An airborne polarization three-dimensional topographic measurement device

Abstract

The present invention discloses an airborne polarization three-dimensional topographic measurement device, which belongs to the field of topographic measurement. It includes an aircraft and an installation box. The bottom of the aircraft is provided with a mounting plate, and the installation box is provided with a release assembly. The release assembly includes a connecting column, a movable plug, a sliding shaft, a first hinge, a second hinge, a first limiter and a second limiter. A mounting hole is provided on the mounting plate, and a first mounting groove and a second mounting groove are provided on the hole wall of the mounting hole. The first limiter and the second limiter are respectively located in the first mounting groove and the second mounting groove. A movable cavity is provided in the connecting column, and a partition is fixed in the movable cavity. The lower end of the sliding shaft is fixedly connected to the movable plug, one end of the first hinge is connected to the first limiter, and the other end is rotatably connected to the upper end of the sliding shaft, one end of the second hinge is connected to the second limiter, and the other end of the second hinge is rotatably connected to the upper end of the sliding shaft, thereby reducing the risk of damage to the polarization camera.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of topographic measurement, and in particular relates to an airborne polarization three-dimensional topographic measurement device. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of science and technology, the technology of using UAVs equipped with polarization cameras for 3D topographic measurement has gradually matured. UAVs are highly maneuverable and flexible, allowing them to quickly reach areas with complex terrains while carrying polarization cameras. Polarization cameras can also collect polarization information, which can improve the accuracy of topographic data collection.

[0003] Currently, a common airborne polarimetric 3D topographic measurement device consists of a drone and a carrying case. The drone is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the carrying case, which houses a polarization camera and memory. The polarization camera is used to collect topographic information, and the memory is used to store the data collected by the polarization camera. This structure allows the drone to quickly carry the carrying case to various areas with complex terrain, where the polarization camera can collect polarization information. However, since drones may fall during flight due to factors such as strong winds and sudden changes in airflow, the connection between the drone and the carrying case increases their combined weight when they fall, resulting in a greater instantaneous kinetic energy when they hit the ground, increasing the risk of damage to the polarization camera and memory inside the carrying case. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the above problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides an airborne polarization three-dimensional topographic measurement device. The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides an airborne polarization three-dimensional topographic measurement device, comprising an aircraft and an installation box, both of which are provided with a safety parachute assembly, a polarization camera, a memory, and an air storage component within the installation box, wherein the polarization camera and the memory are communicatively connected;

[0006] A mounting plate is provided at the bottom of the aircraft, and a plurality of tripping assemblies are provided on the mounting box. The plurality of tripping assemblies are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the mounting box, and the mounting plate and the mounting box are connected by the tripping assemblies.

[0007] The trip assembly includes a connecting column, a movable plug, a sliding shaft, a piston spring, a first hinge, a second hinge, a first limiter, and a second limiter. A mounting hole is provided on the mounting plate, the upper end of the connecting column extends into the mounting hole, a first mounting groove and a second mounting groove are provided on the hole wall of the mounting hole, and the first limiter and the second limiter are respectively located in the first mounting groove and the second mounting groove.

[0008] A movable chamber is provided in the connecting column, the upper end of the movable chamber is open, a partition is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the movable chamber, a first through-hole is provided on the partition, a sliding shaft is inserted into the first through-hole, the lower end of the sliding shaft is fixedly connected to the movable plug, one end of the first hinge is connected to the first limiter, the other end of the first hinge is rotatably connected to the upper end of the sliding shaft, one end of the second hinge is connected to the second limiter, the other end of the second hinge is rotatably connected to the upper end of the sliding shaft, a piston spring is sleeved on the sliding shaft, and the piston spring is located between the partition and the movable plug;

[0009] A first vent hole is also provided in the connecting column. One end of the first vent hole is communicated with the movable cavity and is located between the partition and the movable plug. The other end of the first vent hole is communicated with the gas storage assembly.

[0010] In one embodiment of the present invention, a polarization camera includes a camera body and a lens. A first hole and a second hole are respectively provided on the front and rear sides of a mounting box. The lens is located in the first hole and has a clearance fit with the first hole. The memory is located in the second hole and has a clearance fit with the second hole.

[0011] A first support plate, a second support plate, and a first spring are provided in the mounting box. The camera body is fixedly connected to the first support plate. One end of the first spring is connected to the first support plate, and the other end of the first spring is connected to the second support plate. The first spring is used to apply an elastic force to the first support plate toward the second support plate.

[0012] The installation box also includes a first rack, a gear, a second rack and a support column. The support column is fixedly connected to the second support plate. The gear rotates relative to the support column. The first rack and the second rack are both engaged with the gear. The end of the first rack is fixedly connected to the first support plate, and the end of the second rack is fixedly connected to the storage.

[0013] In one embodiment of the present invention, a hook assembly is further provided in the installation box;

[0014] The hook assembly includes a fixed shaft, a torsion spring and a limit hook. The fixed shaft is fixedly connected to the mounting box. The limit hook includes a connecting portion and a hook portion. One end of the connecting portion is rotatably connected to the fixed shaft, and the other end of the connecting portion is connected to the hook portion. The torsion spring is sleeved on the fixed shaft, one end of the torsion spring is connected to the fixed shaft, and the other end of the torsion spring is connected to the connecting portion.

[0015] A card slot with an upward opening is provided on the first support plate, and the card slot is arranged to penetrate in a direction perpendicular to the front surface of the first support plate. The connecting part is arranged in the card slot, and the fixed axis and the hook part are respectively located on both sides of the first support plate. The hook part is used to cooperate with the first support plate to limit the movement of the first support plate toward the second support plate.

[0016] In one embodiment of the present invention, a pressing assembly is further provided in the installation box, the pressing assembly comprising a cylinder, a second spring disposed in the cylinder, a pressing shaft, and a closing plate, a first air inlet being provided at the bottom of the cylinder, a first air outlet being provided on the side wall of the cylinder, and a second air vent being provided in the connecting column, one end of the second air vent being in communication with the active cavity, and the other end of the second air vent being in communication with the first air inlet;

[0017] A second through-hole is provided on the top of the cylinder, the closing plate includes a horizontal plate and a vertical plate, one end of the pressing shaft is connected to the horizontal plate, the other end of the pressing shaft extends through the second through-hole, the pressing shaft corresponds to the hook portion, the horizontal plate and the vertical plate are fixedly connected and perpendicular to each other, and the second spring is sleeved on the outer circumference of the pressing shaft;

[0018] When the second spring is in a free state, the longitudinal plate closes the first exhaust hole.

[0019] In one embodiment of the present invention, a mounting cavity is provided in the support column, a third through-hole is provided on the bottom wall of the mounting cavity, a second air inlet hole and a second air outlet hole are provided on the side wall of the mounting cavity, and the second air inlet hole is connected to the first air outlet hole;

[0020] A screw, a sleeve, a guide rod, a closing plug, and a third spring are provided in the installation cavity. One end of the screw extends through the third through-hole and is fixedly connected to the gear. The screw and the gear are coaxially arranged. The other end of the screw extends into the sleeve and is threadedly engaged with the sleeve. The guide rod is fixed to the inner wall of the installation cavity. The sleeve and the guide rod are slidably connected.

[0021] The outer periphery of the closing plug fits with the side wall of the mounting cavity to divide the mounting cavity into an upper chamber and a lower chamber. The third spring is located in the upper chamber, the sleeve is located in the lower chamber, and the sleeve and the closing plug are abutted. The second air inlet is connected to the upper chamber, and the second exhaust hole is connected to the lower chamber.

[0022] In one embodiment of the present invention, an arc-shaped plate is provided on the upper surface of the installation box, an elastic strip is provided on the surface of the arc-shaped plate, an air-filled cavity is provided inside the elastic strip, and the air-filled cavity is connected to the second exhaust hole.

[0023] In one embodiment of the present invention, the memory includes a memory card and a carrier plate, the carrier plate is inserted into the second hole and fixedly connected to the second rack, the memory card is mounted on the carrier plate, and an elastic conductive sheet is provided on the carrier plate, and the elastic conductive sheet is electrically connected to the memory card;

[0024] A load-bearing bracket is also provided in the installation box. A sliding groove is provided on the load-bearing bracket, and the load-bearing plate is slidably connected in the sliding groove.

[0025] In one embodiment of the present invention, the memory also includes a clamping member and a screw, a card slot is provided on the carrier plate, a threaded hole is provided on the bottom wall of the card slot, a fastening hole is provided on the clamping member, the screw extends through the fastening hole and is threadedly connected to the threaded hole, and the memory card is clamped between the clamping member and the carrier plate.

[0026] In one embodiment of the present invention, a guide member is further provided in the installation box, one end of the guide member is fixedly connected to the second support plate, a fourth through-hole is provided on the first support plate, the guide member is inserted into the fourth through-hole and is gap-matched with the fourth through-hole.

[0027] In one embodiment of the present invention, the gas storage assembly includes a mounting tube and a gas storage tank, the mounting tube and the mounting box are fixedly connected, and the gas storage tank is installed inside the mounting tube and is threadedly connected to the mounting tube;

[0028] A push switch is provided at the end of the gas storage tank, an air outlet is provided on the side wall of the mounting cylinder, and an electromagnetic valve is provided on the outer wall of the mounting cylinder. The air inlet end of the electromagnetic valve is connected to the air outlet, and the air outlet end of the electromagnetic valve is connected to the first air vent.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0030] In the above-mentioned solution of the present application, the aircraft and the installation box are connected by multiple release assemblies. When the aircraft falls due to airflow or its own malfunction, the gas storage assembly injects gas into the first vent hole in the connecting column. The gas flows through the first vent hole and into the space between the partition and the movable plug in the movable chamber. Under the action of the gas pressure, the movable plug moves toward the side away from the partition. When the movable plug moves, it drives the first hinge and the second hinge through the sliding shaft. When the first hinge moves, the first limiter disengages from the first mounting groove. When the second hinge moves, the second limiter disengages from the second mounting groove, separating the connecting column and the mounting plate, and further separating the installation box from the aircraft. With this structure, when the aircraft falls, the installation box can be separated from the aircraft, allowing the installation box to fall alone. Compared with a structure in which the aircraft and the installation box fall together, the instantaneous kinetic energy generated by the installation box falling alone when it hits the ground is smaller, thereby reducing the risk of damage to the polarization camera inside the installation box.

[0031] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a measuring device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the installation box in the embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0034] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of an upper cover plate of an installation box in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 An enlarged schematic diagram at point A;

[0036] Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of a connecting column according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the installation box in the embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0038] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the installation box after removing the upper cover plate in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the front side of the installation box in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of a top pressure assembly in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the interior of a support column according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the rear side of the installation box in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 12 Schematic diagram of a memory in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] Figure numerals: 1-aircraft, 2-installation box, 3-pressing member, 4-installation plate, 5-lens, 6-connecting column, 7-elastic strip, 8-elastic conductive sheet, 9-memory card, 10-carrying plate, 11-safety parachute assembly, 12-arc plate, 13-buffer pad, 14-block limiting structure, 15-plate hinge structure, 16-sliding shaft, 17-movable plug, 18-air tank, 19-first support plate, 20-camera body, 21-support column, 22-second support plate, 23-installation cylinder, 24-hook assembly, 25-top pressure assembly, 26-guide member, 27-intake pipe, 28-exhaust pipe, 29-second rack, 30-top pressure shaft, 31-closing plate, 32-sleeve, 33-screw, 34-first rack, 35-carrying bracket, 36-connection board, 37-closing plug. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific examples, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

[0046] See Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 5 and Figure 6, an embodiment of the present invention provides an airborne polarization three-dimensional topographic measurement device, including an aircraft 1 and an installation box 2, the aircraft 1 and the installation box 2 are both provided with a safety parachute assembly 11, the installation box 2 is provided with a polarization camera, a memory and an air storage component, and the polarization camera and the memory are communicatively connected; a mounting plate 4 is provided at the bottom of the aircraft 1, a plurality of tripping assemblies are provided on the installation box 2, and the plurality of tripping assemblies are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the installation box 2, and the mounting plate 4 and the installation box 2 are connected through the tripping assembly; the tripping assembly includes a connecting column 6, a movable plug 17, a sliding shaft 16, a piston spring, a first hinge, a second hinge, a first limiter and a second limiter, the first limiter and the second limiter are block-shaped limiter structures 14, the first hinge and the second hinge are plate-shaped hinge structures 15, a mounting hole is provided on the mounting plate 4, the upper end of the connecting column 6 extends into the mounting hole, and the hole wall of the mounting hole A first mounting groove and a second mounting groove are provided, and the first limit member and the second limit member are respectively located in the first mounting groove and the second mounting groove; a movable cavity is provided in the connecting column 6, and the upper end of the movable cavity is opened, and a partition is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the movable cavity, and a first through-hole is provided on the partition, and the sliding shaft 16 is inserted into the first through-hole, and the lower end of the sliding shaft 16 is fixedly connected to the movable plug 17, one end of the first hinge is connected to the first limit member, and the other end of the first hinge is rotatably connected to the upper end of the sliding shaft 16, one end of the second hinge is connected to the second limit member, and the other end of the second hinge is rotatably connected to the upper end of the sliding shaft 16, and the piston spring is sleeved on the sliding shaft 16, and the piston spring is located between the partition and the movable plug 17; a first air vent is also provided in the connecting column 6, one end of the first vent is connected to the movable cavity and is located between the partition and the movable plug 17, and the other end of the first vent is connected to the air storage assembly.

[0047] In some embodiments of the present application, the aircraft 1 is a conventional drone, and a gyroscope is provided inside the aircraft 1 for detecting the flight attitude of the aircraft 1 and the installation box 2 .

[0048] In some embodiments of the present application, the safety parachute assembly 11 is a commonly used drone parachute, such as the Manti3 drone parachute. The safety parachute assembly on the aircraft 1 is located on the upper surface of the aircraft 1, while the safety parachute assembly on the mounting box 2 is located on the lower surface of the mounting box 2. Both the aircraft 1 and the mounting box 2 are equipped with a central processing unit (CPU). When the gyroscope detects that the aircraft 1 is unbalanced and falling, the CPU inside the aircraft 1 controls the ejection of the safety parachute assembly located on the upper surface of the aircraft 1 to reduce the damage caused by the fall of the aircraft 1. The CPU inside the mounting box 2 controls the ejection of the safety parachute assembly located on the lower surface of the mounting box 2 to reduce the damage caused by the fall of the mounting box 2.

[0049] In some embodiments of the present application, a polarization camera includes a camera body 20 and a lens 5. The camera body 20 is slidably disposed within an installation box 2. During measurement, the aircraft 1 is first controlled to ascend to a target altitude. When the polarization camera's acquisition range covers the target area, the polarization information of reflected light from ground objects is collected using the polarization camera's different polarization channels. Based on a model of the interaction between polarized light and ground objects, the surface characteristics of the ground objects are inverted from the collected polarization information. Finally, through multi-view imaging and triangulation principles, terrain information is collected and three-dimensionally reconstructed.

[0050] In some embodiments of the present application, a polarization camera and memory device can be connected via a data cable, allowing data collected by the polarization camera to be transferred to the memory device for storage. The polarization camera includes a built-in information exchange chip that can transmit collected terrain information to a backend terminal in real time. When the flight distance of the aircraft 1 exceeds the data transmission range of the information exchange chip, the polarization camera's built-in MCU (Microcontroller Unit) can transfer the collected data to the memory device for storage.

[0051] In some embodiments of the present application, the installation box 2 is a rectangular parallelepiped structure, comprising a front panel, a rear panel, a left panel, a right panel, an upper cover, and a lower base. The installation box 2 is internally provided with a positioning chip and an independent power supply. The positioning chip allows the installation box 2 to be located, making it easier to find the installation box 2 after the aircraft 1 crashes. The independent power supply can power the electronic components within the installation box 2 after the aircraft 1 crashes.

[0052] In some embodiments of the present application, Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown, the aircraft 1 includes a main body and four flying wings. Four connecting frames are provided around the main body, and the four flying wings are connected to the four connecting frames respectively. The mounting plate 4 is located at the bottom of the main body and is an integral structure with the main body. The safety parachute assembly is installed on the upper surface of the main body.

[0053] In some embodiments of the present application, the first limiting member and the second limiting member are block-shaped limiting structures 14, the first mounting groove and the second mounting groove are two relatively arranged rectangular grooves, the depth of the rectangular groove is greater than the height of the block-shaped limiting structure 14, or, the first mounting groove and the second mounting groove are an integrated structure, and the first mounting groove and the second mounting groove together constitute an annular groove, the depth of the annular groove is greater than the height of the block-shaped limiting structure 14.

[0054] In some embodiments of the present application, the movable plug 17 is a rubber part, the movable cavity is a cylindrical chamber with an open upper end, the movable plug 17 and the inner wall of the movable cavity are tightly fitted, and a through hole for balancing the air pressure is provided at the bottom of the movable cavity.

[0055] In some embodiments of the present application, Figure 5 As shown, a circular pressure block and a buffer pad 13 are provided in the mounting hole. The circular pressure block and the mounting hole have an interference fit. The circular pressure block presses the first and second limiters into the first and second mounting grooves, respectively, to ensure that the connection between the mounting box 2 and the aircraft 1 is maintained. When the aircraft 1 falls, the gas storage assembly inflates the movable chamber through the first vent hole. The movable plug 17 applies a pulling force to the first and second limiters under the action of the gas pressure. When the pulling force is greater than the friction between the first limiter and the circular pressure block, the first limiter slips out of the first mounting groove. When the pulling force is greater than the friction between the second limiter and the circular pressure block, the second limiter slips out of the second mounting groove. An annular positioning groove is also provided in the mounting hole. The buffer pad 13 is installed in the annular positioning groove. The buffer pad 13 is made of rubber and abuts against the upper surface of the circular pressure block. By providing the buffer pad 13, the vibration resistance of the entire measuring device can be improved, making the aircraft 1 more stable during flight.

[0056] In some embodiments of the present application, the partition is a circular plate, which is fixed on the inner wall of the movable cavity, and the outer peripheral surface of the circular plate is tightly fitted with the inner wall of the movable cavity, the sliding shaft 16 and the first perforated gap are matched, the first hinge and the second hinge are a plate-like hinge structure 15, and one end of the plate-like hinge structure 15 is rotatably connected to the sliding shaft 16.

[0057] In the above-described embodiment of the present application, the aircraft 1 and the installation box 2 are connected via multiple release assemblies. When the aircraft 1 falls due to airflow or a malfunction, the gas storage assembly injects gas into the first vent hole in the connecting column 6. The gas flows through the first vent hole into the space between the partition and the movable plug 17 in the movable chamber. Under the action of the gas pressure, the movable plug 17 moves toward the side away from the partition. As the movable plug 17 moves, it drives the first and second hinges via the slide shaft 16. The movement of the first hinge drives the first stopper out of the first mounting groove, and the movement of the second hinge drives the second stopper out of the second mounting groove, thereby separating the connecting column 6 and the mounting plate 4, and further separating the installation box 2 from the aircraft 1. With this structure, when the aircraft 1 falls, the installation box 2 can be separated from the aircraft 1, allowing the installation box 2 to fall independently. Compared to a structure in which the aircraft 1 and the installation box 2 fall together, the instantaneous kinetic energy generated by the installation box 2 when it falls alone and hits the ground is smaller, thereby reducing the risk of damage to the polarization camera inside the installation box 2.

[0058] In some embodiments of the present application, Figure 7 、 Figure 8 、 Figure 9 、 Figure 10 and Figure 11As shown, the front and rear sides of the installation box 2 are respectively provided with a first hole and a second hole, the lens 5 is located in the first hole and has a clearance fit with the first hole, and the memory is located in the second hole and has a clearance fit with the second hole; a first support plate 19, a second support plate 22 and a first spring are provided in the installation box 2, the camera body 20 is fixedly connected to the first support plate 19, one end of the first spring is connected to the first support plate 19, and the other end of the first spring is connected to the second support plate 22, and the first spring is used to apply an elastic force to the first support plate 19 toward the second support plate 22; a first rack 34, a gear, a second rack 29 and a support column 21 are also provided in the installation box 2, the support column 21 and the second support plate 22 are fixedly connected, the gear rotates relative to the support column 21, the first rack 34 and the second rack 29 are both engaged with the gear, the end of the first rack 34 is fixedly connected to the first support plate 19, and the end of the second rack 29 is fixedly connected to the memory.

[0059] It is understood that when the installation box 2 falls, the tension of the first spring can drive the first support plate 19 to move the polarization camera toward the second support plate 22, allowing the polarization camera's lens 5 to retract into the installation box 2, reducing the risk of damage to the lens 5 during the fall of the installation box 2. Simultaneously, when the first support plate 19 moves toward the second support plate 22, it can drive the first rack 34 toward the side where the storage device is located. The movement of the first rack 34 drives the gear to rotate forward, and the forward rotation of the gear drives the second rack 29 toward the side where the polarization camera is located, thereby retracting the storage device into the box, reducing the risk of damage to the storage device during the fall of the installation box 2. Furthermore, when the gear rotates in the reverse direction, it can extend the polarization camera's lens 5, facilitating the polarization camera's acquisition of terrain information. Reverse rotation of the gear can also extend the storage device, facilitating heat dissipation from the storage device by utilizing the airflow generated by the wings of the aircraft 1 when in operation, thereby improving the storage device's heat dissipation performance and preventing a decrease in operating efficiency due to heat generation. Furthermore, with the above structure, the polarization camera and the memory can be synchronously extended to the outside of the installation box 2 or retracted to the inside of the installation box 2, thereby improving the convenience of operating the measuring device.

[0060] In some embodiments of the present application, the first support plate 19 and the second support plate 22 are parallel to each other, the first rack 34 is perpendicular to the surface of the first support plate 19 , and the second rack 29 and the first rack 34 are parallel to each other.

[0061] In some embodiments of the present application, a guide member 26 is further provided within the mounting box 2. One end of the guide member 26 is fixedly connected to the second support plate 22. A fourth through-hole is provided on the first support plate 19, and the guide member 26 is inserted into the fourth through-hole and fits into the fourth through-hole. This structure, through the guide member 26, limits the position of the first support plate 19, ensuring greater stability during movement of the first support plate 19, thereby further stabilizing the movement of the polarization camera and storage device.

[0062] In some embodiments of the present application, when a polarization camera is used to collect terrain information, the lens 5 of the polarization camera extends outside the installation box 2, and the storage extends outside the installation box 2. When the aircraft 1 and the installation box 2 fall, the lens 5 of the polarization camera and the storage retract into the interior of the installation box 2.

[0063] In some embodiments of the present application, a hook assembly 24 is further provided in the installation box 2; the hook assembly 24 includes a fixed shaft, a torsion spring and a limit hook, the fixed shaft and the installation box 2 are fixedly connected, the limit hook includes a connecting part and a hook part, one end of the connecting part is rotatably connected to the fixed shaft, and the other end of the connecting part is connected to the hook part, the torsion spring is sleeved on the fixed shaft, one end of the torsion spring is connected to the fixed shaft, and the other end of the torsion spring is connected to the connecting part; a slot with an upward opening is provided on the first support plate 19, the slot is arranged to penetrate in a direction perpendicular to the front surface of the first support plate 19, the connecting part is arranged in the slot, the fixed shaft and the hook part are respectively located on both sides of the first support plate 19, and the hook part is used to cooperate with the first support plate 19 to limit the movement of the first support plate 19 toward the second support plate 22. With this structure, under the action of the torsion spring, the connecting portion of the limit hook can be pressed against the bottom surface of the slot, and the hook portion of the limit hook can cooperate with the first support plate 19 to limit the position, so that the hook assembly 24 can be used to limit the movement of the first support plate 19 toward the second support plate 22, thereby avoiding the first support plate 19 from moving toward the second support plate 22 under the action of the first spring when using the polarization camera to collect terrain information, thereby driving the lens 5 and storage of the polarization camera to retract into the interior of the installation box 2.

[0064] In some embodiments of the present application, the fixed shaft can be fixed to the side wall of the installation box 2 using screws.

[0065] In some embodiments of the present application, two hook assemblies 24 are provided, and the two hook assemblies 24 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the first support plate 19 .

[0066] In some embodiments of the present application, Figure 9As shown, a pressing assembly 25 is also provided in the installation box 2, and the pressing assembly 25 includes a cylinder and a second spring, a pressing shaft 30 and a closing plate 31 arranged in the cylinder. A first air inlet is provided at the bottom of the cylinder, and a first exhaust hole is provided on the side wall of the cylinder. A second air vent is also provided in the connecting column 6, one end of the second air vent is connected to the active cavity, and the other end of the second air vent is connected to the first air inlet; a second through-hole is provided at the top of the cylinder, and the closing plate 31 includes a horizontal plate and a vertical plate, the other end of the pressing shaft 30 extends through the second through-hole, the pressing shaft 30 corresponds to the hook portion, and the other end of the pressing shaft 30 is inserted into the second through-hole, the horizontal plate and the vertical plate are fixedly connected and perpendicular to each other, and the second spring is sleeved on the outer periphery of the pressing shaft 30; when the second spring is in a free state, the vertical plate closes the first exhaust hole.

[0067] It is understood that the gas inputted into the connecting column 6 by the gas storage assembly can be input into the interior of the cylinder through the second vent and the first air inlet. When the gas is input into the cylinder, the gas can exert pressure on the closing plate 31, causing the closing plate 31 to move away from the first air inlet. When the closing plate 31 moves, it drives the pressing shaft 30 to move upward, exerting a thrust on the hook portion of the limit hook, causing the limit hook to rotate upward and disengage from the slot. At this time, the first support plate 19 and the hook portion are no longer mutually restrained. The first support plate 19 can move toward the second support plate 22 under the tension of the first spring, thereby driving the polarization camera lens 5 and storage device to retract into the box. The movement of the closing plate 31 also squeezes the second spring, causing it to compress. At the same time, the movement of the longitudinal plate opens the first exhaust hole, connecting the first air inlet hole and the first exhaust hole.

[0068] In some embodiments of the present application, Figure 8 and 10As shown, an installation cavity is provided in the support column 21, and a third through-hole is provided in the bottom wall of the installation cavity, and a second air inlet hole and a second exhaust hole are provided in the side wall of the installation cavity, and the second air inlet hole and the first exhaust hole are connected; a screw 33, a sleeve 32, a guide rod, a closing plug 37 and a third spring are provided in the installation cavity, one end of the screw 33 extends through the third through-hole and is fixedly connected to the gear, the screw 33 and the gear are coaxially arranged, the other end of the screw 33 extends into the sleeve 32 and is threadedly engaged with the sleeve 32, the guide rod is fixed on the inner wall of the installation cavity, and the sleeve 32 and the guide rod are slidably connected; the outer periphery of the closing plug 37 fits against the side wall of the installation cavity to separate the installation cavity into an upper chamber and a lower chamber, the third spring is located in the upper chamber, the sleeve 32 is located in the lower chamber, and the sleeve 32 and the closing plug 37 abut, the second air inlet hole and the upper chamber are connected, and the second exhaust hole and the lower chamber are connected. In this way, when the first rack 34 drives the gear to rotate, the gear can also drive the screw 33 to rotate. The rotation of the screw 33 drives the sleeve 32 to slide along its axial direction. As the sleeve 32 slides, it applies a thrust to the sealing plug 37, causing it to move upward. When the height of the sealing plug 37 exceeds the second air inlet, the second air inlet and the second air outlet are connected. With this structure, the sleeve 32 and screw 33 can position the gear, improving the stability of the gear movement. The guide rod can also limit the sleeve 32, improving its stability.

[0069] In some embodiments of the present application, the installation cavity is a cylindrical cavity, and the closing plug 37 fits tightly against the inner wall of the installation cavity.

[0070] In some embodiments of the present application, two guide rods are provided, and the two guide rods are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the sleeve 32 .

[0071] In some embodiments of the present application, the second air inlet is connected to an air inlet pipe 27, the second air outlet is connected to an air outlet pipe 28, the second air inlet and the first air outlet are connected via the air inlet pipe 27, and the second air outlet and the inflation chamber are connected via the air outlet pipe 28.

[0072] In some embodiments of the present application, Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the upper surface of the installation box 2 is provided with an arc-shaped plate 12, and the surface of the arc-shaped plate 12 is provided with an elastic strip 7. The elastic strip 7 has an interior provided with an inflation chamber, which is connected to the second exhaust hole. With this structure, after gas enters the inflation chamber through the second exhaust hole, the elastic strip 7 will expand. After the elastic strip 7 expands, it can apply thrust to the installation plate 4, thereby assisting the connection column 6 to separate from the installation plate 4 and ensuring that the installation box 2 can be stably separated from the aircraft 1. In addition, the safety parachute assembly 11 on the installation box 2 is provided on the lower surface of the installation box 2. Therefore, when the installation box 2 falls, the installation box 2 will be inverted, so that the elastic strip 7 can be located at the bottom of the installation box 2. Therefore, the elastic strip 7 can be used to contact and buffer the ground, thereby improving the protective effect of the installation box 2.

[0073] In some embodiments of the present application, the elastic strip 7 is made of rubber.

[0074] In some embodiments of the present application, Figure 2 、 Figure 7 、 Figure 11 and Figure 12 As shown, the memory device includes a memory card 9 and a carrier plate 10. The carrier plate 10 is inserted into the second hole and fixedly connected to the second rack 29. The memory card 9 is mounted on the carrier plate 10. The carrier plate 10 is provided with an elastic conductive sheet 8, which is electrically connected to the memory card 9. The mounting box 2 also includes a carrier bracket 35 with a slide groove on the carrier bracket 35. The carrier plate 10 slides into the slide groove. This structure can improve the stability of the memory device.

[0075] In some embodiments of the present application, Figure 11 As shown, the support bracket 35 is also equipped with a wiring board 36. The support bracket 35 comprises two support risers and two support bars. The two support bars are mounted on the two support risers, and the wiring board 36 is mounted on each of the two support bars. The support risers are provided with a transverse support platform, and the storage carrier board 10 is mounted on the transverse support platform. The wiring board 36 has an internal copper plate and is electrically connected to the MCU built into the polarization camera.

[0076] In some embodiments of the present application, Figure 12 As shown, the memory card 9 has metal contacts, and the terminal board 36 is provided with metal contacts. One end of the elastic conductive sheet 8 slides and fits with the metal contacts on the memory card 9, and the other end slides and fits with the metal contacts on the terminal board 36. The metal contacts on the terminal board 36 and the copper plate are an integrated structure.

[0077] In some embodiments of the present application, Figure 12As shown, the memory card 9 further includes a pressing member 3 and a screw. A card slot is provided on the carrier plate 10, and a threaded hole is provided on the bottom wall of the card slot. The pressing member 3 is provided with a fastening hole. The screw extends through the fastening hole and is threadedly connected to the threaded hole. The memory card 9 is pressed between the pressing member 3 and the carrier plate 10. This structure can improve the stability of the installation of the memory card 9.

[0078] In some embodiments of the present application, a plurality of pressing members 3 are provided. By pressing the memory card 9 onto the carrier plate 10 through the plurality of pressing members 3 , the stability of the installation of the memory card 9 can be further improved.

[0079] In some embodiments of the present application, Figure 6 、 Figure 7 and Figure 11 As shown, the gas storage assembly includes a mounting tube 23 and a gas tank 18. The mounting tube 23 is fixedly connected to the mounting box 2. The gas tank 18 is installed inside the mounting tube 23 and is threadedly connected to the mounting tube 23. A push switch is provided at the end of the gas tank 18, an air outlet is provided on the side wall of the mounting tube 23, and a solenoid valve is provided on the outer wall of the mounting tube 23. The air inlet end of the solenoid valve is connected to the air outlet, and the air outlet end of the solenoid valve is connected to the first air vent. When the gas tank 18 is installed in the mounting tube 23, the push switch on the gas tank 18 and the protrusion on the inner wall of the mounting tube 23 contact and squeeze, so that the gas in the gas tank 18 can be filled into the mounting tube 23. With this structure, the gas tank 18 is fixed by the mounting tube 23, which can improve the stability of the installation of the gas tank 18. The electromagnetic valve can control the connection between the air outlet of the mounting tube 23 and the first air vent, so that when the aircraft 1 falls, the electromagnetic valve can control the gas tank 18 to fill the connecting column 6 with gas, thereby controlling the separation of the mounting box 2 and the aircraft 1, controlling the lens 5 and storage of the polarization camera to shrink into the mounting box 2, and controlling the elastic strip 7 to expand.

[0080] In some embodiments of the present application, the solenoid valve can be connected to the control chip built into the aircraft 1, so that when the gyroscope of the aircraft 1 detects that the aircraft 1 is in a falling state, the control chip can control the solenoid valve to open, thereby controlling the flow of gas.

[0081] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like to indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0082] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of the technical features being referred to. Thus, a feature identified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0083] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "connect," "fixed," etc. should be understood broadly. For example, they may refer to fixed connection, detachable connection, or integration; mechanical connection or electrical connection; direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium; internal communication between two components or interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0084] The above is a further detailed description of the present invention in conjunction with specific preferred embodiments, and the specific implementation of the present invention should not be considered to be limited to these descriptions. For those skilled in the art of the present invention, without departing from the concept of the present invention, several simple deductions or substitutions can be made, which should be considered to fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An airborne polarization three-dimensional topographic measurement device, characterized in that: The device comprises an aircraft and an installation box, wherein both the aircraft and the installation box are provided with a safety parachute assembly, and the installation box is provided with a polarization camera, a memory, and an air storage component, wherein the polarization camera is communicatively connected to the memory; A mounting plate is provided at the bottom of the aircraft, a plurality of tripping assemblies are provided on the mounting box, and the plurality of tripping assemblies are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the mounting box, and the mounting plate and the mounting box are connected via the tripping assemblies; The trip assembly includes a connecting column, a movable plug, a sliding shaft, a piston spring, a first hinge, a second hinge, a first limiter, and a second limiter. The mounting plate is provided with a mounting hole, the upper end of the connecting column extends into the mounting hole, the hole wall of the mounting hole is provided with a first mounting groove and a second mounting groove, the first limiter and the second limiter are respectively located in the first mounting groove and the second mounting groove; A movable chamber is provided in the connecting column, the upper end of the movable chamber is open, a partition is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the movable chamber, a first through-hole is provided on the partition, the sliding shaft is inserted into the first through-hole, the lower end of the sliding shaft is fixedly connected to the movable plug, one end of the first hinge is connected to the first limit member, the other end of the first hinge is rotatably connected to the upper end of the sliding shaft, one end of the second hinge is connected to the second limit member, the other end of the second hinge is rotatably connected to the upper end of the sliding shaft, the piston spring is sleeved on the sliding shaft, and the piston spring is located between the partition and the movable plug; A first vent hole is further provided in the connecting column, one end of the first vent hole is communicated with the movable cavity and is located between the partition and the movable plug, and the other end of the first vent hole is communicated with the gas storage assembly.

2. The airborne polarization three-dimensional topographic measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The polarization camera includes a camera body and a lens. The front side and the rear side of the mounting box are respectively provided with a first hole and a second hole. The lens is located in the first hole and has a clearance fit with the first hole. The memory is located in the second hole and has a clearance fit with the second hole. A first support plate, a second support plate, and a first spring are provided in the installation box. The camera body is fixedly connected to the first support plate. One end of the first spring is connected to the first support plate, and the other end of the first spring is connected to the second support plate. The first spring is used to apply an elastic force to the first support plate toward the second support plate. The mounting box is also provided with a first rack, a gear, a second rack and a support column. The support column is fixedly connected to the second support plate. The gear rotates relative to the support column. The first rack and the second rack are both engaged with the gear. The end of the first rack is fixedly connected to the first support plate, and the end of the second rack is fixedly connected to the storage.

3. The airborne polarization three-dimensional topographic measurement device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The installation box is also provided with a hook assembly; The hook assembly includes a fixed shaft, a torsion spring and a limiting hook, the fixed shaft is fixedly connected to the installation box, the limiting hook includes a connecting portion and a hook portion, one end of the connecting portion is rotatably connected to the fixed shaft, and the other end of the connecting portion is connected to the hook portion, the torsion spring is sleeved on the fixed shaft, one end of the torsion spring is connected to the fixed shaft, and the other end of the torsion spring is connected to the connecting portion; A card slot with an upward opening is provided on the first support plate, and the card slot is arranged to penetrate in a direction perpendicular to the front surface of the first support plate. The connecting portion is arranged in the card slot, and the fixed shaft and the hook portion are respectively located on both sides of the first support plate. The hook portion is used to cooperate with the first support plate to limit the movement of the first support plate toward the second support plate.

4. The airborne polarization three-dimensional topography measurement device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The installation box is further provided with a pressing assembly, which includes a cylinder and a second spring, a pressing shaft and a closing plate arranged in the cylinder. The bottom of the cylinder is provided with a first air inlet hole, the side wall of the cylinder is provided with a first exhaust hole, and the connecting column is further provided with a second air vent hole. One end of the second air vent hole is connected to the active cavity, and the other end of the second air vent hole is connected to the first air inlet hole. A second through-hole is provided on the top of the cylinder, the closing plate includes a horizontal plate and a vertical plate, one end of the pressing shaft is connected to the horizontal plate, the other end of the pressing shaft extends through the second through-hole, the pressing shaft corresponds to the hook portion, the horizontal plate and the vertical plate are fixedly connected and perpendicular to each other, and the second spring is sleeved on the outer circumference of the pressing shaft; When the second spring is in a free state, the vertical plate closes the first exhaust hole.

5. The airborne polarization three-dimensional topography measurement device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A mounting cavity is provided in the support column, a third through-hole is provided on the bottom wall of the mounting cavity, a second air inlet hole and a second air outlet hole are provided on the side wall of the mounting cavity, and the second air inlet hole is connected to the first air outlet hole; A screw, a sleeve, a guide rod, a closing plug, and a third spring are provided in the installation cavity. One end of the screw extends through the third through-hole and is fixedly connected to the gear. The screw and the gear are coaxially arranged. The other end of the screw extends into the sleeve and is threadedly engaged with the sleeve. The guide rod is fixed to the inner wall of the installation cavity. The sleeve and the guide rod are slidably connected. The outer periphery of the closing plug is fitted with the side wall of the installation cavity to divide the installation cavity into an upper chamber and a lower chamber. The third spring is located in the upper chamber, the sleeve is located in the lower chamber, and the sleeve and the closing plug are abutted. The second air inlet is connected to the upper chamber, and the second exhaust hole is connected to the lower chamber.

6. The airborne polarization three-dimensional topographic measurement device according to claim 5, characterized in that: An arc-shaped plate is provided on the upper surface of the installation box, an elastic strip is provided on the surface of the arc-shaped plate, an air-filled cavity is provided inside the elastic strip, and the air-filled cavity is connected to the second exhaust hole.

7. The airborne polarization three-dimensional topographic measurement device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The memory includes a memory card and a carrier plate, the carrier plate is inserted into the second hole and fixedly connected to the second rack, the memory card is mounted on the carrier plate, and an elastic conductive sheet is provided on the carrier plate, and the elastic conductive sheet is electrically connected to the memory card; A bearing bracket is further provided in the installation box. A sliding groove is provided on the bearing bracket. The bearing plate is slidably connected in the sliding groove.

8. The airborne polarization three-dimensional topographic measurement device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The memory also includes a pressing member and a screw. A card slot is provided on the carrier plate, a threaded hole is provided on the bottom wall of the card slot, and a fastening hole is provided on the pressing member. The screw extends through the fastening hole and is threadedly connected to the threaded hole. The memory card is pressed between the pressing member and the carrier plate.

9. The airborne polarization three-dimensional topographic measurement device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A guide member is further provided in the installation box, one end of which is fixedly connected to the second support plate. A fourth through-hole is provided on the first support plate, and the guide member is inserted into the fourth through-hole and is loosely fitted with the fourth through-hole.

10. The airborne polarization three-dimensional topographic measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas storage assembly includes a mounting tube and a gas storage tank, the mounting tube and the mounting box are fixedly connected, and the gas storage tank is installed inside the mounting tube and is threadedly connected to the mounting tube; A push switch is provided at the end of the gas storage tank, an air outlet is provided on the side wall of the mounting tube, and an electromagnetic valve is provided on the outer wall of the mounting tube. The air inlet end of the electromagnetic valve is connected to the air outlet, and the air outlet end of the electromagnetic valve is connected to the first air vent.

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