Control circuit, battery system, power consumption device, energy storage device and control method

Abstract

The present application provides a control circuit, a battery system, an electrical device, an energy storage device and a control method, which belong to the field of battery technology. The control circuit includes: a main positive relay, a main negative relay, a first solid-state relay and a control module, the main positive relay is connected to the positive pole of the battery to control the input and output of the positive pole of the battery; the main negative relay and the first solid-state relay are connected in series to the negative pole of the battery to control the input and output of the negative pole of the battery; the control module is configured to: respond to the power-on instruction, control the main positive relay, the main negative relay and the first solid-state relay to be turned on; respond to the power-off instruction, control the first solid-state relay, the main negative relay and the main positive relay to be disconnected, wherein the first solid-state relay is disconnected before the main negative relay, and the main negative relay is disconnected before the main positive relay. The control circuit provided by the present application is conducive to improving the safety and reliability of power-off of the main circuit where the battery is located.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a control circuit, a battery system, an electrical device, an energy storage device, and a control method. Background Art

[0002] Energy conservation and emission reduction are key to sustainable social development. Rechargeable batteries, with their ability to store and release energy as needed, are widely used in various electrical devices and energy storage systems, playing a crucial role in promoting energy transformation and sustainable development. Battery technology is a crucial factor in the development of the new energy industry.

[0003] The battery can connect power to the drive system or charging circuit through a relay. When power is turned off, the main relay is disconnected, cutting off the high-voltage power transmission. After power is turned on, the current in the main circuit where the battery is located is usually high. Therefore, when power is turned off, the relay is prone to arcing and sticking under the high current, thus affecting the safety and reliability of the power-off process. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present application aims to solve at least one of the technical problems in the background art. To this end, one object of the present application is to provide a control circuit, a battery system, an electrical device, an energy storage device, and a control method to improve the safety and reliability of power outages in the main circuit where the battery is located.

[0005] An embodiment of the first aspect of the present application provides a control circuit, which includes: a main positive relay, a main negative relay, a first solid-state relay and a control module, wherein the main positive relay is connected to the positive pole of the battery to control the input and output of the positive pole of the battery; the main negative relay and the first solid-state relay are connected in series and then connected to the negative pole of the battery to control the input and output of the negative pole of the battery; the control module is configured to: in response to a power-on instruction, control the main positive relay, the main negative relay and the first solid-state relay to be turned on; in response to a power-off instruction, control the first solid-state relay, the main negative relay and the main positive relay to be disconnected, wherein the first solid-state relay is disconnected before the main negative relay, and the main negative relay is disconnected before the main positive relay.

[0006] In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, the input and output of the battery are jointly controlled by the main positive relay, the main negative relay and the first solid-state relay. Since the first solid-state relay does not have an electronic switch with mechanical electric shock, the risk of adhesion of the first solid-state relay when disconnected under high current is relatively small. Therefore, in response to the power-off instruction, the control module first controls the first solid-state relay to disconnect, so that the current flowing through the main negative relay connected in series with the first solid-state relay is zero, and then disconnects the main negative relay, which can avoid the problem of adhesion of the main negative relay to a certain extent. In addition, since the first solid-state relay and the main negative relay are connected in series and connected to the negative pole of the battery, after power is turned on, the main negative relay can divide the high voltage to a certain extent, thereby reducing the voltage borne by the two ends of the first solid-state relay. In this way, the voltage borne by the two ends of the first solid-state relay when it is disconnected is not too large, which can reduce the risk of the first solid-state relay being broken down due to the excessive voltage borne by the two ends at the moment of disconnection, thereby improving the safety and reliability of power-off as a whole.

[0007] In some embodiments, the control module is further configured to, in response to a power-on command, control the main negative relay to conduct before the first solid-state relay. Closing the main negative relay first can, to a certain extent, prevent the large inrush current generated at the moment of power-on from impacting and damaging the first solid-state relay, thereby potentially improving the safety and reliability of power-on.

[0008] In some embodiments, the control module is configured to, in response to a power-off instruction, control the first solid-state relay, the main negative relay, and the main positive relay to disconnect one by one in sequence. Thus, by first disconnecting the first solid-state relay, the current flowing through the main negative relay connected in series with the first solid-state relay is reduced to zero, and then disconnecting the main negative relay, the problem of the main negative relay sticking can be avoided to a certain extent. Finally, the main positive relay is disconnected, so that the load is first isolated from the negative terminal of the battery. This can reduce the risk of reverse voltage shock to the electrical equipment caused by the back electromotive force or residual charge generated by other components in the main circuit during the disconnection of the main positive relay, thereby improving the safety and reliability of power-off.

[0009] In some embodiments, the control circuit further includes: a second solid-state relay, connected in parallel with the series-connected main negative relay and the first solid-state relay; the control module is further configured to: in response to a power-on command, control the second solid-state relay to be disconnected while the main positive relay, main negative relay, and first solid-state relay are all on; in response to a power-off command, control the first solid-state relay to be disconnected while the second solid-state relay is on, and disconnect the second solid-state relay after the main negative relay is disconnected. In this way, at the moment the first solid-state relay is disconnected, the second solid-state relay withstands the high voltage of the battery for the first solid-state relay, thereby further reducing the risk of the first solid-state relay breaking down due to the excessive voltage across its terminals at the moment of disconnection. After the first solid-state relay is disconnected and the second solid-state relay is on, the voltage flowing through the main negative relay is zero. At this time, disconnecting the main negative relay can reduce the problem of sticking of the main negative relay.

[0010] In some embodiments, the second solid-state relay has a greater voltage withstand capability than the first solid-state relay, and the first solid-state relay has a greater conduction capability than the second solid-state relay. This allows the first solid-state relay to allow a larger current to flow through the main circuit. The second solid-state relay has a greater voltage withstand capability than the first solid-state relay. Thus, when the first solid-state relay is disconnected, the second solid-state relay is turned on simultaneously. This ensures that the second solid-state relay has a sufficiently high voltage withstand capability to support the first solid-state relay's high voltage, making it less susceptible to breakdown and, therefore, preventing the safety and reliability of the main circuit from being de-energized.

[0011] In some embodiments, a load capacitor is connected to both ends of the battery, and the control module is further configured to: in response to a power-on command, control the main positive relay to conduct to pre-charge the load capacitor, and control the main negative relay and the first solid-state relay to conduct after the pre-charge is complete. Pre-charging the load capacitor includes: the control module controlling the main positive relay to conduct, and controlling the main negative relay and the first solid-state relay to disconnect; and the control module controlling the second solid-state relay to disconnect or conduct based on a preset PWM signal to pre-charge the load capacitor when the second solid-state relay is on. This eliminates the need for a pre-charge circuit, reducing costs. Furthermore, the control module only needs to control the second solid-state relay to alternately conduct and disconnect to achieve pre-charging, simplifying the control method.

[0012] In some embodiments, the control module includes: a control unit, a first drive unit, a second drive unit, and a third drive unit. The control unit is configured to: generate signals indicating the on / off of the first solid-state relay, the main negative relay, and the main positive relay in response to a power-on instruction or a power-off instruction; the first drive unit is configured to drive the on / off of the first solid-state relay according to the signal indicating the on / off of the first solid-state relay generated by the control unit; the second drive unit is configured to drive the on / off of the main negative relay according to the signal indicating the on / off of the main negative relay generated by the control unit; and the third drive unit is configured to drive the on / off of the main positive relay according to the signal indicating the on / off of the main positive relay generated by the control unit. Thus, by driving the first solid-state relay, the main negative relay, and the main positive relay on / off respectively through different drive units, the reliability of controlling the on / off of the first solid-state relay, the main negative relay, and the main positive relay can be improved, thereby improving the reliability of power-on and power-off.

[0013] In some embodiments, the first drive unit includes a first high-side drive switch circuit and a first push-pull drive circuit. The first high-side drive switch circuit is connected to the control unit and is configured to adjust a signal generated by the control unit indicating whether the first solid-state relay is on or off and output a corresponding level signal. The input end of the first push-pull drive circuit is connected to the first high-side drive switch circuit, and the output end is connected to the first solid-state relay. The first push-pull drive circuit is configured to drive the first solid-state relay on and off based on the level signal output by the first high-side drive switch circuit. By jointly driving the first solid-state relay on and off with the first high-side drive switch circuit and the first push-pull drive circuit, the driving efficiency and reliability of the first solid-state relay can be improved.

[0014] In some embodiments, the power-off instruction includes an overcurrent signal, and the control circuit further includes: a first detection unit, communicatively coupled to the control unit, configured to detect the current flowing through the battery and, in response to the current flowing through the battery being greater than a preset value, generate an overcurrent signal and transmit it to the control unit; the control unit is configured to, in response to the overcurrent signal, sequentially generate signals instructing the first solid-state relay, the main negative relay, and the main positive relay to disconnect. The first detection unit enables the control unit to promptly power off the battery when an overcurrent occurs in the main circuit where the battery resides, thereby improving battery charging and discharging safety.

[0015] In some embodiments, when a battery is used to power a vehicle, the power-off instruction includes either a collision signal or a thermal runaway signal, and the control circuit further includes a second detection unit and a third detection unit. The second detection unit is communicatively connected to the control unit and is configured to detect whether the vehicle has been involved in a collision. In response to a collision, the second detection unit generates a collision signal and transmits it to the control unit. The third detection unit is communicatively connected to the control unit and is configured to detect whether the vehicle has experienced thermal runaway. In response to a thermal runaway, the third detection unit generates a thermal runaway signal and transmits it to the control unit. The control unit is configured to, in response to either the collision signal or the thermal runaway signal, sequentially generate signals instructing the first solid-state relay, the main negative relay, and the main positive relay to disconnect. The second and third detection units enable the control unit to promptly power down the vehicle in the event of a collision or thermal runaway, thereby improving vehicle safety.

[0016] In some embodiments, the control circuit further includes: a second solid-state relay, which is connected in parallel with the main negative relay and the first solid-state relay after the series connection. The control unit is further configured to: generate a signal indicating the second solid-state relay is turned on or off in response to a power-on instruction or a power-off instruction; the control module further includes: a fourth drive unit, which is configured to drive the second solid-state relay on and off according to the signal indicating the second solid-state relay is turned on or off generated by the control unit. This can improve the reliability of driving the second solid-state relay, and further ensure that the second solid-state relay can effectively withstand the high voltage of the battery for the first solid-state relay at the moment of disconnection, thereby further reducing the risk of the first solid-state relay breaking down due to the excessive voltage at its ends at the moment of disconnection.

[0017] In some embodiments, the fourth drive unit includes a second high-side drive switch circuit and a second push-pull drive circuit. The second high-side drive switch circuit is connected to the control unit and is configured to adjust a signal generated by the control unit indicating whether the second solid-state relay is on or off and output a corresponding level signal. The input end of the second push-pull drive circuit is connected to the second high-side drive switch circuit, and the output end is connected to the second solid-state relay. The second push-pull drive circuit is configured to drive the second solid-state relay on and off based on the level signal output by the second high-side drive switch circuit. By jointly driving the second solid-state relay on and off with the second high-side drive switch circuit and the second push-pull drive circuit, the driving efficiency and reliability of the second solid-state relay can be improved.

[0018] In some embodiments, the power-off instruction includes an overcurrent signal, and the control circuit further includes: a first detection unit, communicatively connected to the control unit, for detecting the current flowing through the battery and, in response to the current flowing through the battery being greater than a preset value, generating an overcurrent signal and sending it to the control unit; the control unit is configured to, in response to the overcurrent signal, sequentially perform a first operation and a second operation; wherein the first operation includes: simultaneously generating a signal indicating that the first solid-state relay is disconnected and a signal indicating that the second solid-state relay is turned on; and the second operation includes: sequentially generating signals indicating that the main negative relay, the second solid-state relay, and the main positive relay are disconnected. The first detection unit enables the control unit to promptly power off the battery when an overcurrent occurs in the main circuit where the battery is located, thereby improving the safety of battery charging and discharging.

[0019] In some embodiments, when a battery is used to power a vehicle, the power-off instruction includes either a collision signal or a thermal runaway signal. The control circuit further includes: a second detection unit and a third detection unit. The second detection unit is communicatively coupled to the control unit and configured to detect whether the vehicle has been involved in a collision and, in response to a collision, generate a collision signal and transmit it to the control unit. The third detection unit is communicatively coupled to the control unit and configured to detect whether the vehicle has experienced thermal runaway and, in response to a thermal runaway, generate a thermal runaway signal and transmit it to the control unit. The control unit is configured to sequentially perform a first operation and a second operation in response to either the collision signal or the thermal runaway signal. The first operation includes simultaneously generating a signal indicating that the first solid-state relay is disconnected and a signal indicating that the second solid-state relay is turned on. The second operation includes sequentially generating signals indicating that the main negative relay, the second solid-state relay, and the main positive relay are disconnected. The second and third detection units enable the control unit to promptly power off the vehicle in the event of a collision or thermal runaway, thereby improving vehicle safety.

[0020] In some embodiments, a load capacitor is connected to both ends of the battery. In response to precharging the load capacitor, the control unit is further configured to: output a preset PWM signal to a fourth drive unit; the fourth drive unit is further configured to drive the second solid-state relay to open or close based on the PWM signal. Precharging the load capacitor through the control unit and the fourth drive unit can simplify the precharging method and circuitry.

[0021] An embodiment of a second aspect of the present application provides a battery system, including the control circuit in the above embodiment.

[0022] An embodiment of the third aspect of the present application provides an electrical device, which includes the battery system in the above embodiment, and the battery system supplies power to the electrical device.

[0023] An embodiment of the fourth aspect of the present application provides an energy storage device, which includes the battery system in the above embodiment, and the battery system is used to store electrical energy.

[0024] The embodiment of the fifth aspect of the present application provides a control method for controlling a battery, wherein the positive electrode of the battery is connected to a main positive relay, and the negative electrode of the battery is connected to a main negative relay and a first solid-state relay in series, the method comprising: in response to a power-on instruction, controlling the main positive relay, the main negative relay, and the first solid-state relay to be turned on; in response to a power-off instruction, controlling the first solid-state relay, the main negative relay, and the main positive relay to be disconnected, wherein the first solid-state relay is disconnected before the main negative relay, and the main negative relay is disconnected before the main positive relay. Thus, first controlling the first solid-state relay to be disconnected so that the current flowing through the main negative relay connected in series with the first solid-state relay is zero, and then disconnecting the main negative relay, can avoid the problem of adhesion of the main negative relay to a certain extent. In addition, the main negative relay is also controlled to be disconnected before the main positive relay, so that the disconnection action of the main positive relay with the largest arc energy is postponed until the voltage of the main circuit where the battery is located is reduced, thereby reducing the risk of arcing and adhesion of the main positive relay.

[0025] In some embodiments, in response to a power-on command, controlling the main positive relay, the main negative relay, and the first solid-state relay to conduct includes controlling the main negative relay to conduct before the first solid-state relay. Thus, closing the main negative relay first can, to a certain extent, prevent the large inrush current generated at the moment of power-on from impacting and damaging the first solid-state relay, thereby potentially improving the safety and reliability of power-on.

[0026] In some embodiments, in response to a power-off instruction, controlling the first solid-state relay, the main negative relay, and the main positive relay to disconnect includes: controlling the first solid-state relay, the main negative relay, and the main positive relay to disconnect one by one in sequence. Thus, first disconnecting the first solid-state relay so that the current flowing through the main negative relay connected in series with the first solid-state relay is zero, and then disconnecting the main negative relay can avoid the problem of adhesion of the main negative relay to a certain extent. Finally, disconnecting the main positive relay so that the load is first isolated from the negative pole of the battery. This can reduce the risk of reverse voltage shock to the electrical equipment caused by the back electromotive force or residual charge generated by other components in the main circuit during the process of disconnecting the main positive relay, thereby improving the safety and reliability of power-off.

[0027] In some embodiments, a second solid-state relay is connected in parallel at both ends of the series-connected main negative relay and the first solid-state relay. The method further includes: in response to a power-on command, while the main positive relay, the main negative relay, and the first solid-state relay are all turned on, controlling the second solid-state relay to disconnect; in response to a power-off command, controlling the first solid-state relay, the main negative relay, and the main positive relay to disconnect, including: sequentially executing steps 1 and 2, wherein step 1 includes: simultaneously controlling the first solid-state relay to disconnect and the second solid-state relay to connect; and step 2 includes: controlling the main negative relay, the second solid-state relay, and the main positive relay to disconnect in sequence. Thus, at the moment the first solid-state relay disconnects, the second solid-state relay withstands the high voltage of the battery for the first solid-state relay, thereby further reducing the risk of the first solid-state relay breaking down due to the excessive voltage at both ends at the moment of disconnection. After the first solid-state relay disconnects and the second solid-state relay turns on, the voltage flowing through the main negative relay is zero. At this time, disconnecting the main negative relay can reduce the problem of the main negative relay sticking.

[0028] In some embodiments, when a load capacitor is connected to both ends of the battery, and a second solid-state relay is connected in parallel to both ends of the series-connected main negative relay and the first solid-state relay, the method further includes: in response to a power-on instruction, controlling the main positive relay to conduct to pre-charge the load capacitor, and controlling the main negative relay and the first solid-state relay to conduct after the pre-charging is completed; performing pre-charging for the load capacitor includes: controlling the main positive relay to conduct, and controlling the main negative relay and the first solid-state relay to disconnect; and controlling the second solid-state relay to disconnect or conduct based on a preset PWM signal to pre-charge the load capacitor when the second solid-state relay is turned on. In this way, the pre-charging circuit can be eliminated, reducing costs, and the control module only needs to control the second solid-state relay to alternately conduct and disconnect to achieve pre-charging, which can simplify the control method.

[0029] In some embodiments, when the current flowing through the battery exceeds a preset value, a power-off instruction is generated. This allows for timely power-off when an overcurrent occurs in the main circuit where the battery is located, thereby improving the safety of battery charging and discharging.

[0030] In some embodiments, the battery is used to power the vehicle, and in the event of a collision or thermal runaway, a power-off command is generated. This allows for timely power-off in the event of a collision or thermal runaway, improving vehicle safety.

[0031] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present application. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present application, it can be implemented in accordance with the contents of the specification. In order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present application are listed below. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] In the accompanying drawings, unless otherwise specified, the same reference numerals throughout the multiple drawings represent the same or similar components or elements. These drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale. It should be understood that these drawings only depict some embodiments disclosed in this application and should not be construed as limiting the scope of this application.

[0033] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a vehicle according to some embodiments of the present application;

[0034] Figure 2 This is one of the structural diagrams of the control circuit of some embodiments of the present application;

[0035] Figure 3 This is a second structural diagram of the control circuit of some embodiments of the present application;

[0036] Figure 4 This is the third structural diagram of the control circuit of some embodiments of the present application;

[0037] Figure 5 This is a fourth structural diagram of the control circuit of some embodiments of the present application;

[0038] Figure 6 This is a fifth structural diagram of the control circuit of some embodiments of the present application;

[0039] Figure 7 This is a sixth structural diagram of the control circuit of some embodiments of the present application;

[0040] Figure 8 This is the seventh structural diagram of the control circuit of some embodiments of the present application;

[0041] Figure 9 This is an eighth structural diagram of the control circuit of some embodiments of the present application;

[0042] Figure 10 This is one of the flow charts of the control method of some embodiments of the present application;

[0043] Figure 11 This is a second flow chart of the control method of some embodiments of the present application;

[0044] Figure 12 This is the third flow chart of the control method of some embodiments of the present application.

[0045] Description of reference numerals:

[0046] Vehicle 1000, first branch 1031, second branch 1032, control unit 1041, current sensor 1061, acquisition chip 1062;

[0047] Battery 100, main positive relay 101, main negative relay 102, first solid-state relay 103, control module 104, second solid-state relay 105, first detection unit 106;

[0048] Controller 200;

[0049] Motor 300;

[0050] A first driving unit 11, a first high-side driving switch circuit 11a, a first push-pull driving circuit 11b, a second driving unit 12, a third driving unit 13, a fourth driving unit 14, a second high-side driving switch circuit 14a, and a second push-pull driving circuit 14b;

[0051] Load capacitor C1, first electrolytic capacitor C2, second electrolytic capacitor C3, isolation power supply ISO Power, first pull-up NMOS transistor Q1, first pull-down PMOS transistor Q2, second pull-up NMOS transistor Q3, second pull-down PMOS transistor Q4, ground GND, external drive power supply VKL_30C. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] The following embodiments of the technical solution of the present application will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present application and are therefore only examples and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application.

[0053] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs; the terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application; the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof in the specification and claims of this application and the above-mentioned figure descriptions are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions.

[0054] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the technical terms "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish different objects and should not be understood to indicate or imply relative importance or implicitly specify the quantity, specific order, or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of this application, the meaning of "plurality" is more than two, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0055] References herein to "embodiments" mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of this phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it constitute an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive of other embodiments. It is understood, both explicitly and implicitly, by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.

[0056] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the term "and / or" is simply a description of the association relationship between associated objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent the following three situations: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the associated objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0057] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "multiple" refers to more than two (including two). Similarly, "multiple groups" refers to more than two groups (including two groups), and "multiple pieces" refers to more than two pieces (including two pieces).

[0058] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the technical terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the embodiments of the present application.

[0059] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, technical terms such as "installed," "connected," "connected," and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integration; mechanical connections or electrical connections; direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; internal connections between two components or interactions between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present application based on specific circumstances.

[0060] The battery can connect power to the drive system or charging circuit through a relay. When power is turned off, the main relay is disconnected, cutting off the high-voltage power transmission. After power is turned on, the current in the main circuit where the battery is located is usually high. Therefore, when power is turned off, the relay is prone to arcing and sticking under the high current, thus affecting the safety and reliability of the power-off process.

[0061] For example, in a complete vehicle, a relay can be used to energize the main circuit where the power battery resides, connecting the power battery's high-voltage power to the vehicle's main energy transmission path, putting the drive system or charging system into operation. The relay can then be used to disconnect the power battery's high-voltage power from the main circuit, shutting down the vehicle's drive system and charging system.

[0062] Due to the high current in the main circuit, when the relay opens under high current, the current between the relay contacts is suddenly cut off, generating a strong arc. The arc rapidly melts and vaporizes the metal on the contact surface. Some of the metal vapor forms a conductive bridge between the contacts under the action of the arc. When the arc extinguishes, these metal bridges may cool and solidify, causing the contacts to stick. If the relay sticks, it may not completely open, affecting the safety and reliability of power-off.

[0063] Based on the above considerations, a control circuit is designed to jointly control the input and output of the battery through the main positive relay, the main negative relay and the first solid-state relay. Among them, the main negative relay and the first solid-state relay are connected in series and connected to the negative pole of the battery. Since the first solid-state relay does not have an electronic switch with mechanical electric shock, the risk of adhesion of the first solid-state relay when disconnected under large current is relatively small. Therefore, in response to the power-off instruction, the control module first controls the first solid-state relay to disconnect, so that the current flowing through the main negative relay connected in series with the first solid-state relay is zero, and then disconnects the main negative relay, which can avoid the problem of adhesion of the main negative relay to a certain extent. The control module also controls the main negative relay to disconnect before the main positive relay. In this way, the disconnection action of the main positive relay with the largest arc energy is postponed until the voltage of the main circuit where the battery is located is reduced, thereby reducing the risk of arcing and adhesion of the main positive relay.

[0064] Furthermore, since the first solid-state relay and the main negative relay are connected in series to the negative pole of the battery, after power is applied, the main negative relay can divide the high voltage to a certain extent, thereby reducing the voltage across the first solid-state relay. In this way, when the first solid-state relay is disconnected, the voltage across the first solid-state relay will not be too large, thereby reducing the risk of the first solid-state relay being broken down due to the excessive voltage across the first solid-state relay at the moment of disconnection, thereby improving the overall safety and reliability of power-off.

[0065] The control circuit disclosed in the embodiments of this application can be used, but is not limited to, in a battery system. The battery system can be used, but is not limited to, in an electrical device or energy storage device such as a vehicle, ship, or aircraft. A power supply system comprising the battery system disclosed in this application can be used to form the electrical device or energy storage device.

[0066] The present invention provides an electrical device that uses a battery system as a power source. The electrical device may include, but is not limited to, a mobile phone, a tablet, a laptop computer, an electric toy, an electric tool, a battery-powered vehicle, an electric car, a ship, a spacecraft, and the like. The electric toy may include a fixed or mobile electric toy, such as a game console, an electric car toy, an electric ship toy, and an electric airplane toy, and the spacecraft may include an airplane, a rocket, a space shuttle, and a spacecraft, and the like.

[0067] An embodiment of the present application also provides an energy storage device that uses a battery system as a power source. The energy storage device may be, but is not limited to, an energy storage container, an energy storage cabinet, an energy storage power station, an energy storage battery pack, or a portable energy storage system.

[0068] For the convenience of description, the following embodiments are described by taking a vehicle 1000 as an example of an electrical device according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0069] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a vehicle provided for some embodiments of the present application. The vehicle 1000 can be a fuel vehicle, a gas vehicle or a new energy vehicle. The new energy vehicle can be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle or an extended-range vehicle, etc. A battery 100 is provided inside the vehicle 1000, and the battery 100 can be provided at the bottom, head or tail of the vehicle 1000. The battery 100 can be used to power the vehicle 1000. For example, the battery 100 can serve as an operating power source for the vehicle 1000. The vehicle 1000 may also include a controller 200 and a motor 300. The controller 200 is used to control the battery 100 to power the motor 300, for example, for starting, navigating and driving the vehicle 1000.

[0070] In some embodiments of the present application, the battery 100 can serve not only as an operating power source for the vehicle 1000, but also as a driving power source for the vehicle 1000, replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle 1000.

[0071] refer to Figure 2 An embodiment of the present application provides a control circuit, which includes: a main positive relay 101, a main negative relay 102, a first solid-state relay 103 and a control module 104, wherein the main positive relay 101 is connected to the positive pole of the battery to control the input and output of the positive pole of the battery; the main negative relay 102 and the first solid-state relay 103 are connected in series and connected to the negative pole of the battery to control the input and output of the negative pole of the battery; the control module 104 is configured to: in response to a power-on instruction, control the main positive relay 101, the main negative relay 102 and the first solid-state relay 103 to be turned on; in response to a power-off instruction, control the first solid-state relay 103, the main negative relay 102 and the main positive relay 101 to be turned off, wherein the first solid-state relay 103 is turned off before the main negative relay 102, and the main negative relay 102 is turned off before the main positive relay 101.

[0072] In response to a power-on command, the main positive relay 101, the main negative relay 102, and the first solid-state relay 103 conduct, thereby powering on the main circuit where the battery resides. In response to a power-off command, the first solid-state relay 103, the main negative relay 102, and the main positive relay 101 disconnect, powering off the main circuit where the battery resides. The main circuit referred to here refers to the electrical energy transmission path that carries current. The battery serves as the power source in the main circuit, and a load can be connected to the main circuit. When the main circuit is powered on, the battery can power the load. When the main circuit is powered off, the battery's power supply to the load is cut off.

[0073] In some embodiments, the control module 104 receives a power-on command and performs a self-check on the battery status, electrical connection, its own hardware functions, etc. After the self-check passes, the load capacitor C1 connected to both ends of the battery is pre-charged. After the pre-charging is completed, the main circuit where the battery is located is powered on.

[0074] In some embodiments, the positive pole of the battery is further connected to a pre-charge circuit, which includes a pre-charge relay and a pre-charge resistor in parallel. When pre-charging the load capacitor C1, the control module 104 can first control the first solid-state relay 103 and the main negative relay 102 to be turned on, and the main positive relay 101 is disconnected, and the load capacitor C1 is pre-charged by closing the pre-charge relay. After pre-charging is completed, the pre-charge circuit is disconnected, and the first solid-state relay 103 and the main negative relay 102 are kept in a conducting state. The control module 104 only needs to control the main positive relay 101 to be turned on, so that the main positive relay 101, the main negative relay 102 and the first solid-state relay 103 are all turned on, and the main circuit where the battery is located is powered on.

[0075] In other embodiments, the battery positive terminal may not be provided with a pre-charging circuit. When pre-charging the load capacitor C1, the control module 104 can control the main positive relay 101 to conduct. Based on a preset PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) signal, the control module 104 controls the main circuit to alternate between on and off states, pre-charging the load capacitor C1 when the main circuit is on. For example, the control module 104 controls the first solid-state relay 103 and the main negative relay 102 to be off or on based on a preset PWM signal, pre-charging the load capacitor C1 when the first solid-state relay 103 and the main negative relay 102 are on. It will be understood that PWM signals are a technology that transmits information by controlling the duty cycle of a pulse signal. In other words, a complete pulse in a PWM signal can include both a high level and a low level. Exemplarily, when the output is high, the first solid-state relay 103 and the main negative relay 102 are turned on, and when the output is low, the first solid-state relay 103 and the main negative relay 102 are turned off. That is, the first solid-state relay 103 and the main negative relay 102 are both in an alternating on and off state. The duty cycle of the PWM signal may include, but is not limited to, 50%. After pre-charging is completed, the control module 104 stops executing the control of the first solid-state relay 103 and the main negative relay 102 to be turned on or off based on the preset PWM signal. While maintaining the main positive relay on, the control module 104 controls the first solid-state relay 103 and the main negative relay 102 to be continuously turned on, thereby causing the main positive relay 101, the main negative relay 102, and the first solid-state relay 103 to be turned on, thereby energizing the main circuit where the battery is located.

[0076] In some embodiments, the battery is used to power the vehicle, and the control module 104 may be a battery management system (BMS). Upon receiving a power-on command, the BMS performs a self-test on the battery status, electrical connections, and its own hardware functions. If the self-test passes, the BMS collaborates with the vehicle controller to pre-charge the load capacitor C1 connected to both ends of the battery.

[0077] The power-off instruction may include an instruction issued when power-off conditions are met, which may include but are not limited to: battery overcurrent, collision or thermal runaway of the electrical device where the battery is located, etc. The power-off instruction may also be issued by the user.

[0078] The main positive relay 101 and the main negative relay 102 can be electromagnetic relays. An electromagnetic relay is a device that uses the electromagnetic effect to control circuit switching. When current passes through the coil, a magnetic field is generated to attract the iron core, thereby closing or opening the contacts. Under high current, when the electromagnetic relay is disconnected, the current between the contacts of the electromagnetic relay is suddenly cut off, and a strong electric arc is generated. The electric arc will cause the metal on the surface of the contacts to melt and vaporize rapidly. Some metal vapor will form a conductive bridge between the contacts under the action of the electric arc. When the arc is extinguished, these metal bridges may cool and solidify, causing the contacts to stick. In the case of adhesion of the electromagnetic relay, the electromagnetic relay may not be completely disconnected, thereby affecting the safety and reliability of power-off.

[0079] The first solid-state relay 103 realizes on-off control of the main circuit through semiconductor devices without physical contact of mechanical contacts.

[0080] In some embodiments, the control module 104 can control the first solid-state relay 103, the main negative relay 102, and the main positive relay 101 to disconnect according to a preset timing and event-driven mechanism, so that the first solid-state relay 103 disconnects before the main negative relay 102, and the main negative relay 102 disconnects before the main positive relay 101. Exemplarily, a timer can be built into the control module 104, and the timing is set based on the periodic triggering of the timer. The event-driven mechanism means that when various events that meet the power-off conditions occur, the drive control module 104 controls the first solid-state relay 103, the main negative relay 102, and the main positive relay 101 to disconnect according to a preset timing. The method of setting the preset timing and event-driven mechanism in the control module 104 is a conventional method well known to those skilled in the art and will not be repeated here.

[0081] In the above technical solution, since the first solid-state relay 103 does not have an electronic switch that causes mechanical electric shock, the risk of adhesion of the first solid-state relay 103 when disconnected under high current is relatively small. Therefore, in response to the power-off instruction, the control module 104 first controls the first solid-state relay 103 to disconnect, so that the current flowing through the main negative relay 102 connected in series with the first solid-state relay 103 is zero, and then disconnects the main negative relay 102, which can avoid the problem of adhesion of the main negative relay 102 to a certain extent. The control module 104 also controls the main negative relay 102 to disconnect before the main positive relay 101. In this way, the disconnection action of the main positive relay 101 with the largest arc energy is postponed until the voltage of the main circuit where the battery is located is reduced, thereby reducing the risk of arc generation and adhesion of the main positive relay 101.

[0082] Furthermore, since the first solid-state relay 103 and the main negative relay 102 are connected in series and connected to the negative pole of the battery, after power is applied, the main negative relay 102 can divide the high voltage to a certain extent, thereby reducing the voltage across the first solid-state relay 103. In this way, when the first solid-state relay 103 is disconnected, the voltage across the first solid-state relay 103 is not too large, which can reduce the risk of the first solid-state relay 103 being broken down due to the excessive voltage across the first solid-state relay 103 at the moment of disconnection, thereby improving the overall safety and reliability of power-off.

[0083] According to some embodiments of the present application, the control module 104 is further configured to: in response to a power-on instruction, control the main negative relay 102 to be turned on before the first solid-state relay 103 .

[0084] Exemplarily, when the positive pole of the battery is not provided with a pre-charge circuit, when the load capacitor C1 is pre-charged, the control module 104 has controlled the main positive relay 101 to be turned on, and the control module 104 controls the main circuit to be alternately in a state of conduction and disconnection based on a preset PWM signal, and pre-charges the load capacitor C1 when the main circuit is turned on. At the end of pre-charging, the main positive relay 101 is in a conducting state, and the first solid-state relay 103 and the main negative relay 102 are in a disconnected state, that is, the main circuit is not powered on at this time. After pre-charging is completed, when the power-on condition is met, the control module 104 only needs to control the main negative relay 102 and the first solid-state relay 103 to be turned on, and the main positive relay 101, the first solid-state relay 103 and the main negative relay 102 can be controlled to be in a conducting state. Wherein, the control module 104 controls the main negative relay 102 and the first solid-state relay 103 to be turned on in sequence.

[0085] In some embodiments, the control module 104 can detect whether pre-charging is complete. If so, the control module 104 controls the main negative relay 102 and the first solid-state relay 103 to conduct sequentially according to a predetermined timing and event-driven mechanism. The control module 104 can be a BMS. The manner in which the BMS detects whether pre-charging is complete is conventional and well known to those skilled in the art and will not be further described here.

[0086] In other embodiments, without pre-charging the load capacitor C1, in response to a power-off instruction, the control module 104 can also control the main positive relay 101, the main negative relay 102 and the first solid-state relay 103 to be turned on in sequence according to a preset timing.

[0087] In the above technical solution, when the main circuit containing the battery is powered on, the main negative relay 102 is closed first. Although the main negative relay 102 may also generate an arc, the current builds gradually at this time, and the energy and duration of the arc are generally smaller than when it is disconnected, resulting in less damage to the contacts and less likelihood of adhesion. Therefore, closing the main negative relay 102 first can, to a certain extent, avoid the problem of the large surge current generated at the moment of power-on causing impact and damage to the first solid-state relay 103, thereby potentially improving the safety and reliability of power-on.

[0088] According to some embodiments of the present application, the control module 104 is configured to, in response to a power-off instruction, control the first solid-state relay 103 , the main negative relay 102 , and the main positive relay 101 to be disconnected one by one in sequence.

[0089] In other words, in response to the power-off instruction, the control module 104 controls the first solid-state relay 103 to be turned off, and the main negative relay 102 and the main positive relay 101 to be turned off one by one in a certain order.

[0090] In the above technical solution, the first solid-state relay 103 is first disconnected, reducing the current flowing through the main negative relay 102 connected in series with the first solid-state relay 103 to zero. The main negative relay 102 is then disconnected, which can, to a certain extent, avoid the problem of sticking of the main negative relay 102. Finally, the main positive relay 101 is disconnected to isolate the load from the negative terminal of the battery. This reduces the risk of reverse voltage shock to electrical equipment caused by back electromotive force or residual charge generated by other components in the main circuit during the disconnection of the main positive relay 101, thereby improving the safety and reliability of power-off.

[0091] refer to Figure 3 According to some embodiments of the present application, the control circuit further includes: a second solid-state relay 105, which is connected in parallel with the main negative relay 102 and the first solid-state relay 103 connected in series; the control module 104 is further configured to: in response to a power-on instruction, control the second solid-state relay 105 to be disconnected while the main positive relay 101, the main negative relay 102 and the first solid-state relay 103 are all turned on; in response to a power-off instruction, control the first solid-state relay 103 to be disconnected while controlling the second solid-state relay 105 to be turned on, and disconnect the second solid-state relay 105 after the main negative relay 102 is disconnected.

[0092] When the main circuit is powered on, the second solid-state relay 105 is disconnected, so that the current flows through the first solid-state relay 103 and the main negative relay 102 without passing through the second solid-state relay 105 .

[0093] In response to the power-off command, control module 104 is configured to sequentially execute steps 1 and 2. In step 1, control module 104 simultaneously controls the first solid-state relay 103 to be turned off and the second solid-state relay 105 to be turned on. In step 2, control module 104 controls the main negative relay 102, the second solid-state relay 105, and the main positive relay 101 to be turned off in sequence. This ensures that the first solid-state relay 103 turns off before the main negative relay 102, and the main negative relay 102 turns off before the main positive relay 101.

[0094] At the moment the first solid-state relay 103 is disconnected, the circuit where the first solid-state relay 103 is located is disconnected. Since the second solid-state relay 105 is closed at the moment the first solid-state relay 103 is disconnected, the battery current can flow through the second solid-state relay 105. In this way, at the moment the first solid-state relay 103 is disconnected, the second solid-state relay 105 withstands the high voltage of the battery for the first solid-state relay 103.

[0095] After the first solid-state relay 103 is disconnected and the second solid-state relay 105 is turned on, the voltage flowing through the main negative relay 102 is zero. At this time, disconnecting the main negative relay 102 can reduce the problem of sticking of the main negative relay 102. It is understandable that in order to achieve power-off of the main circuit, after disconnecting the main negative relay 102, the second solid-state relay 105 and the main positive relay 101 are disconnected in sequence.

[0096] In some embodiments, the control module 104 may execute the above steps 1 and 2 according to a pre-set timing and event-driven mechanism.

[0097] In the above technical solution, since the second solid-state relay 105 is closed at the moment the first solid-state relay 103 is disconnected, the battery current can flow through the second solid-state relay 105. In this way, at the moment the first solid-state relay 103 is disconnected, the second solid-state relay 105 withstands the high voltage of the battery for the first solid-state relay 103, thereby further reducing the risk of the first solid-state relay 103 being broken down due to the excessive voltage at both ends at the moment of disconnection. After the first solid-state relay 103 is disconnected and the second solid-state relay 105 is turned on, the voltage flowing through the main negative relay 102 is zero. At this time, disconnecting the main negative relay 102 can reduce the problem of adhesion of the main negative relay 102. After disconnecting the main negative relay 102, the second solid-state relay 105 and the main positive relay 101 are disconnected in sequence, so that the main circuit is powered off. Finally, the main positive relay 101 is disconnected, so that the load is first isolated from the negative terminal of the battery. This can reduce the risk of reverse voltage shock to electrical equipment caused by the back electromotive force or residual charge generated by other components in the main circuit during the process of disconnecting the main positive relay 101, thereby improving the safety and reliability of power-off.

[0098] It is worth noting that, when the second solid-state relay 105 is provided in the control circuit, the control module 104 can be configured to sequentially execute steps 1 and 2 in response to a power-off instruction. When the second solid-state relay 105 is not provided in the control circuit, the control module 104 can be configured to sequentially disconnect the first solid-state relay 103, the main negative relay 102, and the main positive relay 101 in response to a power-off instruction.

[0099] According to some embodiments of the present application, the voltage withstand capability of the second solid-state relay 105 is greater than that of the first solid-state relay 103 , and the conduction capability of the first solid-state relay 103 is greater than that of the second solid-state relay 105 .

[0100] Taking the first solid-state relay 103 as an example, the withstand voltage capability refers to the maximum voltage the semiconductor components within the first solid-state relay 103 can withstand without breakdown or damage, typically expressed in volts (V). The withstand voltage capability of the first solid-state relay 103 and the second solid-state relay 105 can be measured using a withstand voltage tester.

[0101] Taking the first solid-state relay 103 as an example, the conduction capability refers to the current carrying capacity of the first solid-state relay 103 in the on state, which can be represented by the rated current.

[0102] The core component of a solid-state relay is a semiconductor device. Due to the physical properties of semiconductor devices, the voltage resistance of a solid-state relay is related to its conduction capability. Generally, when the voltage resistance of a solid-state relay increases, its conduction capability will be weakened.

[0103] The first solid-state relay 103 is used to power the main circuit. When the main circuit is powered, the second solid-state relay 105 is disconnected, and current flows through the first solid-state relay 103 instead of the second solid-state relay 105. Therefore, the conduction capacity of the first solid-state relay 103 is greater than that of the second solid-state relay 105, allowing the first solid-state relay 103 to pass a larger current through the main circuit. Accordingly, the voltage withstand capability of the second solid-state relay 105 is greater than that of the first solid-state relay 103. This allows the second solid-state relay 105 to withstand high voltages while the first solid-state relay 103 is disconnected.

[0104] In the above technical solution, the conduction capacity of the first solid-state relay 103 is greater than the conduction capacity of the second solid-state relay 105, so that the first solid-state relay 103 allows a larger current to pass through the main circuit. The voltage resistance of the second solid-state relay 105 is greater than the voltage resistance of the first solid-state relay 103. In this way, when the first solid-state relay 103 is disconnected, the second solid-state relay 105 is turned on, so that the second solid-state relay 105 has a sufficiently strong voltage resistance to withstand the high voltage for the first solid-state relay 103, so that the second solid-state relay 105 itself is not easily broken down, and thus will not affect the safety and reliability of the main circuit power-off.

[0105] refer to Figure 3 According to some embodiments of the present application, a load capacitor C1 is further connected to both ends of the battery, and the control module 104 is further configured to: in response to a power-on instruction, control the main positive relay 101 to close to pre-charge the load capacitor C1, and control the main negative relay 102 and the first solid-state relay 103 to turn on after the pre-charging is completed; wherein, pre-charging the load capacitor C1 includes: the control module 104 controlling the main positive relay 101 to turn on, and controlling the main negative relay 102 and the first solid-state relay 103 to turn off; the control module 104 controlling the second solid-state relay 105 to turn on or off based on a preset PWM signal, so as to pre-charge the load capacitor C1 when the second solid-state relay 105 is turned on.

[0106] That is to say, the control module 104 should execute the steps of pre-charging the load capacitor C1 and powering on the main circuit where the battery 100 is located in response to the power-on instruction. During the process of pre-charging the load capacitor C1, the main positive relay 101 is controlled to be turned on. After the pre-charging is completed, the main circuit is powered on. During the step of powering on the main circuit, the main negative relay 102 and the first solid-state relay 103 are controlled to be turned on, thereby achieving the control of the main positive relay 101, the main negative relay 102 and the first solid-state relay 103 to be turned on in response to the power-on instruction.

[0107] In the case where the control circuit includes a second solid-state relay 105, during the pre-charging of the load capacitor C1, the control module 104 can control the main negative relay 102 and the first solid-state relay 103 to remain in the disconnected state. By controlling the second solid-state relay 105 to alternately be in the on and off state, the load capacitor C1 can be pre-charged when the second solid-state relay 105 is turned on. The pre-charge time of the load capacitor C1 can be adjusted by adjusting the PWM signal. The pre-charge time of the load capacitor C1 of the main circuit can be adjusted as needed to achieve rapid pre-charging. After the pre-charging is completed, the control module 104 can control the second solid-state relay 105 to be disconnected, and while keeping the main positive relay 101 in the on state, control the main negative relay 102 and the first solid-state relay 103 to be turned on in sequence according to a pre-set timing and event-driven mechanism, thereby powering on the main circuit.

[0108] In the above technical solution, the second solid-state relay 105 is controlled to be turned on or off based on a preset PWM signal to achieve pre-charging of the load capacitor C1, which can eliminate the pre-charging circuit and reduce costs. In addition, the control module 104 only needs to control the second solid-state relay 105 to be alternately turned on and off to achieve pre-charging, which can simplify the control method.

[0109] refer to Figure 4 According to some embodiments of the present application, the control module 104 includes: a control unit 1041, a first drive unit 11, a second drive unit 12, and a third drive unit 13. The control unit 1041 is configured to: in response to a power-on instruction or a power-off instruction, generate signals indicating the on / off of the first solid-state relay 103, the main negative relay 102, and the main positive relay 101; the first drive unit 11 is configured to drive the on / off of the first solid-state relay 103 according to the signal indicating the on / off of the first solid-state relay 103 generated by the control unit 1041; the second drive unit 12 is configured to drive the on / off of the main negative relay 102 according to the signal indicating the on / off of the main negative relay 102 generated by the control unit 1041; and the third drive unit 13 is configured to drive the on / off of the main positive relay 101 according to the signal indicating the on / off of the main positive relay 101 generated by the control unit 1041.

[0110] The first driving unit 11 , the second driving unit 12 and the third driving unit 13 are respectively connected to the control unit 1041 for communication.

[0111] For example, the negative pole of the battery can be connected in series with the first solid-state relay 103 and the main negative relay 102, without being connected to the second solid-state relay 105. During the pre-charging stage, the control unit 1041 can generate a signal to control the main positive relay 101 to be turned on, and the third drive unit 13 drives the main positive relay 101 to be turned on in response to the signal issued by the control unit 1041 indicating the main positive relay 101 to be turned on. The control unit 1041 can also output a set PWM signal to the first drive unit 11 and the second drive unit 12. The first drive unit 11 drives the first solid-state relay 103 to be alternately turned on and off based on the PWM signal, and the second drive unit 12 drives the main negative relay 102 to be alternately turned on and off based on the PWM signal. It can be understood that the control unit 1041 outputs the set PWM signal at the same time, so that the first solid-state relay 103 and the main negative relay 102 are turned on and off at the same time. After the pre-charging is completed, the control unit 1041 stops outputting the PWM signal. In response to the power-on instruction, the control unit 1041 generates signals to drive the main negative relay 102 and the first solid-state relay 103 to turn on in sequence, so that the second drive unit 12 and the first drive unit 11 drive the main negative relay 102 and the first solid-state relay 103 to turn on in sequence, thereby powering on the main circuit.

[0112] In response to the power-off command, the control unit 1041 sequentially generates signals to disconnect the first solid-state relay 103, the main negative relay 102, and the main positive relay 101. The first drive unit 11, the second drive unit 12, and the third drive unit 13 sequentially disconnect the first solid-state relay 103, the main negative relay 102, and the main positive relay 101 based on the order of the received signals.

[0113] The control unit 1041 can generate signals to drive the first solid-state relay 103, the main negative relay 102 and the main positive relay 101 to disconnect in sequence according to a preset timing. For example, the control unit 1041 can have a built-in timer, and the timing is set based on the periodic triggering of the timer.

[0114] In some embodiments, the control unit 1041 may be a microcontroller unit (MCU) in a BMS.

[0115] In some embodiments, the first driving unit 11 may be a driving circuit known to those skilled in the art that can drive a solid-state relay on and off, including but not limited to an optocoupler isolation driving circuit, a dedicated driving IC circuit, etc.

[0116] In some embodiments, the second driving unit 12 can be a driving circuit that is well known to those skilled in the art and can drive the relay on and off, including but not limited to a transistor driving circuit, a MOSFET (Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor) driving circuit, a dedicated driving IC circuit, etc.

[0117] In some embodiments, the third driving unit 13 can be a driving circuit known to those skilled in the art that can drive the relay on and off, including but not limited to a transistor driving circuit, a MOSFET driving circuit, a dedicated driving IC circuit, etc.

[0118] In the above technical solution, different driving units are used to drive the first solid-state relay 103, the main negative relay 102 and the main positive relay 101 to be on and off respectively, which can improve the reliability of controlling the on and off of the first solid-state relay 103, the main negative relay 102 and the main positive relay 101, thereby improving the reliability of power on and off.

[0119] refer to Figure 5 According to some embodiments of the present application, the first drive unit 11 includes a first high-side drive switch circuit 11a and a first push-pull drive circuit 11b. The first high-side drive switch circuit 11a is connected to the control unit 1041 and is configured to: adjust the signal generated by the control unit 1041 to indicate whether the first solid-state relay 103 is on or off, and then output a corresponding level signal; the input end of the first push-pull drive circuit 11b is connected to the first high-side drive switch circuit 11a, and the output end is connected to the first solid-state relay 103. The first push-pull drive circuit 11b is configured to: drive the first solid-state relay 103 on or off based on the level signal output by the first high-side drive switch circuit 11a.

[0120] When the driving capability of the signal output by the control unit 1041 indicating whether the first solid-state relay 103 is turned on or off is insufficient or the voltage / current is mismatched, the signal output by the control unit 1041 indicating whether the first solid-state relay 103 is turned on or off can be adjusted through the first high-side drive switch circuit 11a and the first push-pull drive circuit 11b, thereby efficiently driving the first solid-state relay 103 to be turned on or off.

[0121] The signal output by the control unit 1041 indicating whether the first solid-state relay 103 is on or off may also be a level signal. For example, when the control unit 1041 outputs a high-level signal, the first high-side drive switch circuit 11a and the first push-pull drive circuit 11b drive the first solid-state relay 103 to be turned on. When the control unit 1041 outputs a low-level signal, the first high-side drive switch circuit 11a and the first push-pull drive circuit 11b drive the first solid-state relay 103 to be turned off.

[0122] The first high-side driver switch circuit 11a can be composed of transistors, such as MOS transistors or IGBTs (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors). For example, if the first high-side driver switch circuit 11a is composed of a first PMOS transistor, the source of the first PMOS transistor is connected to the external driver power source VKL_30C, the drain is connected to the input terminal of the first push-pull driver circuit 11b, and the gate of the first PMOS transistor is connected to the output terminal of the control unit 1041. The signal output by the control unit 1041, indicating whether the first solid-state relay 103 is on or off, is transmitted to the gate of the first PMOS transistor via the output terminal, thereby controlling the on / off state of the first PMOS transistor. When the first PMOS transistor is on, the first PMOS transistor connects the external driver power source VKL_30C to the control terminal of the first push-pull driver circuit 11b, thereby inputting a high-level signal to the control terminal of the first push-pull driver circuit 11b. When the first PMOS transistor is off, the first PMOS transistor outputs a low-level signal to the control terminal of the first push-pull driver circuit 11b.

[0123] The first push-pull drive circuit 11b may include a first pull-up NMOS transistor Q1 and a first pull-down PMOS transistor Q2 connected in series. The drain of the first pull-up NMOS transistor Q1 is connected to a power supply voltage, the source of the first pull-up NMOS transistor Q1 is connected to the drain of the first pull-down PMOS transistor Q2, and the source of the first pull-down PMOS transistor Q2 is connected to ground GND. The power supply voltage may be the output voltage of an isolated power supply ISO Power. The gate of the first pull-up NMOS transistor Q1 is connected to the gate of the first pull-down PMOS transistor Q2. The input of the first push-pull drive circuit 11b is the gate of the first pull-up NMOS transistor Q1 and the gate of the first pull-down PMOS transistor Q2. Both the gate of the first pull-up NMOS transistor Q1 and the gate of the first pull-down PMOS transistor Q2 are connected to the output of the first high-side drive switch circuit 11a. If the first high-side drive switch circuit 11a is composed of a first PMOS transistor, the output of the first high-side drive switch circuit 11a is the drain of the first PMOS transistor. The input end of the first solid-state relay 103 is connected to the node between the source of the first pull-up NMOS transistor Q1 and the drain of the first pull-down PMOS transistor Q2 . The input end of the first solid-state relay 103 is also connected to the source of the first pull-down PMOS transistor Q2 .

[0124] In some embodiments, the first push-pull driving circuit 11b further includes a first electrolytic capacitor C2, one end of which is connected to the power supply voltage and the other end is grounded to meet the driving current requirement of the first solid-state relay 103 when it is turned on.

[0125] Taking the example of the first high-side driver switch circuit 11a being comprised of a first PMOS transistor, the signal output by the control unit 1041 instructing the first solid-state relay 103 to turn on can be a low-level signal. The first PMOS transistor turns on in response to the low-level signal. When the first PMOS transistor is turned on, the first PMOS transistor outputs a high-level signal to the gate of the first pull-up NMOS transistor Q1 and the gate of the first pull-down PMOS transistor Q2. The first pull-up NMOS transistor Q1 turns on, the first pull-down PMOS transistor Q2 turns off, and the power supply voltage is output to the first solid-state relay 103 via the first pull-up NMOS transistor Q1, driving the first solid-state relay 103 to turn on.

[0126] The signal output by the control unit 1041 instructing the first solid-state relay 103 to disconnect can be a high-level signal. In response to the high-level signal, the first PMOS transistor is turned off. When the first PMOS transistor is turned off, the first PMOS transistor outputs a low-level signal to the gate of the first pull-up NMOS transistor Q1 and the gate of the first pull-down PMOS transistor Q2. The first pull-up NMOS transistor Q1 is turned off, the first pull-down PMOS transistor Q2 is turned on, and the first solid-state relay 103 outputs current to the first pull-down PMOS transistor Q2. This reverses the flow of power to the first solid-state relay 103, driving the first solid-state relay 103 to disconnect.

[0127] Exemplarily, the first solid-state relay 103 may include a first output circuit, and the on and off of the first solid-state relay 103 is controlled by the first output circuit, and the first output circuit is composed of semiconductor devices.

[0128] Exemplarily, the first output circuit may include multiple parallel-connected first branches 1031. These multiple first branches 1031 are connected in parallel and in series with the main negative relay 102 in the main circuit where the battery is located. Each first branch 1031 includes two first NMOS transistors connected in series. In each first branch 1031, the drain of one first NMOS transistor is connected to the negative electrode of the battery, the source is connected to the drain of another first NMOS transistor, and the source of the other first NMOS transistor is connected to the main negative relay 102. The gates of both first NMOS transistors are connected to the node between the source of the first pull-up NMOS transistor Q1 and the drain of the first pull-down PMOS transistor Q2, as well as the source of the first pull-down PMOS transistor Q2. Thus, when the first pull-up NMOS transistor Q1 of the first push-pull drive circuit 11b is turned on and the first pull-down PMOS transistor Q2 is turned off, the power supply voltage is output to the gate of each first NMOS transistor through the first pull-up NMOS transistor Q1, driving the first NMOS transistor to turn on, thereby driving the first solid-state relay 103 to turn on. When the first pull-up NMOS transistor Q1 of the first push-pull driving circuit 11b is turned off and the first pull-down PMOS transistor Q2 is turned on, the gate of the first NMOS transistor is at a low level, driving the first NMOS transistor to be turned off, thereby driving the first solid-state relay 103 to be turned off.

[0129] In the above technical solution, the first high-side drive switch circuit 11a and the first push-pull drive circuit 11b jointly drive the first solid-state relay 103 to be turned on and off, thereby improving the driving efficiency and driving reliability of the first solid-state relay 103.

[0130] refer to Figure 6 According to some embodiments of the present application, the power-off instruction includes an overcurrent signal, and the control circuit further includes: a first detection unit 106, which is communicatively connected to the control unit 1041, and the first detection unit 106 is used to detect the current flowing through the battery, and in response to the current flowing through the battery being greater than a preset value, generates an overcurrent signal and sends it to the control unit 1041; the control unit 1041 is configured to generate signals instructing the first solid-state relay 103, the main negative relay 102 and the main positive relay 101 to disconnect in sequence in response to the overcurrent signal.

[0131] When the first solid-state relay 103 and the main negative relay 102 are connected in series at the negative pole of the battery and the second solid-state relay 105 is not connected, the control unit 1041 can generate signals indicating that the first solid-state relay 103, the main negative relay 102 and the main positive relay 101 are disconnected in sequence in response to the overcurrent signal, and drive the first solid-state relay 103, the main negative relay 102 and the main positive relay 101 to disconnect in sequence through the first drive unit 11, the second drive unit 12 and the third drive unit 13 respectively.

[0132] The first detection unit 106 may be connected to the negative electrode of the battery to detect the current flowing into the negative electrode of the battery.

[0133] Exemplarily, the first detection unit 106 may include a current sensor 1061 and a data acquisition chip 1062. The current sensor 1061 detects the current flowing through the battery. The data acquisition chip 1062 is connected to the current sensor 1061 and is configured to acquire the current detected by the current sensor 1061. The sampling chip is also connected to the control unit 1041. When the data acquisition chip 1062 detects that the current flowing through the battery is greater than a preset value, the sampling chip generates an overcurrent signal and transmits it to the control unit 1041. The preset value refers to the maximum current value that the main circuit in which the battery is located can withstand. The preset value can be determined based on the rated current of various components in the main circuit. If there are multiple components in the main circuit, the preset value is the minimum rated current of the multiple components. For example, the preset value can be determined based on the rated current of the main negative relay 102 or the minimum rated current of the solid-state relay or the main positive relay 101.

[0134] Exemplarily, the first solid-state relay 103 and the main negative relay 102 are connected in series, and the end of the first solid-state relay 103 away from the main negative relay 102 is connected to the negative pole of the battery. The current sensor 1061 can be connected between the negative pole of the battery and the first solid-state relay 103 to detect the current flowing through the battery.

[0135] The current sensor 1061 can be a shunt, and the acquisition chip 1062 can be an AFE (Analog Front-End Chip), which can be a component of a BMS. The AFE can differentially acquire the voltage difference across the shunt in real time and calculate the current based on the voltage difference. The AFE has a built-in comparator that compares the real-time current acquisition with a preset value. If the acquired current exceeds the preset value, the AFE completes the determination within 1ms and sets the OC (Over Current) flag, generating an OC set signal. The AFE sends the OC set signal to the control unit 1041, triggering the control unit 1041 to sequentially generate signals indicating the disconnection of the first solid-state relay 103, the main negative relay 102, and the main positive relay 101. The OC set signal is an overcurrent signal. To prevent false alarms caused by interference signals, the control unit 1041 can have a built-in filter to filter the OC set signal within 1ms. The control unit 1041 can be an MCU.

[0136] In the above technical solution, the first detection unit 106 enables the control unit 1041 to promptly power off when an overcurrent occurs in the main circuit where the battery is located, thereby improving the safety of battery charging and discharging.

[0137] According to some embodiments of the present application, when a battery is used to power a vehicle, the power-off instruction includes either a collision signal or a thermal runaway signal, and the control circuit further includes a second detection unit (not shown) and a third detection unit (not shown). The second detection unit is communicatively connected to the control unit 1041 and is configured to detect whether the vehicle has been involved in a collision. In response to a collision, the second detection unit generates a collision signal and transmits it to the control unit 1041. The third detection unit is communicatively connected to the control unit 1041 and is configured to detect whether the vehicle has been involved in a thermal runaway. In response to a thermal runaway, the third detection unit generates a thermal runaway signal and transmits it to the control unit 1041. The control unit 1041 is configured to, in response to either the collision signal or the thermal runaway signal, sequentially generate signals instructing the first solid-state relay 103, the main negative relay 102, and the main positive relay 101 to disconnect.

[0138] The second detection unit may include but is not limited to a collision sensor. The technology of detecting whether the vehicle has collided by means of a collision sensor is a conventional technology well known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail here. The third detection unit may be at least one of a temperature sensor, a voltage sensor, a current sensor 1061 and a pressure sensor. The technology of detecting whether the vehicle has thermal runaway by means of at least one of a temperature sensor, a voltage sensor, a current sensor 1061 and a pressure sensor is a conventional technology well known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail here. Among them, the second detection unit and the third detection unit can both be structures in the BMS.

[0139] When the first solid-state relay 103 and the main negative relay 102 are connected in series to the negative pole of the battery and the second solid-state relay 105 is not connected, the control unit 1041 can respond to any one of the collision signal and the thermal runaway signal to generate signals instructing the first solid-state relay 103, the main negative relay 102 and the main positive relay 101 to be disconnected in sequence, and the manner in which the first solid-state relay 103, the main negative relay 102 and the main positive relay 101 are driven to be disconnected in sequence through the first drive unit 11, the second drive unit 12 and the third drive unit 13 respectively can refer to the relevant description in the above embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0140] In the above technical solution, the second detection unit and the third detection unit enable the control unit 1041 to be powered off in time when the vehicle collides or experiences thermal runaway, thereby improving the safety of the vehicle.

[0141] refer to Figure 7According to some embodiments of the present application, the control circuit further includes: a second solid-state relay 105, which is connected in parallel with the main negative relay 102 and the first solid-state relay 103 connected in series, and the control unit 1041 is further configured to: generate a signal indicating the on / off of the second solid-state relay 105 in response to a power-on instruction or a power-off instruction; the control module 104 further includes: a fourth driving unit 14, which is used to drive the on / off of the second solid-state relay 105 according to the signal indicating the on / off of the second solid-state relay 105 generated by the control unit 1041.

[0142] The fourth driving unit 14 is communicatively connected to the control unit 1041 .

[0143] In response to the power-off instruction, the control unit 1041 first simultaneously outputs a signal indicating that the first solid-state relay 103 is disconnected and a signal indicating that the second solid-state relay 105 is turned on, wherein the signal indicating that the first solid-state relay 103 is disconnected is output to the first drive unit 11, and the signal indicating that the second solid-state relay 105 is turned on is output to the fourth drive unit 14, so that at the same time, the first drive unit 11 drives the first solid-state relay 103 to disconnect, and the fourth drive unit 14 drives the second solid-state relay 105 to turn on.

[0144] Next, the control unit 1041 sequentially outputs signals instructing the main negative relay 102, the second solid-state relay 105, and the main positive relay 101 to disconnect. The second drive unit 12, the fourth drive unit 14, and the third drive unit 13 sequentially drive the main negative relay 102, the second solid-state relay 105, and the main positive relay 101 to disconnect based on the order of the received signals.

[0145] In some embodiments, the fourth driving unit 14 may be a driving circuit known to those skilled in the art that can drive the solid-state relay on and off, including but not limited to an optocoupler isolation driving circuit, a dedicated driving IC circuit, etc.

[0146] It is understandable that the first driving unit 11 , the second driving unit 12 , the third driving unit 13 and the fourth driving unit 14 can be respectively connected to different output ports of the control unit 1041 , and thus can respectively receive signals output by the control unit 1041 .

[0147] In the above technical solution, the control unit 1041 can also drive the second solid-state relay 105 through the fourth driving unit 14, thereby improving the reliability of driving the second solid-state relay 105, so that at the moment when the first solid-state relay 103 is disconnected, the second solid-state relay 105 can effectively withstand the high voltage of the battery for the first solid-state relay 103, thereby further reducing the risk of the first solid-state relay 103 being broken down due to the excessive voltage at both ends at the moment of disconnection.

[0148] refer to Figure 8 According to some embodiments of the present application, the fourth drive unit 14 includes a second high-side drive switch circuit 14a and a second push-pull drive circuit 14b. The second high-side drive switch circuit 14a is connected to the control unit 1041 and is configured to: adjust the signal generated by the control unit 1041 to instruct the second solid-state relay 105 to turn on or off, and then output a corresponding level signal; the second push-pull drive circuit 14b has an input end connected to the second high-side drive switch circuit 14a and an output end connected to the second solid-state relay 105. The second push-pull drive circuit 14b is configured to: drive the second solid-state relay 105 to turn on or off based on the level signal output by the second high-side drive switch circuit 14a.

[0149] When the driving capability of the signal output by the control unit 1041 indicating whether the second solid-state relay 105 is turned on or off is insufficient or the voltage / current is mismatched, the signal output by the control unit 1041 indicating whether the second solid-state relay 105 is turned on or off can be adjusted through the second high-side drive switch circuit 14a and the second push-pull drive circuit 14b, thereby efficiently driving the second solid-state relay 105 to be turned on or off.

[0150] The signal output by the control unit 1041 indicating whether the second solid-state relay 105 is turned on or off may also be a level signal. For example, when the control unit 1041 outputs a high-level signal, the second high-side drive switch circuit 14a and the second push-pull drive circuit 14b drive the second solid-state relay 105 to be turned on. When the control unit 1041 outputs a low-level signal, the second high-side drive switch circuit 14a and the second push-pull drive circuit 14b drive the second solid-state relay 105 to be turned off.

[0151] The second high-side driver switch circuit 14a can be composed of a transistor, such as a MOS transistor or an IGBT transistor. For example, the second high-side driver switch circuit 14a is composed of a second PMOS transistor. The source of the second PMOS transistor is connected to the external driver power supply VKL_30C, the drain is connected to the input terminal of the second push-pull driver circuit 14b, and the gate of the second PMOS transistor is connected to the output terminal of the control unit 1041. The signal output by the control unit 1041, indicating whether the second solid-state relay 105 is on or off, is transmitted to the gate of the second PMOS transistor via the output terminal, thereby controlling the on and off of the second PMOS transistor. When the second PMOS transistor is on, the second PMOS transistor connects the external driver power supply VKL_30C to the control terminal of the second push-pull driver circuit 14b, that is, inputs a high-level signal to the control terminal of the second push-pull driver circuit 14b. When the second PMOS transistor is off, the second PMOS transistor outputs a low-level signal to the control terminal of the second push-pull driver circuit 14b.

[0152] The second push-pull drive circuit 14b may include a second pull-up NMOS transistor Q3 and a second pull-down PMOS transistor Q4 connected in series. The drain of the second pull-up NMOS transistor Q3 is connected to a power supply voltage, the source of the second pull-up NMOS transistor Q3 is connected to the drain of the second pull-down PMOS transistor Q4, and the source of the second pull-down PMOS transistor Q4 is connected to ground GND. The power supply voltage may be the output voltage of an isolated power supply ISO Power. The gate of the second pull-up NMOS transistor Q3 is connected to the gate of the second pull-down PMOS transistor Q4. The input of the second push-pull drive circuit 14b is the gate of the second pull-up NMOS transistor Q3 and the gate of the second pull-down PMOS transistor Q4. Both the gate of the second pull-up NMOS transistor Q3 and the gate of the second pull-down PMOS transistor Q4 are connected to the output of the second high-side drive switch circuit 14a. If the second high-side drive switch circuit 14a is composed of a second PMOS transistor, the output of the second high-side drive switch circuit 14a is the drain of the second PMOS transistor. The input end of the second solid-state relay 105 is connected to the node between the source of the second pull-up NMOS transistor Q3 and the drain of the second pull-down PMOS transistor Q4 . The input end of the second solid-state relay 105 is also connected to the source of the second pull-down PMOS transistor Q4 .

[0153] In some embodiments, the second push-pull driving circuit 14b further includes a second electrolytic capacitor C3, two ends of the second electrolytic capacitor C3 are connected to the power supply voltage, and the other end is grounded to meet the instantaneous driving current requirement of the second solid-state relay 105 when it is turned on.

[0154] Taking the example of the second high-side driver switch circuit 14a being comprised of a second PMOS transistor, the signal output by the control unit 1041 instructing the second solid-state relay 105 to turn on can be a low-level signal. The second PMOS transistor turns on in response to the low-level signal. When the second PMOS transistor is turned on, the second PMOS transistor outputs a high-level signal to the gate of the second pull-up NMOS transistor Q3 and the gate of the second pull-down PMOS transistor Q4. This turns on the second pull-up NMOS transistor Q3 and turns off the second pull-down PMOS transistor Q4. The power supply voltage is then output to the second solid-state relay 105 via the second pull-up NMOS transistor Q3, turning on the second solid-state relay 105.

[0155] The signal output by the control unit 1041 instructing the second solid-state relay 105 to disconnect can be a high-level signal. In response to the high-level signal, the second PMOS transistor is turned off. When the second PMOS transistor is turned off, the second PMOS transistor outputs a low-level signal to the gate of the second pull-up NMOS transistor Q3 and the gate of the second pull-down PMOS transistor Q4. The second pull-up NMOS transistor Q3 is turned off, the second pull-down PMOS transistor Q4 is turned on, and the second solid-state relay 105 outputs current to the second pull-down PMOS transistor Q4. In other words, the second solid-state relay 105 is reversely energized, driving the second solid-state relay 105 to disconnect.

[0156] When the first high-side drive switch circuit 11a is composed of a first PMOS transistor and the first push-pull drive circuit 11b includes a first pull-up NMOS transistor Q1 and a first pull-down PMOS transistor Q2, the structures of the first drive unit 11 and the second drive unit 12 are actually the same. Therefore, in response to the power-off instruction, the control unit 1041 can simultaneously output a high-level signal and a low-level signal, wherein the high-level signal is output to the first high-side drive switch and the low-level signal is output to the second high-side drive switch, thereby driving the first solid-state relay 103 to be disconnected while driving the second solid-state relay 105 to be turned on.

[0157] Exemplarily, the second solid-state relay 105 may include a second output circuit, and the on and off of the second solid-state relay 105 is controlled by the second output circuit, and the second output circuit is composed of semiconductor devices.

[0158] Exemplarily, the second output circuit may include multiple parallel second branches 1032, which are connected in parallel and in series with the main negative relay 102 in the main circuit where the battery is located. Each second branch 1032 includes two second NMOS transistors connected in series. In each second branch 1032, the drain of one second NMOS transistor is connected to the negative electrode of the battery, the source is connected to the drain of another second NMOS transistor, the source of the other second NMOS transistor is connected to the main negative relay 102, and the gates of both second NMOS transistors are connected to the node between the source of the second pull-up NMOS transistor Q3 and the drain of the second pull-down PMOS transistor Q4, as well as the source of the second pull-down PMOS transistor Q4. Thus, when the second pull-up NMOS transistor Q3 of the second push-pull drive circuit 14b is turned on and the second pull-down PMOS transistor Q4 is turned off, the power supply voltage is output to the gate of each second NMOS transistor through the second pull-up NMOS transistor Q3, driving the second NMOS transistor to turn on, thereby driving the second solid-state relay 105 to turn on. When the second pull-up NMOS transistor Q3 of the second push-pull driving circuit 14b is turned off and the second pull-down PMOS transistor Q4 is turned on, the gate of the second NMOS transistor is at a low level, driving the second NMOS transistor to be turned off, thereby driving the second solid-state relay 105 to be turned off.

[0159] In the above technical solution, the second high-side drive switch circuit 14a and the second push-pull drive circuit 14b jointly drive the second solid-state relay 105 to be turned on and off, thereby improving the driving efficiency and driving reliability of the second solid-state relay 105.

[0160] refer to Figure 9According to some embodiments of the present application, the power-off instruction includes an overcurrent signal, and the control circuit further includes: a first detection unit 106, which is communicatively connected to the control unit 1041, and the first detection unit 106 is used to detect the current flowing through the battery, and in response to the current flowing through the battery being greater than a preset value, generates an overcurrent signal and sends it to the control unit 1041; the control unit 1041 is configured to: in response to the overcurrent signal, perform a first operation and a second operation in sequence; wherein the first operation includes: simultaneously generating a signal indicating that the first solid-state relay 103 is disconnected and a signal indicating that the second solid-state relay 105 is turned on; the second operation includes: sequentially generating signals indicating that the main negative relay 102, the second solid-state relay 105 and the main positive relay 101 are disconnected.

[0161] The structure of the first detection unit 106 can refer to the relevant description in the above embodiment and will not be repeated here.

[0162] In the case where the control circuit includes the second solid-state relay 105 , the control unit 1041 may sequentially perform the first operation and the second operation in response to the overcurrent signal.

[0163] The control unit 1041 may perform the first operation and the second operation in sequence according to a preset timing sequence. For example, the control unit 1041 may have a built-in timer, and the timing sequence is set based on a periodic trigger of the timer.

[0164] In the above technical solution, the first detection unit 106 enables the control unit 1041 to promptly power off when an overcurrent occurs in the main circuit where the battery is located, thereby improving the safety of battery charging and discharging.

[0165] According to some embodiments of the present application, when a battery is used to power a vehicle, the power-off instruction includes any one of a collision signal and a thermal runaway signal, and the control circuit further includes: a second detection unit and a third detection unit, the second detection unit being communicatively connected to the control unit 1041, the second detection unit being used to detect whether the vehicle has collided, and in response to a collision of the vehicle, generating a collision signal and sending it to the control unit 1041; the third detection unit being communicatively connected to the control unit 1041, the third detection unit being used to detect whether a thermal runaway has occurred in the vehicle, and in response to a thermal runaway of the vehicle, generating a thermal runaway signal and sending it to the control unit 1041; the control unit 1041 being configured to: in response to any one of the collision signal and the thermal runaway signal, sequentially perform a first operation and a second operation; wherein the first operation includes: simultaneously generating a signal indicating that the first solid-state relay 103 is disconnected and a signal indicating that the second solid-state relay 105 is turned on; the second operation includes: sequentially generating signals indicating that the main negative relay 102, the second solid-state relay 105 and the main positive relay 101 are disconnected.

[0166] The structure of the second detection unit and the structure of the third detection unit can refer to the relevant description in the above embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0167] In the case where the control circuit includes the second solid-state relay 105 , the control unit 1041 may sequentially perform the first operation and the second operation in response to either the collision signal or the thermal runaway signal.

[0168] In the above technical solution, the second detection unit and the third detection unit enable the control unit 1041 to be powered off in time when the vehicle collides or experiences thermal runaway, thereby improving the safety of the vehicle.

[0169] According to some embodiments of the present application, a load capacitor C1 is further connected to both ends of the battery, and the control module 104 is further configured to, in response to performing pre-charging for the load capacitor C1, output a preset PWM signal to the fourth drive unit 14; the fourth drive unit 14 is further configured to drive the second solid-state relay 105 to be disconnected or turned on according to the PWM signal.

[0170] During the pre-charging phase, the control unit 1041 generates a signal to turn on the main relay. The third driver unit 13 drives the main positive relay 101 to turn on in response to the signal from the control unit 1041 instructing it to do so. The control unit 1041 also generates a signal to turn off the first solid-state relay 103 and the main negative relay 102. The first and second driver units 11 and 12, respectively, drive the first solid-state relay 103 and the main negative relay 102 to turn off in response to the signal from the control unit 1041 instructing them to do so. The control unit 1041 outputs a set PWM signal to the fourth driver unit 14. Based on the PWM signal, the fourth driver unit 14 drives the second solid-state relay 105 to alternately turn on and off, pre-charging the load capacitor C1 while the second solid-state relay 105 is on. After the pre-charging phase is complete, the control unit 1041 stops outputting the PWM signal and outputs a signal to the fourth driver unit 14 instructing the second solid-state relay 105 to turn off, causing the fourth driver unit 14 to drive the second solid-state relay 105 off. In addition, the control unit 1041 also generates signals to drive the main negative relay 102 and the first solid-state relay 103 to turn on, so that the second drive unit 12 and the first drive unit 11 drive the main negative relay 102 and the first solid-state relay 103 to turn on in turn, thereby powering on the main circuit.

[0171] In response to the power-off instruction, the control unit 1041 performs the first operation and the second operation in sequence, and the first drive unit 11, the second drive unit 12, the third drive unit 13 and the fourth drive unit 14 drive the first solid-state relay 103, the second solid-state relay 105, the main negative relay 102 and the main positive relay 101 to be turned on and off based on the signals sent by the control unit 1041 in the first operation and the second operation.

[0172] In the above technical solution, the load capacitor C1 is pre-charged by the control unit 1041 and the fourth driving unit 14 , which can simplify the pre-charging method and the circuit.

[0173] An embodiment of the present application provides a battery system, including the control circuit in the above embodiment.

[0174] The battery system may include a battery, and the control circuit may be connected to the battery.

[0175] The battery system has the beneficial effects of the control circuit provided in the embodiments of the present application. For details, please refer to the description of the control circuit in the above embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0176] An embodiment of the present application provides an electrical device, including the battery system in the above embodiment, and the battery system supplies power to the electrical device.

[0177] For the electrical device, reference may be made to the relevant description in the above embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0178] An embodiment of the present application provides an energy storage device, which includes the battery system in the above embodiment, and the battery system is used to store electrical energy.

[0179] The energy storage device can refer to the relevant description in the above embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0180] Combined with reference Figure 2 、 Figure 10 as well as Figure 11 The present application provides a control method for controlling a battery, wherein the positive electrode of the battery is connected to a main positive relay 101, and the negative electrode of the battery is connected to a main negative relay 102 and a first solid-state relay 103 connected in series. The method includes:

[0181] Step 110 , in response to a power-on instruction, controlling the main positive relay 101 , the main negative relay 102 and the first solid-state relay 103 to be turned on;

[0182] Step 120 , in response to the power-off instruction, control the first solid-state relay 103 , the main negative relay 102 and the main positive relay 101 to be disconnected, wherein the first solid-state relay 103 is disconnected before the main negative relay 102 , and the main negative relay 102 is disconnected before the main positive relay 101 .

[0183] Step 110 and step 120 can be executed by the control module 104 in the above embodiment. The structure of the control module 104 and the related execution method can be referred to the description of the above embodiment and will not be repeated here.

[0184] Step 110 may include the following steps 1101 to 1104 .

[0185] In step 1101, the control module 104 receives a power-on instruction. The control module 104 may be a BMS.

[0186] In step 1102, the control module 104 performs a self-test. This self-test includes checking battery status, electrical connections, and hardware functionality. During the electrical connection test, the control module 104 can check whether the first solid-state relay 103, the main negative relay 102, and the main positive relay 101 are in normal operation. If a second solid-state relay 105 is connected in parallel across the series connection between the main negative relay 102 and the first solid-state relay 103, the control module 104 also checks whether the second solid-state relay 105 is in normal operation.

[0187] After the self-test passes, in step 1103 , the control module 104 pre-charges the load capacitor C1 connected to both ends of the battery.

[0188] After the pre-charging is completed, in step 1104, the control module 104 controls the main circuit where the battery is located to be powered on. In step 1104, the main positive relay 101, the main negative relay 102 and the first solid-state relay 103 are all turned on.

[0189] For the execution method of step 1103 and step 1104, reference may be made to the relevant description of the above embodiment.

[0190] In the above technical solution, first solid-state relay 103 is controlled to disconnect, reducing the current flowing through main negative relay 102, which is connected in series with first solid-state relay 103, to zero. Main negative relay 102 is then disconnected, which can, to a certain extent, avoid the problem of sticking of main negative relay 102. Furthermore, main negative relay 102 is controlled to disconnect before main positive relay 101. This delays the disconnection of main positive relay 101, which has the greatest arc energy, until the voltage of the main circuit where the battery resides decreases, thereby reducing the risk of arcing and sticking of main positive relay 101.

[0191] According to some embodiments of the present application, in response to a power-on instruction, controlling the main positive relay 101 , the main negative relay 102 and the first solid-state relay 103 to be turned on includes: controlling the main negative relay 102 to be turned on before the first solid-state relay 103 .

[0192] When the first solid-state relay 103 and the main negative relay 102 are connected in series to the negative pole of the battery and the second solid-state relay 105 is not connected, the above steps can be performed by the control module 104. The method for the control module 104 to perform the above steps can refer to the relevant description of the above embodiment and will not be repeated here.

[0193] In the above technical solution, closing the main negative relay 102 first can, to a certain extent, avoid the problem of a large surge current generated at the moment of power-on causing impact and damage to the first solid-state relay 103, thereby possibly improving the safety and reliability of power-on.

[0194] According to some embodiments of the present application, in response to a power-off instruction, controlling the first solid-state relay, the main negative relay and the main positive relay to be disconnected includes: controlling the first solid-state relay 103, the main negative relay 102 and the main positive relay 101 to be disconnected one by one in sequence.

[0195] When the first solid-state relay 103 and the main negative relay 102 are connected in series to the negative electrode of the battery and the second solid-state relay 105 is not connected, the above steps can be performed by the control module 104. The method for the control module 104 to perform the above steps can be referred to the relevant description of the above embodiment and will not be repeated here.

[0196] In the above technical solution, the first solid-state relay 103 is first disconnected, reducing the current flowing through the main negative relay 102 connected in series with the first solid-state relay 103 to zero. The main negative relay 102 is then disconnected, which can, to a certain extent, avoid the problem of sticking of the main negative relay 102. Finally, the main positive relay 101 is disconnected to isolate the load from the negative terminal of the battery. This reduces the risk of reverse voltage shock to electrical equipment caused by back electromotive force or residual charge generated by other components in the main circuit during the disconnection of the main positive relay 101, thereby improving the safety and reliability of power-off.

[0197] According to some embodiments of the present application, a second solid-state relay 105 is further connected in parallel to both ends of the series-connected main negative relay 102 and the first solid-state relay 103. The method further includes: in response to a power-on instruction, while the main positive relay 101, the main negative relay 102, and the first solid-state relay 103 are all controlled to be on, controlling the second solid-state relay 105 to be off;

[0198] In response to the power-off instruction, the first solid-state relay 103, the main negative relay 102 and the main positive relay 101 are controlled to be disconnected, including: performing step 1 and step 2 in sequence, wherein,

[0199] Step 1 includes: simultaneously controlling the first solid-state relay 103 to be disconnected and the second solid-state relay 105 to be connected;

[0200] Step 2 includes: controlling the main negative relay 102, the second solid-state relay 105 and the main positive relay 101 to be disconnected in sequence.

[0201] The above steps may be executed by the control module 104 . The method for the control module 104 to execute the above steps may refer to the relevant description of the above embodiment and will not be repeated here.

[0202] In this technical solution, at the moment first solid-state relay 103 disconnects, second solid-state relay 105 withstands the battery's high voltage for first solid-state relay 103, further reducing the risk of first solid-state relay 103 breaking down due to excessive voltage across its terminals at the moment of disconnection. After first solid-state relay 103 disconnects and second solid-state relay 105 turns on, the voltage across main negative relay 102 is zero. Disconnecting main negative relay 102 at this point can reduce the risk of sticking.

[0203] Combined with reference Figure 3 、 Figure 8 、 Figure 9 as well as Figure 12 According to some embodiments of the present application, when a load capacitor C1 is further connected to both ends of the battery, and a second solid-state relay 105 is further connected in parallel to both ends of the series-connected main negative relay 102 and the first solid-state relay 103, the method further includes: in response to a power-on instruction, controlling the main positive relay to conduct to pre-charge the load capacitor C1, and controlling the main negative relay and the first solid-state relay to conduct after the pre-charging is completed, that is, executing the above steps 1103 and 1104.

[0204] Step 1103 includes:

[0205] Step 11031, controlling the main positive relay 101 to be turned on, and controlling the main negative relay 102 and the first solid-state relay 103 to be turned off;

[0206] Step 11032: Control the second solid-state relay 105 to be turned on or off based on the preset PWM signal, so as to pre-charge the load capacitor C1 when the second solid-state relay 105 is turned on.

[0207] The above steps 11031 and 11032 may be executed by the control module 104. The method for the control module 104 to execute the above steps 11031 and 11032 may refer to the relevant description in the above embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0208] During step 11032, the control module 104 can detect in real time whether pre-charging is complete. If pre-charging is complete, step 1104 is executed. In step 1104, in response to the power-on instruction, the control module 104 controls the second solid-state relay 105 to be disconnected, and while maintaining the main positive relay 101 on, sequentially controls the main negative relay 102 and the first solid-state relay 103 to be turned on. If the control module 104 detects that pre-charging is not complete, it detects whether a pre-charging fault has occurred. If a pre-charging fault is detected, the second solid-state relay 105 is disconnected, and the fault type is recorded, stored, and reported.

[0209] In the above technical solution, the second solid-state relay 105 is controlled to be turned on or off based on a preset PWM signal to achieve pre-charging of the load capacitor C1, which can eliminate the pre-charging circuit and reduce costs. In addition, the control module 104 only needs to control the second solid-state relay 105 to be alternately turned on and off to achieve pre-charging, which can simplify the control method.

[0210] According to some embodiments of the present application, a power-off instruction is generated when the current flowing through the battery is greater than a preset value.

[0211] The battery can also be connected to a first detection unit 106, which is communicatively connected to a control unit 1041 in the control module 104. The first detection unit 106 is used to detect the current flowing through the battery, and in response to the current flowing through the battery being greater than a preset value, generates an overcurrent signal and sends it to the control unit 1041. The overcurrent signal can be used as a power-off instruction.

[0212] For example, when the first solid-state relay 103 and the main negative relay 102 are connected in series at the negative pole of the battery and the second solid-state relay 105 is not connected, the control unit 1041 can generate signals indicating that the first solid-state relay 103, the main negative relay 102 and the main positive relay 101 are disconnected in sequence in response to the overcurrent signal, and drive the first solid-state relay 103, the main negative relay 102 and the main positive relay 101 to disconnect in sequence through the first drive unit 11, the second drive unit 12 and the third drive unit 13 respectively.

[0213] For example, when the second solid-state relay 105 is connected in parallel across the series-connected main negative relay 102 and first solid-state relay 103, the control unit 1041 can also sequentially perform a first operation and a second operation in response to an overcurrent signal. The first operation includes simultaneously generating a signal indicating that the first solid-state relay 103 is disconnected and a signal indicating that the second solid-state relay 105 is turned on. The second operation includes sequentially generating signals indicating that the main negative relay 102, the second solid-state relay 105, and the main positive relay 101 are disconnected. The first drive unit 11, the second drive unit 12, the third drive unit 13, and the fourth drive unit 14 drive the first solid-state relay 103, the main negative relay 102, the main positive relay 101, and the second solid-state relay 105 to turn on and off, respectively, based on the signals generated by the control unit 1041 during the first and second operations.

[0214] The structure of the first detection unit 106, the way the first detection unit 106 detects the current of the battery, the cooperation between the control unit 1041 and the first detection unit 106, and the cooperation between the control unit 1041 and the first drive unit 11, the second drive unit 12, the third drive unit 13 and the fourth drive unit 14 can refer to the relevant description in the above embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0215] After the control unit 1041 controls the second solid-state relay 105 to disconnect in response to the overcurrent signal, the control unit 1041 may record the fault type and store it for reporting.

[0216] In the above technical solution, power can be cut off in time when overcurrent occurs in the main circuit where the battery is located, thereby improving the safety of battery charging and discharging.

[0217] According to some embodiments of the present application, a battery is used to power a vehicle and generate a power-off command in the event of a vehicle collision or thermal runaway.

[0218] The battery can also be connected to a second detection unit and a third detection unit. The second detection unit is communicatively connected to the control unit 1041. The second detection unit is used to detect whether the vehicle has a collision, and in response to a collision of the vehicle, generates a collision signal and sends it to the control unit 1041. The collision signal serves as a power-off instruction; the third detection unit is communicatively connected to the control unit 1041. The third detection unit is used to detect whether the vehicle has a thermal runaway, and in response to a thermal runaway of the vehicle, generates a thermal runaway signal and sends it to the control unit 1041. The thermal runaway signal serves as a power-off instruction.

[0219] Exemplarily, when the first solid-state relay 103 and the main negative relay 102 are connected in series at the negative pole of the battery and the second solid-state relay 105 is not connected, the control unit 1041 can respond to any one of the collision signal and the thermal runaway signal to generate signals instructing the first solid-state relay 103, the main negative relay 102 and the main positive relay 101 to be disconnected in sequence, and drive the first solid-state relay 103, the main negative relay 102 and the main positive relay 101 to be disconnected in sequence through the first drive unit 11, the second drive unit 12 and the third drive unit 13 respectively.

[0220] For example, when the series connection of the main negative relay 102 and the first solid-state relay 103 is coupled to a second solid-state relay 105 at both ends, the control unit 1041 may also sequentially execute a first operation and a second operation in response to either a crash signal or a thermal runaway signal. The first operation includes simultaneously generating a signal instructing the first solid-state relay 103 to disconnect and a signal instructing the second solid-state relay 105 to connect. The second operation includes sequentially generating signals instructing the main negative relay 102, the second solid-state relay 105, and the main positive relay 101 to disconnect. The first, second, third, and fourth drive units 11, 12, 13, and 14, based on the signals generated by the control unit 1041 during the first and second operations, respectively, drive the first solid-state relay 103, the main negative relay 102, the main positive relay 101, and the second solid-state relay 105 to turn on and off.

[0221] The structure of the second detection unit, the way the second detection unit detects collisions, the way the control unit 1041 cooperates with the second detection unit, and the way the control unit 1041 cooperates with the first drive unit 11, the second drive unit 12, the third drive unit 13 and the fourth drive unit 14 can be referred to the relevant descriptions in the above embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0222] The structure of the third detection unit, the way the third detection unit detects thermal runaway, the coordination between the control unit 1041 and the third detection unit, and the coordination between the control unit 1041 and the first drive unit 11, the second drive unit 12, the third drive unit 13 and the fourth drive unit 14 can be referred to the relevant description in the above embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0223] After the control unit 1041 controls the second solid-state relay 105 to be disconnected in response to either the collision signal or the thermal runaway signal, the control unit 1041 may record the fault type and store it for reporting.

[0224] In the above technical solution, power is promptly removed from the vehicle when a collision or thermal runaway occurs, thereby improving vehicle safety.

[0225] In other embodiments, the power-off instruction may also be issued autonomously by the user.

[0226] The embodiment of the present application provides a control circuit, which includes: a main positive relay 101, a main negative relay 102, a first solid-state relay 103, a second solid-state relay 105 and a control module 104. The main positive relay 101 is connected to the positive electrode of the battery to control the input and output of the positive electrode of the battery; the main negative relay 102 and the first solid-state relay 103 are connected in series and connected to the negative electrode of the battery to control the input and output of the negative electrode of the battery; the second solid-state relay 105 is connected in parallel with the main negative relay 102 and the first solid-state relay 103 connected in series. The control module 104 is configured to: in response to a power-on command, control the main positive relay 101 to close to pre-charge the load capacitor C1 at both ends of the battery, and after the pre-charging is completed, control the main negative relay 102 and the first solid-state relay 103 to turn on, so that the main positive relay 101, the main negative relay 102, and the first solid-state relay 103 are all turned on; in response to a power-off command, perform steps 1 and 2 in sequence. In step 1, the control module 104 simultaneously controls the first solid-state relay 103 to turn off and the second solid-state relay 105 to turn on. In step 2, the control module 104 controls the main negative relay 102, the second solid-state relay 105, and the main positive relay 101 to turn off in sequence. In this way, the first solid-state relay 103 can be turned off before the main negative relay 102, and the main negative relay 102 can be turned off before the main positive relay 101.

[0227] The withstand voltage capability of the second solid-state relay 105 is greater than that of the first solid-state relay 103 , and the conduction capability of the first solid-state relay 103 is greater than that of the second solid-state relay 105 .

[0228] Pre-charging the load capacitor C1 includes: the control module 104 controls the main positive relay 101 to be turned on, and controls the main negative relay 102 and the first solid-state relay 103 to be turned off; the control module 104 controls the second solid-state relay 105 to be turned on or off based on a preset PWM signal, so as to pre-charge the load capacitor C1 when the second solid-state relay 105 is turned on.

[0229] After the pre-charging is completed, the control module 104 can control the main negative relay 102 and the first solid-state relay 103 to be turned on in sequence according to a preset timing and event-driven mechanism, thereby powering on the main circuit.

[0230] The control module 104 includes a control unit 1041, a first drive unit 11, a second drive unit 12, a third drive unit 13, and a fourth drive unit 14. The control unit 1041 is configured to: generate signals indicating the on / off switching of the first solid-state relay 103, the main negative relay 102, and the main positive relay 101, respectively, in response to a power-on instruction or a power-off instruction; the first drive unit 11 is configured to drive the first solid-state relay 103 on / off according to the signal indicating the on / off switching of the first solid-state relay 103 generated by the control unit 1041; the second drive unit 12 is configured to drive the main negative relay 102 on / off according to the signal indicating the on / off switching of the main negative relay 102 generated by the control unit 1041; the third drive unit 13 is configured to drive the main positive relay 101 on / off according to the signal indicating the on / off switching of the main positive relay 101 generated by the control unit 1041; and the fourth drive unit 14 is configured to drive the second solid-state relay 105 on / off according to the signal indicating the on / off switching of the second solid-state relay 105 generated by the control unit 1041.

[0231] The control unit 1041 may be a BMU.

[0232] The first driving unit 11 includes a first high-side driving switch circuit 11a and a first push-pull driving circuit 11b. The fourth driving unit 14 includes a second high-side driving switch circuit 14a and a second push-pull driving circuit 14b.

[0233] The power-off instruction includes an overcurrent signal, and the control circuit further includes: a first detection unit 106, communicatively coupled to the control unit 1041. The first detection unit 106 is configured to detect the current flowing through the battery and, in response to the current flowing through the battery being greater than a preset value, generate an overcurrent signal and transmit it to the control unit 1041. When the battery is used to power the vehicle, the power-off instruction includes either a collision signal or a thermal runaway signal. The control circuit further includes: a second detection unit and a third detection unit. The second detection unit is communicatively coupled to the control unit 1041. The second detection unit is configured to detect whether the vehicle has been involved in a collision and, in response to a collision, generate a collision signal and transmit it to the control unit 1041. The third detection unit is communicatively coupled to the control unit 1041. The third detection unit is configured to detect whether the vehicle has experienced thermal runaway and, in response to a thermal runaway, generate a thermal runaway signal and transmit it to the control unit 1041.

[0234] The control unit 1041 is configured to: in response to any one of the overcurrent signal, the collision signal and the thermal runaway signal, sequentially perform a first operation and a second operation; wherein the first operation includes: simultaneously generating a signal indicating that the first solid-state relay 103 is disconnected and a signal indicating that the second solid-state relay 105 is turned on; the second operation includes: sequentially generating signals indicating that the main negative relay 102, the second solid-state relay 105 and the main positive relay 101 are disconnected.

[0235] The first detection unit 106 may include a current sensor 1061 and a collection chip 1062. The current sensor 1061 detects the current flowing through the battery, and the collection chip 1062 is connected to the current sensor 1061 and is used to collect the current detected by the current sensor 1061. The current sensor 1061 may be a shunt, and the collection chip 1062 may be an AFE.

[0236] The control circuit further includes a second detection unit and a third detection unit. The second detection unit is communicatively connected to the control unit 1041 and is configured to detect whether the vehicle has experienced a collision. In response to a collision, the second detection unit generates a collision signal and transmits it to the control unit 1041. The third detection unit is communicatively connected to the control unit 1041 and is configured to detect whether the vehicle has experienced thermal runaway. In response to a thermal runaway, the third detection unit generates a thermal runaway signal and transmits it to the control unit 1041. The control unit 1041 is configured to, in response to either the collision signal or the thermal runaway signal, sequentially generate signals instructing the first solid-state relay 103, the main negative relay 102, and the main positive relay 101 to disconnect.

[0237] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some or all of the technical features therein. These modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and they should all be included in the scope of the claims and specification of the present application. In particular, as long as there is no structural conflict, the various technical features mentioned in the various embodiments can be combined in any way. The present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions that fall within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A control circuit, characterized in that: include: A main positive relay, connected to the positive electrode of the battery, for controlling the input and output of the positive electrode of the battery; a main negative relay and a first solid-state relay, wherein the main negative relay and the first solid-state relay are connected in series and connected to the negative electrode of the battery to control the input and output of the negative electrode of the battery; a second solid-state relay, the second solid-state relay being connected in parallel with the main negative relay and the first solid-state relay connected in series; A control module configured to: In response to a power-on instruction, controlling the main positive relay, the main negative relay, and the first solid-state relay to be turned on, during which the second solid-state relay is controlled to be turned off; In response to a power-off instruction, the first solid-state relay, the main negative relay and the main positive relay are controlled to be disconnected, wherein the first solid-state relay is disconnected before the main negative relay, and the main negative relay is disconnected before the main positive relay; while controlling the first solid-state relay to be disconnected, the second solid-state relay is controlled to be turned on, and the second solid-state relay is disconnected after the main negative relay is disconnected.

2. The control circuit according to claim 1, wherein: The control module is further configured to, in response to the power-on instruction, control the main negative relay to be turned on before the first solid-state relay.

3. The control circuit according to claim 1, wherein: The control module is configured to, in response to the power-off instruction, control the first solid-state relay, the main negative relay, and the main positive relay to be disconnected one by one in sequence.

4. The control circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that: The voltage resistance of the second solid-state relay is greater than that of the first solid-state relay, and the conduction capability of the first solid-state relay is greater than that of the second solid-state relay.

5. The control circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that: The two ends of the battery are also connected to a load capacitor, and the control module is further configured to: in response to the power-on instruction, control the main positive relay to be turned on to perform pre-charging of the load capacitor, and control the main negative relay and the first solid-state relay to be turned on after the pre-charging is completed; wherein, Precharging the load capacitor includes: The control module controls the main positive relay to be turned on, and controls the main negative relay and the first solid-state relay to be turned off; The control module controls the second solid-state relay to be turned on or off based on a preset PWM signal, so as to pre-charge the load capacitor when the second solid-state relay is turned on.

6. The control circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The control module includes: a control unit configured to: generate signals indicating turning on and off the first solid-state relay, the main negative relay, and the main positive relay, respectively, in response to the power-on instruction or the power-off instruction; a first driving unit, configured to drive the first solid-state relay to be turned on and off according to a signal generated by the control unit to instruct the first solid-state relay to be turned on and off; a second driving unit, configured to drive the main negative relay to be turned on and off according to a signal instructing the main negative relay to be turned on and off generated by the control unit; The third driving unit is used to drive the main positive relay to be turned on and off according to the signal generated by the control unit to instruct the main positive relay to be turned on and off.

7. The control circuit according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first driving unit includes: A first high-side driver switch circuit is connected to the control unit and is configured to: adjust the signal generated by the control unit to indicate the first solid-state relay is turned on or off and then output a corresponding level signal; A first push-pull drive circuit, wherein the input end of the first push-pull drive circuit is connected to the first high-side drive switch circuit, and the output end is connected to the first solid-state relay, and the first push-pull drive circuit is configured to: drive the first solid-state relay to be turned on and off based on the level signal output by the first high-side drive switch circuit.

8. The control circuit according to claim 6, wherein: The power-off instruction includes an overcurrent signal, and the control circuit further includes: a first detection unit, communicatively connected to the control unit, configured to detect a current flowing through the battery and, in response to the current flowing through the battery being greater than a preset value, generate an overcurrent signal and send it to the control unit; The control unit is configured to sequentially generate signals instructing the first solid-state relay, the main negative relay, and the main positive relay to be disconnected in response to the overcurrent signal.

9. The control circuit according to claim 6, characterized in that: In a case where the battery is used to power a vehicle, the power-off instruction includes any one of a collision signal and a thermal runaway signal, and the control circuit further includes: a second detection unit, communicatively connected to the control unit, the second detection unit being configured to detect whether the vehicle has collided, and in response to the vehicle having collided, generate a collision signal and send it to the control unit; a third detection unit, communicatively connected to the control unit, the third detection unit being configured to detect whether thermal runaway occurs in the vehicle, and in response to thermal runaway occurring in the vehicle, generate a thermal runaway signal and send it to the control unit; The control unit is configured to, in response to either the collision signal or the thermal runaway signal, sequentially generate signals instructing the first solid-state relay, the main negative relay, and the main positive relay to be disconnected.

10. The control circuit according to claim 6, characterized in that: In the case where the control circuit further includes: a second solid-state relay, wherein the second solid-state relay is connected in parallel with the main negative relay and the first solid-state relay connected in series, the control unit is further configured to: generate a signal indicating whether the second solid-state relay is turned on or off in response to the power-on instruction or the power-off instruction; The control module further includes: The fourth driving unit is configured to drive the second solid-state relay to be turned on and off according to the signal generated by the control unit to instruct the second solid-state relay to be turned on and off.

11. The control circuit according to claim 10, characterized in that: The fourth driving unit includes: A second high-side driver switch circuit is connected to the control unit and is configured to: adjust the signal generated by the control unit to indicate the second solid-state relay is turned on or off and then output a corresponding level signal; A second push-pull drive circuit, wherein the input end of the second push-pull drive circuit is connected to the second high-side drive switch circuit, and the output end is connected to the second solid-state relay, and the second push-pull drive circuit is configured to: drive the second solid-state relay on and off based on the level signal output by the second high-side drive switch circuit.

12. The control circuit according to claim 10, characterized in that: The power-off instruction includes an overcurrent signal, and the control circuit further includes: a first detection unit, communicatively connected to the control unit, configured to detect a current flowing through the battery and, in response to the current flowing through the battery being greater than a preset value, generate an overcurrent signal and send it to the control unit; The control unit is configured to: in response to the overcurrent signal, sequentially perform a first operation and a second operation; wherein, The first operation includes: simultaneously generating a signal indicating that the first solid-state relay is disconnected and a signal indicating that the second solid-state relay is turned on; The second operation includes sequentially generating signals instructing the main negative relay, the second solid-state relay, and the main positive relay to be disconnected.

13. The control circuit according to claim 10, characterized in that: In a case where the battery is used to power a vehicle, the power-off instruction includes any one of a collision signal and a thermal runaway signal, and the control circuit further includes: a second detection unit, communicatively connected to the control unit, the second detection unit being configured to detect whether the vehicle has collided, and in response to the vehicle having collided, generate a collision signal and send it to the control unit; a third detection unit, communicatively connected to the control unit, the third detection unit being configured to detect whether thermal runaway occurs in the vehicle, and in response to thermal runaway occurring in the vehicle, generate a thermal runaway signal and send it to the control unit; The control unit is configured to: in response to either the collision signal or the thermal runaway signal, sequentially perform a first operation and a second operation; wherein, The first operation includes: simultaneously generating a signal indicating that the first solid-state relay is disconnected and a signal indicating that the second solid-state relay is turned on; The second operation includes sequentially generating signals instructing the main negative relay, the second solid-state relay, and the main positive relay to be disconnected.

14. The control circuit according to claim 10, wherein: A load capacitor is further connected to both ends of the battery, and the control module is further configured to, in response to performing pre-charging for the load capacitor, output a preset PWM signal to the fourth driving unit; The fourth driving unit is further configured to drive the second solid-state relay to be turned off or on according to the PWM signal.

15. A battery system, characterized in that: The control circuit comprises the control circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 14.

16. An electrical device, characterized in that: The battery system according to claim 15 is provided to supply power to the electrical device.

17. An energy storage device, characterized in that: The energy storage device comprises the battery system according to claim 15, wherein the battery system is used to store electrical energy.

18. A control method for controlling a battery, characterized in that: The positive electrode of the battery is connected to a main positive relay, the negative electrode of the battery is connected to a main negative relay and a first solid-state relay connected in series, and a second solid-state relay is further connected in parallel to both ends of the main negative relay and the first solid-state relay connected in series. The method includes: In response to a power-on instruction, controlling the main positive relay, the main negative relay, and the first solid-state relay to be turned on, during which the second solid-state relay is controlled to be turned off; In response to the power-off instruction, the first solid-state relay, the main negative relay, and the main positive relay are controlled to be disconnected, wherein the first solid-state relay is disconnected before the main negative relay, and the main negative relay is disconnected before the main positive relay; step 1 and step 2 are performed in sequence, wherein, The step 1 includes: simultaneously controlling the first solid-state relay to be disconnected and the second solid-state relay to be connected; The second step includes: controlling the main negative relay, the second solid-state relay and the main positive relay to be disconnected in sequence.

19. The method according to claim 18, characterized in that The controlling the main positive relay, the main negative relay, and the first solid-state relay to be turned on in response to the power-on instruction includes: controlling the main negative relay to be turned on before the first solid-state relay.

20. The method according to claim 18, wherein The controlling the first solid-state relay, the main negative relay, and the main positive relay to be disconnected in response to the power-off instruction includes controlling the first solid-state relay, the main negative relay, and the main positive relay to be disconnected one by one in sequence.

21. The method according to claim 20, characterized in that The battery is further connected to a load capacitor at both ends. The method further comprises: in response to the power-on instruction, controlling the main positive relay to conduct to pre-charge the load capacitor, and controlling the main negative relay and the first solid-state relay to conduct after the pre-charging is completed; Precharging the load capacitor includes: Controlling the main positive relay to be turned on, and controlling the main negative relay and the first solid-state relay to be turned off; The second solid-state relay is controlled to be turned on or off based on a preset PWM signal, so as to pre-charge the load capacitor when the second solid-state relay is turned on.

22. The method according to any one of claims 18 to 21, characterized in that When the current flowing through the battery is greater than a preset value, the power-off instruction is generated.

23. The method according to any one of claims 18 to 21, characterized in that The battery is used to power the vehicle, and generates the power-off instruction in the event of a collision or thermal runaway of the vehicle.

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