Temperature-vibration composite energy collection device and power supply system

Abstract

The invention discloses a temperature-vibration composite energy acquisition device and a power supply system. The temperature-vibration composite energy acquisition device comprises a miniature thermoelectric power generation unit and a friction nano generator, wherein the micro thermoelectric power generation unit is used for converting the temperature difference between the surface temperature of the power transmission line and the environment temperature into electric energy, the friction nanometer generator is used for converting mechanical energy of the power transmission line into electric energy, the friction nanometer generator can serve as a standby power supply, and the micro thermoelectric power generation unit serves as a main power supply. A hybrid power supply strategy of cooperative work of a main power supply and a standby power supply is realized, heat energy and mechanical energy are used for supplying power to sensors distributed in all links of a power transmission network, the continuous power supply time of a temperature-vibration composite acquisition device can be prolonged, and uninterrupted power supply to a power utilization device is facilitated to meet the power supply requirement of a sensing node of a power system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of power generation, and in particular to a temperature-vibration composite energy harvesting device and a power supply system. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of the Internet of Electric Power, a large number of sensing and monitoring nodes are distributed in various links of the power system to monitor the operating state of power equipment and ambient environment parameters in real time, ensuring the safe and stable operation of the equipment. In the engineering environment of the power transmission system, the traditional power supply method can no longer meet the power supply requirements of the sensing nodes in the power system, and the power supply problem of the explosively growing wireless sensing nodes has become a bottleneck restricting the construction of the power system sensing network. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present application provides a temperature-vibration composite energy harvesting method and device, which can utilize thermal energy and mechanical energy to supply power to sensors distributed in various links of the power transmission network to meet the power supply requirements of the sensing nodes in the power system.

[0004] In a first aspect, a temperature-vibration composite energy harvesting device is provided, including:

[0005] A micro thermoelectric power generation unit and a triboelectric nanogenerator; wherein, the micro thermoelectric power generation unit is used to convert the temperature difference between the surface temperature of the transmission line and the ambient temperature into electrical energy, and the triboelectric nanogenerator is used to convert the mechanical energy of the transmission line into electrical energy.

[0006] Optionally, the micro thermoelectric power generation unit includes a locking mechanism and a micro thermoelectric power generator;

[0007] Wherein, the locking mechanism includes an upper cover plate and a lower cover plate, and the upper cover plate is connected to the lower cover plate; the micro thermoelectric power generator is a composite material layer with a PN junction, and the composite material layer is stacked on the outer side wall facing away from the upper cover plate.

[0008] Optionally, heat sinks are arranged at intervals on the side of the composite material layer facing away from the upper cover plate.

[0009] Optionally, the composite material layer is sequentially provided with a flexible substrate and a power generation unit layer from top to bottom, heat sinks are arranged at intervals on the side of the flexible substrate facing away from the power generation unit layer, the power generation unit layer includes a P-type thermoelectric arm and an N-type thermoelectric arm, and the P-type thermoelectric arm and the N-type thermoelectric arm are connected through the flexible substrate.

[0010] Optionally, the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate are semi-circular plates; through holes are respectively arranged on both sides of the upper cover plate, convex plates are respectively arranged on both sides of the lower cover plate, and the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate are connected through the through holes and the convex plates.

[0011] Optionally, the triboelectric nanogenerator includes a main body frame, a spring, a metal sheet, and a mass block;

[0012] Wherein, the spring passes through the mass block, one end of the spring is connected to the top of the main body frame, the other end of the spring is connected to the bottom of the main body frame, the metal sheets are arranged on both sides of the main body frame, and independent triboelectric layers are arranged on the surfaces of the mass block opposite to both sides of the main body frame.

[0013] Optionally, the metal sheet is copper foil or aluminum foil.

[0014] Optionally, the independent triboelectric layer is polytetrafluoroethylene film or polydimethylsiloxane.

[0015] In a second aspect, a power supply system is provided, including the temperature-vibration composite energy harvesting device according to any one of the first aspects described above, a power management circuit, and an electrical device. The power management circuit is respectively connected to the temperature-vibration composite energy harvesting device and the electrical device. The power management circuit stores the electric energy generated by the temperature-vibration composite energy harvesting device and supplies power to the electrical device.

[0016] Optionally, the electrical device is a monitoring sensor installed on a power transmission line.

[0017] The present application provides a temperature-vibration composite energy harvesting device and a power supply system. The temperature-vibration composite energy harvesting device includes a micro thermoelectric power generation unit and a triboelectric nanogenerator. Wherein, the micro thermoelectric power generation unit is used to convert the temperature difference between the surface temperature of the power transmission line and the ambient temperature into electric energy, and the triboelectric nanogenerator is used to convert the mechanical energy of the power transmission line into electric energy. The triboelectric nanogenerator can be used as a backup power source and the micro thermoelectric power generation unit can be used as the main power source to implement a hybrid power supply strategy of the main power source and the backup power source working together, and use thermal energy and mechanical energy to supply power to sensors distributed in various links of the power grid, which can extend the continuous power supply time of the temperature-vibration composite harvesting device, is beneficial to realizing uninterrupted power supply to the electrical device, and meets the power supply requirements of the sensing nodes in the power system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0019] Figure 1 It is a side view structure diagram of the temperature-vibration composite energy harvesting device provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0020] Figure 2 The front view structural diagram of the temperature-vibration composite energy harvesting device provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Figure 3 The structural schematic diagram of the composite material layer in the thermoelectric power generation unit provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 4 The connection schematic diagram of the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 5 The overall operation strategy schematic diagram of the power supply system provided by the embodiment of the present application.

[0024] Explanation of the reference numerals in the drawings:

[0025] 10. Micro thermoelectric power generation unit; 11. Upper cover plate; 12. Lower cover plate; 13. Micro thermoelectric generator; 14. Heat sink; 110. Through hole; 120. Convex plate; 130. Flexible substrate; 131. P-type thermoelectric arm; 132. N-type thermoelectric arm; 20. Triboelectric nanogenerator; 21. Main body frame; 22. Spring; 23. Metal sheet; 24. Mass block. Detailed implementation manners

[0026] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts based on the embodiments of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

[0027] The terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present invention and the above drawings are used to distinguish different objects, rather than to describe a specific order. In addition, the terms "include" and "have" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but optionally further includes steps or units not listed, or optionally further includes other steps or units inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0028] Referring to "embodiment" or "embodiment" herein means that a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. The appearance of this phrase in various positions in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. Those skilled in the art will explicitly and implicitly understand that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0029] In addition, the described features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. In the following description, numerous specific details are provided to give a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the present application. However, those skilled in the art will realize that the technical solutions of the present application may be practiced without one or more of the specific details, or other methods, components, devices, steps, etc. may be adopted. In other cases, well-known methods, devices, implementations, or operations are not shown or described in detail to avoid obscuring aspects of the present application.

[0030] The block diagrams shown in the drawings are only functional entities and do not necessarily correspond to physically independent entities. That is, these functional entities may be implemented in software form, or implemented in one or more hardware modules or integrated circuits, or implemented in different networks and / or processor devices and / or microcontroller devices.

[0031] The flowcharts shown in the drawings are only illustrative and do not necessarily include all the content and operations / steps, nor are they necessarily executed in the described order. For example, some operations / steps may be decomposed, while some operations / steps may be combined or partially combined, so the actual execution order may change according to the actual situation.

[0032] With the rapid development of the Internet of Things for electricity, a large number of sensing and monitoring nodes are distributed in various links of the power system to monitor the operating status of power equipment and ambient environment parameters in real time, ensuring the safe and stable operation of the equipment. The traditional power supply method has gradually been unable to meet the power supply requirements of the sensing nodes in the power system, and the power supply problem of the explosively growing wireless sensing nodes has become a bottleneck restricting the construction of the power system sensing network. In the engineering environment of the power transmission system, solar energy, electromagnetic energy, vibration energy, wind energy, etc. can all be utilized. For example, the rich thermal energy and mechanical energy stored around high-voltage transmission towers can not only supply power to the sensors distributed in various links of the transmission network, but also provide potential feasibility for real-time sensing of multiple wind directions to evaluate the micro-vibration of transmission lines caused by wind excitation. In view of this, the present application provides a temperature-vibration composite energy harvesting device, including: a micro thermoelectric power generation unit and a triboelectric nanogenerator; wherein, the micro thermoelectric power generation unit is used to convert the temperature difference between the surface temperature of the transmission line and the ambient temperature into electrical energy, and the triboelectric nanogenerator is used to convert the mechanical energy of the transmission line into electrical energy.

[0033] Please refer to Figures 1 to 2 , Figures 1 to 2 which is a schematic structural diagram of the temperature-vibration composite energy harvesting device provided by the embodiment of the present invention. The temperature-vibration composite energy harvesting device includes: a micro thermoelectric power generation unit 10 and a triboelectric nanogenerator 20.

[0034] Among them, the micro thermoelectric power generation unit 10 is used to convert the temperature difference between the surface temperature of the transmission line and the ambient temperature into electrical energy, and the triboelectric nanogenerator 20 is used to convert the mechanical energy of the transmission line into electrical energy.

[0035] The micro thermoelectric power generation unit 10 is based on the Seebeck effect and uses the temperature difference between the surface temperature of the transmission line and the ambient temperature to generate electrical energy. The micro thermoelectric power generation unit 10 is usually composed of thermoelectric materials (such as bismuth telluride) and can directly convert the temperature difference into electrical energy. The micro thermoelectric power generation unit 10 forms a temperature difference between the hot end and the cold end, prompting electrons to migrate from the hot end to the cold end, thereby generating an electric current.

[0036] The triboelectric nanogenerator 20 can convert the mechanical energy of the transmission line (such as vibration, wind power, etc.) into electrical energy. Specifically, the triboelectric nanogenerator 20 is based on contact electrification and electrostatic effects. When two different materials come into contact and separate, charge separation occurs. The triboelectric nanogenerator 20 collects vibration energy mainly based on the triboelectric effect and electrostatic induction. When the surfaces of two different materials come into contact and separate, due to the difference in electronegativity between the different materials, charges will transfer between the surfaces of the two different materials. For example, when PDMS (polydimethylsiloxane) comes into contact with aluminum foil, PDMS will gain electrons and carry a negative charge, while aluminum foil will lose electrons and carry a positive charge. This charge transfer continuously occurs during the contact-separation process, forming a potential difference. When the two charged surfaces separate, a potential difference will be formed between them. If these two surfaces are respectively connected to electrodes, the potential difference will drive the charges to move between the electrodes, thereby generating an electric current. In this way, mechanical energy (such as vibration) is converted into electrical energy. In this application, the triboelectric nanogenerator 20 can respond to external vibrations. For example, affected by wind loads on the transmission line, the transmission line will vibrate continuously. By installing the triboelectric nanogenerator 20 near the vibration source on the transmission line, the vibration will cause the friction layer of the triboelectric nanogenerator 20 to undergo periodic contact and separation, thereby being able to efficiently convert the vibration energy into electrical energy.

[0037] In an application scenario, the temperature-vibration composite energy harvesting device can be installed on the transmission line to generate electricity using the temperature difference between the line surface and the environment to provide stable power for sensors in all links of the power transmission network, and / or generate electricity using the mechanical energy of the transmission line to supply power to sensors distributed in all links of the power grid. In this way, the continuous power supply time of the temperature-vibration composite harvesting device can be extended, which is beneficial to achieving uninterrupted power supply to the electrical devices to meet the power supply requirements of the sensing nodes in the power system.

[0038] Optionally, the micro thermoelectric power generation unit 10 and the triboelectric nanogenerator 20 can be fixedly connected (such as welded) or non-fixedly connected.

[0039] Optionally, the triboelectric nanogenerator 20 can be used as a backup power source, and the micro thermoelectric generator 13 can be used as the main power source to form a hybrid power supply strategy in which the two work together, extending the continuous power supply time of the temperature-vibration composite energy harvesting device and providing uninterrupted power supply for the monitoring sensors on the transmission line.

[0040] In one embodiment, please refer to Figures 1 to 2 , the micro thermoelectric generation unit 10 includes a locking mechanism and a micro thermoelectric generator 13.

[0041] Among them, the locking mechanism includes an upper cover plate 11 and a lower cover plate 12, and the upper cover plate 11 is connected to the lower cover plate 12; the micro thermoelectric generator 13 is a composite material layer with a PN junction, and the composite material layers are stacked on the outer side wall facing away from the upper cover plate 11. Through the above connection, the micro thermoelectric generation unit 10 can be installed and fixed on the transmission line through the upper cover plate 11 and the lower cover plate 12, that is, the transmission line is clamped between the upper cover plate 11 and the lower cover plate 12 to ensure the stability of the micro power generation unit during operation, thereby ensuring the stability of the temperature-vibration composite harvesting device.

[0042] Optionally, the upper cover plate 11 and the lower cover plate 12 can be connected by fasteners such as screws and bolts.

[0043] The composite material layer with a PN junction is a structure that utilizes the combination of P-type and N-type semiconductor materials to achieve specific electrical properties. In a P-type semiconductor, holes are the majority carriers, while electrons are the minority carriers; in an N-type semiconductor, electrons are the majority carriers, and holes are the minority carriers. When the P-type and N-type semiconductors are in contact, electrons and holes will diffuse and recombine at the contact surface to form a depletion layer, and at the same time generate a built-in electric field, and the direction of this electric field can be from the N region to the P region. In the composite material layer, the PN junction can be formed by various methods, such as diffusion method, ion implantation method, vapor and liquid phase epitaxial growth method, etc. In this application, the temperature difference voltage between the surface temperature of the transmission line and the ambient temperature is used to generate thermoelectric power through the composite material layer with a PN junction by the Seebeck effect. The minimum power generation unit of the micro thermoelectric generator 13 includes a composite material layer including a PN junction. The operating temperature on the transmission line is about 70 degrees Celsius, and the micro thermoelectric generator 13 can convert thermal energy into electrical energy by using the temperature difference between the surface temperature of the transmission line and the outside temperature.

[0044] In one embodiment, heat sinks 14 are arranged at intervals on the side of the composite material layer facing away from the upper cover plate 11.

[0045] The heat sink 14 is usually made of a material with good thermal conductivity (such as aluminum or copper), which can quickly conduct the heat of the composite material layer to the surface of the heat sink 14, ensuring the stability of the temperature at the cold end (i.e., the outside), thereby further increasing the temperature difference, which is beneficial to maintaining a stable temperature difference and improving the power generation efficiency.

[0046] The shape of the heat sink 14 can be rectangular, circular, oval, droplet-shaped, fin-shaped, etc. Preferably, a fin-shaped heat sink is adopted in this application. The fin-shaped heat sink design has the advantages of being lighter and smaller in volume, and at the same time has a higher volume efficiency. More importantly, it has an isotropic direction. The appearance of the fin-shaped heat sink can be divided into rectangular, circular and oval. The rectangular heat sink is cut transversely by aluminum extrusion, and the circular one can be formed by forging or casting.

[0047] The heat sinks 14 can be arranged evenly or non-uniformly on the side of the composite material layer facing away from the upper cover plate 11.

[0048] The heat sinks 14 can be arranged on the side of the composite material layer facing away from the upper cover plate 11 by means of welding fixation, screw connection or elastic member fixation, etc.

[0049] In an alternative embodiment, please refer to Figure 3 , the composite material layer is sequentially provided with a flexible substrate 130 and a power generation unit layer from top to bottom. The heat sinks 14 are arranged at intervals on the side of the flexible substrate 130 facing away from the power generation unit layer. The power generation unit layer includes a P-type thermoelectric arm 131 and an N-type thermoelectric arm 132, and the P-type thermoelectric arm 131 and the N-type thermoelectric arm 132 are connected through the flexible substrate 130.

[0050] Among them, the flexible substrate 130 may include a silicone layer and other flexible materials. Specifically, a PI / CU layer is covered on the side of the silicone layer of the flexible substrate 130 facing the upper cover plate 11. The flexible substrate 130 has good flexibility and thermal conductivity, can closely fit the surface of the heat source, reduce the thermal resistance, and improve the thermoelectric conversion efficiency.

[0051] Optionally, the power generation unit layer can implement the P-type thermoelectric arm 131 and the N-type thermoelectric arm 132 based on Bi2Te3 material. Optionally, Te element is doped in Bi2Te3 as the P-type thermoelectric material in this application to form the P-type thermoelectric arm 131, and Se element is doped in Bi2Te3 as the N-type thermoelectric material to form the N-type thermoelectric arm 132.

[0052] The PI / CU layer generally refers to a material layer composed of polyimide (PI) and copper (Cu). The silica gel layer, PI layer, and Cu layer are sequentially stacked on the side of the power generation unit layer away from the upper cover plate 11. The PI layer can provide good flexibility and mechanical support, enabling the micro thermoelectric power generation unit 10 to adapt to complex shapes and movements. It has good electrical insulation performance, can prevent current leakage, and improve the electrical performance of the micro thermoelectric power generation unit 10. The CU layer, as a conduction path, can effectively transmit current to ensure the electrical performance of the micro thermoelectric power generation unit 10. In addition, the high thermal conductivity of copper helps with heat dissipation and can improve the thermal stability of the micro thermoelectric power generation unit 10. By closely attaching the P-type thermoelectric arm 131 and the N-type thermoelectric arm 132 to the surface of the PI / CU layer, it is beneficial to improve the thermoelectric conversion efficiency.

[0053] Please refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 4 In one embodiment, the upper cover plate 11 and the lower cover plate 12 are semi-circular plates; through holes 110 are respectively provided on both sides of the upper cover plate 11, and convex plates 120 are respectively provided on both sides of the lower cover plate 12. The upper cover plate 11 and the lower cover plate 12 are connected through the through holes 110 and the convex plates 120.

[0054] Both the upper cover plate 11 and the lower cover plate 12 are semi-circular plates, and this design makes the whole structure more compact and suitable for installation on the surface of circular or semi-circular power transmission lines.

[0055] Optionally, the convex plate 120 can be a triangular convex plate 120. Specifically, through holes 110 are respectively provided on both sides of the upper cover plate 11, and triangular convex plates 120 are respectively provided on both sides of the lower cover plate 12. By inserting the triangular convex plates 120 of the lower cover plate 12 into the through holes 110 of the upper cover plate 11, the connection between the two is realized. The connection method of the through holes 110 and the convex plates 120 reduces additional connection components, simplifies the installation process, and facilitates the disassembly and installation of the temperature-vibration composite energy harvesting device.

[0056] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The triboelectric nanogenerator 20 includes a main body frame 21, a spring 22, a metal sheet 23, and a mass block 24;

[0057] Among them, the spring 22 passes through the mass block 24. One end of the spring 22 is connected to the top of the main body frame 21, and the other end of the spring 22 is connected to the bottom of the main body frame 21. The metal sheet 23 is arranged on both sides of the main body frame 21. Independent triboelectric layers are provided on the surfaces of the mass block 24 opposite to the two sides of the main body frame 21.

[0058] Please refer toFigure 1 and Figure 2 As shown in Figure 2 , the main body frame 21 can be composed of four parts: upper, lower, left, and right, and the four parts are integrally connected. The left and right parts are rectangular and are arranged in a counter-supporting manner. Metal sheets 23 are respectively pasted on the sides of the left and right parts facing the mass block 24; the bottom of the main body frame 21 is rectangular, and the left and right sides of the bottom are respectively fixedly connected to the bottoms of the left and right sides; the bottom is an arc surface, which can be tightly attached to the lower cover plate 12 of the micro-thermoelectric power generation unit 10, which is beneficial to improving the structural stability of the temperature-vibration composite energy harvesting unit.

[0059] The main body frame 21 can be made of lightweight and strong materials, such as aluminum alloy or carbon fiber, to ensure the structural stability and durability while reducing the weight.

[0060] The four parts of the main body frame 21, namely upper, lower, left, and right, can be integrally connected by welding, bolt connection, or using special adhesives to ensure the strength and reliability of the connection.

[0061] The mass block 24 can be made of steel and serve as a fixed independent triboelectric layer and electrode. In one embodiment, the independent triboelectric layer is a material with good triboelectric properties, for example, polytetrafluoroethylene film or polydimethylsiloxane.

[0062] The metal sheets 23 can be arranged on both sides of the main body frame 21 facing the mass block 24 by pasting. In one embodiment, the metal sheets 23 can be materials with good electrical conductivity, such as copper foil or aluminum foil.

[0063] In this way, when the micro-thermoelectric power generation unit 10 is fixedly connected to the triboelectric nanogenerator 20, by clamping the power transmission line with the micro-thermoelectric power generation unit 10, when the power transmission line is blown by the breeze and generates vibration, the spring 22 passing through the mass block 24 drives the mass block 24 to vibrate, so that the independent triboelectric layer on the surface of the mass block 24 contacts and separates from the surface of the metal sheet 23. Due to the difference in electronegativity between the independent triboelectric layer and the metal sheet 23, charges will transfer between the surfaces of the independent triboelectric layer and the metal sheet 23. For example, when polydimethylsiloxane and aluminum foil come into contact, polydimethylsiloxane will gain electrons and carry negative charges, while aluminum foil will lose electrons and carry positive charges. This charge transfer continuously occurs during the contact-separation process, forming a potential difference. If these two surfaces are respectively connected to electrodes, the potential difference will drive the charges to move between the electrodes, thus generating an electric current. Thus, mechanical energy (such as vibration) is converted into electrical energy.

[0064] In an application scenario, a temperature-vibration composite energy harvesting device can be installed on the high-voltage tower of a transmission line. The temperature-vibration composite energy harvesting device harvests the thermal energy and mechanical energy of the high-voltage tower and converts them into electrical energy. The converted electrical energy can supply power to each sensor monitoring node of the power system or can be stored for power supply when needed by each sensor monitoring node.

[0065] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 5 , a power supply system is provided. The power supply system includes: the temperature-vibration composite energy harvesting device described in any of the above embodiments, a power management circuit, and an electrical device. The power management circuit is respectively connected to the temperature-vibration composite energy harvesting device and the electrical device. The power management circuit stores the electrical energy generated by the temperature-vibration composite energy harvesting device and supplies power to the electrical device.

[0066] In one embodiment, the electrical device is a monitoring sensor installed on the transmission line. The monitoring sensor can be a mechanical sensor or an electronic sensor.

[0067] Optionally, the monitoring sensor can be a temperature sensor. The temperature sensor on the transmission line is mainly used to monitor the temperature changes of the conductor, clamp, and fittings, which is crucial for the safe operation of the power system. When the conductor temperature is too high, it will accelerate the aging of the conductor, reduce the insulation performance, and may even cause serious accidents such as short circuits and fires, threatening the safe operation of the power grid. The temperature sensor can monitor the temperature status of the transmission line in real time.

[0068] The monitoring sensor can also be a wind speed and direction sensor and a vibration sensor. The wind speed and direction sensor is used to monitor the wind vector, that is, the wind speed and direction; the vibration sensor is used to monitor the vibration characteristics of the transmission line.

[0069] The temperature-vibration composite energy harvesting device includes a micro thermoelectric power generation unit 10 and a triboelectric nanogenerator 20. The triboelectric nanogenerator 20 converts mechanical vibration into electrical energy. The micro thermoelectric power generation unit 10 converts thermal energy into electrical energy through a temperature difference. The power management circuit is connected to the temperature-vibration composite energy harvesting device and the electrical device through wires or a circuit board. The power management circuit receives electrical energy from the temperature-vibration composite energy harvesting device and stores it in the energy storage unit. The energy storage unit can be an electrochemical energy storage device, such as a lithium-ion battery, a lead-acid battery, a flow battery, a sodium-sulfur battery, etc. When the electrical device needs electrical energy, the power management circuit extracts electrical energy from the energy storage unit and delivers it to the electrical device.

[0070] The above is the temperature-vibration composite energy harvesting device and the power supply system of this application.

[0071] As described above, the present application provides a temperature-vibration composite energy harvesting device and a power supply system. The temperature-vibration composite energy harvesting device includes a micro thermoelectric power generation unit 10 and a triboelectric nanogenerator 20. Among them, the micro thermoelectric power generation unit 10 is used to convert the temperature difference between the surface temperature of the transmission line and the ambient temperature into electrical energy, and the triboelectric nanogenerator 20 is used to convert the mechanical energy of the transmission line into electrical energy. The triboelectric nanogenerator 20 can be used as a backup power supply and the micro thermoelectric power generation unit 10 as the main power supply to implement a hybrid power supply strategy of the main power supply and the backup power supply working together, and use thermal energy and mechanical energy to supply power to sensors distributed in various links of the power grid, which can extend the continuous power supply time of the temperature-vibration composite harvesting device and is beneficial to realizing uninterrupted power supply to the electrical device to meet the power supply requirements of the sensing nodes of the power system.

[0072] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that for the convenience and brevity of description, only the above division of each functional unit and module is used as an example for illustration. In practical applications, the above functions can be allocated to different functional units and modules according to needs, that is, the internal structure of the device is divided into different functional units or modules to complete all or part of the functions described above.

[0073] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. These modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention and should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A temperature-vibration composite energy harvesting device, characterized in that, The device includes: a micro thermoelectric power generation unit (10) and a triboelectric nanogenerator (20); wherein, the micro thermoelectric power generation unit (10) is used to convert the temperature difference between the surface temperature of the transmission line and the ambient temperature into electrical energy, and the triboelectric nanogenerator (20) is used to convert the mechanical energy of the transmission line into electrical energy.

2. The temperature-vibration composite energy harvesting device according to claim 1, wherein The micro thermoelectric power generation unit (10) includes a locking mechanism and a micro thermoelectric generator (13); wherein, the locking mechanism includes an upper cover plate (11) and a lower cover plate (12), and the upper cover plate (11) is connected to the lower cover plate (12); the micro thermoelectric generator (13) is a composite material layer with a PN junction, and the composite material layers are stacked on the outer side wall facing away from the upper cover plate (11).

3. The temperature-vibration composite energy harvesting device according to claim 2, wherein Heat sinks (14) are arranged at intervals on one side of the composite material layer facing away from the upper cover plate (11).

4. The temperature-vibration composite energy harvesting device according to claim 3, wherein The composite material layer is sequentially provided with a flexible substrate (130) and a power generation unit layer from top to bottom. The heat sinks (14) are arranged at intervals on one side of the flexible substrate (130) facing away from the power generation unit layer. The power generation unit layer includes a P-type thermoelectric arm (131) and an N-type thermoelectric arm (132), and the P-type thermoelectric arm (131) and the N-type thermoelectric arm (132) are connected through the flexible substrate (130).

5. The temperature-vibration composite energy harvesting device according to claim 2, wherein, The upper cover plate (11) and the lower cover plate (12) are semi-circular plates; through holes (110) are respectively provided on both sides of the upper cover plate (11), and convex plates (120) are respectively provided on both sides of the lower cover plate (12). The upper cover plate (11) and the lower cover plate (12) are connected through the through holes (110) and the convex plates (120).

6. The temperature-vibration composite energy harvesting device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that The triboelectric nanogenerator (20) includes a main body frame (21), a spring (22), a metal sheet (23) and a mass block (24); wherein, the spring (22) passes through the mass block (24), one end of the spring (22) is connected to the top of the main body frame (21), the other end of the spring (22) is connected to the bottom of the main body frame (21), the metal sheets (23) are arranged on both sides of the main body frame (21), and independent triboelectric layers are arranged on the surfaces of the mass block (24) opposite to both sides of the main body frame (21).

7. The temperature-vibration composite energy harvesting device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The metal sheet (23) is copper foil or aluminum foil.

8. The temperature-vibration composite energy harvesting device according to claim 6, wherein The independent triboelectric layer is polytetrafluoroethylene film or polydimethylsiloxane.

9. A power supply system, characterized in that, including: a temperature-vibration composite energy harvesting device, a power management circuit and an electrical device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the power management circuit is respectively connected to the temperature-vibration composite energy harvesting device and the electrical device, the power management circuit stores the electrical energy generated by the temperature-vibration composite energy harvesting device, and supplies power to the electrical device.

10. The power supply system according to claim 9, characterized in that, The electrical device is a monitoring sensor installed on the transmission line.

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