU / g) <![CDATA[8×10 9 > <![CDATA[1×10¹ 0 > <![CDATA[9×10 9 > <![CDATA[3×10 9 > Lamb quality score (out of 10) 8 8.5 8.2 6 Conclusion: This table shows that the number of beneficial intestinal bacteria in the examples is significantly more than that in the comparative examples, and the mutton quality score is also higher. The number of beneficial intestinal bacteria in the examples is 5×10 9 - 7×10 9 CFU / g more than that of the comparative examples, and the mutton quality score is 2 - 2.5 points higher, indicating that the feed of the present invention has a positive impact on the intestinal health of fattening sheep and the mutton quality.

[0050] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, for those of ordinary skill in the art, it can be understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A feed formula for improving the yellow belly of fattening sheep, characterized in that, This feed formula consists of the following innovative ingredients: 3 - 8 parts of a novel selenium - porphyrin complex, in which the metal ion at the center of the porphyrin ring is replaced by selenium, and its chemical structural formula is: 10 - 20 parts of yeast cell wall extract rich in β-glucan and mannan oligosaccharide, wherein the content of β-glucan is 20% - 30% and the content of mannan oligosaccharide is 15% - 25%; 5 - 10 parts of natural plant polyphenol complex, which is composed of procyanidin, ellagic acid and chlorogenic acid according to the mass ratio of 3:2:1; 4 - 7 parts of composite preparation of nano montmorillonite and probiotics, the particle size of nano montmorillonite is 20 - 80 nm, the probiotics are Lactobacillus acidophilus and Enterococcus faecalis, and the ratio of the two is 2:1; 2 - 5 parts of special amino acid chelated iron, which is chelated by glycine and iron ions in a ratio of 3:1, and the chemical structure is Fe(Gly)3; 60 - 70 parts of basic feed raw materials, including corn, soybean meal and wheat bran, and the mass ratio is 6:3:

1.

2. The feed formula for improving the yellow belly of fattening sheep according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes 1 - 3 parts of a novel bioactive peptide, which is obtained by enzymatically hydrolyzing deep - sea fish protein, and its amino acid sequence contains a continuous arginine - glycine - aspartic acid (RGD) tripeptide structure.

3. A feed formula for improving the yellow belly of fattening sheep according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes 0.5 - 2 parts of a compound vitamin and mineral premix, in which the vitamin A content is 5000 - 8000 IU / kg, the vitamin D3 content is 1000 - 2000 IU / kg, the vitamin E content is 50 - 100 mg / kg, the iron content is 50 - 80 mg / kg, the zinc content is 60 - 100 mg / kg, and the manganese content is 30 - 50 mg / kg.

4. A feed formula for improving the yellow belly of fattening sheep according to claim 1, characterized in that, The porphyrin ring of the novel selenium - porphyrin complex is attached with a hydrophilic group, sulfonic acid group, making its solubility in water 1 - 5 g / L.

5. A feed formula for improving the yellow belly of fattening sheep according to claim 1, characterized in that, The particle size of the yeast cell wall extract rich in β - glucan and mannan oligosaccharide is 100 - 200 μm, measured by a laser particle size analyzer, and the viscosity of its water suspension is 10 - 20 mPa・s.

6. A feed formula for improving the yellow belly of fattening sheep according to claim 1, characterized in that, The antioxidant capacity of the natural plant polyphenol complex is measured by the oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) value, and its ORAC value is 5000 - 8000 μmol TE / g.

7. A feed process for improving the yellow belly of fattening sheep, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S1: Mix corn, soybean meal, and wheat bran in a mass ratio of 6:3:1, and crush them using a hammer - mill. During the crushing process, control the temperature in the crushing chamber not to exceed 40 °C, and crush them into particles with a particle size of 1 - 2 mm. S2: Ultra - micro crush the yeast cell wall extract rich in β - glucan and mannan oligosaccharide using a jet mill with a crushing pressure of 0.6 - 0.8 MPa to make its particle size reach 50 - 100 μm. S3: Pre - mix the novel selenium - porphyrin complex, natural plant polyphenol complex, composite preparation of nano - montmorillonite and probiotics, and special amino acid chelated iron according to the formula ratio. The pre - mixing is carried out using a V - type mixer with a mixing time of 15 - 20 minutes and a rotation speed of 30 - 40 r / min. S4: Thoroughly mix the basic feed particles obtained in step S1, the ultra - micro crushed yeast cell wall extract obtained in step S2, the premix obtained in step S3, the novel bioactive peptide described in claim 2, and the compound vitamin and mineral premix described in claim 3 using a double - shaft paddle mixer with a mixing time of 25 - 35 minutes and a rotation speed of 60 - 80 r / min. S5: Steam - condition the mixed feed with a steam pressure of 0.2 - 0.3 MPa, control the temperature at 85 - 95 °C, and the time for 12 - 18 minutes to make the moisture content of the feed reach 13% - 15%. S6: Process the conditioned feed into pellet feed with a particle size of 3 - 5 mm through a ring - die pellet mill. The die - hole compression ratio of the ring - die pellet mill is 9 - 11:1, and during the pelletizing process, control the current of the pellet mill not to exceed 80% of the rated current.

8. The feed process for improving the yellow belly of fattening sheep according to claim 7, characterized in that, In step S1, the peripheral speed of the hammer of the hammer - mill is 80 - 100 m / s.

9. The feed process for improving the yellow belly of fattening sheep according to claim 7, characterized in that, In step S2, the feeding speed of the jet mill is 10 - 20 kg / h.

10. The feed process for improving the yellow belly of fattening sheep according to claim 7, characterized in that, In step S6, the hardness of the prepared pellet feed is 6 - 9 N. Measured by a pellet hardness tester, the pulverization rate of the pellets does not exceed 3%.

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