Method and device for determining depth of silt preparation pit of canal project and electronic equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses a method and device for determining the depth of a silt preparation pit of a canal project and electronic equipment, and relates to the field of river channel desilting engineering.The method comprises the steps that the topographic features and the river trend of a target canal project in each project river reach are obtained, inputting the topographic features and the river trend of each project river reach into a pre-established water-sediment coupling dynamic model, solving water-sediment element information in each time step length by the water-sediment coupling dynamic model, and outputting sediment deposition data of different project river reaches; obtaining river channel parameters of each project river reach, and calculating a river section sand content change condition based on the river channel parameters; and on the basis of the river section sand content change condition and the river section water flow of the project river reach, calculating the on-way section accumulated deposition thickness, and determining the depth of each silt preparation pit on the basis of the on-way section accumulated deposition thickness. The technical problems that in the prior art, a dredger needs to dredge from a channel starting point to a channel ending point, the oil consumption of the dredger is large, and the efficiency is low are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of river dredging engineering or other related fields. Specifically, it relates to a method and device for determining the depth of a sediment storage pit in a canal project, and an electronic device. Background Art

[0002] Sediment deposition refers to the phenomenon that during the flow movement of water, due to reasons such as a decrease in water flow velocity, the sediment particles carried by the water flow lose sufficient power and gradually deposit at the bottom of the riverbed or waterway. This will lead to a decrease in the water depth of the waterway and a narrowing of the waterway, affecting the normal passage of ships.

[0003] Generally, the cross-sectional shape and scale of a canal waterway are the same. Under the same flow rate, the flow velocities of each cross-section of the canal are basically the same, resulting in uniform sediment deposition along the river channel. As the distance increases, the sediment concentration decreases, and the average sediment deposition thickness of the cross-section gradually decreases. Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the sediment deposition thickness of a canal cross-section in the prior art. As Figure 1 shown, the horizontal axis is the distance from the canal mouth, and the vertical axis is the average sediment deposition thickness of the cross-section. It can be seen that as the distance increases, the farther away from the canal mouth, the lower the sediment deposition thickness, and the closer to the canal mouth, the thicker the sediment deposition thickness.

[0004] In the related art, a dredging ship needs to carry out dredging from the starting point to the ending point of the waterway, find a spoil ground along the way for discharging spoil, and store the dredged material. This will have the following disadvantages: high fuel consumption of the ship, low efficiency, and high cost. At the same time, setting up multiple spoil grounds along the waterway, firstly, the number of spoil grounds is large, the utilization rate of the spoil ground is low, the occupied area is large, and the cost is high; secondly, it is difficult to coordinate the positions of the spoil grounds; thirdly, there is a transportation distance for the dredging ship to the spoil ground, running back and forth, and the cost is high.

[0005] In view of the above problems, no effective solution has been proposed yet. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Embodiments of the present invention provide a method and device for determining the depth of a sediment storage pit in a canal project, and an electronic device, so as to at least solve the technical problems in the related art that a dredging ship needs to carry out dredging from the starting point to the ending point of the waterway, with high fuel consumption of the ship and low efficiency.

[0007] According to one aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, a method for determining the depth of a sedimentation pit in a canal project is provided, including: obtaining the topographic features and river trends of each project river section of the target canal project, where the engineering area determined from the starting point to the ending point of the target canal project is divided into N project river sections, and N is a positive integer; inputting the topographic features and river trends of each project river section into a pre-established water-sediment coupling dynamics model, and solving the water-sediment element information within each time step by the water-sediment coupling dynamics model to output the sediment deposition data of different project river sections; obtaining the river channel parameters of each project river section, and calculating the change in sediment concentration in the river cross-section based on the river channel parameters; calculating the cumulative sedimentation thickness of the cross-section along the way based on the change in sediment concentration in the river cross-section and the water body flow rate of the river cross-section of the project river section, and determining the depth of each sedimentation pit based on the cumulative sedimentation thickness of the cross-section along the way.

[0008] Optionally, after obtaining the topographic features and river trends of each project river section of the target canal project, it further includes: detecting the bend area and the cross-section area of each project river section; setting a first type of sedimentation pit on the inner side of the bend in the bend area, where the initial range of the first type of sedimentation pit is from the starting point to the ending point of the bend section; extracting the cross-section expansion area within the cross-section area, determining the cross-section expansion area as a floodplain, and setting a second type of sedimentation pit in a predetermined area of the floodplain, where the initial design range of the second type of sedimentation pit includes the predetermined water surface length range of the cross-section expansion.

[0009] Optionally, the water-sediment coupling dynamics model includes: a muddy water movement simulation sub-model for simulating the movement data of water and sediment containing solid particles in the project river section; a suspended sediment continuity sub-model for simulating the distribution and transport of suspended sediment in the water flow of the project river section, where the distribution includes: spatio-temporal change data of suspended sediment concentration, and the transport includes: the transport rate of suspended sediment; a riverbed deformation sub-model for simulating the change in the riverbed morphology of the project river section under the action of water flow and sediment; a water flow sediment-carrying sub-model for simulating the saturated content of suspended sediment that the water flow can carry under the predetermined water flow and the boundary conditions of the project river section.

[0010] Optionally, when the suspended sediment continuity sub-model simulates the movement data of water and sediment, it further includes: obtaining the cross-section average width, cross-section grouped average sediment concentration, and water flow sediment-carrying capacity of the project river section; inputting the cross-section average width, cross-section grouped average sediment concentration, water flow sediment-carrying capacity, and grouped saturation recovery coefficient into the suspended sediment continuity sub-model, and simulating the distribution and transport of suspended sediment in the water flow of the project river section by the suspended sediment continuity sub-model.

[0011] Optionally, when simulating the change of the riverbed morphology, the riverbed deformation sub-model further includes: stratifying the thickness of the erodible bed sediment in the project river section and configuring the thickness of each layer and the initial bed sediment gradation; obtaining the dry unit weight of the riverbed and the cross-sectional erosion and deposition area of the project river section; inputting the thickness and initial bed sediment gradation of each erodible bed sediment, the dry unit weight of the riverbed and the cross-sectional erosion and deposition area into the riverbed deformation sub-model, and the riverbed deformation sub-model inputs the boundary conditions and the initial data of the river section of the project to simulate the change of the riverbed morphology of the project river section under the action of water flow and sediment.

[0012] Optionally, when simulating the saturated content of the suspended sediment that the water flow can carry, the water flow sediment-carrying sub-model further includes: calculating the static water grouped settling velocity of the suspended sediment particles based on the percentage content of the suspended sediment in each particle size group and the settling velocity of the particle size group; obtaining the sediment-carrying force coefficient, hydraulic radius and sediment-carrying force index of the project river section; inputting the static water grouped settling velocity of the suspended sediment particles, the sediment-carrying force coefficient, hydraulic radius and sediment-carrying force index of the project river section into the water flow sediment-carrying sub-model, and the water flow sediment-carrying sub-model simulates the saturated content of the suspended sediment that the water flow can carry under the predetermined water flow and the boundary conditions of the project river section.

[0013] Optionally, the steps of obtaining the river channel parameters of each project river section and calculating the change of the sediment content in the river cross-section based on the river channel parameters include: obtaining the roughness coefficient of the dry rubble masonry lining and the roughness coefficient of the bottom and side slopes of the unlined waterway based on the channel anti-seepage lining standard corresponding to the target canal project to obtain the river channel parameters; obtaining the median particle size of the suspended sediment with different particle sizes in the project river section, and determining the correlation between the water discharge and the sediment content based on the median particle size; calculating the water body discharge and sediment content of the previous cross-section and the sediment content of the current cross-section based on the river channel parameters and the correlation between the water discharge and the sediment content; calculating the change of the sediment content in the river cross-section based on the water body discharge and sediment content of the previous cross-section and the sediment content of the current cross-section.

[0014] According to another aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is also provided a device for determining the depth of a sedimentation pit for a canal project, including: a river section feature acquisition unit, configured to acquire the topographic features and river trends of each project river section of the target canal project, wherein the engineering area determined from the starting point to the ending point of the target canal project is divided into N project river sections, and N is a positive integer; a sediment deposition solution unit, configured to input the topographic features and river trends of each project river section into a pre-established water-sediment coupling dynamics model, and solve the water-sediment element information within each time step by the water-sediment coupling dynamics model, and output the sediment deposition data of different project river sections; a sediment concentration calculation unit, configured to acquire the channel parameters of each project river section, and calculate the change in sediment concentration of the river cross-section based on the channel parameters; a sedimentation pit depth determination unit, configured to calculate the cumulative sedimentation thickness along the cross-section based on the change in sediment concentration of the river cross-section and the water body flow rate of the river cross-section of the project river section, and determine the depth of each sedimentation pit based on the cumulative sedimentation thickness along the cross-section.

[0015] Optionally, the device for determining the depth of a sedimentation pit for a canal project further includes: a region detection unit, configured to detect the bend region and the water-crossing section region of each project river section after acquiring the topographic features and river trends of each project river section of the target canal project; a sedimentation pit setting unit, configured to set a first type of sedimentation pit inside the bend of the bend region, wherein the initial range of the first type of sedimentation pit is from the starting point to the ending point of the bend section; a cross-section extraction unit, configured to extract the cross-section expansion region within the water-crossing section region, determine the cross-section expansion region as a floodplain, and set a second type of sedimentation pit in a predetermined region of the floodplain, wherein the initial range of the second type of sedimentation pit includes a predetermined water surface length range of the water cross-section expansion.

[0016] Optionally, the water-sediment coupling dynamics model includes: a muddy water movement simulation sub-model, which simulates the movement data of the water flow and sediment containing solid particles in the project river section; a suspended sediment continuity sub-model, which simulates the distribution and transport of suspended sediment in the water flow of the project river section, wherein the distribution includes: the spatio-temporal change data of the suspended sediment concentration, and the transport includes: the transport rate of the suspended sediment; a riverbed deformation sub-model, which simulates the change in the riverbed morphology of the project river section under the action of water flow and sediment; a water flow sediment-carrying sub-model, which simulates the saturated content of suspended sediment that the water flow can carry under the predetermined water flow and the boundary conditions of the project river section.

[0017] Optionally, for the suspended sediment continuity sub-model when simulating the movement data of water flow and sediment, the device for determining the depth of the sedimentation pit in the canal project further includes: a cross-section information acquisition unit, configured to acquire the cross-section average width, the cross-section grouped average sediment concentration, and the sediment carrying capacity of the water flow of the project river reach; a cross-section information input unit, configured to input the cross-section average width, the cross-section grouped average sediment concentration, the sediment carrying capacity of the water flow, and the grouped saturation recovery coefficient into the suspended sediment continuity sub-model, and the suspended sediment continuity sub-model simulates the distribution and transport conditions of the suspended sediment in the water flow of the project river reach.

[0018] Optionally, for the riverbed deformation sub-model when simulating the change of the riverbed morphology, the device for determining the depth of the sedimentation pit in the canal project further includes: a layering unit, configured to layer the thickness of the scourable bed sand of the project river reach and configure the thickness of each layer and the initial bed sand gradation; a cross-section erosion and deposition area acquisition unit, configured to acquire the dry unit weight of the riverbed and the cross-section erosion and deposition area of the project river reach; an input unit, configured to input the thickness and initial bed sand gradation of each scourable bed sand, the dry unit weight of the riverbed, and the cross-section erosion and deposition area into the riverbed deformation sub-model, and the riverbed deformation sub-model inputs the boundary conditions and the initial data of the river reach of the project, and simulates the change of the riverbed morphology of the project river reach under the action of water flow and sediment.

[0019] Optionally, for the sediment carrying sub-model when simulating the saturation content of the suspended sediment that the water flow can carry, the device for determining the depth of the sedimentation pit in the canal project further includes: a settling velocity calculation unit, configured to calculate the static water grouped settling velocity of the suspended sediment particles based on the percentage content of the suspended sediment in each particle size group and the settling velocity of the particle size group; acquire the sediment carrying capacity coefficient, the hydraulic radius, and the sediment carrying force index of the project river reach; a water flow sediment carrying determination unit, configured to input the static water grouped settling velocity of the suspended sediment particles, the sediment carrying capacity coefficient, the hydraulic radius, and the sediment carrying force index of the project river reach into the sediment carrying sub-model, and the sediment carrying sub-model simulates the saturation content of the suspended sediment that the water flow can carry under the predetermined water flow and the boundary conditions of the project river reach.

[0020] Optionally, the sediment concentration calculation unit includes: a river channel parameter acquisition module, configured to obtain the roughness coefficient of the dry rubble masonry lining, the roughness coefficient of the bottom and side slopes of the unlined waterway of each project river section based on the channel anti-seepage lining standard corresponding to the target canal project, so as to obtain the river channel parameters; a median particle size acquisition module, configured to obtain the median particle size of the suspended sediment with different particle sizes in the project river section, and determine the correlation between the water flow rate and the sediment concentration based on the median particle size; a sediment concentration calculation module, configured to calculate the water body flow rate and sediment concentration of the previous section and the sediment concentration of the current section based on the river channel parameters and the correlation between the water flow rate and the sediment concentration; a sediment concentration change calculation module, configured to calculate the change in the sediment concentration of the river section based on the water body flow rate and sediment concentration of the previous section and the sediment concentration of the current section.

[0021] According to another aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is also provided a computer-readable storage medium, where the computer-readable storage medium includes a stored computer program, and when the computer program runs, it controls the device where the computer-readable storage medium is located to execute the method for determining the depth of the sedimentation pit of the canal project in any one of the above.

[0022] According to another aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is also provided an electronic device, including one or more processors and a memory, where the memory is used to store one or more programs, and when the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the one or more processors are caused to implement the method for determining the depth of the sedimentation pit of the canal project in any one of the above.

[0023] According to another aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is also provided a computer program product, including a computer program, where when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method for determining the depth of the sedimentation pit of the canal project in any one of the above are implemented.

[0024] In the present disclosure, the topographic features and river trends of the target canal project in each project river section are obtained, where the engineering area determined from the starting point to the ending point of the target canal project is divided into N project river sections, and N is a positive integer; the topographic features and river trends of each project river section are input into a pre-established water-sediment coupling dynamics model, and the water-sediment element information within each time step is solved by the water-sediment coupling dynamics model, and the sediment deposition data of different project river sections is output; the river channel parameters of each project river section are obtained, and the change in the sediment concentration of the river section is calculated based on the river channel parameters; the cumulative deposition thickness of the cross-section along the river is calculated based on the change in the sediment concentration of the river section and the water body flow rate of the river section of the project river section, and the depth of each sedimentation pit is determined based on the cumulative deposition thickness of the cross-section along the river.

[0025] Based on the above disclosure, by utilizing the influence of river regime conditions and water flow conditions on sediment deposition, calculating the cumulative siltation thickness of the cross-section along the river based on the change of sediment concentration in the river cross-section and the water flow of the river cross-section in the project reach, and determining the depth of each sediment storage pit based on the cumulative siltation thickness of the cross-section along the river, the position and depth of the sediment storage pits are reasonably set to make the sediment deposit concentrated, facilitating centralized dredging and centralized storage, and solving the technical problems in the related art that the dredger needs to carry out dredging from the starting point to the end point of the waterway, resulting in high ship fuel consumption and low efficiency. Description of the Drawings

[0026] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of this application. The schematic embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0027] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the sediment siltation thickness of a canal cross-section in the prior art;

[0028] Figure 2 is a flowchart of a method for determining the depth of a sediment storage pit for an optional canal project according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the river channel trend of an optional Cambodian canal project according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of each river channel section in the Cambodian canal project according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of an optional method for deriving the relationship between water flow and sediment concentration according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the change of sediment concentration at the k64+1000 cross-section according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the change of the siltation thickness of the cross-section along the river after one year of operation of the canal according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of a device for determining the depth of a sediment storage pit for an optional canal project according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 9 is a hardware structure block diagram of an electronic device (or mobile device) for a method for determining the depth of a sediment storage pit for a canal project according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Embodiments

[0036] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present invention, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0037] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present invention and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and do not necessarily need to be used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances so that the embodiments of the present invention described here can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described here. In addition, the terms "comprising" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product or device comprising a series of steps or units does not necessarily have to be limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0038] To facilitate the understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art, the following explains some terms or nouns involved in the embodiments of the present invention:

[0039] Floodplain: In river or canal management, the low-lying areas on both sides of a river that are easily flooded by floods. When the water volume of the river exceeds a certain threshold, the water will overflow the riverbed and flood these low-lying areas. The floodplain mentioned in the present invention refers to the areas where the water flow rate suddenly increases in canal engineering. Due to the diffusion of the water flow, the flow velocity decreases in these areas, making it easier for the sediment carried by the river to settle. Considering this special environmental factor of the floodplain, special attention is paid to the sediment deposition problem in the floodplain to ensure the long-term stability and navigability of the canal.

[0040] Sediment storage pit: A deep pit used to collect and hold deposited sediment. In the present invention, sediment storage pits are mainly set in specific areas of the canal, such as the inner side of the bend and the enlarged cross-section of the floodplain. By setting sediment storage pits at these locations, the deposited sediment can be effectively concentrated, facilitating subsequent dredging operations. Moreover, by reducing the transportation distance of the dredging ship to the spoil ground, the operating cost can be reduced.

[0041] Water-sediment coupling dynamics model: A dynamics model used to predict the interaction between water flow and sediment in a river. In the present invention, this model is used to predict the sediment deposition situation in canal engineering under different water-sediment conditions. By establishing and solving such a model, it is possible to better understand and plan the dredging requirements of the canal, optimize the dredging strategy, and reduce project investment and maintenance costs.

[0042] It should be noted that the method and device for determining the depth of the sedimentation pit in the canal project in the present disclosure can be used in the technical field of river dredging engineering when realizing the dredging design of the canal project.

[0043] It should be noted that the information (including but not limited to user equipment information, user personal information, etc.) and data (including but not limited to data for analysis, stored data, displayed data, etc.) collected in the present disclosure are information and data authorized by the user or fully authorized by all parties. Moreover, the processing of relevant data, such as collection, storage, use, processing, transmission, provision, disclosure, and application, complies with the relevant laws, regulations, and standards of the relevant regions, adopts necessary confidentiality measures, does not violate public order and good customs, and provides corresponding operation entrances for users to choose to authorize or refuse. For example, there is an interface between the present system and relevant users or institutions. Before obtaining relevant information, a request for acquisition needs to be sent to the aforementioned users or institutions through the interface, and relevant information can be obtained after receiving the consent information feedback from the aforementioned users or institutions.

[0044] It should be noted that in the present disclosure, when collecting customer information, analyzing customer information, an operation entrance is provided for users to choose to agree or refuse the automated decision result; if the user chooses to refuse, the expert decision-making process will be entered.

[0045] The following embodiments of the present invention can be applied to various systems / applications / devices for determining the depth of the sedimentation pit in canal projects. The present invention can be applied to the maintenance of water transportation channels and canals. Especially in areas with serious sedimentation problems, it can analyze and control the sedimentation conditions of different sections of the canal, and realize the centralized treatment of sediment. It can also be applied to the scenario of water conservancy project planning. When planning a new canal or waterway, the present invention can be used to set sedimentation pits in areas prone to sedimentation, which can plan in advance to reduce the impact of sedimentation on the project, thereby avoiding unnecessary costs and maintenance work in the design stage. In addition, the present invention can also be applied to the scenario of dredging engineering. By reducing the transportation distance of the dredger and the number of spoil disposal sites, the efficiency of dredging operations is improved. The sediment is centrally treated in the sedimentation pit, enabling the dredging work to be carried out in specific areas with a relatively high sediment concentration, avoiding repeated dredging of the entire waterway, and saving time and resources.

[0046] By setting sedimentation pits, the present invention enables sediment to settle centrally in specific areas, reducing the number and floor area of spoil disposal sites, thereby reducing the costs of dredging and spoil disposal. In addition, shortening the transportation distance of the dredger also significantly reduces the operating costs.

[0047] Furthermore, the present invention can help maintain the stability of the canal and enhance the navigational safety by precisely controlling the sediment deposition in the riverbed, avoiding the instability of the riverbed caused by non-uniform deposition, such as riverbed deformation, bank collapse, etc. At the same time, reducing the number and occupied area of the spoil yards means reducing the impact on the surrounding ecological environment, avoiding the damage to the natural environment, and reducing the noise and pollution generated by dredging operations.

[0048] The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with various embodiments.

[0049] Embodiment 1

[0050] According to an embodiment of the present invention, an embodiment of a method for determining the depth of a sedimentation pit in a canal project is provided. It should be noted that the steps shown in the flowchart of the accompanying drawings can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer-executable instructions, and although the logical order is shown in the flowchart, in some cases, the steps shown or described can be executed in a different order than here.

[0051] Figure 2 is a flowchart of an optional method for determining the depth of a sedimentation pit in a canal project according to an embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 2 shown, the method includes the following steps:

[0052] Step S201, obtain the topographic features and river trends of each project section of the target canal project, where the engineering area determined from the starting point to the end point of the target canal project is divided into N project sections, and N is a positive integer.

[0053] In the planning and maintenance of canal projects, the canal is divided into multiple project sections from the starting point to the end point. The topographic features and river trends of each section are important bases for its dredging design. In this process, it is necessary to collect and analyze the geographical and hydrological information along the target canal project, including but not limited to riverbed morphology, water depth, flow velocity, flow rate, riverbank structure, and the connection method between sections. For example, in the Cambodian canal project, it is necessary to collect the topographic data and river dynamic information along the line from about 39 km downstream of the confluence of the Bassac River and the Mekong River to the B sea inlet.

[0054] Optionally, after obtaining the topographic features and river trends of each project section of the target canal project, it further includes: detecting the bend area and the cross-sectional area of each project section; setting the first type of sedimentation pit on the inner side of the bend in the bend area, where the initial range of the first type of sedimentation pit is from the starting point to the ending point of the bend section; extracting the cross-sectional expansion area in the cross-sectional area, determining the cross-sectional expansion area as the floodplain, and setting the second type of sedimentation pit in a predetermined area of the floodplain, where the initial design range of the second type of sedimentation pit includes the predetermined water surface length range of the cross-sectional expansion.

[0055] Among them, when detecting the bend area and the cross-sectional area of each project river section, the bend area and the cross-sectional area in the canal are high-risk points for sediment deposition. In the bend area, due to the hydrodynamic characteristics of the water flow, the inner velocity is slower and the sediment is more likely to deposit. In the cross-sectional area, especially in the floodplain, due to the sudden increase in the cross-section and the decrease in velocity, sediment deposition will also occur. By detecting and marking these key areas, precise positioning information can be provided for the subsequent setting of sediment storage pits.

[0056] A sediment storage pit is a deeply dug area for concentrating the collection and treatment of deposited sediment. By setting the first type of sediment storage pit inside the bend, the natural force of the water flow can be utilized to guide the sediment into the sediment storage pit, preventing it from being evenly distributed in the waterway and increasing the difficulty and cost of dredging. The scope of the sediment storage pit extends from the starting point to the ending point of the bend, ensuring that all sediment depositions occurring within the entire bend area can be collected and treated.

[0057] The floodplain is an area in the canal where the water flow spreads and the velocity decreases, and sediment deposition in these areas is particularly severe. Therefore, determining the location and scope of the floodplain is crucial for reducing sediment deposition in the canal. Specifically, the enlarged cross-section areas are extracted from the cross-sectional area, and these enlarged areas are designated as the floodplain. Inside the floodplain, the second type of sediment storage pit is set in the pre-designated area, aiming to centrally treat the sediment deposition in the floodplain, reduce the dredging workload, and improve the dredging efficiency. The initial setting range covers the predetermined water surface length range where the water cross-section expands, ensuring that all sediment deposited due to the decrease in velocity is effectively managed.

[0058] This embodiment not only focuses on the direct treatment of sediment but also considers the natural laws of water flow dynamics. By reasonably setting the position and scope of the sediment storage pits, the natural characteristics of the water flow and the terrain are utilized to guide and concentrate sediment deposition, reducing the complexity and cost of dredging work.

[0059] Step S202: Input the topographic features and river trends of each project river section into a pre-established water-sediment coupling dynamics model. The water-sediment coupling dynamics model solves the water-sediment element information for each time step and outputs the sediment deposition data of different project river sections.

[0060] The water-sediment coupling dynamics model is a complex mathematical model used to simulate and analyze the interaction between water flow and sediment in the canal. Before performing model calculations, it is necessary to collect and organize data on the topographic features and river trends of the project reach. The topographic feature data usually includes the shape, size, slope, roughness coefficient, etc. of the riverbed; the river trend data involves hydrological conditions such as flow rate, flow velocity, water level, sediment content, etc. The pre-established water-sediment coupling dynamics model needs to be parameterized according to the input topographic and river data, specifically including setting the initial conditions and boundary conditions of the model. For example, set the initial shape of the riverbed, roughness coefficient, initial sediment content, etc. In addition, the calculation time step of the model also needs to be set to ensure the accuracy and efficiency of the calculation.

[0061] Once the model is parameterized, the solution of the water-sediment coupling dynamics model can be started. The model solution is usually an iterative process, in which the distribution of water flow and sediment is calculated at each time step. The solution process involves solving the above three core equations to predict the morphological changes of the riverbed at different time points, as well as the deposition and erosion of sediment. The results output by the model are the sediment deposition data at different time points for each project reach, including the deposition volume, deposition rate, deposition distribution, etc.

[0062] It should be noted that the solution of the water-sediment coupling dynamics model usually adopts numerical methods, such as the finite difference method, finite element method or finite volume method. Specifically in this embodiment, a one-dimensional unsteady water-sediment model can be used, which means that the model takes into account the changes along the canal but ignores the lateral and vertical effects, making the model calculation faster and simpler. The one-dimensional unsteady water-sediment model processes the canal in segments, and each reach is regarded as an independent calculation unit. For each unit, within each time step, the model will solve water-sediment elements such as water flow velocity, water level, sediment concentration, etc. Through iterative calculations, the model can analyze the sediment deposition situation of the entire canal within a certain period of time.

[0063] Optionally, the water-sediment coupling dynamics model includes: a muddy water movement simulation sub-model, which simulates the movement data of water flow and sediment containing solid particles in the project reach; a suspended sediment continuity sub-model, which simulates the distribution and transport of suspended sediment in the water flow of the project reach, where the distribution situation includes: spatio-temporal variation data of suspended sediment concentration, and the transport situation includes: the transport rate of suspended sediment; a riverbed deformation sub-model, which simulates the morphological changes of the riverbed in the project reach under the action of water flow and sediment; a water flow sediment-carrying sub-model, which simulates the saturated content of suspended sediment that the water flow can carry under the predetermined water flow and boundary conditions of the project reach.

[0064] Among them, the muddy water movement simulation sub-model focuses on simulating the movement data of muddy water containing solid particles (sediment) in the river section of the project canal. It covers the changes of key parameters such as river water velocity, flow rate, water level, etc. over time and space, and at the same time considers the influence of sediment particles on the properties of water flow. The muddy water movement simulation sub-model is obtained by solving the muddy water dynamics equations, which describe the unsteady state of water flow and the dynamic behavior of sediment in water. Through this model, detailed information about the distribution, movement speed and direction of water flow and sediment in the river section can be obtained.

[0065] Optionally, when simulating the movement data of water flow and sediment, the suspended sediment continuity sub-model further includes: obtaining the cross-sectional average width, cross-sectional group average sediment concentration and water flow sediment carrying capacity of the project river section; inputting the cross-sectional average width, cross-sectional group average sediment concentration, water flow sediment carrying capacity and group saturation recovery coefficient into the suspended sediment continuity sub-model, and the suspended sediment continuity sub-model simulates the distribution and transport conditions of suspended sediment in the water flow of the project river section.

[0066] The suspended sediment continuity sub-model is used to simulate and predict the distribution and transport conditions of suspended sediment in the project river section. It not only tracks the temporal and spatial changes of sediment concentration, but also calculates the sediment transport rate. To achieve this, the model first needs to collect data such as the cross-sectional average width, cross-sectional group average sediment concentration and water flow sediment carrying capacity of the project river section, and then input these data together with the saturation recovery coefficient of each sediment particle size group into the model for calculation. The saturation recovery coefficient reflects the process of sediment deposition and resuspension, which is crucial for accurately simulating the behavior of sediment in water bodies. By integrating all these parameters, the suspended sediment continuity sub-model can analyze the hot spots of sediment deposition, as well as the migration path and rate of sediment under the action of water flow.

[0067] Optionally, when simulating the change of riverbed morphology, the riverbed deformation sub-model further includes: stratifying the thickness of erodible bed sand in the project river section and configuring the thickness of each layer and the initial bed sand gradation; obtaining the dry unit weight of the riverbed and the cross-sectional scouring and silting area of the project river section; inputting the thickness and initial bed sand gradation of each erodible bed sand, the dry unit weight of the riverbed and the cross-sectional scouring and silting area into the riverbed deformation sub-model, and the riverbed deformation sub-model inputs the boundary conditions and initial data of the project river section to simulate the change of the riverbed morphology of the project river section under the action of water flow and sediment.

[0068] It should be noted that the riverbed deformation sub-model is responsible for simulating the morphological changes of the riverbed in the project reach under the combined action of water flow and sediment. To accurately simulate the evolution process of the riverbed, the model needs to stratify the erodible bed sediment of the riverbed, define the sediment particle size distribution and initial bed sediment gradation of each layer. In addition, physical properties such as the dry unit weight of the riverbed and the cross-sectional scouring and silting area need to be considered. By inputting this information into the model, the riverbed deformation sub-model can simulate the evolution of the riverbed over time, including the erosion and silting processes of the riverbed, and can evaluate the long-term impact of dredging projects and the stability of the riverbed.

[0069] Optionally, when simulating the saturated content of suspended sediment that the water flow can carry, the water flow sediment-carrying sub-model further includes: calculating the static water grouped settling velocity of suspended sediment particles based on the percentage content of suspended sediment in each particle size group and the settling velocity of the particle size group; obtaining the sediment-carrying capacity coefficient, hydraulic radius, and sediment-carrying capacity index of the project reach; inputting the static water grouped settling velocity of suspended sediment particles, the sediment-carrying capacity coefficient, hydraulic radius, and sediment-carrying capacity index of the project reach into the water flow sediment-carrying sub-model, and the water flow sediment-carrying sub-model simulates the saturated content of suspended sediment that the water flow can carry under the predetermined water flow and the boundary conditions of the project reach.

[0070] In this embodiment, the task of the water flow sediment-carrying sub-model is to determine the maximum saturated content of suspended sediment that the water flow can carry under specific hydraulic conditions and boundary conditions. To achieve this goal, the model first calculates the static water settlement velocity of sediment particles in different particle size groups, which involves calculations based on the percentage content and settlement velocity of sediment particles. Next, the model obtains parameters such as the sediment-carrying capacity coefficient, hydraulic radius, and sediment-carrying capacity index, which are the basis for calculating the sediment-carrying capacity of the water flow. Finally, the water flow sediment-carrying sub-model synthesizes all the input parameters to simulate the saturated content of sediment under the given conditions, thereby determining which areas may have a risk of excessive sediment deposition or which areas have sufficient energy in the water flow to carry sediment without deposition.

[0071] Step S203: Obtain the river channel parameters of each project reach and calculate the change in sediment content of the river cross-section based on the river channel parameters.

[0072] Optionally, step S203 includes: obtaining the roughness coefficient of the dry rubble masonry lining and the roughness coefficient of the bottom and slopes of the unlined waterway based on the channel anti-seepage lining standard corresponding to the target canal project to obtain the river channel parameters; obtaining the median particle size of suspended sediment with different particle sizes in the project reach and determining the correlation between water flow and sediment content based on the median particle size; calculating the water body flow rate and sediment content of the previous cross-section and the sediment content of the current cross-section based on the river channel parameters and the correlation between water flow and sediment content; calculating the change in sediment content of the river cross-section based on the water body flow rate and sediment content of the previous cross-section and the sediment content of the current cross-section.

[0073] River channel parameters include, but are not limited to, the roughness coefficient of dry rubble masonry lining, the roughness coefficient of the bottom and slopes of the unlined waterway. These parameters directly affect the frictional resistance of the water flow on the river bed, thereby affecting the water flow velocity, water flow state, and the transportation and deposition of sediment. For example, according to the "Technical Standard for Canal Seepage Control Lining Project" (GB / T 50600-2020) and relevant water conservancy specifications, in this embodiment, the roughness coefficient values of each river section in the target canal project are first determined. The size of the roughness coefficient value has a direct impact on the sediment-carrying capacity of the water flow, and further determines whether the sediment can remain suspended in the water flow or be deposited. For example, the roughness coefficient value of the dry rubble masonry lining is taken as 0.033, and the roughness coefficient values of the bottom and slopes of the unlined waterway are taken as 0.05.

[0074] In addition, this embodiment also needs to obtain the median diameter of the suspended sediment with different particle sizes in the project river section. This is because under different water flow conditions, sediments with different particle sizes exhibit different transportation capabilities. Sediments with smaller particle sizes can remain suspended under lower flow velocity conditions, while sediments with larger particle sizes require higher flow velocities to be carried. Based on the median diameter, the correlation between water flow rate and sediment concentration is determined.

[0075] After obtaining the river channel parameters and establishing the relationship between water flow rate and sediment concentration, the water body flow rate and sediment concentration of the previous cross-section and the sediment concentration of the current cross-section can be calculated. Here, this embodiment can utilize hydraulics theory and models (such as one-dimensional unsteady water and sediment model), combined with information such as the geometric shape of the river channel, roughness coefficient value, water flow velocity, water level, etc., to calculate the hydrodynamic elements within each time step. Furthermore, using the calculated data such as flow velocity, flow rate, water level, etc., combined with the parameters of the sediment module (such as the static water fractional settling velocity of suspended sediment particles), through the suspended sediment continuity equation, etc., predict the distribution and transport of sediment in the water flow, and determine the change in sediment concentration of each cross-section.

[0076] Finally, based on the water body flow rate and sediment concentration of the previous cross-section and the sediment concentration of the current cross-section, calculate the difference in sediment concentration between the cross-sections, that is, the change in sediment concentration. This step is to evaluate the deposition or erosion of sediment within a certain section of the canal by comparing and analyzing the sediment concentrations of adjacent two cross-sections, and the sediment deposition volume of the entire canal or the specified river section can be obtained.

[0077] Step S204: Calculate the cumulative deposition thickness of the cross-section along the river based on the change in sediment concentration of the river cross-section and the water body flow rate of the river cross-section in the project river section, and determine the depth of each sediment storage pit based on the cumulative deposition thickness of the cross-section along the river.

[0078] The sediment concentration of the river cross-section refers to the amount of sediment contained in the unit volume of water body at a certain cross-section of the river, usually in kg / m 3Representation. The change in sediment concentration is affected by various factors, including the upstream water and sediment conditions, river slope, flow velocity, and riverbed morphology. In the dredging design method of canal engineering, the change in sediment concentration is obtained by establishing a one-dimensional water-sediment coupling dynamics model and calculating and analyzing typical cross-sections.

[0079] The water discharge of a river cross-section refers to the total water discharge passing through a certain cross-section of the river per unit time, usually expressed in m 3 / s. The change in water discharge directly affects the flow velocity of the river and the sediment transport capacity, and thus affects the sediment deposition and scour. In the dredging design method of canal engineering, by monitoring and calculating the water discharge of each project river section, the sediment deposition location and intensity can be predicted more accurately, providing data support for formulating the dredging plan and setting up sediment retention pits.

[0080] Among them, the cumulative deposition thickness refers to the total amount of sediment deposited at each cross-section along the canal over time, usually expressed in m. To calculate this thickness, first, a water-sediment coupling dynamics model needs to be established. Through the model calculation, hydraulic information such as flow velocity, water level, and sediment concentration at each time step can be obtained, and then the sediment deposition amount at each cross-section can be calculated based on this information.

[0081] Optionally, the calculation formula for the deposition amount is as follows: Deposition amount = Sediment amount at the previous cross-section - Sediment amount at this cross-section = Water discharge at the previous cross-section * Sediment concentration - Water discharge at this cross-section * Sediment concentration. The determination of the cumulative deposition thickness along the cross-section is obtained by accumulating the deposition amounts at each time step, thus intuitively reflecting the deposition trend and severity of different river sections of the canal.

[0082] It should be noted that the depth design of the sediment retention pit in this embodiment needs to consider the cumulative deposition thickness in this area over the years to ensure that it can accommodate enough deposited sediment. At the same time, the convenience and cost of dredging operations also need to be considered. Usually, the designer will calculate the depth of the sediment retention pit according to the target dredging cycle (for example, dredging once every 5 years) to ensure that the sediment retention pit can effectively collect and accommodate the deposited sediment in the canal within the set dredging cycle.

[0083] This embodiment considers the long-term deposition law and the need for periodic dredging, optimizes the depth setting of the sediment retention pit, thereby improving the efficiency and economic benefits of dredging operations. The reasonable design of the sediment retention pit depth can not only reduce project investment, but also reduce the transportation distance and maintenance cost of the dredger, while ensuring the navigation safety and operation efficiency of the canal.

[0084] Through the above steps, the topographic features and river trends of the target canal project in each project river section can be obtained. Among them, the project area determined from the starting point to the ending point of the target canal project is divided into N project river sections, where N is a positive integer; the topographic features and river trends of each project river section are input into a pre-established water-sediment coupling dynamics model, and the water-sediment element information within each time step is solved by the water-sediment coupling dynamics model, and the sediment deposition data of different project river sections is output; the channel parameters of each project river section are obtained, and the change in sediment concentration in the river cross-section is calculated based on the channel parameters; based on the change in sediment concentration in the river cross-section and the water flow rate of the river cross-section in the project river section, the cumulative siltation thickness of the cross-section along the way is calculated, and the depth of each sediment storage pit is determined based on the cumulative siltation thickness of the cross-section along the way. In this embodiment, the influence of river regime conditions and water flow conditions on sediment deposition can be utilized. Based on the change in sediment concentration in the river cross-section and the water flow rate of the river cross-section in the project river section, the cumulative siltation thickness of the cross-section along the way is calculated, and the depth of each sediment storage pit is determined based on the cumulative siltation thickness of the cross-section along the way. The position and depth of the sediment storage pits are reasonably set to make the sediment deposit concentrated, which is convenient for centralized dredging and centralized stacking, and solves the technical problems in the related art that the dredging ship needs to carry out dredging from the starting point to the ending point of the waterway, with large ship fuel consumption and low efficiency.

[0085] In addition, the determination of the depth of the sediment storage pit should also consider factors such as the structure of the riverbed, geological conditions, and fluctuations in the hydrological cycle. For example, the stability of the riverbed and the bearing capacity of the geology will affect the depth and structural design of the sediment storage pit to ensure the safety and stability of the sediment storage pit. At the same time, the fluctuations in the hydrological cycle will also affect the sediment deposition rate. Therefore, the maximum siltation thickness under different seasons and hydrological conditions should also be considered during the canal dredging process to meet the annual dredging requirements.

[0086] The following is a detailed description in combination with another optional specific implementation manner.

[0087] 1. Working principle

[0088] When the water flow passes through areas such as bends, shoals, or sudden expansions of the cross-section, the water flow velocity will change. For example, at a bend, the water flow velocity on the outer side is fast, and the water flow velocity on the inner side is slow, and sediment deposition is prone to occur on the inner side; when the cross-section expands, the water flow velocity decreases, the sediment transport capacity weakens, and the sediment will settle.

[0089] 2. Detailed implementation plan

[0090] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the river channel trend of an optional Cambodian canal project according to an embodiment of the present invention, from position A (such as Figure 3 the location of Ta Keo) to position B at the estuary (such as Figure 3 the location of Kep).

[0091] Figure 4It is a schematic diagram of each river section in the Cambodian canal project according to an embodiment of the present invention. As Figure 4 shown, it includes: the sea - entry section, B hub, curved section, and entrance section.

[0092] In the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention proposes a dredging design method for canal projects. Taking the Cambodian canal project as an example, it includes:

[0093] S1: According to the topographic and river regime characteristics, select the location of the sediment - storage pit and set the sediment - storage depth.

[0094] First, at the bend, a sediment - storage pit is set on the inner side of the bend, that is, this part is dug deeper than other parts, and the range and depth are determined by subsequent numerical model iteration calculations. For example, the initial range of the sediment - storage pit can be set from the starting point to the ending point of the bend section, and the depth is set 1 m lower than the waterway.

[0095] Second, at the part where the cross - sectional area of the flowing water expands, that is, in Area 1 and Area 2 of the flood - prone area (the area where the river cross - section suddenly expands, similar to a flood - storage and detention area), a sediment - storage pit is set. For example, the initial range of the sediment - storage pit can be within 50 m of the expanded cross - sectional area of the flowing water, and the depth is set 1 m lower than the waterway.

[0096] S2: Calculate the sediment erosion and deposition volume of the canal. Establish a one - dimensional water - sediment coupling dynamic model, including the muddy - water movement equation, sediment continuity equation, and river - bed deformation equation. Among them, the unsteady flow calculation is used for the water flow calculation; when calculating the sediment transport, the sediment movement equation is also solved within each time step, so that the water - sediment element information within each time step can be iteratively solved by the chasing method. By calculating the hydraulic information such as flow velocity and water level within each time step, the sediment - carrying capacity value of the water flow is deduced inversely, so as to determine the erosion and deposition changes of the sediment. Use a one - dimensional unsteady water - sediment model to calculate the water - sediment transport situation of the Cambodian canal project. Nodes are set at A and B in the model (nodes are set at A and B because ship locks are set in these two places. One is that the scale of the river cross - section changes at this place, and the other is that regulation can be achieved by opening or closing the gates) to consider the impact of its operation on sediment deposition. The control equations and solution methods of this model are as follows:

[0097] (1) The control equation of muddy - water movement.

[0098] The control equation of muddy - water movement is a mathematical expression that describes the movement law of water flow containing solid particles such as sediment (i.e., muddy water), comprehensively and systematically describes the movement laws of water flow and sediment during the muddy - water flow process, and is calculated using the following formula (1):

[0099]

[0100] In formula (1): α is the correction coefficient, α = ∫U 2 dA / (Q 2 / A), where U is the average cross-sectional velocity (m / s); R is the hydraulic radius (m); A is the cross-sectional area of flow (m 2 ; Q is the flow rate (m 3 / s); Z is the water level (m); n is the roughness coefficient; q and v are the lateral flow rate (m 3 / s) and velocity (m / s); x is the longitudinal channel length (m); t is the time (h).

[0101] The roughness coefficient is a comprehensive parameter reflecting the flow conditions and riverbed morphology, and is related to factors such as the variation of the riverbed topography along the course, the particle size distribution of the bed sediment, and the water-related projects. When the riverbed is scoured, the bed sediment coarsens and the roughness coefficient increases accordingly; when the riverbed is silted up, the bed sediment becomes finer and the roughness coefficient will decrease accordingly.

[0102] (2) Continuity equation of suspended sediment.

[0103] The continuity equation of suspended sediment describes the mass conservation relationship of suspended sediment in the water flow. By solving this equation, the distribution and transport of suspended sediment in the water flow can be understood, including the temporal and spatial variations of sediment concentration, the sediment transport rate, etc., and it is calculated using the following formula (2):

[0104]

[0105] In formula (2): B is the average cross-sectional width (m); S k 、 are the average sediment concentration of the cross-sectional group and the sediment-carrying capacity of the water flow (kg / m 3 ), respectively, where the subscript k is the sediment group label; S c is the sediment concentration of the tributary (kg / m 3 ); a k is the group saturation recovery coefficient.

[0106] (3) Riverbed deformation equation.

[0107] The riverbed deformation equation is a mathematical expression describing the change of the riverbed morphology with time under the action of water flow and sediment, and it reflects the basic law of riverbed scouring and silting. By solving the riverbed deformation equation, combined with the initial conditions and boundary conditions, it is possible to predict the scouring and silting changes of the riverbed in the future period under certain water flow and sediment conditions. This has important guiding significance for water conservancy project planning, river regulation, and port construction, etc. If the sediment transport balance of the river channel can be maintained, that is, the sediment transport rate changes little along the course, then the riverbed deformation is relatively small and the river channel is relatively stable; on the contrary, if the sediment transport is unbalanced, the riverbed deformation is large, which may lead to problems such as river channel swing and bank collapse, affecting the stability of the river channel and flood control safety. Specifically, it can be calculated using the following formula (3):

[0108]

[0109] In formula (3): γ s ′ is the dry unit weight of the riverbed; ΔA is the area of erosion and deposition of the cross-section (m 2 ). Before starting the calculation of the riverbed erosion and deposition deformation, the thickness of the scourable bed sand is stratified, and the thickness of each layer and the initial bed sand gradation are given.

[0110] (4) Calculation of sediment-carrying capacity of water flow.

[0111] The sediment-carrying capacity of water flow refers to the saturated content of suspended sediment that water flow can carry under certain water flow and boundary conditions. It depends on factors such as the hydraulic conditions of the water flow (such as flow velocity, discharge, water depth, etc.), the characteristics of the sediment (such as particle size, density, etc.), and the boundary conditions of the riverbed. When the actual sediment content of the water flow is less than its sediment-carrying capacity, the water flow has the ability to continue to carry sediment, which may cause riverbed erosion; on the contrary, when the actual sediment content is greater than the sediment-carrying capacity, sediment deposition will occur.

[0112] The calculation of the sediment-carrying capacity of water flow is to determine the amount of sediment that the water flow can carry under given conditions through specific formulas or models. This model adopts Zhang Ruijin's formula for sediment-carrying capacity of water flow, which is applicable to sediment-laden rivers with a sediment content less than 100 kg / m 3 . The expression of Zhang Ruijin's formula (4) is as follows:

[0113]

[0114] In formula (4): K is the sediment-carrying capacity coefficient, and m is the sediment-carrying capacity exponent; is the static water sedimentation velocity of suspended sediment particles, and its value is calculated using , where p k is the percentage content of the k-th particle size group, ω k is the sedimentation velocity of the particle size group, calculated according to Zhang Ruijin's sedimentation velocity formula; R is the hydraulic radius (m).

[0115] S3: Establish a numerical model. For example, in the Cambodia Canal Project, the total length of the waterway is about 142.6 km. In the K37-K40 and K48-K60 sections of the canal, in combination with the actual situation, they are set as floodplains.

[0116] S4: Determine the key parameters. The selection of roughness in the model can refer to the "Technical Standard for Canal Anti-seepage Lining Project" (GB / T50600-2020) and relevant water conservancy specifications, and comprehensively select the controllable roughness for calculation. For example, the roughness value of the dry rubble masonry lining is 0.033, and the roughness values of the bottom and slopes of the unlined waterway are 0.05.

[0117] Among them, the roughness parameter essentially reflects the roughness of the riverbed. The rougher the riverbed, the greater the resistance to water flow, and the water flow velocity will decrease. For example, concrete is smoother than dry rubble masonry, and the roughness of concrete is smaller. That is, when calculating the sediment-carrying capacity S* of water flow, the roughness parameter is determined based on the slope protection structure type of the canal at node A.

[0118] S5: Determine the model boundary conditions.

[0119] In this embodiment, it is necessary to select the suspended sediment grading data. For example, select the median grain size of suspended sediment at the estuary (such as 0.005 mm) to derive the relationship between flow rate and sediment concentration. Sediments of different grain sizes have different movement laws under the same water flow action. For example, fine-grained sediments are not easy to settle and will be washed farther. In this embodiment, the median grain size of suspended sediment is determined through on-site test analysis results, and the model calculation will be more accurate.

[0120] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of an optional method for deriving the relationship between water flow rate and sediment concentration according to an embodiment of the present invention. As Figure 5 shown, during different time periods of the whole year, the sediment concentration of the river from June to September is relatively high. Due to the rain erosion during the rainy season, a large amount of soil will enter the river channel, resulting in a significant increase in sediment concentration.

[0121] S6: Calculate the change of sediment concentration at typical cross-sections. Affected by the combined influence of the incoming water and sediment conditions from the upper reaches of the canal and the change of the downstream tidal level, sediment deposits along the canal. After statistics, the sediment concentration at the sand peak at the canal entrance is 0.401 kg / m3, and the sediment concentrations at the sand peaks at the cross-sections of k64+1000, k140+1000, and k143+560.547 gradually decrease to 0.182 kg / m3, 0.141 kg / m3, and 0.081 kg / m3, Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the change of sediment concentration at the k64+1000 cross-section according to an embodiment of the present invention. It can be seen that during one year, the sediment concentration between May 31st and October 28th has a significant increase.

[0122] S7: Determine the sediment deposition volume based on the results of numerical model research.

[0123] The sediment deposition volume of the canal is calculated by the sediment volume balance method. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0124] Deposition volume = sediment volume of the previous cross-section - sediment volume of this cross-section = water body flow rate of the previous cross-section * sediment concentration - sediment concentration of this cross-section. The data of water body flow rate and sediment concentration can be read from the model.

[0125] S8: Calculate the deposition intensity along the way.

[0126] The siltation intensity here refers to the siltation thickness. The sediment siltation volume calculated according to S7 is divided by the length (here it is a one-dimensional model without considering the river width), and the siltation thickness can be obtained. By calculation, the cross-section spacing can be taken very small, and it is considered that the sediment deposition in the short river section between cross-sections is uniform.

[0127] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram showing the change of the siltation thickness of the cross-section along the canal after one year of operation according to an embodiment of the present invention. As Figure 7 shown, the siltation thickness range of the cross-section of the canal after one year of operation is between 0.048 and 0.132 m. Generally, the closer to the canal mouth, the more obvious the sediment siltation of the cross-section. When flowing through Flooding Area 1 and Flooding Area 2, due to the weakening of hydrodynamic conditions, the sediment siltation phenomenon is more obvious.

[0128] S9: Determine the location and depth of the sediment storage pit.

[0129] According to the results of the numerical model iterative calculation (as Figure 7 shown), at the location with siltation intensity, according to the standard of dredging once every five years, calculate the depth of the sediment storage pit at different positions.

[0130] From Figure 7 it can be seen the average siltation thickness of the cross-section at the location of the flooding area and the average siltation thickness of the cross-section along the canal; the amount of sediment in the river is fixed. If more sediment accumulates in the flooding area, less sediment will accumulate in the canal, so the dredging frequency of the canal can be extended. For example, if the siltation volume along the canal is 10 cm / year, then dredging needs to be carried out once every three years; if the siltation volume along the canal is 5 cm / year, then dredging can be carried out once every six years.

[0131] At the location with siltation intensity, according to the standard of dredging once every five years, calculate the depth of the sediment storage pit at different positions. Specifically, when the canal is designed, a 30-cm extra depth is reserved. As time goes by, the river channel gradually silts up. When the siltation reaches 30 cm, dredging needs to be carried out.

[0132] Compared with dredging along the canal, dredging in the sediment storage pit can have the following technical effects: First, the location of the sediment storage pit is fixed, and dredging can be carried out by setting a fixed sludge pump, reducing the use of ship machinery and equipment, with good economy; second, a storage yard can be reserved near the sediment storage pit, with a shorter transportation distance and better economy; third, if dredging is carried out along the canal, the dredging ship will affect navigation, reduce the navigation capacity of the waterway, and there are safety hazards.

[0133] Through the above embodiments, the influence of water flow conditions on sediment siltation can be used to determine the location of the sediment storage pit, the numerical model iterative calculation method can be used to determine the depth of the sediment storage pit, and the influence of river regime conditions and water flow conditions on sediment deposition can be used to reasonably set the location and depth of the sediment storage pit to make the sediment concentrate and deposit.

[0134] In addition, at the positions where sediment accumulates intensively through the above-mentioned embodiments, standby spoil grounds are centrally selected to reduce the transportation distance of the dredging vessel and lower the investment in dredging during the operation period.

[0135] A detailed description will be given below in conjunction with another embodiment.

[0136] Embodiment 2

[0137] A device for determining the depth of a silt storage pit in a canal project provided in this embodiment includes multiple implementation units, and each implementation unit corresponds to each implementation step in Embodiment 1 above.

[0138] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of an optional device for determining the depth of a silt storage pit in a canal project according to an embodiment of the present invention. As Figure 8 shown, the device for determining the depth of a silt storage pit in the canal project may include: a river section feature acquisition unit 81, a sediment deposition solution unit 82, a sediment concentration calculation unit 83, and a silt storage pit depth determination unit 84.

[0139] Among them, the river section feature acquisition unit 81 is used to acquire the topographic features and river trends of each project river section of the target canal project. Among them, the project area determined from the starting point to the end point of the target canal project is divided into N project river sections, and N is a positive integer.

[0140] The sediment deposition solution unit 82 is used to input the topographic features and river trends of each project river section into a pre-established water-sediment coupling dynamics model, and the water-sediment element information within each time step is solved by the water-sediment coupling dynamics model, and the sediment deposition data of different project river sections is output.

[0141] The sediment concentration calculation unit 83 is used to acquire the channel parameters of each project river section and calculate the change in sediment concentration of the river cross-section based on the channel parameters.

[0142] The silt storage pit depth determination unit 84 is used to calculate the cumulative deposition thickness of the cross-section along the course based on the change in sediment concentration of the river cross-section and the water body flow rate of the river cross-section of the project river section, and determine the depth of each silt storage pit based on the cumulative deposition thickness of the cross-section along the course.

[0143] The device for determining the depth of the sedimentation pit of the above canal project can obtain the topographic features and river trends of the target canal project in each project river section through the river section feature acquisition unit 81, input the topographic features and river trends of each project river section into a pre-established water-sediment coupling dynamics model through the sediment deposition solution unit 82, solve the water-sediment element information within each time step by the water-sediment coupling dynamics model, output the sediment deposition data of different project river sections, obtain the river channel parameters of each project river section through the sediment concentration calculation unit 83, calculate the change in sediment concentration of the river cross-section based on the river channel parameters, calculate the cumulative deposition thickness of the cross-section along the course based on the change in sediment concentration of the river cross-section and the water body flow rate of the river cross-section of the project river section through the sedimentation pit depth determination unit 84, and determine the depth of each sedimentation pit based on the cumulative deposition thickness of the cross-section along the course. In this embodiment, the influence of river regime conditions and water flow conditions on sediment deposition can be utilized, the cumulative deposition thickness of the cross-section along the course can be calculated based on the change in sediment concentration of the river cross-section and the water body flow rate of the river cross-section of the project river section, and the depth of each sedimentation pit can be determined based on the cumulative deposition thickness of the cross-section along the course, so as to reasonably set the position and depth of the sedimentation pit, make the sediment concentrate and deposit, facilitate centralized dredging and centralized stacking, and solve the technical problems in the related art that the dredging ship needs to carry out dredging from the starting point to the ending point of the waterway, with large ship fuel consumption and low efficiency.

[0144] Optionally, the device for determining the depth of the sedimentation pit of the canal project further includes: a regional detection unit, configured to detect the bend area and the cross-section area of each project river section after obtaining the topographic features and river trends of the target canal project in each project river section; a sedimentation pit setting unit, configured to set a first type of sedimentation pit on the inner side of the bend in the bend area, where the initial range of the first type of sedimentation pit is from the starting point to the ending point of the bend section; a cross-section extraction unit, configured to extract the cross-section expansion area within the cross-section area, determine the cross-section expansion area as the floodplain, and set a second type of sedimentation pit in a predetermined area of the floodplain, where the initial setting range of the second type of sedimentation pit includes the predetermined water surface length range of the cross-section expansion.

[0145] Optionally, the water-sediment coupling dynamics model includes: a muddy water movement simulation sub-model, which simulates the movement data of the water flow and sediment containing solid particles in the project river section; a suspended sediment continuity sub-model, which simulates the distribution and transport conditions of suspended sediment in the water flow of the project river section, where the distribution conditions include: the spatio-temporal change data of the suspended sediment concentration, and the transport conditions include: the transport rate of the suspended sediment; a riverbed deformation sub-model, which simulates the change of the riverbed morphology in the project river section under the action of water flow and sediment; a water flow sediment-carrying sub-model, which simulates the saturated content of suspended sediment that the water flow can carry under the predetermined water flow and the boundary conditions of the project river section.

[0146] Optionally, for the suspended sediment continuity sub-model when simulating the movement data of water flow and sediment, the device for determining the depth of the sedimentation pit in the canal project further includes: a cross-section information acquisition unit for acquiring the cross-section average width, cross-section grouped average sediment concentration, and water flow sediment carrying capacity of the project river reach; a cross-section information input unit for inputting the cross-section average width, cross-section grouped average sediment concentration, water flow sediment carrying capacity, and grouped saturation recovery coefficient into the suspended sediment continuity sub-model, and the suspended sediment continuity sub-model simulates the distribution and transport of suspended sediment in the water flow of the project river reach.

[0147] Optionally, for the riverbed deformation sub-model of the device for determining the depth of the sedimentation pit in the canal project when simulating the change of the riverbed morphology, it further includes: a layering unit for layering the thickness of the scourable bed sediment in the project river reach and configuring the thickness of each layer and the initial bed sediment gradation; a cross-section erosion and deposition area acquisition unit for acquiring the dry unit weight of the riverbed and the cross-section erosion and deposition area of the project river reach; an input unit for inputting the thickness and initial bed sediment gradation of each scourable bed sediment, the dry unit weight of the riverbed, and the cross-section erosion and deposition area into the riverbed deformation sub-model, and the riverbed deformation sub-model inputs the boundary conditions and initial data of the project river reach to simulate the change of the riverbed morphology of the project river reach under the action of water flow and sediment.

[0148] Optionally, for the water flow sediment carrying sub-model of the device for determining the depth of the sedimentation pit in the canal project when simulating the saturated content of suspended sediment that the water flow can carry, it further includes: a settling velocity calculation unit for calculating the static water grouped settling velocity of suspended sediment particles based on the percentage content of suspended sediment in each particle size group and the settling velocity of the particle size group; acquiring the water flow sediment carrying capacity coefficient, hydraulic radius, and sediment carrying capacity index of the project river reach; a water flow sediment carrying determination unit for inputting the static water grouped settling velocity of suspended sediment particles, the water flow sediment carrying capacity coefficient, hydraulic radius, and sediment carrying capacity index of the project river reach into the water flow sediment carrying sub-model, and the water flow sediment carrying sub-model simulates the saturated content of suspended sediment that the water flow can carry under the predetermined water flow and the boundary conditions of the project river reach.

[0149] Optionally, the sediment concentration calculation unit includes: a river channel parameter acquisition module for acquiring the roughness coefficient of the dry rubble masonry lining, the roughness coefficient of the bottom and slopes of the unlined waterway based on the channel anti-seepage lining standard corresponding to the target canal project to obtain river channel parameters; a median particle size acquisition module for acquiring the median particle size of suspended sediment with different particle sizes in the project river reach and determining the correlation between water flow rate and sediment concentration based on the median particle size; a sediment concentration calculation module for calculating the water body flow rate and sediment concentration of the previous cross-section and the sediment concentration of the current cross-section based on the river channel parameters and the correlation between water flow rate and sediment concentration; a sediment concentration change calculation module for calculating the change of sediment concentration in the river cross-section based on the water body flow rate and sediment concentration of the previous cross-section and the sediment concentration of the current cross-section.

[0150] The device for determining the depth of the sedimentation pit in the above canal project may further include a processor and a memory. The above river section feature acquisition unit 81, sedimentation calculation unit 82, sediment concentration calculation unit 83, sedimentation pit depth determination unit 84, etc. are all stored in the memory as program units, and the processor executes the above program units stored in the memory to implement corresponding functions.

[0151] The above processor includes a kernel, and the kernel retrieves the corresponding program units from the memory. One or more kernels can be set, and by adjusting the kernel parameters, the position and depth of the sedimentation pit in the canal project can be determined, the sedimentation pit can be dredged, the use of ship machinery and equipment can be reduced, and the economy is good.

[0152] The above memory may include non-permanent memory in a computer-readable medium, random access memory (RAM) and / or non-volatile memory, etc., such as read-only memory (ROM) or flash RAM (flash RAM), and the memory includes at least one memory chip.

[0153] According to another aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium is further provided. The computer-readable storage medium includes a stored computer program, wherein when the computer program runs, it controls the device where the computer-readable storage medium is located to execute the method for determining the depth of the sedimentation pit in the canal project according to any one of the above-mentioned Embodiment 1.

[0154] According to another aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, an electronic device is further provided, including one or more processors and a memory. The memory is used to store one or more programs, wherein when the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the one or more processors implement the method for determining the depth of the sedimentation pit in the canal project according to any one of the above-mentioned Embodiment 1.

[0155] The present application also provides a computer program product, including a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the method for determining the depth of the sedimentation pit in the canal project described in various embodiments of the present application.

[0156] The present application also provides a computer program product, including a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium. The non-volatile computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the method for determining the depth of the sedimentation pit in the canal project described in various embodiments of the present application.

[0157] Figure 9 It is a hardware structure block diagram of an electronic device (or mobile device) for the method of determining the depth of the sedimentation pit in the canal project according to the embodiments of the present invention. As Figure 9 shown, the electronic device may include one or more ( Figure 9The processor (the processor may include, but is not limited to, a processing device such as a microprocessor MCU or a programmable logic device FPGA, etc.) and the memory 904 for storing data are shown by 902a, 902b, ……, 902n. In addition, it may further include: a display, an input / output interface (I / O interface), a universal serial bus (USB) port (which may be included as one of the ports of the I / O interface), a network interface, a keyboard, a power supply, and / or a camera. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that Figure 9 The structure shown is only illustrative and does not limit the structure of the above-mentioned electronic device. For example, the electronic device may further include more or fewer components than those Figure 9 shown herein, or have a different configuration from that Figure 9 shown.

[0158] The serial numbers of the above embodiments of the present invention are only for description and do not represent the advantages or disadvantages of the embodiments.

[0159] In the above embodiments of the present invention, the descriptions of the respective embodiments have their own emphases. For the parts not detailed in a certain embodiment, reference may be made to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0160] In the several embodiments provided by the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed technical content can be implemented in other ways. Among them, the device embodiments described above are only illustrative. For example, the division of the units can be a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the displayed or discussed couplings or direct couplings or communication connections to each other can be through some interfaces. The indirect couplings or communication connections of the units or modules can be in electrical or other forms.

[0161] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed to multiple units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0162] In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of the present invention can be integrated in a processing unit, or each unit can exist physically alone, or two or more units can be integrated in one unit. The above integrated units can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional units.

[0163] When the integrated unit is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for causing a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present invention. The foregoing storage medium includes: various media that can store program codes, such as USB flash drives, read-only memories (ROMs), random access memories (RAMs), mobile hard disks, magnetic disks, or optical discs.

[0164] The foregoing is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and refinements can be made, and these improvements and refinements should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for determining the depth of a silt storage pit for a canal project, characterized in that, Including: Obtain the topographic features and river trends of each project river section of the target canal project. Among them, the engineering area determined from the starting point to the ending point of the target canal project is divided into N project river sections, and N is a positive integer; Input the topographic features and river trends of each project river section into a pre-established water-sediment coupling dynamics model. The water-sediment coupling dynamics model solves the water-sediment element information within each time step and outputs the sediment deposition data of different project river sections; Obtain the river channel parameters of each project river section and calculate the change in sediment concentration in the river cross-section based on the river channel parameters; Calculate the cumulative deposition thickness of the cross-section along the way based on the change in sediment concentration in the river cross-section and the water body flow rate of the river cross-section of the project river section, and determine the depth of each sediment storage pit based on the cumulative deposition thickness of the cross-section along the way.

2. The method for determining the depth of the sedimentation pit according to claim 1, wherein After obtaining the topographic features and river trends of each project river section of the target canal project, it further includes: Detect the bend areas and cross-section areas of each project river section; Set the first type of sediment storage pits on the inner side of the bends in the bend areas. Among them, the initial range of the first type of sediment storage pits is from the starting point to the ending point of the bend section; Extract the cross-section expansion area within the cross-section area, determine the cross-section expansion area as the floodplain, and set the second type of sediment storage pits in a predetermined area of the floodplain. Among them, the initial setting range of the second type of sediment storage pits includes the predetermined water surface length range of the cross-section expansion.

3. The method for determining the depth of the sedimentation pit according to claim 1, wherein The water-sediment coupling dynamics model includes: A muddy water movement simulation sub-model that simulates the movement data of water flow and sediment containing solid particles in the project river section; A suspended sediment continuity sub-model that simulates the distribution and transport of suspended sediment in the water flow of the project river section. Among them, the distribution includes: spatio-temporal change data of suspended sediment concentration, and the transport includes: transport rate of suspended sediment; A riverbed deformation sub-model that simulates the change in riverbed morphology of the project river section under the action of water flow and sediment; A water flow sediment-carrying sub-model that simulates the saturated content of suspended sediment that the water flow can carry under the predetermined water flow and the boundary conditions of the project river section.

4. The method for determining the depth of the sedimentation pit according to claim 3, characterized in that, When the suspended sediment continuity sub-model simulates the movement data of water flow and sediment, it further includes: Obtain the cross-section average width, cross-section grouped average sediment concentration, and water flow sediment-carrying capacity of the project river section; Input the cross-section average width, cross-section grouped average sediment concentration, water flow sediment-carrying capacity, and grouped saturation recovery coefficient into the suspended sediment continuity sub-model, and the suspended sediment continuity sub-model simulates the distribution and transport of suspended sediment in the water flow of the project river section.

5. The method for determining the depth of the sedimentation pit according to claim 3, wherein The riverbed deformation sub-model, when simulating the change in riverbed morphology, further includes: Stratify the scourable bed sand thickness of the project river section and configure the thickness of each layer and the initial bed sand gradation; Obtain the dry unit weight of the riverbed and the cross-section erosion and deposition area of the project river section; Input the thickness and initial bed sand gradation of each scourable bed sand, the dry unit weight of the riverbed, and the cross-section erosion and deposition area into the riverbed deformation sub-model. The riverbed deformation sub-model inputs the boundary conditions and initial data of the project river section and simulates the change in riverbed morphology of the project river section under the action of water flow and sediment.

6. The method for determining the depth of the sedimentation pit according to claim 3, wherein When the water flow sediment-carrying model simulates the saturated content of suspended sediment that the water flow can carry, it further includes: Calculating the static water grouped settling velocity of suspended sediment particles based on the percentage content of suspended sediment in each particle size group and the settling velocity of the particle size group; Obtaining the sediment-carrying capacity coefficient, hydraulic radius, and sediment-carrying capacity index of the project river reach; Inputting the static water grouped settling velocity of suspended sediment particles, the sediment-carrying capacity coefficient, hydraulic radius, and sediment-carrying capacity index of the project river reach into the water flow sediment-carrying model, and the water flow sediment-carrying model simulates the saturated content of suspended sediment that the water flow can carry under the boundary conditions of the predetermined water flow and the project river reach.

7. The method for determining the depth of the sedimentation pit according to claim 1, characterized in that The step of obtaining the river channel parameters of each project river reach and calculating the change in sediment content of the river cross-section based on the river channel parameters includes: Based on the channel anti-seepage lining standard corresponding to the target canal project, obtaining the roughness coefficient of the dry rubble masonry lining and the roughness coefficient of the bottom and slope of the unlined waterway in each project river reach to obtain the river channel parameters; Obtaining the median particle size of suspended sediment with different particle sizes in the project river reach, and determining the correlation between water flow and sediment content based on the median particle size; Based on the river channel parameters and the correlation between water flow and sediment content, calculating the water body flow rate and sediment content of the previous cross-section and the sediment content of the current cross-section; Based on the water body flow rate and sediment content of the previous cross-section and the sediment content of the current cross-section, calculating the change in sediment content of the river cross-section.

8. A device for determining the depth of a silt storage pit in a canal project, characterized in that, It includes: A river reach feature acquisition unit for acquiring the topographic features and river trends of the target canal project in each project river reach, where the project area determined from the starting point to the ending point of the target canal project is divided into N project river reaches, and N is a positive integer; A sediment deposition solution unit for inputting the topographic features and river trends of each project river reach into a pre-established water-sediment coupling dynamics model, and the water-sediment coupling dynamics model solves the water-sediment element information within each time step and outputs the sediment deposition data of different project river reaches; A sediment content calculation unit for obtaining the river channel parameters of each project river reach and calculating the change in sediment content of the river cross-section based on the river channel parameters; A pre-sedimentation pit depth determination unit for calculating the cumulative deposition thickness of the cross-section along the course based on the change in sediment content of the river cross-section and the water body flow rate of the river cross-section of the project river reach, and determining the depth of each pre-sedimentation pit based on the cumulative deposition thickness of the cross-section along the course.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, It includes one or more processors and a memory, and the memory is used to store one or more programs. Among them, when the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the one or more processors implement the method for determining the depth of the pre-sedimentation pit of the canal project according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer program product, comprising a computer program, characterized in that, The steps of the method for determining the depth of the pre-sedimentation pit of the canal project according to any one of claims 1 to 7 are implemented when the computer program is executed by the processor.

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