Elbow cold pushing equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of metal pipe fitting machining, and provides elbow cold pushing equipment which comprises a rack, the rack is provided with a workbench, and a lower die is arranged on the workbench; the downward pressing mechanism is arranged on the rack in a lifting mode, an upper mold is arranged at the downward pressing end of the downward pressing mechanism, and a clamping space used for clamping an elbow is formed between the upper mold and the lower mold; the mold core is arranged in the clamping space, and the mold core, the upper mold and the lower mold form a forming space; the pushing mechanism is arranged on the rack and is adjacent to the lower mold; the pushing end of the pushing mechanism is connected with a swinging arm in a swinging mode, a supporting rod is arranged in the swinging arm in a sliding mode, and the swinging arm can drive the supporting rod and the blank to swing synchronously so that the blank can enter the clamping space. According to the technical scheme, the feeding station is arranged on one side of the axis of the pushing mechanism, so that an operator carries out feeding in a safe area on the side face of equipment and is far away from the direct movement path of the lower die and the pushing mechanism, and the potential safety hazard that the operator gets close to equipment movement parts during traditional manual feeding is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] Embodiments of the present invention relate to the technical field of metal pipe fitting processing, and specifically, to an elbow cold pushing device. Background Art

[0002] In the field of manufacturing pipeline systems, elbows, as key components for connecting pipe fittings, their processing quality and production efficiency directly affect the overall performance of the pipeline system. With advantages such as no need for heating, high processing accuracy, and fast production efficiency, the cold pushing forming process has become one of the mainstream technologies for elbow manufacturing.

[0003] In the material feeding link of existing elbow cold push machines, the straight pipe blanks are usually placed in the clamping space between the upper die and the lower die by manual operation or with the assistance of a robotic arm. During manual feeding, the operator needs to approach the moving parts of the equipment frequently, and is prone to safety accidents such as pinching and bumping due to equipment failures, operating mistakes, etc.; while although robotic arm feeding can partially replace manual labor, there are risks such as positioning deviation and program out-of-control during the operation of the robotic arm, which may also cause potential safety hazards.

[0004] In addition, whether it is manual or robotic arm feeding, the equipment needs to stop intermittently to wait for the material to be in place, resulting in insufficient production continuity and restricting the improvement of processing efficiency. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a new type of elbow cold pushing device to solve the safety hazard problems in the feeding process and improve the automation level and production efficiency of elbow cold pushing processing. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To overcome the above defects, embodiments of the present invention provide an elbow cold pushing device, which solves the technical problem in the prior art that when feeding an elbow cold push machine, it is necessary to place the material in the clamping space between the upper die and the lower die manually or with a robotic arm, resulting in potential safety hazards.

[0006] According to one aspect, at least one embodiment of the present invention provides an elbow cold pushing device for forming a blank into an elbow. The two ends of the blank are symmetrically provided with inclined surfaces, and the device includes: A frame, the frame has a workbench, and a lower die is provided on the workbench; A downward pressing mechanism, the downward pressing mechanism is arranged on the frame in a lifting manner, and an upper die corresponding to the lower die up and down is provided at the downward pressing end of the downward pressing mechanism. The upper die can move downward under the drive of the downward pressing mechanism and form a clamping space for clamping the elbow with the lower die; A die core, the die core is arranged in the clamping space, and the die core and the upper die and the lower die form a forming space located on the outer periphery of the die core and used for forming the elbow A pushing mechanism is provided on the frame and is adjacent to the lower mold. The pushing end of the pushing mechanism faces the lower mold, and is used to push the blank into the forming space to form an elbow. Wherein, a swing arm is swingably connected to the pushing end of the pushing mechanism. A support rod is slidably arranged in the swing arm. The support rod can extend out of the swing arm for the blank to be sleeved thereon. The outer end face of the swing arm is used to abut against the end face of the blank to push the blank. The swing arm can drive the support rod and the blank to swing laterally synchronously so that the blank enters the clamping space. The swing arm can also push the blank into the forming space under the pushing action of the pushing mechanism.

[0007] For example, in an elbow cold-pushing device provided by at least one embodiment of the present invention, a groove is formed on the end face of the swing arm away from the pushing mechanism. The support rod is slidably arranged in the groove. The support rod can move synchronously with the pushing mechanism to abut against the end face of the die core and gradually retract into the groove.

[0008] For example, in an elbow cold-pushing device provided by at least one embodiment of the present invention, a first elastic member is arranged in the groove. The first elastic member is used to elastically push the support rod so that the support rod extends out of the groove.

[0009] For example, in an elbow cold-pushing device provided by at least one embodiment of the present invention, a guide rod extending downward is provided below the swing arm. A guide groove for the guide rod to extend into and slidably cooperate with the guide rod is formed on the workbench. The guide groove includes a forming section and a swing section located on the side of the forming section close to the lower mold. Under the pushing action of the pushing mechanism, the guide rod can drive the swing arm to swing laterally to be coaxial with the pushing mechanism under the guidance of the swing section, and can follow the pushing mechanism to move axially synchronously under the guiding action of the forming section to push the blank into the forming space.

[0010] For example, in an elbow cold-pushing device provided by at least one embodiment of the present invention, an avoidance groove is provided on the side of the lower mold close to the pushing mechanism. The avoidance groove is connected to the clamping space. The avoidance groove can avoid the blank when the swing arm swings so that the blank enters the clamping space.

[0011] For example, in an elbow cold-pushing device provided by at least one embodiment of the present invention, the lower die has a first chute with an upward opening, and the upper die has a second chute with a downward opening and corresponding to the first chute up and down. Both the first chute and the second chute communicate with the clamping space. A vertically extending correcting member is slidably connected in the first chute. The correcting member can horizontally slide toward the central axis side of the clamping space to abut against the inclined surface. Under the pushing action of the pushing mechanism, the correcting member can abut against the inclined surface of the blank to correct the circumferential position of the blank and gradually retract into the first chute under the pushing of the blank.

[0012] For example, in an elbow cold-pushing device provided by at least one embodiment of the present invention, the correcting member includes: A first correcting rod, which is horizontally slidably arranged in the first chute, and the top of the first correcting rod has a plugging rod extending vertically upward; A second correcting rod, which is horizontally slidably arranged in the second chute, and the abutting portion of the second correcting rod has a plugging groove with a downward opening. The upper die moves downward under the action of the pressing mechanism, so that the plugging rod is plugged into the plugging groove.

[0013] For example, in an elbow cold-pushing device provided by at least one embodiment of the present invention, there is a second elastic member between the first correcting rod and the inner wall of the first chute. The second elastic member is used to elastically push the first correcting rod so that the first correcting rod horizontally moves to the clamping space; there is a third elastic member between the second correcting rod and the second chute. The third elastic member is used to elastically push the second correcting rod so that the second correcting rod horizontally moves to the clamping space.

[0014] For example, in an elbow cold-pushing device provided by at least one embodiment of the present invention, the upper end of the plugging rod has a round head, and the lower slot opening of the plugging groove has a chamfer.

[0015] For example, in an elbow cold-pushing device provided by at least one embodiment of the present invention, it further includes a blanking arm swingably arranged on one side of the frame. The blanking arm is connected to the die core and can swing vertically to drive the die core and the elbow sleeved on the die core to synchronously move out of the clamping space.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present invention are: In the present invention, by arranging the feeding station on one side of the axis of the pushing mechanism, the operator can perform feeding in the safe area on the side of the equipment, far away from the direct movement path of the lower die and the pushing mechanism, avoiding the safety hazard of approaching the moving parts of the equipment during traditional manual feeding. The articulated connection structure of the swing arm enables it to swing horizontally to be coaxial with the pushing mechanism under the drive of the pushing mechanism. This swinging process realizes the automatic centering of the blank, eliminating the need for precise position adjustment by manual labor or robotic arms, and solving the problem of positioning deviation in the prior art. The design of the support rod extending out for the blank to be sleeved uses the abutting relationship between the end face of the blank and the end face of the swing arm to form a stable pushing force-receiving surface, ensuring that the blank moves smoothly along the axis of the die core during the pushing process and avoiding slipping or deviation.

[0017] The movement trajectory of the pushing mechanism is divided into a swinging centering stage and a linear pushing stage: in the swinging stage, the swing arm is adjusted in angle through a guiding or driving structure to accurately align the blank with the clamping space; in the linear pushing stage, through the end-face abutment and the sliding fit of the support rod, the blank is gradually sleeved on the die core to achieve precise positioning within the forming space. Integrating the feeding, centering, and pushing processes into a single movement of the pushing mechanism eliminates the problem of intermittent equipment downtime waiting for the material to be in place, significantly improving production continuity. The sliding fit between the swing arm and the support rod can also adapt to the minor position deviation of the blank during the pushing process. Through the rigid abutment and dynamic adjustment of the mechanical structure, the circumferential position consistency of the blank is ensured, providing stable initial conditions for subsequent cold pushing forming. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the following-described drawings are only some exemplary embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on the content of the exemplary embodiments of the present invention and these drawings.

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the initial (feeding) state of an elbow cold pushing device in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 For Figure 1 the enlarged view at A in Figure 3 For Figure 1 the schematic structural diagram of the working state of an elbow cold pushing device in the embodiment of Figure 4 For Figure 1 a transverse sectional view of an elbow cold pushing device in the embodiment of Figure 5 For Figure 4 the enlarged view at B in Figure 6 is Figure 5 the enlarged view at C in Figure 7 is Figure 1 a vertical sectional view of an elbow cold pushing device in an embodiment of Figure 8 is Figure 7 the enlarged view at D in

[0020] In the figure: 1, blank; 11, inclined surface; 2, frame; 21, workbench; 22, lower die; 3, downward pressing mechanism; 31, upper die; 32, clamping space; 4, die core; 41, forming space; 5, pushing mechanism; 6, swing arm; 7, support rod; 61, groove; 62, first elastic member; 63, guide rod; 211, guide groove; 212, forming section; 213, swing section; 221, avoidance groove; 222, first sliding groove; 8, correcting member; 311, second sliding groove; 81, first correcting rod; 811, inserting rod; 82, second correcting rod; 821, inserting slot; 812, second elastic member; 822, third elastic member; 9, blanking arm. Detailed implementation manners The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It can be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, rather than limiting the present invention.

[0021] For the sake of simplicity of the drawings, only the parts related to the disclosure are schematically shown in each figure, and they do not represent their actual structures as products. In addition, for the sake of simplicity and easy understanding of the drawings, in some figures, components with the same structure or function are only schematically shown for one of them, or only one of them is marked. In this article, "one" not only means "only this one", but also means "more than one" situation, and "several" includes "two" and "more than two".

[0022] In this article, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

[0023] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified or limited, the first feature being "above" or "below" the second feature may include the direct contact between the first and second features, or may include the contact between the first and second features not directly but through additional features therebetween. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "over" and "on top of" the second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicates that the horizontal height of the first feature is higher than that of the second feature. The first feature being "below", "under" and "beneath" the second feature includes that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or merely indicates that the horizontal height of the first feature is lower than that of the second feature.

[0024] In the description of this embodiment, the orientation or positional relationships such as "above", "below", "left" and "right" are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of description and simplifying the operations, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0025] In addition, in the description of this application, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for distinguishing descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0026] As Figures 1 to 3 shown, it shows an elbow cold pushing device in an embodiment of the present invention, which is used to process a blank 1 symmetrically provided with inclined surfaces 11 at both ends into an elbow, and includes a frame 2, a downward pressing mechanism 3, a die core 4 and a pushing mechanism 5. The workbench 21 of the frame 2 is horizontally arranged, and a lower die 22 is fixedly installed on the workbench 21; the downward pressing mechanism 3 is arranged at the top of the frame 2 through a lifting guiding structure (such as a guide rail and a slider or a driving device such as a hydraulic cylinder), and its downward pressing end is fixedly connected to an upper die 31. The upper die 31 corresponds to the lower die 22 up and down, and a clamping space 32 is formed when they are closed. The die core 4 is fixedly arranged in the clamping space 32, and its outer periphery and the inner walls of the upper die 31 and the lower die 22 jointly enclose a forming space 41.

[0027] The pushing mechanism 5 is arranged on the frame 2, adjacent to the lower die 22 and with their axes parallel. The pushing end of the pushing mechanism 5 faces the lower die 22. The pushing end is swing-connected to one end of the swing arm 6 through a hinge shaft or a swing joint, so that the swing arm 6 can swing laterally in the horizontal plane around the hinge shaft. The swing arm 6 is rod-shaped, and a groove 61 is axially formed inside it. The support rod 7 is slidably arranged in the groove 61. One end of the support rod 7 extends out of the end face of the swing arm 6, and the other end cooperates with the limiting structure inside the swing arm 6 to prevent detachment. The operator's loading station is located between the lower die 22 and the pushing mechanism 5 and on one side of the axis of the pushing mechanism 5. The initial position of the swing arm 6 at this station forms a preset angle (non-coaxial state) with the axis of the pushing mechanism 5, so that the operator can sleeve the blank 1 on the protruding support rod 7. The inner hole of the blank 1 fits with the outer circle of the support rod 7, and the end face of the blank 1 abuts against the outer end face of the swing arm 6.

[0028] During operation, the initial position of the pushing mechanism 5 is on the side far from the lower die 22. The operator sleevs the blank 1 on the outside of the support rod 7, and the end face of the blank 1 fits with the outer end face of the swing arm 6. At this time, it is necessary to adjust the placement state of the blank 1 so that after the swing arm 6 rotates to coincide with the axis of the pushing mechanism 5, the inner arc edge of the blank 1 is aligned with the inner circle direction of the elbow and the outer arc edge is aligned with the outer circle direction (that is, the axis of the blank 1 is coaxial with the axis of the forming space 41 and the circumferential attitude is correct), so that the blank 1 can adapt to the bending radius of the elbow during the cold pushing process. After the pushing mechanism 5 is started, the pushing end drives the swing arm 6 and the blank 1 to move towards the direction close to the lower die 22. During the movement, the swing arm 6 is guided by the guiding structure or the driving structure, first swings laterally to adjust the angle so that the blank 1 is aligned with the clamping space 32, and then the swing arm 6 remains coaxial with the pushing mechanism 5 and pushes the blank 1 into the clamping space 32. At this time, the pressing mechanism 3 drives the upper die 31 to move downwards to clamp the blank 1 with the lower die 22, and the pushing mechanism 5 continues to push the blank 1 so that it is cold-pressed into an elbow in the forming space 41. After the forming is completed, the pressing mechanism 3 rises, the pushing mechanism 5 retracts, the swing arm 6 drives the support rod 7 to reset, and the blanking arm 9 swings synchronously to take out the die core 4 and the elbow finished product sleeved on the die core 4.

[0029] The elbow cold pushing equipment sets the feeding station on one side of the axis of the pushing mechanism 5, enabling the operator to feed materials in the safe area on the side of the equipment, far from the direct movement path of the lower die 22 and the pushing mechanism 5, thus avoiding the safety hazards of approaching the moving parts of the equipment during traditional manual feeding. The hinged connection structure of the swing arm 6 enables it to swing horizontally to be coaxial with the pushing mechanism 5 under the drive of the pushing mechanism 5. This swinging process realizes the automatic centering of the blank 1, eliminating the need for manual or robotic arm to perform precise position adjustment and solving the problem of positioning deviation in the prior art. The design of the support rod 7 extending out for the blank 1 to be sleeved uses the abutting relationship between the end face of the blank 1 and the end face of the swing arm 6 to form a stable pushing force-receiving surface, ensuring that the blank 1 moves smoothly along the axis of the die core 4 during the pushing process and avoiding slipping or deviation.

[0030] The movement trajectory of the pushing mechanism 5 is divided into a swinging centering stage and a linear pushing stage: In the swinging stage, the swing arm 6 is adjusted in angle through a guiding or driving structure to accurately align the blank 1 with the clamping space 32; in the linear pushing stage, through the end face abutting and the sliding fit of the support rod 7, the blank 1 is gradually sleeved on the die core 4 to achieve precise positioning within the forming space 41. Integrating the feeding, centering, and pushing processes into a single movement of the pushing mechanism 5 eliminates the problem of the equipment intermittently stopping and waiting for the material to be in place, significantly improving production continuity. The sliding fit between the swing arm 6 and the support rod 7 can also adapt to the minor position deviation of the blank 1 during the pushing process. Through the rigid abutting and dynamic adjustment of the mechanical structure, the circumferential position consistency of the blank 1 is ensured, providing a stable initial condition for subsequent cold pushing forming.

[0031] As Figures 4 to 6 shown, a groove 61 extending axially is provided on the end face of the swing arm 6 far from the pushing mechanism 5. The length of the groove 61 is greater than the sliding stroke of the support rod 7. The support rod 7 is slidably arranged in the groove 61 along the axis direction of the groove 61. One end of the support rod 7 extends out of the end face of the swing arm 6 for sleeving the blank 1, and the other end is provided with a limiting boss. A first elastic member 62 (such as a compression spring) is arranged between the limiting boss and the bottom of the groove 61. The two ends of the first elastic member 62 respectively abut against the limiting boss and the inner wall of the groove 61, causing the support rod 7 to extend out of the groove 61 under the action of elastic force in the natural state. When the pushing mechanism 5 drives the swing arm 6 to push the blank 1 into the forming space 41, the front end of the support rod 7 contacts the end face of the die core 4. As the pushing pressure increases, the support rod 7 retracts into the groove 61 against the elastic force of the first elastic member 62, and the limiting boss compresses the first elastic member 62 until the support rod 7 is completely retracted into the groove 61. At this time, the end face of the blank 1 remains in contact with the outer end face of the swing arm 6, and the swing arm 6 directly pushes the blank 1 to continue moving into the forming space 41.

[0032] By arranging a first elastic member 62 in the groove 61 to cooperate with the support rod 7, an elastic support sliding positioning structure is formed: in the natural state, the elastic force of the first elastic member 62 keeps the support rod 7 in the extended state, facilitating the operator to quickly sleave the blank 1 without precise alignment, improving the feeding convenience; when the support rod 7 contacts the die core 4, the compression characteristic of the elastic member allows the support rod 7 to retract with the reaction force of the die core 4, avoiding rigid collision between the support rod 7 and the die core 4, absorbing the impact force during the pushing process through elastic buffering, and protecting the structural integrity of the die core 4 and the support rod 7. At the same time, the continuous abutting force of the elastic member ensures that the end face of the blank 1 is always in contact with the swing arm 6. Even after the support rod 7 retracts, the pushing force can still be stably transmitted through the end face of the swing arm 6, preventing the blank 1 from slipping or detaching during the pushing process. This design combines a rigid sliding structure with an elastic reset function, not only realizing the initial positioning and guiding of the blank 1, but also adapting to the positional relationship between the die core 4 and the blank 1 through adaptive adjustment, improving the smoothness and reliability of the pushing process, reducing the wear of equipment components, and extending the service life.

[0033] As Figures 1 to 3 shown, a vertically extending guide rod 63 is fixedly connected below the swing arm 6, and a guide groove 211 is formed in the workbench 21 corresponding to the position of the guide rod 63. The guide groove 211 includes a forming section 212 extending in the horizontal direction and a swing section 213 communicating with one end of the forming section 212. The swing section 213 is arc-shaped and its extending direction forms an angle (such as 90°) with the axis of the pushing mechanism 5, and the extending direction of the forming section 212 is consistent with the axis of the pushing mechanism 5. An avoidance groove 221 is formed in the side of the lower die 22 close to the pushing mechanism 5, and the avoidance groove 221 extends in the horizontal direction and communicates with the clamping space 32.

[0034] In the initial state, the guide rod 63 is located at the end of the swing section 213. At this time, the swing arm 6 forms a preset angle with the axis of the pushing mechanism 5, forming a lateral working station for the operator to load materials. When the pushing mechanism 5 drives the swing arm 6 to move towards the lower die 22, the guide rod 63 first slides along the swing section 213, driving the swing arm 6 to swing laterally around the hinge point, so that the axis of the swing arm 6 gradually becomes coaxial with the axis of the pushing mechanism 5. During this process, the blank 1 moves with the swing arm 6 and aligns with the notch of the avoidance groove 221. When the guide rod 63 slides to the connection point of the swing section 213 and the forming section 212, the swing arm 6 is completely coaxial with the pushing mechanism 5. Subsequently, the guide rod 63 slides linearly along the forming section 212, driving the swing arm 6 to push the blank 1 into the clamping space 32 through the avoidance groove 221. The groove wall of the avoidance groove 221 guides the side of the blank 1 to ensure that the blank 1 does not interfere with the side of the lower die 22 when entering the clamping space 32.

[0035] The swing section 213 of the guide groove 211 cooperates with the forming section 212 to guide the guide rod 63, dividing the movement track of the swing arm 6 into an angle adjustment stage and a linear pushing stage: The swing section 213 guides the lateral swing of the swing arm 6 through an arc track, enabling the blank 1 to automatically align from the lateral station to the axis of the pushing mechanism 5, solving the problem of lateral positioning deviation in the traditional feeding method; The forming section 212 ensures the stable movement of the swing arm 6 along the axis through a linear track, avoiding deviation during the pushing process. The avoidance groove 221 of the lower die 22 provides a transition channel for the blank 1 to enter the clamping space 32. The design of its width and position eliminates the mechanical interference between the blank 1 and the lower die 22 when the swing arm 6 swings. At the same time, the guiding effect of the groove wall assists the blank 1 to accurately align with the clamping space 32.

[0036] This mechanical linkage structure does not rely on sensors or complex control systems. Only through the geometric constraints of the guide rod 63 and the guide groove 211, and the physical guidance of the avoidance groove 221, the full-automatic positioning and conveying of the blank 1 from the lateral station to the forming space 41 are realized. Compared with the prior art, it not only avoids the safety hazards and positioning risks of manual or robotic arm feeding, but also improves the reliability and efficiency of the feeding process through the rigid cooperation of the pure mechanical structure, reduces the equipment downtime for adjustment, provides a stable position basis for the blank 1 for subsequent cold pushing forming, and thus improves the overall processing accuracy and production continuity.

[0037] As Figures 4 to 8 shown, a first chute 222 in the horizontal direction is opened at the top of the lower die 22, with its notch facing upward and communicating with the clamping space 32; A second chute 311 with an opening facing downward is correspondingly opened at the bottom of the upper die 31, which is vertically aligned with the first chute 222. A first correction rod 81 is slidably arranged in the first chute 222, and a vertically extending insertion rod 811 is fixedly connected to its top, and the upper end of the insertion rod 811 is processed into a round head; A second correction rod 82 is slidably arranged in the second chute 311, and an insertion slot 821 adapted to the insertion rod 811 is opened therein, and a chamfer is provided at the notch of the slot. The first correction rod 81 and the second correction rod 82 respectively elastically extend into the clamping space 32 through second elastic members 812 and third elastic members 822 (such as compression springs). Under normal conditions, the inclined surface abutting portions of the two correction rods are located in the clamping space 32.

[0038] The upper pressing mechanism drives the upper mold 31 to move downward, and the plug rod 811 is smoothly inserted into the groove along the chamfer of the plug groove 821. After the blank 1 is clamped by the clamping space 32, under the pushing action of the pushing mechanism 5, the blank 1 gradually approaches the correction rod 8, and its inclined surface 11 at the front end contacts the outer peripheral wall of the first correction rod 81 and the second correction rod 82. Under the action of the preload force of the elastic member, the blank 1 is forced to rotate circumferentially until the inner arc edge of the blank 1 is aligned with the inner circle direction of the elbow and the outer arc edge is aligned with the outer circle direction (that is, the axis of the blank 1 is coaxial with the axis of the forming space 41 and the circumferential posture is correct). The rigid linkage between the blank 1 and the correction member 8 is realized to ensure that the correction force is uniformly applied to the inclined surface 11 at the front end of the blank 1. As the pushing mechanism 5 pushes the blank 1 to move toward the forming space 41, the inclined surface of the inclined surface 11 pushes the correction rod to overcome the elastic force and retract into the slide groove; the cooperation between the round head and the chamfer allows a slight position deviation when the mold is closed, ensuring that the correction action is completed reliably.

[0039] During the process of the blank 1 being sleeved on the support rod 7 and the swing arm 6 for centering, manual placement deviation and mechanical movement gap may cause the circumferential posture of the blank 1 to deviate from the target position, that is, the inner arc edge and the outer arc edge are not aligned with the inner and outer circle directions required for elbow forming, resulting in a circumferential placement error.

[0040] If the circumferential position of the blank 1 is not corrected, the material flow direction will not match the bending radius of the elbow during cold push forming, resulting in uneven wall thickness distribution of the elbow (such as too thin on the inner arc side and too thick on the outer arc side), bending angle deviation or local wrinkle defects. Such problems not only affect the pressure bearing capacity and sealing performance of the elbow. In addition, circumferential deviation will also aggravate local wear of the mold and shorten the service life of the equipment.

[0041] The correction process in this application uses the mechanism of "insertion of correction rod 8 - abutment of inclined surface 11 - adaptive correction of blank 1" to accurately control the circumferential posture of blank 1: by using the cooperation between correction piece 8 and inclined surface 11 of blank 1, the elastic preload force is converted into circumferential rotation torque, so that the inner arc edge and outer arc edge of blank 1 are automatically aligned with the inner and outer circle directions of elbow forming, avoiding the bending radius deviation or uneven wall thickness caused by circumferential offset from the source. The guide design of round head and chamfer reduces the precision requirements of mold installation, adapts to the wear of components in long-term use, and ensures the stability of the correction function. The elastic retraction function automatically gives way after the positioning of blank 1 is completed, so that blank 1 can deform smoothly along the outer periphery of mold core 4 during cold pushing, and closely fit the bending contour of forming space 41, significantly improving the geometric precision and forming quality of elbow. The circumferential positioning accuracy of blank 1 is directly linked to the design requirements of elbow bending radius, so as to realize posture calibration before forming.

[0042] like Figures 1 to 3As shown, the blanking arm 9 on one side of the frame 2 is connected to the die core 4 and can swing under the action of the driving device. After the elbow is formed, the upper die 31 rises, and the blanking arm 9 swings to drive the die core 4 and the finished elbow to move out of the clamping space 32 synchronously, so that the elbow is exposed on the side of the equipment for unloading.

[0043] The working process is as follows: In the initial state, the lower die 22 is fixedly installed on the workbench 21, and the upper die 31 is in the raised state under the action of the pressing mechanism, so that the clamping space 32 is in the open state. The die core 4 is located at the central position of the clamping space 32, and the outer periphery of the die core 4 and the inner walls of the upper die 31 and the lower die 22 together form a forming space 41 for cold pushing forming; the pushing end of the pushing mechanism 5 is located at the initial position far from the lower die 22. The swing arm 6 is arranged on one side of the axis of the pushing mechanism 5 at a preset angle through the hinge shaft to form a feeding station. The support rod 7 extends outward under the action of the first elastic member 62 and waits for the blank 1 to be sleeved. At the same time, the first correcting rod 81 in the first chute 222 of the lower die 22 and the second correcting rod 82 in the second chute 311 of the upper die 31 extend toward the clamping space 32 under the action of the second elastic member 812 and the third elastic member 822, and the blanking arm 9 is in the low standby state on one side of the frame 2.

[0044] The operator sleeves the blank 1 with inclined surfaces 11 at both ends on the outwardly extending support rod 7 in the safe area (i.e., the feeding station) on the side of the equipment. The inner hole of the blank 1 is matched with the outer circle of the support rod 7, and the end surface of the blank 1 is in close contact with the outer end surface of the swing arm 6. After the pushing mechanism 5 is started, it drives the swing arm 6 to move toward the direction close to the lower die 22. The guide rod 63 fixedly connected below the swing arm 6 slides along the swing section 213 (arc-shaped or folded line-shaped) of the guide groove 211 opened on the workbench 21, driving the swing arm 6 to swing laterally until the axis of the swing arm 6 is coaxial with the axis of the pushing mechanism 5. At this time, the blank 1 is aligned with the avoidance groove 221 on the side of the lower die 22 and enters the clamping space 32 from the avoidance groove 221. Subsequently, the guide rod 63 slides linearly along the forming section 212 (extending along the axis of the pushing mechanism 5) of the guide groove 211, pushing the swing arm 6 to continue to push the blank 1 into the clamping space 32.

[0045] When the pressing mechanism 3 drives the upper mold 31 to move downward and closes with the lower mold 22 to clamp the blank 1, the plug-in rod 811 fixedly connected to the top of the first correcting rod 81 is inserted into the plug-in groove 821 opened at the abutting part of the second correcting rod 82, so that the first correcting rod 81 and the second correcting rod 82 are linked through the plug-in structure. Under the preload force of the second elastic member 812 and the third elastic member 822, the inclined surfaces 11 at both ends of the blank 1 contact the end surfaces of the correcting rods. The inclined surface 11 is used to force the blank 1 to rotate and adjust the circumferential position until the inner arc edge of the blank 1 is accurately aligned with the inner circle direction of the elbow, and the outer arc edge is aligned with the outer circle direction of the elbow, thereby completing the correction of the circumferential posture.

[0046] During the cold push forming stage, the pushing mechanism 5 continuously applies thrust, and the swing arm 6 pushes the blank 1 to move toward the forming space 41. When the front end of the support rod 7 abuts against the end face of the mold core 4, the support rod 7 overcomes the resistance of the first elastic member 62 under the action of the reaction force, and gradually retracts into the groove 61 of the swing arm 6, while the end face of the blank 1 always remains in abutment with the outer end face of the swing arm 6 to ensure stable thrust transmission. At the same time, as the blank 1 is pushed forward, the correction rod is pushed by the blank 1, overcomes the elastic force of the second elastic member 812 and the third elastic member 822, and retracts into the first slide groove 222 and the second slide groove 311, making room for the cold push forming of the blank 1. The blank 1 is cold deformed under the constraints of the outer periphery of the mold core 4 and the inner wall of the mold, and is finally formed into an elbow, which ensures the geometric accuracy and wall thickness uniformity of the elbow.

[0047] Finally, the pressing mechanism 3 drives the upper mold 31 to rise and separate from the lower mold 22, the clamping space 32 is opened again, and the pushing mechanism 5 retreats, driving the swing arm 6 to return to the initial position. The support rod 7 is extended outward again under the action of the first elastic member 62, and is restored to the state to be sleeved with the blank 1; at the same time, the unloading arm 9 is swung vertically under the action of a driving device (such as a cylinder or a motor), driving the mold core 4 connected to the unloading arm 9 and the forming elbow sleeved on the mold core 4 to synchronously move out of the clamping space 32 and expose them to the side of the equipment for unloading operations. The first correction rod 81 and the second correction rod 82 are also extended back to the clamping space 32 under the action of the second elastic member 812 and the third elastic member 822, and are restored to the state to be corrected. At this point, the equipment completes a complete production cycle and is ready to process the next blank 1.

[0048] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cold pushing device for elbows, which is used to process a blank (1) into an elbow. The two ends of the blank (1) are symmetrically provided with inclined surfaces (11), and it is characterized in that, Including: A frame (2), the frame (2) having a workbench (21), and a lower die (22) being provided on the workbench (21); A downward pressing mechanism (3), the downward pressing mechanism (3) being vertically arranged on the frame (2), an upper die (31) corresponding to the lower die (22) up and down being provided at the downward pressing end of the downward pressing mechanism (3), and the upper die (31) being capable of moving downward under the drive of the downward pressing mechanism (3) to form a clamping space (32) for clamping an elbow between the upper die (31) and the lower die (22); A die core (4), the die core (4) being arranged in the clamping space (32), and a forming space (41) for forming an elbow being formed between the die core (4), the upper die (31) and the lower die (22) and located on the outer periphery of the die core (4); A pushing mechanism (5), the pushing mechanism (5) being arranged on the frame (2) and adjacent to the lower die (22), and the pushing end of the pushing mechanism (5) being arranged towards the lower die (22); for pushing the blank (1) into the forming space (41) to form an elbow; Wherein, a swing arm (6) is swingably connected to the pushing end of the pushing mechanism (5), a support rod (7) is slidably arranged in the swing arm (6), the support rod (7) can extend out of the swing arm (6) for the blank (1) to be sleeved, the outer end face of the swing arm (6) is used for abutting against the end face of the blank (1) to push the blank (1), the swing arm (6) can drive the support rod (7) and the blank (1) to swing horizontally synchronously so that the blank (1) enters the clamping space (32), and the swing arm (6) can also push the blank (1) into the forming space (41) under the pushing action of the pushing mechanism (5).

2. The elbow cold pushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A groove (61) is formed on the end face of the swing arm (6) far from the pushing mechanism (5), the support rod (7) is slidably arranged in the groove (61), and the support rod (7) can move synchronously with the pushing mechanism (5) to abut against the end face of the die core (4) and gradually retract into the groove (61).

3. An elbow cold pushing device according to claim 2, characterized in that, A first elastic member (62) is arranged in the groove (61), and the first elastic member (62) is used for elastically pushing the support rod (7) so that the support rod (7) extends out of the groove (61).

4. The elbow cold pushing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, Below the swing arm (6), there is a guide rod (63) extending downward. A guide groove (211) for the guide rod (63) to extend into and slidably cooperate with the guide rod (63) is formed on the workbench (21). The guide groove (211) includes a forming section (212) and a swing section (213) located on the side of the forming section (212) close to the lower die (22). Under the pushing action of the pushing mechanism (5), the guide rod (63) can drive the swing arm (6) to swing laterally to be coaxial with the pushing mechanism (5) under the guidance of the swing section (213), and can move axially synchronously with the pushing mechanism (5) under the guiding action of the forming section (212) to push the blank (1) into the forming space (41).

5. The elbow cold pushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, An avoidance groove (221) is provided on the side of the lower die (22) close to the pushing mechanism (5). The avoidance groove (221) is connected to the clamping space (32). The avoidance groove (221) can avoid the blank (1) when the swing arm (6) swings, so that the blank (1) enters the clamping space (32).

6. The elbow cold pushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower die (22) has a first chute (222) with an upward opening. The upper die (31) has a second chute (311) with a downward opening and corresponding to the first chute (222) up and down. Both the first chute (222) and the second chute (311) communicate with the clamping space (32). A vertically extending correction member (8) is slidably connected in the first chute (222). The correction member (8) can horizontally slide towards the central axis side of the clamping space (32) to abut against the inclined surface (11). Under the pushing action of the pushing mechanism (5), the correction member (8) can abut against the inclined surface (11) of the blank (1) to correct the circumferential position of the blank (1) and gradually retract into the first chute (222) under the pushing of the blank (1).

7. An elbow cold pushing device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The correction member (8) includes: A first correction rod (81) horizontally slidably arranged in the first chute (222). The top of the first correction rod (81) has a plugging rod (811) extending vertically upward; A second correction rod (82) horizontally slidably arranged in the second chute (311). The abutting portion of the second correction rod (82) has a plugging groove (821) with a downward opening. The upper die (31) moves downward under the action of the pressing mechanism (3) to insert the plugging rod (811) into the plugging groove (821).

8. An elbow cold pushing device according to claim 7, characterized in that, A second elastic member (812) is provided between the inner wall of the first correction rod (81) and the first sliding groove (222). The second elastic member (812) is configured to elastically push the first correction rod (81) so that the first correction rod (81) horizontally moves to the clamping space (32). A third elastic member (822) is provided between the second correction rod (82) and the second sliding groove (311). The third elastic member (822) is configured to elastically push the second correction rod (82) so that the second correction rod (82) horizontally moves to the clamping space (32).

9. The elbow cold pushing device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The upper end of the insertion rod (811) has a round head, and the lower slot opening of the insertion slot (821) has a chamfer.

10. The elbow cold pushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The device further includes a blanking arm (9) swingably arranged on one side of the frame (2). The blanking arm (9) is connected to the die core (4) and can swing vertically to drive the die core (4) and the elbow sleeved on the die core (4) to synchronously move out of the clamping space (32).

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