Ecological slope carbon neutralization system and construction method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an ecological slope carbon neutralization system and a construction method thereof, and the system comprises a data collection module which is used for collecting activity data of an ecological slope project; the carbon emission calculation module is used for calculating the total carbon dioxide emission amount of the ecological slope project based on the collected activity amount data; the carbon sequestration amount calculation module is used for calculating the annual total carbon sequestration amount of the ecological slope protection plants; and the carbon neutralization estimation module is used for obtaining the carbon neutralization time of the ecological slope project according to the calculated total carbon dioxide emission amount of the ecological slope project and the calculated total annual carbon sequestration amount of the ecological slope protection plants, and is used for carrying out simulation analysis on different construction schemes and plant configuration, predicting the carbon neutralization effect and providing a basis for scheme optimization. According to the ecological slope carbon neutralization system and the construction method thereof, through comprehensive data acquisition and accurate calculation, the carbon emission and carbon sequestration conditions of ecological slope engineering can be scientifically evaluated, and a basis is provided for optimizing a construction scheme and plant configuration.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of carbon neutralization, and particularly relates to an ecological slope carbon neutralization system and a construction method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Globally, the problem of climate change is becoming increasingly severe. Global warming caused by greenhouse gas emissions has triggered a series of environmental problems, such as rising sea levels and frequent extreme climate events. To address this challenge, striving to achieve carbon neutrality has become a common global mission. Carbon neutrality means that within a certain period, through various means, the emissions and absorptions of carbon dioxide are balanced, thereby effectively controlling the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere and mitigating the impact of climate change.

[0003] Human activities such as highway construction and resource extraction will damage the original natural ecosystem, resulting in the emergence of many bare slopes. These bare slopes not only affect the ecological landscape but also pose significant geological disaster risks, such as landslides and debris flows, which can disrupt the surrounding environment and pose a huge threat to personal safety and infrastructure.

[0004] Traditional slope protection measures mainly focus on the stability of engineering structures, such as using concrete retaining walls and masonry revetments. However, these methods usually cause further negative impacts on the environment. On the one hand, a large amount of building materials such as cement and steel will be consumed during the construction process, and a large amount of carbon dioxide emissions will be generated during the production and transportation of these materials; on the other hand, traditional protection measures often ignore the restoration and protection of the ecosystem, resulting in the lack of vegetation coverage on the slopes, unable to play ecological functions, and not conducive to the restoration of ecological balance.

[0005] In order to restore the damaged vegetation, reduce soil erosion, and maintain ecological balance, some areas will green the slopes. In the selection of vegetation, usually only the climate conditions of the slope area are considered, and vegetation species suitable for the local climate are selected, but there is a lack of in-depth research and comprehensive consideration of the carbon sequestration ability of plants. Moreover, in terms of construction technology and scheme design, the focus is often on cost performance and short-term greening effects, and the long-term ecological benefits and carbon neutralization goals are not fully considered.

[0006] In ecological slope engineering, accurately calculating carbon emissions and carbon sequestration is the key to achieving carbon neutrality. However, due to the difficulty of obtaining data, existing technologies can usually only measure the carbon emissions of completed projects or projects under construction, and the calculation methods are not comprehensive and accurate enough. There is insufficient consideration of the embodied carbon emissions in the whole life cycle stages of raw material extraction, construction, and operation and maintenance, and there is also a lack of dynamic assessment and long-term prediction of the carbon sequestration ability of plants.

[0007] Therefore, it is of great practical significance to develop a carbon neutralization system that can comprehensively collect data related to ecological slope engineering, accurately calculate carbon emissions and carbon sequestration, and real-time monitor and manage the slope ecosystem. Summary of the Invention

[0008] Object of the Invention: To overcome the above deficiencies, the object of the present invention is to provide an ecological slope carbon neutralization system and its construction method, which is reasonably designed. Through comprehensive data collection and accurate calculation, it can scientifically evaluate the carbon emissions and carbon sequestration of ecological slope engineering, and provide a basis for optimizing the construction plan and plant configuration.

[0009] The object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: An ecological slope carbon neutralization system, comprising: A data collection module, used to collect the activity data of ecological slope engineering; A carbon emission calculation module, which calculates the total carbon dioxide emissions of ecological slope engineering based on the collected activity data. The calculation formula is , where EF i is the emission factor, Q i is each activity data, and Ep is the embodied carbon of materials; A carbon sequestration calculation module, used to calculate the annual total carbon sequestration of ecological slope protection plants. The calculation formula is: , where A is the slope area, f j is the proportion of plant j, NPP j is the net primary productivity, and C f is the carbon conversion coefficient; A carbon neutralization prediction module, which obtains the time required for carbon neutralization of ecological slope engineering according to the calculated total carbon dioxide emissions of ecological slope engineering and the annual total carbon sequestration of ecological slope protection plants, and is used to simulate and analyze different construction plans and plant configurations, predict their carbon neutralization effects, and provide a basis for optimizing the plan.

[0010] For the ecological slope carbon neutralization system of the present invention, the data collection module can collect the activity data in many aspects of ecological slope engineering, which provides a comprehensive and accurate data basis for subsequent carbon emission calculation. For example, in the ecological governance project of highway slopes, the data collection module details the manual working hours, material usage, transportation information, and energy consumption, etc., to ensure the integrity of the data.

[0011] The carbon emission calculation module calculates the total carbon dioxide emissions according to the collected data, using the calculation formula, taking into account the emission factor, activity data, and embodied carbon of materials, making the calculation of carbon emissions more accurate, and helping to accurately evaluate the carbon emissions of ecological slope engineering.

[0012] Specifically, The formula consists of two parts: 1. The direct emission part ( ): Quantify the direct carbon emissions of energy / activities during the construction and operation phases. This part is based on the "emission factor method" in the IPCC's "National Greenhouse Gas Inventory Guidelines" (2019), i.e., emissions = activity data × emission factor. The activity data (Q i ) is obtained through the data collection module (such as diesel consumption, machine working hours), and the emission factor (EF i ) is adopted from authoritative databases (such as "China Building Carbon Emission Accounting Standard", 0.96 kgCO2 / hour for manual activities, 2.76 kgCO2 / L for diesel machinery, etc.).

[0013] 2. The embodied carbon emission part ( ): Quantify the indirect emissions of the upstream supply chain such as building material production. The calculation scope covers the entire life cycle of building materials (raw material extraction → production and processing → transportation → construction waste (compliant with ISO 14040 LCA standard)), and the data source is the Ecoinvent 3.8 database.

[0014] Among them, The calculation method is: , where M k is the usage amount (kg) of material k, and CF k is the carbon footprint coefficient (kgCO2 / kg) of material k.

[0015] The carbon sequestration calculation module scientifically estimates the annual total carbon sequestration of ecological slope protection plants by considering factors such as slope area, plant proportion, net primary productivity, and carbon conversion coefficient, providing a quantitative basis for evaluating the carbon sequestration ability of plants.

[0016] Specifically, In , the slope area (A) is the basis for calculating the total carbon sequestration. Carbon sequestration occurs within a certain spatial range. The larger the slope area, the larger the space for planting plants, and theoretically, the more carbon dioxide can be fixed. The slope area defines the spatial range for subsequent calculations.

[0017] Plant proportion (f j ): On the ecological slope, usually multiple different plants are planted. The carbon sequestration abilities of different plants vary, and their distribution proportions on the slope are also different. The plant proportion f j represents the proportion of plant j among all plants. Considering the plant proportion is to more accurately reflect the contribution of each plant to the total carbon sequestration.

[0018] Net primary productivity (NPP j): It refers to the remaining part after subtracting the amount of organic carbon consumed by the plant's own respiration from the total amount of organic carbon fixed by green plants through photosynthesis within a certain time range. NPP is a key indicator to measure the carbon sequestration ability of plants, which reflects the amount of organic carbon that plants can actually fix and accumulate. Different plant species have different NPP values, and the NPP value is also affected by factors such as growth environment and growth stage. By introducing the NPP value, the carbon sequestration ability of plants can be quantified, providing a scientific basis for the calculation of carbon sequestration.

[0019] Carbon conversion coefficient (C f ): What plants fix through photosynthesis is carbon element, which is the coefficient used to convert the fixed carbon amount into carbon dioxide amount. Since the relative atomic mass of carbon (C) in carbon dioxide (CO2) is 12 and the relative atomic mass of oxygen (O) is 16, the relative molecular mass of CO2 is 44. Therefore, the coefficient for converting carbon to carbon dioxide is 44 / 12 ≈ 0.5. By multiplying the carbon conversion coefficient, the fixed carbon amount of plants can be converted into the corresponding carbon dioxide fixation amount, thus obtaining the required carbon sequestration data.

[0020] During calculation, for a single plant j, the carbon sequestration amount per unit area can be obtained by multiplying the net primary productivity NPP j of this plant by the carbon conversion coefficient C f , that is, the carbon sequestration amount of plants per unit area is ; Then, considering that the proportion of plant j on the slope is f j , then the contribution of plant j to carbon sequestration on the entire slope is the carbon sequestration amount of plants per unit area of plant j multiplied by its proportion and then multiplied by the slope area A, that is ; Finally, since there may be multiple plants planted on the slope, the contributions of carbon sequestration of each plant need to be accumulated. Therefore, the total annual carbon sequestration of the plants on the entire ecological slope is to sum up the contributions of carbon sequestration of all plants, that is .

[0021] The carbon neutrality estimation module can obtain the time required for carbon neutrality based on the total carbon emissions and total carbon sequestration, and conduct simulation analysis on different construction plans and plant configurations to predict the carbon neutrality effect, thus providing a scientific basis for optimizing the plan, helping to formulate a more reasonable and efficient ecological slope engineering plan to achieve a better carbon neutrality goal.

[0022] Furthermore, for the above ecological slope carbon neutrality system, the data acquisition module integrates an Internet of Things sensor network to collect micro-meteorological data and soil carbon flux data of the slope in real time.

[0023] After integrating the IoT sensor network, the data acquisition module can collect micro-meteorological data and soil carbon flux data of the slope in real time. These real-time data can reflect the dynamic changes of the slope environment. For example, changes in temperature, precipitation and wind speed will affect the growth and carbon absorption process of plants, and soil carbon flux data directly reflects the exchange of carbon in the soil. Through real-time monitoring, changes in the slope ecological environment can be grasped in a timely manner, providing more accurate real-time data support for subsequent carbon emissions and carbon sequestration calculations.

[0024] Real-time micro-meteorological and soil carbon flux data can help to more accurately assess the carbon emissions and carbon fixation of ecological slope projects. For example, under different meteorological conditions, the growth rate and carbon fixation efficiency of plants will be different. According to real-time data, construction plans and plant maintenance measures can be adjusted more accurately, thereby improving the carbon neutrality effect of ecological slope projects.

[0025] Furthermore, the above-mentioned ecological slope carbon neutrality system, the activity data of the ecological slope project, includes but is not limited to labor quota, material quota, machinery quota, transported cargo weight, transport cargo method, transport cargo distance, slope planting area, shrub species, number of shrub seeds, and the usage of gasoline, diesel, kerosene and electricity consumption.

[0026] Activity data include various original data, including labor quotas, material quotas, machinery quotas, transported cargo weight, transport methods, transport distance, slope planting area, shrub types, shrub seed numbers, etc., as well as energy consumption related data, such as gasoline, diesel, kerosene usage and electricity consumption.

[0027] All data collection strictly complies with GBT 51366-2019 "Building Carbon Emission Calculation Standard", ensuring the normativeness and standardization of the data. This makes the data between different ecological slope projects comparable, facilitates statistics and analysis within the industry, and is also conducive to docking with other relevant standards and specifications.

[0028] Among them, the transportation distance data of goods is obtained through the vehicle-mounted GPS positioning system. In the traditional transportation distance statistics, there may be human estimation errors, and the GPS positioning system can accurately record the transportation route and distance, thereby more accurately calculating the carbon emissions during the transportation process, further improving the accuracy of the carbon emission calculation of the entire ecological slope project.

[0029] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned ecological slope carbon neutrality system, the carbon neutrality estimation module integrates the carbon sink trading interface and supports the calculation of CCER carbon credit quota.

[0030] Integrating a carbon sink trading interface and supporting the calculation of CCER carbon credit quotas endows the carbon sink of ecological slope projects with economic value. When the carbon sink generated by an ecological slope project exceeds its own carbon emissions, the excess carbon sink can be converted into CCER carbon credit quotas for trading, bringing additional economic benefits to the project. For example, if the carbon sequestration of the slope protection plants in an ecological slope project exceeds the project's carbon emissions each year, the excess carbon sink can be sold through carbon sink trading to realize the transformation of economic value.

[0031] The economic incentive of carbon sink trading can encourage more projects to adopt the ecological slope carbon neutralization system, promoting the development and popularization of ecological slope projects. In order to obtain more carbon sink benefits, project developers will pay more attention to improving the carbon sequestration capacity of ecological slopes, optimizing construction plans and plant configurations, thereby further enhancing the carbon neutralization effect of ecological slope projects.

[0032] Furthermore, the above-mentioned ecological slope carbon neutralization system further includes a monitoring and management module; the monitoring and management module includes a computer, a water supply and irrigation subsystem, a soil humidity sensor, and a monitoring camera. The computer is respectively connected to the water supply and irrigation subsystem, the soil humidity sensor, and the monitoring camera. The soil humidity sensor and the monitoring camera are used to monitor the soil humidity and plant growth status of the slope in real time. The water supply and irrigation subsystem adjusts the irrigation water volume according to the monitored soil humidity and plant growth status to ensure the growth needs of the slope plants.

[0033] The monitoring and management module monitors the soil humidity and plant growth status of the slope in real time through the soil humidity sensor and the monitoring camera, and transmits the data to the computer. The computer can analyze and process these data to timely detect problems that occur during the slope environment and plant growth processes, such as soil drought, plant diseases and pests, etc.

[0034] The water supply and irrigation subsystem automatically adjusts the irrigation water volume according to the monitored soil humidity and plant growth status to achieve precise irrigation. This can not only meet the growth needs of slope plants, improve the survival rate and growth quality of plants, but also avoid water resource waste and soil nutrient loss caused by over-irrigation, improve the utilization efficiency of water resources, and reduce the operation cost of ecological slope projects.

[0035] The present invention also relates to a construction method of the above-mentioned ecological slope carbon neutralization system, including a construction preparation stage, a construction stage, and a post-construction maintenance and monitoring stage.

[0036] Furthermore, for the construction method of the above-mentioned ecological slope carbon neutralization system, in the construction preparation stage, the following steps are included: (1) Data collection and analysis: Use the data acquisition module to comprehensively collect the original data of the ecological slope project, deeply analyze the collected original data, and determine the construction plan and plant configuration plan; (2) Material and equipment preparation: According to the construction plan, prepare the required materials and equipment. In terms of material selection, biodegradable materials are preferably used. In terms of equipment selection, the proportion of electric construction machinery is not less than 40%. Conduct strict quality inspections on materials and equipment; (3) Site cleaning and leveling: Clean the slope, remove sundries, and ensure the slope surface is flat. For slopes with a large slope, slope cutting treatment is carried out. During the cleaning process, protect the surrounding environment.

[0037] In the data collection and analysis step, using the data acquisition module to comprehensively collect the original data and deeply analyze it can formulate a scientific and reasonable construction plan and plant configuration plan according to the actual situation. For example, select slope protection plants with strong drought tolerance according to the climate conditions of the construction area, and select a suitable support structure according to the slope gradient, which improves the feasibility and effectiveness of the ecological slope project. In the material and equipment preparation step, giving priority to the use of biodegradable materials (such as PLA biodegradable vegetation bags (bio-based content ≥ 90%)) and increasing the proportion of electric construction machinery reduces carbon emissions and environmental pollution during the construction process. Biodegradable materials can decompose naturally after use, reducing the long-term impact on the environment; electric construction machinery has lower carbon emissions compared to traditional fuel machinery, meeting the goal requirements of carbon neutrality. At the same time, strict quality inspections ensure the quality of materials and equipment, providing guarantee for the construction quality. The site cleaning and leveling step pays attention to protecting the surrounding environment while cleaning the sundries on the slope, avoiding damage to the ecosystem. For slopes with a large slope, slope cutting treatment is carried out, improving the stability of the slope and reducing the risk of geological disasters.

[0038] Further, for the construction method of the above-mentioned ecological slope carbon neutralization system, in the construction stage, it includes the following steps: (1) Slope support construction: Select the support method according to the geological conditions and stability requirements of the slope; (2) Plant planting construction: After the support structure construction is completed, carry out plant planting, adopting a shrub-herb complex community configuration; (3) Irrigation system installation: Install a photovoltaic water pump irrigation system.

[0039] The slope support construction selects a suitable support method according to the geological conditions and stability requirements of the slope, which can ensure the stability of the slope and reduce the occurrence of geological disasters. For example, using low-carbon anchor support not only ensures the support effect but also reduces carbon emissions.

[0040] The plant planting construction adopts a shrub-herb complex community configuration, and synergistic effects can be formed among different plants to improve the carbon sequestration efficiency. For example, the composite configuration of Amorpha fruticosa and Festuca arundinacea has a carbon sequestration synergy coefficient of 1.2, which has a better carbon sequestration effect than single plants and helps to improve the carbon sequestration capacity of ecological slopes. Taking the planting with vegetation bags as an example, first mix the collected topsoil with organic fertilizer for standby, then fill the prepared topsoil into the PLA degradable vegetation bags and stack them in the pre-set mesh grid beams. During the planting process, attention should be paid to the spacing and density of the plants to ensure that the plants have sufficient growth space. Install a photovoltaic water pump irrigation system, which uses solar energy for irrigation and has the advantages of energy conservation and environmental protection. This system has a strong daily water supply capacity and high water-saving efficiency, can meet the irrigation needs of slope plants, reduce the dependence on traditional energy sources, lower the operating costs, and conforms to the development concept of carbon neutrality.

[0041] Furthermore, for the construction method of the above ecological slope carbon neutrality system, in the post-construction maintenance and monitoring stage, the following steps are included: (1) Plant maintenance: According to the growth needs of the plants, carry out regular maintenance work, prevent and control diseases and pests in a timely manner, and adopt green control methods; (2) System monitoring: Through the monitoring and management module, real-time monitor the slope stability, plant growth status, and soil humidity. Through the analysis of the monitoring data, discover problems in a timely manner and take corresponding measures; (3) Carbon sink early warning mechanism: Regularly evaluate the carbon emissions and carbon sequestration amount of the ecological slope project to verify the effect of the carbon neutrality system.

[0042] Carry out regular maintenance work such as watering, fertilizing, and pruning according to the growth needs of the plants. In the dry season, increase the watering frequency to ensure the water supply of the plants; in the vigorous growth period of the plants, apply appropriate fertilizers to promote the growth of the plants. Prevent and control diseases and pests in a timely manner, and adopt green control methods such as biological control and physical control to reduce the use of chemical pesticides. For example, use natural enemy insects to control the number of pests, and use insect-trapping lights to trap pests, etc.

[0043] Use the monitoring and management module to real-time monitor information such as slope stability, plant growth status, and soil humidity, and analyze the monitoring data. It can timely discover problems such as potential safety hazards on the slope, abnormal plant growth, and unsuitable soil humidity, and take corresponding measures in a timely manner, which can avoid the occurrence of geological disasters and ensure the good growth trend of the plants.

[0044] Regularly evaluate the carbon emissions and carbon sequestration amount of the ecological slope project to verify the effect of the carbon neutrality system, which helps to timely discover the situation of excessive carbon emissions or insufficient carbon sequestration. Once problems are discovered, the construction plan or plant configuration plan can be adjusted in a timely manner to improve the effectiveness and reliability of the ecological slope carbon neutrality system.

[0045] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The ecological slope carbon neutralization system and its construction method disclosed by the present invention are reasonably designed, can comprehensively collect data related to ecological slope projects, accurately calculate carbon emissions and carbon sequestration amounts, and monitor and manage the slope ecosystem in real time. It can reduce the occurrence of geological disasters, protect the surrounding environment, and also reduce the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere through the carbon sequestration effect of plants. At the same time, it can reduce the maintenance cost during the long-term operation process, increase the value of the surrounding land, promote regional economic development, improve the public's environmental protection awareness, and promote the sustainable development of the whole society. Specific Embodiments

[0046] Next, Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 will be combined with specific experimental data to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Example 1 Select a highway slope ecological governance project A as Example 1. The slope area is 5000 square meters, the slope is 30°, the geological conditions are relatively complex, and the surrounding environment has relatively high requirements for ecological protection. Project A aims to achieve slope stability and carbon neutralization goals through the ecological slope carbon neutralization system.

[0047] The construction of Example 1 is as follows: 1. Data acquisition module: Integrate the Internet of Things sensor network to collect the micro-meteorological data (temperature, precipitation, wind speed, etc.) and soil carbon flux data of the slope in real time. At the same time, strictly collect the original data of the ecological slope project in accordance with GBT 51366 - 2019 "Building Carbon Emission Calculation Standard", including labor quota, material quota, machinery quota, transported goods weight, transported goods method, transported goods distance, slope planting area, shrub species, shrub seed quantity, gasoline, diesel, kerosene usage, and electricity consumption, etc. The transported goods distance data is obtained through the vehicle-mounted GPS positioning system to ensure the accuracy and standardization of the data.

[0048] 2. Carbon emission calculation module: According to the collected activity data, use the formula to calculate the total carbon dioxide emissions. Among them, for the direct emission part, according to the "emission factor method" in the IPCC "National Greenhouse Gas Inventory Guidelines" (2019), the activity data is obtained through the data acquisition module, and the calculation scope of the implicit carbon emissions covers the whole life cycle of building materials, and the data source is the Ecoinvent 3.8 database.

[0049] 3. Carbon sequestration calculation module: Calculate the total annual carbon sequestration of the slope protection plants on the ecological slope according to the formula Quantitatively evaluate the carbon sequestration capacity of different plants by considering factors such as the slope area, plant proportion, net primary productivity, and carbon conversion coefficient.

[0050] 4. Carbon neutrality prediction module: Integrate the carbon sink trading interface to support the calculation of CCER carbon credit. Based on the calculated total carbon emissions and total carbon sequestration, obtain the time required for the ecological slope project to achieve carbon neutrality, and conduct simulation analysis on different construction plans and plant configurations to predict their carbon neutrality effects, providing a basis for optimizing the plan.

[0051] 5. Monitoring and management module: Includes a computer, a water supply and irrigation subsystem, a soil moisture sensor, and a monitoring camera. The soil moisture sensor and the monitoring camera monitor the soil moisture and plant growth conditions of the slope in real time and transmit the data to the computer. The computer analyzes and processes the data, and the water supply and irrigation subsystem automatically adjusts the irrigation water volume according to the monitoring results to ensure the growth needs of the slope plants.

[0052] The construction process of Example 1 is as follows: 1. Construction preparation stage (1) Data collection and analysis: Use the data acquisition module to comprehensively collect raw data, and determine the construction plan and plant configuration plan after in-depth analysis. According to the climate conditions of the construction area, select slope protection plants with strong drought tolerance, such as Amorpha fruticosa and Hippohgae rhamnoides; select the appropriate support structure according to the slope gradient.

[0053] (2) Material and equipment preparation: Give priority to using degradable materials, such as PLA degradable vegetation bags (biobased content ≥ 90%). In terms of equipment selection, the proportion of electric construction machinery reaches 45%. Conduct strict quality inspections on materials and equipment to ensure construction quality.

[0054] (3) Site cleaning and leveling: Clean the slope, remove sundries, and ensure the slope surface is flat. For parts with a large slope gradient, conduct slope cutting treatment. During the cleaning process, pay attention to protecting the surrounding environment and avoid damaging the ecosystem.

[0055] 2. Construction stage (1) Slope support construction: According to the geological conditions and stability requirements of the slope, select the bolt-lattice beam support method to ensure the stability of the slope.

[0056] (2) Planting construction: After the support structure construction is completed, carry out plant planting, adopting a shrub-herb complex community configuration. Plant shrubs such as Amorpha fruticosa and Hippohgae rhamnoides, and herbaceous plants such as Cynodon dactylon and Lolium perenne to improve the carbon sequestration capacity and ecological stability of the plants.

[0057] (3) Installation of irrigation system: Install a photovoltaic water pump irrigation system to utilize solar energy as the power source, reducing energy consumption and carbon emissions.

[0058] 3. Post-construction maintenance and monitoring stage (1) Plant maintenance: Carry out regular maintenance work according to the growth requirements of plants, prevent and control pests and diseases in a timely manner, and adopt green control methods such as biological control and physical control to reduce the use of chemical pesticides.

[0059] (2) System monitoring: Through the monitoring and management module, monitor the stability of the slope, the growth status of plants, and the soil moisture in real time. Analyze the monitoring data, discover problems in a timely manner, and take corresponding measures such as adjusting the irrigation water volume and fertilization.

[0060] (3) Carbon sink early warning mechanism: Regularly evaluate the carbon emissions and carbon sequestration of the ecological slope project to verify the effectiveness of the carbon neutralization system. When the carbon sink is insufficient, adjust the plant configuration in a timely manner or take other measures to improve the carbon sequestration capacity.

[0061] After one year of operation and monitoring, the total carbon dioxide emissions of the ecological slope project in Example 1 are about 50 tons, and the annual total carbon sequestration of the slope protection plants is about 30 tons. According to the calculation of the carbon neutralization prediction module, this project is expected to achieve carbon neutrality within 5 years. At the same time, through carbon sink trading, the excess carbon sink is converted into CCER carbon credit quotas for trading, bringing additional economic benefits to Project A. In terms of plant growth, the survival rate of plants reaches over 90%, and the growth status is good, effectively improving the stability of the slope and the quality of the ecological environment.

[0062] Comparative Example 1 Select another similar highway slope ecological treatment project B as Comparative Example 1. The area of this slope is 4,800 square meters, the slope is 32°, and the geological conditions and surrounding environment are similar to those in Example 1. However, this project B does not adopt the ecological slope carbon neutralization system of the present invention, but uses traditional slope protection and greening methods.

[0063] The construction process of Comparative Example 1 is as follows: 1. Construction preparation stage: The construction data collected is not comprehensive enough, lacking accurate calculation of carbon emissions and carbon sequestration. In terms of material selection, biodegradable materials are not preferentially used, and the equipment is mainly traditional fuel machinery. During the site cleaning process, the protection measures for the surrounding environment are not perfect enough.

[0064] 2. Construction stage: The slope support uses a traditional mortar rubble retaining wall. Only a single herbaceous plant is selected for plant planting, and the irrigation system uses an ordinary water pump for irrigation, resulting in relatively high energy consumption.

[0065] 3. Post-construction maintenance and monitoring stage: Plant maintenance mainly relies on manual experience, lacking scientific monitoring and management means. The monitoring of the slope stability and plant growth conditions is not timely and accurate enough. Pest control mainly uses chemical pesticides, causing certain pollution to the environment.

[0066] After one year of operation and monitoring, the total carbon dioxide emissions of the ecological slope project in Comparative Example 1 were about 80 tons, and the total annual carbon sequestration of the slope protection plants was about 10 tons. Due to the lack of effective carbon neutralization measures, Project B is difficult to achieve the carbon neutrality goal in the short term. At the same time, the survival rate of plants is relatively low, only about 70%, and the improvement effect of slope stability and ecological environment quality is not obvious.

[0067] It can be seen from the comparison between Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 that the ecological slope carbon neutralization system of the present invention has significant advantages. Through comprehensive data collection and accurate calculation, this system can scientifically evaluate the carbon emissions and carbon sequestration of ecological slope projects, providing a basis for optimizing construction plans and plant configurations. During the construction process, degradable materials and electric construction machinery are preferentially used, reducing carbon emissions and environmental pollution. At the same time, the real-time monitoring and precise control of the monitoring and management module improve the survival rate and growth quality of plants, enhancing the slope stability and ecological functions. In addition, the integrated carbon sink trading interface brings additional economic benefits to the project, motivating more projects to adopt this system and promoting the development and popularization of ecological slope projects.

[0068] There are many specific application ways of the present invention, and the above description is only the preferred implementation manner of the present invention. It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and do not limit the protection scope of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art in this technical field, several improvements can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements should also be regarded as within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An ecological slope carbon neutralization system, characterized in that, Including: A data acquisition module for collecting activity data of ecological slope projects. The carbon emission calculation module calculates the total carbon dioxide emissions of the ecological slope project based on the collected activity data. The calculation formula is , where EF i is the emission factor, Q i is the activity data, and Ep is the embodied carbon of materials; Carbon sequestration calculation module, which is used to calculate the total annual carbon sequestration of the slope protection plants on the ecological slope. The calculation formula is as follows: , where A is the slope area, f j is the proportion of plant j, NPP j is the net primary productivity, C f is the carbon conversion coefficient; A carbon neutrality estimation module that, based on the total carbon dioxide emissions calculated for the ecological slope project and the total annual carbon sequestration of the slope protection plants, obtains the time required for the ecological slope project to achieve carbon neutrality, is used to simulate and analyze different construction plans and plant configurations, predict their carbon neutrality effects, and provide a basis for optimizing the plan.

2. The ecological slope carbon neutralization system according to claim 1, characterized in that The data acquisition module integrates an Internet of Things sensor network to collect micro-meteorological data and soil carbon flux data of the slope in real time.

3. The ecological slope carbon neutralization system according to claim 1, characterized in that The activity data of the ecological slope project includes, but is not limited to, labor quotas, material quotas, machinery quotas, weight of transported goods, transportation methods of transported goods, transportation distances of transported goods, slope planting area, shrub species, number of shrub seeds, and usage amounts of gasoline, diesel, kerosene, and electricity consumption.

4. The ecological slope carbon neutralization system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The carbon neutrality estimation module integrates a carbon sink trading interface to support the calculation of CCER carbon credit quotas.

5. The ecological slope carbon neutralization system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a monitoring and management module; the monitoring and management module includes a computer, a water supply and irrigation subsystem, a soil humidity sensor, and a monitoring camera. The computer is respectively connected to the water supply and irrigation subsystem, the soil humidity sensor, and the monitoring camera. The soil humidity sensor and the monitoring camera are used to monitor the soil humidity and plant growth conditions of the slope in real time. The water supply and irrigation subsystem adjusts the irrigation water volume according to the monitored soil humidity and plant growth conditions to ensure the growth needs of the slope plants.

6. The construction method of the ecological slope carbon neutralization system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that It includes a construction preparation stage, a construction stage, and a post-construction maintenance and monitoring stage.

7. The construction method of the ecological slope carbon neutralization system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The construction preparation stage includes the following steps: (1) Data collection and analysis: Use the data acquisition module to comprehensively collect the original data of the ecological slope project, and conduct in-depth analysis of the collected original data to determine the construction plan and plant configuration plan. (2) Material and equipment preparation: According to the construction plan, prepare the required materials and equipment. In terms of material selection, biodegradable materials are preferably used. In terms of equipment selection, the proportion of electric construction machinery is not less than 40%. Conduct strict quality inspections on the materials and equipment. (3) Site cleaning and leveling: Clean the slope, remove sundries, and ensure the slope surface is flat. For slopes with a large slope, slope cutting treatment is carried out. Protect the surrounding environment during the cleaning process.

8. The construction method of the ecological slope carbon neutralization system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The construction stage includes the following steps: (1) Slope support construction: Select the support method according to the geological conditions and stability requirements of the slope. (2) Plant planting construction: After the support structure construction is completed, carry out plant planting, adopting a shrub-herb complex community configuration. (3) Installation of irrigation system: Install a photovoltaic water pump irrigation system.

9. The construction method of the ecological slope carbon neutralization system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The post-construction maintenance and monitoring stage includes the following steps: (1) Plant maintenance: Carry out regular maintenance work according to the growth needs of the plants, and prevent and control pests and diseases in a timely manner, adopting green prevention and control methods. (2) System monitoring: Through the monitoring and management module, monitor the stability of the slope, the growth conditions of the plants, and the soil humidity in real time. Through the analysis of the monitoring data, discover problems in a timely manner and take corresponding measures. (3) Carbon sink early warning mechanism: Regularly evaluate the carbon emissions and carbon sequestration of the ecological slope project to verify the effectiveness of the carbon neutrality system.