Unpowered holding and clamping equipment

Abstract

The invention provides unpowered holding and clamping equipment. By means of the structure, the large-size single solid objects needing to be loaded and unloaded are simply protected and packaged, or the small-size single objects are stacked and packaged according to a certain shape, then the outer frame is arranged above the objects in a sleeved mode, then the objects can be lifted or moved in a short distance through any lifting equipment, and therefore the objects can be lifted or moved in a short distance through the lifting equipment. When the objects are carried, a bracket does not need to be installed at the bottoms of the objects, a packaging box with a carrying function does not need to be used for packaging the objects, meanwhile, the objects can be loaded, unloaded and stacked only by arranging simple lifting equipment without a clamping function at the loading and unloading site, and therefore the logistics transportation and logistics cost is reduced; the invention belongs to the technical field of carrying equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of handling equipment, and particularly relates to a non-powered clamping device. Background Art

[0002] In industrial production and the construction of structures, the handling of materials is inevitable. The current methods used are carrier-loaded transportation or carrier-free stacking transportation by powered clamping. However, both of these methods have inherent limitations. Firstly, when using the carrier-loaded transportation method, the cost of the carrier is either directly added to the goods and borne by the purchaser, or the seller recycles and reuses it, but it still requires turnover costs. Secondly, when using the carrier-free stacking transportation by powered clamping, this requires both the loading and unloading locations to be equipped with powered clamping devices simultaneously to complete the loading, unloading, and secondary transfer of goods. The structure of the powered clamping is complex, and at the same time, a hydraulic device, a pneumatic device, or an electric device is required to provide corresponding power to the clamping, resulting in a relatively high cost of the equipment and an increase in handling costs. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a non-powered clamping device to solve the technical defects described in the background art.

[0004] The non-powered clamping device includes:

[0005] An outer frame, in which at least two sides are symmetrically provided with inner clamping plates that can move closer to or away from each other. One of the inner clamping plates is connected to a first linkage rod by a bearing, and the other inner clamping plate is connected to a second linkage rod by a bearing. The outer end of the first linkage rod is hinged to the outer end of the second linkage rod through a pull shaft. The included angle formed by the hinge connection of the first linkage rod and the second linkage rod is set with the opening facing downwards, and a pull rod is also connected to the pull shaft by a bearing;

[0006] A lifting frame, the top of the lifting frame is provided with a hanging ear for quickly connecting to a lifting device. The lifting frame can move above the outer frame, and the lifting frame is provided with a suspension cable connected to the pull rod;

[0007] When handling an object, by sleeving the outer frame on the object so that the inner clamping plates are located on both sides of the object. Thereafter, the lifting device can lift the lifting frame through the hanging ear. At this time, the suspension cable pulls the pull rod to rise, and the pull rod pulls the hinge end of the first linkage rod and the second linkage rod, causing the first linkage rod and the second linkage rod to pull all the inner clamping plates closer to each other, thereby clamping the article and lifting the article.

[0008] Based on the above technical solutions, the present invention achieves the following beneficial effects:

[0009] When the power-free clamping device provided by the present invention is applied, it only needs to simply protect and package a single solid object with a relatively large volume to be loaded and unloaded, or stack and pack single objects with a relatively small volume in a certain shape. Then, the outer frame is sleeved from above the object. After that, any lifting device can be used to lift or move the object over a short distance. Therefore, when handling these objects, there is no need to install a bracket at the bottom of the object, no need to pack the object using a packing box with a load-bearing function, and at the same time, only a simple lifting device without a clamping function needs to be set at the loading and unloading locations to achieve the loading, unloading, and stacking of the object, thereby reducing logistics transportation and logistics costs.

[0010] To further optimize the above technical solution, optionally, one or more of the following embodiments can be combined without conflict.

[0011] In some embodiments, a tough and wear-resistant rubber part for contacting the object is installed on the inner clamping plate to increase the friction between the inner clamping plate and the object.

[0012] Based on the above technical solution, the present invention further achieves the following beneficial effects:

[0013] When the inner clamping plate clamps the object, it can effectively protect the object; in addition, it can also increase the friction between the inner clamping plate 2 and the object, so that the inner clamping plate can clamp the object more stably.

[0014] In some embodiments, the outer wall of the inner clamping plate is connected to an outer linkage rod through a bearing. The outer linkage rod is arranged obliquely upward, and the outer end of the outer linkage rod is connected to the outer frame through a shaft.

[0015] Based on the above technical solution, the invention further achieves the following beneficial effects:

[0016] 1. When the lifting device hoists the lifting frame through the hanging ear, the outer frame falls by its own weight and pushes the inner clamping plates to approach each other, so as to generate an initial clamping force on the object and push the object to adjust the relative position;

[0017] 2. After the object and the outer frame leave the ground, the outer frame applies a clamping force to the object through its own weight by the inner clamping plate. At the same time, the inner clamping plate is linked with another adjacent inner clamping plate through the hinge connection of the first linkage rod and the second linkage rod to clamp the object. At this time, as the externally applied lifting force increases, all the clamping component forces generated on the inner clamping plate uniformly point to the center of the object, and the clamping force is adjusted by the self-weight of the object;

[0018] 3. When the inner clamping plates approach each other, it can effectively avoid the situation of empty clamping.

[0019] In some embodiments, a horizontal support beam is provided on the outer wall of the inner clamping plate, and the horizontal support beam is used to limit the first linkage rod, the second linkage rod, and the outer linkage rod from crossing the horizontal line when moving;

[0020] Based on the above technical solution, the present invention further achieves the following beneficial effects:

[0021] 1. When the outer frame falls by its own weight and pushes the outer linkage rod to bring the inner clamping plates closer to each other, it can prevent the outer linkage rod from crossing the horizontal line and mistakenly pushing the inner clamping plates to open each other, resulting in the inability to clamp the item;

[0022] 2. When the inner clamping plates open to release the item, it can effectively prevent the first linkage rod and the second linkage rod from pushing across the horizontal line to push the inner clamping plates closer to each other and mistakenly clamping the item again, resulting in the inability to take out the item.

[0023] In some embodiments, there are at least 4 inner clamping plates in the outer frame that are symmetrically arranged and have the same contact surface as the item;

[0024] Based on the above technical solution, the present invention further achieves the following beneficial effects:

[0025] When clamping the item, by symmetrically clamping the item, the item can be evenly stressed, so as to more stably clamp the item. At the same time, it can also prevent the item from being damaged due to uneven stress.

[0026] In some embodiments, when the outer frame falls and pushes the inner clamping plates to move inward, the outer frame pushes the outer linkage rod by its own weight. At this time, the horizontal angle a of the outer linkage rod ≤ 45°;

[0027] Based on the above technical solution, the present invention further achieves the following beneficial effects:

[0028] 1. During the process of the inner clamping plates clamping the item, when the horizontal angle a of the outer linkage rod is 45°, the maximum component thrust can be generated on the inner clamping plates, so as to more stably clamp the item;

[0029] 2. Limiting the horizontal angle of the outer linkage rod within 45° can effectively prevent the inner clamping plates from being in a clamped state, making it difficult to release the item.

[0030] In some embodiments, a number of linkage rod adjustment holes for connecting with the pull shaft bearing are provided at the outer ends of the first linkage rod and the second linkage rod;

[0031] The outer frame includes a top bracket and lower beams located at the four corners of the top bracket. Adjusting plates are provided at the four corners of the top bracket. The adjusting plates are provided with a number of adjustment holes. The lower beams are provided with mounting screws fixed to any one of the adjustment holes. Telescopic support rods are provided between two adjacent lower beams. The telescopic support rods are provided with a locking mechanism for fixing the length. The outer ends of the outer linkage rods are axially connected to the lower beams;

[0032] Based on the above technical solution, the present invention further achieves the following beneficial effects: It is possible to adjust the size of the outer frame by adjusting the position of the lower beam so as to adjust the maximum distance between the inner clamping plates, thereby adapting to articles of different sizes.

[0033] In some embodiments, the lifting frame is provided with guide columns. The guide columns are provided with jacks. The outer frame is provided with guide sleeves. The guide sleeves are provided with elastic pins. The guide columns pass through the guide sleeves. The elastic pins are used to slide on the guide columns and can enter the jacks;

[0034] After the lifting equipment places the article to be clamped on the support plane, the article restricts the descent of the outer frame through the inner clamping plates, and the lifting equipment continues to drive the lifting frame to descend. At this time, the guide columns slide within the guide sleeves until the elastic pins enter the jacks to lock the guide columns and the guide sleeves. Subsequently, the lifting equipment hoists the lifting frame, and the lifting frame drives the outer frame to rise. The outer frame pulls the inner clamping plates to open outwards through the outer linkage rods, thereby loosening the clamping of the article. At this time, the outer frame and the inner clamping plates are removed from and separated from the article;

[0035] Based on the above technical solution, the present invention further achieves the following beneficial effects:

[0036] 1. After the article is transported to the target position, the power of the lifting equipment can be used to drive the inner clamping plates to loosen the clamping of the article, realizing automatic release of the clamping of the article during the lowering process of the frame, and removing and separating the outer frame from the article, thereby further improving the handling and stacking efficiency;

[0037] 2. There is no need to provide a power source on the outer frame to drive the inner clamping plates to clamp the article, thereby further reducing the manufacturing cost of the equipment.

[0038] In some embodiments, the angle b between the outer linkage rod and the inner clamping plate is ≥50°. The angle between the first linkage rod on the inner clamping plate and the horizontal line is c, and the angle between the second linkage rod on the inner clamping plate and the horizontal line is d. c, d ≤ 30°;

[0039] Based on the above technical solution, the present invention further achieves the following beneficial effects:

[0040] 1. The angle b between the outer linkage rod and the inner clamping plate is ≥50°, which can effectively prevent the inner clamping plates from being locked;

[0041] 2. When the article is lifted, c, d = ≤ 30°, which can effectively ensure that the inner clamping plate generates a component force sufficient to lift the article.

[0042] In some embodiments, when the size of the article is 1200m * 1200m * 1200m, the weight is 3.1t, and the static friction coefficient with the inner clamping plate is 0.6 - 1.0, c, d = 26°, there are 4 inner clamping plates arranged in the outer frame, and the contact area of a single inner clamping plate with the article is 4000 cm 2 ;

[0043] Based on the above technical solution, the present invention further achieves the following beneficial effects:

[0044] When the article is lifted, the clamping component force coefficient generated by the inner clamping plate on the article is 1 - 26 / 90 = 0.711. This component force coefficient is greater than the minimum value of the static friction coefficient between the article and the inner clamping plate, so the generated clamping component force is sufficient to lift the article. The pressure on the article due to the maximum clamping force = 3.1 * 1000 * 10 / (4000 * 4) = 1.9375 Mpa, and the result is less than the minimum value of the normal force on the article, which is 0.45 = 30 * 0.45 = 13.5 Mpa. Therefore, it is safe and reliable when the inner clamping plate holds the article and lifts it. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly describe the drawings and reference numerals required in the description of the specific embodiments.

[0046] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 2 is Figure 1 a partial enlarged view of the Z part shown;

[0048] Figure 3 is a front view of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 4 is a bottom view of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the force analysis when the present invention holds and lifts the article;

[0051] Figure 6 is a bottom view of the inner clamping plate of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the position of the elastic bolt of the present invention.

[0053] Reference Numerals:

[0054] 1. Outer frame; 11. Top support; 12. Position adjustment plate; 13. Adjustment hole; 14. Installation screw; 15. Lower beam; 16. Telescopic support rod; 17. Locking mechanism; 2. Inner clamping plate; 21. First linkage rod; 22. Second linkage rod; 23. Pulling shaft; 24. Pulling rod; 25. Tough wear-resistant rubber part; 26. Outer linkage rod; 27. Horizontal support beam; 28. Linkage rod position adjustment hole; 3. Lifting frame; 31. Hanging ear; 32. Suspension cable; 4. Guide post; 41. Jack; 42. Guide sleeve; 43. Elastic bolt; 5. Article. Detailed implementation manner

[0055] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer and more obvious, the present detailed implementation manner will further describe the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0056] As Figures 1 to 7 shown, the present detailed implementation manner provides a non-powered clamping device, which includes:

[0057] An outer frame 1, and at least two sides inside the outer frame 1 are symmetrically provided with inner clamping plates 2 that can move closer to or away from each other. The inner clamping plate 2 on one side is connected by a bearing to the first linkage rod 21, and the inner clamping plate 2 on the other side is connected by a bearing to the second linkage rod 22. The outer end shaft of the first linkage rod 21 is hingedly connected to the outer end of the second linkage rod 22 through a pulling shaft 23. The included angle formed by the hinge connection of the first linkage rod 21 and the second linkage rod 22 is set with the opening facing downwards, and a pulling rod 24 is also connected by a bearing to the pulling shaft 23;

[0058] A lifting frame 3, the top of the lifting frame 3 is provided with a hanging ear 31 for quickly connecting with a lifting device. The lifting frame 3 can move above the outer frame 1, and the lifting frame 3 is provided with a suspension cable 32 connected to the pulling rod 24;

[0059] When carrying an object, by sleeving the outer frame 1 on the object, the inner clamping plates 2 are located on both sides of the object. After that, the lifting device can be used to lift the lifting frame 3 through the hanging ear 31. At this time, the suspension cable 32 pulls the pulling rod 24 to rise, and the pulling rod 24 pulls the hinge ends of the first linkage rod 21 and the second linkage rod 22, so that the first linkage rod 21 and the second linkage rod 22 pull all the inner clamping plates 2 to move closer to each other, thereby clamping the article 5 and lifting the article 5.

[0060] When the non-powered clamping device is applied, it only needs to simply protect and package the single-piece solid object with a relatively large volume to be loaded and unloaded, or stack and pack the single-piece object with a relatively small volume in a certain shape. Then, the outer frame 1 is sleeved from above the article 5. After that, any lifting device can be used to lift or move the article over a short distance. Therefore, when handling these articles 5, there is no need to install a bracket at the bottom of the article 5, no need to pack the article 5 using a packing box with a load-bearing function, and at the same time, only a simple lifting device without a clamping function needs to be set at the loading and unloading locations to achieve the loading, unloading, and stacking of the article 5, thereby reducing the logistics transportation and logistics costs.

[0061] In some embodiments, the inner clamping plate 2 is provided with a tough and wear-resistant rubber member 25 for contacting the article 5 to increase the friction between the inner clamping plate 2 and the article 5.

[0062] When the inner clamping plate 2 clamps the article 5, it can effectively protect the article 5; in addition, it can also increase the friction between the inner clamping plate 2 and the article 5, so that the inner clamping plate 2 can more stably clamp the article 5.

[0063] In some embodiments, the outer wall of the inner clamping plate 2 is connected to the outer linkage rod 26 by a bearing. The outer linkage rod 26 is inclined upward, and the outer end of the outer linkage rod 26 is connected to the outer frame 1 by a shaft.

[0064] When the lifting device hoists the lifting frame 3 through the hanging ear 31, the outer frame 1 falls by its own weight and pushes the inner clamping plates 2 to approach each other, so as to generate an initial clamping force on the article 5 and push the article 5 to adjust the relative position.

[0065] After the article 5 and the outer frame 1 leave the ground, the outer frame 1 applies a clamping force to the article 5 through its own weight on the inner clamping plates 2. At the same time, the inner clamping plates 2 are linked with another adjacent inner clamping plate 2 through the hinge connection of the first linkage rod 21 and the second linkage rod 22 to clamp the article 5. At this time, as the externally applied lifting force increases, all the clamping component forces generated on the inner clamping plates 2 are uniformly directed towards the center of the article 5, and the clamping force is adjusted by the self-weight of the article 5. In addition, when the inner clamping plates 2 approach each other, the situation of empty clamping can be effectively avoided.

[0066] In some embodiments, a horizontal support beam 27 is provided on the outer wall of the inner clamping plate 2. The horizontal support beam 27 is used to limit the first linkage rod 21, the second linkage rod 22, and the outer linkage rod 26 from crossing the horizontal line during movement.

[0067] During the process that the outer frame 1 falls by its own weight and pushes the outer linkage rod 26 to make the inner clamping plates 2 approach each other, it can prevent the outer linkage rod 26 from crossing the horizontal line and wrongly pushing the inner clamping plates 2 to open each other, resulting in the inability to clamp the article 5.

[0068] When the inner clamping plates 2 open to release the clamping of the article 5, it can effectively prevent the first linkage rod 21 and the second linkage rod 22 from pushing beyond the horizontal line to cause the inner clamping plates 2 to move closer to each other and mistakenly clamp the article 5 again, resulting in the inability to remove the article 5.

[0069] In some embodiments, there are at least 4 inner clamping plates 2 in the outer frame 1 that are symmetrically arranged and have the same contact surface as the article 5.

[0070] When clamping the article 5, by symmetrically clamping the article 5, the article 5 can be evenly stressed, so as to more stably clamp the article 5. At the same time, it can also prevent the article 5 from being damaged due to uneven stress.

[0071] In some embodiments, when the outer frame 1 descends and pushes the inner clamping plates 2 to move inwards, the outer frame 1 pushes the outer linkage rod 26 by its own weight. At this time, the horizontal angle a of the outer linkage rod 26 ≤ 45°.

[0072] During the process of the inner clamping plates 2 clamping the article 5, when the horizontal angle a of the outer linkage rod 26 is 45°, the maximum thrust force can be generated on the inner clamping plates 2, so as to more stably clamp the article 5. In addition, the horizontal angle of the outer linkage rod 26 is limited within 45°, which can effectively prevent the inner clamping plates 2 from being in a clamped state and making it difficult to unclamp the article 5.

[0073] In some embodiments, a number of linkage rod adjustment holes 28 for bearing connection with the pull shaft 23 are provided at the outer ends of the first linkage rod 21 and the second linkage rod 22; by adjusting the hinge point between the first linkage rod 21 and the second linkage rod 22, the maximum distance between the two inner clamping plates 2 can be adjusted to adapt to articles 5 of different sizes.

[0074] In addition, the outer frame 1 includes a top bracket 11 and lower beams 15 at the four corners of the top bracket 11. Adjusting plates 12 are provided at the four corners of the top bracket 11, and a number of adjustment holes 13 are provided on the adjusting plates 12. The lower beams 15 are provided with mounting screws 14 fixed to any one of the adjustment holes 13, and the outer ends of the outer linkage rods 26 are axially connected to the lower beams 15. The mounting screws 14 on the lower beams 15 are locked to different positions of the adjustment holes 13, so as to adjust the lower beams 15 to different positions to provide a fulcrum for the adjusted inner clamping plates 2. A telescopic support rod 16 is provided between two adjacent lower beams 15, and the telescopic support rod 16 is provided with a locking mechanism 17 for fixing the length to strengthen the force on the adjusted lower beams 15.

[0075] In some embodiments, the lifting frame 3 is provided with a guide post 4, the guide post 4 is provided with a jack 41, the outer frame 1 is provided with a guide sleeve 42, the guide sleeve 42 is provided with an elastic pin 43, the guide post 4 passes through the guide sleeve 42, and the elastic pin 43 is used to slide on the guide post 4 and can enter the jack 41.

[0076] After the lifting equipment places the item 5 to be clamped on the support plane, the item 5 restricts the descent of the outer frame 1 through the inner clamping plate 2, and the lifting equipment continues to drive the lifting frame 3 to descend. At this time, the guide post 4 slides within the guide sleeve 42 until the elastic pin 43 enters the jack 41, locking the guide post 4 and the guide sleeve 42. Subsequently, the lifting equipment hoists the lifting frame 3, and the lifting frame 3 drives the outer frame 1 to rise. The outer frame 1 pulls the inner clamping plate 2 to open outward through the outer linkage rod 26, thereby releasing the clamping of the item 5. At this time, the outer frame 1 and the inner clamping plate 2 are removed from and separated from the item 5.

[0077] After transporting the item 5 to the target position, the power of the lifting equipment can be used to drive the inner clamping plate 2 to release the clamping of the item 5, achieving automatic release of the clamping of the item 5 during the landing process, and removing and separating the outer frame 1 from the item 5, thereby further improving the handling and stacking efficiency.

[0078] There is no need to set a power source on the outer frame 1 to drive the inner clamping plate 2 to clamp the item 5, thereby further reducing the manufacturing cost of the equipment.

[0079] In some embodiments, the angle b between the outer linkage rod 26 and the inner clamping plate 2 ≥ 50°. The angle between the first linkage rod 21 on the inner clamping plate 2 and the horizontal line is c, and the angle between the second linkage rod 22 on the inner clamping plate 2 and the horizontal line is d. c, d ≤ 30°.

[0080] The angle b between the outer linkage rod 26 and the inner clamping plate 2 ≥ 50° can effectively prevent the inner clamping plate 2 from being locked. In addition, when the item 5 is lifted, c, d ≤ 30°, which can effectively ensure that the inner clamping plate 2 generates a component force sufficient to lift the item 5.

[0081] In some embodiments, when the size of the item 5 is 1200m * 1200m * 1200m, the weight is 3.1t, and the static friction coefficient with the inner clamping plate 2 is 0.6 - 1.0, c, d = 26°. There are 4 inner clamping plates 2 provided in the outer frame 1, and the contact area of a single inner clamping plate 2 with the item 5 is 4000cm 2 .

[0082] When the item 5 is lifted, the clamping component force coefficient generated by the inner clamping plate 2 on the item 5 is 1 - 26 / 90 = 0.711. This component force coefficient is greater than the minimum value of the static friction coefficient between the item 5 and the inner clamping plate 2, so the generated clamping component force is sufficient to lift the item 5. The pressure on the item 5 due to the maximum clamping force = 3.1 * 1000 * 10 / (4000 * 4) = 1.9375 Mpa, and the result is less than the minimum normal stress value of the item 5, which is 0.45 = 30 * 0.45 = 13.5 Mpa. Therefore, when the inner clamping plate 2 clamps the item 5 and lifts it, it is safe and reliable.

[0083] To further illustrate the mobile phone lens optical testing device described in this specific embodiment, the following examples are listed.

[0084] Example 1

[0085] This embodiment provides a power-free clamping device, which includes an outer frame 1 and a lifting frame 3.

[0086] On both sides inside the outer frame 1, there are symmetrically arranged inner clamping plates 2 that can move closer to or away from each other; the inner clamping plates 2 are installed with tough and wear-resistant rubber parts 25 for contacting the article 5 to increase the friction between the inner clamping plates 2 and the article 5. One of the inner clamping plates 2 is connected by a bearing to a first linkage rod 21, and the other inner clamping plate 2 is connected by a bearing to a second linkage rod 22. The outer end shaft of the first linkage rod 21 is hingedly connected to the outer end of the second linkage rod 22 through a pull shaft 23. The included angle formed by the hinge connection of the first linkage rod 21 and the second linkage rod 22 is set with the opening facing downwards, and a pull rod 24 is also connected by a bearing to the pull shaft 23.

[0087] Lifting frame 3, the top of the lifting frame 3 is provided with a hanging ear 31 for quickly connecting with a lifting device. The lifting frame 3 can move above the outer frame 1, and the lifting frame 3 is provided with a suspension cable 32 connected to the pull rod 24.

[0088] The following is the usage description of the power-free clamping device described in this embodiment.

[0089] When carrying an object, by sleeving the outer frame 1 on the object, the inner clamping plates 2 are located on both sides of the object. After that, the lifting frame 3 can be lifted by the lifting device through the hanging ear 31. At this time, the suspension cable 32 pulls the pull rod 24 to rise, and the pull rod 24 pulls the hinge ends of the first linkage rod 21 and the second linkage rod 22, so that the first linkage rod 21 and the second linkage rod 22 pull all the inner clamping plates 2 to move closer to each other, thereby clamping the article 5 and lifting the article 5.

[0090] After the object is transported to the destination position, the two inner clamping plates 2 are driven to open away from each other by manpower or other mechanical power sources, so as to release the clamping of the article 5. After that, the lifting device lifts the lifting frame 3 through the hanging ear 31, and the lifting frame 3 drives the outer frame 1 and the inner clamping plates 2 to be taken out from above the article 5 and separated from the article 5.

[0091] Example 2

[0092] This embodiment provides a power-free clamping device, which includes an outer frame 1 and a lifting frame 3.

[0093] The outer frame 1 is provided with a guide sleeve 42, and the guide sleeve 42 is provided with an elastic pin 43.

[0094] On both sides inside the outer frame 1, there are symmetrically arranged inner clamping plates 2 that can move closer to or away from each other. The inner clamping plates 2 are installed with tough and wear-resistant rubber parts 25 for contacting the article 5 to increase the friction between the inner clamping plates 2 and the article 5. One of the inner clamping plates 2 is connected to the first linkage rod 21 by a bearing, and the other inner clamping plate 2 is connected to the second linkage rod 22 by a bearing. The outer end shaft of the first linkage rod 21 is hinge-connected to the outer end of the second linkage rod 22 through a pull shaft 23. The included angle formed by the hinge connection of the first linkage rod 21 and the second linkage rod 22 is set with the opening facing downward, and a pull rod 24 is also connected to the pull shaft 23 by a bearing. The outer wall of the inner clamping plate 2 is connected to the outer linkage rod 26 by a bearing. The outer linkage rod 26 is arranged obliquely upward, and the outer end of the outer linkage rod 26 is connected to the outer frame 1 by a shaft. The outer wall of the inner clamping plate 2 is provided with a horizontal support beam 27, and the horizontal support beam 27 is used to limit the first linkage rod 21, the second linkage rod 22, and the outer linkage rod 26 from crossing the horizontal line when moving.

[0095] At the top of the lifting frame 3, there is a hanging ear 31 for quickly connecting with a lifting device. The lifting frame 3 can move above the outer frame 1. The lifting frame 3 is provided with a suspension cable 32 connected to the pull rod 24. The lifting frame 3 is provided with a guide post 4. The guide post 4 is provided with a jack 41. The guide post 4 passes through the guide sleeve 42, and the elastic pin 43 is used to slide on the guide post 4 and can enter the jack 41.

[0096] The following is the usage instruction of the non-powered clamping device of this embodiment.

[0097] When carrying an object, the outer frame 1 is sleeved on the object so that the inner clamping plates 2 are located on both sides of the object; thereafter, the elastic pin 43 is moved away from the jack 41 so that the guide post 4 can slide in the guide sleeve 42. At this time, the outer frame 1 falls by its own weight and pushes the inner clamping plates 2 to move closer to each other to generate an initial clamping force on the article 5 and push the article 5 to adjust the relative position; subsequently, the lifting device lifts the lifting frame 3 through the hanging ear 31, the suspension cable 32 pulls the pull rod 24 to rise, and the pull rod 24 pulls the hinge ends of the first linkage rod 21 and the second linkage rod 22, so that the first linkage rod 21 and the second linkage rod 22 pull all the inner clamping plates 2 to move closer to each other, thereby clamping the article 5 and lifting the article 5; after the article 5 and the outer frame 1 leave the ground, the outer frame 1 applies a clamping force to the article 5 through its own weight to the inner clamping plates 2. At the same time, the inner clamping plates 2 are linked with the adjacent inner clamping plate 2 through the hinge connection of the first linkage rod 21 and the second linkage rod 22 to clamp the article 5. As the externally applied lifting force increases, all the clamping component forces generated on the inner clamping plates 2 uniformly point to the parallel median line of the object article 5, and the clamping force is adjusted by the self-weight of the article 5.

[0098] After the object is transported to the target position, that is, after the lifting device places the item 5 to be clamped on the support plane, the item 5 restricts the descent of the outer frame 1 through the inner clamping plate 2, and the lifting device continues to drive the lifting frame 3 to descend. At this time, the guide post 4 slides within the guide sleeve 42 until the elastic latch 43 enters the jack 41 to lock the guide post 4 and the guide sleeve 42 together; thereafter, the lifting device hoists the lifting frame 3, the lifting frame 3 drives the outer frame 1 to rise, and the outer frame 1 pulls the inner clamping plate 2 to open outward through the outer linkage rod 26, thereby releasing the clamping of the item 5; thereafter, the lifting device hoists the lifting frame 3, and the item 5 can be taken out and separated.

[0099] Embodiment 3

[0100] This embodiment provides a non-powered clamping device, which includes an outer frame 1 and a lifting frame 3.

[0101] The outer frame 1 is provided with a guide sleeve 42, and the guide sleeve 42 is provided with an elastic latch 43.

[0102] At least 4 inner clamping plates 2 that are consistent with the contact surface of the item 5 and are symmetrically arranged are provided inside the outer frame 1. The inner clamping plate 2 is installed with a tough and wear-resistant rubber member 25 for contacting the item 5 to increase the friction between the inner clamping plate 2 and the item 5. The inner clamping plate 2 on one side is connected to the first linkage rod 21 by a bearing, and the inner clamping plate 2 on the other side is connected to the second linkage rod 22 by a bearing. The outer end shaft of the first linkage rod 21 is hinged to the outer end of the second linkage rod 22 through a pull shaft 23. The included angle formed by the hinge connection of the first linkage rod 21 and the second linkage rod 22 is arranged with the opening facing downwards, and a pull rod 24 is also connected to the pull shaft 23 by a bearing. The outer wall of the inner clamping plate 2 is connected to the outer linkage rod 26 by a bearing, and the outer linkage rod 26 is arranged to be inclined upwards. The outer end of the outer linkage rod 26 is connected to the outer frame 1 by a shaft. The outer wall of the inner clamping plate 2 is provided with a horizontal support beam 27, and the horizontal support beam 27 is used to restrict the first linkage rod 21, the second linkage rod 22, and the outer linkage rod 26 from crossing the horizontal line when moving.

[0103] Further, a plurality of linkage rod adjustment holes 28 for bearing connection with the pull shaft 23 are provided at the outer ends of the first linkage rod 21 and the second linkage rod 22; by adjusting the hinge point between the first linkage rod 21 and the second linkage rod 22, the maximum distance between the two inner clamping plates 2 can be adjusted to adapt to articles 5 of different sizes. In addition, the outer frame 1 includes a top bracket 11 and lower beams 15 at the four corners of the top bracket 11. Adjusting plates 12 are provided at the four corners of the top bracket 11, and a plurality of adjustment holes 13 are provided on the adjusting plates 12. Mounting screws 14 fixed to any one of the adjustment holes 13 are provided on the lower beams 15, and the outer ends of the outer linkage rods 26 are axially connected to the lower beams 15. The mounting screws 14 on the lower beams 15 are locked to the adjustment holes 13 at different positions, so as to adjust the lower beams 15 to different positions to provide a fulcrum for the inner clamping plates 2 after adjustment of the positions. A telescopic support rod 16 is provided between two adjacent lower beams 15, and the telescopic support rod 16 is provided with a locking mechanism 17 for fixing the length to strengthen the force on the lower beams 15 after adjustment of the positions.

[0104] A hanging ear 31 is provided at the top of the lifting frame 3. The hanging ear 31 is used for quickly connecting with a lifting device. The lifting frame 3 can move above the outer frame 1, and the lifting frame 3 is provided with a sling 32 connected to the pull rod 24. A guide post 4 is provided on the lifting frame 3. The guide post 4 is provided with a jack 41. The guide post 4 passes through a guide sleeve 42. An elastic bolt 43 is used for sliding on the guide post 4 and can enter the jack 41.

[0105] The following is the usage instruction of the non-powered clamping device of this embodiment.

[0106] When carrying an object, the outer frame 1 is sleeved on the object so that the inner clamping plates 2 are located on both sides of the object; thereafter, the elastic bolt 43 is moved away from the jack 41 so that the guide post 4 can slide in the guide sleeve 42. At this time, the outer frame 1 falls by its own weight and pushes the inner clamping plates 2 to approach each other, so as to generate an initial clamping force on the article 5 and push the article 5 to adjust the relative position; subsequently, the lifting device hoists the lifting frame 3 through the hanging ear 31, the sling 32 pulls the pull rod 24 to rise, and the pull rod 24 pulls the hinge ends of the first linkage rod 21 and the second linkage rod 22, so that the first linkage rod 21 and the second linkage rod 22 pull all the inner clamping plates 2 to approach each other, thereby clamping the article 5 and hoisting the article 5; after the article 5 and the outer frame 1 leave the ground, the outer frame 1 applies a clamping force to the article 5 through its own weight to the inner clamping plates 2. At the same time, the inner clamping plates 2 are linked with another adjacent inner clamping plate 2 through the hinge connection of the first linkage rod 21 and the second linkage rod 22 to clamp the article 5. As the externally applied lifting force increases, all the clamping component forces generated on the inner clamping plates 2 uniformly point to the center of the object article 5, and the clamping force is adjusted by the self-weight of the article 5.

[0107] After the object is transported to the destination position, that is, after the lifting device places the item 5 to be clamped on the support plane, the item 5 restricts the outer frame 1 from descending through the inner clamping plate 2, and the lifting device continues to drive the lifting frame 3 to descend. At this time, the guide post 4 slides within the guide sleeve 42 until the elastic pin 43 enters the jack 41, locking the guide post 4 and the guide sleeve 42 together; thereafter, the lifting device hoists the lifting frame 3, the lifting frame 3 drives the outer frame 1 to rise, and the outer frame 1 pulls the inner clamping plate 2 to open outward through the outer linkage rod 26, thereby releasing the clamping of the item 5; thereafter, the lifting device hoists the lifting frame 3, and the item 5 can be taken out and separated.

[0108] Embodiment 4

[0109] This embodiment provides a non-powered clamping device, which includes the technical features described in Embodiment 2 or 3. At the same time, it further includes the following technical features.

[0110] When the outer frame 1 descends and pushes the inner clamping plate 2 to move inward, the outer frame 1 pushes the outer linkage rod 26 by its own weight. At this time, the horizontal angle a of the outer linkage rod 26 ≤ 45°.

[0111] The angle b between the outer linkage rod 26 and the inner clamping plate 2 ≥ 50°. The angle between the first linkage rod 21 on the inner clamping plate 2 and the horizontal line is c, and the angle between the second linkage rod 22 on the inner clamping plate 2 and the horizontal line is d. c, d ≤ 30°.

[0112] Embodiment 5

[0113] This embodiment provides a non-powered clamping device, which includes the technical features of Embodiment 3. At the same time, it further includes the following technical features.

[0114] When the outer frame 1 descends and pushes the inner clamping plate 2 to move inward, the outer frame 1 pushes the outer linkage rod 26 by its own weight. At this time, the horizontal angle a of the outer linkage rod 26 ≤ 45°.

[0115] The angle b between the outer linkage rod 26 and the inner clamping plate 2 ≥ 50°. The angle between the first linkage rod 21 on the inner clamping plate 2 and the horizontal line is c, and the angle between the second linkage rod 22 on the inner clamping plate 2 and the horizontal line is d.

[0116] The item is a C30 concrete pavement brick. When the size of the item 5 is 1200m * 1200m * 1200m, the weight is 3.1t, and the static friction coefficient with the inner clamping plate 2 is 0.6 - 1.0, c, d = 26°. There are 4 inner clamping plates 2 arranged inside the outer frame 1, and the contact area of a single inner clamping plate 2 with the item 5 is 4000 cm 2 .

[0117] When lifting, the clamping force coefficient generated by the inner clamping plate 2 on the article 5 is 1 - 26 / 90 = 0.711. This force coefficient is greater than the minimum static friction coefficient between the article 5 and the inner clamping plate 2, so the generated clamping force is sufficient to lift the article 5. The pressure on the article 5 due to the maximum clamping force = 3.1 * 1000 * 10 / (4000 * 4) = 1.9375 Mpa, and the result is less than the minimum normal force value of the article 5, which is 0.45 = 30 * 0.45 = 13.5 Mpa.

Claims

1. A power-free clamping device, characterized in that, Comprising: An outer frame (1), within which at least two sides are symmetrically provided with inner clamping plates (2) that can move towards or away from each other. One of the inner clamping plates (2) is connected to a first linkage rod (21) by a bearing, and the other inner clamping plate (2) is connected to a second linkage rod (22) by a bearing. The outer end of the first linkage rod (21) is hinged to the outer end of the second linkage rod (22) through a pull shaft (23). The included angle formed by the hinge connection of the first linkage rod (21) and the second linkage rod (22) is set with the opening facing downwards, and a pull rod (24) is also connected to the pull shaft (23) by a bearing; A lifting frame (3), at the top of which a hanging ear (31) is provided, and the hanging ear (31) is used for quickly connecting to a lifting device. The lifting frame (3) can move above the outer frame (1), and the lifting frame (3) is provided with a sling (32) connected to the pull rod (24); When handling an object, by sleeving the outer frame (1) on the object, the inner clamping plates (2) are located on both sides of the object. Thereafter, the lifting device can lift the lifting frame (3) through the hanging ear (31). At this time, the sling (32) pulls the pull rod (24) to rise, and the pull rod (24) pulls the hinge ends of the first linkage rod (21) and the second linkage rod (22), so that the first linkage rod (21) and the second linkage rod (22) pull all the inner clamping plates (2) to move towards each other, thereby clamping the article (5) and lifting the article (5).

2. The unpowered clamping device according to claim 1, wherein: The inner clamping plate (2) is provided with a tough and wear-resistant rubber part (25) for contacting the article (5) to increase the friction between the inner clamping plate (2) and the article (5).

3. The unpowered clamping device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the inner clamping plate (2) is connected to an outer linkage rod (26) by a bearing, and the outer linkage rod (26) is inclined upwards. The outer end of the outer linkage rod (26) is connected to the outer frame (1) by a shaft; So that when the lifting device lifts the lifting frame (3) through the hanging ear (31), the outer frame (1) falls by its own weight and pushes the inner clamping plates (2) to move towards each other, so as to generate an initial clamping force on the article (5) and push the article (5) to adjust the relative position; After the article (5) and the outer frame (1) leave the ground, the outer frame (1) applies a clamping force to the article (5) through its own weight on the inner clamping plates (2). At the same time, the inner clamping plates (2) are linked with the adjacent inner clamping plate (2) through the hinge connection of the first linkage rod (21) and the second linkage rod (22) to clamp the article (5). As the externally applied lifting force increases, all the clamping component forces generated on the inner clamping plates (2) are uniformly directed towards the center of the article (5), and the weight of the article (5) adjusts the magnitude of the clamping force.

4. The unpowered clamping device according to claim 3, wherein: The outer wall of the inner clamping plate (2) is provided with a horizontal support beam (27), and the horizontal support beam (27) is used to limit the first linkage rod (21), the second linkage rod (22), and the outer linkage rod (26) from crossing the horizontal line when moving.

5. The non-powered clamping device according to claim 3, characterized in that: There are at least 4 inner clamping plates (2) in the outer frame (1) that are symmetrically arranged and have the same contact surface as the article (5).

6. The unpowered clamping device according to claim 3, wherein: When the outer frame (1) falls and pushes the inner clamping plate (2) to move inward, the outer frame (1) pushes the outer linkage rod (26) by its own weight. At this time, the horizontal included angle a of the outer linkage rod (26) ≤ 45°.

7. The unpowered clamping device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A number of linkage rod adjustment holes (28) for bearing connection with the pull shaft (23) are provided at the outer ends of the first linkage rod (21) and the second linkage rod (22). The outer frame (1) includes a top bracket (11) and lower beams (15) at the four corners of the top bracket (11). Adjustment plates (12) are provided at the four corners of the top bracket (11), and a number of adjustment holes (13) are provided on the adjustment plates (12). Mounting screws (14) fixed to any one of the adjustment holes (13) are provided on the lower beams (15). A telescopic support rod (16) is provided between two adjacent lower beams (15), and a locking mechanism (17) for fixing the length is provided on the telescopic support rod (16). The outer end of the outer linkage rod (26) is axially connected to the lower beam (15).

8. The unpowered clamping device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The lifting frame (3) is provided with a guide post (4), the guide post (4) is provided with a jack (41), the outer frame (1) is provided with a guide sleeve (42), the guide sleeve (42) is provided with an elastic pin (43), the guide post (4) passes through the guide sleeve (42), and the elastic pin (43) is used to slide on the guide post (4) and can enter the jack (41). After the hoisting equipment places the article (5) to be clamped on the support plane, the article (5) restricts the descent of the outer frame (1) through the inner clamping plate (2), and the hoisting equipment continues to drive the lifting frame (3) to descend. At this time, the guide post (4) slides in the guide sleeve (42) until the elastic pin (43) enters the jack (41) to lock the guide post (4) and the guide sleeve (42). Subsequently, the hoisting equipment hoists the lifting frame (3), the lifting frame (3) drives the outer frame (1) to rise, and the outer frame (1) pulls the inner clamping plate (2) to open outward through the outer linkage rod (26), so as to release the clamping of the article (5). At this time, the outer frame (1) and the inner clamping plate (2) are taken out and separated from the article (5).

9. The non-powered clamping device according to claim 3, wherein: The included angle b between the outer linkage rod (26) and the inner clamping plate (2) ≥ 50°. The included angle between the first linkage rod (21) on the inner clamping plate (2) and the horizontal line is c, and the included angle between the second linkage rod (22) on the inner clamping plate (2) and the horizontal line is d. c, d ≤ 30°.

10. A non-powered clamping device according to claim 9, characterized in that: When the size of the article (5) is 1200m * 1200m * 1200m, the weight is 3.1t, and the static friction coefficient with the inner splint (2) is 0.6 to 1.0, c and d = 26°. There are 4 inner splints (2) arranged in the outer frame (1), and the contact area of a single inner splint (2) with the article (5) is 4000cm 2 ; When lifting, the clamping component force coefficient generated by the inner clamping plate (2) on the article (5) is 1 - 26 / 90 = 0.

711. This component force coefficient is greater than the minimum static friction coefficient between the article (5) and the inner clamping plate (2), so the generated clamping component force is sufficient to lift the article (5). The pressure on the article (5) due to the maximum clamping force = 3.1 * 1000 * 10 / (4000 * 4) = 1.9375 Mpa, and the result is less than the minimum normal force value of the article (5), which is 0.45 = 30 * 0.45 = 13.5 Mpa.

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