Blade with fiber reinforced structure and open type rotor engine

Abstract

The invention provides a blade with a fiber reinforced structure and an open rotor engine. The blade comprises a fiber reinforced structure, and the fiber reinforced structure is composed of a fiber reinforced body and a base body, and the fiber reinforced body is embedded in the base body. The blade root is used for being connected with a wheel disc in a matched mode so that the blades can be connected to the wheel disc; the blade body comprises a first end part close to the blade root and a second end part which is far away from the blade root and forms a blade tip; wherein the fiber reinforced structure extends in the height direction between the blade root and the blade tip and comprises a continuous single piece formed by a first part and a second part, the first part is fixedly connected with the blade root, and the second part is fixedly connected with the blade body.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of aero-engines, and in particular to a blade with a fiber-reinforced structure and an open rotor engine. Background Art

[0002] The fan blades of aircraft engines may fly off when rotating at high speed. The fan blades have very large kinetic energy at the moment of flying off, which is a very harsh load and will cause great damage to the engine or aircraft. Therefore, for high bypass ratio turbofan engines, the fan containment case should be able to contain the fan blades that fly off; while for open rotor engines, since they do not have a containment case structure, the fan blades may directly hit the aircraft fuselage after flying off, posing a huge threat to flight safety and occupant safety. A common protective measure is to reinforce the aircraft fuselage to play a similar role as the fan containment case. The above protective measures all come at the cost of increasing the weight of the engine or aircraft, which has an adverse effect on the economic performance of commercial engines and aircraft.

[0003] The problem of fan blades flying off cannot be completely avoided. Therefore, how to effectively protect against the problem of blades flying off, especially to provide protection without significantly increasing the weight of the engine and the aircraft, has become a technical problem that needs to be solved in this field. Summary of the invention

[0004] An object of the present disclosure is to provide a blade having a fiber reinforced structure.

[0005] Another object of the present disclosure is to provide an open rotor engine.

[0006] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, a blade with a fiber reinforced structure includes: a fiber reinforced structure, which is made of a fiber reinforcement and a matrix in which the fiber reinforcement is embedded; a blade root, which is used to cooperate with a wheel disk to connect the blade to the wheel disk; a blade body, which includes a first end close to the blade root and a second end away from the blade root and forming a blade tip; wherein the fiber reinforced structure extends along the height direction between the blade root and the blade tip, and includes a continuous single piece formed by a first part and a second part, the first part is fixedly connected to the blade root, and the second part is fixedly connected to the blade body.

[0007] The principle of achieving beneficial effects by adopting the above technical solutions is that it is generally believed that when the blade flies off, it will break along the minimum cross-section, that is, the first end breaks at the connection position with the blade root, and the blade root generally does not fall off because it is connected to the disk in a mating manner; therefore, generally, the blade flying off is caused by the separation of the blade body from the blade root. By setting the fiber-reinforced structure, the impact load when the blade body flies off is transmitted to the blade root and the disk. By adopting the design of the first part and the second part, the connection between the blade body and the blade root is strengthened; when the blade body is separated from the blade root, the fiber-reinforced structure will produce a dragging effect, effectively reducing the kinetic energy of the fan blade at the moment of flying off and the generated impact load; and because the influence of the fiber-reinforced structure on the weight can be ignored, its adverse impact on the economic performance of the engine and the aircraft is relatively small.

[0008] In one or more embodiments of the blade, the fiber-reinforced structure further includes a third part; the third part has a predetermined length and is connected between the first part and the second part to form a continuous single piece, and the third part is not fixedly connected to the blade.

[0009] In one or more embodiments of the blade, the predetermined length of the third part is not less than the maximum deformation amount of the blade body under normal operating conditions.

[0010] In one or more embodiments of the blade, the first end includes an end face, the fiber-reinforced structure further includes a fourth part, and the fourth part extends through the end face and is fixedly connected to the end face.

[0011] In one or more embodiments of the blade, the first part is fixedly connected to the blade root in a curved shape to increase the length of the fixed connection between the first part and the blade root.

[0012] In one or more embodiments of the blade, the first part and the blade root jointly form a smoothly transitioning outer surface.

[0013] In one or more embodiments of the blade, the second part of at least one of the fiber-reinforced structures extends to the second end of the blade body.

[0014] In one or more embodiments of the blade, the second part of at least one of the fiber-reinforced structures is fixedly connected to the suction surface of the blade body, and the second part of at least one of the fiber-reinforced structures is fixedly connected to the pressure surface of the blade body.

[0015] In one or more embodiments of the blade, the second part of at least one of the fiber-reinforced structures extends in the thickness direction along the cross-sectional profile of the blade body at a predetermined height position and is fixedly connected to both the suction surface and the pressure surface of the blade body.

[0016] In one or more embodiments of the blade, the blade further includes a shell structure that covers the blade root and the first part to form an isolation between the first part and the disk.

[0017] An open rotor engine according to another aspect of the present disclosure includes the blade described above. Description of the Drawings

[0018] The above and other features, properties, and advantages of the present disclosure will become more apparent from the following description in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments, in which like reference numerals always represent the same features. It should be noted that these drawings are only examples and are not drawn under the condition of equal scale, and should not be used as a limitation on the actual scope of protection required by the present disclosure, where:

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a typical fan blade.

[0020] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of a blade of an embodiment.

[0021] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the first end and the blade root region of a blade of an embodiment.

[0022] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the fixed connection between the first part and the blade root of an embodiment.

[0023] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the first part of an embodiment.

[0024] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of the second part of an embodiment.

[0025] Figure 7 For Figure 6 A cross-sectional view taken along section A-A.

[0026] Figure 8 It is a schematic structural diagram of the fixed connection between the first part and the blade root of an embodiment.

[0027] Description of the Reference Numerals:

[0028] 1. Fiber-reinforced structure;

[0029] 11. First part; 12. Second part; 13. Third part; 14. Fourth part;

[0030] 2. Blade;

[0031] 21. Blade root; 22. Blade body; 221. First end; 2211. End face; 222. Second end; 23. Suction surface; 24. Pressure surface; 25. Shell structure;

[0032] 3. Disk. Detailed implementation manners

[0033] Now, reference will be made in detail to various embodiments of the present disclosure, examples of which are shown in the drawings and described as follows. Although the present disclosure will be described in conjunction with exemplary embodiments, it should be understood that the present disclosure is not intended to be limited to those exemplary embodiments. On the contrary, the present disclosure is intended to cover not only these exemplary embodiments, but also various alternative forms, modifications, equivalent forms and other embodiments that may be included within the spirit and scope of the present disclosure as defined by the appended claims.

[0034] The present disclosure uses specific terms to describe embodiments of the present disclosure. For example, "an embodiment" and / or "one embodiment" mean a certain feature, structure or characteristic related to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. Therefore, it should be emphasized and noted that the "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" mentioned twice or more at different positions in the present disclosure is not necessarily the same embodiment. In addition, certain features, structures or characteristics in one or more embodiments of the present disclosure may be combined appropriately.

[0035] In the following description, the orientation or positional relationship indicated by "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "front", "rear", or other orientation terms is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present disclosure and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and / or implemented in a specific orientation, and thus cannot be understood as a limitation of the present disclosure. In the present disclosure, terms such as "first" and "second" are only used for distinguishing descriptions, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying a positional relationship or an importance ranking.

[0036] As introduced above, the fan blade detachment will cause great damage to the engine and the aircraft. Especially for an aircraft equipped with an open rotor engine, its fuselage will be directly subjected to the impact load of the blade detachment. The existing protection measures include strengthening the design of the fan containment casing and / or the fuselage structure, etc. These protection measures will increase the weight of the relevant structures and have a significant adverse impact on the economic performance of the engine and the aircraft. Therefore, through in-depth research, the inventors of the present disclosure propose a blade and an open rotor engine with a fiber-reinforced structure, aiming to provide protection against the blade detachment problem effectively by reducing the kinetic energy and the impact load generated at the moment of blade detachment without significantly increasing the weight of the engine and the aircraft.

[0037] It should be noted that the present disclosure does not aim to exclude the strengthening design of the fan containment casing and / or the fuselage structure. Optionally, the fiber-reinforced structure described in the present disclosure can be adopted for the engine and the aircraft that adopt the strengthening design of the fan containment casing and / or the fuselage structure at the same time to achieve a dual or multiple protection effect without additional weight increase.

[0038] As Figures 1 to 3 shown, on the one hand, the present disclosure provides a blade 2 with a fiber-reinforced structure 1. The blade 2 includes: a fiber-reinforced structure 1, which is made of a fiber reinforcement and a matrix in which the fiber reinforcement is embedded; a blade root 21, which is used to cooperate with a disk 3 for connection so that the blade 2 is fixedly connected to the disk 3; a blade body 22, which includes a first end 221 close to the blade root 21 and a second end 222 far from the blade root 21 and forming a blade tip. Wherein, the fiber-reinforced structure 1 extends along the height direction H between the blade root 21 and the blade tip, and it includes a continuous single piece formed by a first part 11 and a second part 12. The first part 11 is fixedly connected to the blade root 21, and the second part 12 is fixedly connected to the blade body 22.

[0039] Generally, the fan blade detachment is caused by the separation of the blade body 22 from the blade root 21. The blade root 21 does not detach because of its cooperation with the disk 3, for example, a tenon joint structure can be adopted. Therefore, through the design of the fiber-reinforced structure 1, the impact load formed by the blade body 22 at the moment of detachment is transmitted to the blade root 21 and the disk 3. By adopting the design of the first part 11 and the second part 12, the strengthening connection between the blade body 22 and the blade root 21 is realized. When the blade body 22 is separated from the blade root 21, the fiber-reinforced structure 1 will produce a dragging effect to hinder the blade detachment, effectively reducing the kinetic energy and the impact load generated by the fan blade 2 at the moment of detachment. And, the influence of the fiber-reinforced structure 1 on the weight can be ignored, and its adverse impact on the economic performance of the engine and the aircraft is very small.

[0040] Understandably, the connection strength between the first part 11 and the blade root 21 should be able to ensure that when the blade body 22 flies off and causes the fiber-reinforced structure 1 to deform significantly, the first part 11 can still be fixedly connected to the blade root 21.

[0041] Optionally, a plurality of the fiber-reinforced structures 1 are arranged on the suction surface 23 and the pressure surface 24 of the blade 2, that is, a part of the second part 12 of the plurality of fiber-reinforced structures 1 is fixedly connected to the suction surface 23, and the other part is fixedly connected to the pressure surface 24. The plurality of fiber-reinforced structures 1 can also be evenly distributed on the blade body 22, but not limited thereto. The plurality of fiber-reinforced structures 1 can also be unevenly distributed on the blade body 22 to provide different degrees of protection for different regions of the blade body 22.

[0042] Optionally, the fiber reinforcement has a form of a wire bundle, lamination or texture; the fiber reinforcement can also be selected from one or more fiber materials with good impact resistance, for example, aramid or polyimide, etc., but not limited thereto. The matrix can be a polymer matrix, and the fiber reinforcement is densely embedded therein.

[0043] As Figure 3 shown, in one or more embodiments, the fiber-reinforced structure 1 further includes a third part 13; the third part 13 has a predetermined length and is connected between the first part 11 and the second part 12 to form a continuous single piece, and the third part 13 is not fixedly connected to the blade 2.

[0044] Understandably, when the blade 2 is under the action of centrifugal load in the rotating state, it will undergo elongation deformation. The third part 13 is not fixedly connected to the blade 2 and is provided with the predetermined length as a margin to cope with the elongation deformation of the blade 2, that is, it is loosely connected to the first part 11 and the second part 12. The design of the third part 13 is beneficial to avoid breakage caused by the elongation deformation of the blade 2 under normal working conditions.

[0045] Furthermore, in one or more embodiments, the predetermined length of the third part 13 is not less than the maximum deformation amount of the blade body 22 under normal working conditions, that is, the maximum deformation amount that the blade body 22 can generate without flying off. Such a design ensures that only when the blade flies off, the fiber-reinforced structure 1 will produce a dragging effect on the blade body 22 and bear the load in the height direction.

[0046] As Figure 3As shown, in one or more embodiments, the first end portion 221 includes an end face 2211, and the fiber reinforced structure 1 further includes a fourth portion 14 that extends through the end face 2211 and is fixedly connected to the end face 2211. Optionally, the fourth portion 14 is adhesively bonded to the end face 2211. The design of the fourth portion 14 fixedly connects the fiber reinforced structure 1 to the end face 2211, mainly to avoid the adverse effects caused by the third portion 13 being too long, that is, the loose portion being too long. It can be understood that when the surface of the blade body 22 and the blade root 21 has a smooth transition, that is, when the fiber reinforced structure 1 does not extend through the end face 2211, the fourth portion 14 may not be provided.

[0047] As Figure 5 shown, in one or more embodiments, the first portion 11 is fixedly connected to the blade root 21 in a curved shape to increase the length of the fixed connection between the first portion 11 and the blade root 21. Such a design is beneficial to increasing the strength of the fixed connection between the first portion 11 and the blade root 21.

[0048] As Figure 4 shown, in one or more embodiments, the first portion 11 and the blade root 21 together form a smooth outer surface. For example, the first portion 11 may be embedded in the surface of the blade root 21 or buried inside the blade root 21. Since the disk 3 vibrates during the operation of the engine, such a design is beneficial to reducing the vibration and frictional load applied by the disk 3 to the first portion 11, so as to prevent the possible fracture of the first portion 11.

[0049] As Figure 2 shown, in one or more embodiments, the second portion 12 of at least one of the fiber reinforced structures 1 extends to the second end portion 222 of the blade body 22. Such a design enables the second portion 12 to extend to the blade tip, that is, to be fixedly connected to the blade body 22 in the height direction, which is beneficial to ensuring the connection strength between the second portion 12 and the blade body 22; at the same time, it can also suppress to a certain extent the flying off caused by the partial fracture of the blade body 22.

[0050] In one or more embodiments, the second portion 12 of at least one of the fiber reinforced structures 1 is fixedly connected to the suction surface 23 of the blade body 22, and the second portion 12 of at least one of the fiber reinforced structures 1 is fixedly connected to the pressure surface 24 of the blade body 22.

[0051] As Figure 6 、 Figure 7As shown, in one or more embodiments, at least a second part 12 of the fiber-reinforced structure 1 extends in the thickness direction along the cross-sectional profile of the blade body 22 at a predetermined height position, and is fixedly connected to both the suction surface 23 and the pressure surface 24 of the blade body 22. Such a design makes the fiber-reinforced structure 1 fixedly connected to the suction surface 23 and the pressure surface 24 of the blade body 22 the same one. When the blade body 22 flies off, since the fiber-reinforced structure 1 is also fixedly connected in the thickness direction between the suction surface 23 and the pressure surface 24, to a certain extent, it increases the hindrance to the flying-off.

[0052] As Figure 8 As shown, in one or more embodiments, the blade 2 further includes a shell structure 25, and the shell structure 25 covers the blade root 21 and the first part 11, so as to isolate the first part 11 from the disk 3. Such a design is beneficial to reducing the vibration and frictional loads generated by the disk 3 on the first part 11, and plays a role in protecting the first part 11.

[0053] As introduced above, the present disclosure also provides an open rotor engine, which includes the blade 2 described in the above embodiments.

[0054] In summary, the progressive technical effects of the present disclosure include but are not limited to at least one of the following:

[0055] 1. Through the design of the fiber-reinforced structure, the impact load formed by the blade body at the moment of flying off is transmitted to the blade root and the disk. By adopting the design of the first part and the second part, the reinforcement connection between the blade body and the blade root is realized; when the blade body is separated from the blade root, the fiber-reinforced structure will generate a dragging effect to hinder the flying-off of the blade, effectively reducing the kinetic energy of the fan blade at the moment of flying off and the impact load generated thereby; moreover, the influence of the fiber-reinforced structure on the weight can be ignored, and its adverse impact on the economic performance of the engine and the aircraft is very small.

[0056] 2. When the blade is under the action of centrifugal load in the rotating state, it will undergo elongation deformation. The third part is not fixedly connected to the blade and is provided with a predetermined length as a margin to cope with the elongation deformation of the blade, that is, it is loosely connected to the first part and the second part. The design of the third part is beneficial to avoiding fracture caused by the elongation deformation of the blade 2 under normal working conditions.

[0057] 3. The design of the fourth part fixedly connects the fiber-reinforced structure to the end face, mainly to avoid the adverse effects caused by the excessive length of the third part, that is, the excessive length of the loose part.

[0058] Although the present disclosure is disclosed above in preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present disclosure. Any person skilled in the art can make possible changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, any modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present disclosure without departing from the technical solution of the present disclosure shall fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A blade (2) having a fiber-reinforced structure (1), characterized in that, Comprising: A fiber-reinforced structure (1) made of a fiber reinforcement and a matrix in which the fiber reinforcement is embedded; A blade root (21) for mating connection with a disk (3) to connect the blade (2) to the disk (3); A blade body (22) including a first end (221) adjacent to the blade root (21) and a second end (222) remote from the blade root (21) and forming a blade tip; Wherein, the fiber-reinforced structure (1) extends along the height direction between the blade root (21) and the blade tip, and it includes a continuous single piece formed by a first part (11) and a second part (12), the first part (11) being fixedly connected to the blade root (21), and the second part (12) being fixedly connected to the blade body (22).

2. The blade (2) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fiber-reinforced structure (1) further includes a third part (13); the third part (13) has a predetermined length and is connected between the first part (11) and the second part (12) to form a continuous single piece, and the third part (13) is not fixedly connected to the blade (2).

3. The blade (2) according to claim 2, characterized in that, The predetermined length of the third part (13) is not less than the maximum deformation amount of the blade body (22) under normal operating conditions.

4. The blade (2) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first end (221) includes an end face (2211), the fiber-reinforced structure (1) further includes a fourth part (14), and the fourth part (14) extends through the end face (2211) and is fixedly connected to the end face (2211).

5. The blade (2) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first part (11) is fixedly connected to the blade root (21) in a curved shape to increase the length of the fixed connection between the first part (11) and the blade root (21).

6. The blade (2) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first part (11) and the blade root (21) together form a smoothly transitioning outer surface.

7. The blade (2) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second part (12) of at least one of the fiber-reinforced structures (1) extends to the second end (222) of the blade body (22).

8. The blade (2) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second part (12) of at least one of the fiber-reinforced structures (1) is fixedly connected to the suction surface (23) of the blade body (22), and the second part (12) of at least one of the fiber-reinforced structures (1) is fixedly connected to the pressure surface (24) of the blade body (22).

9. The blade (2) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second part (12) of at least one of the fiber-reinforced structures (1) extends in the thickness direction along the cross-sectional profile of the blade body (22) at a predetermined height position and is fixedly connected to both the suction surface (23) and the pressure surface (24) of the blade body (22).

10. The blade (2) according to claim 1, characterized in that, The blade (2) further includes a shell structure that covers the blade root (21) and the first part (11) to form an isolation between the first part (11) and the disk (3).

11. An open rotor engine, characterized in that, Including the blade (2) according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

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