Distributed voltage control method and device, electronic equipment, readable storage medium and program product

Abstract

The invention relates to a distributed voltage control method and device, electronic equipment, a readable storage medium and a program product. The method comprises the following steps: establishing a micro-grid communication model based on a graph theory based on a micro-grid comprising a plurality of distributed power generation units, for each node, acquiring inverter output voltage of an adjacent node of the node based on the micro-grid communication model, and calculating the inverter reference voltage of the node and the inverter output voltage of the adjacent node according to the inverter reference voltage of the node and the inverter output voltage of the adjacent node. And the inverter output voltage of the node is adjusted based on a containment consistency control protocol, so that the common bus voltage of the micro-grid reaches a rated value when the system is in a steady state. The distributed micro-grid communication model adopts sparse communication to realize voltage regulation and power distribution, and each node in the system only communicates with the adjacent node, so that the communication cost is reduced. And the voltage consistency among the distributed nodes is realized through the containment consistency control protocol, so that the stability and the reliability of the whole system can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of microgrid control, and particularly to a distributed voltage control method, device, electronic device, readable storage medium, and program product. Background Art

[0002] In a traditional grid-forming microgrid system, uneven power distribution among parallel inverters is a common phenomenon. Generally, when the actual output power of some inverters exceeds their rated power, the actual output voltage of the inverters will be lower than their rated voltage, resulting in unstable system operation. In addition, changes in the load will also cause fluctuations in the output voltage of the inverters, causing it to deviate from the initial set value.

[0003] In traditional technologies, to eliminate the voltage deviation caused by traditional grid-forming control and virtual impedance strategies, centralized voltage secondary control is generally adopted. That is, the central controller collects data from each distributed generation unit (Distributed Generation, i.e., DG unit), processes it centrally, and then distributes and transmits it to each DG unit according to a certain algorithm.

[0004] However, the traditional centralized voltage secondary control method requires a high-bandwidth real-time communication network to transmit data. Moreover, as the number of DG units increases, the communication network is prone to congestion, resulting in communication delays and causing control commands to lag. In addition, as the core of the system, the central controller is prone to single-point failures and has low reliability. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a distributed voltage control method, device, electronic device, computer-readable storage medium, and computer program product with high reliability for the above technical problems.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides a distributed voltage control method, which is applied to a microgrid including multiple distributed generation units. The method includes:

[0007] Based on a microgrid including multiple distributed generation units, map the multiple distributed generation units to the nodes of a graph, and map the information interaction between the multiple distributed generation units to the edges of the graph to obtain a microgrid communication model based on graph theory;

[0008] For each node, based on the microgrid communication model, obtain the inverter output voltage of the adjacent nodes of the node;

[0009] According to the inverter reference voltage of the node and the inverter output voltage of the adjacent nodes, adjust the inverter output voltage of the node based on the pinning consensus control protocol, so that the common bus voltage of the microgrid reaches the rated value in the system steady state.

[0010] In one embodiment, adjusting the inverter output voltage of the node based on the pinning consensus control protocol according to the inverter reference voltage of the node and the inverter output voltage of the adjacent node includes: determining the leader node and the follower nodes in the microgrid communication model; for the leader node, obtaining the actual voltage of the common bus in the microgrid, and determining the expected inverter voltage according to the actual voltage of the common bus and the corresponding rated value; adjusting the inverter output voltage of the leader node based on the pinning consensus control protocol according to the inverter reference voltage of the leader node, the expected inverter voltage, and the inverter output voltage of the adjacent node.

[0011] In one embodiment, determining the expected inverter voltage according to the actual voltage of the common bus and the corresponding rated value includes: based on the voltage secondary control mechanism, obtaining the corresponding proportional control parameter and integral control parameter; comparing the actual voltage of the common bus with the rated value to determine the voltage comparison result; determining the voltage compensation value according to the voltage comparison result, the proportional control parameter, and the integral control parameter; and determining the sum of the voltage compensation value and the no-load voltage of the inverter of the leader node as the expected inverter voltage.

[0012] In one embodiment, determining the voltage compensation value according to the voltage comparison result, the proportional control parameter, and the integral control parameter includes: determining the product of the voltage comparison result and the proportional control parameter as the first compensation; determining the quotient of the integral control parameter and the complex frequency, and determining the product of the quotient and the voltage comparison result as the second compensation; and obtaining the sum of the first compensation and the second compensation to obtain the voltage compensation value.

[0013] In one embodiment, adjusting the inverter output voltage of the leader node based on the pinning consensus control protocol according to the inverter reference voltage of the leader node, the expected inverter voltage, and the inverter output voltage of the adjacent node includes: determining the voltage tracking error of the leader node according to the weighted sum of the difference between the inverter output voltage of the adjacent node and the inverter reference voltage of the leader node; determining the voltage regulation error of the leader node according to the difference between the expected inverter voltage and the inverter reference voltage of the leader node; determining the voltage regulation tracking error of the leader node based on the sum of the voltage tracking error and the voltage regulation error; and adjusting the inverter output voltage of the leader node based on the pinning consensus control protocol according to the voltage regulation tracking error.

[0014] In one embodiment, the method further includes: for the follower node, determining a voltage regulation tracking error of the follower node according to a weighted sum of a difference between an inverter output voltage of the adjacent node and an inverter reference voltage of the follower node; and adjusting the inverter output voltage of the follower node based on a pinning consensus control protocol according to the voltage regulation tracking error.

[0015] In a second aspect, the present application provides a distributed voltage control device, which is applied to a microgrid including a plurality of distributed generation units. The device includes:

[0016] A communication model determination module, configured to map a plurality of the distributed generation units to nodes of a graph and map information interaction between the plurality of the distributed generation units to edges of the graph based on a microgrid including the plurality of distributed generation units, so as to obtain a microgrid communication model based on graph theory;

[0017] A voltage acquisition module, configured to acquire an inverter output voltage of an adjacent node of each node based on the microgrid communication model;

[0018] A voltage control module, configured to adjust an inverter output voltage of the node based on a pinning consensus control protocol according to an inverter reference voltage of the node and the inverter output voltage of the adjacent node, so that a common bus voltage of the microgrid reaches a rated value in a system steady state.

[0019] In a third aspect, the present application provides an electronic device, including a memory and a processor. The memory stores a computer program, and when the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the above method are implemented.

[0020] In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the above method are implemented.

[0021] In a fifth aspect, the present application provides a computer program product, including a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the above method are implemented.

[0022] The above-mentioned distributed voltage control method, device, electronic device, computer-readable storage medium and computer program product establish a microgrid communication model based on graph theory for a microgrid including multiple distributed generation units. For each node, based on the microgrid communication model, the inverter output voltage of the adjacent nodes of the node is obtained. According to the inverter reference voltage of the node and the inverter output voltage of the adjacent nodes, the inverter output voltage of the node is adjusted based on the pinning consensus control protocol, so that the common bus voltage of the microgrid reaches the rated value under system steady state. Since the distributed microgrid communication model uses sparse communication to achieve voltage regulation and power distribution, each node in the system only communicates with its adjacent nodes, thus reducing the communication cost. Also, since the voltage consistency among distributed nodes is achieved through the pinning consensus control protocol, the stability and reliability of the entire system can be improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or related technologies, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments of the present application or related technologies. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other related drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic flowchart of the distributed voltage control method in an embodiment;

[0025] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the graph structure of the microgrid communication model in an embodiment;

[0026] Figure 3 It is a schematic flowchart of the voltage control step in an embodiment;

[0027] Figure 4 It is a control block diagram of multiple parallel inverters in an embodiment;

[0028] Figure 5A It is a schematic waveform diagram of the effective value of the common bus voltage under Condition 1 in an embodiment;

[0029] Figure 5B It is a schematic waveform diagram of the reactive power output by the inverter under Condition 1 in an embodiment;

[0030] Figure 6A It is a schematic waveform diagram of the effective value of the common bus voltage under Condition 2 in an embodiment;

[0031] Figure 6B It is a schematic waveform diagram of the reactive power output by the inverter under Condition 2 in an embodiment;

[0032] Figure 6C Schematic diagram of the effective value waveform of the common bus voltage under condition 2 in another embodiment;

[0033] Figure 6D Schematic diagram of the waveform of the reactive power output by the inverter under condition 2 in another embodiment;

[0034] Figure 7A Schematic diagram of the effective value waveform of the common bus voltage under condition 3 in one embodiment;

[0035] Figure 7B Schematic diagram of the waveform of the reactive power output by the inverter under condition 3 in one embodiment;

[0036] Figure 8 Structural block diagram of a distributed voltage control device in one embodiment;

[0037] Figure 9 Internal structure diagram of an electronic device in one embodiment. Specific implementation manners

[0038] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer and more understandable, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application.

[0039] In one embodiment, a distributed voltage control method is provided, and this method is applied to a microgrid including multiple distributed generation units. Among them, the distributed generation unit DG refers to a small-scale power generation facility installed near users or load centers in the distribution network of the power system. Distributed generation is an important part of modern power systems and is of great significance for improving energy utilization efficiency, reducing environmental pollution, enhancing grid stability and promoting energy transformation.

[0040] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 shown, this method may include the following steps:

[0041] Step 102, based on a microgrid including multiple distributed generation units, establish a microgrid communication model based on graph theory.

[0042] Among them, the microgrid communication model is responsible for realizing the information interaction between each distributed generation unit DG in the microgrid. In this embodiment, based on a microgrid including multiple distributed generation units, the multiple distributed generation units can be regarded as agents, and the microgrid can be regarded as a multi-agent network to establish a distributed microgrid communication model. Specifically, each distributed generation unit can be mapped to the nodes of a graph, and the information interaction between each distributed generation unit can be mapped to the edges of the graph, thereby constructing a distributed microgrid communication model based on graph theory. The distributed microgrid communication model uses sparse communication to achieve voltage regulation and power distribution. The DG nodes in the system only communicate with their adjacent DG nodes, so the reliability is higher, the bandwidth requirement is significantly reduced, and the communication cost is decreased.

[0043] Specifically, the communication topology structure of the microgrid communication model can be described by a directed graph where represents each agent as a node, and the edge connecting the nodes represents the communication between agents. Among them, when and only when node i can directly receive the information of node j, . A = [a ij represents the weighted adjacency matrix of the relationship between agents, and a ij represents the communication weight between nodes. When there is communication between node i and node j, a ij = 1, indicating that node j is a neighbor of node i; otherwise, a ij = 0. The set of neighbor nodes of node i is denoted as . The system structure can be described by the Laplacian matrix L = [l ij n×n = D - A, where is the in-degree matrix of the system, indicating the number of edges from adjacent nodes sending information to node i.

[0044] In an exemplary embodiment, taking a microgrid system including three distributed generation units (i.e., DG1, DG2, and DG3) as an example, its corresponding microgrid communication model is as Figure 2 shown. Among them, the corresponding adjacency matrix A and Laplacian matrix L are as follows:

[0045]

[0046] Step 104, for each node, based on the microgrid communication model, obtain the inverter output voltage of the adjacent nodes of the node.

[0047] ​Specifically, for each DG node in the microgrid communication model, it communicates only with its adjacent DG nodes to obtain the inverter output voltage of the adjacent DG nodes, and performs voltage control through subsequent steps. Therefore, when a single DG node fails and exits the operation, it will not cause the collapse of the secondary control of the entire system, thus effectively preventing the spread of local faults and improving the reliability of the system. When new DG nodes or inverters are added to the system, there is no need to reconstruct the central controller. It is only necessary to configure the communication topology between the newly added DG nodes or inverters and the neighborhood locally to access the system, making the implementation highly scalable.

[0048] Step 106: Based on the pinning consensus control protocol, adjust the inverter output voltage of the node according to the inverter reference voltage of the node and the inverter output voltage of the adjacent node.

[0049] Among them, the inverter reference voltage of the node can specifically be the input reference voltage of the voltage loop of the node's inverter, usually generated by the voltage control loop. The pinning consensus control protocol is a control strategy that realizes the consensus of the entire system by controlling some nodes in the network.

[0050] In this embodiment, each node can adjust its control input according to the inverter output voltage of its neighbor nodes and its own inverter reference voltage, so as to achieve voltage consistency among distributed generation units, make the common bus voltage of the microgrid reach the rated value in the steady state of the system, and improve the stability and reliability of the entire system.

[0051] In the above distributed voltage control method, based on a microgrid including multiple distributed generation units, a microgrid communication model based on graph theory is established. For each node, based on the microgrid communication model, the inverter output voltage of the adjacent node of the node is obtained. According to the inverter reference voltage of the node and the inverter output voltage of the adjacent node, the inverter output voltage of the node is adjusted based on the pinning consensus control protocol, so that the common bus voltage of the microgrid reaches the rated value in the steady state of the system. Since the distributed microgrid communication model uses sparse communication to achieve voltage regulation and power distribution, each node in the system only communicates with its adjacent nodes, thus reducing the communication cost. Also, since the voltage consistency among distributed nodes is achieved through the pinning consensus control protocol, the stability and reliability of the entire system can be improved.

[0052] In an exemplary embodiment, as Figure 3 shown, in step 106, based on the pinning consensus control protocol, adjusting the inverter output voltage of the node according to the inverter reference voltage of the node and the inverter output voltage of the adjacent node may specifically include:

[0053] Step 302: Determine the leader node and the follower nodes in the microgrid communication model.

[0054] Specifically, based on the topological structure of the microgrid communication model, a DG node can be selected as the leader node, and the remaining DG nodes can be used as follower nodes. For example, a DG node can be randomly selected as the leader node; alternatively, based on the output capacity of each node, the node with the largest output capacity can be selected as the leader node.

[0055] Step 304: For the leader node, obtain the actual voltage of the common bus in the microgrid, and determine the expected inverter voltage based on the actual voltage of the common bus and the corresponding rated value.

[0056] Among them, the expected inverter voltage refers to the expected target value of the inverter voltage. In this embodiment, for the leader node, the actual voltage of the common bus in the microgrid can be obtained, and the expected inverter voltage can be determined based on the actual voltage of the common bus and the corresponding rated value.

[0057] Step 306: Based on the inverter reference voltage, the expected inverter voltage of the leader node, and the inverter output voltages of adjacent nodes, adjust the inverter output voltage of the leader node based on the pinning consensus control protocol.

[0058] In this embodiment, for the leader node, the inverter output voltage of the leader node can be adjusted based on the inverter reference voltage, the expected inverter voltage of this leader node, and the inverter output voltages of the adjacent nodes of this leader node, based on the pinning consensus control protocol.

[0059] In an exemplary embodiment, the above pinning consensus control protocol can be as shown in the following formula:

[0060]

[0061] Among them, is the voltage change rate of the i-th DG node, c v is the voltage control coefficient; u i is the voltage regulation tracking error of the i-th DG node. N i is the set of neighbor nodes of the i-th DG node; a ij is the adjacency matrix element, indicating the connection strength between the i-th DG node and the j-th DG node; g i is the pinning control weight (if node i is the selected leader node, then g i = 1, if node i is a follower node, then g i = 0); E i is the inverter reference voltage of the i-th DG node, that is, the input reference voltage of the inverter voltage loop; is the inverter output voltage of the j-th neighbor node, E ref is the expected inverter voltage.

[0062] Based on the above control protocol, if node i is the leader node, the voltage tracking error of the leader node can be calculated (i.e., , the weighted sum of the differences between the inverter output voltages of adjacent nodes and the inverter reference voltage E i of the leader node), as well as the voltage regulation error (i.e., , the difference between the desired voltage E ref of the inverter and the inverter reference voltage E i of the leader node). Based on the sum of the voltage tracking error and the voltage regulation error, the voltage regulation tracking error u i of the leader node is determined. Furthermore, based on the voltage regulation tracking error, the inverter output voltage of this node can be adjusted according to the pinning consensus control protocol.

[0063] In one embodiment, if node i is a follower node, the voltage regulation tracking error of the follower node can be determined according to the weighted sum of the differences between the inverter output voltages of the adjacent nodes of the follower node and the inverter reference voltage of the follower node; and based on the voltage regulation tracking error, the inverter output voltage of this node can be adjusted according to the pinning consensus control protocol. That is to say, except for the leader node, the voltage updates of other nodes only depend on the voltage information of adjacent nodes, so as to achieve voltage consistency between distributed generation units and make the voltage of the entire system stable.

[0064] In one scenario, the inverter output voltages of each node can be autonomously adjusted based on the pinning consensus control protocol using the reactive power droop equation, and this embodiment does not limit this.

[0065] Based on the above control protocol, it can be known that the convergence speed of its control can be optimized by the voltage control coefficient c v and the parameters of the PI controller. Therefore, a voltage compensation value can be generated by the PI controller to perform secondary control on the desired voltage of the inverter.

[0066] Specifically, based on the voltage secondary control mechanism, the corresponding proportional control parameter and integral control parameter can be obtained; the actual voltage of the common bus is compared with the rated value to determine the voltage comparison result; according to the voltage comparison result, the proportional control parameter and the integral control parameter, the voltage compensation value is determined; the sum of the voltage compensation value and the no-load voltage of the inverter of the leader node is determined as the desired voltage of the inverter. Among them, the determination of the voltage compensation value includes: multiplying the voltage comparison result by the proportional control parameter to determine the first compensation; determining the quotient of the integral control parameter and the complex frequency, and multiplying the quotient by the voltage comparison result to determine the second compensation; obtaining the sum of the first compensation and the second compensation to get the voltage compensation value.

[0067] In an exemplary embodiment, the specific secondary control can be achieved by the following formula:

[0068]

[0069] where U0 is the no-load voltage of the inverter; k pu and k iu are the proportional control parameter and integral control parameter of the voltage secondary control loop respectively, s is the complex frequency in Laplace transform; U PCCref is the rated value of the common bus voltage; U PCC is the actual voltage of the common bus.

[0070] In this embodiment, the voltage secondary control performs proportional control and integral control through a PI regulator to adjust the desired voltage of the inverter to make it closer to the rated value U PCCref of the common bus voltage. The proportional control part quickly responds to the voltage deviation, and the integral control part eliminates the steady-state error, thereby optimizing the convergence speed of the pinning consensus control protocol to ensure the stability and consistency of the output voltage and improve the stability of the system.

[0071] In an exemplary embodiment, the control block diagram of multiple parallel inverters after adding voltage secondary control is as shown in Figure 4 . The desired voltage E ref of the inverter is calculated from the actual voltage of the common bus. When the whole system reaches a steady state under the pinning consensus control protocol, the reference voltage of each inverter will be adjusted to the desired voltage E ref , so that the common bus voltage is restored to the rated value U PCCref , thereby realizing the secondary control of the system voltage.

[0072] If the relevant parameters of the voltage secondary control are set as shown in the following table:

[0073]

[0074] Then in an exemplary embodiment, taking the microgrid system including three DG nodes shown in Figure 2 as an example, simulation verification is carried out under three working conditions: equal rated power, DG node withdrawal, and unequal rated power. After adding the above-mentioned distributed voltage control method, the common bus voltage can be maintained at the rated value at steady state, and the absolute value of the reactive power distribution error does not exceed 5%. The specific experimental process is as follows:

[0075] (1) For working condition 1: The rated power of the inverters is equal.

[0076] The waveform of the effective value of the common bus voltage under this working condition is as shown in Figure 5AAs shown in the figure. From 0 to 0.4 s, three inverters with equal capacity supply power to Load 1 under the traditional droop control strategy, and the effective value of the common bus voltage is 218.4 V. At 0.4 s, the reactive power distribution strategy with virtual impedance is added, and the bus voltage drops to 215.6 V. At 1.2 s, after adding the above voltage secondary control strategy, the common bus voltage can be restored to the rated value of 220 V.

[0077] The waveforms of the reactive power output by the three network-forming inverters under this condition and their enlarged views are as Figure 5B shown. After adding the voltage secondary control strategy at 1.2 s, the reactive powers output by the three inverters are 2059 var, 2005 var, and 1969 var respectively. The corresponding reactive power distribution errors are 2.39%, -0.3%, and -2.09% respectively. Due to the influence of the voltage compensation term on the added virtual impedance, the absolute value of the reactive power distribution error increases slightly, but it does not exceed 3.3% compared with the case without adding the voltage secondary control strategy.

[0078] (2) For Condition 2: A DG node exits the operation.

[0079] For example, if the waveform of the effective value of the common bus voltage when DG3 node exits the operation is as Figure 6A shown. At 0.4 s, the reactive power distribution strategy with voltage secondary control strategy is added. Assuming that the DG3 node exits the operation at 1.2 s, the bus voltage can still be restored to the rated value at steady state.

[0080] The waveforms of the reactive power output by the inverter and their enlarged views are as Figure 6B shown. After the DG3 node exits the operation, when the system reaches the steady state again, the reactive powers output by the other two inverters are 3057 var and 2976 var respectively, and the corresponding reactive power distribution errors are 1.32% and -1.32% respectively. The absolute value of the reactive power distribution error increases by 1.5% compared with the case without adding the voltage secondary control strategy.

[0081] If the DG1 node exits the operation at 1.2 s, the waveform of the effective value of the common bus voltage is as Figure 6C shown, and the effective value of the bus voltage is 217.4 V when the system reaches the steady state again. Since there is a virtual leader node at the DG1 node, when the other two DG nodes do not communicate with the DG1 node, the common bus voltage cannot be restored to the rated value, but the voltage drop degree of the common bus voltage is still reduced compared with the case without the voltage secondary control strategy.

[0082] If the waveforms of the reactive power output by the inverter and their enlarged views are as Figure 6DAs shown in the figure. After the DG1 node exits, when the system reaches the steady state again, the output reactive powers of the other two inverters are 2972 var and 2920 var respectively, and the corresponding reactive power distribution errors are 0.9% and -0.9%, that is, under the proposed control strategy, the other DG nodes can still achieve high-precision power distribution.

[0083] It can be seen from this that when a single DG node fails and exits the operation, it will not cause the collapse of the secondary control of the entire system, thus effectively preventing the spread of local faults and greatly improving the system reliability. When adding a new node, there is no need to reconstruct the central controller, and it can be accessed into the system only by local configuration and neighborhood communication, with strong scalability.

[0084] (3)For Condition 3: The rated powers of the inverters are not equal.

[0085] If the waveform of the effective value of the common bus voltage under this condition is as Figure 7A shown. From 0 to 0.4 s, three inverters with a rated power ratio of 2:1:1 supply power to Load 1 under the traditional VSG control strategy, and the bus voltage is 218.4 V. At 0.4 s, the reactive power distribution strategy is added, and the bus voltage drops to 215.3 V at steady state. At 1.2 s, after adding the voltage secondary control strategy, the bus voltage can be restored to the rated value of 220 V.

[0086] The waveform of the output reactive power of the inverter under this condition is as Figure 7B shown. After adding the voltage secondary control strategy at 1.2 s, due to the increase in the common bus voltage, the output power of each inverter also increases accordingly. At steady state, the reactive powers output by the three inverters are 2901 var, 1584 var, and 1549 var respectively, and the corresponding reactive power distribution errors are -3.83%, 4.98%, and 2.69% respectively. Compared with the case without the voltage secondary control strategy, the absolute value of the reactive power distribution error increases by at most 3.1%.

[0087] In this embodiment, by applying the pinning consensus control protocol to the voltage secondary control of the inverter, the actual output voltage of the inverter is indirectly changed by compensating the expected voltage of the inverter, so as to realize the restoration of the bus voltage, and optimize the power distribution accuracy and the microgrid voltage stability problem at the same time.

[0088] It should be understood that although the steps in the flowcharts involved in the above-described embodiments are shown in sequence according to the arrows, these steps are not necessarily executed in the order indicated by the arrows. Unless there is a clear indication in this article, there is no strict order restriction for the execution of these steps, and these steps can be executed in other orders. Moreover, at least a part of the steps in the flowcharts involved in the above-described embodiments may include multiple steps or multiple stages. These steps or stages are not necessarily executed at the same time, but can be executed at different times. The execution order of these steps or stages is not necessarily sequential, but can be executed alternately or in turn with at least a part of other steps or steps or stages in other steps.

[0089] Based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the present application also provides a distributed voltage control device for implementing the above-mentioned distributed voltage control method. The solution provided by this device to solve the problem is similar to the solution described in the above method. Therefore, the specific limitations in one or more embodiments of the distributed voltage control device provided below can refer to the limitations on the distributed voltage control method in the above text, and will not be repeated here.

[0090] In an exemplary embodiment, as Figure 8 shown, a distributed voltage control device is provided, including: a communication model determination module 802, a voltage acquisition module 804, and a voltage control module 806, where:

[0091] The communication model determination module 802 is configured to map a plurality of distributed power generation units to nodes of a graph and map the information interaction between the plurality of distributed power generation units to edges of the graph based on a microgrid including a plurality of distributed power generation units, so as to obtain a microgrid communication model based on graph theory;

[0092] The voltage acquisition module 804 is configured to, for each node, acquire the inverter output voltage of adjacent nodes of the node based on the microgrid communication model;

[0093] The voltage control module 806 is configured to adjust the inverter output voltage of the node based on the pinning consensus control protocol according to the inverter reference voltage of the node and the inverter output voltage of the adjacent nodes, so that the common bus voltage of the microgrid reaches the rated value in the system steady state.

[0094] In an exemplary embodiment, the voltage control module is further configured to: determine the leader node and the follower nodes in the microgrid communication model; for the leader node, obtain the actual voltage of the common bus in the microgrid, and determine the desired voltage of the inverter according to the actual voltage of the common bus and the corresponding rated value; based on the pinning consensus control protocol, adjust the output voltage of the inverter of the leader node according to the reference voltage of the inverter of the leader node, the desired voltage of the inverter, and the output voltages of the inverters of the adjacent nodes.

[0095] In an exemplary embodiment, the voltage control module is further configured to: based on the voltage secondary control mechanism, obtain the corresponding proportional control parameter and integral control parameter; compare the actual voltage of the common bus with the rated value to determine the voltage comparison result; determine the voltage compensation value according to the voltage comparison result, the proportional control parameter, and the integral control parameter; determine the desired voltage of the inverter by summing the voltage compensation value and the no-load voltage of the inverter of the leader node.

[0096] In an exemplary embodiment, the voltage control module is further configured to: determine the first compensation as the product of the voltage comparison result and the proportional control parameter; determine the quotient of the integral control parameter and the complex frequency, and determine the second compensation as the product of the quotient and the voltage comparison result; obtain the sum of the first compensation and the second compensation to get the voltage compensation value.

[0097] In an exemplary embodiment, the voltage control module is further configured to: determine the voltage tracking error of the leader node according to the weighted sum of the differences between the output voltages of the inverters of the adjacent nodes and the reference voltage of the inverter of the leader node; determine the voltage regulation error of the leader node according to the difference between the desired voltage of the inverter and the reference voltage of the inverter of the leader node; based on the sum of the voltage tracking error and the voltage regulation error, determine the voltage regulation and tracking error of the leader node; based on the voltage regulation and tracking error, adjust the output voltage of the inverter of the leader node according to the pinning consensus control protocol.

[0098] In an exemplary embodiment, the voltage control module is further configured to: for the follower nodes, determine the voltage regulation and tracking error of the follower nodes according to the weighted sum of the differences between the output voltages of the inverters of the adjacent nodes and the reference voltage of the inverter of the follower nodes; based on the voltage regulation and tracking error, adjust the output voltages of the inverters of the follower nodes according to the pinning consensus control protocol.

[0099] Each module in the above-mentioned distributed voltage control device can be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, or a combination thereof. Each of the above modules can be embedded in the processor in the computer device in hardware form or be independent of it, or be stored in the memory in the computer device in software form, so that the processor can call and execute the operations corresponding to each of the above modules.

[0100] In an exemplary embodiment, an electronic device is provided, and its internal structure diagram can be as Figure 9 shown. The electronic device includes a processor, a memory, an input / output interface, a communication interface, a display unit, and an input device. Among them, the processor, the memory, and the input / output interface are connected through a system bus, and the communication interface, the display unit, and the input device are connected to the system bus through the input / output interface. Among them, the processor of the electronic device is used to provide computing and control capabilities. The memory of the electronic device includes a non-volatile storage medium and an internal memory. The non-volatile storage medium stores an operating system and a computer program. The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of the operating system and the computer program in the non-volatile storage medium. The input / output interface of the electronic device is used for the processor to exchange information with external devices. The communication interface of the electronic device is used to communicate with external terminals in a wired or wireless manner, and the wireless manner can be achieved through WIFI, a mobile cellular network, near field communication (NFC), or other technologies. When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements a distributed voltage control method. The display unit of the electronic device is used to form a visually visible picture, which can be a display screen, a projection device, or a virtual reality imaging device. The display screen can be a liquid crystal display screen or an electronic ink display screen. The input device of the electronic device can be a touch layer covering the display screen, or a button, a trackball, or a touchpad provided on the housing of the electronic device, or an external keyboard, touchpad, or mouse, etc.

[0101] Those skilled in the art can understand that Figure 9 the structure shown in

[0102] is only a block diagram of some structures related to the solution of this application, and does not constitute a limitation on the electronic device to which the solution of this application is applied. The specific electronic device may include more or fewer components than those shown in the figure, or combine some components, or have different component arrangements.

[0103] In one embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps in the foregoing method embodiments are implemented.

[0104] In one embodiment, a computer program product is provided, including a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps in the foregoing method embodiments are implemented.

[0105] It should be noted that the user information (including but not limited to user device information, user personal information, etc.) and data (including but not limited to data for analysis, stored data, displayed data, etc.) involved in this application are all information and data authorized by the user or fully authorized by all parties, and the collection, use, and processing of relevant data need to comply with relevant regulations.

[0106] Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that all or part of the processes in the methods of the above embodiments can be completed by instructing relevant hardware through a computer program. The computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed, it can include the processes of the embodiments of the above methods. Among them, any reference to a memory, database, or other medium used in the embodiments provided in the present application can include at least one of non-volatile memory and volatile memory. Non-volatile memory can include Read-Only Memory (ROM), magnetic tape, floppy disk, flash memory, optical memory, high-density embedded non-volatile memory, Resistive Random Access Memory (ReRAM), Magnetoresistive Random Access Memory (MRAM), Ferroelectric Random Access Memory (FRAM), Phase Change Memory (PCM), graphene memory, etc. Volatile memory can include Random Access Memory (RAM) or external cache memory, etc. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM can be in various forms, such as Static Random Access Memory (SRAM) or Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM), etc. The databases involved in the embodiments provided in the present application can include at least one of relational databases and non-relational databases. Non-relational databases can include distributed databases based on blockchain, etc., without limitation. The processors involved in the embodiments provided in the present application can be general-purpose processors, central processors, graphics processors, digital signal processors, programmable logic devices, data processing logics based on quantum computing, Artificial Intelligence (AI) processors, etc., without limitation.

[0107] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. For the sake of concise description, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, it should be considered as the scope recorded in the present application.

[0108] The above-described embodiments merely represent several implementation manners of the present application. The description thereof is relatively specific and detailed, but it should not be construed as a limitation to the patent scope of the present application. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present application, several modifications and improvements can still be made, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A distributed voltage control method, characterized in that The method is applied to a microgrid including a plurality of distributed generation units, and the method includes: Based on a microgrid including a plurality of distributed generation units, mapping the plurality of distributed generation units to nodes of a graph, and mapping the information interaction between the plurality of distributed generation units to edges of the graph, to obtain a microgrid communication model based on graph theory; For each node, based on the microgrid communication model, obtaining the inverter output voltage of adjacent nodes of the node; According to the inverter reference voltage of the node and the inverter output voltage of the adjacent nodes, adjusting the inverter output voltage of the node based on the pinning consensus control protocol, so that the common bus voltage of the microgrid reaches the rated value at system steady state.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein The adjusting the inverter output voltage of the node according to the inverter reference voltage of the node and the inverter output voltage of the adjacent nodes based on the pinning consensus control protocol includes: Determining the leader node and follower nodes in the microgrid communication model; For the leader node, obtaining the actual voltage of the common bus in the microgrid, and determining the inverter desired voltage according to the actual voltage of the common bus and the corresponding rated value; According to the inverter reference voltage of the leader node, the inverter desired voltage and the inverter output voltage of the adjacent nodes, adjusting the inverter output voltage of the leader node based on the pinning consensus control protocol.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein The determining the inverter desired voltage according to the actual voltage of the common bus and the corresponding rated value includes: Based on the voltage secondary control mechanism, obtaining the corresponding proportional control parameter and integral control parameter; Comparing the actual voltage of the common bus with the rated value to determine the voltage comparison result; According to the voltage comparison result, the proportional control parameter and the integral control parameter, determining the voltage compensation value; Determining the sum of the voltage compensation value and the no-load voltage of the inverter of the leader node as the inverter desired voltage.

4. The method according to claim 3, wherein The determining the voltage compensation value according to the voltage comparison result, the proportional control parameter and the integral control parameter includes: Determining the product of the voltage comparison result and the proportional control parameter as the first compensation; Determining the quotient of the integral control parameter and the complex frequency, and determining the product of the quotient and the voltage comparison result as the second compensation; Obtaining the sum of the first compensation and the second compensation to obtain the voltage compensation value.

5. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that, The adjusting the inverter output voltage of the leader node according to the inverter reference voltage of the leader node, the inverter desired voltage and the inverter output voltage of the adjacent nodes based on the pinning consensus control protocol includes: Determining the voltage tracking error of the leader node according to the weighted sum of the difference between the inverter output voltage of the adjacent nodes and the inverter reference voltage of the leader node; Determining the voltage regulation error of the leader node according to the difference between the inverter desired voltage and the inverter reference voltage of the leader node; Based on the sum of the voltage tracking error and the voltage regulation error, determining the voltage regulation and tracking error of the leader node; Adjust the output voltage of the inverter of the leader node based on the pinning consensus control protocol according to the voltage regulation tracking error.

6. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that, The method further includes: For the follower nodes, determine the voltage regulation tracking error of the follower nodes according to the weighted sum of the differences between the output voltages of the inverters of the adjacent nodes and the reference voltages of the inverters of the follower nodes; Adjust the output voltage of the inverter of the follower node based on the pinning consensus control protocol according to the voltage regulation tracking error.

7. A distributed voltage control device, characterized in that, The device is applied to a microgrid including a plurality of distributed generation units, and the device includes: A communication model determination module, configured to map a plurality of the distributed generation units into nodes of a graph and map the information interaction between the plurality of the distributed generation units into edges of the graph based on a microgrid including a plurality of distributed generation units, so as to obtain a microgrid communication model based on graph theory; A voltage acquisition module, configured to, for each node, acquire the output voltage of the inverter of the adjacent node of the node based on the microgrid communication model; A voltage control module, configured to adjust the output voltage of the inverter of the node based on the pinning consensus control protocol according to the reference voltage of the inverter of the node and the output voltage of the inverter of the adjacent node, so that the common bus voltage of the microgrid reaches the rated value at system steady state.

8. An electronic device, comprising a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 are implemented.

9. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 are implemented.

10. A computer program product, comprising a computer program, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 are implemented.

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