An axle housing production and processing device

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of axle housing preparation, and discloses an axle housing production and processing equipment, wherein the axle housing comprises an axle housing body, a reinforcing ring and a back cover oppositely arranged on opposite sides of the axle housing body, shaft heads arranged at two ends of the axle housing body, and large accessories and small accessories arranged on the outer surface of the axle housing body; the axle housing body comprises two spliced shell bodies spliced in an up-down mode and four triangular plates arranged on the two sides of the spliced shell bodies, respectively; and the processing equipment comprises an axle housing body welding device, a reinforcing ring and back cover welding device, a large accessory welding device, a shaft head welding device and a small accessory welding device; the axle housing body, the reinforcing ring and the back cover, the large accessory, the shaft head and the small accessory can be spot welded and fully welded by the application; the whole equipment has high automation degree, the working strength of the operator is reduced, and the welding precision of each component of the axle housing is ensured by adopting the cooperation mode of spot welding and full welding.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of axle housing preparation, and particularly relates to an axle housing production and processing device. BACKGROUND

[0002] The axle housing of an automobile is a basic part for installing a main reducer, a differential, a half shaft, a wheel hub and a suspension, and mainly functions to support and protect the main reducer, the differential and the half shaft. Meanwhile, the axle housing is one of main components of a driving system. The axle housing and a driven axle bear the weight of the automobile, and fix the axial relative positions of left and right driving wheels. In addition, the axle housing bears various reaction forces, acting forces and moments transmitted from the driving wheels during automobile driving, and transmits the forces to a vehicle frame through the suspension. However, the production of the axle housing includes multiple different processes, and manual processing completely relies on manual operation, which is time-consuming and laborious, and the precision and efficiency are not ideal, and needs to be further improved. SUMMARY

[0003] The application aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, and provides an axle housing production and processing device.

[0004] The application adopts the following technical scheme:

[0005] An axle housing production and processing device, the axle housing comprising an axle housing body, a reinforcing ring and a back cover oppositely arranged on opposite sides of the axle housing body, shaft heads arranged at two ends of the axle housing body, and large accessories and small accessories arranged on an outer surface of the axle housing body, the axle housing body comprising two spliced housings spliced upward and downward, and four triangular plates arranged on opposite sides of the spliced housings, respectively, and the processing device comprising an axle housing body welding device, a reinforcing ring and back cover welding device, a large accessory welding device, a shaft head welding device and a small accessory welding device;

[0006] The axle housing body welding device welds the two spliced housings and the four triangular plates to form the axle housing body, and comprises a splicing spot welding tool for spot welding the two spliced housings and the four triangular plates, an axle housing body full welding tool for full welding of the spot-welded axle housing body, and a transfer mechanism for transferring the axle housing body from the splicing spot welding tool to the full welding tool;

[0007] The reinforcing ring and back cover welding device sequentially performs spot welding and full welding of the reinforcing ring and the back cover on the full-welded axle housing body;

[0008] The large accessory welding device sequentially performs spot welding and full welding of the large accessories on the axle housing body on which the reinforcing ring and the back cover are welded, and comprises a large accessory spot welding device for spot welding the large accessories on the axle housing body;

[0009] The shaft head welding device performs shaft head press fitting at two ends of the axle housing body on which the large accessory full welding is completed, and performs full welding on the press-fitted shaft head;

[0010] The small accessory welding device sequentially performs spot welding and full welding of small accessories on the axle head welded bridge shell body.

[0011] Further, the large accessory spot welding device comprises a welding table, a fixing mechanism arranged on the welding table for fixing the bridge shell body, a support frame arranged on the welding table, a positioning mechanism movably arranged on the support seat above the fixing mechanism for fixing the large accessory, a moving seat arranged on the support frame, a lifting column movably arranged in the moving seat for installing the positioning mechanism, a transverse moving mechanism arranged on the support frame and connected and driving the moving seat to move transversely, and a lifting moving mechanism arranged on the moving seat and connected and driving the lifting column to move up and down.

[0012] Further, the positioning mechanism comprises a mounting seat connected with the lifting moving mechanism, a positioning disc rotatably arranged on the mounting seat, a plurality of positioning tools circumferentially distributed on the positioning disc, and a rotating assembly arranged on the mounting seat and connected and driving the positioning disc to rotate, a plurality of the positioning tools correspond to a plurality of large accessories one-to-one, the positioning tool positions the relative large accessory at the welding position and spot welds with the bridge shell body.

[0013] Further, the spliced shell comprises a main body segment and two installation arms arranged at both ends of the main body segment and extending outward, the splicing spot welding tool comprises a first base, a turnover frame rotatably arranged on the first base, a first clamping mechanism arranged on the turnover frame for clamping two main body segments of the spliced shell, two second clamping mechanisms arranged on the turnover frame and respectively used for clamping two installation arms of the spliced shell, and a turnover mechanism arranged on the first base and connected and driving the turnover frame to turn over, when the bridge shell body is spot welded, two spliced shells are spliced on the turnover frame through the first clamping mechanism and the two second clamping mechanisms, and a triangular plate is placed on one side of the two main body segments for spot welding, when the two triangular plates and the two spliced shells on one side of the bridge shell body are completed, the turnover mechanism drives the turnover frame to turn over, and the spot welding of the two triangular plates and the two spliced shells on the other side of the bridge shell body is performed.

[0014] Further, the first clamping mechanism comprises two first clamping frames oppositely arranged on the turnover frame, a first clamping assembly arranged on each first clamping frame for clamping the relative main body segment of the spliced shell, and two first pressing assemblies arranged on each first clamping frame for pressing the middle part of the relative main body segment, the first clamping assembly comprises two first moving blocks movably arranged on the first clamping frame, two first clamping wheels arranged at the front end of the two first moving blocks for clamping the relative main body segment, and two first moving pieces arranged on the first clamping frame and connected and driving the relative first moving blocks to move, and the first pressing assembly is arranged between the two first clamping wheels.

[0015] Further, the first pressing assembly comprises a first pressing head movably arranged on the first clamping frame, a pressing block arranged at the front end of the first pressing head, and a first driving assembly arranged on the first clamping frame and connected to drive the first pressing head to move, and the first pressing block is in triangular distribution with the two first clamping wheels to clamp and fix the main body section of the spliced shell.

[0016] Further, the back cover is provided with a positioning hole, and the back cover and the reinforcing ring welding device comprises first welding devices for respectively spot welding the back cover and the reinforcing ring on both sides of the axle housing body and second welding devices for full welding of the spot-welded back cover and reinforcing ring, the first welding device comprises a spot welding frame, a welding seat movably arranged on the spot welding frame, a positioning ring arranged on the welding seat, a positioning column arranged on the positioning ring and extending upward into the positioning hole, a positioning frame arranged on one side of the welding seat, a positioning plate arranged on the upper end of the positioning frame and capable of being flipped downward to position the back cover, a lifting mechanism arranged on the spot welding frame and connected to drive the welding seat to move up and down, and two support brackets oppositely arranged on both sides of the welding seat on the spot welding frame.

[0017] Further, the back cover comprises a main body portion arranged in a semicircle, an extension portion arranged at the lower end of the main body portion and extending downward, and a connecting portion extending radially outward from the lower end of the extension portion and connected to the axle housing body, and the positioning plate and the opposite surface of the back cover are formed with an arc-shaped positioning groove extending inward, and when the back cover is spot welded, the positioning plate can be flipped downward with the lower end supported on the connecting portion, and at this time, the inner wall of the arc-shaped positioning groove is matched with the outer peripheral surface of the extension portion.

[0018] Further, the second welding device comprises a base, a first gripping mechanism arranged on the base and used for clamping and driving the axle housing to rotate, a second gripping mechanism arranged on the base and opposite to the first gripping mechanism, a first welding equipment arranged on one side of the base and used for full welding of the reinforcing ring, and a second welding equipment arranged on one side of the base and used for full welding of the back cover, and the axle housing is rotatably arranged between the first gripping mechanism and the second gripping mechanism to enable the first welding equipment and the second welding equipment to simultaneously perform full welding on the reinforcing ring and the back cover, respectively.

[0019] Further, the shaft head welding device comprises a press-fitting device for press-fitting the shaft head, and the press-fitting device comprises a press-fitting table, a fixed press-fitting seat arranged on the press-fitting table, a movable press-fitting seat movably arranged on the press-fitting table and capable of moving back and forth relative to the fixed press-fitting seat, a support table arranged on the press-fitting table and located between the fixed press-fitting seat and the movable press-fitting seat, a first positioning sleeve arranged on one side of the support table and capable of abutting against the movable press-fitting seat, a second positioning sleeve arranged on the other side of the support table and capable of abutting against the fixed press-fitting seat, a first jack rod arranged on the movable press-fitting seat and capable of abutting against the first positioning sleeve, a reset member arranged on the fixed press-fitting seat and capable of abutting against the second positioning sleeve to drive the support table to move reversely and reset, and a driving mechanism arranged on the press-fitting table and connected to drive the movable press-fitting seat to move.

[0020] From the above description of the present application, compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present application are: by limiting the structure of the production and processing equipment, the bridge shell body welding device, the reinforcing ring and back cover welding device, the large accessory welding device, the shaft head welding device and the small accessory welding device are set to realize the spot welding and full welding of the bridge shell body, the spot welding and full welding of the reinforcing ring and back cover, the spot welding and full welding of the large accessory, the press fitting and full welding of the shaft head, and the spot welding and full welding of the small accessory. The whole equipment has high automation degree, reduces the working intensity of the operator, and adopts the cooperation mode of spot welding and full welding to ensure the welding precision of each part of the bridge shell. At the same time, the equipment can be applied to the preparation of bridge shells of different sizes, greatly widening the application range of the equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 is a structural schematic view of the present application;

[0022] Figure 2 is a structural schematic view of the bridge shell body welding device Figure One ;

[0023] Figure 3 is a structural schematic view of the bridge shell body welding device Figure Two ;

[0024] Figure 4 is a structural schematic view of the splicing spot welding tool;

[0025] Figure 5 is a structural schematic view of the first clamping mechanism;

[0026] Figure 6 is a structural schematic view of the second clamping mechanism;

[0027] Figure 7 is a structural schematic view of the bridge shell body full welding tool;

[0028] Figure 8 is a structural schematic view of the transfer mechanism;

[0029] Figure 9 is a structural schematic view of the reinforcing ring and back cover welding device;

[0030] Figure 10 is a structural schematic view of the first welding device;

[0031] Figure 11 is a structural schematic view of the second welding device Figure One ;

[0032] Figure 12 is a structural schematic view of the second welding device Figure Two ;

[0033] Figure 13 Structure diagram of large accessory spot welding device Figure One ;

[0034] Figure 14 Structure diagram of large accessory spot welding device Figure Two ;

[0035] Figure 15 Structure diagram of positioning mechanism Figure One ;

[0036] Figure 16 Structure diagram of positioning mechanism Figure Two ;

[0037] Figure 17 Structure diagram of press fitting device Figure One ;

[0038] Figure 18 Structure diagram of press fitting device Figure Two ;

[0039] Figure 19 Structure diagram of axle housing Figure One ;

[0040] Figure 20 Structure diagram of axle housing Figure Two ;

[0041] In the figure, 1-bridge shell body welding device, 2-reinforcing ring and back cover welding device, 3-large accessory welding device, 4-spindle head welding device, 5-airtightness detection device, 6-small accessory welding device, 7-bridge shell, 8-ground rail, 9-multi-axis ground rail robot, 11-splicing spot welding tool, 111-first base, 112-overturning frame, 113-first clamping mechanism, 1131-first clamping frame, 1132-first clamping assembly, 11321-first moving block, 11322-first clamping wheel, 11323-first moving piece, 11324-first guide piece, 1133-first pressing assembly, 11331-first pressing head, 11332-pressing block, 11333-first driving assembly, 1134-protection cover, 1135-connection plate, 114-second clamping mechanism, 1141-second clamping frame, 1142-second clamping assembly, 11421-second moving block, 11422-clamping block, 11423-second moving piece, 1143-supporting block, 1144-second driving piece, 115-overturning mechanism, 1151-overturning seat, 1152-overturning assembly, 12-bridge shell body full welding tool, 121-second base, 122-rotating seat, 123-welding frame, 124-rotating piece, 125-third clamping mechanism, 126-fourth clamping mechanism, 13-transfer mechanism, 131-rack, 132-transfer frame, 133-grasping assembly, 1331-grasping arm, 1332-grasping claw, 1333-transverse moving piece, 134-transverse driving assembly, 135-lifting driving assembly, 14-bridge shell body full welding equipment, 15-transition frame, 21-first welding device, 211-spot welding frame, 2111-strip-shaped hole, 212-welding seat, 213-positioning ring, 214-positioning column, 215-positioning frame, 216-positioning plate, 2161-arc-shaped positioning groove, 2162-hinge, 217-lifting mechanism, 2171-lifting piece, 2172-lifting shaft, 2173-guide sleeve, 2174-guide rod, 2175-guide plate, 2176-first protection cover, 2177-second protection cover, 218-supporting bracket, 2181-supporting groove, 2182-locking hole, 22-second welding device, 221-base, 2211-rotating area, 222-first grasping mechanism, 2221-first grasping seat, 2222-grasping assembly, 2223-rotation assembly, 2224-grasping shaft, 2225-first pneumatic chuck, 2226-clamping jaw, 2227-first rotary motor, 2228-first bevel gear, 2229-second bevel gear, 223-second grasping mechanism, 2231-second grasping seat, 2232-positioning thimble, 2233-moving assembly, 2234-moving slide rail, 2235-moving slide block, 2236-moving cylinder, 2237-connection block, 2238-groove, 224-first welding equipment, 225-second welding equipment, 31-large accessory spot welding device, 32-large accessory full welding device,33-welding table, 34-fixing mechanism, 341-first fixing seat, 342-second fixing seat, 343-fixing shaft, 344-second pneumatic chuck, 345-fixing claw, 346-fixing top pin, 347-second rotary motor, 348-driving assembly, 349-supporting seat, 340-lifting assembly, 35-supporting frame, 36-positioning mechanism, 361-mounting seat, 362-positioning disc, 3621-mounting part, 363-first positioning tool, 3631-mounting plate, 3632-elastic positioning pin, 3633-limiting plate, 3634-U-shaped limiting groove, 364-rotating assembly, 3641-rotating motor, 3642-connection flange, 365-mounting assembly, 3651-mounting rod, 36511-first mounting section, 36512-second mounting section, 3652-first connecting piece, 36521-first limiting hole, 36522-first locking hole, 36523-limiting pin, 36524-first connecting bolt, 3653-second connecting piece, 35631-second connecting hole, 36532-second connecting bolt, 37-moving seat, 38-lifting column, 39-transverse moving mechanism, 30-lifting moving mechanism, 41-press fitting device, 411-press fitting table, 412-fixed press fitting seat, 4121-fixed press fitting seat body, 4122-fixed press fitting block, 4123-first press fitting groove, 413-moving press fitting seat, 4131-moving press fitting seat body, 4132-moving press fitting block, 4133-second press fitting groove, 414-supporting table, 4141-supporting table body, 4142-supporting plate, 4143-lifting air cylinder, 415-first positioning sleeve, 416-second positioning sleeve, 417-first jacking rod, 4171-first jacking rod body, 4172-compression spring, 418-resetting piece, 419-driving mechanism, 4191-driving seat, 4192-driving oil cylinder, 4193-connection head, 42-spindle nose full welding device, 71-axle housing body, 711-mounting hole, 712-splicing housing, 713-triangle plate, 714-main body section, 715-mounting arm, 72-strengthening ring, 73-back cover, 731-main body part, 732-extension part, 733-connection part, 734-positioning hole, 74-large accessory, 75-small accessory, 76-spindle nose, 77-steel plate spring seat, 771-positioning pin hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The application is further described through the specific embodiments below.

[0043] REFERENCE Figures 1 to 18As shown, a kind of axle housing production and processing equipment, including axle housing body welding device 1, reinforcing ring and back cover welding device 2, big accessory welding device 3, axle head welding device 4, air tightness detection device 5 and small accessory welding device 6, wherein, ground rail 8 can be set along the axle housing production conveying direction, and multiple multi-axis ground rail robots 9 are arranged on ground rail 8, so that axle housing 7 is sequentially completed welding of triangular plate 713, reinforcing ring 72, back cover 73, axle head 76, big accessory 74 and small accessory 75 by multi-axis ground rail robot 9, specifically, axle housing body welding device 1, reinforcing ring and back cover welding device 2, big accessory welding device 3, axle head welding device 4, air tightness detection device 5 and small accessory welding device 6 are arranged at intervals along the extension direction of ground rail 8.

[0044] Referring to Figures 19 to 20 As shown, axle housing 7 includes axle housing body 71, reinforcing ring 72 and back cover 73 oppositely arranged on the opposite sides of axle housing body 71, axle head 76 arranged at the both ends of axle housing body 71 and big accessory 74 and small accessory 75 arranged on the outer surface of axle housing body 71, wherein, axle housing body 71 is formed with mounting hole 711 extending through from one side to the other side, including two spliced housings 712 spliced up and down and four triangular plates 713 arranged on the both sides of spliced housing respectively, specifically, spliced housing 712 includes main body section 714 and two mounting arms 715 outwardly extending at the both ends of main body section 714, further, back cover 73 is provided with positioning hole 734, including semicircular main body part 731, extension part 732 downwardly extending at the lower end of main body part 731 and connecting part 733 downwardly and outwardly extending from the lower end of extension part 732 and connected with axle housing body 71, and positioning hole 734 is arranged on main body part 731.

[0045] Axle housing body welding device 1, two spliced housings 712 and four triangular plates 713 are welded to form axle housing body 71, including splicing spot welding tooling 11 for spot welding two spliced housings 712 and four triangular plates 713, axle housing body full welding tooling 12 for full welding of the formed axle housing body 71, transfer mechanism 13 for transferring axle housing body 71 from splicing spot welding tooling 11 to axle housing body full welding tooling 12, axle housing body full welding equipment 14 for full welding of axle housing body 71 and transition frame 15 arranged on one side of axle housing body full welding tooling 12, specifically, the structure of axle housing body welding device 1 is limited, two spliced housings 712 and four triangular plates 713 are first spot welded, and then full welding is carried out, so as to improve the welding precision of axle housing body 71, specifically, axle housing body full welding equipment 14 is the full welding equipment commonly used in the field of axle housing 7 preparation, which will not be further described here.

[0046] The splicing spot welding tool 11 comprises a first base 111, a turnover frame 112 rotatably arranged on the first base 111, a first clamping mechanism 113 arranged on the turnover frame 112 for clamping two splicing shell body segments 714, two second clamping mechanisms 114 arranged on the turnover frame 112 in a spaced manner for clamping two splicing shell two mounting arms 715 respectively, and a turnover mechanism 115 arranged on the first base 111 and connected to and driving the turnover frame 112 to turn over. When the bridge shell body 71 is spot welded, the two splicing shells 712 are spliced on the turnover frame 112 in an up-down manner through the first clamping mechanism 113 and the two second clamping mechanisms 114, and then the triangular plates 713 are placed on one side of the upper and lower body segments 714 for spot welding. After the two triangular plates 713 and the two splicing shells 712 on one side of the bridge shell body 71 are spot welded, the turnover mechanism 115 drives the turnover frame 112 to turn over, and then the other side of the bridge shell body 71 is spot welded with the two triangular plates 713 and the two splicing shells 712, thereby completing the spot welding work of the bridge shell body 71. The two second clamping mechanisms 114 are arranged on the turnover frame 112 in a left-right movable manner to adapt to the welding of bridge shell bodies 71 of different sizes.

[0047] The first clamping mechanism 113 comprises two first clamping frames 1131 arranged in an up-down opposite manner on the turnover frame 112, two first clamping assemblies 1132 arranged on the two first clamping frames 1131 respectively for clamping the opposite splicing shell body segments 714, two first pressing assemblies 1133 arranged on the two first clamping frames 1131 respectively for pressing the middle part of the opposite body segments 714, two protection covers 1134 arranged on the two first clamping frames 1131 respectively for protecting the same side first clamping assembly 1132 and the first pressing assembly 1133, and a connecting plate 1135 connected between the two first clamping frames 1131. The arrangement of the connecting plate 1135 can support the two splicing shells 712 being spliced. When the two splicing shells 712 are spliced, the body segments 714 of the two splicing shells 712 arranged in an up-down opposite manner are preliminarily spliced and positioned through the cooperation of the two first clamping assemblies 1132, and then the first pressing assembly 1133 presses the middle part of the body segment 714, so that the splicing shell 71 is uniformly stressed, the splicing part of the triangular plate 713 is close to airtight joint, the subsequent installation, spot welding and full welding of the triangular plate 713 are ensured, and the yield of the bridge shell body 71 is improved. Specifically, the two first clamping frames 1131 form a spot welding area, which is convenient for spot welding between the triangular plate 713 and the two body segments 714 arranged in an up-down opposite manner.

[0048] The first clamping assembly 1132 comprises two first movable blocks 11321 movably arranged on the first clamping frame 1131, two first clamping wheels 11322 arranged at the front ends of the two first movable blocks 11321 and capable of clamping the main body section 714, two first moving members 11323 arranged on the first clamping frame 1131 and connected to and capable of driving the two first movable blocks 11321 to move, and two first guide members 11324 arranged on the first clamping frame 1131 and used for guiding the movement of the two first movable blocks 11321, wherein the two first pressing assemblies 1133 are arranged between the two first clamping wheels 11322, and the first clamping wheels 11322 are rotatably arranged at the front ends of the first movable blocks 11321; specifically, the first moving members 11323 can be in the form of a gas cylinder, an oil cylinder or a motor cooperating with a screw nut pair to realize the movement of the first movable blocks 11321, and the above-mentioned form is a common driving and moving form in the mechanical field, and no further description is made herein to the specific selection and structure thereof.

[0049] The first pressing assembly 1133 comprises a first pressing head 11331 movably arranged on the first clamping frame 1131, a pressing block 11332 arranged at the front end of the first pressing head 11331, and a first driving assembly 11333 arranged on the first clamping frame 11331 and connected to and capable of driving the first pressing head 11331 to move, wherein the pressing block 11332 is in a triangular distribution with the two first clamping wheels 11322 on the same side to clamp and fix the main body section 714 of the spliced shell 712; specifically, the first driving assembly 11333 can be in the form of a gas cylinder, an oil cylinder or a motor cooperating with a screw nut pair to realize the movement of the first pressing head 11331, and the above-mentioned form is a common driving and moving form in the mechanical field, and no further description is made herein to the specific selection and structure thereof.

[0050] The second clamping mechanism 114 comprises two second clamping frames 1141 oppositely arranged on the turnover frame 112, two second clamping assemblies 1142 oppositely arranged on the second clamping frames 1141 for clamping the opposite mounting arms 715, a support block 1143 movably arranged on the two second clamping frames 1141, and a second driving member 1144 arranged on one of the second clamping frames 1141 and connected to drive the support block 1143 to move, wherein the two second clamping frames 1141 form a spot welding area therebetween, facilitating spot welding between the two mounting arms 715 arranged oppositely in the up-down direction, and when the two spliced housings 712 are spliced, the support block 1143 moves to the space between the two second clamping frames 1141 to support the mounting arms 715 of the spliced housings 712; when the two spliced housings 712 are clamped and fixed by the first clamping assembly 1132, the first pressing assembly 1133 and the second clamping assembly 1142, the support block 1143 can move reversely under the action of the second driving member 1144 to prevent affecting the spot welding between the two mounting arms 715 arranged oppositely in the up-down direction; specifically, the second driving member 1144 can adopt a mode of air cylinder, oil cylinder or motor cooperating with screw nut pair to realize the movement of the support block 1143, and the above mode is a common driving movement mode in the mechanical field, and no further description is made herein to the specific selection and structure.

[0051] The second clamping assembly 1142 comprises a second moving block 11421 movably arranged on the second clamping frame 1141, a clamping block 11422 arranged at the front end of the second moving block 11421, and a second moving member 11423 arranged on the second clamping frame 1141 and connected to drive the second moving block 11421 to move; specifically, in actual operation, the number of clamping blocks 11422 can be increased according to the model of the bridge shell body 71, and the number of second moving blocks 11421 and second moving members 11423 can be increased correspondingly to adapt to mounting arms 715 of different lengths; the second moving member 11423 can adopt a mode of air cylinder, oil cylinder or motor cooperating with screw nut pair to realize the movement of the second moving block 11421, and the above mode is a common driving movement mode in the mechanical field, and no further description is made herein to the specific selection and structure.

[0052] The turnover mechanism 115 includes two turnover seats 1151 oppositely arranged on the first base 111 for mounting the turnover frame 112 and a turnover assembly 1152 arranged on one turnover seat 1151 and connected to and driving the turnover frame 112 to turn over, wherein the turnover frame 112 is respectively mounted on the two turnover seats 1151 through two bearings at two ends, the turnover assembly 1152 can adopt a servo motor, the turnover frame 112 is driven to rotate through the servo motor, when the two spliced housings 712 are spliced, the turnover assembly 1152 drives the turnover frame 112 to be obliquely arranged between the two turnover seats 1151, so as to facilitate workers to splice and spot weld; when the both sides of the axle housing body 71 are completed, the turnover assembly 1152 drives the turnover frame 112 to be in a horizontal state, facilitating the grabbing and transferring of the axle housing body 71.

[0053] The full-welding tool 12 of the axle housing body includes a second base 121 arranged on one side of the first base 111, two rotating seats 122 oppositely arranged on the second base 121, a welding frame 123 rotatably arranged between the two rotating seats 122, a rotating member 124 arranged on the rotating seat 122 and connected to and driving the welding frame 123 to rotate, a third clamping mechanism 125 arranged on the welding frame 123 and used for fixing the two spliced housing main body parts 731, and two fourth clamping mechanisms 126 arranged on the welding frame 123 and used for fixing the two spliced housing two mounting arms 715, wherein the structure of the third clamping mechanism 125 is the same as that of the first clamping mechanism 113, the structure of the fourth clamping mechanism 126 is the same as that of the second clamping mechanism 114, and no further description is made here; specifically, the rotating member 124 can adopt a servo motor, the welding frame 123 is driven to rotate 180° through the servo motor, the axle housing body 71 on the welding frame 123 is turned over, and full welding is realized on the front and back surfaces of the axle housing body 71.

[0054] The transfer mechanism 13 includes a rack 131, a transfer frame 132 movably arranged on the rack 131, a grabbing assembly 133 arranged on the transfer frame 132 and used for grabbing the axle housing body 71, a horizontal driving assembly 134 arranged on the rack 131 and used for driving the transfer frame 132 to move horizontally, and a lifting driving assembly 135 arranged on the rack 131 and used for driving the transfer frame 132 to move up and down, wherein the horizontal driving assembly 134 and the lifting driving assembly 135 are common structures in the field of multi-axis movement of components, and can adopt a motor cooperating with a gear and a rack to realize the horizontal movement and the up-and-down movement of the transfer frame 132, and no further description is made here to the specific structure.

[0055] The grabbing assembly 133 includes two grabbing arms 1331 arranged on the transfer frame 132 and capable of moving towards or away from each other, two grabbing claws 1332 arranged on the grabbing arms 1331 and used for grabbing the two ends of the axle housing body 71 respectively, and two transverse moving members 1333 arranged on the transfer frame 132 and used for driving the two grabbing arms 1331 to move respectively. The grabbing claws 1332 are pneumatic clamps, and the side opposite to the axle housing body 71 is formed with an inwardly extending grabbing groove for embedding the mounting arm 715 of the spliced housing 712. Specifically, two sets of grabbing assemblies 133 are arranged opposite to each other on the two sides of the transfer frame 132. When one grabbing assembly moves the axle housing body 71 on the turnover frame 112 to the welding frame 123, the other grabbing assembly simultaneously moves the axle housing body 71 on the welding frame 123 to the transition frame 15. Further, the transverse moving members 1333 can move the grabbing arms 1331 by means of a motor cooperating with a gear rack, and the specific structure thereof will not be described further.

[0056] When the axle housing body 71 is welded, the two spliced housings 712 and the four triangular plates 713 are first spot-welded on the splicing spot welding tool 11, and then transferred to the welding frame 123, and the axle housing body full welding equipment 14 is used to fully weld the axle housing body 71 after spot welding. The specific steps are as follows:

[0057] Step 1: The turnover mechanism 115 controls the turnover frame 112 to be inclined, adjusts the positions of the two second clamping mechanisms 114 according to the size of the axle housing body 71, so that the two mounting arms 715 of the spliced housing 712 can be supported, supports the main body segment 714 of one spliced housing 712 on the first clamping assembly 1132 below, and at this time, the two mounting arms 715 are just supported on the two second clamping assemblies 1142 below;

[0058] Step 2: splice another spliced housing on the spliced housing 712 below, and then control the first clamping assembly, the first pressing assembly, the two second clamping assemblies above and the first pressing assembly 1133 below to act, clamp and fix the two spliced housings 712, at this time, the worker can spot weld the two triangular plates 713 and the two mounting arms 715 on one side of the axle housing body 71, when the two triangular plates 713 and the two spliced housings 712 on one side of the axle housing body 71 are spot welded, the turnover mechanism 115 drives the turnover frame 112 to turn 180°, and spot welds the two triangular plates 713 and the two mounting arms 715 on the other side of the axle housing body 71.

[0059] Step three, the turnover mechanism 115 controls the turnover frame 112 to turn to the horizontal state, the horizontal drive assembly 134 cooperates with the lifting drive assembly 135, so that the transfer frame 132 on the side close to the turnover frame 112 of the grabbing assembly 133 on the turnover frame 112 of the bridge shell body 71 complete spot welding is moved to the welding frame 123, the bridge shell body full welding equipment 14 is carried out to the bridge shell body 71 one side full welding, when the bridge shell body 71 completes one side full welding, the rotating part 124 drives the welding frame 123 to turn over 180°, and the other side full welding of the bridge shell body 71 is carried out, to complete the full welding of the bridge shell body 71, when the bridge shell body 71 is transferred from the turnover frame 112 to the welding frame 123, the grabbing assembly 133 on the other side of the transfer frame 132 will simultaneously grab the bridge shell body 71 complete full welding on the welding frame 123 and move to the transition frame 15, so that the bridge shell body 71 complete full welding enters the reinforcing ring and back cover welding device 2 through the transition frame 15.

[0060] The reinforcing ring and back cover welding device 2 carries out spot welding and full welding of the reinforcing ring 72 and the back cover 73 on the full-welded bridge shell body 71 in turn, including the first welding device 21 for spot welding the back cover 73 and the reinforcing ring 72 on both sides of the bridge shell body 71 respectively and the second welding device 22 for full welding of the spot-welded back cover 73 and the reinforcing ring 72.

[0061] The first welding device 21 comprises a spot welding frame 211, a welding seat 212 movably arranged on the spot welding frame 211, a positioning ring 213 arranged on the welding seat 212, a positioning column 214 arranged on the positioning ring 213 and extending upward into the positioning hole 734, a positioning frame 215 arranged on one side of the welding seat 212, a positioning plate 216 arranged on the upper end of the positioning frame 215 and capable of being flipped downward to position the back cover 73, a lifting mechanism 217 arranged on the spot welding frame 211 and connected and driven with the welding seat 212 to move up and down, and two support brackets 218 oppositely arranged on the spot welding frame 211 and located on both sides of the welding seat 212, wherein the support bracket 218 is formed with a V-shaped support groove 2181 extending downward from the upper end thereof, and the axle housing body 71 can be supported in the two support grooves 2181, and the position of the axle housing body 71 just entering the first welding device 21 is corrected through the arrangement of the two support brackets 218 to ensure the spot welding of the reinforcing ring 72 and the back cover 73. Specifically, the opposite surface of the positioning plate 216 and the back cover 73 is formed with an arc-shaped positioning groove 2161 extending inward, and when the back cover 73 is spot welded, the positioning plate 216 can be flipped downward with the lower end thereof supported on the connecting portion 733 to position the back cover 73, at this time, the inner wall of the arc-shaped positioning groove 2161 is matched with the outer peripheral surface of the extending portion 732, the position of the back cover 73 is positioned through the positioning column 214 and the positioning plate 216, the accuracy of the position of the back cover 73 is improved, and the air tightness of the prepared axle housing 7 is ensured. Further, the positioning plate 216 is flipably arranged on the upper end of the positioning frame 215 through a hinge 2162, and the positioning ring 213 is detachably arranged on the welding seat 212 through a bolt, so as to replace the positioning plate 216 and the positioning ring 213 of corresponding sizes according to different models and sizes of the axle housing 7, and the application range of the first welding device 21 is improved.

[0062] The lifting mechanism 217 comprises a lifting piece 2171 arranged on the spot welding frame 211, a lifting shaft 2172 having one end connected with the lifting piece 2171 and the other end extending upward and connected with the welding seat 212, a plurality of guide sleeves 2173 circumferentially arranged on the spot welding frame 211, a plurality of guide rods 2174 respectively movably arranged in the plurality of guide sleeves 2173 and having upper ends connected with the welding seat 212, a guide plate 2175 connected with lower ends of the plurality of guide rods 2174, a first protective sleeve 2176 sleeved on an outer periphery of the lifting shaft 2172, and a plurality of second protective sleeves 2177 respectively sleeved on outer peripheries of the plurality of guide rods 2174. The first protective sleeve 2176 and the second protective sleeves 2177 are made of flexible rubber, and the lifting shaft 2172 and the guide rods 2174 are protected to prevent damage caused by splashed welding slag during spot welding. Specifically, the lifting piece 2171 is a pneumatic cylinder or other structure capable of driving the lifting shaft 2172 to move up and down. When the reinforcing ring 72 and the back cover 73 are spot welded, the lifting piece 2171 drives the welding seat 212 to move upward to the highest position, so that the two ends of the axle housing body 71 are respectively separated from the relative support brackets 218, and spot welding of the reinforcing ring 72 and the back cover 73 is ensured to be stable. Further, when the welding seat 212 is lowered to the lowest position, the first protective sleeve 2176 and the second protective sleeves 2177 are in a compressed state.

[0063] The support bracket 218 is movably arranged on the spot welding frame 211. The top surface of the spot welding frame 211 is formed with a strip-shaped hole 2111 extending along the moving direction of the support bracket 218. The bottom of the support bracket 218 is formed with a locking hole 2182 opposite to the strip-shaped hole 2111. When the support bracket 218 is fixed, bolts pass through the locking hole 2182 and the strip-shaped hole 2111 in sequence, and a nut is used to lock and fix the support bracket 218. During spot welding, the distance between the two support brackets 218 can be adjusted according to different sizes and models of the axle housing 7, so as to ensure that the support bracket 218 supports the axle housing body 71.

[0064] The second welding device 22 comprises a base 221, a first gripping mechanism 222 arranged on the base 221 and used for clamping and driving the bridge shell body 71 to rotate, a second gripping mechanism 223 arranged on the base 221 and opposite to the first gripping mechanism 222, a first welding equipment 224 located on one side of the base 221 and used for full welding of the reinforcing ring 72, and a second welding equipment 225 located on one side of the base 221 and used for full welding of the back cover 73. When the reinforcing ring 72 and the back cover 73 are full welded, the bridge shell body 71 can be rotatably arranged between the first gripping mechanism 222 and the second gripping mechanism 223, so that the first welding equipment 224 and the second welding equipment 225 simultaneously full weld the reinforcing ring 72 and the back cover 73, respectively. Specifically, the base 221 is formed with a rotating area 2211 extending downward from the top of the base 221 and used for rotation of the bridge shell body 71. Specifically, the first welding equipment 224 and the second welding equipment 225 are common welding equipment in the field of bridge shell preparation, and the specific structure thereof will not be described further.

[0065] The first gripping mechanism 222, opposite to the reinforcing ring 72, comprises a first gripping seat 2221 arranged on the base 221, a gripping assembly 2222 rotatably arranged on the first gripping seat 2221 and used for clamping the bridge shell body 71, and a rotating assembly 2223 arranged on the first gripping seat 2221 and used for driving the gripping assembly 2222 to rotate.

[0066] The gripping assembly 2222 comprises a gripping shaft 2224 rotatably arranged on the first gripping seat 2221, a first pneumatic chuck 2225 arranged on the front end of the gripping shaft 2224, and a plurality of clamping jaws 2226 circumferentially distributed on the first pneumatic chuck 2225 and used for clamping or releasing the bridge shell body 71. Specifically, the gripping shaft 2224 is rotatably arranged on the first gripping seat 2221 through a bearing. When the bridge shell body 71 is clamped, the clamping jaws 2226 can extend into the mounting hole 711 and move outward to abut against the inner wall of the mounting hole 711 under the action of the first pneumatic chuck 2225 to clamp and fix the bridge shell body 71. Specifically, the first pneumatic chuck 2225 is a four-jaw pneumatic chuck, and the clamping jaws 2226 are provided with four clamping jaws.

[0067] The rotating assembly 2223 comprises a first rotating motor 2227 arranged on the first gripping seat 2221, a first bevel gear 2228 arranged on the output shaft of the first rotating motor 2227, and a second bevel gear 2229 arranged on the gripping shaft 2224 and engaged with the first bevel gear 2228. Through the structure of the rotating assembly 2223, the rotation of the gripping shaft 2224 is realized by the engagement of the first bevel gear 2228 and the second bevel gear 2229, the friction in the transmission process is reduced, the rotation of the bridge shell body 71 is stable, and the full welding of the reinforcing ring 72 and the back cover 73 by the first welding equipment 224 and the second welding equipment 225 is ensured.

[0068] The second gripping mechanism 223, opposite to the back cover 73, includes a second gripping seat 2231 arranged on the base 221 and opposite to the first gripping seat 2221, a positioning ejector pin 2232 arranged on the second gripping seat 2231 for supporting and clamping the back cover 73, and a moving assembly 2233 arranged on the base 221 for driving the second gripping seat 2231 to move back and forth relative to the first gripping seat 2221, wherein the positioning ejector pin 2232 and the opposite surface of the back cover 73 are formed with an inwardly extending groove 2238; specifically, the moving assembly 2233 includes two movable rails 2234 relatively arranged on the base 221, two movable sliders 2235 relatively arranged at the bottom of the second gripping seat 2231 and respectively cooperating with the two movable rails 2234, a moving cylinder 2236 arranged on the base 221 and A connecting block 2237 is provided at the front end of the moving cylinder 2236 and connected to the second gripping seat 2231; when the reinforcement ring 72 and the back cover 73 are fully welded, the bridge housing body 71 is moved from the welding seat 212 to the first gripping mechanism 222 by the robot, so that multiple clamps 2226 are extended into the mounting hole 711, and then the first pneumatic chuck 2225 controls the multiple clamps 2226 to move outward to open and abut against the inner wall of the mounting hole 711 to fix the bridge housing body 71, and then the moving component 2233 controls the positioning pin 2232 to move in the direction close to the back cover 73, so that its front end abuts against the outer surface of the back cover 73, completing the clamping of the bridge housing body 71; finally, the rotating component 2223 cooperates with the first welding equipment 224 and the second welding equipment 225 to complete the full welding of the reinforcement ring 72 and the back cover 73 at the same time.

[0069] The spot welding and full welding of the reinforcement ring 72 and the back cover 73 based on the reinforcement ring and back cover welding device 2 specifically include the following steps:

[0070] Step 1: Move the axle housing body 71 until its two ends are supported on the two support brackets 218 respectively. The lifting mechanism 217 drives the welding seat 212 to move upward so that the axle housing body 71 is supported on the welding seat 212. At this time, the two ends of the axle housing body 71 are separated from the relative support brackets 218.

[0071] Step 2: Spot weld the reinforcement ring 72 to one side of the axle housing body 71. The lifting mechanism 217 operates to drive the welding seat 212 downward to reset. The two ends of the axle housing body 71 are again supported on the two support brackets 218. The axle housing body 71 is then rotated 180° on the two support brackets 218. The lifting mechanism 217 continues to operate to drive the welding seat 212 upward so that the axle housing body 71 is supported on the welding seat 212. At this time, the positioning ring 213 can be embedded in the reinforcement ring 72 to initially position the axle housing body 71.

[0072] Step three, the positioning hole 734 on the back cover 73 is opposite to the positioning column 214, then the back cover 73 is supported on the axle housing body 71, the positioning plate 216 is turned down to position the back cover 73, at this time, the back cover 73 can be spot welded on the axle housing body 71 through spot welding;

[0073] Step four, the axle housing body 71 with the completed back cover 73 and the reinforcing ring 72 is moved to the first gripping mechanism 222 by the mechanical hand, the plurality of clamping jaws 2226 are inserted into the mounting hole 711, then the first pneumatic chuck 2225 controls the plurality of clamping jaws 2226 to move outward to abut against the inner wall of the mounting hole 711 to fix the axle housing body 71, then the moving assembly 2233 controls the positioning pin 2232 to move along the direction close to the back cover 73, so that the front end abuts against the outer surface of the back cover 73, and the clamping of the axle housing body 71 is completed.

[0074] Step five, the rotating assembly 2223 works to drive the gripping shaft 2224 to rotate, thereby driving the axle housing body 71 to rotate, at this time, the first welding device 224 and the second welding device 225 can simultaneously perform full welding on the reinforcing ring 72 and the back cover 73 respectively, and the full welding of the back cover 73 and the reinforcing ring 72 is completed.

[0075] The large accessory welding device 3 sequentially performs spot welding and full welding on the axle housing body 71 with the completed reinforcing ring 72 and the back cover 73, including the large accessory spot welding device 31 for spot welding the large accessory 74 on the axle housing body 71 and the large accessory full welding device 32 for full welding on the large accessory 74, wherein the large accessory full welding device 32 is a commonly used large accessory full welding device in the field of axle housing preparation, which will not be further described here.

[0076] The large accessory spot welding device 31 includes a welding table 33, a fixing mechanism 34 arranged on the welding table 33 for fixing the axle housing body 71, a support frame 35 arranged on the welding table 33, a positioning mechanism 36 movably arranged on the support frame 35 above the fixing mechanism 34 for fixing the large accessory 74, a moving seat 37 arranged on the support frame 35, a lifting column 38 movably arranged in the moving seat 37 for installing the positioning mechanism 36, a transverse moving mechanism 39 arranged on the support frame 35 and connected and driven to move the moving seat 37 transversely, and a lifting moving mechanism 30 arranged on the moving seat 37 and connected and driven to move the lifting column 38 up and down; specifically, the transverse moving mechanism 39 and the lifting moving mechanism 30 can adopt the mode of motor cooperating with gear and rack to realize multi-axis movement of parts, which is a common structure in the field, and will not be further described here.

[0077] The fixing mechanism 34 comprises a first fixing seat 341 arranged on the welding table 33, a second fixing seat 342 movable relative to the first fixing seat 341, a fixing shaft 343 rotatably arranged on the first fixing seat 341, a second pneumatic chuck 344 arranged at the front end of the fixing shaft 343, a plurality of fixing claws 345 arranged on the circumference of the second pneumatic chuck 344, a fixing pin 346 arranged on the second fixing seat 342 and opposite to the fixing shaft 343, a second rotary motor 347 arranged on the first fixing seat 341 and connected to drive the fixing shaft 343 to rotate, a driving assembly 348 arranged on the welding table 33 and connected to drive the second fixing seat 342 to move, a support seat 349 movably arranged on the welding table 33, and a lifting assembly 340 arranged on the welding table 33 and connected to drive the support seat 349 to move up and down. When the large accessory 74 is welded, the axle housing body 71 is moved to the support seat 349, and then the lifting assembly 340 controls the support seat 349 to move up to a fixed position. The second pneumatic chuck 344 controls the plurality of fixing claws 345 to move inward simultaneously to fix the end of the axle housing body 71. The driving assembly 348 controls the second fixing seat 342 to move in the direction close to the first fixing seat 341, so that the fixing pin 346 is embedded in the end of the other end of the axle housing body 71. Then the lifting assembly 340 controls the support seat 349 to move down to reset. At this time, the axle housing body 71 is fixed between the fixing pin 346 and the plurality of fixing claws 345, and spot welding of the large accessory 74 can be performed. For different welding positions of different large accessories 74, the second rotary motor 347 drives the fixing shaft 343 to rotate and in turn drives the axle housing body 71 to overturn, so that the welding position of the large accessory 74 is rotated to a suitable position to cooperate with the positioning mechanism 36 to weld the large accessory 74. Specifically, the driving assembly 348 adopts a motor, a gear and a rack cooperation mode, which is a common mode in the mechanical field. The specific structure and working principle will not be further described here. The lifting assembly 340 can adopt a cylinder or other structure that can realize the up and down movement of the support seat 349. It is a common structure in mechanical equipment. The specific selection and working principle will not be further described here.

[0078] The positioning mechanism 36 comprises a mounting seat 361 connected with the lifting column 38, a positioning disc 362 rotatably arranged on the mounting seat 361, a plurality of positioning tools circumferentially distributed on the positioning disc 362, a rotating assembly 364 arranged on the mounting seat 361 and connected to drive the positioning disc 362 to rotate, and a plurality of mounting assemblies 365 arranged on the positioning disc 362 and used for mounting the plurality of positioning tools. The plurality of positioning tools correspond one-to-one with the plurality of large accessories 74. The positioning tools position the large accessories 74 at the welding position and are welded with the axle housing body 71. Specifically, the rotating assembly 364 comprises a rotating motor 3641 arranged on the mounting seat 361 and a connecting flange 3642 arranged on the output shaft of the rotating motor 3641 and connected with the positioning disc 362.

[0079] The mounting assembly 365 includes a mounting rod 3651 arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the positioning plate 362, a first connecting member 3652 arranged between the mounting rod 3651 and the positioning plate 362, and a second connecting member 3653 arranged between the mounting rod 3651 and the relative positioning tooling, wherein the positioning plate 362 is formed with a mounting portion 3621 extending inward from its outer peripheral surface and connected to the mounting rod 3651; specifically, the mounting rod 3651 includes a first mounting segment 36511 connected to the mounting portion 3621 and a second mounting segment 36512 connected to the first mounting segment 36511 and extending outward for installing the positioning tooling. When the large accessory 74 is welded, the corresponding positioning tooling is selected according to the structure of the welded large accessory 74, and then the positioning tooling is installed on the mounting rod 3651, so that the corresponding positioning tooling can be selected by rotating the positioning plate 362 when the large accessory 74 is installed. The operation is simple and effectively improves the installation efficiency of the large accessory 74.

[0080] The first connecting member 3652 includes a first limiting hole 36521 provided on the mounting portion 3621, two first locking holes 36522 provided on the mounting portion 3621 on both sides of the first limiting hole 36521, a limiting pin 36523 provided in the first limiting hole 36521, a second limiting hole provided on the first mounting section 36511 for the limiting pin 36523 to be embedded in, two first connecting holes spaced apart on the first mounting section 36511 opposite to the two first locking holes 36522, and two first connecting bolts 36524 respectively passing through the two first connecting holes and threadedly connected to the first locking holes 36522 opposite to each other.

[0081] The second connecting member 3653 includes a second connecting hole 36531 arranged on the second mounting section 36512 and extending along its length direction, and a second connecting bolt 36532 movably arranged in the second connecting hole 36531 and connected to the relative positioning tooling. By limiting the setting of the second connecting hole 36531, the position of the relative positioning tooling can be adjusted according to the welding position of the large accessory 74.

[0082] The spot welding process of large attachment 74 is as follows:

[0083] Step 1: Move the axle housing body 71 onto the support seat 349. The lifting assembly 340 then controls the support seat 349 to move upward to a clamping position. The second pneumatic chuck 344 controls the multiple fixed claws 345 to move inward simultaneously to clamp the end of the axle housing body 71. The driving assembly 348 controls the second fixed seat 342 to move closer to the first fixed seat 341, so that the fixed ejector pin 346 engages with the other end of the axle housing body 71. The driving assembly 348 then controls the support seat 349 to move downward and reset. At this point, the axle housing body 71 is fixed between the fixed ejector pin 346 and the multiple fixed claws 345.

[0084] Step two, the mounting seat 361 is moved laterally and vertically by the lateral moving mechanism 39 and the vertical moving mechanism 30, and the positioning disc 362 is rotated by the rotating assembly 364, so that the positioning tool of the large accessory 74 to be welded on the positioning disc 362 is moved to the position opposite to the welding position of the large accessory 74 to be welded;

[0085] Step three, the large accessory 74 to be welded is placed in the positioning tool, and under the action of the positioning tool, the large accessory 74 to be welded is just placed in the welding position, at this time, the large accessory 74 to be welded can be spot welded;

[0086] Step four, steps two and three are repeated to realize spot welding of multiple large accessories 74.

[0087] When the large accessory 74 to be welded is the steel plate spring seat 77, the first positioning tool 363 includes a mounting plate 3631 connected with the opposite mounting rod 3651, an elastic positioning pin 3632 arranged in the middle of the mounting plate 3631, a limiting plate 3633 arranged on one side of the mounting plate 3631, and a U-shaped limiting groove 3634 extending inward from the opposite side of the limiting plate 3633 to the axle housing body 71; wherein the middle of the steel plate spring seat 77 is formed with a positioning pin hole 771 for embedding the elastic positioning pin 3632; based on the above welding method, the first positioning tool 363 corresponding to the steel plate spring seat 77 is moved to the position opposite to the welding position of the steel plate spring seat 77 by rotating the positioning disc 362, at this time, the end of the axle housing body 71 is embedded in the U-shaped limiting groove 3634, then the steel plate spring seat 77 is moved inward from the side opposite to the limiting plate 3633 of the mounting plate 3631 to the steel plate spring seat 77, so that the elastic positioning pin 3632 is embedded in the positioning pin hole 771, at this time, the steel plate spring seat 77 is just fitted in the welding position defined by the mounting plate 3631 and the limiting plate 3633 under the action of the mounting plate 3631 and the limiting plate 3633, then the steel plate spring seat 77 can be spot welded by manual or welding robot.

[0088] The shaft head welding device 4 is used for press-fitting the shaft head 76 on both ends of the axle body 71 and full welding the shaft head 76, and comprises a press-fitting device 41 and a shaft head full welding device 42. The press-fitting device 41 comprises a press-fitting table 411, a fixed press-fitting base 412 arranged on the press-fitting table 411, a movable press-fitting base 413 arranged on the press-fitting table 411 and movable back and forth relative to the fixed press-fitting base 412, a support table 414 arranged on the press-fitting table 411 and located between the fixed press-fitting base 412 and the movable press-fitting base 413, a first positioning sleeve 415 arranged on one side of the support table 414 and abutting against the movable press-fitting base 413, a second positioning sleeve 416 arranged on the other side of the support table 414 and abutting against the fixed press-fitting base 412, a first top rod 417 arranged on the movable press-fitting base 413 and abutting against the first positioning sleeve 415, a reset member 418 arranged on the fixed press-fitting base 412 and abutting against the second positioning sleeve 416 and driving the support table 414 to move reversely, and a driving mechanism 419 arranged on the press-fitting table 411 and connected to and driving the movable press-fitting base 413 to move. Specifically, the shaft head full welding device 42 is a common welding device in the axle body 71 manufacturing field, and the specific structure and working principle thereof will not be described further. Further, the reset member 418 can be a pneumatic cylinder, and the piston rod of the pneumatic cylinder is controlled to move outward and abut against the second positioning sleeve 416, so as to drive the support table 414 to move reversely, thereby facilitating the robot to transfer the axle body 71 with the press-fitted shaft head 76 to the shaft head full welding device 42 to full weld the shaft head 76.

[0089] The fixed press-fitting base 412 comprises a fixed press-fitting base body 4121, a fixed press-fitting block 4122 arranged on the fixed press-fitting base body 4121, and a first press-fitting groove 4123 arranged on the fixed press-fitting block 4122 and used for mounting the shaft head 76.

[0090] The movable press-fitting base 413 comprises a movable press-fitting base body 4131, a movable press-fitting block 4132 arranged on the movable press-fitting base body 4131, and a second press-fitting groove 4133 arranged on the movable press-fitting block 4132 and used for mounting the shaft head 76.

[0091] The support table 414 comprises a support table body 4141 movably arranged on the press-fitting table 411, a support plate 4142 movably arranged on the support table body 4141, and a lifting pneumatic cylinder 4143 arranged on the support table body 4141 and connected to and driving the support plate 4142 to move up and down.

[0092] The first positioning sleeve 415 is structurally identical to the second positioning sleeve 416, and includes a fixed sleeve fixedly connected with the support table 414, a movable sleeve movably arranged on the fixed sleeve, and a fixing pin arranged between the movable sleeve and the fixed sleeve and used for fixing the movable sleeve; by limiting the structure of the first positioning sleeve 415 and the second positioning sleeve 416, the length of the first positioning sleeve 415 and the second positioning sleeve 416 can be adjusted according to the size of the axle head 76 during pressing.

[0093] The first top rod 417 includes a first top rod body 4171 movably arranged in the movable pressing seat 413 and a compression spring 4172 sleeved on the first top rod body 4171, wherein one end of the compression spring 4172 is connected with the first top rod body 4171, and the other end is connected with the movable pressing seat 413.

[0094] The driving mechanism 419 includes a driving seat 4191 arranged on the pressing table 411, a driving oil cylinder 4192 arranged on the driving seat 4191, and a connecting head 4193 arranged at the front end of the driving oil cylinder 4192 and connected with the movable pressing seat 413.

[0095] The pressing steps of the axle head 76 are as follows:

[0096] Step 1: the axle head 76 is placed in the first pressing groove 4123 and the second pressing groove 4133, respectively, by the mechanical hand, the driving mechanism 419 controls the movable pressing seat 413 to move in the direction of approaching the fixed pressing block 4122, so that the axle head 76 in the second pressing groove 4133 is pressed into one end of the axle head 76, at this time, the first top rod 417 is in contact with the end of the first positioning sleeve 415;

[0097] Step 2: the driving mechanism 419 controls the movable pressing seat 413 to continue to move towards the fixed pressing seat 412, and the support table 414 moves towards the fixed pressing seat 412 under the action of the first top rod 417, so that the axle head 76 in the first pressing groove 4123 is pressed into the other end of the axle head 76, at this time, the end of the second positioning sleeve 416 abuts against the fixed clamping seat 412;

[0098] Step 3: the lifting cylinder 4143 controls the support plate 4142 to move downward to be separated from the axle head 76, the axle head 76 is just supported between the movable pressing seat 413 and the fixed pressing seat 412, the driving mechanism 419 continues to control the movable pressing seat 413 to move towards the fixed pressing seat 412, so that the axle head 76 at both ends of the axle head 76 is further embedded into the axle head 76, at this time, the first top rod body 4171 is moved into the movable pressing seat 413 under the action of the compression spring 4172 and the first positioning sleeve 415;

[0099] Step 4, the lifting cylinder 4143 controls the support plate 4142 to move upward to support the axle housing body 71 at the bottom, the driving mechanism 419 controls the moving press fitting seat 413 to move reversely to remove the contact between the moving press fitting seat 413 and the axle housing body 71, the reset member 418 abuts against the end of the second positioning sleeve 416 to drive the support table 414 to move reversely to reset, and the axle housing body 71 of the press fitting axle head 76 is moved to reset to the clamping position, so as to facilitate the clamping and transfer of the subsequent mechanical hand.

[0100] The air tightness detection device 5 detects the air tightness of the axle housing body 71 with the full welding of the axle head 76, wherein the air tightness detection device 5 is a device commonly used in the field of axle housing preparation, and the structure and working principle thereof will not be further described here.

[0101] The small accessory welding device 6 sequentially performs spot welding and full welding of the small accessories 75 on the axle housing body 71 with the welded axle head 76 to obtain the axle housing 7, wherein the small accessory welding device 6 has the same structure as the large accessory welding device 3, and will not be further described here.

[0102] The present application limits the structure of the production and processing equipment, sets the axle housing body welding device 1, the reinforcing ring and back cover welding device 2, the large accessory welding device 3, the axle head welding device 4 and the small accessory welding device 6 to realize spot welding and full welding of the axle housing body 71, spot welding and full welding of the reinforcing ring 72 and the back cover 73, spot welding and full welding of the large accessory 74, press fitting and full welding of the axle head 76, and spot welding and full welding of the small accessory 75. The whole equipment has high automation degree, reduces the working strength of the operator, and adopts the cooperation mode of spot welding and full welding to ensure the welding precision of each part of the axle housing 7. At the same time, the equipment can be applied to the preparation of axle housings 7 of different sizes, greatly widening the application range of the equipment.

[0103] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, and therefore cannot limit the scope of the present application. Equivalent changes and modifications made according to the scope and content of the present application should still be within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A bridge housing production and processing equipment, the bridge housing comprising a bridge housing body, a reinforcement ring and a back cover disposed on opposite sides of the bridge housing body, shaft heads disposed at both ends of the bridge housing body, and large and small accessories disposed on the outer surface of the bridge housing body. The bridge housing body comprises two upper and lower spliced ​​shells and four triangular plates disposed on both sides of the spliced ​​shells, characterized in that: It includes axle housing body welding device, reinforcement ring and back cover welding device, large accessory welding device, shaft head welding device and small accessory welding device; The axle housing body welding device welds two spliced ​​shells and four triangular plates to form the axle housing body, including a splicing spot welding tool for spot welding the two spliced ​​shells and the four triangular plates, an axle housing body full welding tool for full welding the spot-welded axle housing body, and a transfer mechanism for transferring the axle housing body from the splicing spot welding tool to the full welding tool; The reinforcement ring and back cover welding device is used to spot weld and fully weld the reinforcement ring and back cover on the fully welded bridge housing body; Large accessory welding device, which performs spot welding and full welding of large accessories on the bridge housing body after welding the reinforcement ring and the back cover, including a large accessory spot welding device for spot welding the large accessories to the bridge housing body; The axle head welding device presses the axle heads at both ends of the axle housing body after the large accessories are fully welded, and then fully welds the pressed axle heads; Small accessory welding device, which performs spot welding and full welding of small accessories on the bridge housing body after the axle head is welded; The large accessory spot welding device includes a welding table, a fixing mechanism provided on the welding table for fixing the bridge housing body, a support frame provided on the welding table, a positioning mechanism movably provided on the support frame above the fixing mechanism for fixing the large accessory, a movable seat provided on the support frame, a lifting column movably provided in the movable seat for installing the positioning mechanism, a lateral movement mechanism provided on the support frame and connected to drive the movable seat to move laterally, and a lifting and moving mechanism provided on the movable seat and connected to drive the lifting column to move up and down; The positioning mechanism includes a mounting seat connected to the lifting and moving mechanism, a positioning plate rotatably arranged on the mounting seat, a plurality of positioning toolings circumferentially distributed on the positioning plate, and a rotating assembly arranged on the mounting seat and connected to and driving the positioning plate to rotate. The plurality of positioning toolings correspond one-to-one to a plurality of large accessories. The positioning tooling is positioned at a welding position relative to the large accessories and is spot welded to the bridge housing body.

2. The axle housing production and processing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spliced ​​shell includes a main body section and two mounting arms extending outward at both ends of the main body section. The spliced ​​spot welding tool includes a first base, a flip frame rotatably arranged on the first base, a first clamping mechanism arranged on the flip frame for clamping the two spliced ​​shell main body sections, two second clamping mechanisms spaced apart on the flip frame for clamping the two mounting arms of the two spliced ​​shells respectively, and a flip mechanism arranged on the first base and connected to and driving the flip frame to flip. When the bridge shell body is spot welded, the two spliced ​​shells are spliced ​​on the flip frame through the first clamping mechanism and the two second clamping mechanisms, and then the triangle plate is placed on the side opposite to the two main body sections for spot welding. When the two triangle plates and the two spliced ​​shells on one side of the bridge shell body are spot welded, the flip mechanism drives the flip frame to flip, and then the two triangle plates and the two spliced ​​shells are spot welded on the other side of the bridge shell body.

3. The axle housing production and processing equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first clamping mechanism includes two first clamping frames arranged relatively to each other on the flip frame, first clamping components respectively arranged on the two first clamping frames for clamping the relatively spliced ​​shell main body sections, and two first pressing components respectively arranged on the two first clamping frames for pressurizing the middle parts of the relatively main body sections. The first clamping component includes two first moving blocks relatively to each other and movable on the first clamping frames, two first clamping wheels respectively arranged at the front ends of the two first moving blocks for clamping the relatively main body sections, and two first moving parts respectively arranged on the first clamping frames for connecting and driving the movement of the relatively first moving blocks. The first pressing component is arranged between the two first clamping wheels.

4. The axle housing production and processing equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first pressure component includes a first pressure head that can be moved up and down on the first clamping frame, a pressure block arranged at the front end of the first pressure head, and a first driving component arranged on the first clamping frame and connected to and driving the first pressure head to move. The first pressure block and the two first clamping wheels are distributed in a triangular shape to clamp and fix the main section of the spliced ​​shell.

5. The axle housing production and processing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The back cover is provided with a positioning hole, and the back cover and reinforcement ring welding device includes a first welding device for spot welding the back cover and the reinforcement ring on both sides of the bridge shell body respectively and a second welding device for fully welding the spot-welded back cover and reinforcement ring. The first welding device includes a spot welding frame, a welding seat which can be moved up and down on the spot welding frame, a positioning ring provided on the welding seat, a positioning column provided on the positioning ring and extending upward to the positioning hole, a positioning frame provided on one side of the welding seat, a positioning plate provided on the upper end of the positioning frame and capable of being flipped downward to position the back cover, a lifting mechanism provided on the spot welding frame and connected to and driving the welding seat to move up and down, and two supporting brackets relatively provided on the spot welding frame and located on both sides of the welding seat.

6. The axle housing production and processing equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The back cover includes a main body portion arranged in a semicircular shape, an extension portion arranged at the lower end of the main body portion and extending downward, and a connecting portion extending radially outward from the lower end of the extension portion and connected to the bridge housing body. The positioning plate and the opposite surfaces of the back cover are formed with an inwardly extending arc-shaped positioning groove. When the back cover is spot welded, the positioning plate can be flipped downward until its lower end is supported on the connecting portion. At this time, the inner wall of the arc-shaped positioning groove is adapted to the outer peripheral surface of the extension portion.

7. The axle housing production and processing equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The second welding device includes a base, a first gripping mechanism arranged on the base for clamping and driving the bridge housing to rotate, a second gripping mechanism arranged on the base opposite to the first gripping mechanism, a first welding device located on one side of the base for fully welding the reinforcement ring, and a second welding device located on one side of the base for fully welding the back cover. The bridge housing can be rotatably arranged between the first gripping mechanism and the second gripping mechanism so that the first welding device and the second welding device can fully weld the reinforcement ring and the back cover respectively and simultaneously.

8. The axle housing production and processing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shaft head welding device includes a pressing device for pressing the shaft head, and the pressing device includes a pressing platform, a fixed pressing seat arranged on the pressing platform, a movable pressing seat movably arranged on the pressing platform and movable back and forth relative to the fixed pressing seat, a support platform arranged on the pressing platform and located between the fixed pressing seat and the movable pressing seat, a first positioning sleeve arranged on one side of the support platform and capable of abutting against the movable pressing seat, a second positioning sleeve arranged on the other side of the support platform and capable of abutting against the fixed pressing seat, a first push rod arranged on the movable pressing seat and capable of abutting against the first positioning sleeve, a reset member arranged on the fixed pressing seat and capable of abutting against the second positioning sleeve to drive the support platform to move in the opposite direction and reset, and a driving mechanism arranged on the pressing platform and connected to drive the movable pressing seat to move.

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