Rapid optimal configuration method for lightning arrester

Abstract

The invention discloses a rapid optimal configuration method for lightning arresters, and belongs to the technical field of lightning arrester installation, and the method comprises the steps: additionally arranging the lightning arresters at the two ends of a power transmission line based on a pre-established lightning overvoltage simulation model, simulating the working condition of a lightning counterattack tower, and obtaining an overvoltage maximum value distribution curve along the line; dividing the power transmission line into three sections based on the distribution curve of the maximum value of the overvoltage along the line, and obtaining the distribution rule of the maximum value of the average overvoltage of the segmented line; according to the distribution rule of the average overvoltage maximum value of the segmented line, the installation position of the lightning arrester is adjusted; when the installation position of the lightning arrester is adjusted, the optimal installation position of the lightning arrester is rapidly determined by taking the minimum average lightning overvoltage of the line as an optimization target based on a PSCAD automatic library in combination with an automatic optimization algorithm; according to the invention, rapid optimal configuration of the lightning arrester is realized, and the lightning overvoltage suppression effect is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for rapid optimization of arrester configuration, belonging to the technical field of arrester installation. Background Art

[0002] Gas-insulated metal-enclosed transmission lines (GIL) have a wide range of application scenarios. Generally, they are laid directly buried and are vulnerable to lightning intrusion waves. Due to its unique internal structure, the internal lightning overvoltage characteristics of ultra-high voltage direct current gas-insulated metal-enclosed transmission lines are different from those of ultra-high voltage direct current overhead transmission lines. Therefore, the traditional method for optimizing arrester configuration is no longer applicable.

[0003] Patent No. CN106229959A provides a method for suppressing overvoltage in ultra-high voltage direct current transmission lines. By obtaining the maximum overvoltage distribution curve along the transmission line after a monopole ground fault occurs, determining the distribution positions of the maximum overvoltages greater than the overvoltage threshold in the maximum overvoltage distribution curve along the line, and installing arresters at the corresponding positions in the bipolar DC line. This method is mainly applicable to ultra-high voltage direct current transmission over long distances (greater than 2000 km). When applied to short-distance gas-insulated metal-enclosed transmission lines, the arrester installation positions are concentrated and the overvoltage suppression effect is low.

[0004] Patent No. CN113162012A arranges a group of zinc oxide arresters at both ends of the line respectively, and arranges a group of arresters every 150 km along the line; assuming that the 1 / 4 position of the ultra-high voltage half-wavelength transmission line is a multi-thunder area, it is proposed that when lightning strikes at about 1 / 4 of the line, a group of zinc oxide arresters are arranged every 50 km from the first section to 1 / 10, a group of arresters are arranged at 3 / 20, a group of zinc oxide arresters are arranged every 50 km from 1 / 5 to 1 / 3, and the rest are arranged every 150 km. This method is mainly applicable to long-distance AC transmission, and for ultra-high voltage direct current gas-insulated metal-enclosed transmission lines with lengths of 5 km and 10 km, the accuracy is low and it is no longer applicable.

[0005] The above methods all require manually adjusting the arrester position to observe the overvoltage suppression effect of the line, and the operation is cumbersome and complex. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and provide a method for rapid optimization of arrester configuration, which realizes the rapid optimization of arrester configuration and improves the lightning overvoltage suppression effect.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention is implemented by the following technical solutions: In the first aspect, the present invention provides a method for rapid optimization of arrester configuration, including: Based on a pre-established lightning overvoltage simulation model, lightning arresters are installed at both ends of the transmission line to simulate the condition of lightning striking the tower, and the distribution curve of the maximum overvoltage along the line is obtained. Based on the distribution curve of the maximum overvoltage along the line, the transmission line is divided into three sections, and the distribution law of the average maximum overvoltage of the segmented line is obtained. According to the distribution law of the average maximum overvoltage of the segmented line, the installation position of the lightning arrester is adjusted. When adjusting the installation position of the lightning arrester, based on the PSCAD automation library combined with an automatic optimization algorithm, with the minimum average lightning overvoltage of the line as the optimization goal, the optimal installation position of the lightning arrester is quickly determined.

[0008] Furthermore, the lightning overvoltage simulation model includes a UHV DC overhead line, a tower, a lightning current model, and a lightning arrester model.

[0009] Furthermore, the lightning current model is modeled with a double-exponential waveform, the tower is modeled with a multi-wave impedance model, and the lightning arrester is modeled with an IEEE model.

[0010] Furthermore, the accuracy of the distribution curve of the maximum overvoltage along the line is 1% of the line length.

[0011] Furthermore, based on the distribution curve of the maximum overvoltage along the line, the transmission line is divided into three sections, specifically: the transmission line is divided into section Ⅰ, section Ⅱ, and section Ⅲ. Among them, section Ⅰ is from the left end of the line to the position of the left lightning arrester, with a length of x; section Ⅱ is from the right end of the line to the position of the right lightning arrester, with a length of y; section Ⅲ is from the position of the left lightning arrester to the position of the right lightning arrester, with a length of L - x - y.

[0012] Furthermore, the distribution law of the average maximum overvoltage of the segmented line is specifically: Section Ⅰ corresponds to the position from the left end of the line to the position of the left lightning arrester, and its average maximum overvoltage is the smallest. Section Ⅲ corresponds to the position from the left end to the right end of the lightning arrester, and its average maximum overvoltage is the largest.

[0013] Furthermore, adjusting the installation position of the lightning arrester according to the distribution law of the average maximum overvoltage of the segmented line includes: Based on the distribution law of the average maximum overvoltage of the segmented line, with the goal of expanding section Ⅰ and shrinking section Ⅲ, by increasing the position parameter x of the left lightning arrester and decreasing the position parameter y of the right lightning arrester, the installation position of the lightning arrester is adjusted.

[0014] Furthermore, based on the PSCAD automation library combined with an automatic optimization algorithm, with the minimum average lightning overvoltage of the line as the optimization goal, quickly determining the optimal installation position of the lightning arrester includes: Set the initial search range and step size for the installation location of the lightning arrester; Based on the PSCAD automation library, conduct multiple simulation calculations to obtain the average lightning overvoltage of the line at different installation locations of the lightning arrester; Through iterative comparison, select the installation location of the lightning arrester that minimizes the average lightning overvoltage of the line as the optimal solution.

[0015] Furthermore, the method is applicable to UHV DC gas-insulated metal-enclosed transmission lines with a length of 5 km to 10 km.

[0016] Furthermore, the lightning arrester is a zinc oxide lightning arrester.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention: The present invention provides a method for rapid optimization of lightning arrester configuration. By analyzing the influence law of the lightning arrester position on the maximum value of lightning overvoltage at each point of the line, the line is segmented, and the installation position of the lightning arrester is quickly determined through the PSCAD automation library combined with an automatic optimization algorithm. Compared with the traditional methods of installing lightning arresters at the maximum value of lightning overvoltage and installing lightning arresters at fixed positions, the maximum value of the average lightning overvoltage of the line is smaller, the method is faster, and it has more general applicability. Description of the Drawings

[0018] Figure 1 is a flowchart of a method for rapid optimization of lightning arrester configuration provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 is a structural diagram of the UHV DC gas-insulated metal-enclosed transmission line in the simulation model established by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 is a distribution curve diagram of the maximum overvoltage along the UHV DC gas-insulated metal-enclosed transmission line without lightning arresters in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 is a sectional view of the distribution curve of the maximum overvoltage along the UHV DC gas-insulated metal-enclosed transmission line in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 is a comparison diagram of the distribution of the maximum overvoltage along the UHV DC gas-insulated metal-enclosed transmission line with different schemes in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 is a comparison diagram of the distribution of the maximum overvoltage along the UHV DC gas-insulated metal-enclosed transmission line for finding the optimal scheme in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 is the final comparison diagram of the distribution of the maximum overvoltage along the UHV DC gas-insulated metal-enclosed transmission line in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Embodiment

[0019] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention and should not be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0020] Embodiment 1. This embodiment introduces a method for rapid optimization of arrester configuration, including: Based on a pre-established lightning overvoltage simulation model, arresters are installed at both ends of the transmission line to simulate the lightning back-striking tower condition, and the maximum overvoltage distribution curve along the line is obtained. Based on the maximum overvoltage distribution curve along the line, the transmission line is divided into three sections, and the distribution law of the average maximum overvoltage of the segmented line is obtained. According to the distribution law of the average maximum overvoltage of the segmented line, the installation position of the arrester is adjusted. When adjusting the installation position of the arrester, based on the PSCAD automation library combined with an automatic optimization algorithm, with the minimum average lightning overvoltage of the line as the optimization goal, the best installation position of the arrester is quickly determined.

[0021] As Figure 1 shown, the application process of the method for rapid optimization of arrester configuration provided in this embodiment specifically involves the following steps: ① Establish a lightning overvoltage simulation model for a UHV DC gas-insulated metal-enclosed transmission line, including simulation models such as UHV DC overhead lines, towers, lightning currents, and arresters.

[0022] ② Zinc oxide arresters are installed at both ends of the UHV DC gas-insulated metal-enclosed transmission line to simulate lightning back-striking the tower, and the maximum overvoltage distribution curve along the UHV DC gas-insulated metal-enclosed transmission line is obtained, with an accuracy of 1% of the line length.

[0023] ③ Assume the length of the gas-insulated metal-enclosed transmission line is L, and two arresters are installed in it. The transmission line is divided into three sections. Section Ⅰ is from the left end of the line to the position of the left arrester, with a length of x. Section Ⅱ is from the right end of the line to the position of the right arrester, with a length of y. Section Ⅲ is from the position of the left arrester to the position of the right arrester, with a length of L - x - y.

[0024] ④ By observing Sections Ⅰ, Ⅱ, and Ⅲ of the line, it can be seen that the average maximum overvoltage of Section Ⅰ of the line is the smallest, and the average maximum overvoltage of Section Ⅲ of the line is the largest. Therefore, Section Ⅰ should be expanded and Section Ⅲ should be reduced. Therefore, x is gradually increased and y is decreased.

[0025] ⑤ Through the PSCAD automation library combined with an automatic optimization algorithm, with the minimum average lightning overvoltage of the line as the optimization goal, the best installation position of the arrester is quickly found.

[0026] The following combines a preferred embodiment to illustrate the content involved in the above embodiments.

[0027] This embodiment provides a method for rapid optimization of arrester configuration, which includes four steps as follows: ① Establish a lightning overvoltage simulation model for UHV DC gas-insulated metal-enclosed transmission lines, including simulation models of UHV DC overhead lines, towers, lightning currents, arresters, etc. The lightning current model adopts a double-exponential waveform, the tower adopts a multi-wave impedance model for modeling, the arrester selects the IEEE model, and the line structure is as Figure 2 shown.

[0028] ② Install zinc oxide arresters at both ends of the UHV DC gas-insulated metal-enclosed transmission line, simulate lightning back-striking the tower, and obtain the maximum distribution curve of the overvoltage along the UHV DC gas-insulated metal-enclosed transmission line. See Figure 3 , the line length is 5 km. The maximum value of the internal lightning overvoltage of the gas-insulated metal-enclosed transmission line shows an upward trend with the increase of the distance and reaches the highest at 3 km of the line.

[0029] ③ The length of the gas-insulated metal-enclosed transmission line is 5 km. Arresters are installed at 1 km and 4 km respectively, as Figure 4 shown. The transmission line is divided into three sections. Section I is from the left end of the line to the position of the left arrester, with a length of x. Section II is from the right end of the line to the position of the right arrester, with a length of y. Section III is from the position of the left arrester to the position of the right arrester, with a length of L - x - y.

[0030] ④ Install arresters at 50 m, 100 m, 200 m, 300 m, 400 m, and 500 m respectively from the left and right sides. The maximum distribution curve of the overvoltage along the gas-insulated metal-enclosed transmission line is as Figure 5 shown. By observing Sections I, II, and III of the line, it can be seen that the average maximum overvoltage of Section I is the smallest, and the average maximum overvoltage of Section III is the largest. Therefore, Section I should be expanded and Section III should be reduced. Thus, x is gradually increased and y is decreased.

[0031] ⑤ Through the PSCAD automation library combined with an automatic optimization algorithm, with the average lightning overvoltage of the line as the optimization target, the best installation position of the arrester is quickly determined. The partial automatic optimization process is as follows. Install arresters at 1 km from the left and right sides, 2.5 km from the left and 200 m from the right, 3 km from the left and 200 m from the right, 4 km from the left and 200 m from the right, 4 km from the left and 50 m from the right. The maximum distribution curve of the overvoltage along the gas-insulated metal-enclosed transmission line is shown in Figure 6 , so it is determined that the arrester installation position is 4 km from the left and 200 m from the right. The maximum distribution curve of the overvoltage along the gas-insulated metal-enclosed transmission line of this arrester installation scheme and without installing arresters is shown in Figure 7, It can be seen that this solution significantly reduces its lightning overvoltage.

[0032] In this embodiment, by analyzing the influence law of the arrester position on the maximum value of lightning overvoltage at each point of the line, the line is segmented, and the arrester installation position is quickly determined through the PSCAD automation library combined with the automatic optimization algorithm. Compared with the traditional methods of installing arresters at the maximum value of lightning overvoltage and installing arresters at fixed positions, the maximum value of the average lightning overvoltage of the line is smaller, the method is faster, and it has more general applicability.

[0033] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, several improvements and deformations can be made, and these improvements and deformations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for rapid optimization of arrester configuration, characterized in that Including: Based on a pre-established lightning overvoltage simulation model, lightning arresters are installed at both ends of the transmission line to simulate the condition of lightning striking the tower, and the distribution curve of the maximum overvoltage along the line is obtained; Based on the distribution curve of the maximum overvoltage along the line, the transmission line is divided into three sections, and the distribution law of the average maximum overvoltage of the segmented line is obtained; According to the distribution law of the average maximum overvoltage of the segmented line, the installation position of the lightning arrester is adjusted; When adjusting the installation position of the lightning arrester, based on the PSCAD automation library combined with an automatic optimization algorithm, with the minimum average lightning overvoltage of the line as the optimization goal, the optimal installation position of the lightning arrester is quickly determined.

2. The method for rapid optimization configuration of a lightning arrester according to claim 1, characterized in that The lightning overvoltage simulation model includes a UHV DC overhead line, a tower, a lightning current model and a lightning arrester model.

3. The method for rapidly optimizing the configuration of a lightning arrester according to claim 1, wherein The lightning current model is modeled with a double-exponential waveform, the tower is modeled with a multi-wave impedance model, and the lightning arrester is modeled with the IEEE model.

4. The method for rapid optimization configuration of lightning arresters according to claim 1, wherein The accuracy of the distribution curve of the maximum overvoltage along the line is 1% of the line length.

5. The method for rapid optimization of arrester configuration according to claim 1, characterized in that Based on the distribution curve of the maximum overvoltage along the line, the transmission line is divided into three sections, specifically: the transmission line is divided into section Ⅰ, section Ⅱ and section Ⅲ. Among them, section Ⅰ is from the left end of the line to the position of the left-end lightning arrester, with a length of x; section Ⅱ is from the right end of the line to the position of the right-end lightning arrester, with a length of y; section Ⅲ is from the position of the left-end lightning arrester to the position of the right-end lightning arrester, with a length of L - x - y.

6. The method for rapidly optimizing the configuration of a lightning arrester according to claim 5, characterized in that The distribution law of the average maximum overvoltage of the segmented line is specifically: Section Ⅰ corresponds to the position from the left end of the line to the left-end lightning arrester, and its average maximum overvoltage is the smallest, Section Ⅲ corresponds to the position from the left end to the right end of the lightning arrester, and its average maximum overvoltage is the largest.

7. The method for rapidly optimizing the configuration of a lightning arrester according to claim 6, characterized in that, The adjusting the installation position of the lightning arrester according to the distribution law of the average maximum overvoltage of the segmented line includes: Based on the distribution law of the average maximum overvoltage of the segmented line, with the goal of expanding section Ⅰ and shrinking section Ⅲ, the installation position of the lightning arrester is adjusted by increasing the left-end lightning arrester position parameter x and decreasing the right-end lightning arrester position parameter y.

8. The method for rapid optimization of arrester configuration according to claim 1, characterized in that, The quickly determining the optimal installation position of the lightning arrester based on the PSCAD automation library combined with an automatic optimization algorithm with the minimum average lightning overvoltage of the line as the optimization goal includes: Setting the initial search range and step size of the lightning arrester installation position; Based on the PSCAD automation library, multiple simulation calculations are carried out to obtain the average lightning overvoltage of the line under different lightning arrester installation positions; Through iterative comparison, the lightning arrester installation position that makes the average lightning overvoltage of the line the smallest is selected as the optimal solution.

9. The method for rapid optimization configuration of a lightning arrester according to claim 1, wherein The method is applicable to UHV DC gas-insulated metal-enclosed transmission lines with a length of 5 km to 10 km.

10. The method for rapid optimization configuration of lightning arresters according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The lightning arrester is a zinc oxide lightning arrester.

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