Movable rectangular open channel automatic pressure measuring device, automatic flow measuring device and using method

Abstract

The invention provides a movable rectangular open channel automatic pressure measuring device, an automatic flow measuring device and a using method, the automatic pressure measuring device is used for detecting the pressure of water flow in a rectangular open channel, the automatic pressure measuring device comprises two supporting vertical rods which are symmetrically arranged, and vertical sliding grooves are formed in the inner sides of the two supporting vertical rods; the two ends of the telescopic cross rod are connected with the tops of the two supporting vertical rods respectively; the two ends of the sliding plate are connected with sliding blocks, and the two sliding blocks are matched with the two vertical sliding grooves correspondingly; the lifting assembly is arranged between the telescopic cross rod and the sliding plate, and the lifting assembly drives the sliding plate to drive the sliding blocks to vertically move along the corresponding vertical sliding grooves; the pressure measuring assembly comprises a pressure measuring transverse plate, and at least two pressure sensors are uniformly connected between the sliding plate and the pressure measuring transverse plate; the device has the advantages of being adjustable in structure, high in automation degree, low in cost and capable of remarkably improving flow measurement efficiency and accuracy and reducing manual intervention. The method is suitable for the technical field of rectangular open channel automatic flow measurement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of automatic flow measurement in rectangular open channels, and specifically relates to a movable automatic pressure measurement device, an automatic flow measurement device and a usage method for rectangular open channels. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, documents such as the "Digital Water Conservancy Development Plan" and the "Smart Water Conservancy Development Action Plan" issued by the state have clearly stated that it is necessary to use intelligent means to improve the water resource management ability. To achieve this goal, it includes real-time collection and analysis of data such as water flow, precipitation, and gas, and the use of advanced technologies to accurately measure and monitor the water flow situation. Channel flow measurement plays a fundamental role in ensuring the reasonable allocation and effective utilization of water resources. By accurately monitoring the channel flow rate and velocity, the flow status of water resources can be comprehensively grasped, and then the water resource allocation can be optimized based on the situation, improving the accuracy of agricultural irrigation and industrial water use.

[0003] At present, there are many different flow measurement devices in the field of open channel flow measurement, including overflow weir devices, float flow meters, electromagnetic flow meters, radar flow measurement devices, and video monitoring and computer image methods. Although they can all complete the flow measurement work to a certain extent, there are the following problems: 1. The overflow weir method requires the installation of a weir structure, with relatively high upfront construction costs. It also requires manual monitoring of the weir mouth water level and manual data recording and flow calculation, with a low degree of automation. 2. Float flow meters are easily affected by factors such as wind speed and water surface fluctuations and debris, resulting in unstable measurements or large errors. The measurement process is relatively cumbersome and not suitable for real-time monitoring. 3. Radar flow measurement devices are usually relatively expensive, especially the procurement and maintenance costs of high-precision equipment are high. 4. Electromagnetic flow meters are less sensitive to solid suspended matter, have no moving parts, and are easy to maintain, but they require the installation of power supply and signal output equipment, have high requirements for conductivity (requiring a certain conductive water flow), and are costly. 5. The equipment investment of video monitoring and computer image methods is high, requiring high hardware configuration and complex software support; data processing is complex, and image recognition and processing algorithms may require high computing power. It can only measure the surface flow velocity, and the accuracy may be limited in complex environments.

[0004] In summary, the existing flow measurement devices have problems such as high manual labor intensity, low efficiency, complex operation, and the accuracy of measurement is easily affected by human factors. Some existing automatic flow measurement devices also have a series of problems such as complex installation, poor adaptability, difficulty in covering different positions of the channel for comprehensive measurement, and very high prices. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a highly efficient, accurate, low-cost and highly automated flow measurement device to meet the actual channel flow measurement requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To solve one of the above technical defects, the present application provides a movable automatic pressure measuring device and an automatic flow measuring device for a rectangular open channel.

[0006] According to the first aspect of the present application, there is provided a movable automatic pressure measuring device for a rectangular open channel, which is used to detect the water flow pressure in the rectangular open channel and includes

[0007] Two symmetrically arranged support vertical rods, with vertical chutes provided on the inner sides of the two support vertical rods, and the two support vertical rods are respectively attached to the two side walls of the water passing section of the rectangular open channel;

[0008] A telescopic cross bar, with both ends of the telescopic cross bar respectively connected to the tops of the two support vertical rods, and the telescopic cross bar can be telescopically adjusted along the width direction of the rectangular open channel;

[0009] A sliding plate, with sliders connected to both ends of the sliding plate, and the two sliders are respectively adapted to the two vertical chutes;

[0010] A lifting assembly, which is arranged between the telescopic cross bar and the sliding plate, and the lifting assembly drives the sliding plate to drive the slider to move vertically along the corresponding vertical chute; a pressure measuring assembly, including a pressure measuring cross plate, and at least two pressure sensors are evenly connected between the sliding plate and the pressure measuring cross plate.

[0011] Preferably, the sliding plate and the pressure measuring cross plate are flush in the horizontal direction.

[0012] Preferably, the lifting assembly includes: a driver, a stepping motor, a lead screw and a lead screw base; the lead screw base is arranged on the top of the sliding plate; the driver is connected to the input end of the stepping motor, one end of the lead screw is connected to the output shaft of the stepping motor, and the other end of the lead screw is threadedly connected to the middle of the telescopic cross bar and then connected to the lead screw base.

[0013] Preferably, an ultrasonic water level gauge is arranged on the telescopic cross bar.

[0014] Preferably, the pressure measuring cross plate and the pressure sensor are connected together through a first bolt assembly.

[0015] Preferably, the telescopic cross bar includes a first cross bar and two second cross bars respectively sleeved at both ends of the first cross bar; the end of the second cross bar far from the first cross bar is connected to the adjacent support vertical rod; a plurality of positioning holes are arranged on both the first cross bar and the second cross bar along the setting direction of the first cross bar, and any positioning hole on the first cross bar and any positioning hole on the second cross bar are connected by bolts to make the length of the telescopic cross bar adapt to the width of the rectangular open channel.

[0016] Preferably, it further includes a power supply, and the power supply provides electricity for the entire automatic pressure measuring device.

[0017] According to the second aspect of the present application, a movable rectangular open channel automatic flow measurement device is provided, including a rectangular open channel and an automatic pressure measurement device arranged along the width direction of the rectangular open channel, and the automatic pressure measurement device is the movable rectangular open channel automatic pressure measurement device described in any one of the above.

[0018] The automatic flow measurement device further includes a digital transmitter and a host computer; the pressure sensor in the automatic pressure measurement device is electrically connected to the digital transmitter, and the digital transmitter is electrically connected to the host computer through an RS485 interface.

[0019] More preferably, the host computer receives data through the Modbus RTU protocol.

[0020] According to the third aspect of the present application, a method for using the movable rectangular open channel automatic flow measurement device described above is provided, including:

[0021] Install the automatic pressure measurement device in the basin to be measured;

[0022] The host computer controls the ultrasonic water level gauge to measure the water level information of the basin to be measured in real time, calculates the hydrostatic pressure values of each flow layer, and transmits the hydrostatic pressure values of each flow layer to the host computer through the digital transmitter;

[0023] Divide the cross-section of the rectangular open channel in the basin to be measured into multiple flow layers from bottom to top;

[0024] The host computer controls the lifting component to move the pressure measurement cross plate to the bottommost flow layer in the cross-section, that is, the first flow layer, and detects the total pressure value of the first flow layer through two pressure sensors;

[0025] The host computer controls the lifting component to move the pressure measurement cross plate upward at equal distances, and detects the total pressure values of all flow layers in the cross-section one by one; the moving distance is consistent with the height of the pressure measurement cross plate and the height of each flow layer;

[0026] Stop for a period of time after each movement, detect the total pressure value of the current flow layer through the pressure sensor during the stop time, and transmit the detected total pressure value of the current flow layer to the host computer through the digital transmitter;

[0027] The host computer calculates the flow velocity and flow rate of the rectangular open channel.

[0028] The automatic pressure measuring device provided in this application can accurately detect the pressure in a rectangular open channel, making the subsequent result of converting pressure data into flow data more accurate. The device can be placed in the water area to be measured in the rectangular open channel, reducing manual intervention, with high measurement efficiency. The components provided in the first embodiment can be easily disassembled and installed, facilitating transportation and maintenance, and ensuring the measurement effect while keeping the cost low. The two support vertical rods are respectively attached to the two side walls of the water passing section of the rectangular open channel, enabling pressure detection in the width direction of the rectangular open channel, and the structure is stable; the telescopic cross rod can be telescoped along the width direction of the rectangular open channel, with adjustable structure, and can adapt to the use requirements of different rectangular open channels, having stronger applicability; the lifting assembly can drive the sliding plate to move vertically relative to the telescopic cross rod, and the vertical movement trajectory is consistent with the moving directions of the two sliders in the corresponding vertical sliding grooves, enabling the entire water flow section to be covered and pressure detection to be carried out on different flow layers, realizing the dynamic pressure measurement of the full-section water flow; the pressure measuring cross plate is connected to the sliding plate through a pressure sensor and moves with the movement of the sliding plate; the combination of the sliding plate and the lifting assembly realizes vertical dynamic coverage: vertical sliding grooves are arranged inside the support vertical rods, which cooperate with the sliders at both ends of the sliding plate, and in combination with the lifting assembly, the vertical positioning of the pressure measuring cross plate with an accuracy of ±1 mm within a certain water depth range is realized, ensuring the full-section stratified pressure detection. In summary, the pressure values at different positions on the water flow section to be measured can be measured, and the distribution and change of the water flow can be evaluated more comprehensively, further improving the measurement accuracy.

[0029] Other features and advantages of this application will be described in the subsequent specification, and some of them will become obvious from the specification or be understood by implementing this application. The objectives and other advantages of this application can be achieved and obtained through the content pointed out in the written specification and the drawings. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0030] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of this application, form a part of this application, and the schematic embodiments and descriptions thereof are used to explain this application and do not constitute an improper limitation to this application. In the drawings:

[0031] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a movable automatic pressure measuring device for a rectangular open channel provided in the first embodiment of this application;

[0032] Figure 2 is a side view of a movable automatic pressure measuring device for a rectangular open channel provided in the first embodiment of this application;

[0033] Figure 3 is Figure 1 the enlarged view of part A in

[0034] Figure 4A top view cross-sectional view of a movable rectangular open channel automatic pressure measuring device provided in the first embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Figure 5 A structural schematic diagram of a movable rectangular open channel automatic flow measuring device provided in the second embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Figure 6 A front view of a movable rectangular open channel automatic flow measuring device provided in the second embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Figure 7 A flow layer division structural schematic diagram of a rectangular open channel automatic flow measuring method based on multi-flow layer water pressure monitoring provided in the fourth embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Figure 8 A flow chart of a rectangular open channel automatic flow measuring method based on multi-flow layer water pressure monitoring provided in the fourth embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Figure 9 For Figure 8 A flow chart of calculating the water flow velocity value in;

[0040] Figure 10 A functional structural schematic diagram of a rectangular open channel automatic flow measuring system based on multi-flow layer water pressure monitoring provided in the fifth embodiment of the present application;

[0041] Figure 11 For Figure 10 A functional structural schematic diagram of the water flow velocity value calculation module in;

[0042] In the figure:

[0043] 1 is a rectangular open channel, 10 is a support vertical rod, 20 is a telescopic cross bar, 30 is a sliding plate, 40 is a slider, 50 is a lifting assembly, 60 is a pressure measuring assembly, 70 is an ultrasonic water level gauge, 201 is a first cross bar, 202 is a second cross bar, 501 is a stepping motor, 502 is a lead screw, 503 is a lead screw base, 601 is a pressure measuring cross plate, 602 is a pressure sensor;

[0044] 100 is a water level information acquisition module, 110 is a flow layer division module, 120 is a water flow velocity value calculation module, 130 is a flow rate calculation module, 1201 is a total pressure value detection unit, 1202 is a static water pressure value calculation unit, 1203 is a dynamic water pressure value calculation unit, 1204 is a pressure velocity conversion unit. Detailed implementation manners

[0045] In order to make the technical solutions and advantages in the embodiments of the present application clearer and more understandable, the exemplary embodiments of the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than an exhaustive list of all embodiments. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0046] Embodiment 1

[0047] In view of the above problems, in Embodiment 1 of the present application, a movable automatic pressure measuring device for a rectangular open channel is provided, which is used to detect the water flow pressure in the rectangular open channel 1, and includes

[0048] Two symmetrically arranged supporting vertical rods 10, with vertical chutes provided on the inner sides of the two supporting vertical rods 10, and the two supporting vertical rods 10 are respectively in contact with the two side walls of the water passing section of the rectangular open channel 1;

[0049] A telescopic cross bar 20, with both ends of the telescopic cross bar 20 connected to the tops of the two supporting vertical rods 10, and the telescopic cross bar 20 can be telescopically adjusted along the width direction of the rectangular open channel 1;

[0050] A sliding plate 30, with sliders 40 connected to both ends of the sliding plate 30, and the two sliders 40 are respectively adapted to the two vertical chutes;

[0051] A lifting assembly 50, which is arranged between the telescopic cross bar 20 and the sliding plate 30, and the lifting assembly 50 drives the sliding plate 30 to drive the slider 40 to move vertically along the corresponding vertical chute;

[0052] A pressure measuring assembly 60, including a pressure measuring cross plate 601, and at least two pressure sensors 602 are evenly connected between the sliding plate 30 and the pressure measuring cross plate 601.

[0053] The automatic pressure measuring device provided in the first embodiment of the present application can accurately detect the pressure in a rectangular open channel, making the subsequent result of converting pressure data into flow data more accurate. The device can be placed in the water area to be measured in the rectangular open channel, reducing manual intervention, with high measurement efficiency. Each component provided in the first embodiment can be conveniently disassembled and installed, facilitating transportation and maintenance, and ensuring the measurement effect while keeping the cost low. The two support vertical rods are respectively attached to the two side walls of the water passing section of the rectangular open channel, enabling pressure detection in the width direction of the rectangular open channel and having a stable structure; the telescopic cross rod can be telescoped along the width direction of the rectangular open channel, with an adjustable structure, capable of adapting to the usage requirements of different rectangular open channels and having stronger applicability; the lifting assembly can drive the sliding plate to move vertically relative to the telescopic cross rod, and the vertical movement trajectory is consistent with the movement direction of the two sliders in the corresponding vertical sliding grooves, enabling the entire water flow section to be covered and pressure detection of different flow layers to be carried out, realizing the dynamic pressure measurement of the full-section water flow; the pressure measuring cross plate is connected to the sliding plate through a pressure sensor and moves with the movement of the sliding plate; the combination of the sliding plate and the lifting assembly realizes vertical dynamic coverage: vertical sliding grooves are provided inside the support vertical rods, which cooperate with the sliders at both ends of the sliding plate, and in combination with the lifting assembly, the vertical positioning of the pressure measuring cross plate with an accuracy of ±1 mm within a certain water depth range is realized, ensuring the full-section stratified pressure detection. To sum up, the pressure values at different positions on the water flow section to be measured can be measured, and the distribution and change of the water flow can be evaluated more comprehensively, further improving the measurement accuracy.

[0054] Specifically, the pressure sensor 602 is a waterproof strain type pressure sensor. The pressure sensor is waterproof to avoid the influence of the underwater operation environment on the sensor. Even in a high humidity or complex environment, the device can still operate stably, ensuring the reliability of the data and having a long service life. The setting direction of the pressure measuring cross plate is perpendicular to the water flow direction. The pressure measuring cross plate first comes into contact with the flowing water, and the force direction of the strain type pressure sensor is consistent with the water flow direction, capable of real-time monitoring of the change in water flow pressure and making the detected pressure data more accurate.

[0055] Specifically, the end of the telescopic cross rod 20 is connected to the top of the corresponding support vertical rod 10 through a third bolt assembly, which is convenient for installation and disassembly.

[0056] Furthermore, the sliding plate 30 and the pressure measuring cross plate 601 are flush with each other in the horizontal direction. In the present application, the sliding plate and the pressure measuring cross plate are flush with each other in the horizontal direction, so that in the water flow direction, the sliding plate and the pressure measuring cross plate are in an overlapping state, that is, the influence of the sliding plate on the water flow state is reduced, and the pressure sensor only detects the water flow pressure received by the pressure measuring cross plate.

[0057] Specifically, after the setting is completed, the lengths of the telescopic cross bar 20 and the pressure measuring cross plate are both consistent with or slightly less than the width of the rectangular open channel. While the structure is more stable and the measurement results are more accurate, the pressure measuring cross plate can move vertically freely in the channel, and it is also convenient to remove the automatic pressure measuring device after the detection is completed.

[0058] More specifically, all components in this application are made of stainless steel, which can better adapt to the underwater working state, prevent rusting, and ensure smooth sliding during the working process.

[0059] Further, the lifting assembly 50 includes: a driver, a stepping motor 501, a lead screw 502, and a lead screw base 503; the lead screw base 503 is arranged on the top of the sliding plate 30; the driver is connected to the input end of the stepping motor 501, one end of the lead screw 502 is connected to the output shaft of the stepping motor 501, and the other end of the lead screw 502 is threadedly connected to the middle part of the telescopic cross bar 20 and then connected to the lead screw base 503. Specifically, a rectangular nut is arranged in the middle of the telescopic cross bar 20, and the end of the lead screw 502 away from the stepping motor 501 is threadedly connected to the rectangular nut and then connected to the lead screw base 503.

[0060] Further, it also includes a power supply, which provides electricity for the entire automatic pressure measuring device.

[0061] In the first embodiment of this application, the power supply is used to supply power to the electrical equipment, ensuring the working stability of the automatic pressure measuring device and providing power support for the driver and the stepping motor. The output end of the driver is connected to the input end of the stepping motor. The driver converts the pulse signal into the current and voltage signals that can drive the stepping motor. After receiving the signal, the stepping motor makes the rotor rotate precisely by a fixed step distance through the electromagnetic principle, so as to achieve precise positioning and constant speed rotation. The output end of the stepping motor is connected to one end of the lead screw, and the other end of the lead screw is threadedly connected to the middle part of the telescopic cross bar and then connected to the lead screw base. When the output end of the stepping motor rotates, it drives the lead screw to rotate synchronously. During the rotation of the lead screw, it drives the lead screw base, the sliding plate, the pressure sensor, and the pressure measuring cross plate to move vertically, realizes the automatic precise control of the stepping motor through the driver, and then controls the lead screw to move precisely by a set distance, avoiding manual intervention and reducing human error, enabling the pressure measuring cross plate to move up and down automatically, covering the entire cross section of the water flow, measuring the water flow pressure of different flow layers, and having an automatic start-stop function, ensuring the stability of each measurement and facilitating measurement and recording.

[0062] Furthermore, an ultrasonic water level gauge 70 is provided on the telescopic cross bar 20. By setting the ultrasonic water level gauge, the water level information can be obtained more conveniently and accurately, and then the driving distance of the stepping motor can be controlled, making the measurement effect more accurate. Specifically, the ultrasonic water level gauge 70 is connected to the telescopic cross bar 20 through fixing bolts, and the measurement direction is perpendicular to the water surface. Such a setting of the ultrasonic water level gauge can ensure that it is not interfered by other components during the flow measurement process, and the measurement result is more accurate, facilitating the control of the vertical positions of the pressure measuring cross plate and the pressure sensor.

[0063] Furthermore, the pressure measuring cross plate 601 and the pressure sensor 602 are connected together through a first bolt assembly. By using the first bolt assembly to detachably connect the pressure measuring cross plate and the pressure sensor, it is convenient for installation and disassembly, and also for later maintenance. Specifically, the pressure sensor 602 and the sliding plate 30 are connected together through a second bolt assembly.

[0064] Furthermore, the telescopic cross bar 20 includes a first cross bar 201 and two second cross bars 202 sleeved on both ends of the first cross bar 201 respectively; one end of the second cross bar 202 far from the first cross bar 201 is connected to the adjacent support vertical bar 10; a plurality of positioning holes are arranged on both the first cross bar 201 and the second cross bar 202 along the setting direction of the first cross bar 201. By connecting any positioning hole on the first cross bar 201 and any positioning hole on the second cross bar 202 with bolts, the length of the telescopic cross bar 20 is adapted to the width of the rectangular open channel 1.

[0065] The positioning holes on the first cross bar and the positioning holes on the second cross bar are fixedly connected by bolts. The setting of a plurality of positioning holes can realize the telescoping of the telescopic cross bar, making the length of the telescopic cross bar adapt to the width of the rectangular open channel, and can quickly adapt to a variety of rectangular open channels with different widths, significantly improving the applicability of the device. Connecting by bolts improves the stability of the connection structure.

[0066] More specifically, by connecting any positioning hole on the first cross bar 201 and any positioning hole on the second cross bar 202 with bolts, the length of the telescopic cross bar 20 is adapted to the width of the rectangular open channel, wherein the length of the telescopic cross bar 20, the width of the rectangular open channel 1, and the length of the pressure measuring cross plate 601 are all adapted. The common lengths of the pressure measuring cross plate 601 are 0.5 meters, 1 meter, 2 meters, 3 meters, 5 meters, etc., which can be applicable to rectangular open channels with different widths, having strong flexibility and expandability.

[0067] Embodiment 2

[0068] Embodiment 2 of the present application provides a movable rectangular open channel automatic flow measurement device, including a rectangular open channel and an automatic pressure measurement device arranged along the width direction of the rectangular open channel. The automatic pressure measurement device is the movable rectangular open channel automatic pressure measurement device described in any one of the above. The automatic flow measurement device further includes a digital transmitter and a host computer. The pressure sensor 602 in the automatic pressure measurement device is electrically connected to the digital transmitter, and the digital transmitter is electrically connected to the host computer through an RS485 interface. The host computer is electrically connected to the ultrasonic water level gauge in the automatic pressure measurement device and the driver in the lifting assembly 50 through RS485 interfaces. Further, the host computer receives data through the Modbus RTU protocol.

[0069] Specifically, the host computer has a storage module and a display module. The storage module is used to store the received data in real time and store the historical data for subsequent data analysis and use. The display module is used to display the data, which can be displayed more intuitively, facilitating the observation and corresponding processing by the staff.

[0070] The automatic flow measurement device provided in Embodiment 2 of the present application monitors the water flow pressure at different positions of the cross-section of the rectangular open channel through the automatic pressure measurement device. Then, the data transmitter converts the detected pressure data into digital signals and transmits them to the host computer through the RS485 interface. The host computer calculates the flow rate of the rectangular open channel through the flow rate-pressure calculation formula. Among them, the RS485 interface transmits data through differential signals to ensure data stability and anti-interference ability during long-distance transmission. During actual use, the ultrasonic water level gauge is responsible for continuously monitoring the water level change and transmitting the water level information to the host computer in real time. According to the received water level information data, the host computer can perform real-time calculation and analysis, generate a stepping motor control signal, and precisely control the start and moving distance of the stepping motor through the driver. In this way, the host computer can automatically adjust the working state of the flow measurement system according to the water level change, optimizing the accuracy and reliability of the flow measurement. The integration of this system effectively improves the flow measurement accuracy and automation level, providing a more accurate and efficient solution for flow monitoring.

[0071] The host computer mainly receives data through the Modbus RTU protocol, performs real-time pressure value recording, data trend graph drawing, historical data analysis, data conversion and other processes according to the received digital signals, calculates the pressure data into flow measurement data, realizes accurate flow measurement of the rectangular open channel, facilitates long-term monitoring and data management, and the whole process can be automatically realized, with a high degree of automation, reducing manual intervention and improving the flow measurement accuracy and efficiency.

[0072] Embodiment 3

[0073] Embodiment 3 of the present application provides a method for using a movable rectangular open channel automatic flow measurement device as described above, including:

[0074] Install the automatic pressure measurement device in the basin to be measured;

[0075] Through the host computer, control the ultrasonic water level gauge to measure the water level information of the basin to be measured in real time, calculate the hydrostatic pressure values of each flow layer, and transmit the hydrostatic pressure values of each flow layer to the host computer through the digital transmitter;

[0076] Divide the cross-section of the rectangular open channel in the basin to be measured into multiple flow layers from bottom to top;

[0077] Through the host computer, control the lifting component to move the pressure measurement cross plate to the bottommost flow layer in the cross-section, that is, the first flow layer, and detect the total pressure value of the first flow layer through two pressure sensors;

[0078] Through the host computer, control the lifting component to move the pressure measurement cross plate upward at equal distances, and detect the total pressure values of all flow layers in the cross-section one by one; the moving distance is consistent with the height of the pressure measurement cross plate and the height of each flow layer;

[0079] Stop for a period of time after each movement. During the stop time, detect the total pressure value of the current flow layer through the pressure sensor, and transmit the detected total pressure value of the current flow layer to the host computer through the digital transmitter;

[0080] Calculate the flow velocity and flow rate of the rectangular open channel through the host computer. Specifically, installing the automatic pressure measurement device in the basin to be measured specifically includes:

[0081] Symmetrically arrange two support vertical rods 10 at positions that fit the two side walls of the rectangular open channel;

[0082] Embed the slider 40 in the corresponding support vertical rod 10 and slide it in the corresponding vertical chute;

[0083] Connect the two ends of the sliding plate 30 to the two sliders 40 respectively;

[0084] Connect the two ends of the telescopic cross bar 20 to the two support vertical rods 10 respectively;

[0085] The bottom of the lead screw 502 in the lifting component 50 penetrates through the telescopic cross bar 20 and is connected to the lead screw base 503 on the top of the sliding plate 30;

[0086] Install the ultrasonic water level gauge 70 on the telescopic cross bar so that the measurement direction of the ultrasonic water level gauge 70 is perpendicular to the water surface;

[0087] Connect the pressure measurement cross plate 601 to the sliding plate 30 through at least two pressure sensors 602.

[0088] More specifically, in the lifting component, the stepper motor has a self-starting and stopping function, and the stopping time after each movement can be 5 s. Setting the stopping time leaves a detection time for the pressure sensor, making the measurement result more accurate.

[0089] Example 4

[0090] Specifically, the present application also provides a rectangular open channel automatic flow measurement method based on multi-layer water flow pressure monitoring, including:

[0091] Real-time measuring the water level information of the watershed to be measured by an ultrasonic water level gauge;

[0092] Dividing the cross-section of the rectangular open channel in the watershed to be measured into multiple flow layers from bottom to top; except for the topmost flow layer, the areas of other flow layers are equal, that is, the height of each flow layer except the topmost flow layer is the same;

[0093] Calculating the dynamic water pressure values of each flow layer in the cross-section according to the water level information, and converting the dynamic water pressure values of each flow layer in the cross-section into the water flow velocity values of the corresponding flow layers;

[0094] Calculating the flow rate of each flow layer based on the velocity-area method according to the water flow velocity values of each flow layer in the cross-section, and the sum of the flow rates of each flow layer can obtain the flow rate of the rectangular open channel.

[0095] The rectangular open channel automatic flow measurement method provided by the present application does not require manual intervention, is simple to operate, has strong applicability and real-time performance, and has a low cost and does not require the use of high-cost equipment; it is not limited to measuring the velocity information of a single measurement point, thereby making the measurement effect more accurate, and can be applied to a relatively complex fluid flow environment, providing more powerful data support for scientific and reasonable water resource allocation. In the present application, the water level information is measured by an ultrasonic water level gauge, and at the same time, the position where the cross-section of the rectangular open channel is located can be obtained; the cross-section of the rectangular open channel is divided into multiple flow layers from bottom to top, the bottommost flow layer is used as the first layer, except for the topmost flow layer, the areas of other flow layers are equal, that is, the height of each flow layer except the topmost flow layer is the same;; then the flow rate of each flow layer in the cross-section is calculated separately, and the sum can obtain the flow rate of the rectangular open channel. The measurement method is simple, the measurement efficiency is high, and the measurement result is more accurate.

[0096] Further, the calculating the dynamic water pressure values of each flow layer in the cross-section according to the water level information, and converting the dynamic water pressure values of each flow layer in the cross-section into the water flow velocity values of the corresponding flow layers specifically includes:

[0097] Detecting the total pressure values of each flow layer from bottom to top by an automatic pressure measuring device, and the detected total pressure value of the i-th flow layer is P 总i ;

[0098] Calculate the hydrostatic pressure value P of the i-th flow layer based on the water level information 静i ;

[0099] The calculated total pressure value P of the i-th flow layer 总i Subtract the hydrostatic pressure value P of the corresponding flow layer 静i , we can get the dynamic water pressure value P of the i-th flow layer i ;

[0100] According to the pressure-flow velocity conversion formula, the dynamic water pressure value P of the i-th flow layer i Converted to the water flow velocity value of the i-th flow layer.

[0101] In the present application, the total pressure value of each flow layer is detected from bottom to top through an automatic pressure measuring device. The hydrostatic pressure value of each flow layer can be calculated by the water level information of the measured basin measured in real time by an ultrasonic water level meter. The dynamic water pressure value of the flow layer can be obtained by subtracting the hydrostatic pressure value from the total pressure value of the corresponding flow layer. Then, the water flow velocity value of the flow layer can be calculated through the pressure-flow velocity conversion formula, which facilitates the subsequent flow calculation.

[0102] More specifically, the total pressure value of each flow layer is detected from bottom to top by an automatic pressure measuring device, and the total pressure value of the i-th flow layer is P 总i ; Among them, the total pressure value of the i-th flow layer is P 总i The calculation formula is:

[0103] When i=1,2,3,...,n-1,the total pressure value of the i-th flow layer Where n represents the number of flow layers in the water section, F 合 It represents the sum of the pressure data collected by all pressure sensors, a represents the width of the rectangular open channel, in m, and b represents the height of the flow layer, in m;

[0104] When i=n, the total pressure value of the nth flow layer In the formula, h represents the water depth of the water-passing section, and the unit is m. In the present application, the total pressure value of each flow layer can be conveniently calculated through the pressure data collected by the pressure sensor.

[0105] Furthermore, the hydrostatic pressure value P of the i-th flow layer is calculated 静i , including:

[0106] When i=1, the calculation formula of hydrostatic pressure value is:

[0107] In the formula, a represents the width of the rectangular open channel, in m; b represents the height of the flow layer, in m; and ρ represents the water flow density, in kg / m 3, where \(g\) represents the acceleration due to gravity, with the unit of \(m / s\). 2 , where \(h\) represents the water depth of the cross-section of the flowing water, with the unit of \(m\);

[0108] When \(i = 2, 3, \cdots, n\), where \(n\) represents the number of flow layers in the cross-section of the flowing water, the calculation formula for the hydrostatic pressure value is:

[0109] After the water level information of the basin to be measured is obtained in real time through the ultrasonic water level gauge in this application, the cross-section of the flowing water can be obtained. After dividing the flow layers, \(n\) can be obtained, and then the hydrostatic pressure values of the first flow layer and other flow layers can be calculated separately, and the calculation results are more accurate.

[0110] Furthermore, the pressure-flow velocity conversion formula is: The calculation formula for the water flow velocity value of the \(i\)-th flow layer is:

[0111]

[0112] That is, when \(i = 1\),

[0113] When \(i = 2, 3, \cdots, n\),

[0114] In this application, through the pressure-flow velocity conversion formula, the water flow velocity values corresponding to each flow layer can be calculated. The calculation process is simple, and the flow velocity value of each flow layer can be obtained conveniently.

[0115] Furthermore, the flow rate of the \(i\)-th flow layer in the cross-section of the flowing water is:

[0116] The calculation formula for the flow rate of a rectangular open channel is: In the formula, \(\gamma\) represents the turbulence correction coefficient, which can be calibrated through experiments.

[0117] In this application, the flow rate of each flow layer is calculated by the area-flow velocity method, and then the flow rates of each flow layer are accumulated to obtain the flow rate in the rectangular open channel.

[0118] It should be understood that although the steps in the flowchart are shown sequentially according to the arrows, these steps are not necessarily executed in the order indicated by the arrows. Unless otherwise clearly stated in this article, there is no strict order restriction for the execution of these steps, and these steps can be executed in other orders. Moreover, at least a part of the steps in the figure may include multiple sub-steps or multiple stages. These sub-steps or stages are not necessarily executed at the same moment, but can be executed at different moments. The execution order of these sub-steps or stages is not necessarily sequential either, but can be executed alternately or in turn with at least a part of other steps or sub-steps or stages of other steps.

[0119] Example 5

[0120] The present application also provides a rectangular open channel automatic flow measurement system based on multi-layer water flow pressure monitoring, including a module for implementing the rectangular open channel automatic flow measurement method based on multi-layer water flow pressure monitoring as described in any one of the above.

[0121] Since the automatic flow measurement system provided by the present application includes a module for implementing the above automatic flow measurement method, it can be considered that the automatic flow measurement system provided by the present application also has the same beneficial effects as the above automatic flow measurement method. To avoid being verbose, it will not be elaborated here.

[0122] Specifically, the rectangular open channel automatic flow measurement system includes:

[0123] A water level information acquisition module 100 for measuring the water level information of the to-be-measured basin in real time through an ultrasonic water level gauge;

[0124] A flow layer division module 110 for dividing the cross-section of the rectangular open channel in the to-be-measured basin into multiple flow layers from bottom to top;

[0125] A water flow velocity value calculation module 120 for calculating the dynamic water pressure values of each flow layer in the cross-section according to the water level information and converting the dynamic water pressure values of each flow layer in the cross-section into the water flow velocity values of the corresponding flow layers;

[0126] A flow rate calculation module 130 for calculating the flow rates of each flow layer based on the velocity-area method according to the water flow velocity values of each flow layer in the cross-section, and the sum of the flow rates of each flow layer can obtain the flow rate of the rectangular open channel.

[0127] Furthermore, the water flow velocity value calculation module 120 includes:

[0128] A total pressure value detection unit 1201 for detecting the total pressure values of each flow layer from bottom to top through an automatic pressure measuring device, and the detected total pressure value of the i-th flow layer is P 总i ;

[0129] A static water pressure value calculation unit 1202 for calculating the static water pressure value P of the i-th flow layer according to the water level information 静i ;

[0130] A dynamic water pressure value calculation unit 1203 for subtracting the calculated static water pressure value P of the i-th flow layer 总i from the total pressure value P of the corresponding flow layer 静i to obtain the dynamic water pressure value P of the i-th flow layer i ;

[0131] A pressure-flow rate conversion unit 1204 is configured to convert the hydrodynamic pressure value P of the i-th flow layer into the water flow velocity value of the i-th flow layer according to the pressure-flow rate conversion formula. i into the water flow velocity value of the i-th flow layer.

[0132] Embodiment Six

[0133] The present application further provides an electronic device, including:

[0134] a memory;

[0135] a processor; and

[0136] a computer program;

[0137] wherein, the computer program is stored in the memory and is configured to be executed by the processor to implement the rectangular open channel automatic flow measurement method as described in any one of the above.

[0138] Embodiment Seven

[0139] The present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored; the computer program is executed by a processor to implement the rectangular open channel automatic flow measurement method as described in any one of the above.

[0140] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "middle", "lateral", "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "vertical", "horizontal", "vertical direction", "top", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present application.

[0141] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present application, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0142] In this application, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, terms such as "installed", "connected", "linked", "fixed", etc. shall be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or integrated; it may be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or capable of communicating with each other; it may be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it may be the internal communication of two components or the interaction relationship between two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0143] Although the preferred embodiments of this application have been described, those skilled in the art can make additional changes and modifications to these embodiments once they learn the basic creative concept. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be construed to include the preferred embodiments as well as all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of this application.

[0144] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to this application without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. Thus, if these modifications and variations of this application fall within the scope of the claims of this application and their equivalent technologies, this application is also intended to include these changes and modifications.

Claims

1. A movable automatic pressure measuring device for rectangular open channels, which is used to detect the water flow pressure in a rectangular open channel (1), and is characterized in that, Comprising: Two symmetrically arranged support vertical rods (10), with vertical sliding grooves provided on the inner sides of the two support vertical rods (10), and the two support vertical rods (10) are respectively attached to the two side walls of the water passing section of the rectangular open channel (1); A telescopic cross rod (20), with both ends of the telescopic cross rod (20) respectively connected to the tops of the two support vertical rods (10), and the telescopic cross rod (20) can be telescopically adjusted along the width direction of the rectangular open channel (1); A sliding plate (30), with sliders (40) connected to both ends of the sliding plate (30), and the two sliders (40) are respectively adapted to the two vertical sliding grooves; A lifting assembly (50), with the lifting assembly (50) arranged between the telescopic cross rod (20) and the sliding plate (30), and the lifting assembly (50) drives the sliding plate (30) to drive the slider (40) to move vertically along the corresponding vertical sliding groove; A pressure measuring assembly (60), including a pressure measuring cross plate (601), with both ends of the pressure measuring cross plate (601) respectively close to the two side walls of the rectangular open channel; at least two pressure sensors (602) are evenly connected between the sliding plate (30) and the pressure measuring cross plate (601).

2. The movable rectangular open channel automatic piezometric device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sliding plate (30) and the pressure measuring cross plate (601) are arranged flush in the horizontal direction.

3. The movable rectangular open channel automatic piezometric device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lifting assembly (50) includes: a driver, a stepping motor (501), a lead screw (502) and a lead screw base (503); the lead screw base (503) is arranged on the top of the sliding plate (30); The driver is connected to the input end of the stepping motor (501), one end of the lead screw (502) is connected to the output shaft of the stepping motor (501), and the other end of the lead screw (502) is threadedly connected to the middle of the telescopic cross rod (20) and then connected to the lead screw base (503).

4. The movable rectangular open channel automatic piezometric device according to claim 1, characterized in that, An ultrasonic water level gauge (70) is arranged on the telescopic cross rod (20).

5. The movable rectangular open channel automatic piezometric device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pressure measuring cross plate (601) and the pressure sensor (602) are connected together through a first bolt assembly.

6. The movable rectangular open channel automatic piezometric device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The telescopic cross rod (20) includes a first cross rod (201) and two second cross rods (202) respectively sleeved at both ends of the first cross rod (201); One end of the second cross rod (202) far from the first cross rod (201) is connected to the adjacent support vertical rod (10); a plurality of positioning holes are arranged on both the first cross rod (201) and the second cross rod (202) along the setting direction of the first cross rod (201), and any positioning hole on the first cross rod (201) and any positioning hole on the second cross rod (202) are connected by bolts to make the length of the telescopic cross rod (20) adapt to the width of the rectangular open channel (1).

7. The movable rectangular open channel automatic piezometric device according to claim 3, characterized in that, It also includes a power supply, and the power supply provides electricity for the entire automatic pressure measuring device.

8. A movable automatic flow measuring device for rectangular open channels, characterized in that, It includes a rectangular open channel (1) and an automatic pressure measuring device arranged along the width direction of the rectangular open channel (1), and the automatic pressure measuring device is a movable rectangular open channel automatic pressure measuring device as described in any one of claims 1 to 7; The automatic flow measuring device also includes a digital transmitter and a host computer; The pressure sensor (602) in the automatic pressure measuring device is electrically connected to the digital transmitter, and the digital transmitter is electrically connected to the host computer through an RS485 interface.

9. The movable rectangular open channel automatic flow measurement device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The host computer receives data through the Modbus RTU protocol.

10. A method for using a movable automatic flow measurement device for a rectangular open channel as described in claim 8, characterized in that, Including: Install the automatic pressure measuring device in the basin to be measured; Control the ultrasonic water level gauge by the host computer to measure the water level information of the basin to be measured in real time, calculate the hydrostatic pressure values of each flow layer, and transmit the hydrostatic pressure values of each flow layer to the host computer through the digital transmitter; Divide the cross-section of the rectangular open channel in the basin to be measured into multiple flow layers from bottom to top; Control the lifting component by the host computer to move the pressure measuring cross plate to the bottommost flow layer in the cross-section, that is, the first flow layer, and detect the total pressure value of the first flow layer through two pressure sensors; Control the lifting component by the host computer to move the pressure measuring cross plate upward at equal distances, and detect the total pressure values of all flow layers in the cross-section one by one; the moving distance is consistent with the height of the pressure measuring cross plate and the height of each flow layer; Stop for a period of time after each movement. During the stop time, detect the total pressure value of the current flow layer through the pressure sensor, and transmit the detected total pressure value of the current flow layer to the host computer through the digital transmitter; Calculate the flow velocity and flow rate of the rectangular open channel by the host computer.

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